WO2024218159A1 - Stahlblech mit doppelschichtigem temporärem korrosionsschutz - Google Patents
Stahlblech mit doppelschichtigem temporärem korrosionsschutz Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024218159A1 WO2024218159A1 PCT/EP2024/060430 EP2024060430W WO2024218159A1 WO 2024218159 A1 WO2024218159 A1 WO 2024218159A1 EP 2024060430 W EP2024060430 W EP 2024060430W WO 2024218159 A1 WO2024218159 A1 WO 2024218159A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
- C23C22/182—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations
- C23C22/184—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations containing also nickel cations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/008—Temporary coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
- C09D5/082—Anti-corrosive paints characterised by the anti-corrosive pigment
- C09D5/086—Organic or non-macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hot-dip coated and tempered steel sheet, which has a steel substrate and a metallic tempered coating arranged on the steel substrate, containing, in addition to zinc and unavoidable impurities, aluminum with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.% and magnesium with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.%, characterized in that the metallic coating has a double-layer temporary corrosion protection.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing such a steel sheet and its use for producing a spot-free phosphated steel sheet.
- Hot-dip coated sheets which have a metallic coating which, in addition to zinc and unavoidable impurities, also contains aluminium and magnesium in the coating, are also referred to as ZM sheets (the coating is referred to as ZM for short) and have been used for years as sheets with increased corrosion protection (compared to sheets without such a coating).
- such sheets are used in the manufacture of automobiles or white goods (such as electric stoves, refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, dryers and dishwashers).
- white goods such as electric stoves, refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, dryers and dishwashers.
- This requires a coating without optical defects such as spots, light-dark coloring, orange peel, etc.
- these sheets are provided with a temporary corrosion protection and, if necessary, a functional coating before this (i.e. below the temporary corrosion protection).
- a temporary corrosion protection for phosphating and/or painting, the layers arranged on the metallic coating are removed again. Removal is usually carried out in one or more cleaning steps. It can happen that the cleaning is not complete, i.e. that residues of the coating and/or temporary corrosion protection remain on at least part of the skin-passed steel sheet.
- residues but also dirt residues such as chips, dust or other particles as well as oil, which come, for example, from the devices used both before and after cleaning, tend to accumulate in the skin-pass valleys.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a dressed ZM sheet which has temporary corrosion protection which, on the one hand, ensures good corrosion protection until the sheets are further processed and, on the other hand, enables further processing without any problems.
- the aim is to achieve the most even and homogeneous deposition of a thinner phosphate layer and to avoid spots in the phosphate layer.
- This first requires the application of complete, even and homogeneous temporary corrosion protection; in particular, the pearl strings/worm structure known to the expert should no longer be recognizable in the CuSO4 test after coating.
- the ZM sheet provided with the temporary corrosion protection must not require any new process steps or devices.
- the individual components of the temporary corrosion protection must therefore be precisely coordinated with one another.
- other aspects such as environmental protection, sustainability and, in particular, health should also be taken into account.
- the subject matter of the present invention is a hot-dip coated and tempered steel sheet which has a steel substrate and a metallic, tempered coating arranged on one or both sides of the steel substrate, containing, in addition to zinc and unavoidable impurities, aluminium with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.% and magnesium with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.%, characterized in that the metallic coating has a double-layer temporary corrosion protection.
- the term "metallic skin-pass coating” is intended to simply clarify that the substrate provided with the coating is skin-passed. This means that the skin-pass rollers are brought into contact with the metallic coating.
- the coating is arranged on one or both sides of the steel substrate, preferably on both sides. If the coating is only arranged on one side of the steel substrate, the skin-pass roller comes into direct contact with the steel substrate on this side.
- the ZM coating applied in the hot-dip coating process, comprises a zinc alloy with, in addition to zinc (remainder) and unavoidable impurities, additional elements such as aluminum with a content of between 0.1 and 8.0 wt.% and magnesium with a content of between 0.1 and 8.0 wt.%.
- additional elements such as aluminum with a content of between 0.1 and 8.0 wt.% and magnesium with a content of between 0.1 and 8.0 wt.%.
- Elements from the group Si, Sb, Bi, Zr, Ni, Cr, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Fe and Cr can be present as impurities in the melt bath in individual or cumulative amounts of up to 0.5 wt.%, in particular up to 0.4 wt.%, preferably up to 0.3 wt.%.
- Elements from the group Si, Sb, Bi, Zr, Ni, Cr, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Fe and Cr can be present as impurities in the coating in individual or cumulative amounts of up to 0.5 wt.%, in particular up to 0.4 wt.%, preferably up to 0.3 wt.%, whereby in an alternative the concentration of Fe can be higher due to the diffusion described above.
- the rest is zinc.
- Steel sheets separated from steel strips or steel sheet components made from them with a zinc-based anti-corrosion coating have very good cathodic corrosion protection and have been used in automobile construction for years.
