WO2024205659A1 - Generating and managing multilocational data blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed toward systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media for generating and managing multilocational data blocks, generating and summarizing content blocks within a virtual space interface, and generating and providing a content block browser as part of a virtual space platform. In some embodiments, the disclosed systems generate a multilocational data block that includes a block identifier that is tied to a source identifier for embedding digital content from a network location indicated by the source identifier. The disclosed systems can also generate block summaries from content blocks for presenting and modifying digital content embedded within the content blocks via block identifiers and source identifiers. In some embodiments, the content block system can provide a content-block-based web browser in the form of a virtual space that includes embedded content blocks that integrate webpage functionality.

Description

.._ s acaon- camsroro aneene o..aen caono. , a,n,.e. oanarc,,..aen caono. ,,e onarc, aoremenone aecnaonsscaeroennoc.ororae,, reeeren ocnenasrc enre,..ac oe vare onnvoavnaceomnesnns cno cuom-ausenevace cso annen ne swooraren anec acncooaveven rseo a a conen ssems canrove ac ess.or exame, onne xs cessoa conenems acrossevces a overe wor. evcens o sesreamns ca onn asoe srenncroanzoerm csa.nenseo sare a conen acrosserenes o rove accessoa conenor userso coaeo,ra meo acerronss onvnereseasc caonoecn ssems can a vare o comunevces.eseese ava aons an over connueo sue nces,owever, exsn a conen ssems ecenc. rrom a numer osavanaes,arcuarnerms oex an man exsnsu sss seumse asree r, some exxesnoe caon conen ssems arenexe.narcuar, conenems usnes an venonaaram o sorn an manan exame, some exsn sseomse rres wurec a acrcees osnen oer moo secnc a a cecaons oraorms.or conenem suc as a wese usn a cor raneeor anoer exsn ssems oen reu resonn acaonoreee.n aon, emo vew ornerac wree coenreenneevmc.esvoen soorre c anou m-aanseannvua coes o a conen conenem accesse muee ssemsa sore a cenraze rere vces,ese ssems nevereess r resene same conesxenuaaoan oe conenem across a accessnevces,rresecve o accoun-secc asoneceunea. . aoea esanoraare,oecaeusren maenx exe nsanure ss,s meamns a erxsn a conen ssems are oersorneracn w conenems,ese ssems oen reeu rereanen oenra connv aenno snoarne ms aann .._ c cooneesn oe am snae csonaren o aem coaroouraovue eeor aecrmoses o mue coeneevnceesmn. sor exame, a sne reures con versons oe conenemo eac coao ome exsn ssems ssems use cou-ase soraeo cenraze a ranevce. e man exsn ssems reure cone e ccesso conenems, even some cou-ase oer wer nreaa conens o a conenemo eac newocaone.., new con coneene ceomnsens esemecsa moveron ooru anccceessen s.seem csomau saoroen aan ex meannsae oe movn anor o conenems across manevces an user accouns. maneraes o conenems consumes excessve on an sorn sucare numers a cou oer amouns o comuerrocessnower, memor, an sorae s anwoseer eexarmeserev oe wern ae mocreen eccen ssem. runnneren comuer aca es, some exsn a conen ssems reure secca, as sue onso access annerac w eren conenems.ore secaze se aove, some ssems reure a secc acaono access a oen r e o coneneme.., a ceranee.onseuen,ese exsn ssemsoneeracur we excessevree nnum coneresn o uesmers.nerraocceossnsn sw succnareew nueenneraces an acaons comuer resourcesa cou oerwseer mers oneracons wases smuaneous runnn man a eserve w more ecenneraces. ona, excessve comu caonsorerenes o conenems aso consumes us,eerr rees aoreur sceevse.rasavanaes w rearo exsn a conen ssems.ransor comsuescr roesauraeees scorraese o mnee oar maorero evmeoemens o ssems, meos, an non- oreon an oerroemsne ar.orn nes anor sove one or more oe conenems usn a new sance,escose ssemsenerae an manae emomens,esc aa srucureneorm o muocaonaaaocs.n some eemena c ose ssemsenerae a muocaonaaaoc as aaa en or aaa evce anoran a ecxrosssn m muuee coemvcuese.rocaoron esxaem..,e v,ruae sascceosse conc susrreen, on a sne muocaonaaaoconcue aoceneraseo a sourcmeseenerae a emen a conenrom a neworocaonncae e sourceenner.eroer .._ soccosee ss,s ceomnvse crasan aonsoreenaersa,e a oreermnean sore one or moreoc conuraons, oc. ona,escosnorasssoror asar o eac muocaonaaa conen eme e ssems canen a conen renereror renern a on one or more wn a muocaonaaaocaccorno aoc conuraonase reaae soraee a es mceocsaeon ao ssneemrsa aosnos.rove ssems, meos, an non-ransor comuernerac reneran an summarzn conenocs wn a vrua sace conene.ocors e axsa mmoe,aee susc-owsen sowssemors craensenennerae a vrua saceneraceancues wne conenocs vaoceners an sour an mon a conen emee asorove a summarzaon e ceeners.escose ssems can summarzaon eemens seecaemeenoeonrerase aa woc snummea vrruraom sacean ceornaecne, e wmeereee warena an counaeen mooce. anor cnansa rnecea,cee asrcesoesnea sosems canenerae aoc summar usn a correson n o conen wn a conenoc w a comuer renn a aoc aeo sn s o,um raema e msr ec.oaseor sseneemrasunr aenrrorovven ss ae cmosn, meeos, an non-ransor a vrua saceaorm.or exame,escos nocrowser asar o werowserneorm o a e ssems canrove a conen-oc-ase weaeuncon vrua saceancues emee conenocsaneraencue some conaen.onc sosmea emneorameen wse,aeescunocseon sasem asnr oovere coen venrua saceoneraea conenrom oernon-weae conenems, su ocsa wn a conen manaemen ssem.onera c as conenems sore uncona,escose ssems can uzeo e a conen,ncun weae enersa reerence res cenersor conenocseo source ore conenocs. ecve neworocaons sorne conenemse.., weaes meos ws ascoosnuare s wececscr aen onee oar more r eexearmencenmeem aecnaons oe ssems an oownararasreescreoseures,n wc: comannures.e .._ ssemn acco.rancues wraes on ae s ocre mmoacaram o an exame envronmen o a conenoc aaocn a.ccoruanscrea wes an o enxamree em oveorvmewen oseneran an manan a muocaona .usraes an eexa omr moer me eumoocamoenns vrua sacesn accorance w aaaoc emeae wn mue .usraes an exa omne oer maorera emmoomens conen renerer reermnn an acaonneraon an a .oru as mraueso acna exoanmaea mauococan aocncaoraanace woc onae onr more emomens an areaenern accorance w one cues aasener .usraes an exameara omr moorr meo emomens usn awo-wa moca n a conenem a a serverocaon . on cannen accorance w one or more emomens a muocaonaauasraoecs ann a ecxcaomraenceo wwca orn o a seres o acsoreneran an manan w.usraes an exame overvewe or more emomens n accorance oeneranoc summaror a conenoc mens. ounsera ore ms aonre e exmamoem seances emo summarneracen accorance w one or more accorance w. oneu osrr maoerse a enm exoame vrua saceneraceor an a new conenocn aneneran.oc- summarusesrane a em cxcae omns rane vrua saceneracesor mon conenocs .- usrae examcee w vrua one or more emomens communcaonreas saceneracesor anasss or . usora ceosn aenn exaomcsen v arccuoar sanaccee wner onaece oro mro are c eomnomens accorance w one or more emomen enoc searcn caracerscs. o conenusraocess a ann exanms coene vnruaoc ssaoce vneraceor mon vsua one or more emomens rua meensn accorance w .._ or more emo. usraes an exame acaonneraonneracen accorance w one ocsn accor.mens ausraes an examearamor monermsson sens o conen .nceu wsra oesne an or e mxaomre eem coommaens w one or mo rson o sace summarneracesn accorance summaror a.re em conenuosrm oae censs n an ac ecxoarmeowcar o a seres o acsoreneran aoc . usraes an examanece o wve one or more emomens neraceor a conenocrowsern accorravnecwe w o oenneer oarn mor aen em maonamne a vrua sace ase on can.eso au csornaeens ano ecxamn acecoraarnacme wor m oonn a weae an as serverocaon . usraes an examearamor eme oer more emomens serverocaonsno resecve c n conenemsromeren onen renere. us onenocsn accorance w one or more emomens c raes an examearamoreermnn acaonneraons an .rsoru csonraeens ano ecxasmn aeccoarraanmceo wren oenrea or more emomens accorance w one or more em n anrovn aocrevewn a vrua sace.neraucseraore as a cnon exo eanmme oens cowcar o a seres o acsoreneran an manan . usra rowsern accorance w one or more emomens w one or mo es aocaram o an exemar comunevcen accorance