WO2024218923A1 - リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末、固体二次電池用正極活物質、固体二次電池用正極及び固体二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末、固体二次電池用正極活物質、固体二次電池用正極及び固体二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- the present invention relates to lithium metal composite oxide powder, a positive electrode active material for a solid secondary battery, a positive electrode for a solid secondary battery, and a solid secondary battery.
- Lithium secondary batteries are classified into liquid secondary batteries, which use an electrolyte solution made by dissolving an electrolyte in an organic solvent, and solid secondary batteries, which use a solid electrolyte. Development of solid secondary batteries is progressing due to their advantages, such as the ability to improve energy density and high design freedom.
- solid-state secondary batteries have the disadvantage that the interfacial resistance between the electrode active material and the solid electrolyte is more likely to increase than in liquid-based secondary batteries. For this reason, the particle shape of the electrode active material used in solid-state secondary batteries affects the performance of the solid-state secondary battery.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a positive electrode active material for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries that contains high-strength single particles that are less likely to break when pressed, because if the positive electrode active material breaks when pressed in the battery manufacturing process, the conductive path will be interrupted, resulting in a decrease in output.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the shape of the single particle is defined from the particle envelopment degree.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a lithium metal composite oxide powder for solid-state secondary batteries, a positive electrode active material for solid-state secondary batteries, a positive electrode for solid-state batteries, and a solid-state secondary battery that can provide a low-resistance solid-state secondary battery in which the interfacial bond between the positive electrode active material and the solid electrolyte is well maintained even after charge-discharge cycle testing.
- a positive electrode active material for a solid secondary battery comprising the lithium metal composite oxide powder according to any one of [1] to [6].
- a positive electrode for a solid secondary battery comprising the positive electrode active material for a solid secondary battery according to [7].
- the present invention provides a lithium metal composite oxide powder, a positive electrode active material for a solid secondary battery, a positive electrode for a solid secondary battery, and a solid secondary battery that can provide a solid secondary battery in which the resistance is unlikely to increase during charging and discharging.
- the solid-state secondary battery is evaluated as having low resistance even after the charge-discharge cycle test. This means that the solid-state secondary battery has a longer life. Details regarding the manufacturing conditions of the solid-state secondary battery for calculating the resistance after the charge-discharge cycle test will be described later.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a solid secondary battery.
- 1 is an electron microscope photograph of the lithium metal composite oxide produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which the lithium metal composite oxide powder for a solid secondary battery of the present embodiment is in contact with a solid electrolyte.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which a lithium metal composite oxide powder for a solid secondary battery other than the present embodiment is in contact with a solid electrolyte.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which a lithium metal composite oxide powder for a solid secondary battery other than the present embodiment is in contact with a solid electrolyte.
- the present embodiment relates to a lithium metal composite oxide powder that can be suitably used as a positive electrode active material for a solid secondary battery.
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder has a layered structure, contains at least Li, Mn, and element M1, and satisfies the composition formula (1) described below.
- Primary particles refers to particles that have no visible grain boundaries when observed at a magnification of 5,000 to 20,000 times using a scanning electron microscope or the like.
- Secondary particles are particles that are agglomerates of the primary particles.
- secondary particles are agglomerates of primary particles.
- the degree of envelopment of the lithium metal composite oxide powder is the ratio of the envelope length to the perimeter of one particle measured in a planar image of the lithium metal composite oxide powder, that is, the perimeter envelopment.
- the perimeter envelopment will be abbreviated to the envelopment.
- the number average degree of envelopment is an index showing the degree of contact of the lithium metal composite oxide powder with the solid electrolyte.
- the envelope perimeter is calculated from an imaginary rubber band wrapped around the outline of a particle.
- the number average envelopment degree of the lithium metal composite oxide powder is measured by the following method.
- the number-average envelopment degree of the lithium metal composite oxide powder is measured by static image analysis.
- the static image analysis can be performed by a static automatic image analyzer.
- a Morphologi 4 manufactured by Malvern Panalytical can be used as the static automatic image analyzer.
- the static automatic image analyzer automatically measures the envelopment ratio and projected area circle equivalent diameter of each particle.
- the projected area equivalent diameter is the diameter of a circle with the same area as the projected area of one particle of the lithium metal composite oxide powder.
- the static image analysis is performed as follows. First, 0.5 mg of lithium metal composite oxide powder is introduced into the supply section of the analysis device and sprayed onto the preparation to fix it thereon. Next, the fixed particles are observed by an optical microscope to obtain an image. The obtained image is analyzed to calculate the projected area circle equivalent diameter of the lithium metal composite oxide powder. From the projected area circle equivalent diameter obtained, a cumulative particle size distribution based on volume is obtained.
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder introduced into the analytical device supply section may be a lithium metal composite oxide powder with a coating layer, or may be a lithium metal composite oxide powder without a coating layer.
- the coating layer is very thin, with a thickness of about 1 to 20 nm, so even if a coating layer is present, the measured value obtained as the envelope degree is almost the same as when no coating layer is present.
- the circle equivalent diameters ( ⁇ m) at which the cumulative proportions from the small particle diameter side are 10%, 50%, and 90% are defined as CD10, CD50, and CD90, respectively.
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder has a number average envelope degree 1 of 0.860-0.980.
- the number average envelope degree 1 is preferably 0.880 or more, more preferably 0.900 or more, and even more preferably 0.910 or more. It is also preferably 0.970 or less, more preferably 0.965 or less, and even more preferably 0.960 or less.
- the number average envelope index 1 is preferably 0.880-0.970, more preferably 0.900-0.990, and even more preferably 0.910-0.960.
- the number average envelope degree 1 is an index showing the degree to which particles with a circle equivalent diameter ( ⁇ m) that falls within the range of CD50-CD90, i.e., particles with a large particle diameter among the particles contained in the lithium metal composite oxide powder, come into contact with the solid electrolyte.
- the solid electrolyte is likely to penetrate into the recesses on the surface of each particle of the lithium metal composite oxide, and the contact area between the lithium metal composite oxide powder and the solid electrolyte is likely to increase.
- the lithium metal composite oxide particle 1 shown in FIG. 3 has convex portions 1a and concave portions 1b on its surface.
- the number average degree of envelopment 1 satisfies the range of the present invention
- the solid electrolyte 2 easily enters the concave portions 1b on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide particle 1, and the contact area between the lithium metal composite oxide particle 1 and the solid electrolyte 2 easily increases.
- the lithium metal composite oxide particle 3 shown in Figure 4 has convex portions 3a and concave portions 3b on its surface. If the number average envelopment degree 1 is less than the lower limit of the present invention, the solid electrolyte 2 cannot enter the concave portions 3b on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide particle 3, and point contact occurs at the convex portions 3a of the lithium metal composite oxide particle 3, making it difficult to increase the contact area with the solid electrolyte 2. If charging and discharging are repeated in this state, when the lithium metal composite oxide particles expand and contract, the contact points with the solid electrolyte are broken, resulting in high resistance.
- the solid electrolyte 2 cannot fully enter the recesses 3b, and for example, on the surface indicated by the reference numeral 5, the lithium metal composite oxide particles 3 do not come into contact with the solid electrolyte 2, which tends to reduce the utilization rate of the lithium metal composite oxide particles.
- the lithium metal oxide particles 4 will have a smooth surface without any irregularities, as shown in Figure 5. In this case, the lithium metal oxide particles 4 and the solid electrolyte 2 will also be in point contact, and the contact area with the solid electrolyte 2 will not easily increase. If charging and discharging are repeated in this state, when the lithium metal composite oxide particles expand and contract, the contact points with the solid electrolyte will be broken, resulting in high resistance.