- the coating contains magnesium with a content of at least 0.8 wt.%, in particular of at least 1.0 wt.%, preferably of at least 1.1 wt.% and aluminum with a content of at least 0.8 wt.%, in particular of at least 1.0 wt.%.
- the coating has magnesium with a content of a maximum of 8.0 wt.%, preferably a maximum of 7.0 wt.%, particularly preferably a maximum of 5.0 wt.%, in particular a maximum of 4.0 wt.% and aluminum with a content of a maximum of 8.0 wt.%, preferably a maximum of 7.0 wt.%, particularly preferably a maximum of 5.0 wt.%, in particular a maximum of 4.0 wt.%.
- these concentrations are determined as a wet-chemical determination in accordance with or based on DIN EN ISO 10111:2019 and/or DIN EN ISO 11885:2009.
- the melt applied to the steel strip while still in the liquid state is stripped off by passing the steel strip coated with liquid melt through a stripping device after leaving the melt bath, which has means, for example nozzles, in particular slot nozzles, which act on both sides of the steel strip with a gaseous stripping medium to strip off the liquid melt.
- a stripping device which has means, for example nozzles, in particular slot nozzles, which act on both sides of the steel strip with a gaseous stripping medium to strip off the liquid melt.
- the thickness of the ZM coating can be set in particular between at least 4 pm, preferably at least 5 pm and a maximum of 58 pm, preferably between 5 and a maximum of 55 pm, independently of one another on each side.
- the thickness of the coating is at least 1 pm, preferably at least 2 pm, particularly preferably at least 3 pm, in particular at least 5 pm and a maximum of 25 pm, preferably a maximum of 20 pm and particularly preferably a maximum of 15 pm, in particular a maximum of 10 pm, independently of one another on each side.
- the coating thickness is determined gravimetrically by detachment in accordance with DIN EN ISO 10111 and conversion based on the density from mass to thickness or metallographically in the micrograph.
- the ZM coating is available with a coating weight of 1 to 650 g/m2, ie 0.5 to 320 g/m2 per side, particularly preferably 10 to 500 g/m2, ie 5 to 250 g/m2 per side.
- an asymmetric coating is also possible.
- a steel sheet is provided with a Cr-free double-layer temporary corrosion protection.
- Cr-free means that Cr is present in a maximum concentration of 1000 ppm, preferably 500 ppm, in particular 100 ppm [according to VdL guideline 01 “VdL guideline for the declaration of coating materials” guideline for the declaration of varnishes, paints, glazes, plasters, fillers, primer coating materials and related products as of May 2019 (7th revision) Association of the German Paint and Printing Ink Industry e. V.].
- the steel sheet is characterized in that the double-layer temporary corrosion protection has an intermediate layer as a first layer and, arranged thereon, a second layer containing or consisting of a corrosion protection oil.
- the intermediate layer is bonded to the metallic coating by chemisorption, i.e. by chemical bonding.
- chemical bonding is an ionic bond, covalent bond, coordinate bond or weak bond via electrostatic attraction or Van der Waals forces.
- this intermediate layer is created by the chemical reaction of an aqueous treatment dispersion with the metallic substrate, whereby the adsorbate, i.e. the aqueous treatment dispersion and/or the adsorbent, i.e. the metallic ZM coating, is chemically modified.
- the adsorbate i.e. the aqueous treatment dispersion and/or the adsorbent, i.e. the metallic ZM coating
- components of the aqueous dispersion are covalently bound to components of the ZM coating.
- the intermediate layer contains or consists of polymers, such as organic polymers based on acrylic acid or derivatives thereof. In an alternative, the intermediate layer contains or consists of:
- a polymer selected from the group consisting of maleic acid/polyacrylic acid copolymer, modified polyacrylic acid or polyacrylic acid,
- a phosphate component 1 part by weight of a phosphate component and if necessary, 1/10 to 5/10 parts by weight of a metal-containing component selected from the group Zn, Ca, Mg and/or Al.
- this intermediate layer contains or consists of organic silicon compounds, preferably one or more compounds selected from the group comprising or consisting of: silanes, silanols, siloxanes, alkoxysilanes, derivatives of silanes, siloxanes and/or alkoxysilanes and polymers and derivatives thereof.
- Preferred derivatives are one or more compounds selected from the group comprising or consisting of: silanes, siloxanes, alkoxysilanes with functional groups such as -OR with R as H or alkyl, preferably CI to C7, vinyl, phenyl, benzyl; -NR2 with R as H or alkyl, preferably CI to C7, vinyl, phenyl, benzyl; condensation products of alkoxysilanes hydrolyzed with elimination of water, i.e.
- silanols or alkoxysilanes with hydroxyl groups at least one silane, silanol and/or siloxane with at least one alkoxy group, with at least one amido group, with at least one amino group, with at least one urea group, as well as condensation products, copolymers and polymers of at least 2 of the abovementioned compounds.
