WO2024230733A1 - Bone pin guiding and locking assembly and fixing system comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a bone pin guiding and locking assembly and a fixing system comprising same. The bone pin guiding and locking assembly comprises a guide tube and a locking member; a locking hole communicated with the cavity of the guide tube is formed in the wall of the guide tube; the locking member is located in the locking hole; and the locking member can be driven to partially enter the cavity of the guide tube. The fixing system comprises a bone plate, bone pins, and bone pin guiding and locking assemblies; fixing through holes are formed in the bone plate; one end of each guide tube is fixedly connected to a corresponding fixing through hole; each bone pin is provided in the cavity of a corresponding guide tube; and each locking member can be driven to press against the corresponding bone pin. According to the present application, the risk of fracture displacement when a fracture is fixed by bone pins is reduced; the surgical risk of temporarily fixing the fracture by a doctor through the bone pins is reduced; the effect of the bone pins on the placement of a bone plate is avoided; the length of the bone pins entering a medullary cavity is shortened, such that technology of temporarily fixing the fracture through the bone pins is not limited in the application scenario of treating the fracture through an intramedullary nail; and the stability of the present application is superior to that of fixing the fracture through a plurality of Kirschner wires.

Description

A bone needle guide locking assembly and fixing system thereof Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical fracture fixation, and in particular to a bone needle guiding locking assembly and a fixation system thereof.

Background Art

In clinical work, some fractures are obviously displaced and usually require surgical treatment. During the operation, after the doctor reduces the fracture, he needs to use tools such as hands, bone pins, and reduction forceps to initially establish the stability of the fracture site. Next, he uses fluoroscopy, direct vision and other techniques to judge the quality of fracture reduction from multiple angles. Finally, he uses external fixators, intramedullary nails, bone plates and other instruments to accurately establish the stability of the fracture site. In the process of completing the fracture reduction to establishing the final stability of the fracture site, the fracture is prone to displace again, which affects the quality of the operation and the patient's healing.

During the surgical treatment of fractures, doctors need to restore the displaced fractures to normal position and alignment. At this time, the fracture is in an unstable state and needs to be temporarily fixed with bone pins, reduction forceps, etc. to lay the foundation for the subsequent surgical operation. However, the use of bone pins, reduction forceps and other tools to temporarily fix the fracture requires a certain amount of time and good surgical skills, and the use of bone pins, reduction forceps and other tools at the fracture site will produce additional force. These factors combined make it a common clinical phenomenon that the fracture is displaced again during temporary fixation. Another problem is that sometimes the use of bone pins, reduction forceps and other tools to temporarily fix the fracture does not provide sufficient mechanical stability, which causes the fracture to be displaced again during the subsequent operations, such as fluoroscopy in different positions, implantation of intramedullary nails and bone plates, etc. When the fracture is displaced again, it will increase the operation time and trauma, and reduce the therapeutic effect of the operation.

Therefore, considering the above-mentioned existing clinical technical problems, it is necessary to propose new innovations.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the deficiencies in the prior art, so a bone needle guide locking assembly and a fixing system thereof are proposed, and the specific scheme is as follows:

A bone needle guide locking assembly, comprising a guide tube and a locking piece, wherein the guide tube is a hollow tubular structure, a locking hole is arranged on the tube wall of the guide tube, the locking hole is communicated with the tube cavity of the guide tube, the locking piece is located in the locking hole, and the locking piece can be driven to at least partially enter into the lumen of the guide tube.

Furthermore, the locking piece is threadedly connected to the locking hole.

Furthermore, a first protrusion structure or a first groove structure is provided at one end of the locking member away from the guide tube cavity.

Furthermore, it also includes a sliding sleeve, which is a hollow tubular structure. The sliding sleeve is arranged on the guide tube, and the locking piece extends out of the tube wall of the guide tube. The sliding sleeve can be driven to move to the locking hole, and the locking piece is driven to move into the tube cavity of the guide tube during the movement of the sliding sleeve.

Furthermore, the lumen of the sliding sleeve includes a cylindrical cavity portion and a conical cavity portion along the axial direction, the cylindrical cavity portion is connected to the small-diameter port of the conical cavity portion, the large-diameter port of the conical cavity portion of the sliding sleeve faces the locking piece, the locking piece is driven to move to the locking hole, and the conical cavity portion drives the locking piece to move toward the lumen of the guide tube.

Furthermore, the portion of the sliding sleeve extending out of the guide tube is provided with an inclined surface, the locking member is driven to move to the locking hole, and the sliding member squeezes the inclined surface to drive the locking member to move into the lumen of the guide tube.

Furthermore, the sliding sleeve is threadedly connected to the guide tube.

Furthermore, a tube wall at one end of the guide tube is provided with a threaded structure.

Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the wall of the guide tube portion is non-circular; and/or

The other end of the guide tube is provided with a second protrusion structure or a second groove structure.

Furthermore, at least one strip-shaped slit is provided on the tube wall of the guide tube, the strip-shaped groove is communicated with the tube cavity of the guide tube, and the strip-shaped groove runs through at least one end of the guide tube.

A fixation system comprises a bone plate, a bone pin and the above-mentioned bone pin guide locking assembly, wherein the bone plate is provided with a fixing through hole, one end of the guide tube is fixedly connected to the fixing through hole, the bone pin is arranged in the lumen of the guide tube, and the locking piece can be driven into the lumen of the guide tube to press the bone pin.

Furthermore, a limiting member is also provided on the bone needle.

Furthermore, it also includes a special tool, which includes a handle and a tool rod, one end of the tool rod is connected to the handle, and the other end of the tool rod is provided with an action structure.