oc ssemn.re em accoruosarnam ceeesn w asn e a oxn naem ore m eonrver eomnmoenm oen as n.eworn ssemavne conen uze a novesasaconsuraresruecscurreeso orn meu or moocareo enmaoamaenosc os ao coneneenraeo ac ssema can conenrou muocaonaaaocs,eneran an n manaea muocaonaaaocs, anorrovn a summarzn a conen o rowserase on muocaonaaaocs. vreuas sacsecosaureor smeaorare as coenenscusoscon wneo .._ o covnereanrcnoco sscsem ac ccaonr anso coom varnoeusunucnconosnsr oorm c eaaaes oe conenoc ssem,e eoownararasrove an overv cor a suse oeocascussons.n orer:eneran an m ew or annroucono eac oeoown conces conenocs wn anan muocaonaaaocs,eneran an summarzn row a vrua sacenerace, an a vrua saceaormor a conenoc eseurr.ereaer, aonaea rearn eac oe manocssroven reaon ce o nrous.oonoeneerneran anananuocaonaaaocs enerae ae an manae muocaonaaaocs,e conenoc ssem can ene aaa en or aaa srucureor a muocaonaaaocancues aoc enerr asnore a a sou arcaercuenar seerr.veroorca exoanmea, reere csoennesn ornocca sessemeneraes aoc oc anasurerne oreo a sourceenera reere e muocaonaaa a conenemor emen wne muocaon nces a serverocaon sorn ssem canenerae a sourceener as aaaoc.nee,e conenoc emo one or more aaa eemenaes a serverocaon sorn a conen sourcee a muocaonaaaocsancueoceners wc reerencee o ner.rou reerencne sourceener usneocener,e conen muco scaseomna canaancoorcoraweoue s cooren ora mo cvonnene aecmuaromaa oe seerv ceorneoncaeomnnroe serverocaon aoceno amoe ceaos s neesr,ver oms n s o ae co ooc cnaeonn o enoce er s m ansuemoc a soea unreo creanaeesn aa mauoc er.ooca. rnosnaancea,aeo ccooncue ssemeermnes aoc eancaes aarcuare ororma o conneenocncororae or emee wne muocaonaaaoc.n some cases, nem ssemeneseocease one serverocaonncae e soe conenocoeocener.nese or oer cases,e conenoc sse urceenere oc conuraonsor a sne muocaonaaao m can asoeermne mue eene va userneracons a rese c, were eacoc conuraon ma sze,oson, sae cve cenevces mon vsua caracerscse.., emomens,e co,n aenn cooocr s oseme m caunuorcaeroneaneraaae a mocu wocano ana vruaaa soacce.onnc soumee .._ a wreae muenocear roenearenacano acs aenrveorroocanconueor a aas soree communcaonrea assocae or a soreass assocae we ner reerencn aserverocaon n one or more emomens, meu conoecnaonoac saasemoc. ocno mue vrua saces concurren can eme a muocaonaaa or movn a sore conenemroms usn a sneoceneran wou con ssem can uze a sn serverocaon.ore secca,e conenoc conenemrom a se muocaonaaaoc wsoceneroncororae a e serverocaon.eruvse,roec caononenocn s,oseme caoncacenae meru, a soeur cceenenevceer reerencn resecve vrua sacesresenn orsane conenem wnessan reresenaons oe same muocaonaaaoc wou con r own vsua emroms serverocaon.n some cases,e or movne conen cenevce, anncao conenoc ssem canurer receve,rom a muocaonaaaon o a userneracon mon a conenresene va a sore as s c an canroaaee mocaonoe corresonn conenem nnreoraucceonervoeroecnaeroan.n anummarznonenocs wn aruaace an summarsz mee cnonoenne aocovse, wn cenr aa vnr eumomens,e conenoc ssem canenerae ssem canrove a vru a sacenerace.narcuar,e conenoc user accouns assocae wa sacee conneernaceocas ancu wesn co an sexnuaenaearaocre. conoern exaocs an conenoc ssem canroveoos wn a vrua saceneraceo me,e ocse.., muocaonaaaocsancororae co r manuan conen sources or serverocaonsa nenemsrom a vare o conen weaes,evce s noror a vare oeren comuer acaons,ncun manuaonsncuorea ree,o acnaonr coeu-oasces, s aorane orem ao cvonnen mocansa,e rmeseznn sseem.ouc canne coor oeocs, anremovn user accounsa can a cs, cannermsson ccesseocs, n some em seonmsenoreocs. or conenocs.or exams,e,e ceo cnoennenococ ss sesme cman caunr exerraceneraea coocne sunmmroamre as .._ caonneunae mocoee...,nr aom ao sner,vereo cocaneonn reoecren scesem a ca snou urcezeneroroveo aare enerae aoc summar oea conenncue wneeeareanuae moeo e conenoc ssem canurer reace ar conenoc.n some cases, summar wne conenoc, as sownn aesenaon oea conen weoc e conenoc ssem can as vrua sacenerace.n some emomens, summaror mue co oeneraee.., usn aareanuae moe a mu-oc arcuar vrua s nenocsoeer, a sace summar o conenocs wn a or more conenoacces,. ann soorm ae careseas, sume cmoanren o ao ccom smsunemcaeonnerareesa assocae w one summarese..,oc summares, mu-oc user-accoun-secc summaresase onner summares, sace summares, anorrea exame,ne c ceornaenn emooac cmo senns ses o, u m cese a cr no anc uecnoun zeos.c ssem caneneraeoc suesons.or enerae aoc sueson an canro aoc sueson macneearnn moeo conenocore sueseocve aoc sueson eemen seecaeo a a new ssem canenerae a wn a vrua sacenerace.nee,e conenoc acco oc suesonase oneavor orneracons assocae w a user or oune,r cnocnuenne smasre.s, ccs, mocaons, vews, an oerneracons w conenocs uon emeen con ae cnoneonc socsem w cann a as vo se aneermneocermssons.ornsance, eermneermsson sen rua sacenerace,e conenoc ssem can aes.o.,nrcoomro arna eex aenrna a conens a e e ss xosuo erc rcnea a oere a w rnm esxseore nn caon se aen nscaem oonn e.cor coneor en caoenoecnne woc con n sesnemo ccan saceor enan an resrcn varous access anuncona oe e vrua accounass.n some cases,e conenoc sse conenoc oner- exerna conen source or wn a m can aso mo ermsson sens a an ermsson sensor a c n exerna acaon.or exame,ase on mon roaaee onenoc va a vrua sacenerace,e conenoc ssem can co ermsson mocaonsoe exerna acaonconen source weree nnreonucemon oronareusa.aceaormor aonenocrowser .._ saceaosrmurorer a m ceonneonne aocove,rowes ceor.nenoreocar scsuemar ca,neen ceornae anrove a vrua enerae a vrua saceancues conenocse.., m enoc ssem can anncororan conenemsrom rese uocaonaaaocs reerencn sourceeners.or e cve serverocaonse.., vaoceners anneraesuncona oxame,e conenoc ssem can eme a conenoca ora reerences a s a weaencun aocenereo a sourceeneror canrove a cerverocanosne weae.ccorn,e conenoc ssem unconaor aocnceesns-no,c na-vasaen w, meorownse,r or w oeererw cosenenneracocns wnco wreoraaees werae wne conenocs.n some cases,e conenoc ssemroves ar v ecnerace were some conenocsnerae weaeunconae rua sace an oersncororae conenemsrom oer sou ..,oreren weaes an exerna acaone. rces, suc as a conen manaemen ssem or acaon, or a caen ., a messan acaon, aoo en acaon, a veo ca ase onnner oanceo onrs m woarre a e amc conoa enmonen. osc,.eo cron exeanmeo,ce s csonemen cano mo weae conenncaon o a userneracon mon conensae c ssem can receve an sace.ase oneneracon,e conenoc ss wn a conenoc o a vrua wa mocaon canne mocaons m em canurerroaaee.., va awo-ncororae orneraenoe c aeoeoc conenoe corresonn weae enerae anr onenoc.n some cases,e conenoc ssem can aso moeo cro rnove aocrevewor a conenoc, wereeocrevewncues evces en anor moeunconaorsruono exernae..,r-ar cen escrense u su ruce eers ac eeces a asoevoe,w,rrovue e co oe nns. een or mocore s osee emomens menone aovean avanaes over exsn a cone m canrove severamrovemens ormroveex overror s n ssems.or exame,e conenoc ssem can sorn an manan cone sems.nee, we someror ssems are r xeo e conenoc ssenems usnes anoereo secc acaons oraorms, muocaonaaaomcseneara ceasn a a varu,an searcaee, oaronrcmoroara ue coznesen coneemns acorocsss mea.n., .._ sesvecmess,o a socrea aonns, m ananaennevs.una a coeosn, o co an craornenoreomr, sseem cosa reure cen eneraes an uzes aave muocaonaaaocsa areenenoc ssem mue vrua saces concurren usn a sneocene x emeae across ssemsaresen orec a unorm vsua r.ven comareo cou-ase oc ssemex cusomzes vs zaon o a cenraze conenem,e conen accuoar cnaraoc conexua uazaons o conenemse.., wn conenocs vs aa, suc as user-accoun-seccneracons w conenems an ueer asecass snecarco eacevce’s vrua sace. ecenc over exs osmroveex ,e conenoc ssem can asomrove rean on convenonnaesa a cnoneon sersseomrs.neorrac exanm we, as c ooneonseeomsr,ore s csoenmesnao acre s reseeame u czoes mnu aoncaoron maovana cooncesn wemns a. vnrueae s, eavceenan coormaoo araevvaee neeor were a sne conenems sare, moe, an comme e crcumsances conenoc ssem can use a muocaonaaaocone on mueevces,e vrua sace wou con or movne conenemneraee conenem wn a muocaonaaaocssaae, moae, roms serverocaon.urer,e vrua saces concurren usn a sne an oerwse manuae wn mue mue versons oe muocao ocenere.., wou neeno