- silanes, silanols, siloxanes, alkoxysilanes and derivatives thereof are selected from the group comprising or consisting of: bis-tri(m)ethoxysilylalkane, for example bis-triethoxysilylethane, methyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 4-amino-dialkylalkyldialkoxysilane, 2-aminoethyl-3-amino-propyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethyl-3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane, gamma-aminoalkyltrialkoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-alkylaminoisoalkyltrialkoxysilane, poly(aminomethyl)ethoxysilylalkane
- 2-Aminoalkyl-3-aminoproplyltrialkoxysilane with alkyl is preferably selected from the group comprising or consisting of: methyl, ethyl or/and propyl, such as N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, combinations of at least two of the above mentioned compounds and/or polymers thereof.
- methyl, ethyl or/and propyl such as N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrie
- Alkoxysilanes have the general formula (R0)4-Si, R is alkyl, preferably Cl to C7.
- the aqueous dispersion may additionally contain inorganic salts, such as salts with cations selected from the group containing or consisting of Zr 4+ , Zn 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Al 3+ and anions selected from the group containing or consisting of CF, NO 3-, SO 4 2 ' and PO 4 3 '.
- inorganic salts such as salts with cations selected from the group containing or consisting of Zr 4+ , Zn 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Al 3+ and anions selected from the group containing or consisting of CF, NO 3-, SO 4 2 ' and PO 4 3 '.
- the intermediate layer is preferably applied as an aqueous dispersion.
- the organic silicon compounds are hydrolyzed or alkoxylated.
- At least some of the organic silicon compounds react to form polymers, such as polysiloxanes.
- polymers such as polysiloxanes.
- the organic silicon compounds which are now covalently bound to the surface, condense with one another, resulting in the formation of a network-like structure, which thus forms a homogeneous intermediate layer that is evenly distributed over the surface of the coating.
- aqueous dispersion in the sense of the invention includes a composition in which particles and/or droplets are dispersed in water, as well as colloidally disperse and/or molecularly disperse compositions.
- the aqueous dispersion alternatively contains organic solvents, in particular alcohols, preferably methanol or ethanol, lower ketones or ethers with up to 7, preferably 5 carbon atoms.
- the intermediate layer has a Si content of at least 0.5 mg/m2, preferably of at least 1.0 mg/m2, particularly preferably of at least 1.5 mg/m2, in total in particular of at least 2.0 mg/m2 and of a maximum of 20.0 mg/m2 or 15.0 mg/m2, preferably of a maximum of 10.0 mg/m2 or 8.0 mg/m2, particularly preferably of a maximum of 7.0 or 8.0 mg/m2, in particular of a maximum of 3.0 or 2.5 mg/m2.
- a quantitative determination of the applied layer weight is carried out, for example, by X-ray fluorescence analysis (RFA) or GDOES (Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy).
- the specialist carries out reference or difference measurements at points on the steel sheet where there is no intermediate layer or where it has been removed for measurement purposes.
- the information relates to the occurrence of the element Si (silicon) regardless of the form in which it is present, so it does not matter whether this element is present as neutral atoms, as ions or in compounds such as organic compounds such as alcohols, esters, polymers or complexes, oxides, salts, hydroxides or similar.
- the second layer of the double-layer temporary corrosion protection contains or consists of a corrosion protection oil, preferably a mineral oil, particularly preferably containing 15 - 60 wt.%, preferably 20 - 50 wt.% of a naphthenic base oil with 1.0 - 10 wt.%, preferably 1.2 - 8 wt.% Na and/or Ca sulfonates from benzenesulfonic acid with mono-C10-16-alkyl derivatives and/or mono-C16-24-alkyl derivatives as organic radicals.
- a corrosion protection oil preferably a mineral oil, particularly preferably containing 15 - 60 wt.%, preferably 20 - 50 wt.% of a naphthenic base oil with 1.0 - 10 wt.%, preferably 1.2 - 8 wt.% Na and/or Ca sulfonates from benzenesulfonic acid with mono-C10-16-alkyl derivatives and/or mono-C16-24
- the intermediate layer not only ensures temporary corrosion protection, but also reduces or prevents, in comparison to a layer structure without the intermediate layer used according to the invention, the adsorption of polarizable or polar molecules to the metallic coating of the corrosion protection.
- An embodiment further relates to the steel sheet according to the invention, characterized in that the intermediate layer contains rheological additives.
- the intermediate layer is applied as an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion, the rheology, in particular the viscosity of the solution or dispersion, is crucial.
- the aqueous dispersion, in which the compounds of the later intermediate layer and the rheological additives are located, is a System in which the components are precisely matched to one another and also matched to the substrate. During the matching, the polarity of the composition and the substrate is taken into account in particular.
- substances from additive classes such as phyllosilicates, associative thickeners, synthetic layered silicates, liquid rheology additives or enhancers for fumed silica are used.