- the number average envelope degree 2 is preferably 0.950 or more and less than 1.
- the number average envelope degree 2 is more preferably 0.960 or more, and even more preferably 0.960 or more.
- the number average envelope degree 2 is more preferably 0.995 or less, and even more preferably 0.990 or less.
- the upper and lower limits may be arbitrarily combined. As an example of such a combination, the number average envelope index 2 is preferably 0.960-0.995, and more preferably 0.960-0.990.
- the number average envelope degree 2 is an index showing the degree to which particles with particle diameters falling within the range of CD10-CD50, i.e., particles with small particle diameters among the particles contained in the lithium metal composite oxide powder, come into contact with the solid electrolyte.
- the surface of each particle of the lithium metal composite oxide has moderate irregularities, and the contact area between the lithium metal composite oxide powder and the solid electrolyte increases, making it easier for an interface to form.
- CD90 is preferably greater than 7.0 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 20.0 ⁇ m.
- CD90 is more preferably equal to or greater than 8.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably equal to or greater than 8.5 ⁇ m.
- CD90 is more preferably equal to or less than 16.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably equal to or less than 14.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably equal to or less than 13.0 ⁇ m, and especially preferably equal to or less than 12.0 ⁇ m.
- CD90 is preferably 8.0 to 16.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 8.5 to 14.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 8.5 to 13.0 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 8.5 to 12.0 ⁇ m.
- CD90 satisfies the above range, the proportion of coarse lithium metal composite oxide particles having a long diffusion distance for lithium ions is small, and therefore the discharge rate characteristics are excellent, which is preferable.
- CD10 is preferably 3.0-7.0 ⁇ m.
- CD10 is more preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 4.5 ⁇ m or more.
- CD10 is more preferably 6.5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 6.0 ⁇ m or less.
- CD10 is preferably 4.0-6.5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 4.5-6.0 ⁇ m.
- CD10 satisfies the above range, the ratio of fine lithium metal composite oxide powder that cannot come into contact with the conductive material or solid electrolyte in the positive electrode and is electrically isolated can be reduced, and a high charge/discharge capacity can be obtained, which is preferable.
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder preferably has a BET specific surface area of 0.3 to 2.0 m 2 /g, more preferably 0.4 to 1.6 m 2 /g, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.4 m 2 /g.
- the contact area between the lithium metal composite oxide powder and the solid electrolyte increases, making it easier for an interface to form.
- BET specific surface area is a value measured by the BET (Brunauer, Emmett, Teller) method.
- nitrogen gas is used as the adsorption gas.
- 1 g of the powder to be measured is dried in a nitrogen atmosphere at 105°C for 30 minutes, and then the BET specific surface area can be measured (unit: m2 /g) using a BET specific surface area meter (for example, Macsorb (registered trademark) manufactured by Mountec Co., Ltd.).
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder satisfies the following composition formula (1). aLi 2 MnO 3 ⁇ (1-a)LiM1O 2 ...(1) (In formula (1), 0.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, and M1 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Cu, Ti, V, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, B, Al, Si, P, W, Mo, Nb, Zn, Sn, Zr, Cr, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, and V.)
- a is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.35 or more, and even more preferably 0.45 or more. Also, a is preferably 0.90 or less, more preferably 0.80 or less, and even more preferably 0.75 or less.
- a is preferably 0.25-0.90, more preferably 0.35-0.80, and even more preferably 0.45-0.75.
- element M1 contains Ni.
- the proportion of Ni contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 25 mol% or more, and even more preferably 30 mol% or more.
- the proportion of Ni contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 90 mol% or less, more preferably 80 mol% or less, and even more preferably 70 mol% or less.
- the proportion of Ni contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 20-90 mol%, more preferably 25-80 mol%, and even more preferably 30-70 mol%.
- element M1 contains Mn.
- the proportion of Mn contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, and even more preferably 15 mol% or more.
- the proportion of Mn contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 50 mol% or less, more preferably 40 mol% or less, and even more preferably 35 mol% or less.
- element M1 is preferably one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Cu, Ti, Mg, Ca, Ba, B, Al, Si, P, W, Mo, Nb, Zn, Sn, and Zr, and more preferably one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Mg, Ba, B, Al, Si, P, W, Mo, Nb, and Zr.
- the proportion of Mn contained in the total amount of element M1 is preferably 5-50 mol%, more preferably 10-40 mol%, and even more preferably 15-35 mol%.
- composition of the lithium metal composite oxide powder can be determined, for example, by dissolving the lithium metal composite oxide powder in hydrochloric acid and then using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (for example, SPS3000, manufactured by SII NanoTechnology Inc.).
- the crystal structure of the lithium metal composite oxide powder is a layered structure, and more preferably a hexagonal crystal structure or a monoclinic crystal structure.
- the hexagonal crystal structure is P3, P3 1 , P3 2 , R3, P-3, R-3, P312, P321, P3 1 12, P3 1 21, P3 2 12, P3 2 21, R32, P3m1, P31m, P3c1, P31c, R3m, R3c, P-31m, P-31c, P-3m1, P-3c1, R-3m, R-3c, P6, P6 1 , P6 5 , P6 2 , P6 4 , P6 3 , P-6, P6/m, P6 3 /m, P622, P6 1 22, P6 5 22, P6 2 22, P6 4 22, P6 3 22, P6mm, P6cc, P6 3 cm, P6 3 mc, P-6m2, P-6c2, P-62m, P-62c, P6/mmm, P6/mcc, P6 3 /mcm, and P6 3 /mmc. It is assigned to any one of the space groups selected from the group.
- the monoclinic crystal structure belongs to any one space group selected from the group consisting of P2, P2 1 , C2, Pm, Pc, Cm, Cc, P2/m, P2 1 /m, C2/m, P2/c, P2 1 /c, and C2/c.
- the crystal structure is a hexagonal crystal structure belonging to the space group R-3m, and a monoclinic crystal structure belonging to the space group C2/m.
- Li 2 MnO 3 has a monoclinic crystal structure belonging to the space group C2/m.
- a composition containing Mn a lithium metal composite oxide having a Li 2 MnO 3 crystal structure can be obtained, which makes it easy to achieve high capacity.
- the crystal structure of lithium metal composite oxide can be calculated by performing powder X-ray diffraction measurement of the lithium metal composite oxide using CuK ⁇ as the radiation source and a measurement range of the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ of 10-90°. Specifically, it can be confirmed by observation using a powder X-ray diffraction measurement device (for example, Ultima IV manufactured by Rigaku Corporation).
- a powder X-ray diffraction measurement device for example, Ultima IV manufactured by Rigaku Corporation.
- a coating layer made of a metal composite oxide having lithium ion conductivity may be formed on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide particles.
- a coating layer By forming a coating layer on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide particles, the decomposition reaction of the solid electrolyte occurring between the lithium metal composite oxide and the solid electrolyte is suppressed, and the charge/discharge efficiency of the solid secondary battery is increased.
- an argyrodite-type sulfide solid electrolyte or a sulfide solid electrolyte described below is used as the solid electrolyte, by forming a coating layer on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide, the decomposition reaction of the solid electrolyte is suppressed, and stable battery operation is possible.
- the thickness of the coating layer may be adjusted within a range that does not impair the effects of the present application. Specifically, a thickness of approximately 1 to 20 nm is preferable.