A fixation system comprises a guide tube, a bone plate and a bone pin, wherein the guide tube is a hollow tubular structure, the bone plate is provided with a fixing through hole, one end of the guide tube is fixedly connected to the fixing through hole Then, the bone needle is arranged in the lumen of the guide tube, and the bone needle is threadedly connected to the guide tube.

Furthermore, the guide tube is threadedly connected to the fixing through hole.

Furthermore, a limiting member is also provided on the bone needle.

Furthermore, the bone needle has a needle tip and a rod along the axial direction, the rod is threadedly connected to the guide tube, and the needle tip is a pyramid structure.

Furthermore, the bone needle is provided with an external thread structure on the surface of the shaft near the needle tip.

Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the wall of the guide tube portion is non-circular.

Furthermore, a protrusion structure or a groove structure is provided at one end of the guide tube away from the bone plate.

Furthermore, it also includes a special tool, which includes a handle and a tool rod, one end of the tool rod is connected to the handle, and the other end of the tool rod is provided with an action structure.

Furthermore, the action structure matches the protrusion structure or the groove structure on the guide tube.

Compared with the prior art, the bone needle guide locking assembly and the fixing system thereof of the present application have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

1. Quickly establish initial stability at the fracture site and reduce the risk of fracture displacement during this process: Tighten the locking piece or sliding set on the guide tube with a matching special screwdriver to quickly establish initial stability at both ends of the fracture through bone pins, guide locking components and bone plates.

Second, it is flexible to use. The number of lockers can be increased according to the needs of the next surgical operation to increase the reliability of temporary fixation of fractures.

3. Good adaptability does not affect the use of existing temporary fixation technology for fracture ends. For example, existing tools such as point reduction forceps can be used at the fracture site to further increase the reliability of temporary fixation of the fracture.

4. The surgical technique requirements are low. When using bone pins, reduction forceps and other tools to temporarily fix fractures, it is necessary to carefully study the characteristics of the fracture, and to insert bone pins or use reduction forceps to clamp the fracture ends at a certain angle and appropriate position in a short period of time. This requires good surgical techniques and clinical experience. However, in this system, you only need to determine the position of the bone plate, and then insert the bone pin through the bone pin guide locking assembly on the bone plate. There is no need to consider the angle and position of the bone pin. In addition, the limiter can well control the depth of the bone pin entering the bone, reducing the incidence of bone pin piercing important structures around it.

5. Reduce the risk of displacement during temporary fixation of fractures: the doctor places the fixation plate on the The bone pins are inserted into the target bone at the appropriate fracture position, and the guide tube is used to guide the bone pins on both sides of the fracture. The bone pins are threadedly connected to the guide tubes, so that when the bone pins are implanted in the target bone, the bone pins and the fixation plate are locked and connected, forming a reliable structure at the fracture site simply and quickly, reducing the operation time and difficulty of bone pin puncture and fracture fixation, and reducing the risk of bone pin displacement during fracture fixation.

6. Reduce the surgical risk of doctors using bone pins to temporarily fix fractures: By setting a limiter on the bone pin, the length of the bone pin inserted into the bone can be effectively controlled, reducing the incidence of bone pins piercing surrounding blood vessels and nerves;

7. Improved the stability of temporary fixation of fractures: The bone pin-guide tube-fixation plate structure forms angle stability at both ends of the fracture, reducing the recurrence of displacement during the process of fluoroscopy, bone plate and intramedullary nail implantation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bone fracture plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bone needle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bone needle guide locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide tube provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone needle having an external thread structure disposed on the surface of the stem near the needle tip provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone needle guide locking assembly when a locking member extends out of the guide tube wall according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone needle guide locking assembly provided with a sliding sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding sleeve having a polygonal cylindrical shape at one end away from the bone plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the sliding member shown in FIG8 ;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a bone needle guide locking assembly when the lumen of the sliding sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present application is composed of a cylindrical cavity and a conical cavity;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a bone needle guide locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application when the portion of the locking member extending out of the guide tube is provided with an inclined surface;

FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone needle guide locking assembly when the slide sleeve and the guide tube are locked by a first locking member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the limiter on the bone needle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tool provided with a multi-prism-shaped limiting groove structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tool provided with a multi-prism-shaped limiting protrusion structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tool provided with a cross-shaped limiting protrusion structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the bone pin guide locking assembly and the bone plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the bone pin guide locking assembly and the bone plate and the target bone provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the fixation system provided by an embodiment of the present application and the target bone;

FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bone needle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide tube provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the guide tube shown in FIG3 ;

FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone needle having an external thread structure disposed on the surface of the stem near the needle tip provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the limiter on the bone needle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the guide tube and the fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG27 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the guide tube and the fixing plate provided in an embodiment of the present application and the target bone;

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the installation position between the fracture fixation device and the target bone provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Among them, 1-bone needle guide locking assembly, 11-guide tube, 111-locking hole, 112-second protrusion structure, 113-first threaded structure, 12-locking member, 121-first groove structure, 13-sliding sleeve, 131-cylindrical cavity, 132-conical cavity, 133-first locking hole, 134-first locking member, 14-fourth threaded structure, 2-bone plate, 21-fixing through hole, 211-second threaded structure, 3-bone needle, 31-needle tip, 32-rod, 33-third Threaded structure, 34-fifth threaded structure, 35-sixth threaded structure, 4-limiting piece, 41-second locking hole, 42-second locking piece, 5-special tool, 51-handle, 52-tool rod, 53-action structure, 6-skeleton.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

Embodiment 1

This embodiment provides a fixation system, which includes a bone plate 2, a bone pin 3 and a bone pin guiding and locking assembly 1.

The bone plate 2 is provided with at least two fixing through holes 21 at intervals along the length direction, as shown in Fig. 1. The bone fracture fixation system comprises at least two groups of bone pin guiding and locking assemblies 1 and bone pins 3, preferably two groups.

