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WO2025028151A1 - Deterioration diagnosis device for water heat exchanger, and deterioration diagnosis method for water heat exchanger - Google Patents

Deterioration diagnosis device for water heat exchanger, and deterioration diagnosis method for water heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025028151A1
WO2025028151A1 PCT/JP2024/024261 JP2024024261W WO2025028151A1 WO 2025028151 A1 WO2025028151 A1 WO 2025028151A1 JP 2024024261 W JP2024024261 W JP 2024024261W WO 2025028151 A1 WO2025028151 A1 WO 2025028151A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
flow rate
temperature difference
heat exchanger
deterioration
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PCT/JP2024/024261
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
厚 田辺
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Carrier Japan Corp
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Carrier Japan Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2025028151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025028151A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus

Definitions

  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to a deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger and a deterioration diagnosis method for a water heat exchanger.
  • Patent Document 1 can identify the presence of scale and the location of the scale, it cannot determine how the heat exchanger has deteriorated, that is, the deterioration pattern of the heat exchanger.
  • possible deterioration patterns include deterioration due to blockage of the flow path and deterioration due to scale that inhibits heat transfer, and if it is possible to determine the pattern of deterioration, more appropriate measures can be taken.
  • this embodiment provides a deterioration diagnosis device and a deterioration diagnosis method that can determine the pattern of deterioration in a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water flowing in a water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in a refrigerant pipe.
  • the deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger includes a water heat exchanger having a heat transfer section between a water pipe through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and performing heat exchange between the water flowing in the water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe via the heat transfer section; a differential pressure flow rate determination section that determines a flow rate estimated from a pressure difference between the water pressure in the water pipe upstream of the water heat exchanger and the water pressure in the water pipe downstream of the water heat exchanger as a differential pressure flow rate; a capacity flow rate determination section that estimates the flow rate of water flowing in the water pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determines the estimated flow rate as a capacity flow rate; an actual temperature difference determination section that determines the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe as an actual temperature difference; and an actual temperature difference determination section that estimates the temperature difference between the temperature
  • the device includes an estimated temperature difference identification unit that identifies the estimated temperature difference, and a deterioration pattern determination unit that determines the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification unit, the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification unit, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification unit, and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification unit.
  • the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a flow path blockage pattern in which the water piping is blocked, and if the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification unit is greater than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification unit, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the heat transfer of the heat transfer unit is inhibited.
  • a deterioration pattern determination process that determines a deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination process, the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination process, the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination process, and the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination process.
  • the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a flow path blockage pattern in which the water piping is blocked, and if the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination process is greater than the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination process, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the heat transfer property of the heat transfer section is inhibited.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a control device according to a first embodiment;
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device according to a second embodiment;
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a fourth embodiment.
  • First Embodiment 1 includes a refrigeration cycle unit 200 and a user-side unit 300.
  • the chiller system 100 performs heat exchange between a refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration cycle unit 200 and water flowing through the user-side unit 300, thereby making it possible to cool or heat an object or space that is a temperature control target of the chiller system 100.
  • Compressor 201 is configured to be able to compress the refrigerant.
  • Compressor 201 is capable of changing its operating frequency, for example, by known inverter control.
  • Compressor 201 may also be configured such that its operating frequency cannot be changed, i.e., its operating frequency is fixed.
  • the expansion valve 204 is configured to have an adjustable valve opening.
  • the expansion valve 204 includes, for example, a valve body having a through hole, a needle that can move forward and backward into the through hole, and a power source that moves the needle forward and backward.
  • the expansion valve 204 blocks the flow of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle unit 200.
  • the expansion valve 204 is in a closed state, and the opening of the expansion valve 204 is at its smallest.
  • the opening of the expansion valve 204 is at its largest.
  • the water heat exchanger 205 exchanges heat between the water flowing in the water pipe 301, which is the object of heating or cooling, and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208.
  • the pump 302 pumps the water in the water pipe 301 toward the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the compressor 201 is condensed in the water heat exchanger 205 and exchanges heat with the water in the water pipe 301.
  • the water heat exchanger 205 functions as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the water in the water heat exchanger 205 is depressurized in the expansion valve 204, and further exchanges heat with the air blown by the fan 203 in the air heat exchanger 202.
  • the air heat exchanger 202 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the air in the air heat exchanger 202 is returned to the compressor 201 via the accumulator 206, heated to a high temperature again, and sent to the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the water heat exchanger 205 heats the water flowing in the water pipe 301.
  • the chiller system 100 is provided with an accumulator-side refrigerant pressure gauge 221 and an accumulator-side refrigerant thermometer 231 in a portion of the refrigerant piping 208 that is closer to the accumulator 206 than the compressor 201.
  • the chiller system 100 is also provided with an anti-accumulator-side refrigerant pressure gauge 222 and an anti-accumulator-side refrigerant thermometer 232 in a portion of the refrigerant piping 208 that is closer to the accumulator 206 than the compressor 201.
  • the chiller system 100 is provided with an upstream water pressure gauge 321 and an upstream water temperature gauge 331 in the portion of the water piping 301 upstream of the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the chiller system 100 is also provided with a downstream water pressure gauge 322 and a downstream water temperature gauge 332 in the portion of the water piping 301 downstream of the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant pipe 208 can be calculated based on the drive frequency of the compressor 201, the density of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant pipe 208, and the like.
  • the density of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant pipe 208 differs mainly depending on the type of refrigerant, but can vary depending on the amount of refrigerant filled, the ambient temperature, and the like.
  • the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 can be estimated more accurately by also reflecting the change in temperature of the water flowing through the water pipe 301 detected by the upstream water thermometer 331 and the downstream water thermometer 332.
  • the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 is an example of an actual temperature difference identification unit, and is capable of executing an actual temperature difference identification process.
  • the actual temperature difference identification process is a process for identifying the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 as the actual temperature difference.
  • the actual temperature difference can be defined as the temperature difference between the water and the refrigerant flowing in the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 can be detected by the upstream water thermometer 331 and the downstream water thermometer 332.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 can be detected by the accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 231 and the anti-accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 232.
  • the estimated temperature difference determination processing unit 404 is an example of an estimated temperature difference determination unit, and is capable of executing an estimated temperature difference determination process.
  • the estimated temperature difference determination process is a process that estimates the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205, and identifies the estimated temperature difference as the estimated temperature difference.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 is an example of a deterioration pattern determination unit, and is capable of executing deterioration pattern determination processing.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing is processing for determining the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 based on the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401, the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403, and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing processing processing 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern."
  • the flow path blockage pattern is a deterioration pattern in which scale has adhered to the water pipe 301, causing blockage inside the water pipe 301.
  • the predetermined reference amount for determining whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred can be changed and set as appropriate.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing processing processing 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "heat transfer inhibition pattern.”
  • the heat transfer inhibition pattern is a deterioration pattern in which scale adheres to the heat transfer section 205a, inhibiting the heat transfer of the heat transfer section 205a.
  • the predetermined reference amount for determining whether or not a "heat transfer inhibition pattern" has occurred can be changed and set as appropriate.
  • the notification processing unit 406 is an example of a notification unit, and is capable of executing notification processing.
  • the notification processing is processing for notifying the result of the deterioration pattern determination by the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405.
  • the notification processing may, for example, be visual information via a display output device (not shown) provided in the control device 400, or auditory information via an audio output device (not shown) provided in the control device 400, or both visual and auditory information.
  • the display output device is, for example, a display, etc.
  • the audio output device is, for example, a speaker, etc.
  • the notification processing unit 406 notifies the water heat exchanger 205 that deterioration in the "flow path obstruction pattern" has occurred. In addition, if the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern is a "thermal conductivity obstruction pattern,” the notification processing unit 406 notifies the water heat exchanger 205 that deterioration in the "thermal conductivity obstruction pattern” has occurred.
  • the notification processing unit 406 may notify that deterioration in the "flow path blockage pattern” and deterioration in the "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern” have occurred in the water heat exchanger 205, or may notify only one of the deterioration patterns.
  • a deterioration pattern with a greater degree of deterioration may be selected and notified, or a deterioration pattern designated in advance by the user may be notified.
  • the control device 400 of the chiller system 100 illustrated above can determine whether the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern" or a "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern” based on the magnitude relationship between the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 and the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, and the magnitude relationship between the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination processing unit 403 and the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination processing unit 404.
  • deterioration of both the "flow path blockage pattern” and the “thermal conductivity inhibition pattern” may occur simultaneously, and in such a case, it can be determined that both the deterioration patterns of the "flow path blockage pattern” and the “thermal conductivity inhibition pattern” have occurred simultaneously.
  • the flow path clogging pattern In both of the two types of deterioration patterns, the "flow path clogging pattern" and the “heat transfer inhibition pattern,” the flow path in the water pipe 301 eventually becomes blocked. However, in the early stages, that is, when the flow path begins to become blocked, the following differences are observed between the two deterioration patterns. That is, in the "flow path clogging pattern,” there is a significant increase in the pressure loss of the water flowing in the water pipe 301, while in the "heat transfer inhibition pattern,” there is a significant deterioration in the heat transfer performance of the heat transfer section 205a.
  • the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 determines whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred.
  • the pressure loss of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 increases.
  • the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 tends to increase due to the increased pressure loss, but the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 is based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 and is therefore less susceptible to the increased pressure loss and therefore less likely to change.
  • the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 tends to become large due to the influence of the deterioration of the heat transfer performance, but the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404 is based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 and is therefore less susceptible to the influence of the deterioration of the heat transfer performance, and therefore is less likely to change. Therefore, when the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 is sufficiently larger than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404, it can be determined that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "heat transfer inhibition pattern".
  • this application discloses an embodiment that focuses on the significant differences in the deterioration patterns observed in the early stages of flow path blockage, making it possible to determine the pattern in which the water heat exchanger 205 is deteriorating.
  • the control device 400 illustrated in Fig. 3 is configured to include an actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 instead of the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402.
  • the control device 400 executes a degradation diagnosis program to virtually realize the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 by software.
  • the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by a combination of software and hardware.
  • the actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 is an example of an actual flow rate determination unit, and is capable of executing an actual flow rate determination process.
  • the actual flow rate determination process is a process for determining the flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301 as the actual flow rate.
  • the flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301 can be detected by a flow meter 341 as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the flow meter 341 is provided in a portion of the water pipe 301 upstream of the water heat exchanger 205, but as long as the portion is capable of detecting the flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301, it may be provided in, for example, a portion of the water pipe 301 downstream of the water heat exchanger 205, or in a portion of the water pipe 301 within the water heat exchanger 205.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern" if the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401 is greater than the actual flow rate identified by the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 by a predetermined reference amount or more.
  • the second embodiment also makes it possible to determine the pattern of deterioration of the water heat exchanger 205, which exchanges heat between the water flowing in the water pipe 301 and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208.
  • differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 can be compared with an actual measured value rather than an estimated value, making it possible to more accurately determine whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred.
  • control device 400 may be provided with an actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 along with the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, and any one of the flow rate values of the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 and the actual flow rate determined by the actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 may be appropriately selected and compared with the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401.
  • the average value, median value, maximum value, minimum value, etc. may be determined for the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 and the actual flow rate determined by the actual flow rate determination processing unit 407, and the determined value may be compared with the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401.
  • the chiller system 100 illustrated in Figure 5 is configured to have multiple, in this case two, refrigeration cycle units 200 for one user unit 300, in other words, multiple, in this case two, refrigerant pipes 208 corresponding to one water pipe 301.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 can determine the deterioration pattern using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between one refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301, and can also determine the deterioration pattern using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between the other refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301.
  • the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the relationship with the one refrigerant pipe 208. Also, when a deterioration pattern is determined using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between the other refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the relationship with the other refrigerant pipe 208. That is, according to this configuration example, it is possible to identify which of the multiple refrigerant pipes 208 the water heat exchanger 205 is in relation to, and ultimately to identify which of the multiple refrigeration cycle units 200 the water heat exchanger 205 is in relation to.
  • the notification processing unit 406 may be configured to notify that deterioration has occurred in the water heat exchanger 205 in relation to all of the multiple refrigerant pipes 208, including the other refrigerant pipes 208.
  • the chiller system 100 illustrated in Fig. 6 has a configuration in which a plurality of water heat exchangers 205, in this case two, are connected in series on a single water pipe 301.
  • An intermediate water pressure gauge 323 and an intermediate water temperature gauge 333 are provided in a portion of the water pipe 301 between the plurality of water heat exchangers 205.
  • the configuration example of the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which a plurality of the configurations exemplified in the above-mentioned first embodiment, in this case two, are connected in series.
  • the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 can determine the deterioration pattern for each of the plurality of water heat exchangers 205.
  • the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in that one water heat exchanger 205. Furthermore, when a deterioration pattern is determined for the other water heat exchanger 205, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the other water heat exchanger 205. In other words, according to this configuration example, it is possible to identify which water heat exchanger 205 has deteriorated.
  • the notification processing unit 406 may be configured to notify that deterioration has occurred in the entire group of multiple water heat exchangers 205, including the other water heat exchangers 205.
  • Embodiments This embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications and extensions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • an embodiment may be made by appropriately combining at least two or more of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the differential pressure flow rate, the capacity flow rate, the actual temperature difference, and the estimated temperature difference are not limited to the above-mentioned identification methods, and can be identified using various well-known methods.
  • 205 indicates a water heat exchanger
  • 205a indicates a heat transfer section
  • 208 indicates a refrigerant piping
  • 301 indicates a water piping
  • 400 indicates a control device (water heat exchanger deterioration diagnosis device)
  • 401 indicates a differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit (differential pressure flow rate identification unit)
  • 402 indicates a capacity flow rate identification processing unit (capacity flow rate identification unit)
  • 403 indicates an actual temperature difference identification processing unit (actual temperature difference identification unit)
  • 404 indicates an estimated temperature difference identification processing unit (estimated temperature difference identification unit)
  • 405 indicates a deterioration pattern determination processing unit (deterioration pattern determination unit)
  • 407 indicates an actual flow rate identification processing unit (actual flow rate identification unit).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