- the thickness of the coating layer is determined from the results of analysis using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
- STEM scanning transmission electron microscope
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- metal composite oxides examples include metal composite oxides of Li and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Si, P, Al, W, Ta, Ti, Zr, Mo, and B.
- the coating layer can be formed, for example, by adding and mixing a compound having the elements contained in the coating layer to the lithium metal composite oxide and then subjecting it to heat treatment, by spraying a solution having the elements contained in the coating layer onto the lithium metal composite oxide and then subjecting it to heat treatment, or by immersing the lithium metal composite oxide in a solution having the elements contained in the coating layer and then subjecting it to heat treatment.
- the method for producing the lithium metal composite oxide powder includes at least the steps of producing a hydroxide precursor, calcining a mixture of the hydroxide precursor and a lithium compound, and crushing the calcined product obtained in the calcination step.
- the hydroxide precursor can be produced by a commonly known semi-continuous method (semi-batch method).
- Preferred reaction vessels include a reaction vessel without an overflow pipe, and a device equipped with a concentration vessel connected to an overflow pipe, in which the overflowed product is concentrated in the concentration vessel and circulated back to the reaction vessel.
- the production method will be described in detail, taking as an example a method for producing a hydroxide precursor containing Ni, Co and Mn as metals by a semi-continuous method.
- the hydroxide precursor may be a metal composite hydroxide containing Ni, Co, and Mn.
- Metal source liquids for producing hydroxide precursors containing Ni, Co, and Mn include nickel salt solutions, cobalt salt solutions, and manganese salt solutions.
- the nickel salt that is the solute of the nickel salt solution is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, one or more of nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, and nickel acetate.
- the cobalt salt that is the solute of the cobalt salt solution may be, for example, one or more of cobalt sulfate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, and cobalt acetate.
- the manganese salt that is the solute of the manganese salt solution can be, for example, one or more of manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride, and manganese acetate.
- Nucleation step The metal raw material mixture, the complexing agent, and the alkaline aqueous solution are reacted to generate nuclei of a metal composite hydroxide represented by Ni1 -x- yCoxMnyOw (OH ) 2-w (0 ⁇ 1-x-y, 0 ⁇ x, 0 ⁇ y, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 1).
- the metal raw material mixture is a mixture of a nickel salt solution, a cobalt salt solution, and a manganese salt solution.
- the metal raw material mixture, complexing agent, and alkaline aqueous solution are each continuously and simultaneously fed into a reaction vessel equipped with an agitator. This produces nuclei.
- an alkaline aqueous solution is added to the mixture before the pH of the mixture changes from alkaline to neutral.
- Sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be used as the alkaline aqueous solution.
- the complexing agent is a compound capable of forming a complex with nickel ions and cobalt ions in an aqueous solution.
- the complexing agent include ammonium ion donors, hydrazine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, uracildiacetic acid, and glycine.
- ammonium ion donors that can be used include ammonium salts such as ammonium hydroxide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium fluoride.
- the complexing agent is preferably an ammonium ion donor.
- the number average envelope degree 1 can be controlled within the range of the present invention by controlling the concentration of the complexing agent in the reaction vessel so that the ratio of the molar concentration of the manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction vessel is in the range of 1.0-2.0.
- the pH value is defined as the value measured when the temperature of the mixed liquid is 40°C.
- the pH of the mixed liquid is measured when the temperature of the mixed liquid sampled from the reaction tank reaches 40°C.
- the temperature of the sampled mixed liquid is lower than 40°C, heat the mixed liquid and measure the pH when it reaches 40°C. If the temperature of the sampled mixed liquid is higher than 40°C, cool the mixed liquid and measure the pH when it reaches 40°C.
- the temperature of the reaction tank is controlled within a range of, for example, 20°C or higher and 80°C or lower, preferably 30°C or higher and 70°C or lower.
- the pH value in the reaction tank is controlled within the range of, for example, pH 10-pH 13, preferably pH 11-pH 13.
- the materials in the reaction vessel are mixed by stirring.
- the stirring rotation speed is preferably more than 1000 rpm, more preferably 1100 rpm or more, and even more preferably 1500 rpm or more. By stirring under such stirring conditions, the supplied raw material liquids are likely to be mixed uniformly.
- the generated nuclei overflow from the reaction tank and are precipitated and concentrated in a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe. It is preferable to adjust the certain time appropriately depending on the amount of raw material liquid sent and the slurry concentration in the reaction tank. In general, 0.1 to 10 hours is preferable.
- the reaction tank and the concentration tank It is preferable to supply nitrogen gas or argon gas into the reaction tank and the concentration tank. Supplying these gases can prevent Mn, which is easily oxidized, from being oxidized and changing into oxide particles of irregular shape.
- the number average envelopment degree 1 can be controlled within the range of the present invention.
- the concentration of the complexing agent in the reaction tank during the nucleus growth process can be controlled so that the ratio of the molar concentration of the manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank is in the range of 1.0-2.0, thereby controlling the number average envelopment degree of 1 within the range of the present invention.
- the pH during the nucleus growth process is controlled within the range of, for example, pH 9-pH 12, preferably pH 9-pH 11.5.
- the above-mentioned process results in a slurry containing nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide as a metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry.
- the mixture is dehydrated, dried and sieved to obtain a hydroxide precursor containing Ni, Co and Mn.
- Step of calcining mixture of hydroxide precursor and lithium compound This step is a step of calcining the mixture obtained by mixing the lithium compound and the hydroxide precursor.
- the hydroxide precursor is dried and then mixed with the lithium compound. After drying the hydroxide precursor, it may be classified as appropriate.
- the lithium compound may be at least one of lithium carbonate, lithium nitrate, lithium acetate, lithium hydroxide, lithium oxide, lithium chloride, and lithium fluoride. Of these, lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate, or a mixture thereof, are preferred. In addition, when the lithium hydroxide contains lithium carbonate, the content of lithium carbonate in the lithium hydroxide is preferably 5 mass% or less.
- the lithium compound and hydroxide precursor are mixed in consideration of the composition ratio of the final product to obtain a mixture. Specifically, the lithium compound and hydroxide precursor are mixed in a ratio corresponding to the composition ratio of the above composition formula (1).
- the amount (molar ratio) of lithium atoms per total amount of metal atoms contained in the hydroxide precursor is preferably 1.10 or more, more preferably 1.12 or more, and even more preferably 1.15 or more.
- the mixture of lithium compound and hydroxide precursor is calcined to obtain a calcined product.
- the resulting mixture is fired, for example, in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at a firing temperature of 500-1050°C.
- a firing temperature of 500-1050°C By firing the mixture, crystals of lithium metal composite oxide grow.
- the firing temperature in this specification means the temperature of the atmosphere in the firing furnace, and refers to the maximum temperature that can be maintained (maximum maintenance temperature).
- the firing temperature means the temperature at which the material is heated at the highest holding temperature in each heating step.
- the holding temperature is preferably 550-1000°C, more preferably 600-1000°C.
- the time for which the temperature is maintained can be 0.1 to 20 hours, with 0.5 to 10 hours being preferred.
- the heating rate is calculated from the time from when heating starts in the baking equipment until the maximum holding temperature is reached, and the temperature difference from the temperature at the start of heating in the baking equipment's furnace to the maximum holding temperature.
- the fired product is weakly crushed under conditions with weak crushing force or using a device with weak crushing force.
- the calcined product can be crushed, for example, by using a disk mill.
- the conditions for crushing the reactants using a disk mill include operating the disk mill at a rotation speed of 500-2000 rpm.