- the rheological additives are preferably selected from the group containing or consisting of: acrylate thickeners, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyurea thickeners, polyurethane thickeners, layered silicates, fumed silica, gelatin, alginates, mono- and/or polysaccharides, including xanthan, guar ether and xanthan gum.
- rheological additives containing or based on polyurethane or polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides, preferably modified polysaccharides or heteropolysaccharides, such as guar and/or xanthan gum, in particular swell-retarded guar ether or xanthan gum molecules or modified xanthan gum molecules.
- composition for the subsequent intermediate layer with the rheology additives ensures complete wetting of the substrate surface. This results in a uniform, homogeneous dry intermediate layer. Homogeneity refers to the property of the layer to have the same macroscopic properties at all points. Furthermore, the rheology additives can reduce the thickness of the intermediate layer compared to the absence of the rheology additives.
- the intermediate layer contains activation particles as an alternative or in addition to the rheological additives.
- the activation particles are preferably activation particles for later phosphating of the steel sheets.
- compounds selected from the group containing or consisting of: colloidal titanium phosphate, surface conditioning agents based on phosphate particles, in particular based on zinc phosphates and metal oxides or salts as phosphate and titanium sources are used as activation particles.
- the activation particles are preferably selected from the group containing or consisting of: titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide hydrate, dipotassium hexafluorotitanate, hexafluorotitanic acid, titanium sulfate, titanium disulfate, titanyl sulfate, titanium oxide sulfate, titanyl chloride, titanium potassium fluoride, titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrafluoride, titanium trichloride, titanium hydroxide, titanium nitrite, titanium nitrate, potassium titanium oxide oxalate and titanium carbide. Titanium salts are particularly good crystal nuclei for the crystallization of metal phosphates such as zinc phosphate.
- the aqueous dispersion can contain activation particles, at least one compound selected from the group containing or consisting of: 0- xalic acid, Zn3(PO4)2, Zn2Fe(PO4)2, Zn2Ni(PO4)2, Zn2Mn(PO4)2, Zn2Ca(PO4)2, Mn2Fe(PO4)2, nickel phosphate, manganese phosphate, calcium phosphate, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate, cobalt(I) phosphate, cobalt(III) phosphate, copper, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper carbonate, copper oxide, silver, cobalt, nickel, Jernstedt salt, lead acetate, tin chloride, tin tetrachloride, arsenic oxide, zirconium chloride, zirconium sulfate, zircon, iron, lithium, zinc phosphate, iron phosphate. Zinc oxide and iron oxide.
- At least one compound selected from the group containing or consisting of spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles and trizinc bis(orthophosphate) is used.
- the aqueous dispersion in which the compounds of the later intermediate layer are located, i.e. including the rheological additives and optionally activation particles and optionally other additives or components, is a composition in which all components are precisely matched to one another and also to the substrate.
- the stability of the aqueous dispersion must be taken into account, for example the particle density, the separation speed distribution and the particle size distribution. These and other criteria and methods for determining stability can be determined according to ISO 13318, ISO/TR 13097:2013; and/or ISO/TR 18811:2018.
- the aqueous dispersion shows no particle sedimentation (at application temperature) for at least 60 minutes, preferably 120 minutes, particularly preferably 180 minutes, in particular 240 minutes or more without mechanical mixing or stirring.
- the coordination with the substrate can be checked, for example, using a CuSO4 test.
- the present invention further relates to the use of the above-mentioned organic silicon compounds as corrosion protection, in particular as a corrosion protection layer.
- Another subject is the use of the above-mentioned organic silicon compounds in combination with the above-mentioned rheology additives and alternatively or additively in combination with the above-mentioned activation particles as corrosion protection, in particular as a corrosion protection layer.
- the rheology additives and/or the activation particles are embedded in the corrosion protection layer made of organic silicon compounds. This is therefore a first corrosion protection layer made of organic silicon compounds with embedded rheology additives and/or activation particles.
- the intermediate layer described above forms a complete, even and homogeneous layer. This can be proven by the so-called CuSO4 test.
- the steel sheet is dried after the aqueous dispersion has been applied and, if necessary, rinsed before drying.
- the oil- or grease-free surface is immersed in a solution of 5 wt.% CuSO4 solution for approx. 10 s. It is then rinsed in demineralized water by gently swirling.
- the pearl strings/worm structure known to those skilled in the art is formed, i.e. a series of light or dark dots that can have a width of 0.2 to 1.0 mm or more and a length of several centimeters, possibly a length across the entire width of the sheet.
- the sheets coated with the intermediate layer according to the invention do not show any pearl strings or worm structures in this CuSO4 test.
- a complete, uniform and homogeneous intermediate layer is within the meaning of the invention, i.e. a layer which, after deoiling or degreasing in a CuSO4 test as described above, does not exhibit any pearl strings or worm structures.