According to a deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger according to the present embodiment, when a differential pressure flow rate specified by a differential pressure flow rate specifying unit is greater than a capacity flow rate specified by a capacity flow rate specifying unit, a deterioration pattern determining unit determines that a deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a flow path closing pattern in which the inside of a water pipe is closed, and, when an actual temperature difference specified by an actual temperature difference specifying unit is greater than an estimated temperature difference specified by an estimated temperature difference specifying unit, the deterioration pattern determining unit determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which heat transfer of a heat transfer unit is inhibited.

Description

水熱交換器の劣化診断装置、水熱交換器の劣化診断方法Deterioration diagnosis device for water heat exchanger, and deterioration diagnosis method for water heat exchanger

　本発明の実施形態は、水熱交換器の劣化診断装置及び水熱交換器の劣化診断方法に関する。 An embodiment of the present invention relates to a deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger and a deterioration diagnosis method for a water heat exchanger.

　例えば特許文献１には、発電プラントの復水や給水系統等に設置される給水加熱器等の熱交換器において、熱交換器の入口と出口における給水圧力の差圧及び熱交換器の熱交換性能の両者を監視することにより、スケールの付着の有無のみならず、スケールの付着箇所が熱交換用チューブの内面か外面か、又は、熱交換用チューブ以外の給水流路部かの判定も行えるようにした熱交換器の異常監視装置が開示されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an abnormality monitoring device for a heat exchanger that monitors both the differential pressure of the feedwater pressure at the inlet and outlet of a heat exchanger and the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger in a heat exchanger such as a feedwater heater installed in the condensate or feedwater system of a power plant, making it possible to determine not only whether scale has adhered, but also whether the scale has adhered to the inner or outer surface of the heat exchange tube, or to a part of the feedwater flow path other than the heat exchange tube.

特許第２６７５６８４号公報Patent No. 2675684

　しかしながら、特許文献１の装置では、スケールが付着していることや、そのスケールが付着している箇所を特定することは可能であるものの、熱交換器がどのように劣化しているのか、つまり、熱交換器の劣化のパターンまでは判定することができない。特に、水と冷媒との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器においては、劣化のパターンとしては、流路が閉塞することにより劣化しているパターンや、スケールにより伝熱性が阻害されているパターン等が考えられ、どのようなパターンで劣化しているのかを判定することができれば、より適切な対処を行うことができる。 However, while the device in Patent Document 1 can identify the presence of scale and the location of the scale, it cannot determine how the heat exchanger has deteriorated, that is, the deterioration pattern of the heat exchanger. In particular, in a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between water and a refrigerant, possible deterioration patterns include deterioration due to blockage of the flow path and deterioration due to scale that inhibits heat transfer, and if it is possible to determine the pattern of deterioration, more appropriate measures can be taken.

　そこで、本実施形態は、水配管内を流れる水と冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器について、どのようなパターンで劣化しているのかを判定できるようにした劣化診断装置及び劣化診断方法を提供する。 In view of this, this embodiment provides a deterioration diagnosis device and a deterioration diagnosis method that can determine the pattern of deterioration in a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water flowing in a water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in a refrigerant pipe.