- the number average envelopment degrees 1 and 2, CD10 and CD90 of the lithium metal composite oxide powder can be controlled within the above-mentioned ranges.
- the solid-state secondary battery may be an all-solid-state secondary battery having a solid electrolyte layer made of a solid electrolyte, or may be a solid-state secondary battery in which the solid electrolyte layer contains a trace amount of an organic solvent or an ionic liquid.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a solid-state secondary battery.
- the solid-state secondary battery 1000 shown in FIG. 1 has a laminate 100 having a positive electrode 110, a negative electrode 120, and a solid electrolyte layer 130, and an exterior body 200 that houses the laminate 100.
- the solid-state secondary battery 1000 may also have a bipolar structure in which a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are disposed on both sides of a current collector.
- a specific example of a bipolar structure is the structure described in JP-A-2004-95400. The materials constituting each member will be described later.
- the laminate 100 may have an external terminal 113 connected to the positive electrode collector 112 and an external terminal 123 connected to the negative electrode collector 122.
- the solid secondary battery 1000 may have a separator between the positive electrode 110 and the negative electrode 120.
- the solid-state secondary battery 1000 further includes an insulator (not shown) that insulates the laminate 100 from the exterior body 200, and a sealing body (not shown) that seals the opening 200a of the exterior body 200.
- the exterior body 200 may be a container molded from a highly corrosion-resistant metal material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or nickel-plated steel.
- the exterior body 200 may be a container made of a laminate film processed into a bag shape with corrosion resistance applied to at least one side.
- the shape of the solid-state secondary battery 1000 can be, for example, a coin type, a button type, a paper type (or a sheet type), a cylindrical type, a square type, or a laminate type (pouch type).
- the solid-state secondary battery 1000 is illustrated having one laminate 100, but this embodiment is not limited to this.
- the solid-state secondary battery 1000 may have a configuration in which the laminate 100 is a unit cell, and multiple unit cells (laminated bodies 100) are sealed inside the exterior body 200.
- the positive electrode 110 includes a positive electrode active material layer 111 and a positive electrode current collector 112 .
- the positive electrode active material layer 111 contains the lithium metal composite oxide powder and solid electrolyte, which are one embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the positive electrode active material layer 111 may also contain a conductive material and a binder.
- Solid electrolyte A solid electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity and used in a known solid secondary battery can be used as the solid electrolyte contained in the positive electrode active material layer 111.
- Examples of such a solid electrolyte include inorganic electrolytes and organic electrolytes.
- Inorganic electrolytes include argyrodide-type sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide-based solid electrolytes, sulfide-based solid electrolytes, and hydride-based solid electrolytes.
- Organic electrolytes include polymer-based solid electrolytes. Examples of each electrolyte include compounds described in WO2020/208872A1, US2016/0233510A1, US2012/0251871A1, and US2018/0159169A1, such as the following compounds:
- argyrodide-type sulfide solid electrolyte examples include Li 6 PS 5 Cl, Li 6 PS 5 Br, and Li 6 PS 5 I.
- oxide-based solid electrolytes examples include perovskite-type oxides, NASICON-type oxides, LISICON-type oxides, and garnet-type oxides. Specific examples of each oxide are described in WO2020/208872A1, US2016/0233510A1, Examples of the compounds include those described in US2020/0259213A1, such as the following compounds.
- perovskite oxides examples include Li-La-Ti oxides such as Li a La 1-a TiO 3 (0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1), Li-La-Ta oxides such as Li b La 1-b TaO 3 (0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1), and Li-La-Nb oxides such as Li c La 1-c NbO 3 (0 ⁇ c ⁇ 1).
- the NASICON type oxide includes Li1 + dAldTi2 -d ( PO4 ) 3 (0 ⁇ d ⁇ 1 ) , etc.
- the NASICON type oxide is an oxide represented by LimM1nM2oPpOq (wherein M1 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of B, Al , Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, and Se, M2 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Ge, In, Ga, Sn, and Al, and m, n, o, p, and q are any positive numbers).
- LISICON type oxides include oxides represented by Li 4 M 3 O 4 --Li 3 M 4 O 4 (M 3 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and Ti. M 4 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of P, As, and V).
- garnet-type oxides include Li-La-Zr oxides such as Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (also called LLZ).
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte may be a crystalline material or an amorphous material.
- sulfide solid electrolyte examples include Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 -based compounds, Li 2 S—SiS 2 -based compounds, Li 2 S—GeS 2 -based compounds, Li 2 S—B 2 S 3- based compounds, LiI- Examples of such compounds include Si 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compounds, LiI-Li 2 S-P 2 O 5 based compounds, LiI-Li 3 PO 4 -P 2 S 5 based compounds, and Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 based compounds. can be done.
- sulfide-based compound referring to a sulfide-based solid electrolyte is used as a general term for solid electrolytes mainly containing raw materials such as "Li 2 S” and "P 2 S 5 " described before "sulfide-based compound".
- Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -based compounds include solid electrolytes mainly containing Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 and further containing other raw materials.
- the ratio of Li 2 S contained in the Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -based compound is, for example, 50 to 90 mass% with respect to the entire Li 2 S-P 2 S 5- based compound.
- the ratio of P 2 S 5 contained in the Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -based compound is, for example, 10 to 50 mass% with respect to the entire Li 2 S-P 2 S 5- based compound.
- the ratio of other raw materials contained in the Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compound is, for example, 0 to 30 mass % relative to the entire Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compound.
- the Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compound also includes solid electrolytes with different mixture ratios of Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 .
- Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compounds include Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -LiI, Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -LiCl, Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -LiBr, Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -LiI-LiBr, Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -Li 2 O, Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -Li 2 O-LiI and Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 -Z m S n (m and n are positive numbers; Z is Ge, Zn or Ga).
- Li 2 S-SiS 2 -based compounds include Li 2 S-SiS 2 , Li 2 S-SiS 2 -LiI, Li 2 S-SiS 2 -LiBr, Li 2 S-SiS 2 -LiCl, and Li 2 S-SiS. 2 -B 2 S 3 -LiI, Li 2 S-SiS 2 -P 2 S 5 -LiI, Li 2 S-SiS 2 -P 2 S 5 -LiCl, Li 2 S-SiS 2 -Li 3 PO 4 , Li 2 S-SiS 2 -Li 2 SO 4 and Li 2 S-SiS 2 -Li x MO y (x and y are positive numbers.
- M is P, Si, Ge, B, Al, Ga, or In.)
- Li 2 S—GeS 2 based compounds examples include Li 2 S—GeS 2 and Li 2 S—GeS 2 —P 2 S 5 .
- the sulfide-based solid electrolyte may be a crystalline material or an amorphous material.
- hydride-based solid electrolyte materials include LiBH4 , LiBH4-3KI , LiBH4- PI2 , LiBH4 - P2S5 , LiBH4- LiNH2 , 3LiBH4- LiI , LiNH2 , Li2AlH6 , Li(NH2) 2I , Li2NH , LiGd( BH4 ) 3Cl , Li2 ( BH4 )( NH2 ), Li3 ( NH2 )I, and Li4 ( BH4 ) ( NH2 ) 3 .
- polymer-based solid electrolyte examples include organic polymer electrolytes such as polyethylene oxide polymer compounds and polymer compounds containing at least one selected from the group consisting of polyorganosiloxane chains and polyoxyalkylene chains. Also, so-called gel-type electrolytes in which a non-aqueous electrolyte solution is held in a polymer compound can be used.
- Two or more solid electrolytes can be used in combination as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired.