co or creae ocs wese caaes,e conaaaoc.onseuen, usn muocaonaaa oer ssems nenoc ssemreserves comuer resources exene comuaona savnns c aore esnec aanorro mnoouvnnce conn sesnemsemsa seowree aenn s meravneareo mcaanons.e o conene eraes a sne comsm u ans. eor aer excaamone a onosr am snrovee us eercneenrc,e conenoc ssem reures on w conenemsneraerom var aceo vew, mo, or oerwsenerac we someror ous serverocaons anor exerna acaons.nee, w e ssems reure runnn maneren secaze acaonsorneracn wnrenes o conenems,e conenoc ssem uzes acaonneraons uncon aa vru oa e sxaecrena aaormcaoon esm.eusn, no o o cnonenoesoce csoneanneocra seseem co reneunce ane .._ nnaveraacoonnas nanveacnencew aneen comeruena aonac caoson orocessn excessve numers o user urer reucese comuaon s anneraces,ue conenoc ssem ror ssems a a cos o runnn a oe conen-em-secc acaons oermsoescss reu wse eraa. ueres aneenoereos ones ccounsseonn,oecr sesseenm.scosure uzes a vare o rove rearne meann oeseerms as usens onaeasereaer “a conenem”or sm “conene scosure.s useeren,eermncuesnormaonnerreae a com” reerso aa oec or aaeanormaono a user. a co munevcee.., a cenevceoresenmaee, aa auoe, a wenenem canncue ae suc as aaexe, aa ocumene, or some oe ae, a wese, aa veoe, a wee, an, aa arcuaree oreormrae oe ora oec. a conenem canave a aocumens.amae, wc maerorerenes o a conenemse.., conenem can reero a remoes, sorea ve.e.,o cs,o our-asea auemo or aesn.ne. so.,m ae cnas oesr, re aerao a cou-aseem or a we-ase conenem anor a conen ence nsreerences ascree seecon or semene su c ancaesor oer conenem or sourc -oron o conenrom a weae or some can asoe sara e. a conenem cane eae or oerwse moae an conenems moeraome one m usuer aceco uusner aocrc couennsoerv cceeno aenvoceesr. sn some cases, aa erenmes. muaneous anor a envronmenn aanocn,u ases us eeeren,eerm “vrua sace” reerso a comuer-ase a e muocaonaaaocms.eoren msaunceo,c aa vornuaa saaaceonccus aeson con wexu caonaexa suuac aasaor accounaaor user accouns w accesso muocaonaa user communcaonreas assocae w muocaona aocs,reaaaor assocae w muocaonaaaocs, meen aaocs,asaaorasss muocaonaaaocs, summara aaor vrua meens assocae w anor oer conexuaaaocs.n saomore caosces, s aum vmrauraes s oac meu reeorscaoo ana “vrauaa socacse, .._ nneerraaccee” eemaenncuesraca eemens reresenn muocaonaaaocs an oer eaes,e ascsr useeeerren. aaa en, or aaa eemenean,s eemerem “mauenoc mauonae varauaoc sa”c reese crosnocu arreana sr wucuore, movn or con a conenresene wnorncororae e muocaonu oc.or exame, a muocaonaaaoc can reero aaa eemen aaa or reresens a “conenoc”asreseneorsa a corresonso nee, a conenoc can reero a vsua wn a vrua sacenerace. muocaonaaaocncuese zaon o a muocaonaaaoc, weree conen wne conenoc. mu uoncernaaorenneresenaon o a a reeroaa eemens or co aonaaaoc canncue mueaaeners conenoc muer coeaeneea conenoresen wn a orenesoer. e mxame, a muocaonaaaoc canncue a “ocener”aenes ssem can uocaonaaaocore conenocse.nee,e conenoc aoce eme a muocaonaaaocor a conenoc wn a vrua sace an oc cnerore conenocoe vrua sace.n aon, a muocaonaaaocaonan wnecreue a “aso cuornceenens soerre”.ann somcea ceass or reerences a neworocaon or a server aaocsne oreo a sourceeneroes,eocener o a muocaona emeea conen reerence e s r mue sourceenersonerae or nn aocenero a so ourceenernoe corresonn conenoc. oc,e conenoc urceenerorncororan a conenno a conen e sourceener w ssoeum c coan enm oer m ao cvonnene coocnenaermesernoms a cso snerevneroecma roeerence a sne muocaonaaaoc cane emee wn mue vrua sace n.us, usnoceners wou con or movnaaoreresene s concurren n some emomens,e conenoc ssem can asoeerm cnoenen. ener anor aaseneror a muocaonaaaoco orenerae area eren, a “reaener” reerso aaa eeme r a conenoc.s use a a serverocaono na reerences a communcaonrea sore aon,eerm “asrncoernoraer”n re wersno a a maua eoecmaeonnaaa raeeroecnceosr a aa csonens soorce. an a .._ s cearsveesr,oeca coonnenornoccor sorsaenm wnsn a a mocuoecnaoneraoa aa souorccor a conenoc.n some anor aaseneroncororaee corresonn eener, areaener, aaocor a conenoc.n some emomens,a conen wn a muocaona ener anor aasenero a muocaonaae conenoc ssemes area secon w aoc,o a vrua sace, anoro a no cuer aa vnrua sace. a muoc emomens,e conenoc ssemeermnes aoc conuraonor r aonaaaocor a conenoc.s useeren,eerm “oc conuraon” ceoneresno coocm.ueorr c eoxaemae,ee cnoens vensuao cca srasceemrs cacnseorn ae m au vruocaonaaaocor a moreocenersor resecve conenocs an a saceoncue one or corresonnoe conenocs.eae,e co oroncueoc conuraons eor a muocaonaaaocor a cone nenoc ssem caneermne aoc reerso ae or aormaor a muocanoc.s useeren,eerm “oce” oce can reero a serve onaaaocor a conenoc.ornsance, a reerence aocenerocaonosnanennarameers o a conenem aaoconcue or r.nee,e conenoc ssem canene a muocaona eas naveoe co renerence aoce.xameocesncue: a naveoc a conenemr enoc ssemoro a vrua saceaorm anoes nonerae ene om an exerna serverocaon, an exernaoceancues aoc serverorcaeon,o a an soourrce aenrowesrerao rceerenecesa ornnecorraoersaes aa co cnenemrom an exerna a weaeno a muocaonaaaocor a conenoc.nonen anuncona o ssemeneraes a eoenee conens ane some cases,e conenoc n one or more emomens,e conenocavor o a nave conenoc. or renern a conen anororncoro ssem uzes acaonneraons acaonsor vewn an mon conenranuncona assocae w exernaneraon” reerso a comuer ac ems.s useeren,eerm “acaon exame, an acaonne aone,ne, ornerae wn a vrua sace.or enoron raon canncue a orar o an exerna acaone.., conen saceor vewsn or a cnonnenera vcewnn wor a coonnse on ane ame.ca., aon coneansenme sreacec wone a ex verrunaa .._ aormc oao an co.nenn so rmenee craesre.s,neee co,n ae “nconoecn s renseemrer u” cazes an acaonneraonne coenerae wnor aeo a vrua saceor n reero aaa en or comuer conenoc ssem canen a conen ren renern a conenem.ecca,e aaocor a conenoc wn a vruerer comae w renern a muocaona oc manuae va an exerna a sace accorno aocee.., an exerna muocaonaaaocore c acaon anor aoc conuraon assocae we suesonss u msnen oonnee or a movoere, meo a cn conen neenoc earonc. n s msoeme csa.nesne ursaeoc summares anocearnn moe” reerso a comuer aorm or a c eeren,eerm “macne auomacamroveor aarcuarasroueoecon o comuer aormsa aa.or exame, a macneearn rave ouus orreconsase on use omroven accurac a n moe can uze one or moreearnnecnueso es o ne nor eecveness.xame macneearnn moesncue varous aesan neurwaor nes.worsse,scercseonnrueers,e srueoar veecowor, meac conneesn,noear reresson moes, an sueson macneearnn moe”a caneneraeoc c ssem uzes a “oc eavorncunneracons w conene suesonsase on user accounrane anoerauene,aseee ornmn “nueusrao neeewromrm n”s e r ce. aesrssoca ao mnasc, scnoerese,arnn moea cane uncons.or exame, a neura neworncue or aroxmae unnown e.., oranzenaersa com s a moe onerconnece arca neurons enerae ouuse. muncae anearno aroxmae comexuncons an newor.n .,oc summarzaonsase on aura onusroveoe neuramemense seomeea crnasnes,e ac nneuruaes neow moore reers-eove an a asroarcomnsonr saea. o a neourram neswa canncue varousaers suc as annuaer, one or moreenae or a eacerormassorrocessnaa.or exame, a rs, an an ouuaer neura newor, a convouona neur neura newor canncue aee ra neura newor a newor, a recurren neura newore.., an , a eow, suc a neura n,e owro are mnaeraevceom aev aer csoanraen n ceuursaer nenw noerur.a neownorra.nn asescre .._ o annsancse u ose use weren,n ae ceernm a “acacaono onr s wessonn” aoarr scoumemes sm “sesson” reers em usn a cen acaon.or exame, ar coecon oroer or conen erorme wn a sneon o a an acaon sesson reers a se o acves ssem.s anoer cen acaon or an acaon o a conen manaemen a exame, an acaon sesson reerso a se o acveserorme wn a s sensseon v rse our aens a aocna won oer an s oneer a ccacseesss, o a s ae csonen coecon oroer.n some cases,ncaes annsance o useewee sonoes no reure aon annsea eween vssa n cosures orermnaonso an acaon or weae or or see moe. are aeas aresoero ome aaror searae aevceower o reeren onaea rearne conenoc ssem w nowerove w envroncmeeoneormurese.meonr enxam a ceo,nen.ocusr sasese am scemanc accaorraamnc oe an exame ssemmemenaons.n overvew oe conenoc ssem se w one or more ereaer, a moreeaeescron oe comonens scren reaono.. ssem sroven reaonoe suseuen anrocesses oe conenoc , exernas s ssowemn,se env, arnonm ae nnewnocrues s.ervaecrsures. oe, c coemnoneevncsesa-n, aaaase communcae vae newor , ane newor mae oe envronmen can comunevces can communcae.xam an suae newor over wc reaono e newors arescussen moreeaeown s me.no-ne. cenevcesa-n a caonve,e onee ex oam a vaer eenv oron cmomenunncueevs ccees,nncevucens a sma-arno.ne,eae, a smareevson, aeso comuer, aao comuer, a vrua r a aumene reaevce, or anoer comunevce ases ea evce, an e cenevcesa-n can communcae we servcren reaono .