　本実施形態に係る水熱交換器の劣化診断装置は、水が流れる水配管と冷媒が流れる冷媒配管との間に伝熱部を備え、前記水配管内を流れる水と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒との間で前記伝熱部を介して熱交換を行う水熱交換器と、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも上流側における水の圧力と、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも下流側における水の圧力との圧力差から推定した流量を差圧流量として特定する差圧流量特定部と、前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて前記水配管内を流れる水の流量を推定し、その推定した流量を能力流量として特定する能力流量特定部と、前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を実温度差として特定する実温度差特定部と、前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて推定し、その推定した温度差を推定温度差として特定する推定温度差特定部と、前記差圧流量特定部により特定される前記差圧流量、前記能力流量特定部により特定される前記能力流量、前記実温度差特定部により特定される前記実温度差、前記推定温度差特定部により特定される前記推定温度差に基づいて、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンを判定する劣化パターン判定部と、を備え、前記劣化パターン判定部は、前記差圧流量特定部により特定される前記差圧流量が前記能力流量特定部により特定される前記能力流量よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記水配管内が閉塞している流路閉塞パターンであると判定し、前記実温度差特定部により特定される前記実温度差が前記推定温度差特定部により特定される前記推定温度差よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記伝熱部の伝熱性が阻害されている伝熱性阻害パターンであると判定する。 The deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger according to this embodiment includes a water heat exchanger having a heat transfer section between a water pipe through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and performing heat exchange between the water flowing in the water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe via the heat transfer section; a differential pressure flow rate determination section that determines a flow rate estimated from a pressure difference between the water pressure in the water pipe upstream of the water heat exchanger and the water pressure in the water pipe downstream of the water heat exchanger as a differential pressure flow rate; a capacity flow rate determination section that estimates the flow rate of water flowing in the water pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determines the estimated flow rate as a capacity flow rate; an actual temperature difference determination section that determines the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe as an actual temperature difference; and an actual temperature difference determination section that estimates the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determines the estimated temperature difference as a capacity flow rate. The device includes an estimated temperature difference identification unit that identifies the estimated temperature difference, and a deterioration pattern determination unit that determines the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification unit, the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification unit, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification unit, and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification unit. If the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification unit is greater than the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification unit, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a flow path blockage pattern in which the water piping is blocked, and if the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification unit is greater than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification unit, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the heat transfer of the heat transfer unit is inhibited.

　本実施形態に係る水熱交換器の劣化診断方法は、水が流れる水配管と冷媒が流れる冷媒配管との間に伝熱部を備え、前記水配管内を流れる水と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒との間で前記伝熱部を介して熱交換を行う水熱交換器の劣化を診断する方法であって、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも上流側における水の圧力と、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも下流側における水の圧力との圧力差から推定した流量を差圧流量として特定する差圧流量特定処理と、前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて前記水配管内を流れる水の流量を推定し、その推定した流量を能力流量として特定する能力流量特定処理と、前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を実温度差として特定する実温度差特定処理と、前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて推定し、その推定した温度差を推定温度差として特定する推定温度差特定処理と、前記差圧流量特定処理により特定される前記差圧流量、前記能力流量特定処理により特定される前記能力流量、前記実温度差特定処理により特定される前記実温度差、前記推定温度差特定処理により特定される前記推定温度差に基づいて、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンを判定する劣化パターン判定処理と、を含み、前記劣化パターン判定処理では、前記差圧流量特定処理により特定される前記差圧流量が前記能力流量特定処理により特定される前記能力流量よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記水配管内が閉塞している流路閉塞パターンであると判定し、前記実温度差特定処理により特定される前記実温度差が前記推定温度差特定処理により特定される前記推定温度差よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記伝熱部の伝熱性が阻害されている伝熱性阻害パターンであると判定する。 The deterioration diagnosis method for a water heat exchanger according to this embodiment is a method for diagnosing deterioration of a water heat exchanger that has a heat transfer section between a water pipe through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and that performs heat exchange between the water flowing in the water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe via the heat transfer section, and includes a differential pressure flow rate determination process that determines a flow rate estimated from a pressure difference between the water pressure in the water pipe upstream of the water heat exchanger and the water pressure in the water pipe downstream of the water heat exchanger as a differential pressure flow rate, a capacity flow rate determination process that estimates the flow rate of water flowing in the water pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determines the estimated flow rate as a capacity flow rate, an actual temperature difference determination process that determines the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe as an actual temperature difference, and a temperature difference determination process that estimates the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determines the estimated temperature difference as a capacity flow rate. and a deterioration pattern determination process that determines a deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination process, the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination process, the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination process, and the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination process. In the deterioration pattern determination process, if the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination process is greater than the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination process, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a flow path blockage pattern in which the water piping is blocked, and if the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination process is greater than the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination process, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the heat transfer property of the heat transfer section is inhibited.

第１実施形態に係るチラーシステムの構成例を概略的に示す図FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a first embodiment. 第１実施形態に係る制御装置の構成例を概略的に示すブロック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a control device according to a first embodiment; 第２実施形態に係る制御装置の構成例を概略的に示すブロック図FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a control device according to a second embodiment; 第２実施形態に係るチラーシステムの構成例を概略的に示す図FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a second embodiment. 第３実施形態に係るチラーシステムの構成例を概略的に示す図FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a third embodiment. 第４実施形態に係るチラーシステムの構成例を概略的に示す図FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a chiller system according to a fourth embodiment.

　以下、水熱交換器の劣化診断装置及び劣化診断方法に係る複数の実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、複数の実施形態において実質的に同一の要素には同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。 Below, several embodiments of the deterioration diagnosis device and deterioration diagnosis method for a water heat exchanger will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that elements that are essentially the same in several embodiments will be given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

　（第１実施形態）
　図１に例示するチラーシステム１００は、冷凍サイクルユニット２００と利用側ユニット３００を備えている。チラーシステム１００は、冷凍サイクルユニット２００を流れる冷媒と利用側ユニット３００を流れる水との間で熱交換を行うことにより、チラーシステム１００の温度制御対象である物や空間を冷却したり加熱したりすることが可能である。 First Embodiment
1 includes a refrigeration cycle unit 200 and a user-side unit 300. The chiller system 100 performs heat exchange between a refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration cycle unit 200 and water flowing through the user-side unit 300, thereby making it possible to cool or heat an object or space that is a temperature control target of the chiller system 100.

　冷凍サイクルユニット２００は、圧縮機２０１、空気熱交換器２０２、ファン２０３、膨張弁２０４、水熱交換器２０５、アキュムレータ２０６、四方弁２０７、冷媒配管２０８を備えている。圧縮機２０１、空気熱交換器２０２、膨張弁２０４、水熱交換器２０５、アキュムレータ２０６、四方弁２０７は、冷媒配管２０８により順次接続されている。 The refrigeration cycle unit 200 includes a compressor 201, an air heat exchanger 202, a fan 203, an expansion valve 204, a water heat exchanger 205, an accumulator 206, a four-way valve 207, and a refrigerant piping 208. The compressor 201, the air heat exchanger 202, the expansion valve 204, the water heat exchanger 205, the accumulator 206, and the four-way valve 207 are connected in sequence by the refrigerant piping 208.

　圧縮機２０１は、冷媒を圧縮可能に構成されている。圧縮機２０１は、例えば公知のインバーター制御によって運転周波数を変更可能である。圧縮機２０１は、運転周波数を変更不能である構成つまり運転周波数が固定の構成であってもよい。 Compressor 201 is configured to be able to compress the refrigerant. Compressor 201 is capable of changing its operating frequency, for example, by known inverter control. Compressor 201 may also be configured such that its operating frequency cannot be changed, i.e., its operating frequency is fixed.

　空気熱交換器２０２は、例えばフィンアンドチューブ式の熱交換器である。即ち、空気熱交換器２０２は、複数枚の平板状のフィンに冷媒配管２０８が挿通された構成の熱交換器である。空気熱交換器２０２の近傍には、ファン２０３が配置されている。空気熱交換器２０２は、ファン２０３から送られる空気と空気熱交換器２０２内を通る冷媒との間で熱交換を行う。 The air heat exchanger 202 is, for example, a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger. That is, the air heat exchanger 202 is a heat exchanger configured with refrigerant piping 208 inserted through multiple flat plate-shaped fins. A fan 203 is disposed near the air heat exchanger 202. The air heat exchanger 202 exchanges heat between the air sent from the fan 203 and the refrigerant passing through the air heat exchanger 202.

　膨張弁２０４は、弁開度を調節可能に構成されている。膨張弁２０４は、例えば、貫通孔を有する弁本体と、貫通孔に対して進退可能なニードルと、ニードルを進退させる動力源と、を備えている。貫通孔をニードルで塞いだ場合、膨張弁２０４は、冷凍サイクルユニット２００における冷媒の流通を遮断する。このとき、膨張弁２０４は閉じた状態であり、膨張弁２０４の開度は最も小さい。ニードルが貫通孔から最も離れた場合、冷凍サイクルユニット２００における冷媒の流通量は最大化する。このとき、膨張弁２０４の開度は最も大きい。 The expansion valve 204 is configured to have an adjustable valve opening. The expansion valve 204 includes, for example, a valve body having a through hole, a needle that can move forward and backward into the through hole, and a power source that moves the needle forward and backward. When the through hole is blocked by the needle, the expansion valve 204 blocks the flow of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle unit 200. At this time, the expansion valve 204 is in a closed state, and the opening of the expansion valve 204 is at its smallest. When the needle is farthest from the through hole, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the refrigeration cycle unit 200 is maximized. At this time, the opening of the expansion valve 204 is at its largest.

　水熱交換器２０５は、加熱又は冷却の対象である水配管３０１内を流れる水と冷媒配管２０８を流れる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う。ポンプ３０２は、水配管３０１内の水を水熱交換器２０５に向けて圧送する。 The water heat exchanger 205 exchanges heat between the water flowing in the water pipe 301, which is the object of heating or cooling, and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208. The pump 302 pumps the water in the water pipe 301 toward the water heat exchanger 205.