- the average particle size of the solid electrolyte powder is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- a carbon material can be used as the conductive material contained in the positive electrode active material layer 111.
- the carbon material include graphite powder, carbon black (for example, acetylene black), and fibrous carbon material.
- the proportion of the conductive material in the positive electrode active material layer 111 is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material.
- the binder of the positive electrode may be a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin include polyimide resin, fluororesin such as polyvinylidene fluoride (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PVdF) and polytetrafluoroethylene, polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and resins described in WO2019/098384A1 or US2020/0274158A1.
- the positive electrode current collector 112 of the positive electrode 110 may be a strip-shaped member made of a metal material such as Al, Ni, or stainless steel.
- One method for supporting the positive electrode active material layer 111 on the positive electrode current collector 112 is to pressure mold the positive electrode active material layer 111 on the positive electrode current collector 112. Cold pressing or hot pressing can be used for pressure molding.
- a mixture of the positive electrode active material, solid electrolyte, conductive material, and binder may be made into a paste using an organic solvent to form a positive electrode mixture, and the resulting positive electrode mixture may be applied to at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector 112, dried, and pressed to adhere, thereby supporting the positive electrode active material layer 111 on the positive electrode current collector 112.
- a mixture of the positive electrode active material, the solid electrolyte, and the conductive material may be made into a paste using an organic solvent to form a positive electrode mixture, and the resulting positive electrode mixture may be applied to at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector 112, dried, and sintered to support the positive electrode active material layer 111 on the positive electrode current collector 112.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- Examples of a method for applying the positive electrode mixture to the positive electrode current collector 112 include a slit die coating method, a screen coating method, a curtain coating method, a knife coating method, a gravure coating method, and an electrostatic spray method.
- the positive electrode can be produced by the above-mentioned methods.
- the positive electrode 110 can be manufactured by the method described above. Specific combinations of materials used for the positive electrode 110 include the positive electrode active material of this embodiment and the combinations listed in Table 1.
- the negative electrode 120 has a negative electrode active material layer 121 and a negative electrode current collector 122.
- the negative electrode active material layer 121 contains a negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode active material layer 121 may also contain a solid electrolyte and a conductive material.
- the negative electrode active material, the negative electrode current collector, the solid electrolyte, the conductive material, and the binder may be those described above.
- methods for supporting the negative electrode active material layer 121 on the negative electrode current collector 122 include a pressure molding method, a method in which a paste-like negative electrode mixture containing the negative electrode active material is applied to the negative electrode current collector 122, dried, and then pressed to bond, and a method in which a paste-like negative electrode mixture containing the negative electrode active material is applied to the negative electrode current collector 122, dried, and then sintered.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 includes the above-mentioned solid electrolyte. In one embodiment of the present invention, the solid electrolyte layer 130 comprises a solid electrolyte. In one embodiment of the present invention, the solid electrolyte layer 130 may contain a solid electrolyte and a trace amount of either or both of an organic solvent and an ionic liquid.
- Examples of the organic solvent that may be contained in the solid electrolyte layer 130 include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate.
- the ionic liquid that may be contained in the solid electrolyte 130 is composed of an anion such as triflate or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and a cation such as ammonium, imidazolium, or pyridinium.
- the weight ratio of either or both of the organic solvent and the ionic liquid to the total amount of the solid electrolyte contained in the solid electrolyte layer 130 is preferably 0.1 to 1.0.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 can be formed by depositing an inorganic solid electrolyte by sputtering on the surface of the positive electrode active material layer 111 of the above-mentioned positive electrode 110.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 can be formed by applying a paste-like mixture containing a solid electrolyte to the surface of the positive electrode active material layer 111 of the above-mentioned positive electrode 110 and drying it. After drying, the mixture may be press-molded and further pressed by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) to form the solid electrolyte layer 130.
- CIP cold isostatic pressing
- the laminate 100 can be manufactured by laminating the negative electrode 120 to the solid electrolyte layer 130 provided on the positive electrode 110 as described above, using a known method, in such a manner that the negative electrode active material layer 121 contacts the surface of the solid electrolyte layer 130.
- the positive electrode active material layer uses the lithium metal composite oxide powder of the present embodiment described above, so the resistance is low even when the solid-state secondary battery is repeatedly charged and discharged.
- the positive electrode active material, conductive material, and solid electrolyte are mixed in a mortar for 15 minutes to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and 15 mg of the positive electrode mixture is placed on top of the solid electrolyte layer formed in the mold.
- the upper punch is inserted again, and pressure is applied up to 10 MPa with a uniaxial press to prepare a positive electrode on the solid electrolyte layer.
- the lower punch is removed, and lithium metal foil (manufactured by Honjo Chemical Co., Ltd.) and indium metal foil (manufactured by Nilaco Corporation) are placed on the solid electrolyte on the side opposite to the side to which the positive electrode mixture was added.
- the lower punch is then reinserted, and the battery is pressurized to 14 MPa using a uniaxial press and restrained from the outside to create a solid-state secondary battery.
- a charge/discharge test is carried out under the following conditions using the solid secondary battery produced by the above method.
- Test temperature 60°C (First charge/discharge (initial)) Maximum charging voltage 3.98V, charging current density 0.1C, cutoff current density 0.02C, constant current-constant voltage charging Minimum discharging voltage 1.38V, discharge current density 0.1C, constant current discharging (charge-discharge cycle test) Maximum charging voltage 3.88 V, charging current density 0.2 C, cutoff current density 0.02 C, constant current-constant voltage charging Minimum discharging voltage 1.38 V, discharge current density 0.2 C, constant current discharging The above charging and discharging constitute one cycle, and a total of 20 cycles were performed.
- AC impedance measurement After constant current-constant voltage charging with a maximum charging voltage of 3.98 V, a charging current density of 0.1 C, and a cutoff current density of 0.02 C, AC impedance measurement is performed at 25° C., a voltage amplitude of 10 mV, and a frequency range of 1 to 10 MHz.
- at a frequency of 0.1 Hz obtained by measuring the AC impedance of the solid secondary battery using the above method is calculated and used as the resistance value after the charge-discharge cycle test. If the resistance value after the charge-discharge cycle test is 200 ⁇ or less, it is determined that the resistance remains low even after the charge-discharge cycle test.
- composition of the lithium metal composite oxide powder produced by the method described below was analyzed by the method described above in [Composition Analysis].
- the lithium metal composite oxide powder produced by the method described below was placed on a conductive sheet attached to a sample stage. Next, using a scanning electron microscope, the lithium metal composite oxide powder was irradiated with an electron beam at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV and observed under SEM (magnification: 10,000 times).
- the scanning electron microscope used was a JSM-5510 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- ⁇ Coating Treatment of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide> 1% by weight of H 3 BO 3 (manufactured by Wako) was added to and mixed with the lithium metal composite oxide powder produced in the Examples and Comparative Examples described below, and heat-treated at 300° C. to form a lithium-boron composite oxide layer with a thickness of about 5 nm on the surface of the lithium metal composite oxide, which was used as the positive electrode active material. Since the coating layer is very thin at about 5 nm, the positive electrode active material has the number average envelopment degree 1, number average envelopment degree 2, CD10, and CD90 equivalent to those of the lithium metal composite oxide.
- Example 1 Provide of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide E1> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a nickel sulfate aqueous solution and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution were mixed in a ratio such that the atomic ratio of Ni to Mn was 0.35:0.65 to prepare a metal raw material mixture.