The bone needle 3 has a needle tip 31 and a rod 32 along the axial direction, as shown in FIG2 . The needle tip 31 is a pyramid structure, such as a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid or other multi-sided pyramids. The conical end of the needle tip 31 can be blunt, which is beneficial to protect the important tissues around the bone 6. The conical end of the needle tip 31 can also be sharp, which is more conducive to the bone needle 3 to penetrate the bone 6. The bone needle 3 has a fast implantation speed and causes little damage to the bone 6, which lays a foundation for resetting the fracture and adjusting the positional relationship between the bone 6 and the bone plate 2, and helps to improve the quality of the operation, so the bone needle 3 becomes the best choice to replace the screw.

The bone needle guide locking assembly 1 includes a guide tube 11 and a locking member 12, as shown in FIG3 . The guide tube 11 is a hollow tubular structure, as shown in FIG4 . One end of the guide tube 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed through hole 21, and the guide tube 11 is arranged vertically with the bone plate 2. Preferably, the guide tube 11 is threadedly connected with the fixed through hole 21, that is, an external thread structure is arranged on the wall of one end of the guide tube 11, which is defined as a first thread structure 113, and an internal thread structure matching the first thread structure 113 is arranged on the wall of the fixed through hole 21, which is defined as a second thread structure 211, and one end of the guide tube 11 is fixedly connected with the fixed through hole 21 through the first thread structure 113 and the second thread structure 211. The bone needle 3 is arranged in the lumen of the guide tube 11. A locking hole 111 is arranged on the wall of the guide tube 11, and the locking hole 111 is connected with the lumen of the guide tube 11. The locking member 12 is located in the locking hole 111, and the locking member 12 can be driven At least part of the bone needle 3 is moved into the lumen of the guide tube 11 to tighten the bone needle 3. In the specific implementation, the bone needle guide locking assembly 1 is first pre-installed on the bone plate 2, and then the bone plate 2 is placed on the fracture of the target bone 6, and the bone plate 2 is fitted with the target bone 6; then one of the bone needles 3 is inserted into the guide tube 11 of one of the bone needle guide locking assemblies 1, and its needle tip 31 is implanted into the bone 6 part on one side of the fracture; another bone needle 3 is inserted into the guide tube 11 of another bone needle guide locking assembly 1, and its needle tip 31 is implanted into the bone 6 part on the other side of the fracture. When the two bone needle guide locking assemblies 1 respectively lock the corresponding bone needles 3, the bone plate 2 can be fixed on the target bone 6. The bone needle guide locking assembly 1 and the bone plate 2 form a locking frame structure, which provides reliable temporary stability for the fracture end and lays a physical foundation for further operations.

The surface of the bone needle 3 may be smooth or matte, preferably matte, so that the locking member 12 can better tighten the bone needle 3. Further preferably, the bone needle 3 may be provided with an external thread structure on the surface of its rod 32 near its needle tip 31, which is defined as a third thread structure 33, as shown in FIG5 , so as to increase the riveting effect of the bone needle 3 in the bone 6.

The outer side of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface. The inner side of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface.

In one embodiment, the locking member 12 is threadedly connected to the locking hole 111. By rotating the locking member 12, the locking member 12 can be driven into the lumen of the guide tube 11 and tighten the bone needle 3, thereby achieving the locking between the guide tube 11 and the bone needle 3. The end of the locking member 12 away from the lumen of the guide tube 11 can be provided with a setting structure, so that the locking member 12 can be more conveniently rotated with a tool. For example, the setting structure can be a groove structure of a set shape, which is defined as a first groove structure 121. The first groove structure 121 can penetrate the locking member 12 or not. The first groove structure 121 can be, for example, a polygonal groove structure as shown in FIG. 3, or other similar groove structures that can be manipulated by tools, such as plum blossom, star, cross, etc.; for another example, the setting structure can also be a convex structure of a set shape, which is defined as a first convex structure. The first protrusion structure may be, for example, a polygonal protrusion structure, or a plum blossom-shaped, star-shaped, cross-shaped or other similar protrusion structure that can be manipulated by a tool.

In another embodiment, the locking member 12 is slidably arranged between the locking hole 111. The bone needle guide locking assembly 1 further includes a sliding sleeve 13, which is a hollow tubular structure. On the guide tube 11, as shown in Figure 5. The locking piece 12 extends out of the outer side of the tube wall of the guide tube 11, as shown in Figure 6. The sliding sleeve 13 can be driven to move to the locking hole 111, and the locking piece 12 is driven to move toward the tube cavity of the guide tube 11 during the movement of the sliding sleeve 13. The outer side of the tube wall of the sliding sleeve 13 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface. The radial cross-sectional shape of at least part of the sliding sleeve 13 is preferably non-circular, such as shown in Figure 7, the sliding sleeve 13 is a polygonal prism; for example, as shown in Figure 8, the end of the sliding sleeve 13 away from the bone plate 2 is a polygonal prism, etc.

In a further embodiment, the lumen of the sliding sleeve 13 includes a cylindrical cavity 131 and a conical cavity 132 along the axial direction, and the cylindrical cavity 131 is connected to the small-diameter port of the conical cavity 132, as shown in FIG9. When the sliding sleeve 13 is sleeved on the guide tube 11, the large-diameter port of the conical cavity 132 faces the locking member 12, as shown in FIG10. When the sliding sleeve 13 is driven to move to the locking hole 111, the cavity wall of the conical cavity 132 will constrain and squeeze the locking member 12, driving the locking member 12 to move into the lumen of the guide tube 11.