- the steel sheet according to the invention can further comprise at least one further functional coating such as an adhesion-promoting layer, a forming aid, a passivation or a combination thereof.
- the intermediate layer or the aqueous dispersion applied thereto does not have or contain any epoxy-based adhesive systems.
- the steel substrate to be used according to the invention is a hot strip or a cold strip. These can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- the steel substrate can be used in the form of steel strips, so-called coils, or as so-called blanks, which are preferably obtained by cutting pieces from a hot or cold strip using suitable methods.
- a steel sheet is used, characterized in that the steel substrate comprises an alloy containing or consisting of the following elements in wt.%:
- the substrate is a steel sheet made of an interstitial free alloy according to DIN EN 10346.
- the IF alloy of the steel substrate contains or consists of the following elements in wt.%:
- - C 0.0003 to 0.015%, in particular 0.0005 to 0.010%, preferably 0.001 to 0.005%,
- - Si 0.0005 to 0.50%, in particular 0.0010 to 0.40%, preferably 0.0010 to 0.30%,
- - Mn 0.0005 to 1.60%, in particular 0.010 to 1.55%, preferably 0.010 to 1.50%,
- - P up to 0.10%, in particular up to 0.080%, preferably 0.0002 to 0.060%,
- - S up to 0.050%, in particular up to 0.040%, preferably 0.0003 to 0.030%,
- - N up to 0.10%, in particular up to 0.080%, preferably 0.0001 to 0.070%,
- - AI 0.0010 to 1.0%, in particular 0.0010 to 0.90%, preferably 0.0010 to 0.80%,
- - Nb 0.0001 to 0.20%, in particular 0.0002 to 0.10%, preferably 0.0003 to 0.050%,
- - Ti 0.0005 to 0.20%, in particular 0.010 to 0.150%, preferably 0.010 to 0.120%,
- An IF steel has no interstitially embedded alloying elements, i.e. no iron atoms are blocked by carbon or nitrogen atoms in the metal lattice. This creates a very soft steel with very good forming properties. It is used primarily for complicated deep-drawn parts in automotive construction. Steels of this type are available under the standard designations DX52D, DX53D, DX54D, DX55D, DX56D, DX57D HX160YD, HX180YD, HX220YD and HX260YD. These are cold-rolled steels.
- the substrate is a steel sheet made of a bake-hardening alloy according to DIN EN 10346.
- the bake-hardening alloy of the steel substrate contains or consists of the following elements in wt.%:
- - C 0.0004 to 0.080%, in particular 0.0010 to 0.060%, preferably 0.0010 to 0.040%
- - Si 0.0005 to 0.50%, in particular 0.0010 to 0.40%, preferably 0.010 to 0.20%
- - Mn 0.0005 to 1.50%, in particular 0.0010 to 1.40%, preferably 0.0020 to 1.20%,
- - P up to 0.150%, in particular up to 0.10%, preferably 0.0010 to 0.050%,
- - S up to 0.050%, in particular up to 0.040%, preferably 0.0005 to 0.030%,
- - N up to 0.050%, in particular up to 0.030%, preferably 0.0002 to 0.010%,
- - AI 0.0050 to 1.0%, in particular 0.010 to 0.50%, preferably 0.010 to 0.150%,
- - Nb up to 0.040% and/or Ti up to 0.030% and/or B up to 0.0030% and/or Cu up to 0.20% and/or Cr up to 0.20% and/or Ni up to 0.20% and/or Mo up to 0.150% and/or Sn up to 0.10%,
- BH steels are characterized by a significant increase in yield strength during paint baking (typically at 170 °C for 20 minutes) in combination with very good formability. Furthermore, these steels have very good dent resistance, which is why they are preferred for outer skin applications. Steels of this type are available under the standard designation HX180BD, HX220BD, HX260BD and HX300BD. These are cold-rolled steels.
- the substrate is a steel sheet made of a multiphase alloy according to DIN EN 10346.
- the multiphase alloy of the steel substrate contains or consists of the following elements in wt.%:
- - C 0.050 to 0.250%, in particular 0.060 to 0.250%, preferably 0.070 to 0.250%,
- - Si 0.020 to 0.50%, in particular 0.020 to 0.40%, preferably 0.020 to 0.30%,
- - P up to 0.10%, in particular up to 0.080%, preferably up to 0.060%
- - S up to 0.050%, in particular up to 0.040%, preferably up to 0.030%,
- - N up to 0.10%, in particular up to 0.050%, preferably up to 0.030%,
- - AI 0.010 to 0.150%, in particular 0.010 to 0.10%, preferably 0.010 to 0.090%,
- HCT490X HCT590X
- HCT780X cold-rolled steels
- the substrate is a steel sheet made of a microalloyed alloy according to DIN EN 10268.