-. e newor .or exame,e cenevcesa-ner csa anoreaaase vaneracn we cenevcesa-ne.. n receve usernurom a user access,enerae, mo, or s , vae cen acaon o,ornsance, evce, oro seec a usernearreac ae co enemenen.emn,o a coaono,raee w cone an co-uoscer o ss aemeren o cnene .._ s uesrevrernserace e caenm reencesveaseno ornmaeonn ruea recneveo varousneracons w conenems anor conenems,neracn w conen e cenevcesa-ne..,o access s sown,e cenevcesocs,a o-rerno cramn sonme oer acon. arcuar,e cen acaon mae a we acaconu, ae n a cen acaon.n e cenevcesa-ne.., a moe acaon, aeso aave acaonnsae on ase acaon were a orar oeunconaser caon, ec., or a cou- onnsruconsrome cen acaon,e cenevorme e servers.asenormaon,ncun a userneraceanc cesa-n canresen orsa exerna acaonse.. ues a vrua saceorresenn conensrom ssem. ,rome exerna ssems anorrome conen manaemen serve susraen.,e exame envronmen asoncuese servers.e ars conen maemse,n ceornaeen,racoc, ss,orne,erraoccees es,em reecnesv,e,n anransm eecroncaa, suc asneracons wnerace eemens, anor eracons w a conenems, or exame,e s neraconseween user accouns or cenevces. a seecon ervers ma receveaarome cenevcesa-nneorm o ca o aarcuar conenocneran a conenem.n aon,e servers anorcan ssumesaaono, a ver cuean saecvecenseracae-, orn somne oeoerrmn oor am caonoenn.oc, aoc summar, can communcae we cenevcesa-no sen ano nee,e servers .n somememenaons,e servers comr r receveaa vae newor servers ncues a numer o server ses asrue server wereenerenscaocaons.e seevcessrue acrosse newor anocae acaon servers, communcaon servrevresr,s we-o csann co smervrersse, o mnaec orne moeraer conen servers, oeres o serve nn server, an ar o a conse sno mwanrs. nanemen. s,seem server.se c can asoncuee conenoc ssem as w e cenevcesa-noeronen manaemen ssem can communcae acaon suc as manan use orm varousuncons assocae w e cen ems, anacan userneraconr w accounes c,o mnaenna cno ceocnoenns a cnoeocr coonns,e mnanaemns. cnoneeen, .._ mean caone,en so mrea,na anem menan sasnem conen canemncsu ae a newor-ase smar cou sorae ssemoncun user accounsn coaoraon wn one re anaoeer.aan a scormoses e nmumoeromusen uss,ere ac ccouns, oc ssem anore conen manaemen ssem uzeeaaase onen accessnormaon suc as a conenems,ocener o sore an eners,aseners,oces, anoc c s, sourceeners,rea can sore. oruorse croneunsraeemss ex emernea saseemo wsnura n m.o unns. ocaarcuar,e exerna ssems ocs.or exame,e exerna ssems ca onaaaocsor conen anor canncue a comu nncue a serverocaonosn a weae acaon, or a caen er acaone.., a messan acaon, aoo en cases,e ar acaonas exernaoe conenoc ssem.n some e exerna ssems s exernaoe conenoc ssem ne senseae axneronra saseem cosnen anoc se csoenmenocoes s nsoemnave areoocsa oer m aanaenren serverocaons exerna ssems. euncon oe somememenouaons,.e coenecnsoec co snseenmoc m sasem ocae one servers,n ornar on one or more oer com ememenee..,ocae enre ssem maeme onens oe envronmen.or exame,e conenoc exame,ee c mene e cenevcesa-n, anor ar-arevce.or ormemenevcesa-n canownoa a orar oe conenoc ssem nn soamoenmneemenenean o, oroeer w,e servers. eren arrane ons,ou nousraen.,e envronmen maave a aoeer.or emxaemn oe, coem coennenesv acnesor maa-anve m aa comermenun ncuameerr or se o comonens oc ssem,assne newor .s anoer exame,e eec we conen eaaaseocae exernaoe servers e. nvronmen canncue orocae one servers, one .,n communcaon vae newor n. exerna ssems, anor one cenevcesa- reano:s meneenraonne a ano mvea,naen co mnuenocoacon saseamaoc casn,ereonremra mne aons s ourmmunacrzonns .._ cooncenrowocsers. weno a vowruna seasccerneorna scee,arae msanan a vrua saceaormor a conen or eac oeseour conce escusson ane corresonnures secons areveo snonvua secons, eac ws ownean. eese erormance accornr coa sruc,ves coonne onr seoacra sosn.emaer,s neo comnenenocs sunscemona ca or erorm a or some oe acs or meos assocae w one or more n searae orn comnaonoeer.nee, some s oeoown secons eescrons o oer secon econseow maorrowrom or re on enerans an menaonnea anoveus. ,n coecaonaaaocs eneraes an mana ranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem canen es muocaonaaaocs.ore secca,e conenoc ssem anor one meoraree o a merueoncaeornsaaaaneorcae coannencueems,s o wrs renreese mnueoc, aocener ornsance,e conenoc ssem canenerae a m aonaaaoc. ocenera reerences a sourceen uocaonaaaoconcue anerae..usraes a er o a serverocaonosn a conenemo ocsn n exame overvew oeneran an manan muocaonaaa conces o accor.ancse wrov oene oerre maoreer w emo remereenncse.o suseonuaeneaure rearne varous oc .snuasrracuear,ne co.n,ene cooncen sseomc sseemneraeseneera meus as. o mcauonoacaaonaaoaa oncue aocener.or exame,e conenoc ssem eneraesc ocener anureres ornseo e so cener o a sourceener.n somurece caseesn,eer cone,n woecn s oseemr emoenmeernaesse m.u., emocaoonmaenasa weoc oncuee aaoc s a naveocaoes no reerence a con ree muocaonaocaon,e conenoc ssem ene enemrom an exerna server sourceener.nee,or nav raese muocaonaaaoc woue ocs,e coneno eocs, suc as communcaonreaocs anassnerae a conec ssem caneneraee muocaonaaaoc orec manaemen ssemn.rom wne conenoc ssem orrome conen .._ e emeas se wown,n meu coneen vrouca s ssaceems concuerrneenrae.seor meu secocacaona,aaoc o ssem concurren emese muocaonaaaoc wn e conenoc e cenevcea, a secon vrua sace one c ars vrua sace on one cenevcec.nee,e cone enevce , an ar vrua sace muocaonaaaoc ane sneoncoecn ssem reures one sne conenem wne vrua saces o er o concurrenncororae a o emee muocaonanaea reoscecve w cenn eaecvc ves. ssem uzeseocenero reerence rua sace,e conenoc .ornsance,e conenoc sse oresnaee muocaonaaaoc emee muocaonaaaocmn sens anor receveseocener o oc ssem rec resonseo a reues.n some cases,e conen a eves an emen reuesrom a cenevcee..,e cenevcea nurncues a reuesoreocener ncane muocaonaaaoc . enn,ee conenoc ssem roveseocener wcseoe source conenroc. ssemn c oarnneocener we sourceener,e e muoca nncororae aa conenemrome serverocaon wn oo enaaoraaae,oce conenorsoca s ons cenevces. eermne a sourceener asne oreme anazeseocener o conenoc ssem anazese sourceenoeocener.ecca,eocaon e.., a aoss or sore er oeermne oren a server ssem enese server s a conenem.or exame,e conenoc acao ocaon as a weae server or a serveror an exerna e n.e conenoc ssem urerrovese conenemorsa asar o e c mounenocaemon.an saoame coacses,e croonuen usonc ses seomurce reenureerso access anransmneracons anorresenaon oe co nerne accesso manan e conenoc ss nenemrome serverocaon.n oer cases, cenevce em canownoa orrovee conenemo a cenevcee..,e s mena vonaee sourceener oacae one access. eermnes mueoc ao cvoen,nu crearaonnseosrcr ae mu emocoamoneans,aae cooncen.nocar scsueamr,e .._ coanaenococas ses oenm userneeerramcnoensseenrenn vosuca c conauraonsore same muocaona oc wn resecve vrua sace racerscsore muocaonaaa accommoaner s..usraes an examearamoreermnn an one or more enoc conuraonsor a muocaonaaaocn accorance w muocaons em auo asarmaeens. ocn.or, emee connen wocn v srsueam saces oen ces oreermnes a arcuar,e conenoc ssem enese muocao enevces.ore wn a serverocaon oe conenoc ssem, su naaaoc sore e conenoc ssem eermnese c aseaaase.n some cases, orncororae a cenevc muocaonaaaoc as aoc reuese ener.n aon,e coea, a cenevce , an a cenevcec va aoc ore muocaon nenoc ssem eermnes mueoc conuraons sneocenearaaanoc , evenoue muocaonaaaoc as on a eermcene or a sne sourceener.s sown,e conenoc ssem cenevsoc conuraonore cenevcea,oc conuraonore oeer,m anne aococ con conuraonore cenevcec. usernerac uraon,e conenoc ssem can receve oreec e conenonosc se ssnesm vsua r cecaeravceser asncns ocaeon mu o ao ucaseronnaeraacaoc.or exame, e an w mensons, aocaon, a coor, an onenn a szee.., .n some emomens,e coneno or a sae oe muocaonaaaoc eermnneren ses o vsua c ssem eermnes aoc conuraon cases,e con caracerscsore muocaonaaaoc .n some erenoce cnonoucra sonsse.morn rseacnecvee,s oer coeneernmneosc sesreenm vsua caracerscsor enneoc conuraonrome cenevcea recevesneracons oc conuraonrome cenevce , recevesneraconsenne conuraonrome ce , anor recevesneraconsenneoc muocaonaaao nevcec.us,e conenoc ssem can soree accoun-secc orevcce-sec asc a seoacra ceonaau ernaonsr,o am w eacn oes varauaas-esace.