　水熱交換器２０５は、いわゆるプレート式の水熱交換器である。水熱交換器２０５は、積層された複数の熱交換プレートを、その積層方向から一対のカバープレートにより挟み込んだ構成となっている。少なくとも一方のカバープレートは、水や冷媒の出入口として機能する複数の継手を備えている。水熱交換器２０５は、水が流れる水配管３０１と冷媒が流れる冷媒配管２０８とが接続され、水流路と冷媒流路とが交互にプレートで仕切られることで水と冷媒が熱交換する伝熱部２０５ａを備えている。 The water heat exchanger 205 is a so-called plate-type water heat exchanger. The water heat exchanger 205 is configured by sandwiching multiple stacked heat exchange plates between a pair of cover plates in the stacking direction. At least one of the cover plates has multiple joints that function as inlets and outlets for water and refrigerant. The water heat exchanger 205 is connected to a water pipe 301 through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe 208 through which refrigerant flows, and is provided with a heat transfer section 205a in which the water and refrigerant exchange heat by alternately separating the water flow path and the refrigerant flow path with plates.

　アキュムレータ２０６は、例えば鉄鋼等の金属製のケースを有している。アキュムレータ２０６内の下部には液相の冷媒が収容される。アキュムレータ２０６内の上部には気相の冷媒が収容される。アキュムレータ２０６は、気相の冷媒を圧縮機２０１に供給する。 The accumulator 206 has a case made of metal such as steel. The lower part of the accumulator 206 contains liquid phase refrigerant. The upper part of the accumulator 206 contains gas phase refrigerant. The accumulator 206 supplies the gas phase refrigerant to the compressor 201.

　四方弁２０７は、冷媒配管２０８において冷媒が流れる向きを切り替えることにより、冷凍サイクルユニット２００を加熱運転状態と冷却運転状態とに切り替える。加熱運転状態と冷却運転状態とでは、冷媒配管２０８において冷媒が流れる向きが逆方向に切り替えられる。 The four-way valve 207 switches the direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant pipe 208, thereby switching the refrigeration cycle unit 200 between a heating operation state and a cooling operation state. In the heating operation state and the cooling operation state, the direction in which the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant pipe 208 is switched to the opposite direction.

　冷凍サイクルユニット２００が加熱運転状態に切り替えられた場合、水熱交換器２０５により水配管３０１内を流れる水が加熱される。加熱運転状態では、冷媒は、圧縮機２０１、水熱交換器２０５、膨張弁２０４、空気熱交換器２０２、アキュムレータ２０６の順に流れる。 When the refrigeration cycle unit 200 is switched to a heating operation state, the water flowing in the water pipe 301 is heated by the water heat exchanger 205. In the heating operation state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 201, the water heat exchanger 205, the expansion valve 204, the air heat exchanger 202, and the accumulator 206 in that order.

　より詳細に説明すると、圧縮機２０１で高温化された冷媒は、水熱交換器２０５において凝縮し水配管３０１内の水と熱交換する。これにより、水配管３０１内を流れる水が加熱される。このとき、水熱交換器２０５は、冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器として機能する。水熱交換器２０５において水と熱交換した冷媒は、膨張弁２０４において減圧され、さらに、空気熱交換器２０２においてファン２０３から送風される空気と熱交換する。このとき、空気熱交換器２０２は、冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器として機能する。空気熱交換器２０２において空気と熱交換した冷媒は、アキュムレータ２０６を介して圧縮機２０１に戻され、再び高温化されて水熱交換器２０５に送られる。このような冷媒の循環が行われることにより、水熱交換器２０５は、水配管３０１内を流れる水を加熱する。 To explain in more detail, the refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the compressor 201 is condensed in the water heat exchanger 205 and exchanges heat with the water in the water pipe 301. As a result, the water flowing in the water pipe 301 is heated. At this time, the water heat exchanger 205 functions as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant. The refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the water in the water heat exchanger 205 is depressurized in the expansion valve 204, and further exchanges heat with the air blown by the fan 203 in the air heat exchanger 202. At this time, the air heat exchanger 202 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant. The refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the air in the air heat exchanger 202 is returned to the compressor 201 via the accumulator 206, heated to a high temperature again, and sent to the water heat exchanger 205. By circulating the refrigerant in this way, the water heat exchanger 205 heats the water flowing in the water pipe 301.

　一方、冷凍サイクルユニット２００が冷却運転状態に切り替えれられた場合、水熱交換器２０５により水配管３０１内を流れる水が冷却される。冷却運転状態では、冷媒は、圧縮機２０１、空気熱交換器２０２、膨張弁２０４、水熱交換器２０５、アキュムレータ２０６の順に流れる。 On the other hand, when the refrigeration cycle unit 200 is switched to a cooling operation state, the water flowing in the water pipe 301 is cooled by the water heat exchanger 205. In the cooling operation state, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 201, the air heat exchanger 202, the expansion valve 204, the water heat exchanger 205, and the accumulator 206 in that order.

　より詳細に説明すると、圧縮機２０１で高温化された冷媒は、空気熱交換器２０２において凝縮しファン２０３から送風される空気と熱交換する。このとき、空気熱交換器２０２は、冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器として機能する。空気熱交換器２０２において空気と熱交換した冷媒は、膨張弁２０４において減圧され、さらに、水熱交換器２０５において水配管３０１内の水と熱交換する。これにより、水配管３０１内を流れる水が冷却される。このとき、水熱交換器２０５は、冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器として機能する。水熱交換器２０５において空気と熱交換した冷媒は、アキュムレータ２０６を介して圧縮機２０１に戻され、再び高温化されて空気熱交換器２０２に送られる。このような冷媒の循環が行われることにより、水熱交換器２０５は、水配管３０１内を流れる水を冷却する。 To explain in more detail, the refrigerant heated to a high temperature by the compressor 201 is condensed in the air heat exchanger 202 and exchanges heat with the air blown by the fan 203. At this time, the air heat exchanger 202 functions as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant. The refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the air in the air heat exchanger 202 is decompressed in the expansion valve 204, and further exchanges heat with the water in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205. This cools the water flowing in the water pipe 301. At this time, the water heat exchanger 205 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant. The refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the air in the water heat exchanger 205 is returned to the compressor 201 via the accumulator 206, heated again, and sent to the air heat exchanger 202. By circulating the refrigerant in this way, the water heat exchanger 205 cools the water flowing in the water pipe 301.

　チラーシステム１００は、冷媒配管２０８のうち圧縮機２０１よりもアキュムレータ２０６側の部分にアキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２１とアキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３１を備えている。また、チラーシステム１００は、冷媒配管２０８のうち圧縮機２０１よりもアキュムレータ２０６とは反対側の部分に反アキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２２と反アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３２を備えている。 The chiller system 100 is provided with an accumulator-side refrigerant pressure gauge 221 and an accumulator-side refrigerant thermometer 231 in a portion of the refrigerant piping 208 that is closer to the accumulator 206 than the compressor 201. The chiller system 100 is also provided with an anti-accumulator-side refrigerant pressure gauge 222 and an anti-accumulator-side refrigerant thermometer 232 in a portion of the refrigerant piping 208 that is closer to the accumulator 206 than the compressor 201.

　チラーシステム１００は、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも上流側の部分に上流側水圧計３２１と上流側水温計３３１を備えている。また、チラーシステム１００は、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも下流側の部分に下流側水圧計３２２と下流側水温計３３２を備えている。 The chiller system 100 is provided with an upstream water pressure gauge 321 and an upstream water temperature gauge 331 in the portion of the water piping 301 upstream of the water heat exchanger 205. The chiller system 100 is also provided with a downstream water pressure gauge 322 and a downstream water temperature gauge 332 in the portion of the water piping 301 downstream of the water heat exchanger 205.

　次に、チラーシステム１００を制御する制御装置４００について詳細に説明する。制御装置４００は、例えばコンピュータを主体として構成されており、制御プログラムや各種の設定データ等に基づいてチラーシステム１００の動作全般を制御可能である。また、制御装置４００は、水熱交換器２０５の劣化診断装置の一例としても機能するものであり、水熱交換器２０５の劣化を診断可能に構成されている。 Next, the control device 400 that controls the chiller system 100 will be described in detail. The control device 400 is configured, for example, mainly as a computer, and is capable of controlling the overall operation of the chiller system 100 based on a control program and various setting data, etc. The control device 400 also functions as an example of a deterioration diagnosis device for the water heat exchanger 205, and is configured to be able to diagnose deterioration of the water heat exchanger 205.