In another further embodiment, the portion of the locking member 12 extending out of the guide tube 11 is provided with an inclined surface. The sliding sleeve 13 may be a tubular cavity structure of only a cylindrical cavity as shown in FIG. 11. When the locking member 12 is driven to move to the locking hole 111, the cavity wall of the sliding member will squeeze the inclined surface to drive the locking member 12 to move into the tubular cavity of the guide tube 11. In another embodiment, the sliding member may also be a tubular cavity composed of a cylindrical cavity portion 131 and a conical cavity portion 132 as described in the previous embodiment. Similarly, when the sliding sleeve 13 is sleeved on the guide tube 11, the large-diameter port of the conical cavity portion 132 faces the locking member 12. Then, when the locking member 12 is driven to move to the locking hole 111, the cavity wall of the conical cavity portion 132 will squeeze the inclined surface to drive the locking member 12 to move into the tubular cavity of the guide tube 11.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the sliding sleeve 13 is preferably threadedly connected to the guide tube 11, and the sliding sleeve 13 can be moved on the guide tube 11 along the axial direction by rotating the sliding sleeve 13. Of course, the connection method between the sliding sleeve 13 and the guide tube 11 is not limited to threaded connection. For example, the sliding sleeve can be slidably mounted on the guide tube 11 and then locked with the sliding sleeve 13 by a locking member. As shown in FIG12 , a locking hole is provided in the tube wall of the sliding sleeve 13, which is defined as a first locking hole 133. The first locking hole 133 is connected to the tube cavity of the sliding sleeve 13. A locking member is provided in the first locking hole 133, which is defined as a first locking member 134. The first locking member 134 is threadedly connected to the first locking hole 133, and the sliding sleeve 134 can be driven by rotating the first locking member 134. The first locking member 134 enters the lumen of the sliding sleeve 13. In a specific implementation, when the sliding sleeve 13 is slid to the locking hole 111 and the locking member 12 is pressed against the bone needle 3, the first locking member 134 is rotated to enter the lumen of the sliding sleeve 13 and press against the guide tube 11, so that the sliding sleeve 13 and the guide tube 11 can be locked. The specific structure of the first locking member 134 can refer to the locking member 12, which will not be repeated here.

In a further embodiment, the fixing system further comprises a stopper 4. The stopper 4 is fixedly arranged on the bone needle 3, as shown in FIG13 . The size of the stopper 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide tube 11, so as to ensure that when the bone needle 3 is inserted into the lumen of the guide tube 11, the stopper 4 abuts against one end of the guide tube 11, thereby playing a limiting role. In specific implementation, the operator can select the fixed position of the stopper 4 on the bone needle 3 as needed, so as to facilitate the operator to better control the length of the bone needle 3 driven into the bone 6. The stopper 4 is preferably a hollow tubular structure. The radial cross-sectional shape of the stopper 4 can be any shape, such as a circle or polygon or other non-circular shapes. The lumen of the stopper 4 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface. The tube wall of the stopper 4 is provided with a locking hole, which is defined as a second locking hole 41, and the second locking hole 41 is connected to the lumen of the stopper 4. The second locking hole 41 is provided with a locking member, which is defined as a second locking member 42. The second locking member 42 can be driven to press against the bone needle 3 in the lumen of the stopper 4, thereby locking the stopper 4 and the bone needle 3. For example, as shown in FIG13 , the second locking member 42 is preferably threadedly connected to the second locking hole 41. By rotating the second locking member 42, the second locking member 42 can be driven into the lumen of the stopper 4 and press against the bone needle 3. The specific structure of the second locking member 42 can refer to the locking member 12, which will not be described here.

In a further embodiment, the end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2 may also be provided with a setting structure so that the guide tube 11 can be more conveniently rotated with a tool. For example, the setting structure may be a convex structure of a set shape, which is defined as a second convex structure 112. The second convex structure 112 may be, for example, a polygonal convex structure as shown in FIG. 3 or 4, or a plum blossom-shaped, star-shaped, cross-shaped or other similar convex structure that can be manipulated with a tool. For another example, the setting structure may also be a groove structure of a set shape, which is defined as a second groove structure. The second groove structure may be, for example, a polygonal convex structure, or a plum blossom-shaped, star-shaped, cross-shaped or other similar groove structure that can be manipulated with a tool. In another further embodiment, part of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 may also be set to have a non-circular radial cross-sectional shape, which makes it easier to use a tool to rotate the guide tube 11. For example, the radial cross-sectional shape of the part of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 close to the bone plate 2 is polygonal, That is, the wall of the guide tube 11 near the bone plate 2 is a polygonal column structure, and the guide tube 11 can be rotated by using a tool such as a wrench through the polygonal column structure.

In a further embodiment, the fixing system further comprises a special tool 5. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, a special tool 5 is schematically shown, which comprises a handle 51 and a tool rod 52, one end of the tool rod 52 is connected to the handle 51, and the other end of the tool rod 52 is provided with an action structure 53. The action structure 53 may be a position-limiting groove structure matching the shape of the first protruding structure on the locking member 12, as shown in FIG. 14; or a position-limiting protruding structure matching the shape of the first groove structure 121 on the locking member 12, as shown in FIG. 15 or FIG. 16. When rotating the locking member 12, the position-limiting groove structure on the special tool 5 is sleeved on the corresponding first protruding structure, or the position-limiting protruding structure on the special tool 5 is inserted into the corresponding first groove structure 121, and then the locking member 12 can be rotated by rotating the special tool 5 along the axis. Similarly, the first locking member 134 or the second locking member 42 is also the same, which will not be repeated here.

The action structure 53 may also be a limiting groove structure that matches the shape of one end of the sliding sleeve 13 away from the bone plate 2, and the inner diameter of the limiting groove structure is larger than the size of the limiting member 4. The limiting groove structure of the special tool 5 is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 13, and then the sliding sleeve 13 can be rotated by rotating the special tool 5 along the axis.