-seccor .._ an uzess a mencaonoen anoevrea,non cseroana ecmaoem reennesr,ne, c monoennoc ssem eermnes w conenemsncororae w a muocaon , or oerwseneracn ssem neraesceranunco aaaoc.narcuar,e conenoc muocaonaaaocs a ns o comuer acaonsoacaeneracn w acaons..usrassocae w—ora are on comae w—arcuar vrua sace es an examearamoreermnn acaonneraonsor a sn aucscroareancne w. on,e oer more emomens. oc orsa on a cene conenoc ssem roves a muocaonaaa e muocaonaaaoc wvcen a.ecca,e conenoc ssem emes .n some emomen vrua saceresene orsae one cenevce ancues aocse,e conenoc ssem emese muocaonaaaoc e.nee,e conner anancuesors oerwse assocae w aoc eocener.oernnsoc ssem eermneseoce corresonnon resonseo rece ance,e conenoc ssem eermneseoce recevn a r vneocener rome cenevce e..,n resonseo aeseues onoereseonce meuo,caeon caoneanaoc . comae conen renerero re oc ssem eermnes or seecs a evce.o eaorae,e cnere muocaonaaaoc orsa one cen a sor onenoc ssem accesses a conen renerer reosor es.nes so ameu craases, oe c coonneenn renocere srsseomr renerenerm muneso ccoanonaaaocs oeren acaonorons, or comuer coe en renerers as acaons, caaesorresen semensa cause orrove conen renern vrua saces.ornsnan ccoen,ene coenmesne..o,c con sesnemems s ceacnceon cera ann anecraaons wn renerer usn an acaonrorammnnerace asso e a conen acaon. cae w aarcuar comuer renererronm on aen o ar mocraeo emomens,e conenoc ssem eermnes a conen eermnes weere vnneraon.narcuar,e conenoc ssem acaonneraonruaa sancceu oese or ceenneesv ac ceonena rsennereer o cromncoarorea we aaercuocar .._ seaercor o,owen moua,o acnaonnsaaaoar oocerwse.ncno sromorea ceases,e conenoc ssem can weoc an acaonneraon comae ase rom a neworocaon. emomens,ee on coenne acaonneraon oreoce,n some e conenoc ssnemeno ccan u sszeemeoceermenes ao comeearmnee coen aen rceanoenrern.enraeeon, con aenn caonc u sszeeme a acccaesosensn a ceonraenon reneroer aesn a a conen renerer.or exame,eneraon.n ceran cases,e c oron or auncon oe acaon renererrome cone onenoc ssem enes a comae conen eoce.n renerer reosor ase one acaonneraon anor reosororn ssoarnnce, coneen con reennereroscor sseemrenoceneess, anromoree cronen renererneraons, a conen renereras comae worar o en acaon ccorn,e conenoc ssem can eme,nce acaonneraon. oerwseeveraee conen ren ororae,ownoa,rove, or muocaonaaaoc wnererore muocaonaaaoc oresene ssem canusrov e vrua sace one cenevce.e conenoc aoc conur e orresene muocaonaaaoc orsa accorno s meanoonn uesn aovee,oc-e-secc conen renerer. eneraes an n ceranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem a manaesreaeners anasenersor a muocaonaaaoc.n murcuocaar,onea conaeanococ an ss caenmener caaen aenreeraae aenaserenor ae cror aasreaneo ao a muocaonaaaoc.. usraes an ex ommuncaonreane manannreaeners anaseners amearamoreneran an susraen.,e co n accorance w one or more emomens. oc orsa on a cenevcenenoc ssem roves a muocaonaaa e muocaonaaaoc o .narcuar,e conenoc ssem roves .n some emome rsa wn a vrua saceresene one cenevce oncuenormaonns o,eer coannenorno ac ssoenmoxeesneorar ae vseu mauzaoocna oo ana conaeanoecm .._ ae.as., ansmae an o aor c aar co.mnmuenec,a aso snown,e conenoc ssem eneraes anroves e muocaona rea wn or asar ooro oerwse accoman communcaoornnsraena acae,oce as conn. eerancveoc com sosneemns oero mvuesoceass ane are assocae w searaeenersorneen aonaaaoc a e conenoc sse en sorae an manaemen.o eaorae, sae conenem eneraeseass asneracveneenen oe muocaonaaamoc vae cn ceonaeovrcaeon w anoer o ceenr ceevnceevce.sn aaavoen a,ccessoe oc ssem eneraes aasener oreass.narce conen recevn a reuese.., anncaon o a user uar,ase on eass,e conenoc neracon vae cenevce oenerae mananeass a ssem eneraeseasener as aaa oeco . noro uaeeass ase onneracons weasssneracn aon,e conenoc ssem eneraese communcaonrea a cenevvcees wnee ancceenss ooee msuaoeca coonnaenaeamo vcae cnen coeavcoer anor va oer evce.e conenoc ssem urereneraes a aon we cen communcaonrea .ore secca,e cone reaener ore ener as aaa oeco manane noc ssem eneraeserea s anore conene communcaonrea searaeromeas communcaonrea m.e conenoc ssem canurer mo e we comm uanereaener n resonseo userneracons mananecc mou urncnao oca,n aosrea nausaraae. ocn.o,nceu coenene ooc ssem canenerae an ener orenne muocaonaaao erwse assocae w aoc sourceener, a sourceener c annno conenem vaes a non-naveoc, a ne case weree muocaonaaaoc oc reaener, an aasener.n some cases,e conen en sersem, anornse oarseseneeroc.enccorern,oe ceon soeunrceocen sseerm, cane emreae .._ coem mmuuncoacaononareaaao,c anas ws a vr,ua u ssance,e a.o.n,r wovns reerence conenem, ocener wcncues comuer coe reeren orransmn a snencororan cne oerenersor s meer resecvea conen. moes a conennoneme a aosve s,ernve creroacan eomnoaseme onns a,nen ceornacenooc ssem uaes or oc.narcuar,e conenoc ssem can r n w a muocaonaaa w a muocaonaaaoco eceve anncaon o a userneracon canroaaee mo mo asae conenem, ane conenoc ssem mocaon caonoe serverocaon oe conenem va awo-wa serverocao cnan unsen. a.wo-wuasra meos anc eaxaomn ceananeramno arcc moorancen a conenem a a emomen w one or more oc oss. russraae onn a ce.n,evec ceonen.oocre sasremcuaroves a muocaonaaa roves a muocaonaaaoc rovn aocre,e conenoc ssem ener wc reerences a conenemneo ner aseo a source ae serverocaon.nee, rm o aamae o a care.., soremae oe car e conenoc ssem accesses anncororaese renerexes usonreem soaurece oene caerr usno a re cornevene raenaerroemre.e. s,errverocaon oneraon.omarne caroausraen.,e car o om an acaon oc as aeren coor or san.nee,e conen e muocaonaaancaon o a userneracon vae cene oc ssem receves an canee vce o mo emae oe care..,o n co reosrsonasn. vusuazaon oe meuoocea uosneranaeraacoocn,e c wonenneo vcru sas semace o noe c onen uevaceese, or exea cmonee,neo ccon sensemoc susremerroa esaaessees m oorecnaeroaneso ae serverocaon. canne e.., va a newor conneconorra wo-wa mocaon emo anrome serveroc nsmn orroaan canesoe conen ewo-wa mocaon cananeon.o un soamee caesems,aee o coneen caro score ss aeme serveurso ucazoens .._ n aecsceor orn oeor m caoses,caeo cnosn meane voac us sersnemeraconusr wer ue mzeuocaonaaaoc. canne o uaee vsuazaon oemae oe car wsewo-wa mocaon oc ase oneecn a new verson or an uaeoe ne muocaonaaaocaon e..,ase on a mocao conenem as sore ae server e cenevce n mae va anoer cenevcen coaoraon w ssems an me.o-s,. oree cnoerrreasnon ann maenxa, ann a meu exaomcaoesnaroavaeo ac nunm acecro oranceeren one or more emomens.n aonoeoreon,memenaons ca werms oowcars comrsn acs sesn a meoor a n asoeescren exame,.usraes an exame se ccomsn aarcuar resu.or aaocn accora res o acsoreneran an manan a muocaonamemenaonen s ma.ce w om, au osnrea o o,er rs m eo ao rcre es em accoormnens.o ceranmemenaons, aernave acs o . caneerorme asarr, anor mo an oe acs sownn..e reaae meum can o a meo.ernave, a non-ransor comuer a comunevceo comerorrsmenser auccso ons,a. w.enn s execuureerm onee omre mnorerocessors, cause erorme ac aons, a ssem can sourceenss eru o .sraore. exn. ame.,,e aec seres o acs mancue an ac oeneran a serverocaon so nvoveseneran a sourceenerncan a eneran rn a conenem.n aon,e seres o acs ncues an ac onvovesen aer maun,ocraomonae soauarceocenroemr, a meu souorccaeoneanaear.ocor re exearme,e ac em sore ae serverocaon oe sourceener encne conen emeae wn mue vrua saces con , werene muocaonaaaocs e seres o acs ncues an curren usn a sneocener.urer, muocaonaaaoc.or exam ac oeermnnoc conuraonsore aaoc, aura ooc e,e ac nvoveseermnn,ore muocaona eren c conuraonsncan eren vsua caracerscse.., se saces. oennaev,cees