　制御装置４００には、上述した圧縮機２０１、ファン２０３、膨張弁２０４、四方弁２０７、ポンプ３０２等といった各種の駆動系の構成要素が接続されている。また、制御装置５０には、上述したアキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２１、アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３１、反アキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２２、反アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３２、上流側水圧計３２１、上流側水温計３３１、下流側水圧計３２２、下流側水温計３３２等といった各種のセンサ系の構成要素が接続されている。 The control device 400 is connected to various drive system components such as the compressor 201, fan 203, expansion valve 204, four-way valve 207, pump 302, etc., described above. In addition, the control device 50 is connected to various sensor system components such as the accumulator side refrigerant pressure gauge 221, accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 231, anti-accumulator side refrigerant pressure gauge 222, anti-accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 232, upstream side water pressure gauge 321, upstream side water temperature gauge 331, downstream side water pressure gauge 322, downstream side water temperature gauge 332, etc., described above.

　図２に例示するように、制御装置４００は、劣化診断プログラムを実行することにより、差圧流量特定処理部４０１、能力流量特定処理部４０２、実温度差特定処理部４０３、推定温度差特定処理部４０４、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５、報知処理部４０６をソフトウェアにより仮想的に実現している。なお、差圧流量特定処理部４０１、能力流量特定処理部４０２、実温度差特定処理部４０３、推定温度差特定処理部４０４、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５、報知処理部４０６は、ハードウェアにより実現されていてもよいし、ソフトウェアとハードウェアの組み合わせにより実現されていてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 400 executes a deterioration diagnosis program to virtually realize the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401, the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402, the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403, the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404, the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405, and the notification processing unit 406 through software. Note that the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401, the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402, the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403, the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404, the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405, and the notification processing unit 406 may be realized through hardware or a combination of software and hardware.

　差圧流量特定処理部４０１は、差圧流量特定部の一例であり、差圧流量特定処理を実行可能である。差圧流量特定処理は、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも上流側の部分における上流側水圧計３２１により検知される水の圧力と、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも下流側の部分における下流側水圧計３２２により検知される水の圧力との圧力差から推定する流量を差圧流量として特定する処理である。即ち、水熱交換器２０５よりも上流側における水の圧力と下流側における水の圧力との圧力差が大きいほど水の流量は大きいと推定することができ、逆に、圧力差が小さいほど水の流量は小さいと推定することができる。 The differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 is an example of a differential pressure flow rate determination unit, and is capable of executing differential pressure flow rate determination processing. The differential pressure flow rate determination processing is a process for determining, as a differential pressure flow rate, a flow rate estimated from the pressure difference between the water pressure detected by the upstream water pressure gauge 321 in the portion of the water piping 301 upstream of the water heat exchanger 205, and the water pressure detected by the downstream water pressure gauge 322 in the portion of the water piping 301 downstream of the water heat exchanger 205. In other words, the greater the pressure difference between the water pressure upstream of the water heat exchanger 205 and the water pressure downstream of the water heat exchanger 205, the greater the water flow rate can be estimated to be, and conversely, the smaller the pressure difference, the smaller the water flow rate can be estimated to be.

　能力流量特定処理部４０２は、能力流量特定部の一例であり、能力流量特定処理を実行可能である。能力流量特定処理は、水熱交換器２０５の能力に基づいて水配管３０１内を流れる水の流量を推定し、その推定した流量を能力流量として特定する処理である。 The capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402 is an example of a capacity flow rate identification unit, and is capable of executing a capacity flow rate identification process. The capacity flow rate identification process is a process that estimates the flow rate of water flowing in the water pipe 301 based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205, and identifies the estimated flow rate as the capacity flow rate.

　水熱交換器２０５の能力は、冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒のエンタルピー変化や冷媒配管２０８内における冷媒の循環量等に基づいて推定することができる。冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒のエンタルピー変化は、アキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２１や反アキュムレータ側冷媒圧力計２２２により検知される冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒の圧力や、アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３１や反アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３２により検知される冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒の温度等に基づいて算出することができる。冷媒配管２０８内における冷媒の循環量は、圧縮機２０１の駆動周波数や冷媒配管２０８内に充填されている冷媒の密度等に基づいて算出することができる。冷媒配管２０８内に充填されている冷媒の密度は、もっぱら冷媒の種類ごとに異なるが、充填されている冷媒の量や周囲温度等の影響を受けて変動し得る。 The capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 can be estimated based on the enthalpy change of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208, the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant pipe 208, and the like. The enthalpy change of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 can be calculated based on the pressure of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 detected by the accumulator side refrigerant pressure gauge 221 and the counter-accumulator side refrigerant pressure gauge 222, and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 detected by the accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 231 and the counter-accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 232, and the like. The amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant pipe 208 can be calculated based on the drive frequency of the compressor 201, the density of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant pipe 208, and the like. The density of the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant pipe 208 differs mainly depending on the type of refrigerant, but can vary depending on the amount of refrigerant filled, the ambient temperature, and the like.

　水熱交換器２０５の能力は、さらに、上流側水温計３３１や下流側水温計３３２により検知される水配管３０１内を流れる水の温度の変化も反映させることにより、より精度良く推定することができる。 The capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 can be estimated more accurately by also reflecting the change in temperature of the water flowing through the water pipe 301 detected by the upstream water thermometer 331 and the downstream water thermometer 332.

　実温度差特定処理部４０３は、実温度差特定部の一例であり、実温度差特定処理を実行可能である。実温度差特定処理は、水熱交換器２０５内において水配管３０１内を流れる水の温度と冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を実温度差として特定する処理である。即ち、実温度差は、水熱交換器２０５内を流れる水と冷媒の温度差と定義することができる。水熱交換器２０５内において水配管３０１内を流れる水の温度は、上流側水温計３３１や下流側水温計３３２により検知することができる。冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒の温度は、アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３１や反アキュムレータ側冷媒温度計２３２により検知することができる。 The actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 is an example of an actual temperature difference identification unit, and is capable of executing an actual temperature difference identification process. The actual temperature difference identification process is a process for identifying the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 as the actual temperature difference. In other words, the actual temperature difference can be defined as the temperature difference between the water and the refrigerant flowing in the water heat exchanger 205. The temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 can be detected by the upstream water thermometer 331 and the downstream water thermometer 332. The temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 can be detected by the accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 231 and the anti-accumulator side refrigerant thermometer 232.

　推定温度差特定処理部４０４は、推定温度差特定部の一例であり、推定温度差特定処理を実行可能である。推定温度差特定処理は、水熱交換器２０５内において水配管３０１内を流れる水の温度と冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を水熱交換器２０５の能力に基づいて推定し、その推定した温度差を推定温度差として特定する処理である。 The estimated temperature difference determination processing unit 404 is an example of an estimated temperature difference determination unit, and is capable of executing an estimated temperature difference determination process. The estimated temperature difference determination process is a process that estimates the temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 in the water heat exchanger 205 and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208 based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205, and identifies the estimated temperature difference as the estimated temperature difference.

　水熱交換器２０５の能力は、上述した通り、冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒のエンタルピー変化や冷媒配管２０８内における冷媒の循環量等に基づいて推定することができ、さらには、水配管３０１内を流れる水の温度の変化も反映させることにより、より精度良く推定することができる。 As described above, the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 can be estimated based on the enthalpy change of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant piping 208 and the amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant piping 208, and can be estimated more accurately by also reflecting the change in temperature of the water flowing in the water piping 301.

　劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、劣化パターン判定部の一例であり、劣化パターン判定処理を実行可能である。劣化パターン判定処理は、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量、能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差、推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差に基づいて、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンを判定する処理である。 The deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 is an example of a deterioration pattern determination unit, and is capable of executing deterioration pattern determination processing. The deterioration pattern determination processing is processing for determining the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 based on the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401, the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403, and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404.

　より詳細に説明すると、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量が能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量よりも所定の基準量以上大きい場合には、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「流路閉塞パターン」であると判定する。流路閉塞パターンは、水配管３０１内にスケールが付着して当該水配管３０１内が閉塞しているという劣化パターンである。「流路閉塞パターン」の発生有無を判定するための所定の基準量は、適宜変更して設定することができる。 To explain in more detail, if the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification processing processing processing 401 is greater than the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification processing processing processing 402 by a predetermined reference amount or more, the deterioration pattern determination processing processing processing 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern." The flow path blockage pattern is a deterioration pattern in which scale has adhered to the water pipe 301, causing blockage inside the water pipe 301. The predetermined reference amount for determining whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred can be changed and set as appropriate.

　また、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差が推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差よりも所定の基準量以上大きい場合には、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「伝熱性阻害パターン」であると判定する。伝熱性阻害パターンは、伝熱部２０５ａにスケールが付着して当該伝熱部２０５ａの伝熱性が阻害されている劣化パターンである。「伝熱性阻害パターン」の発生有無を判定するための所定の基準量は、適宜変更して設定することができる。 In addition, if the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing processing processing 403 is greater than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing processing 404 by a predetermined reference amount or more, the deterioration pattern determination processing processing processing 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "heat transfer inhibition pattern." The heat transfer inhibition pattern is a deterioration pattern in which scale adheres to the heat transfer section 205a, inhibiting the heat transfer of the heat transfer section 205a. The predetermined reference amount for determining whether or not a "heat transfer inhibition pattern" has occurred can be changed and set as appropriate.