The action structure 53 may also be a position-limiting groove structure that matches the shape of the second protrusion structure 112 at one end of the guide tube 11, or a position-limiting protrusion structure that matches the shape of the second groove structure at one end of the guide tube 11. The position-limiting groove structure of the special tool 5 is sleeved on the corresponding second protrusion structure 112, or the position-limiting protrusion structure on the special tool 5 is inserted into the corresponding second groove structure, and then the guide tube 11 can be rotated by rotating the special tool 5 along the axis.

In a further embodiment, at least one strip slit is provided on the tube wall of the guide tube, the strip groove 113 is connected to the tube cavity of the guide tube 11, and the strip groove passes through at least one end of the guide tube 11. Preferably, the strip groove passes through at least one end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2.

Preferably, a plurality of strip grooves are arranged around the tube wall of the guide tube 11. The strip groove is connected to the tube cavity of the guide tube 11, and the strip groove passes through one end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2. Preferably, the length direction of the strip groove is consistent with the axial direction of the guide tube 11. Of course, the length direction of the strip groove may also be inconsistent with the axial direction of the guide tube 11, that is, the length direction of the strip groove and the axial direction of the guide tube 11 have an angle less than 90 degrees. It should be noted that in the embodiment in which a strip groove is arranged on the tube wall of the guide tube 11, the strip groove can be either It may only penetrate the end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2, or it may penetrate the two ends of the guide tube 11 along the length direction respectively. In the embodiment where a plurality of strip grooves are provided on the tube wall of the guide tube 11, all of the strip grooves may penetrate the end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2, or one of the strip grooves may penetrate the two ends of the guide tube 11 along the length direction respectively.

The fracture fixation system of the present application can be applied to a variety of fracture treatments to provide stable temporary fixation after fracture reduction. The following is an example of the use of the fixation system of the present application in a vertebral fracture surgery in conjunction with Figures 13, 17 to 19:

Step 1: sterilize the drape according to the standard surgical procedure; select a suitable bone plate 2, and install the two bone needle guide locking assemblies 1 on the bone plate 2, as shown in FIG17; sleeve the limiter 4 on the bone needle 3, and set the fixed position of the limiter 4 on the bone needle 3 according to the length of the bone needle 3 entering the bone 6, and then fix the limiter 4 and the bone needle 3, as shown in FIG13;

Step 2: Expose the fracture according to the standard surgical approach and place the bone plate 2 at the appropriate position of the bone 6, as shown in FIG18 ; then insert one of the bone needles 3 into the guide tube 11 of one of the bone needle guide locking assemblies 1, and implant it into the bone 6 on the fracture side with an electric drill, and then move the sliding sleeve 13 of the corresponding bone needle guide locking assembly 1 to the locking hole 111, so that a part of the corresponding locking member 12 enters the lumen of the guide tube 11 to tighten the bone needle 3; next, reposition and temporarily maintain the fracture alignment line by traction, repositioning forceps, etc., and then insert another bone needle 3 into the guide tube 11 of another bone needle guide locking assembly 1, and implant it into the bone 6 on the other side of the fracture, and then move the sliding sleeve 13 of the corresponding bone needle guide locking assembly 1 to the locking hole 111, so that a part of the corresponding locking member 12 enters the lumen of the guide tube 11 to tighten the bone needle 3, as shown in FIG19 . The bone pins 3 on both sides of the fracture and the bone pin guide locking assembly 1 form a locking structure with the bone plate 2 to preliminarily restore the stability of the fracture site.

Step 3: Following the same operation process, multiple bone pins 3 are inserted on both sides of the fracture line to form a more reliable structure at both ends of the fracture, effectively maintaining the stability of fracture reduction;

Step 4: The doctor observes the quality of fracture reduction and the positional relationship between the bones 6 on both sides of the fracture and the bone plate 2 through direct vision and perspective. When the doctor finds that the quality of fracture reduction or the position of the bone plate 2 is not good, the doctor moves the sliding sleeve 13 of the corresponding bone needle guide locking assembly 1 out of the locking hole 111, releases the locking member 12 to release the bone needle 3, and removes the bone needle 3 from the bone 6 with an electric drill. After the fracture is reduced or the position of the bone plate 2 is adjusted, the bone needle 3 is reinserted into the new appropriate position with an electric drill, and the sliding sleeve 13 of the corresponding bone needle guide locking assembly 1 is moved to the locking hole 111, so that a part of the corresponding locking member 12 enters the lumen of the guide tube 11 to tighten the bone needle 3; the quality of the fracture reduction and the positional relationship between the bones 6 on both sides of the fracture and the bone plate 2 are observed again through direct vision and perspective. If the quality is not good, continue to repeat the above actions to adjust the position of the bone needle 3 until the fracture is reduced and the position of the bone plate 2 is good;

Step 5: Remove each bone needle 3 and bone needle guide locking assembly 1 in turn, and after each bone needle 3 and bone needle guide locking assembly 1 is removed, drive a nail hole of appropriate diameter into the bone through the corresponding fixing through hole 21 on the bone plate 2, measure the depth of the hole, and then screw in a screw of appropriate length to complete the replacement of the screw with the bone needle 3 and the bone needle guide locking assembly 1; and implant additional screws according to clinical needs;

Step 6: Use fluoroscopy again to confirm that the fracture reduction and internal fixation position are good, rinse the wound and stop bleeding, then suture to the skin in sequence.

Compared with the prior art, the bone needle guide locking assembly and the fixing system thereof of the present application have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

1. Quickly establish initial stability at the fracture site and reduce the risk of fracture displacement during this process: Tighten the locking piece or sliding set on the guide tube with a matching special screwdriver to quickly establish initial stability at both ends of the fracture through bone pins, guide locking components and bone plates.

Second, it is flexible to use. The number of lockers can be increased according to the needs of the next surgical operation to increase the reliability of temporary fixation of fractures.