serores os aacsnen mcuuesoc aan aocnaa oaoecn wnn a re csoneecnv ree vnreurear .._ mou renoecraoena muaaocaocon aanaroam aoc re.osoorr ex oam cone,ene re ancenvovesenn,oreneraonsor a vrua saceaorm, a rersassocae w acaon muocaonaaaoc acco conen renerer comae w vsuazne conurao rno aoc conuraonrom amoneura ooc enernn sso. emneera emno amaenas e,emee sneresa oe ascsor reenrcenuceess ane ac ser overenerane source conenemoororncororan wn muocaonaa ocaon sorne eners wc reerencee sourceenerwou aocsancueoc oer emomens,e seres o acs nc cone conenem.nese or oc eneran aaa eemen ues an ac oenerane muocaonaaancorora soren a sne serverocaon, wereneaa eemen ener.esu areears, aeo serroens o o aces cone cnanenmcue ann ace o sneeermoncneneuerrao oe source conuraonseermnn vsua caracerscs se eren cene oc eren vsua reresenaons oe muocaona vcesorresenn saces. aaoc wne resecve vrua renerer conm soamee em wo vmsens,e seres o acs ncues an ac oenne conenneraonas assocauazne muocaonaaaoc enn an acaon seres o acs cannce w aoce oe muocaonaaaoc.n aon,e conen renerers receuven an, arcom o ae ceermnnenvcee, cnonceano rnesneorrer as wurane o reosor oneraonsoncororae wn a vrua saceaorm usn re acaon rorammnneraces.urer,e seres o acs c secve acaon aona muocaonaaaocas nave anncue an ac oeneran an oceneras no assocae w o a vrua saceaorm anancues a n some emomens,e sere as c oorresonn sourceener. renerer comae w vsuazn acs ncues an ac oenne conen assocae we muocaonae muocaonaaaoc:eermnn aoce assocae weoce.e saearoc anenn an acaonneraonas conen renererrom amone reosoers o o a cconsen r ceanne aresrosnnccuuen an s aecm oense on comnueer .._ c moueoecnaeroanea,aroam coocrres.sonn cenra an casceas,onneraons,or renern conenems wn e muocaonaaaocorsa e seres o acs ncues an ac orovn conuraon se ars cene wn ars vrua sace accorno arsoc muocaonaaaocors vce anorurerncues an ac orovne conuraon s a wn a secon vrua sace accorno a seconoc muocaonna soemae a a em sec ocoonm cene esn n,e eraevc n seer. aesa oa e aecmsen soncues an ac oeneranencororaese conenem ne sne ren a sne serverocaona sorne conenem ae sne ser oceneroe sourceener wou can asoncue an a verocaon oeaa eemen.e seres o acsocaons anmensc oeermnneura ooc conuraons eermnn e resec ons assocae w versons oe muocaonaaaocsae w assocae wnve ce vrrau ena m e smac uoes. ocmaeonnsa,aea seroesc o. acurserncues an ac oeermnn aass oeneran,oreass, aasen ,e seres o acs canncue an ac ener oe muocaonaaaoer comrsn aaa eemeneoe sneoc oeermnn a c c.n some cases,e seres o acs ncues an ac oer cases,e seormesm oun accasonrnecau aessso acna aec o weneera mnu,oocraoen caomamaoc.nese or reaenerncun aaa eemeneoe sneoceneuncaonrea, a aaoc.n aon,e seres o acs canncue an a r oe muocaona userneracon we muocaonaaao c o recevn anncaon o a muocaonaaaoc.urer,e sercor mon conenresene wnencaon oe usernerac es o acs canncue an ac o,ase one mocaon maeoe on, uzn awo-wa mocaon canneoroaae a em sore ae conenresene wne muocaonaaaocoe conen eneran an suermvemrocaon assocae we sourceener. s menonea arzovne,no cneenocs wn aruaacenerace anroves cusom ran emomens,e conenoc ssem eneraes ssem canenerzaee v mruuao scaacoensaoraasaoc osn cesecnreev aceosv.enne reea,one coonen.o-c. .._ vrsoumazaeo mnsu oocea mounaocaaaonaocasa,oecs conneneoromc o s cosnemenoc csanorurserarove vrua saces, weree conenocsncororae conenemsro wn anorncue nave conenor a vrua m resecve serverocaons eneran anrovn cone sace..usraes an exame overvew o or more emome nocsorsa wn a vrua sacen accorance w one w reerencns.ereaer, aonaea rearne varous acs o.srove vrua saceseo nues su rraas ceeu e.nen na.ur rc,es. uaer, coneen conoenc soscem erorms an ac oenerae anerace asar o a vrua saceaor ssem eneraes a vrua sace acaonaroves an e me.., a we-ase or sanaone vrua sace e envronmen o nvronmenor vewn anneracn w conenems. n conexuaaa surro aunsnnee vrsuaa sea ccoenneneraecme,s,nec cuonnen useroc acco susnesm assocaroves e conenems,asss assocae we conenems, caenar eve e w conenems, vrua meens assocae w e conene ns assocae we assocae we conenems, anor oer c ms, communcaonreas enerae a cosnuernerocu.srnaearncuar,.e, coen co eon nneexnua oco scaa se s. msemeneraereorms an ac o resen orsa a vsuazaon oaae.., a conenemn s a conenoco aaoc.nee,e conenoc ssem canecororae wn a muocaona conenem sore a an exerna se nerae a conenoca vsuazes a anoranc rverocaone.., ouse oe conen manaemen ssem , suc ororaesaa naveo a vrua saceaorm oe conenoc ssem ureren aesr aa ceo am cmonunencaoonc aresa annocer oacre a eaesmensaoca.s meo conaene vsouca s csem can suc as sze,oson, coor, an sae.nee,ase o aracerscs, e or w o a conenoc,e conenon recevn a userneracono mo a a conen wne conenoco sow moc ssem can auseresenaon o ecreasenmenson re oress conen,eenn on anncrease or conenoc,e cone.norocns sansceem,ase ca onnroevecen mo are r oeuees coonre anuem-scroerens veaw oan a .._ oer ac sema coenr-sze conenoc.n some cases, a conenoc caneneracveo mo a rove aose c ans soem ummu a ass rr w zae ae. on.,e conenoc ssem erorms an ac o anrove n eemen.narcuar,e conenoc ssem canenerae summarzao an eoecme snumsm aar sezaecoan eeemneenracoer eesmean worenn aer varua sace, wereeoc conenoc.n some cases,e conenoc n aoc summarrom a eemenorsa wn a conenoc, ssem roves aoc summarzaon roves aoc summarzaon wen oer casese conenoc ssem ona,e eemenorsan oerocaons o a vrua sacenerace. summar.o eaorae,e c coonneennoocc s ssseemm receervoerms asn ann accaon oo ae unseerranee aracoc seecn aoc summarzaon eemen, ann resonse,e con on aoc summarromea conen o a coneno enoc ssem eneraes ssem uzes aoc summarzaon ne c.or exame,e conenoc a oenerae aoc su ura newore.., aareanuae moe suc as s osem eneraes aoc summmmararnroemo arm co one anescorc.onn o so ame caasesm,aee, c aoneesncroocn oc aumena o vr seroe,a as seoerene verson o aa veo, anor a concseescron o aa surerus exranne conens. mo e conenoc waeneo.,e conenoc ssem erorms an ac o uaes or moese co c summar.ore secca,e conenoc ssem e vsuazaon o nenocrom wceoc summarsenerae reacn oc.nee e conenem w a vsuazaon oeoc summar wne conen summar w,e se conenoc ssem can mo e conenocosaeoc reerencn reanne sameocenereoe same sourceener ores e same conenem.e conenoc ssem ma on canee vsua cenaon oe conenoc we mananne unernaa srucuresnne enneernaeso acooc a s cuomnmenaremen a ae sre arnvereoscaeon.ocn s soummem cases,e conenoc ssem oe conenoco reerenceeoc summar areneroeocener conen manaemen ssem. sore a a serverocaone.., wne .._ cusomzens asousraen.,e conenoc ssem erorms an ac o noca eraces an nocaons.narcuar,e conenoc ssem canrovencaonsorsa wn a vrua saceneraceor esewere on a cenevcea coae uaes or mocaonso conenocse..,ase on canesrom oer,neraocreas,n suc c aens vrevuace ss.acen aneraocne,s, se caocne seunmmoacr snserema can cusomze varous user ase on conenocs anoroc summar ces, anor oer userneraces conenoc ssem can cusom es wn one or more vrua saces.nee,e anor aer-evceassoresen rezeeva snac ceon suemnmarocnneroarcmeas oonn aaseer-u osenr-acscoorucna uasses accouneavore.., seecons, vews, scros, sares,ownoas r anorme se , reces, mocaons, s mnennoenreacn w conenems. a sace summ ,n ceranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem roves canrarneraceorsa on a cenevce.narcuar,e conenoc ssem or one oro mvoree v ar suaace s suamcems aasrsocnaereac wea a s uusmerm acacrozuens o.rnc.ues seecae sace eemens summarneracen accorance w one or m usraes an exame sace susraen.,e conenore eomco ssmeemns.roves a sace summa “noemraec”eneraocre wsan a o vn aru cae snaceevcaeorm.e.s s., wown,n ae “ sraoce souxmmuare”n aeraccaeon.sr a sown,e sace summarnerace ncues ae raancaes a user acc s sace summarnerace anaurerncues a searc eemen an ounore or an a new vrua saceore user accoun “.”n ao a seecae eemen ncues a sace eemen an a sace eemen an,e sace summarnerace resecve vrua saceneraces.nee, are eac seecaeo access ,e conenoc ssem ca ase on a userneracon seecne sace eemen ewse,ase on a nrove a vrua saceneraceore “:s” vrua sace. canrove a userneracon seecne sace eemen,e conenoc ssem s sow vnr,uae s saaccee eneeraceore “uenacs” vrua sace. oe “:s” vrua sace. men