- the alloy of the steel substrate contains or consists of the following elements in wt.%:
- - C 0.020 to 0.20%, in particular 0.020 to 0.150%, preferably 0.020 to 0.140%,
- - Si 0.010 to 0.70%, in particular 0.010 to 0.60%, preferably 0.010 to 0.50%,
- - Mn 0.020 to 2.0%, in particular 0.020 to 1.90%, preferably 0.020 to 1.80%,
- - P up to 0.070%, in particular up to 0.060%, preferably up to 0.050%
- - S up to 0.050%, in particular up to 0.040%, preferably up to 0.030%,
- - N up to 0.080%, in particular up to 0.060%, preferably up to 0.040%,
- - AI 0.010 to 1.0%, in particular 0.010 to 0.50%, preferably 0.010 to 0.10%,
- - Nb 0.010 to 0.150%, in particular 0.010 to 0.120%, preferably 0.010 to 0.10% and/or
- - Ti 0.010 to 0.20%, in particular 0.010 to 0.180%, preferably 0.010 to 0.150% and/or
- - V 0.0050 to 0.10%, in particular 0.0060 to 0.10%, preferably 0.0090 to 0.10% and/or
- a micro-alloyed steel has a fine-grained microstructure, which gives it high fatigue strength, optimal weldability and high yield strength limits. It is used primarily for complicated deep-drawn parts in automotive construction. Examples of steels of this type are available under the standard designation HC260LA, HC300LA, HC340LA, HC380LA, HC420LA, HC460LA, HC500LA and HC550LA. These are cold-rolled steels.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a hot-dip coated and tempered steel sheet as described above, comprising the following steps: a) providing a steel sheet as a steel substrate, b) hot-dip coating the steel substrate on one or both sides with a metallic coating which, in addition to zinc and unavoidable impurities, contains additional elements such as aluminum with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.% and magnesium with a content of 0.5 to 8.0 wt.% in the coating, c) tempering the hot-dip coated steel sheet from step b, d) applying a first layer as an intermediate layer to the steel sheet from step c, e) applying a second layer to the intermediate layer containing or consisting of corrosion protection oil.
- step a a steel sheet as described above is used as the steel substrate.
- Hot-dip coating can additionally comprise one or more of the following steps: cleaning the substrate before the hot-dip bath, heating the substrate, wiping the melt using nozzles after the hot-dip bath in order to set the desired coating, cooling the coated substrate to harden the melt, optionally applying a dressing agent; optionally applying further functional coatings, such as an adhesion-promoting layer, a forming aid, a passivation or a combination thereof.
- the skin-passing in step c is known to the person skilled in the art and is described, for example, in the handbook “Umformen”, Günter Spur, ISBN: 978-3-446-43004-4, page 155.
- the surface of the steel sheet after skin-passing can have a stochastic surface structure. This is produced using skin-passing rollers, the surfaces of which are textured using a so-called EDT process.
- the surface of the steel sheet after skin-passing can have a deterministic surface structure. This is produced using skin-passing rollers, the surfaces of which are textured using a laser.
- a surface with a pseudo-stochastic surface structure after skin-passing would also be conceivable.
- step d the first intermediate layer is applied to the skin-passed steel sheet in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
- the application is carried out using a spraying, dipping or coating process, preferably using a roll coater or chem-coater, at an ambient temperature of 10 - 50 °C, preferably 20 - 40 °C.
- the aqueous dispersion contains polymers or organic silicon compounds as described above, in a concentration based on Si as an element of at least 0.001 wt.%, preferably of at least 0.01 wt.%, particularly preferably of at least 0.04 wt.% or 0.06 wt.%, in particular of at least 0.08 wt.% and of at most 5.0 wt.% or 1.0 wt.%, preferably of at most 0.5 wt.% or 0.25 wt.%, particularly preferably of at most 0.15 wt.%, in particular of at most 0.12 wt.%.
- the aqueous dispersion contains at least 0.0001% by weight, preferably at least 0.001% by weight, particularly preferably at least 0.01% by weight or 0.025% by weight, in particular at least 0.04% by weight and at most 5.0% by weight or 1.0% by weight, preferably at most 0.5% by weight or 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably at most 0.075% by weight, in particular at most 0.06% by weight of at least one of the above-mentioned organic silicon compounds.
- the aqueous dispersion contains one or more of the rheology additives described above and, in another embodiment, alternatively or additively, activation particles as described above.
- the rheology additives are present in a concentration of active ingredient of at least 0.01% by weight, preferably of at least 0.025% by weight, particularly preferably of at least 0.05% by weight, in particular of at least 0.075% by weight and of a maximum of 5.0% by weight or 2.5% by weight, preferably of a maximum of 1.0% by weight, particularly preferably of a maximum of 0.75 or 0.5% by weight, in particular of a maximum of 0.25 or 0.15% by weight.