　水熱交換器２０５においては、「流路閉塞パターン」の劣化のみが発生している場合、「伝熱性阻害パターン」の劣化のみが発生している場合、「流路閉塞パターン」及び「伝熱性阻害パターン」の双方の劣化が同時に発生している場合が有り得る。 In the water heat exchanger 205, there may be cases where only the "flow path blockage pattern" deterioration occurs, cases where only the "heat transfer inhibition pattern" deterioration occurs, or cases where both the "flow path blockage pattern" and the "heat transfer inhibition pattern" deterioration occur simultaneously.

　報知処理部４０６は、報知部の一例であり、報知処理を実行可能である。報知処理は、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５による劣化パターンの判定結果を報知する処理である。報知処理は、例えば、制御装置４００が備える図示しない表示出力器を介して視覚的情報として報知してもよいし、制御装置４００が備える図示しない音声出力器を介して聴覚的情報として報知してもよいし、視覚的情報と聴覚的情報の双方により報知してもよい。表示出力器は、例えばディスプレイ等である。音声出力器は、例えばスピーカ等である。 The notification processing unit 406 is an example of a notification unit, and is capable of executing notification processing. The notification processing is processing for notifying the result of the deterioration pattern determination by the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405. The notification processing may, for example, be visual information via a display output device (not shown) provided in the control device 400, or auditory information via an audio output device (not shown) provided in the control device 400, or both visual and auditory information. The display output device is, for example, a display, etc. The audio output device is, for example, a speaker, etc.

　報知処理部４０６は、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５による劣化パターンの判定結果が「流路閉塞パターン」である場合には、水熱交換器２０５に「流路閉塞パターン」の劣化が発生していることを報知する。また、報知処理部４０６は、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５による劣化パターンの判定結果が「伝熱性阻害パターン」である場合には、水熱交換器２０５に「伝熱性阻害パターン」の劣化が発生していることを報知する。 If the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern is a "flow path obstruction pattern," the notification processing unit 406 notifies the water heat exchanger 205 that deterioration in the "flow path obstruction pattern" has occurred. In addition, if the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern is a "thermal conductivity obstruction pattern," the notification processing unit 406 notifies the water heat exchanger 205 that deterioration in the "thermal conductivity obstruction pattern" has occurred.

　また、報知処理部４０６は、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５による劣化パターンの判定結果が「流路閉塞パターン」でもあり「伝熱性阻害パターン」でもある場合には、水熱交換器２０５に「流路閉塞パターン」の劣化及び「伝熱性阻害パターン」の劣化が発生していることを報知するようにしてもよいし、何れか一方の劣化パターンのみを報知するようにしてもよい。何れか一方の劣化パターンのみを報知する場合、例えば、より劣化の度合いが大きい劣化パターンを選択して報知するようにしてもよいし、使用者によって予め指定されている劣化パターンを報知するようにしてもよい。 In addition, when the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern is both a "flow path blockage pattern" and a "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern," the notification processing unit 406 may notify that deterioration in the "flow path blockage pattern" and deterioration in the "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern" have occurred in the water heat exchanger 205, or may notify only one of the deterioration patterns. When notifying only one of the deterioration patterns, for example, a deterioration pattern with a greater degree of deterioration may be selected and notified, or a deterioration pattern designated in advance by the user may be notified.

　以上に例示したチラーシステム１００の制御装置４００によれば、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量と能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量との大小関係、及び、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差と推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差との大小関係に基づいて、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「流路閉塞パターン」であるのか「伝熱性阻害パターン」であるのかを判定することができる。また、水熱交換器２０５においては、「流路閉塞パターン」及び「伝熱性阻害パターン」の双方の劣化が同時に発生している場合も有り、そのような場合には、「流路閉塞パターン」及び「伝熱性阻害パターン」の双方の劣化パターンが同時に発生していることを判定することができる。これにより、水配管３０１内を流れる水と冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器２０５について、どのようなパターンで劣化しているのかを判定することができ、発生している劣化パターンに応じて、より適切な対処を行うことができる。 The control device 400 of the chiller system 100 illustrated above can determine whether the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern" or a "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern" based on the magnitude relationship between the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 and the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, and the magnitude relationship between the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination processing unit 403 and the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination processing unit 404. In addition, in the water heat exchanger 205, deterioration of both the "flow path blockage pattern" and the "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern" may occur simultaneously, and in such a case, it can be determined that both the deterioration patterns of the "flow path blockage pattern" and the "thermal conductivity inhibition pattern" have occurred simultaneously. This makes it possible to determine the pattern of deterioration in the water heat exchanger 205, which exchanges heat between the water flowing in the water pipe 301 and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208, and to take more appropriate measures depending on the deterioration pattern that has occurred.

　「流路閉塞パターン」及び「伝熱性阻害パターン」という２種類の劣化パターンについて、何れのパターンにおいても、最終的には水配管３０１内の流路が閉塞に至る。しかしながら、初期段階、つまり、流路が閉塞し始めた段階では、それぞれの劣化パターンについて次のような相違が認められる。即ち、「流路閉塞パターン」では、水配管３０１内を流れる水の圧力損失の増大が顕著であり、一方、「伝熱性阻害パターン」では、伝熱部２０５ａの伝熱性能の悪化が顕著である。 In both of the two types of deterioration patterns, the "flow path clogging pattern" and the "heat transfer inhibition pattern," the flow path in the water pipe 301 eventually becomes blocked. However, in the early stages, that is, when the flow path begins to become blocked, the following differences are observed between the two deterioration patterns. That is, in the "flow path clogging pattern," there is a significant increase in the pressure loss of the water flowing in the water pipe 301, while in the "heat transfer inhibition pattern," there is a significant deterioration in the heat transfer performance of the heat transfer section 205a.

　そのため、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量と能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量との大小関係を比較すれば、「流路閉塞パターン」が発生しているか否かを判断することができる。即ち、水配管３０１内にスケールが詰まると、当該水配管３０１内を流れる水の圧力損失が増大する。そして、水配管３０１内を流れる水の圧力損失が増大すると、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量は、圧力損失増大の影響を受けて大きくなりやすいが、能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量は、水熱交換器２０５の能力に基づくものであるから圧力損失増大の影響を受けにくく、従って、変化しにくい。そのため、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量が能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量よりも十分に大きい場合には、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「流路閉塞パターン」であると判定することができる。 Therefore, by comparing the magnitude relationship between the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 and the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, it is possible to determine whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred. In other words, when scale is clogged in the water pipe 301, the pressure loss of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 increases. When the pressure loss of the water flowing in the water pipe 301 increases, the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 tends to increase due to the increased pressure loss, but the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 is based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 and is therefore less susceptible to the increased pressure loss and therefore less likely to change. Therefore, when the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 is sufficiently larger than the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, it can be determined that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern".

　また、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差と推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差との大小関係を比較すれば、「伝熱性阻害パターン」が発生しているか否かを判断することができる。即ち、伝熱部２０５ａにスケールが付着すると、当該伝熱部２０５ａの伝熱性能が悪化する。そして、伝熱部２０５ａの伝熱性能が悪化すると、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差は、伝熱性能悪化の影響を受けて大きくなりやすいが、推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差は、水熱交換器２０５の能力に基づくものであるから伝熱性能悪化の影響を受けにくく、従って、変化しにくい。そのため、実温度差特定処理部４０３により特定される実温度差が推定温度差特定処理部４０４により特定される推定温度差よりも十分に大きい場合には、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「伝熱性阻害パターン」であると判定することができる。 In addition, by comparing the magnitude relationship between the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404, it is possible to determine whether a "heat transfer inhibition pattern" has occurred. That is, when scale adheres to the heat transfer unit 205a, the heat transfer performance of the heat transfer unit 205a deteriorates. When the heat transfer performance of the heat transfer unit 205a deteriorates, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 tends to become large due to the influence of the deterioration of the heat transfer performance, but the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404 is based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 and is therefore less susceptible to the influence of the deterioration of the heat transfer performance, and therefore is less likely to change. Therefore, when the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification processing unit 403 is sufficiently larger than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification processing unit 404, it can be determined that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "heat transfer inhibition pattern".

　以上の通り、本願は、流路閉塞の初期段階に認められる劣化パターンごとの顕著な相違に着目して、水熱交換器２０５が、どのようなパターンで劣化しているのかを判定できるようにした実施形態を開示するものである。 As described above, this application discloses an embodiment that focuses on the significant differences in the deterioration patterns observed in the early stages of flow path blockage, making it possible to determine the pattern in which the water heat exchanger 205 is deteriorating.

　（第２実施形態）
　図３に例示する制御装置４００は、能力流量特定処理部４０２に代えて、実流量特定処理部４０７を備えた構成である。制御装置４００は、劣化診断プログラムを実行することにより、実流量特定処理部４０７をソフトウェアにより仮想的に実現している。なお、実流量特定処理部４０７は、ハードウェアにより実現されていてもよいし、ソフトウェアとハードウェアの組み合わせにより実現されていてもよい。 Second Embodiment
The control device 400 illustrated in Fig. 3 is configured to include an actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 instead of the capacity flow rate identification processing unit 402. The control device 400 executes a degradation diagnosis program to virtually realize the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 by software. Note that the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by a combination of software and hardware.