3. Good adaptability does not affect the use of existing temporary fixation technology for fracture ends. For example, existing tools such as point reduction forceps can be used at the fracture site to further increase the reliability of temporary fixation of the fracture.

4. The surgical technique requirements are low. When using bone pins, reduction forceps and other tools to temporarily fix fractures, it is necessary to carefully study the characteristics of the fracture, and to insert bone pins or use reduction forceps to clamp the fracture ends at a certain angle and appropriate position in a short period of time. This requires good surgical techniques and clinical experience. However, in this system, you only need to determine the position of the bone plate, and then insert the bone pin through the bone pin guide locking assembly on the bone plate. There is no need to consider the angle and position of the bone pin. In addition, the limiter can well control the depth of the bone pin entering the bone, reducing the incidence of bone pin piercing important structures around it.

Embodiment 2

This embodiment provides a fixation system, which includes a guide tube 11 , a bone plate 2 and a bone pin 3 .

The bone plate 2 is provided with at least two fixing through holes 21 at intervals along the length direction, as shown in FIG. 20 . The fixing system comprises at least two groups of guide tubes 11 and bone pins 3, preferably two groups.

The bone needle 3 has a needle tip 31 and a rod 32 along the axial direction, as shown in Figure 21. The needle tip 31 is a pyramid structure, such as a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid or other multi-sided pyramids. The conical end of the needle tip 31 can be blunt, which is beneficial to protect the important tissues around the bone 6. The conical end of the needle tip 31 can also be sharp, which is more conducive to the bone needle 3 to penetrate the bone 6. The bone needle 3 has a fast implantation speed and causes little damage to the bone 6, which lays a foundation for resetting the fracture and adjusting the positional relationship between the bone 6 and the bone plate 2, and helps to improve the quality of the operation, so the bone needle 3 becomes the best choice to replace the screw.

The guide tube 11 is a hollow tubular structure, as shown in FIG22. The outer side of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface. One end of the guide tube 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed through hole 21, and the guide tube 11 is arranged vertically with the bone plate 2. Preferably, the guide tube 11 is threadedly connected with the fixed through hole 21, that is, an external thread structure is arranged on the tube wall of one end of the guide tube 11, which is defined as a first thread structure 113, and the hole wall of the fixed through hole 21 is provided with an internal thread structure matching the first thread structure 113, which is defined as a second thread structure 211, and one end of the guide tube 11 is fixedly connected with the fixed through hole 21 through the first thread structure 113 and the second thread structure 211. The bone needle 3 is arranged in the tube cavity of the guide tube 11, and the bone needle 3 is threadedly connected with the guide tube 11. The rod 32 is provided with an external thread structure, as shown in FIG21, which is defined as a sixth thread structure 35. The inner side of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 is provided with an internal thread structure matching the sixth thread structure 35, as shown in FIG23 , which is defined as the fourth thread structure 14. When the bone needle 3 is inserted into the tube cavity of the guide tube 11, the bone needle 3 can be passed through the guide tube 11 by rotating it. In the specific implementation, the guide tube 11 is first pre-installed on the bone plate 2, and then the bone plate 2 is placed on the fracture site of the target bone 6, and the bone plate 2 is fitted with the target bone 6; then one of the bone needles 3 is inserted into one of the guide tubes 11, and the bone needle 3 is rotated to pass through the guide tube 11 and the needle tip 31 is implanted into the bone 6 part on one side of the fracture; another bone needle 3 is inserted into the other guide tube 11, and the bone needle 3 is rotated to pass through the guide tube 11 and the needle tip 31 is implanted into the bone 6 part on the other side of the fracture. When the needle tip 31 of the bone needle 3 is implanted on the bone 6, the bone needle 3 and the corresponding guide tube 11 are locked together by the sixth thread structure 35 and the fourth thread structure 14. When the two bone needles 3 are locked with the corresponding guide tubes 11, the bone plate 2 can be fixed on the bone 6. A locking frame structure is formed between the guide tube 11 and the bone plate 2 to fix the fracture end. Provides reliable temporary stability and lays the physical foundation for further operations.

In a further embodiment, the bone needle 3 can be provided with an external thread structure on the surface of its rod 32 near its needle tip 31, which is defined as the fifth thread structure 34, as shown in Figure 24, which can increase the riveting effect of the bone needle 3 in the bone 6.

In a further embodiment, the fixing system further comprises a stopper 4. The stopper 4 is fixedly arranged on the bone needle 3, as shown in FIG25. The size of the stopper 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide tube 11, so as to ensure that when the bone needle 3 is inserted into the lumen of the guide tube 11, the stopper 4 abuts against one end of the guide tube 11, thereby playing a limiting role. In a specific implementation, the operator can select the fixed position of the stopper 4 on the bone needle 3 as needed, so as to facilitate the operator to better control the length of the bone needle 3 driven into the bone 6. The stopper 4 is preferably a hollow tubular structure. The radial cross-sectional shape of the stopper 4 can be any shape, such as a circle or polygon or other non-circular shapes. The lumen of the stopper 4 can be a smooth surface or a non-smooth surface, preferably a non-smooth surface. The tube wall of the stopper 4 is provided with a second locking hole 41, and the second locking hole 41 is connected to the lumen of the stopper 4. A second locking member 42 is provided in the second locking hole 41. The second locking member 42 can be driven to press against the bone needle 3 in the lumen of the stopper 4, thereby locking the stopper 4 and the bone needle 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 25 , the second locking member 42 is preferably threadedly connected to the second locking hole 41. By rotating the second locking member 42, the second locking member 42 can be driven to enter the lumen of the stopper 4 and press against the bone needle 3. The end of the second locking member 42 away from the lumen of the stopper 4 can be provided with a setting structure, so that the second locking member 42 can be more conveniently rotated with a tool. For example, the setting structure can be a groove structure of a set shape, which is defined as a third groove structure. The third groove structure can penetrate the second locking member 42 or not penetrate it. The third groove structure can be, for example, a polygonal groove structure as shown in FIG. 25, or other similar groove structures that can be manipulated by tools, such as plum blossom, star, cross, etc. For another example, the setting structure can also be a convex structure of a set shape, which is defined as a third convex structure. The third protruding structure may be, for example, a polygonal protruding structure, or a plum blossom-shaped, star-shaped, cross-shaped or other similar protruding structure that can be manipulated by a tool.