- the activation particles are present in the aqueous dispersion in a concentration of at least 0.01% by weight, preferably at least 0.025% by weight, particularly preferably at least 0.05% by weight, in particular at least 0.075% by weight and at most 5.0% by weight or 2.5% by weight, preferably at most 1.0% by weight, particularly preferably at most 0.75 or 0.5% by weight, in particular at most 0.25 or 0.15% by weight.
- the aqueous dispersion is an alkaline aqueous dispersion having a pH of at least 8.0, preferably at least 9.0, particularly preferably at least 9.5, in particular at least 10.0 and at most 13.0, preferably at most 12.5, particularly preferably at most 12.0 or 11.0, in particular at most 10.5.
- the aqueous dispersion has a density at 20 °C of at least 0.90 g/cm3, preferably at least 0.95 g/cm3, particularly preferably at least 1.00 g/cm3 and at most 1.30 g/cm3, preferably at most 1.20 g/cm3, particularly preferably at most 1.10 g/cm3 and in particular at most 1.0 g/cm3.
- the aqueous dispersion has a dynamic viscosity at 20 °C in mPa*s of at least 0.6, preferably at least 0.75, particularly preferably at least 0.9, in particular at least 1.0 and at most 2.0, preferably at most 5.0, particularly preferably at most 10.0, in particular at most 15.0.
- the aqueous dispersion is Cr-free.
- Cr-free chromium-free
- a further embodiment relates to the method described above, wherein the steel sheet is rinsed after application of the aqueous dispersion and then dried, preferably without prior rinsing, in the so-called no rinse method.
- additional functional coatings are applied, such as an adhesion-promoting layer, a forming aid, a passivation or a combination thereof.
- the present invention relates to the use of a steel sheet according to the invention provided with the temporary corrosion protection described above for producing a spot-free phosphated steel sheet.
- the present invention also further relates to a method for producing a spot-free phosphated steel sheet comprising the following steps: f) providing a steel sheet according to the invention described above or a steel sheet produced according to the method described above, g) cleaning the steel sheet and h) Phosphating the cleaned steel sheet.
- spots are defined as areas (on the surface) that are apparently dark.
- a dark area is delimited by dark points that are characterized by the fact that they are darker than other, and therefore lighter, points in the immediate vicinity.
- a point is not to be understood as a mathematical point, which has no extension, but rather, for example, as a pixel or group of pixels.
- Such a dark point has a common border with lighter points only in a partial area of its circumference. In the remaining partial area of its circumference, it has a common border with dark points that have essentially the same brightness as this delimiting dark point.
- An above-mentioned dark area therefore consists essentially of the latter-mentioned dark points and the former-mentioned delimiting dark points.
- a spot-free phosphating and/or a homogeneous and uniform phosphating and/or phosphate layer is a layer which, when visually inspected using a reflected light microscope, has at least one, preferably two, particularly preferably all of the following criteria:
- - Crystal orientation determined optically with a magnification of 1000x: at least 20% of the phosphate crystals perpendicular to the substrate surface, preferably at least 40%, particularly preferably at least 60%, in particular at least 80%;
- step f The provision of a steel sheet according to the invention described above or a steel sheet produced according to the method described above in step f is followed immediately or optionally after further steps, such as de-coiling, straightening or Bending and/or stretch straightening, cleaning of the steel sheet, preferably with alkaline cleaners. If necessary, the cleaning also includes one or more rinsing steps.
- This step g removes the temporary double-layer corrosion protection layer described above before phosphating.
- the alkaline cleaners reliably remove the oil layer. If the intermediate layer is not completely removed, the intermediate layer applied according to the invention and possibly remaining in parts even after cleaning still ensures spot-free phosphating. On the one hand, the intermediate layer prevents non-removable deposits, especially in the skin pass valleys, and on the other hand, the activation particles present in an alternative act as crystallization nuclei for the phosphating.
- the steel sheets In the manufacture of automobile bodies, for example, it is usual for the steel sheets to be delivered in an unphosphated state to the manufacturer of the automobile bodies, who then cuts the steel sheets from a coil if necessary, forms them into components, joins individual components together if necessary and applies the phosphating layer to the resulting individual or joined components in a dipping or spraying process. These steps can also be carried out individually or in combination within the meaning of the invention.
- step g of the process according to the invention is carried out by treating the steel sheet from step f with at least one cleaning agent.
- the cleaning agent can be acidic, neutral or alkaline.
- an alkaline cleaning agent is used.
- the alkaline cleaning agent is an alkaline aqueous dispersion with a pH of at least 8.0, preferably at least 9.0, particularly preferably at least 10.0, in particular 11.0 and at most 14.0, preferably at most 13.0, particularly preferably at most 12.0, in particular at most 11.5.
- the cleaning-active substances for example surfactants, are preferably present in an amount that appears suitable to the person skilled in the art.
- further components of the cleaning agent are preferred, for example selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
- Step g can also be carried out using mechanical energy, for example by brushing the surfaces to be cleaned or by applying water and/or cleaning agent to the surface under high pressure.