ncaesa one user accoun “”as access ore “:s” vrua sace, snum amaroznn,e se vacreu eae smeance as “nc suacees aor v rreucuarr snac oen seu-monm-oanre .._ m coeneenns.”ocnsenecu,ee c wonenneo vcr suase smacee c.a.n, usennera ae su a vrua sace summarase on as aareanuae moe or a vson-a mmarzaon neura newor sucmaes anex.ornsance, nuae moene case o mxe conenncun reurn usernuo reu e conenoc ssem can auomacae.., wou s es orromenerae a vrua sace summaror one or more vrua eeamceesnsor.ssaur wer snowen, saece s saucmem eaermenneracencaees..,a wen “ reuseecnvae vrcusa sace saces accesse e “” user accoun as we ase “” user a ” vrua ssem canurerncae wen a user accouna ccoun.e conenoc corresonn vrua sace eemene. s accesse a vrua sace wn a s menone aove,n ceran., e “moam aeno”s, or “e wee ao”. a vrua saceneraceorsa on a cene conenoc ssem canrove canrove a vrua sacenera vce.narcuar,e conenoc ssem w accorna anc se wace summarneraccee.ase o.n receuvsnra aes us aenr enxearmaceon v sreueacn sa ace sanceer eaecmeenn orssau osn onrea o aer m cnore em ene.o vc,m eee cno.ns.ennaroccu ssem roves a vrua sacenerace anrovese vrua sacenerace ar,e conenoc ssem eneraesneracon seecne new n resonseo recevn anncaon o a user rovne vrua sace eemen .ase oneneran a new vrua sace an eemens sacenerace,e conenoc ssem urerrovesnerace e or crean a new conenoconcue wne vrua sacenerace .or sxaacmene,ee conenoc ssem roves an aoc eemen wne vrua n rersacoenseo. recne svomne c aansens,cae coonn oen a uosecr snsereamcon seroecvnesee n aewoocc eemen or an a newocoe vrua s eemen s sown,e conen acenerace . ncue a numer o eemensor coc ssem eneraese newoc eemen o e conenoc ssem rean a conenoc o aarcuaroce.o eaorae, resecveoces canrove a numer ooce eemens corresonno eermne acaonnore ar naewon csonneenraeoc o.rnnc soormoera caeses w,e coen vernuao scac seseamorm a cnan .._ c aanocouaee eeemesn oor eoacc ae ecemensase one acaonneraonse..,oncue n aon,e conenaoonneraon. conenocs,ncun com c ssem canroveoce eemensor nave acaonneraons muncaonreaocs anorassocsao no reure s sown,e con u woseunconasnseaunoe vrua saceaorm. “oe,” “aerocenoc ssem rovesoce eemensoroces suc as o a userneracon,” se anec “nr aaoec,” amoen ee omeenrs,.ne ceoen,enn resocon ssesoem recevnen aenncaon conenoc oe corresonnoc e,ncororanuncon raes a new acaonneraonor renern anneracn w a conen a oe assocae cue ass o asoo scow sun,ese coonns.enoro ecxam ss em.n ee,me coneenneraoesc se nseewmoc eeneemraenes ao sueson usn aoc sueson macneearnn moee.., a neura oc conenoc ssem can uze aoc sueson macneea newor.nee,e oc suesonrom user accounaa, suc ass rnn moeoenerae a conenems.nee,e c orca user accounneracons w varous user accounaaseanocnuenesnocca ssonesm o ve cwans,e cnecras,e m ao moecanonus,n scroeso,r sma ores a reces, anorneraconmes assocae w varous conenemsn , conenems sore wne conen manaemen ssem cun weses anor ssem can access werowseraa .n some cases,e conenoc e conenoc ss oeermne oreneraeoc suesons.ornsance, conenemo em canen a conenem wn an oena o a werowser as a suesonscco sru erenes n, w ore e cn aocnoec un su ser aocces cou so nsn oe.m canenerae user-accoun-seccoc conenoc ssem eneraes arsoc se conenoc ssem.s sown,e seecaeoenerae a new coneno uesonor “oc –rooxaer”as unconarom arooxaer acorencae conenemanoncororae ssem eneraes a sec caonneraon.s aso sown,e conenoc seecon,ro onoc suesonor “ueoramnourromo,” wc, uon conenemmorssea co wnennoec v srusaem saceoneernaecreae a n.ewn coenee,nn soocmeo carsese,naseca oen .._ s aeecon o o ae souce ssuees coonne,nee cmon,enarosces sesemo:enen aens a a sercverocaone.., corresonnoe coneneme.., exracn a con aonneraon eermnes a sourceenerore coneneme.. enenerrome , oco rener , va an, anveneraes a conen s me conenem. e enone aove,n ceranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem anneroare cso arrnesornovnes c aon vernuae smsac.enneraracceuoarr, moe conn or manuan conenocs vrua saceneraceancues mue co enoc ssem eneraes a conenoc ssem canu nenocs arrane accorno usernu.e resena rerenerae aoc summaror a conenoc an can mo vrua saon oe conenocoecaoc summar..- usrae exame sanc aenocera sucemsm,anrcu,nn acc aonr uancaee w o a o cnoen oern moroec emroommesnsan a conenemo sacenerasceusraeornsa. on, a cee cnoneenvceoc s.senmarcuenaerr,aees. a cnonernovoecs a s vrua eneraese vrua sacenerace oncue mue secons an sem sown,e conenoc ssem eneraese vrua sa conenocs.s ocsor a vrua sace name “roe cenerace oresen conen e vrua sacenerace c.”n aon,e conenoc ssem eneraes conenocsore v oncue a vrua saceoron ecn secons an assocae we vrurua sace anoncue a r ra ecn conexuaaa acveeo“ eaaocreaec,a ve s caoc ”ne. .ene coocne snseomc sseemnerae csaneo rua reae acvonceeu we an a ocr coonn seunmmeamrses wor ancve versuaer soramceeneracee cen.evnceee,as we reseco conenocs w a conenoce.., a mocaono a cone oneecn anneracon ssem can uaee acvee w a sunem va a conenoc,e conenoc conenoc ssem can a mmar oeneracon.n some cases,e or commense.. so receveexnu we acveeo a manua uaes can uaee, w acvnee “e arse s uowane one mreu”ue cee.ncecvorcensre,sene cnon reensecocve s vsreuma .._ seanceeraneseraece ascovree seamoe “ncroueec a”c vvruaes soarc ae.anr scome cases,e conenoc ssem urer,e conenoc ssem enerauesarem reer roe.., “oa”. acon suesons“e us sace”.o eaorae,e conenoca oncueoc oc acon suesonsor a user accouno se ue ssem caneermne case,e conenoc ssem eneraes vrua sacenerace .n some sorca userneraconsore oc acon suesonsase oneermnn esorca u “” user accounanor oer user accouns an comarnner serneracons wneraconsaaveaenace wne vrua sace acace .ornsance,e conenoc ssem caneermneae “” usernceoruanceaannoorr on reera usoenr aoccaoruncusare cronoremn onoec osr mno aree acons wn a new vrua sace saceneracesore “” user accou as aresoercenae o vrua ae user accounas n anor oer user accouns.ase oneermnn e con.enoc s noeerorme suc acons wne vrua sacenerace , acons sem canurerenerae anroveoc acon suesonsorose sacenesurerusraen.,e conenoc ssem eneraese vrua e conenrace oncue a vrua saceoron. ne vrua saceoron, oc secono acn s a “seemv”ocen seercaeosn a.nero cvoneesn muoce ssoecm sec coanns, a ssuocr aosv a “e veasn”nerace eemens wneoc secons, suc as an “ oc” oonas rous a a new conenoc wn aoc secone.., usne newoc eem seecaeo reaono.. ne vrua saceoron ,eoc secons caenneescreno aus vsua caracerscsncun sze,oson, sae, an coor moae oc ssem can receve a userneracono .ornsance,e conen secon anoroaceem se--s movee “ev” secon aovee “esn” n aon,e conenoce s, wsem one se ccano rnearerane oer. caracerscs o conenocs.o ceve userneraconso aus vsuancaon o a userner r exame,e conenoc ssem can receve an conenoce. acono aus a w, ae, aoson, a coor, anor a sae o a oc secons..n, w somen casses,oce s ceocnoenn orooc m sovseemeocrooa anaoese mr soecocna oorn osu msaee ao .._ v acscueass coaraec searmsec vsr oua a c soanceensooca aan coern aeovcces se acccoenso a oer cenevces w vrua saceneraces we sameormaae sne same vrua saceave vsua caranc oeresrc csas oes,oec cso annenor soecco snsseomarance oero. eevsc neos.rnoaae mocaons maeo ssem canus cusomzee aearance o a s ese cases,e conenoc cenevcesresenner own vrua sa ne vrua saceerenoreren oc ssem urer cusomz ceneraces.n some emomens,e conennerace accorno ese aearance o conenocs wn a vrua sace reoso user accouneavor.ornsance,e conenoc ssem canneraconns coen.e.n, saorces,s voerws,o ccc ses,c scornoss, mao rececaveons, reerc numers oor morereuen moreromnenocaonse..,er u wn a es, or oerneraconsno ssem canrovee same con vrua sacenerace.us,e conenoc aearances or arranemen enocsore same vrua sace w eren surerusrase wnn v.rua s,aceneraces oeren cenevces. conenocs, suc as a con e conenoc ssem eneraes anroves soc “eo.”s meneonoc , a communcaonreaoc“oes”, an aas reaoc aneassonce, ae conenoc ssem rovese communcaon w an exerna acaono s naveocsao no reure an acaonneraon e conenoc ss acaeresenaon o, anorneracon w,a conen. oc aneassemo canurerroveocenersore communcaonrea e vrua sa co a cenevces w accessoe vrua sace corresonno n some ccenerace or vewnneracn we communcaonreaass. caenar aases,caeon conoeneermocne s ansemresen