- ammonium sulfate crystals, a complexing agent were added to the reaction tank, and nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank and concentration tank.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 1.6.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.7 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, and then dried at 105° C. for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel manganese metal composite hydroxide E1.
- the resulting mixed raw material was then sintered at 1000°C for 10 hours in an air atmosphere and crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain a lithium metal composite oxide E1.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 54.7 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide E1 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 0.6 m 2 /g.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the number average envelopment degree 1, number average envelopment degree 2, CD10, CD90 and BET specific surface area of lithium metal composite oxide E1. The same applies to the subsequent examples and comparative examples.
- Figure 2 shows a scanning electron microscope photograph of lithium metal composite oxide E1.
- Example 2 ⁇ Production of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide E2> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a metal raw material mixture was prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate, and an aqueous solution of manganese sulfate in a ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn atomic ratio of 0.34:0.14:0.52.
- ammonium sulfate crystals, a complexing agent were added to the reaction tank, and nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank and concentration tank.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 1.2.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.7 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, then dried at 105°C for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide E2.
- the resulting mixed raw material was sintered in an air atmosphere at 900°C for 10 hours and crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain lithium metal composite oxide E2.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 47.3 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide E2 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 0.9 m 2 /g.
- Example 3 Provide of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide E3> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a metal raw material mixture was prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate, and an aqueous solution of manganese sulfate in a ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn at an atomic ratio of 0.17:0.17:0.66.
- ammonium sulfate crystals, a complexing agent were added to the reaction tank, and nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank and concentration tank.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 1.6.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.7 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, then dried at 105°C for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide E3.
- the resulting mixed raw material was sintered in an air atmosphere at 900°C for 10 hours and crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain lithium metal composite oxide E3.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 32.5 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide E3 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 0.9 m 2 /g.
- Example 4 Provide of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide E4> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a metal raw material mixture was prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate, and an aqueous solution of manganese sulfate in a ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn that was 0.23:0.23:0.54.
- ammonium sulfate crystals, a complexing agent were added to the reaction tank, and nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank and concentration tank.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 1.3.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 12.5 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, then dried at 105°C for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide E4.
- the resulting mixed raw material was sintered in an air atmosphere at 900°C for 10 hours and crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain lithium metal composite oxide E4.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 32.5 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide E4 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 0.9 m 2 /g.
- Comparative Example 1 ⁇ Production of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide C1> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a metal raw material mixture was prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate, and an aqueous solution of manganese sulfate in a ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn that was 0.23:0.23:0.54.
- ammonium sulfate crystals which act as a complexing agent, were added to the reaction tank, nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank, and the concentration tank was placed under atmospheric air.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 1.3.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.7 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, then dried at 105°C for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide C1.
- the resulting mixed raw material was sintered in an air atmosphere at 1100°C for 10 hours, crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm, and further crushed in an agate mortar to obtain lithium metal composite oxide C1.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 33.2 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide C1 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 0.6 m 2 /g.
- Comparative Example 2 ⁇ Production of Lithium Metal Composite Oxide C2> [Nucleation process] An apparatus was used that had a reaction tank equipped with an agitator and an overflow pipe, a concentration tank connected to the overflow pipe, and a mechanism for circulating water from the concentration tank to the reaction tank. After water was poured into the reaction tank, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added and the liquid temperature was maintained at 30°C.
- a nickel sulfate aqueous solution, a cobalt sulfate aqueous solution, and a manganese sulfate aqueous solution were mixed in such a ratio that the atomic ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn was 0.34:0.33:0.33 to prepare a metal raw material mixture.
- ammonium sulfate crystals which act as a complexing agent, were added to the reaction tank, nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the reaction tank, and the concentration tank was placed under atmospheric air.
- the metal raw material mixture was continuously added at a liquid feed rate of 10 mL/min, and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate was continuously added to the reaction tank at a ratio such that the ratio of the molar concentration of manganese salt contained in the metal raw material liquid to the molar concentration of ammonium in the reaction tank was 0.8.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was also added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.7 (set temperature: 40°C).
- nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide-containing slurry was washed and dehydrated, then dried at 105°C for 20 hours and sieved to obtain nickel-cobalt-manganese metal composite hydroxide C2.
- the resulting mixed raw material was sintered in an air atmosphere at 950°C for 10 hours and crushed using a disk mill at a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain lithium metal composite oxide C2.
- the proportion of Ni contained in M1 was 34.9 mol%.
- the lithium metal composite oxide C2 had a layered structure and a specific surface area of 1.0 m 2 /g.
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Abstract
Description
[1]層状構造を有し、少なくともLiとMnと元素M1を含む固体二次電池に用いられるリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末であって、静的画像解析によって測定される、前記リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の投影面積円相当径の体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小粒子側からの累積割合が50%、90%となる円相当径(μm)をそれぞれCD50、CD90としたとき、前記CD50以上前記CD90以下の範囲を満たす粒子の数平均包絡度が0.860以上0.980以下であり、下記組成式(1)を満たす、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
aLi2MnO3・(1-a)LiM1O2 ・・・(1)
(式(1)中、0.1<a<1であり、M1はNi、Co、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ti、V、Na、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Si、P、W、Mo、Nb、Zn、Sn、Zr、Cr、Ga、Ge、Pd、Ag、Cd、In及びVからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素である。)
[2]前記累積粒度分布において、小粒子側からの累積割合が10%となる円相当径(μm)をCD10としたとき、前記CD10以上前記CD50以下の範囲を満たす粒子の数平均包絡度が0.950以上1未満である、[1]に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
[3]前記CD90は7.0μmを超え20.0μm以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
[4]前記CD10は3.0μm以上7.0μm以下である、[2]又は[3]に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
[5]BET比表面積が0.3m2/g以上2.0m2/g以下である、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
[6]前記元素M1はNiを必須とし、元素M1の全量中のNiの割合が20mol%以上である、[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
[7][1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を含む、固体二次電池用正極活物質。
[8][7]に記載の固体二次電池用正極活物質を含む固体二次電池用正極。
[9][8]に記載の固体二次電池用正極を含む固体二次電池。
本実施形態は、固体二次電池の正極活物質に好適に用いることができるリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末である。
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の包絡度とは、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の平面画像において測定される一粒子の周囲長に対する包絡線長の比、即ち周囲長包絡度である。以下、周囲長包絡度を包絡度と省略して記載する。
本明細書において、数平均包絡度はリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末が固体電解質に接する度合の大小を示す指標となる。
包絡度=包絡周囲長/実際の周囲長
包絡周囲長は、一粒子の輪郭の周囲に巻き付けた仮想の輪ゴムから計算する。
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の数平均包絡度は、以下の方法により測定する。
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の数平均包絡度は、静的画像解析によって測定される。
静的画像解析は、静的自動画像分析装置により行うことができる。静的自動画像分析装置としては例えば、マルバーン・パナリティカル社製のモフォロギ4が使用できる。静的自動画像分析装置により各粒子の包絡度と投影面積円相当径が自動で測定される。
まず、0.5mgのリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を分析装置供給部に導入し、プレパラートに吹き付けて固定する。
次に、固定した粒子を光学顕微鏡により観察し、画像を取得する。取得した画像を解析し、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の投影面積円相当径を算出する。得られた投影面積円相当径から、体積基準の累積粒度分布を得る。
上記上限値および下限値は任意に組み合わせることができる。組み合わせの例としては、数平均包絡度2は、0.960-0.995が好ましく、0.960-0.990がより好ましい。
CD90が上記範囲を満たすと、リチウムイオンの拡散距離が長い粗大なリチウム金属複合酸化物の割合が少ないため、放電レート特性が優れるため好ましい。
CD10が上記範囲を満たすと、正極内で導電材や固体電解質と接触できずに電気的に孤立する微小なリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の割合を低減でき、高い充放電容量が得られるため好ましい。
「BET比表面積」は、BET(Brunauer,Emmett,Teller)法によって測定される値である。BET比表面積の測定では、吸着ガスとして窒素ガスを用いる。例えば、測定対象粉末1gを窒素雰囲気中、105℃で30分間乾燥させた後、BET比表面積計(例えば、マウンテック社製、Macsorb(登録商標))を用いて測定することができる(単位:m2/g)。
aLi2MnO3・(1-a)LiM1O2 ・・・(1)
(式(1)中、0.1<a<1であり、M1はNi、Co、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ti、V、Na、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Si、P、W、Mo、Nb、Zn、Sn、Zr、Cr、Ga、Ge、Pd、Ag、Cd、In及びVからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素である。)
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の組成は、例えば、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を塩酸に溶解させた後、誘導結合プラズマ発光分析装置(例えば、エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製、SPS3000)を用いて行うことができる。
リチウム金属複合酸化物の粒子の表面には、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する金属複合酸化物からなる被覆層を形成してもよい。リチウム金属複合酸化物の粒子の表面に被覆層を形成することで、リチウム金属複合酸化物と固体電解質との間で生じる固体電解質の分解反応が抑制され、固体二次電池の充放電効率が高くなる。例えば固体電解質として、後述のアルジロダイト型硫化物固体電解質や硫化物固体電解質を用いる場合、リチウム金属複合酸化物の表面に被覆層を形成することで、固体電解質の分解反応が抑制され、安定した電池動作が可能となる。
次に、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の製造方法について説明する。
リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の製造方法は、水酸化物前駆体の製造工程と、水酸化物前駆体とリチウム化合物との混合物を焼成する工程、焼成工程により得られた焼成品を解砕する工程を少なくとも含む。
水酸化物前駆体は、通常公知の半連続法(セミバッチ法)により製造することが可能である。好ましい反応槽としては、オーバーフローパイプを備えない反応槽、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽を備え、オーバーフローした生成物を濃縮槽で濃縮し、再び反応槽へ循環させる機構を有する装置が挙げられる。
以下、金属として、Ni、Co及びMnを含む水酸化物前駆体を半連続法にて製造する方法を例に、その製造方法を詳述する。
水酸化物前駆体は、Ni、Co、及びMnを含む金属複合水酸化物が挙げられる。
金属原料混合液、錯化剤及びアルカリ性水溶液を反応させ、Ni1-x-yCoxMnyOw(OH)2-w(0<1-x-y、0<x、0<y、0<w<1)で表される金属複合水酸化物の核を生成する。金属原料混合液は、ニッケル塩溶液、コバルト塩溶液、マンガン塩溶液の混合液である。
攪拌回転数の一例をあげると、攪拌回転数は1000rpmを超えることが好ましく、1100rpm以上がより好ましく、1500rpm以上がさらに好ましい。このような攪拌条件で攪拌することにより、供給した各原料液が均一に混合されやすい。
濃縮された核含有スラリーは反応槽に還流され、反応槽において再度、核を成長させる。
本工程は、リチウム化合物と水酸化物前駆体とを混合して得られる混合物を焼成する工程である。
焼成工程が、複数の加熱工程を有する場合、焼成温度とは、各加熱工程のうち最高保持温度で加熱した際の温度を意味する。
次いで、固体二次電池の構成を説明しながら、本発明の一態様に係るリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を固体二次電池の正極活物質として用いた正極、及びこの正極を有する固体二次電池について説明する。
正極110は、正極活物質層111と正極集電体112とを有している。
正極活物質層111に含まれる固体電解質としては、リチウムイオン伝導性を有し、公知の固体二次電池に用いられる固体電解質を採用することができる。このような固体電解質としては、無機電解質及び有機電解質を挙げることができる。
アルジロダイド型硫化物固体電解質としては、例えば、Li6PS5Cl、Li6PS5Br及びLi6PS5Iが挙げられる。
酸化物系固体電解質としては、例えば、ペロブスカイト型酸化物、NASICON型酸化物、LISICON型酸化物及びガーネット型酸化物などが挙げられる。各酸化物の具体例は、WO2020/208872A1、US2016/0233510A1、US2020/0259213A1に記載の化合物が挙げられ、例えば、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
硫化物系固体電解質としては、Li2S-P2S5系化合物、Li2S-SiS2系化合物、Li2S-GeS2系化合物、Li2S-B2S3系化合物、LiI-Si2S-P2S5系化合物、LiI-Li2S-P2O5系化合物、LiI-Li3PO4-P2S5系化合物及びLi10GeP2S12系化合物などを挙げることができる。
水素化物系固体電解質材料としては、LiBH4、LiBH4-3KI、LiBH4-PI2、LiBH4-P2S5、LiBH4-LiNH2、3LiBH4-LiI、LiNH2、Li2AlH6、Li(NH2)2I、Li2NH、LiGd(BH4)3Cl、Li2(BH4)(NH2)、Li3(NH2)I及びLi4(BH4)(NH2)3などを挙げることができる。
ポリマー系固体電解質として、例えばポリエチレンオキサイド系の高分子化合物及びポリオルガノシロキサン鎖及びポリオキシアルキレン鎖からなる群から選ばれる1種以上を含む高分子化合物などの有機系高分子電解質を挙げることができる。また、高分子化合物に非水電解液を保持させた、いわゆるゲルタイプのものを用いることもできる。
正極活物質層111が有する導電材としては、炭素材料を用いることができる。炭素材料として黒鉛粉末、カーボンブラック(例えばアセチレンブラック)及び繊維状炭素材料などを挙げることができる。
正極が有するバインダーとしては、熱可塑性樹脂を用いることができる。この熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリイミド樹脂;ポリフッ化ビニリデン(以下、PVdFということがある。)、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンなどのフッ素樹脂;ポリエチレン及びポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン樹脂、WO2019/098384A1またはUS2020/0274158A1に記載の樹脂を挙げることができる。
正極110が有する正極集電体112としては、Al、Ni又はステンレスなどの金属材料を形成材料とする帯状の部材を用いることができる。
以上に挙げられた方法により、正極を製造することができる。
負極120は、負極活物質層121と負極集電体122とを有している。負極活物質層121は、負極活物質を含む。また、負極活物質層121は、固体電解質及び導電材を含んでいてもよい。負極活物質、負極集電体、固体電解質、導電材及びバインダーは、上述したものを用いることができる。
固体電解質層130は、上述の固体電解質を有している。
本発明の一態様において、固体電解質層130は固体電解質からなる。
本発明の一態様において、固体電解質層130は、固体電解質と微量の有機溶媒とイオン液体のいずれか一方又は両方を含んでもよい。
固体電解質130が含んでいてもよいイオン液体としては、トリフレート、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドなどのアニオンと、アンモニウム、イミダゾリウム、ピリジニウムなどのカチオンから構成される。
有機溶媒とイオン液体のいずれか一方又は両方は、固体電解質層130に含まれる固体電解質の全量に対し、0.1-1.0重量割合が好ましい。