In a further embodiment, the end of the guide tube 11 away from the bone plate 2 may also be provided with a setting structure, so that the guide tube 11 can be more conveniently rotated with a tool. For example, the setting structure may be a convex structure of a set shape, which is defined as the second convex structure 112. The second convex structure 112 may be, for example, a polygonal convex structure as shown in FIG. 22, or a plum blossom, star, Cross-shaped and other similar raised structures that can be manipulated by tools. For another example, the set structure can also be a groove structure of a set shape, which is defined as a second groove structure. The second groove structure can be, for example, a polygonal prism-shaped groove structure, or a plum blossom-shaped, star-shaped, cross-shaped and other similar groove structures that can be manipulated by tools. In another further embodiment, part of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 can also be set to have a non-circular radial cross-sectional shape, which can make it more convenient to use tools to rotate the guide tube 11. For example, the radial cross-section of the part of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 close to the bone plate 2 is polygonal, that is, the part of the tube wall of the guide tube 11 close to the bone plate 2 is a polygonal prism structure, and the guide tube 11 can be rotated through the polygonal prism structure using tools such as wrenches.

In a further embodiment, the fixing system further comprises a special tool 5. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, a special tool 5 is schematically shown, which comprises a handle 51 and a tool rod 52, one end of the tool rod 52 is connected to the handle 51, and the other end of the tool rod 52 is provided with an action structure 53. The action structure 53 may be a position-limiting groove structure matching the shape of the second protruding structure 112 at one end of the guide tube 11, as shown in FIG. 14; or a position-limiting protruding structure matching the shape of the second groove structure at one end of the guide tube 11, as shown in FIG. 15 or FIG. 16. The position-limiting groove structure of the special tool is sleeved on the corresponding second protruding structure 112, or the position-limiting protruding structure on the special tool is inserted into the corresponding second groove structure, and then the guide tube 11 can be rotated by rotating the special tool along the axis.

The action structure 53 may also be a position-limiting groove structure that matches the shape of the third protrusion structure on the second locking member 42, or a position-limiting protrusion structure that matches the shape of the third groove structure on the second locking member 42. When rotating the second locking member 42, the position-limiting groove structure on the special tool is sleeved on the corresponding third protrusion structure, or the position-limiting protrusion structure on the special tool is inserted into the corresponding third groove structure, and then the second locking member 42 can be rotated by rotating the special tool along the axis.

The fixation system of the present application can be applied to a variety of fracture treatments to provide stable temporary fixation after fracture reduction. The following is an example of the use of the fixation system of the present application in a vertebral fracture surgery in conjunction with FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 to FIG. 28:

Step 1: Disinfect the drape according to the standard surgical procedure; select a suitable bone plate 2, and install the two guide tubes 11 on the bone plate 2, as shown in FIG26; sleeve the limiter 4 on the bone needle 3, and set the fixed position of the limiter 4 on the bone needle 3 according to the length of the bone needle 3 entering the bone 6, and then fix the limiter 4 and the bone needle 3, as shown in FIG25 As shown;

Step 2: Expose the fracture according to the standard surgical approach, place the bone plate 2 at the appropriate position of the bone 6, as shown in Figure 27; then insert one of the bone pins 3 into one of the guide tubes 11, and use an electric drill to implant it into the bone 6 on one side of the fracture; next, reset and temporarily maintain the fracture alignment line by traction, reduction forceps, etc., then insert another bone pin 3 into another guide tube 11, and implant it into the bone 6 on the other side of the fracture, as shown in Figure 28. The bone pins 3 and guide tubes 11 on both sides of the fracture form a locking structure with the bone plate 2, preliminarily reconstructing the stability of the fracture site.

Step 3: Following the same operation process, multiple bone pins 3 are inserted on both sides of the fracture line to form a more reliable structure at both ends of the fracture, effectively maintaining the stability of fracture reduction;

Step 4: The doctor observes the quality of fracture reduction and the positional relationship between the bones 6 on both sides of the fracture and the bone plate 2 through direct vision and perspective; when the doctor finds that the quality of fracture reduction or the position of the bone plate 2 is not good, the doctor uses an electric drill to remove the bone needle 3 from the bone 6; after resetting the fracture or adjusting the position of the bone plate 2, the doctor uses an electric drill to reinsert the bone needle 3 into a new suitable position; the doctor observes the quality of fracture reduction and the positional relationship between the bones 6 on both sides of the fracture and the bone plate 2 through direct vision and perspective again. If the quality is not good, the doctor continues to repeat the above actions to adjust the position of the bone needle 3 until the fracture is reduced and the position of the bone plate 2 is good;

Step 5: Remove each bone needle 3 and guide tube 11 in turn, and after each bone needle 3 and guide tube 11 is removed, drive a nail hole of appropriate diameter into the bone through the corresponding fixing through hole 21 on the bone plate 2, measure the depth of the hole, and then screw in a screw of appropriate length to complete the replacement of the screw with the bone needle 3 and guide tube 11; and implant additional screws according to clinical needs;

Step 6: Use fluoroscopy again to confirm that the fracture reduction and internal fixation position are good, rinse the wound and stop bleeding, then suture to the skin in sequence.