　実流量特定処理部４０７は、実流量特定部の一例であり、実流量特定処理を実行可能である。実流量特定処理は、水配管３０１内を実際に流れる水の流量を実流量として特定する処理である。水配管３０１内を実際に流れる水の流量は、図４に例示する流量計３４１により検知することができる。この場合、流量計３４１は、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも上流側の部分に備えられているが、水配管３０１内を実際に流れる水の流量を検知可能な部位であれば、例えば、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５よりも下流側の部分に備えられていてもよいし、水配管３０１のうち水熱交換器２０５内の部分に備えられていてもよい。 The actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 is an example of an actual flow rate determination unit, and is capable of executing an actual flow rate determination process. The actual flow rate determination process is a process for determining the flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301 as the actual flow rate. The flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301 can be detected by a flow meter 341 as illustrated in FIG. 4. In this case, the flow meter 341 is provided in a portion of the water pipe 301 upstream of the water heat exchanger 205, but as long as the portion is capable of detecting the flow rate of water actually flowing in the water pipe 301, it may be provided in, for example, a portion of the water pipe 301 downstream of the water heat exchanger 205, or in a portion of the water pipe 301 within the water heat exchanger 205.

　劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量が実流量特定処理部４０７により特定される実流量よりも所定の基準量以上大きい場合には、水熱交換器２０５の劣化パターンが「流路閉塞パターン」であると判定する。 The deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger 205 is a "flow path blockage pattern" if the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit 401 is greater than the actual flow rate identified by the actual flow rate identification processing unit 407 by a predetermined reference amount or more.

　第２実施形態によっても、水配管３０１内を流れる水と冷媒配管２０８内を流れる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器２０５について、どのようなパターンで劣化しているのかを判定することができる。 The second embodiment also makes it possible to determine the pattern of deterioration of the water heat exchanger 205, which exchanges heat between the water flowing in the water pipe 301 and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 208.

　また、差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量を、推定値ではなく実測値と比較することができ、「流路閉塞パターン」が発生しているか否かを一層精度良く判定することができる。 In addition, the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401 can be compared with an actual measured value rather than an estimated value, making it possible to more accurately determine whether or not a "flow path blockage pattern" has occurred.

　なお、第２実施形態においては、制御装置４００は、能力流量特定処理部４０２とともに実流量特定処理部４０７を備え、能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量、及び、実流量特定処理部４０７により特定される実流量のうち何れかの流量値を適宜選択して差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量と比較するようにしてもよい。あるいは、能力流量特定処理部４０２により特定される能力流量と実流量特定処理部４０７により特定される実流量について例えば平均値、中央値、最大値、最小値等を特定し、その特定した値を差圧流量特定処理部４０１により特定される差圧流量と比較するようにしてもよい。 In the second embodiment, the control device 400 may be provided with an actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 along with the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402, and any one of the flow rate values of the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 and the actual flow rate determined by the actual flow rate determination processing unit 407 may be appropriately selected and compared with the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401. Alternatively, for example, the average value, median value, maximum value, minimum value, etc. may be determined for the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination processing unit 402 and the actual flow rate determined by the actual flow rate determination processing unit 407, and the determined value may be compared with the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination processing unit 401.

　（第３実施形態）
　図５に例示するチラーシステム１００は、１つの利用側ユニット３００に対し複数、この場合、２つの冷凍サイクルユニット２００を備える構成であり、換言すれば、１つの水配管３０１に対し複数、この場合、２つの冷媒配管２０８が対応付けられている構成である。 Third Embodiment
The chiller system 100 illustrated in Figure 5 is configured to have multiple, in this case two, refrigeration cycle units 200 for one user unit 300, in other words, multiple, in this case two, refrigerant pipes 208 corresponding to one water pipe 301.

　この構成例においては、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、一方の冷媒配管２０８と水配管３０１との関係において推定された水熱交換器２０５の能力を用いて劣化パターンを判定することが可能であり、また、他方の冷媒配管２０８と水配管３０１との関係において推定された水熱交換器２０５の能力を用いて劣化パターンを判定することも可能である。 In this configuration example, the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 can determine the deterioration pattern using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between one refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301, and can also determine the deterioration pattern using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between the other refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301.

　そして、報知処理部４０６は、一方の冷媒配管２０８と水配管３０１との関係において推定された水熱交換器２０５の能力を用いて劣化パターンが判定された場合には、その一方の冷媒配管２０８との関係で劣化が発生していることを報知することができる。また、報知処理部４０６は、他方の冷媒配管２０８と水配管３０１との関係において推定された水熱交換器２０５の能力を用いて劣化パターンが判定された場合には、その他方の冷媒配管２０８との関係で劣化が発生していることを報知することができる。即ち、この構成例によれば、複数の冷媒配管２０８のうちどの冷媒配管２０８との関係で水熱交換器２０５に劣化が発生しているのかを特定することができ、ひいては、複数の冷凍サイクルユニット２００のうちどの冷凍サイクルユニット２００との関係で水熱交換器２０５に劣化が発生しているのかを特定することができる。 Then, when a deterioration pattern is determined using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between one refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the relationship with the one refrigerant pipe 208. Also, when a deterioration pattern is determined using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in the relationship between the other refrigerant pipe 208 and the water pipe 301, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the relationship with the other refrigerant pipe 208. That is, according to this configuration example, it is possible to identify which of the multiple refrigerant pipes 208 the water heat exchanger 205 is in relation to, and ultimately to identify which of the multiple refrigeration cycle units 200 the water heat exchanger 205 is in relation to.

　また、報知処理部４０６は、複数の冷媒配管２０８のうち何れか１つの冷媒配管２０８と水配管３０１との関係において推定された水熱交換器２０５の能力を用いて劣化パターンが判定された場合であっても、その他の冷媒配管２０８を含む複数の冷媒配管２０８全体との関係で水熱交換器２０５に劣化が発生していることを報知するようにしてもよい。 In addition, even if the deterioration pattern is determined using the capacity of the water heat exchanger 205 estimated in relation to the relationship between any one of the multiple refrigerant pipes 208 and the water pipe 301, the notification processing unit 406 may be configured to notify that deterioration has occurred in the water heat exchanger 205 in relation to all of the multiple refrigerant pipes 208, including the other refrigerant pipes 208.

　（第４実施形態）
　図６に例示するチラーシステム１００は、１つの水配管３０１上に複数、この場合、２つの水熱交換器２０５が直列に接続された構成である。水配管３０１のうち複数の水熱交換器２０５の間の部分には、中間水圧計３２３と中間水温計３３３が設けられている。即ち、第４実施形態の構成例は、上述した第１実施形態に例示した構成が複数、この場合、２つ直列に接続された構成となっている。この構成例によれば、劣化パターン判定処理部４０５は、複数の水熱交換器２０５ごとに、それぞれ劣化パターンを判定することができる。 Fourth Embodiment
The chiller system 100 illustrated in Fig. 6 has a configuration in which a plurality of water heat exchangers 205, in this case two, are connected in series on a single water pipe 301. An intermediate water pressure gauge 323 and an intermediate water temperature gauge 333 are provided in a portion of the water pipe 301 between the plurality of water heat exchangers 205. That is, the configuration example of the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which a plurality of the configurations exemplified in the above-mentioned first embodiment, in this case two, are connected in series. According to this configuration example, the deterioration pattern determination processing unit 405 can determine the deterioration pattern for each of the plurality of water heat exchangers 205.

　そして、報知処理部４０６は、一方の水熱交換器２０５について劣化パターンが判定された場合には、その一方の水熱交換器２０５に劣化が発生していることを報知することができる。また、報知処理部４０６は、他方の水熱交換器２０５について劣化パターンが判定された場合には、その他方の水熱交換器２０５に劣化が発生していることを報知することができる。即ち、この構成例によれば、どの水熱交換器２０５が劣化しているのかを特定することができる。 Then, when a deterioration pattern is determined for one of the water heat exchangers 205, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in that one water heat exchanger 205. Furthermore, when a deterioration pattern is determined for the other water heat exchanger 205, the notification processing unit 406 can notify that deterioration has occurred in the other water heat exchanger 205. In other words, according to this configuration example, it is possible to identify which water heat exchanger 205 has deteriorated.

　また、報知処理部４０６は、複数の水熱交換器２０５のうち何れか１つの水熱交換器２０５に劣化パターンが判定された場合であっても、その他の水熱交換器２０５を含む複数の水熱交換器２０５群全体に劣化が発生していることを報知するようにしてもよい。 In addition, even if a deterioration pattern is determined for any one of the multiple water heat exchangers 205, the notification processing unit 406 may be configured to notify that deterioration has occurred in the entire group of multiple water heat exchangers 205, including the other water heat exchangers 205.