- Step g of the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at a temperature of 20 to 80 °C.
- the cleaning step is followed by the application of another activation dispersion containing the activation particles described above.
- a further advantage of the steel sheets according to the invention is the fact that even if the cleaning is incomplete, activation particles are already present on the surface of the coating and enable error-free phosphating.
- the final phosphating step (step h) of the process according to the invention can be carried out in any known manner.
- the phosphating solutions known to those skilled in the art are suitable for the phosphating step.
- a trication phosphating solution such as is already known for this purpose from the prior art, has proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to the formation of a microcrystalline zinc phosphate coating that ensures high paint adhesion or corrosion resistance.
- the acidic phosphating solution containing or consisting of phosphoric acid, zinc ions and, for example, nitrite ions as accelerators a conversion of the cleaned and optionally activated surface of the steel sheet takes place.
- the phosphating of a flat steel product provided and pretreated according to the invention can be accomplished by using an aqueous phosphating solution which
- the free acid content of the phosphating solution is in a range of 4 to 8 points and the ratio of total acid to free acid is in a range of 2.5 to 5 points.
- the fine crystalline phosphate crystals are formed particularly reliably when the free acid content is in the range of 5 to 7 points. The same purpose is served if the ratio of total acid to free acid is kept in a range of 2.8 to 4.5 points.
- the phosphating solution is particularly preferably Cr-free. For the term Cr-free (chromium-free), see above.
- the activation (step c)) and the phosphating (step d)) can be carried out independently of one another in a regular wet-on-wet or dry-on-wet application step.
- the wet-on-wet process can further increase process efficiency, as an intermediate drying step can be dispensed with.
- the dry-on-wet process on the other hand, can be used particularly flexibly.
- the solutions or dispersions can be applied by hand, spray-coating or rolling.
- spray-coating or rolling In the automotive industry, dipping and spraying processes or a combination of the two are most commonly used, as they have no restrictions on the amount, shape and size of the surfaces to be phosphated and enable high throughput. Oil can also be applied electrostatically.
- any activation and phosphating are carried out independently of one another in a regular wet-on-wet or dry-on-wet application step.
- Phosphating can be followed by one or more rinsing steps and, if necessary, a final drying step before painting, preferably the application of a KT paint.
- the steel strip from which the samples were taken had a Zn-Al-Mg coating (“ZM coating”) applied to its surfaces by hot-dip coating in a conventional manner and consisting of 1.6 wt.% Al, 1.2 wt.% Mg and the balance Zn and unavoidable impurities.
- ZM coating Zn-Al-Mg coating
- circuit boards were coated with a dispersion using a chem-coater as follows:
- ZW1 ZM + intermediate layer, applied as an aqueous dispersion with organic silicon compounds with Si element content 0.1 wt.%;
- ZW2 ZM + intermediate layer; applied as an aqueous dispersion with organic silicon compounds with Si element content 0.1 wt.% + 0.1 wt.% activation particles (containing spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles and trizinc bis(orthophosphate)) + 0.5 wt.% polyurethane thickener Agocel AC 6240;
- ZW3 ZM + intermediate layer; applied as an aqueous dispersion with organic silicon compounds with Si element content 0.1 wt.% + 0.1 wt.% activation particles (containing spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles and trizinc bis(orthophosphate)) + 5 wt.% polyurethane thickener Agocel AC 6240.
- the boards were oiled with ANTICORIT PL 3802 39 S using a roll coater.
- circuit boards were deoiled or degreased with benzine or n-heptane and immersed in a solution of 5 wt.% CuSO4 solution for about 6 s. They were then rinsed in demineralized water by gently swirling and visually inspected.
- Crystal orientation (A) and crystal diameter (B) were optically determined in a reflected light microscope with a magnification of 1000x.
- the weighted evaluation was carried out according to the formula:
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| WO2015124322A1 (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-27 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Activation treatment of coated steel substrates |
| EP2888385B1 (de) * | 2012-08-27 | 2018-04-11 | Tata Steel IJmuiden BV | Vorbeschichteter stahlstreifen oder -blech mit vorteilhaften eigenschaften |
| DE102019107933A1 (de) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur Modifizierung der Oberfläche einer auf einem Stahlflachprodukt aufgebrachten metallischen Schutzschicht auf Zn-Al-Mg-Basis und Stahlflachprodukt |
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| EP2888385B1 (de) * | 2012-08-27 | 2018-04-11 | Tata Steel IJmuiden BV | Vorbeschichteter stahlstreifen oder -blech mit vorteilhaften eigenschaften |
| WO2015124322A1 (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-27 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Activation treatment of coated steel substrates |
| DE102019107933A1 (de) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur Modifizierung der Oberfläche einer auf einem Stahlflachprodukt aufgebrachten metallischen Schutzschicht auf Zn-Al-Mg-Basis und Stahlflachprodukt |
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