Compared with the prior art, the fixing system of the present application has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

1. Reduced risk of displacement during temporary fixation of fractures: The doctor places the bone plate at the appropriate position of the fracture of the target bone, and inserts bone pins on both sides of the fracture under the guidance of the guide tube. The bone pins are threadedly connected to the guide tube, so that when the bone pins are implanted in the target bone, the bone pins and the bone plate are locked and connected, forming a reliable structure at the fracture site simply and quickly, reducing the surgical time and difficulty of bone pin puncture and fixation of fractures, and reducing the risk of bone pin displacement during fracture fixation;

2. Reduce the surgical risk of doctors using bone pins to temporarily fix fractures: by setting a limiter on the bone pin, the length of the bone pin inserted into the bone can be effectively controlled, reducing the incidence of bone pins piercing surrounding blood vessels and nerves;

3. Improved the stability of temporary fixation of fractures: The bone pin-guide tube-plate structure forms angle stability at both ends of the fracture, reducing the recurrence of displacement during the process of fluoroscopy, implantation of plates and intramedullary nails and other implants.

In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include additional elements not expressly listed.

In this document, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

In this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion of elements other than those listed and may also include additional elements not expressly listed.

In this document, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

A bone needle guide locking assembly, characterized in that it comprises a guide tube (11) and a locking piece (12), wherein the guide tube (11) is a hollow tubular structure, a locking hole (111) is provided on the tube wall of the guide tube (11), the locking hole (111) is connected to the lumen of the guide tube (11), the locking piece (12) is located in the locking hole (111), and the locking piece (12) can be driven to at least partially enter the lumen of the guide tube (11). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking member (12) and the locking hole (111) are threadedly connected. The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 2 is characterized in that a first protrusion structure or a first groove structure (121) is provided at one end of the locking member (12) away from the lumen of the guide tube (11). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also includes a sliding sleeve (13), the sliding sleeve (13) is a hollow tubular structure, the sliding sleeve (13) is arranged on the guide tube (11), the locking piece (12) extends out of the tube wall of the guide tube (11), and the sliding sleeve (13) can be driven to move to the locking hole (111), and the locking piece (12) is driven to move into the tube cavity of the guide tube (11) during the movement of the sliding sleeve (13). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 4 is characterized in that the lumen of the sliding sleeve (13) includes a cylindrical cavity (131) and a conical cavity (132) along the axial direction, the cylindrical cavity (131) is connected to the small-diameter port of the conical cavity (132), the large-diameter port of the conical cavity (132) of the sliding sleeve (13) faces the locking member (12), the locking member (12) is driven to move to the locking hole (111), and the conical cavity (132) drives the locking member (12) to move into the lumen of the guide tube (11). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 4 is characterized in that the portion of the sliding sleeve (13) extending out of the guide tube (11) is provided with an inclined surface, the locking member (12) is driven to move to the locking hole (111), and the sliding member squeezes the inclined surface to drive the locking member (12) to move into the lumen of the guide tube (11). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (13) and the guide tube (11) are threadedly connected. The bone needle guiding and locking assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that a threaded structure is provided on the tube wall at one end of the guide tube (11). The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the radial cross-section of a portion of the wall of the guide tube (11) is non-circular; and/or The other end of the guide tube (11) is provided with a second protrusion structure (112) or a second groove structure. The bone needle guide locking assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least one strip groove is provided on the tube wall of the guide tube, the strip groove is connected to the tube cavity of the guide tube (11), and the strip groove runs through at least one end of the guide tube (11). A fixation system, characterized in that it comprises a bone plate (2), a bone needle (3) and a bone needle guide locking assembly (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the bone plate (2) is provided with a fixing through hole (21), one end of the guide tube (11) is fixedly connected to the fixing through hole (21), the bone needle (3) is arranged in the lumen of the guide tube (11), and the locking member (12) can be driven into the lumen of the guide tube (11) to press the bone needle (3). The fixation system according to claim 11 is characterized in that a limiting member (4) is also provided on the bone pin (3). The fixing system according to claim 11 is characterized in that it also includes a special tool (5), the special tool (5) includes a handle (51) and a tool rod (52), one end of the tool rod (52) is connected to the handle (51), and the other end of the tool rod (52) is provided with an active structure (53). A fixation system, characterized in that it comprises a guide tube (11), a bone plate (2) and a bone needle (3); the guide tube (11) is a hollow tubular structure; the bone plate (2) is provided with a fixing through hole (21); one end of the guide tube (11) is fixedly connected to the fixing through hole (21); the bone needle (3) is arranged in the lumen of the guide tube (11); and the bone needle (3) is threadedly connected to the guide tube (11). The fixing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide tube (11) and the fixing through hole (21) are threadedly connected. The fixation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a limiting member (4) is also provided on the bone pin (3). The fixation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bone needle (3) has a needle tip (31) and a rod (32) along the axial direction, the rod (32) is threadedly connected to the guide tube (11), and the needle tip (31) is a pyramidal structure. The fixation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bone needle (3) is provided with an external thread structure on the surface of the rod (32) thereof near the needle tip (31) thereof. The fixing system according to claim 15 is characterized in that the radial cross-sectional shape of a portion of the wall of the guide tube (11) is non-circular. The fixation system according to claim 15 is characterized in that a protrusion structure or a groove structure is provided at the end of the guide tube (11) facing away from the bone plate (2). The fixing system according to claim 20 is characterized in that it also includes a special tool (5), the special tool (5) includes a handle (51) and a tool rod (52), one end of the tool rod (52) is connected to the handle (51), and the other end of the tool rod (52) is provided with an active structure (53). The fixing system according to claim 21 is characterized in that the action structure (53) matches the protrusion structure or the groove structure on the guide tube (1).