　（その他の実施形態）
　なお、本実施形態は、上述した複数の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更や拡張等を行うことができる。例えば、上述した複数の実施形態のうち少なくとも２つ以上の実施形態を適宜組み合わせた実施形態としてもよい。また、差圧流量、能力流量、実温度差、推定温度差は、上述した特定手法に限られず、各種の周知の手法を用いて特定することができる。 Other Embodiments
This embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications and extensions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, an embodiment may be made by appropriately combining at least two or more of the above-mentioned embodiments. In addition, the differential pressure flow rate, the capacity flow rate, the actual temperature difference, and the estimated temperature difference are not limited to the above-mentioned identification methods, and can be identified using various well-known methods.

　以上、本発明の複数の実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、あくまでも例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これらの新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の省略、置き換え、変更等を行うことができる。本実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、請求の範囲に記載された発明及びその均等の範囲に含まれる。 Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented merely as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, modifications, etc. can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are within the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims.

　図面中、２０５は水熱交換器、２０５ａは伝熱部、２０８は冷媒配管、３０１は水配管、４００は制御装置（水熱交換器の劣化診断装置）、４０１は差圧流量特定処理部（差圧流量特定部）、４０２は能力流量特定処理部（能力流量特定部）、４０３は実温度差特定処理部（実温度差特定部）、４０４は推定温度差特定処理部（推定温度差特定部）、４０５は劣化パターン判定処理部（劣化パターン判定部）、４０７は実流量特定処理部（実流量特定部）を示す。
  In the drawing, 205 indicates a water heat exchanger, 205a indicates a heat transfer section, 208 indicates a refrigerant piping, 301 indicates a water piping, 400 indicates a control device (water heat exchanger deterioration diagnosis device), 401 indicates a differential pressure flow rate identification processing unit (differential pressure flow rate identification unit), 402 indicates a capacity flow rate identification processing unit (capacity flow rate identification unit), 403 indicates an actual temperature difference identification processing unit (actual temperature difference identification unit), 404 indicates an estimated temperature difference identification processing unit (estimated temperature difference identification unit), 405 indicates a deterioration pattern determination processing unit (deterioration pattern determination unit), and 407 indicates an actual flow rate identification processing unit (actual flow rate identification unit).

Claims (3)

　水が流れる水配管と冷媒が流れる冷媒配管との間に伝熱部を備え、前記水配管内を流れる水と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒との間で前記伝熱部を介して熱交換を行う水熱交換器と、
　前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも上流側における水の圧力と、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも下流側における水の圧力との圧力差より推定した流量を差圧流量として特定する差圧流量特定部と、
　前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて前記水配管内を流れる水の流量を推定し、その推定した流量を能力流量として特定する能力流量特定部と、
　前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を実温度差として特定する実温度差特定部と、
　前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて推定し、その推定した温度差を推定温度差として特定する推定温度差特定部と、
　前記差圧流量特定部により特定される前記差圧流量、前記能力流量特定部により特定される前記能力流量、前記実温度差特定部により特定される前記実温度差、前記推定温度差特定部により特定される前記推定温度差に基づいて、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンを判定する劣化パターン判定部と、
を備え、
　前記劣化パターン判定部は、
　前記差圧流量特定部により特定される前記差圧流量が前記能力流量特定部により特定される前記能力流量よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記水配管内が閉塞している流路閉塞パターンであると判定し、
　前記実温度差特定部により特定される前記実温度差が前記推定温度差特定部により特定される前記推定温度差よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記伝熱部の伝熱性が阻害されている伝熱性阻害パターンであると判定する水熱交換器の劣化診断装置。 a water heat exchanger including a heat transfer unit between a water pipe through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and performing heat exchange between the water flowing in the water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe via the heat transfer unit;
a differential pressure flow rate determination unit that determines a flow rate estimated from a pressure difference between a water pressure in the water pipe upstream of the water heat exchanger and a water pressure in the water pipe downstream of the water heat exchanger as a differential pressure flow rate;
a capacity flow rate specification unit that estimates a flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe based on a capacity of the water heat exchanger and specifies the estimated flow rate as a capacity flow rate;
an actual temperature difference specifying unit that specifies a temperature difference between a temperature of the water flowing through the water pipe and a temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe as an actual temperature difference;
an estimated temperature difference specifying unit that estimates a temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe based on a capacity of the water heat exchanger and specifies the estimated temperature difference as an estimated temperature difference;
a deterioration pattern determination unit that determines a deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determination unit, the capacity flow rate determined by the capacity flow rate determination unit, the actual temperature difference determined by the actual temperature difference determination unit, and the estimated temperature difference determined by the estimated temperature difference determination unit; and
Equipped with
The deterioration pattern determination unit is
When the differential pressure flow rate specified by the differential pressure flow rate specifying unit is greater than the capacity flow rate specified by the capacity flow rate specifying unit, it is determined that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a flow path blockage pattern in which the water pipe is blocked,
A deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger that, when the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification unit is greater than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification unit, determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the thermal transfer performance of the heat transfer section is inhibited. 　前記水配管内を実際に流れる水の流量を実流量として特定する実流量特定部を備え、
　前記劣化パターン判定部は、
　前記差圧流量特定部により特定される前記差圧流量が前記実流量特定部により特定される前記実流量よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが前記流路閉塞パターンであると判定する請求項１に記載の水熱交換器の劣化診断装置。 An actual flow rate specification unit that specifies the flow rate of water actually flowing through the water pipe as an actual flow rate,
The deterioration pattern determination unit is
A deterioration diagnosis device for a water heat exchanger as described in claim 1, wherein when the differential pressure flow rate determined by the differential pressure flow rate determining unit is greater than the actual flow rate determined by the actual flow rate determining unit, the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is determined to be the flow path blockage pattern. 　水が流れる水配管と冷媒が流れる冷媒配管との間に伝熱部を備え、前記水配管内を流れる水と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒との間で前記伝熱部を介して熱交換を行う水熱交換器の劣化を診断する方法であって、
　前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも上流側における水の圧力と、前記水配管のうち前記水熱交換器よりも下流側における水の圧力との圧力差より推定した流量を差圧流量として特定する差圧流量特定処理と、
　前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて前記水配管内を流れる水の流量を推定し、その推定した流量を能力流量として特定する能力流量特定処理と、
　前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を実温度差として特定する実温度差特定処理と、
　前記水配管内を流れる水の温度と前記冷媒配管内を流れる冷媒の温度との温度差を前記水熱交換器の能力に基づいて推定し、その推定した温度差を推定温度差として特定する推定温度差特定処理と、
　前記差圧流量特定処理により特定される前記差圧流量、前記能力流量特定処理により特定される前記能力流量、前記実温度差特定処理により特定される前記実温度差、前記推定温度差特定処理により特定される前記推定温度差に基づいて、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンを判定する劣化パターン判定処理と、
を含み、
　前記劣化パターン判定処理では、
　前記差圧流量特定処理により特定される前記差圧流量が前記能力流量特定処理により特定される前記能力流量よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記水配管内が閉塞している流路閉塞パターンであると判定し、
　前記実温度差特定処理により特定される前記実温度差が前記推定温度差特定処理により特定される前記推定温度差よりも大きい場合には、前記水熱交換器の劣化パターンが、前記伝熱部の伝熱性が阻害されている伝熱性阻害パターンであると判定する水熱交換器の劣化診断方法。 A method for diagnosing deterioration of a water heat exchanger that includes a heat transfer unit between a water pipe through which water flows and a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and that performs heat exchange between the water flowing in the water pipe and the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe via the heat transfer unit, comprising:
A differential pressure flow rate determination process that determines a flow rate estimated from a pressure difference between a water pressure on the upstream side of the water heat exchanger in the water piping and a water pressure on the downstream side of the water heat exchanger in the water piping as a differential pressure flow rate;
A capacity flow rate determination process for estimating a flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe based on the capacity of the water heat exchanger and determining the estimated flow rate as a capacity flow rate;
an actual temperature difference determination process for determining a temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing through the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe as an actual temperature difference;
an estimated temperature difference determination process for estimating a temperature difference between the temperature of the water flowing through the water pipe and the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe based on a capacity of the water heat exchanger, and determining the estimated temperature difference as an estimated temperature difference;
a deterioration pattern determination process for determining a deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger based on the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification process, the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification process, the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification process, and the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification process;
Including,
In the deterioration pattern determination process,
When the differential pressure flow rate identified by the differential pressure flow rate identification process is greater than the capacity flow rate identified by the capacity flow rate identification process, it is determined that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a flow path blockage pattern in which the water pipe is blocked,
A deterioration diagnosis method for a water heat exchanger, which determines that the deterioration pattern of the water heat exchanger is a heat transfer inhibition pattern in which the thermal transfer performance of the heat transfer section is inhibited if the actual temperature difference identified by the actual temperature difference identification process is greater than the estimated temperature difference identified by the estimated temperature difference identification process.
PCT/JP2024/024261 2023-07-31 2024-07-04 Deterioration diagnosis device for water heat exchanger, and deterioration diagnosis method for water heat exchanger Pending WO2025028151A1 (en)

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JP2005345046A (en) * 2004-06-07 2005-12-15 Hitachi Ltd Deterioration diagnosis system for heat source equipment
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