(固体二次電池の製造)
以下の操作を、アルゴン雰囲気のグローブボックス内で行う。
φ10mmのペレット成型用金型(宝泉株式会社製)内に、固体電解質(MSE社製、75Li2S・25P2S5、平均粒径1μm以下)を0.16g入れ、上下ポンチを金型内に押し込み、一軸プレス機で10MPaまで加圧し、固体電解質層を作製する。
上記の方法で作製した固体二次電池を用いて、以下に示す条件で充放電試験を実施する。
試験温度:60℃
(充放電1回目(初回))
充電最大電圧3.98V、充電電流密度0.1C、カットオフ電流密度0.02C、定電流-定電圧充電
放電最小電圧1.38V、放電電流密度0.1C、定電流放電
(充放電サイクル試験)
充電最大電圧3.88V、充電電流密度0.2C、カットオフ電流密度0.02C、定電流-定電圧充電
放電最小電圧1.38V、放電電流密度0.2C、定電流放電
上記充電と放電を1サイクルとし、計20サイクル実施する。
(交流インピーダンス測定)
充電最大電圧3.98V、充電電流密度0.1C、カットオフ電流密度0.02C、定電流-定電圧充電後、25℃にて電圧振幅10mV、周波数範囲1~10MHzの範囲で交流インピーダンス測定を実施する。
後述する方法により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の組成分析は、上記[組成分析]に記載の方法により実施した。
上記[数平均包絡度の測定方法]に記載の方法により、後述する方法により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の数平均包絡度1及び数平均包絡度2を測定した。
上記[数平均包絡度の測定方法]に記載の方法により、後述する方法により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末のCD90及びCD10を測定した。
上記[BET比表面積の測定方法]に記載の方法により、後述する方法により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末のBET比表面積を測定した。
後述する方法により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を、サンプルステージ上に貼った導電性シート上に載せた。次いで、走査型電子顕微鏡を用い、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末に加速電圧が15kVの電子線を照射して、SEM観察(倍率:10000倍)を行った。
走査型電子顕微鏡としては、日本電子株式会社製JSM-5510を使用した。
後述する方法により製造した正極活物質を用いた固体二次電池の充放電サイクル試験後の抵抗値は、上記[充放電サイクル試験後の抵抗測定]に記載の方法により測定した。
上記の方法で固体二次電池を作製、評価するにあたり、後述の実施例、比較例により製造したリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末にH3BO3(Wako製)を1重量%添加混合し、300℃熱処理することで、リチウム金属複合酸化物の表面に膜厚約5nmのリチウム-ホウ素複合酸化物層を形成し、正極活物質として用いた。被覆層は約5nmと非常に薄いため、正極活物質はリチウム金属複合酸化物と同等の数平均包絡度1、数平均包絡度2、CD10およびCD90を有している。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物E1の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽および濃縮槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給した状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が1.6となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から94時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
その後、得られた混合原料を、大気雰囲気下、1000℃で10時間焼成し、ディスクミルを用いて回転数1200rpmで解砕することによりリチウム金属複合酸化物E1を得た。組成分析を行い、組成式(1)に対応させたところ、a=0.34、M1=Ni、Mnであった。またM1に含まれるNiの割合は、54.7モル%であった。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物E2の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽および濃縮槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給した状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が1.2となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から44時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物E3の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽および濃縮槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給した状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が1.2となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から91時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物E4の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽および濃縮槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給した状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が1.3となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から47時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物C1の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給し、濃縮槽は大気雰囲気とした状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が1.3となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から27時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
<リチウム金属複合酸化物C2の製造>
[核生成工程]
攪拌器及びオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内と、オーバーフローパイプに連結された濃縮槽、および濃縮槽から反応槽へ循環を行う機構を有する装置を用い、反応槽に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を30℃に保持した。
続いて、反応槽に窒素ガスを連続的に供給し、濃縮槽は大気雰囲気とした状態で、核生成工程を行った反応槽に、金属原料混合液を8mL/min、反応槽内のアンモニウムのモル濃度に対する金属原料液に含まれるマンガン塩のモル濃度の比が0.8となる割合で反応槽内に硫酸アンモニウム水溶液を連続的に添加した。また反応槽内の溶液のpHが11.0(測定温度:40℃)になるよう水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を適時滴下した。核成長工程開始から18時間経過した後、すべての送液を停止し晶析反応を終了した。
Claims (9)
- 層状構造を有し、少なくともLiとMnと元素M1を含む固体二次電池に用いられるリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末であって、
静的画像解析によって測定される、前記リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末の投影面積円相当径の体積基準の累積粒度分布において、小粒子側からの累積割合が50%、90%となる円相当径(μm)をそれぞれCD50、CD90としたとき、
前記CD50以上前記CD90以下の範囲を満たす粒子の数平均包絡度が0.860以上0.980以下であり、
下記組成式(1)を満たす、リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
aLi2MnO3・(1-a)LiM1O2・・・(1)
(式(1)中、0.1<a<1であり、M1はNi、Co、Mn、Fe、Cu、Ti、V、Na、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Si、P、W、Mo、Nb、Zn、Sn、Zr、Cr、Ga、Ge、Pd、Ag、Cd、In及びVからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素である。) - 前記累積粒度分布において、小粒子側からの累積割合が10%となる円相当径(μm)をCD10としたとき、前記CD10以上前記CD50以下の範囲を満たす粒子の数平均包絡度が0.950以上1未満である、請求項1に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
- 前記CD90は7.0μmを超え20.0μm以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
- 前記CD10は3.0μm以上7.0μm以下である、請求項2又は3に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
- BET比表面積が0.3m2/g以上2.0m2/g以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
- 前記元素M1はNiを必須とし、元素M1の全量中のNiの割合が20mol%以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム金属複合酸化物粉末を含む、固体二次電池用正極活物質。
- 請求項7に記載の固体二次電池用正極活物質を含む固体二次電池用正極。
- 請求項8に記載の固体二次電池用正極を含む固体二次電池。
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| KR1020257034308A KR20250172584A (ko) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | 리튬 금속 복합 산화물 분말, 고체 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 고체 이차 전지용 정극 및 고체 이차 전지 |
| CN202380097200.0A CN121175816A (zh) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | 锂金属复合氧化物粉末、固体二次电池用正极活性物质、固体二次电池用正极和固体二次电池 |
| PCT/JP2023/015677 WO2024218923A1 (ja) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末、固体二次電池用正極活物質、固体二次電池用正極及び固体二次電池 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016139569A (ja) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2019091719A (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2019-06-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
| JP2021022547A (ja) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-18 | Jx金属株式会社 | 全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質の製造方法及び全固体リチウムイオン電池 |
| JP2022514410A (ja) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-02-10 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | リチウム正極活物質 |
| JP2023010687A (ja) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-20 | 住友化学株式会社 | 全固体リチウムイオン電池用混合物、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質層、全固体リチウムイオン電池、移動体及び移動体駆動用バッテリー |
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- 2023-04-19 WO PCT/JP2023/015677 patent/WO2024218923A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-04-19 CN CN202380097200.0A patent/CN121175816A/zh active Pending
- 2023-04-19 KR KR1020257034308A patent/KR20250172584A/ko active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019091719A (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2019-06-13 | 住友化学株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
| JP2016139569A (ja) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2022514410A (ja) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-02-10 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | リチウム正極活物質 |
| JP2021022547A (ja) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-18 | Jx金属株式会社 | 全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質の製造方法及び全固体リチウムイオン電池 |
| JP2023010687A (ja) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-20 | 住友化学株式会社 | 全固体リチウムイオン電池用混合物、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質層、全固体リチウムイオン電池、移動体及び移動体駆動用バッテリー |
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