caans ascc wess anarecausar asocca,o ansnnecraaonor a caenar acaone..,or cas e e o es wereeassocs non-nave. acaonnreer conenoc ,e conenoc ssem canen oreermne an ero aonor an exerna acaon, suc asrooxaer.ase onneran sseoxaer acaonor a suse ounconsrome acaon,e conenoc sourcmeenroervnese a vosu aazoacone on ae cron oene ceomne“nuoecomen.ssa seorw”n r,eeere rneceerence a .._ cocncoernnem,noc aucceosm maonreeex co annenormoacesa,n aere c vonsene wocn sseem coneneneoc . roves aoc summarzaon eemen oenerae aoc summ raes an . arore conenoc ,e conneeen,onc re sssonesmeo ae unseerranese aracoocn s sueecneoc summarzaon eemen .n some cases,e conenoc ssem mrmarorsa wne conenoc on uoneermnnae conenoc o cveseoc summarzaon eemen reerence coneneme.., ac annoresene enre conens oe ssem can uae o cornosmensons anoson.nee,e conenoc emenso r mo aoc summarorenerae a newoc summarase on conenocns o a conenoc, ausneen oeoc summaroe sze oe ne.., were smaerocsave sorer summaresanarerocs. roves a sec onoen o srum mmoraerz eamoon ememenens,e co annenor a socace s susmemmarza aonsoor aernave a userneracon seecne secon summarzao eemen.ase on canenerae a secon summarrom m n eemen ,e conenoc ssem secon.ornsance,e con ue conenocsncue wne “esn”oc wc oe conenoc enoc ssem canrove a seecon menuorncan ase on seec s wneoc secononcue asar o a mu-oc summar. oc n a se o conenocs,e conenoc ssem canusenerae a mu- conen sumomcar ssaem concs ceaneensecrraees a meu co-neonc o sumem maurne ceonoremn oo ac ssa.cmar,e summarzeoc secons anor conenocs o a vrua s e summaro conenoc acease on seecon o secc summarzaos oneo nneen uraceu ae. mu-oc summar,e conenoc ssem can uze aocn ra newore.., aareanuae moe or a vson-anuae moe.or cosnaennce,oce csonneon a sonce sasaemnu coarn a exorcac s aunmm caormzanoen neeura nae conenrom mue e conenoc ssem eneraes or exracse wor.n some cases, conenocs an comnese.., c aure vecorsrom eac oenvua eaure vecore.., usn an encoonecraeanaeers o orr s aunms encoeerea nueruera vec noerwsonro o a mue-oocc .._ s suummmmaarrzzaaoonn n neeuurraa n neewwoorr.ocecnoerrane a m,e conenoc ssem can uzeeoc vecor.ne case o a sn u-oc summarrome mu-oceaure vecor eoc summar,e conenoc ssem can exrac aeaure vecor.rom a sne conenoc aneneraeeoc summarrome sneoceaure conenocsuasse m oenn ao sneee,coen c ooneenococ su smsmem canenerae aoc summaror a an exame o mone vrua sacenearzaon eemen .. usraes accorance w one or more emom race osa aoc summarn moes or uaese conenens.susraen.,e conenoc ssem nee,e conenoc ssem oecne oeneraee moe conenoc . reseneoc summarnace oe craese moe conenoc oec or .s sown,e moe conenoconeneemnaece wne conenoc ue conens oe conenoc . cs a “ueummar”a concse sums caneneraes maesnonses a anovoer, cnom cemruanncaesocnrere eamsoomnecnus,e we connenoc ssem arcuar,e conenoc ssem can mo a conen conenocs.n enerneo a sourceeneror a conen oco no onncue aoc aass anor a communcaonrea em,uourerneocenero .- usrae an exameowc caneresene asar oe conenoc. anorassss c aumenaon menuor an communcaonreas susor a conenocn accorance w one or more emomens. saceneraceaeornsa. on, a cee cnoneenvceoc s.senmarcuenaerr,aees a cnonernovoecs a s vsruema aumeennearaoens meenu vrua. snaceee,n weracneeoco anucmueen aa coonn menenuoc,e co annen aoc ssem canrove seecae oons or eemensor aumenne oc anorerormn oer acons.or exame,e coneno conenoc seecae oonso a aass“ o-os”, suscr c ssem canrove “uscreo messener”, a a co eo aarcuar exerna acaon conenoc .ase on recevmnmu anncnaocnaornea o a“ usernoenrvaecrsoano sne”e,c anno arn oeeoenoe .._ aoc aasso onrc au ceommeuanscason orea,e conenoc ssem can mo e conen nee, a re communcaonrea. oc oncuse au csraen.,e conenoc ssem moese conen eaorae,as onenem ano asoncue a communcaonrea .o coonenoce on, a ues ceornneneracoocn s sesecne oono a a communcaonreaoe c em moese conenoc oncuee omcmuncaoonncreuaeo.ne s coomnee cnasese,me con reenereoncce ssem a sourc meoenesere conen communcaonrea reerence areaener.e coneno ane ewse a aassoe conenoc as we.us,e conenoc ssem can no on manae communcaonreas anasss as n c ssem can sace,u aso as comonens or su ave conenocs wn a vrua n ceranescre emo-moecnss, o ceon coenocs as we. unconor searcn coneno nenoc ssem canrove a searc ssem can cs anor oer conenems.narcuar,e conenoc a nex conenocs an conenemso eme wn conenocs asar on verruacae sna acceconrearnaccee w. on.e or muosrera emes aon emxame searc oon asar o a vrua sace orssau osnra ae cennev.ce,e c.onnenaroccen ua ss. r,seem conenrovoces s as vermua sacrenerace vrua sacenerace oncue a searc eemenor an a ovese ase on a userneracon seecn an oo new conenoc.nee, canr,ove a searc o no a a new conenoc,e conenoc ssem s sown onor searcn conenemso eme wne new conenoc. aese con oenn receocvn ss aem searcrouverese.e., se “arcu ee”em,ene w conenn aoocc se scsoenm. anenoeus caoensene seemarsce r.e.s,uaseroc ws or oeenr coene cnoneemnsa corresonoe searcuer a conenemrome searc re ems.n resonseo a seecon o enerono aocesus ,e conenoc ssem eneraes a source serverocaonore seecen coneern o aem co.nenn aoco,n, weere coneen sourcoec sensemerncuarese ar .._ eeermocnes aeooc reneer ane c aocnceesnsese amn a wcnaoen cnoneraone.., a conen renererase on conenocn sso.mne eeme,oem ceonns,ene coocne snseomc ss caeemnoc nrovu. er aero ecna ses searcnrou e vrua sacenerace aarrom a searcunco earcuncon wn a new conenoc anor wn a sace su nor a conenemoncue wn ssem canen coneno mmarnerace.or exame,e conenoc conenoc s csa corresono a searcuer.n some cases,e mue vrua sseamces ass soecaracees wro au use ar s acncoeun vrouae snace c aossnocae w a user accoun or conenoc ssem canen conenocsa corr enocs.ccorn,e accessoe conenocsrome sear esono auer an canrove s menone aove,n some ecm reosumse ons,eeoc searc. e a conenoco a vrua meen.narcu conenoc ssem cann or a conenoc, aoc secon ar,e conenoc ssem can assocae veo ca or , anor an enre vrua sace w a vrua meen suc as a conenoc a,n a auoco ca sec.on,. or a vursuraae ssa acne exoam a veru varu maee saceneraceor assocan a more emo nn accorance w one or sacenerasme ceunssr.aeornsa. o,e conenoc ssem eneraes anroves a vrua e conenoc ssem cann a cenevce . ne vrua sacenerace , assocaee “roec rove a meen assocaon oon as seecaeo canrov ” vrua sace w a vrua meen.mar,e conenoc ssem a v e a meen assocaon oon or assocane “esn”oc secon w conreuna moece wn an a vorru caan mreoevne. a maeseen on a as usosecranoenra ocoonn s or assocane “eo” oon,e conenoc ssem canrove oo eecne meen assocaonoe vrua nsorenn a vrua meenoe canenaes s reac ae oen. a a sssocane vrua sace w a vrua meen,e conenoc ssemnerace.n seecae oonoronne vrua meen wne vrua sace ae vrua meeomne csas wes,ne c aonreensoocu sraseomn om suerarcoemseeonnn on.onn uoense oere ocner .._ c caosnese,neo ccon wenosc ow snseomceneneerra anesoecon oe.onasen oneoermo oc a vreua meen meen,e conenoc ssem canen an acaonneraon o a vrua vrua meen acaononerae vrua meenunc or a corresonn n some emomens,e conenoc ssemon csanoe conenoc. sace sucae conenoc ssem roves ne a vrua meeno a vrua or a suse oe conenocsa are e conenocs wne vrua sace vrua meen.o eaorae reevanoe vrua meenase oneecne meen an canen c,e conenoc ssem caneecnaon o a vrua ornsan onenocsancuea conen reevanoe vrua meen. meenec.e.,,aese con onen a meoecn sseem anor carnomerearnmscnre as oorcev asosuosc maeee w e vrua we vrua meens a recurrn meen.nee,e con nsne cases recurrence o a vrua meen an canrov enoc ssem caneec or exame,e conenoc e conenocsore vrua meenorsa. ocs an can c ssem canurereermneocs assocae w conen eermnnsanocemsaereweeen coonce vnecoroscn ao veccsor w saceeo vreuna m ceoennenooccs we..,n a asreos suorac sem onar ree ovane c vonruean meoecnsoro cacn. renar sroame cases,e conenoc ssem can e reevanocs aove oer con nee vrua sacenerace oace secc coneonnoceseo ane vs,ruae m coenen eennoc .oocs. r e sxasmeme,e c coannene ao seccoc secon or a a user seecon oe meen assocaon oon c ssem can receve vrua meen.us,ase oneecnae v oee “esn”oc secon w a ssem canroveeoc secon rua meensanace,e conenoc mar,e conenoc ssem canorsa wne vrua sacenerace . on seecon oe meen as ee “eo” conenoco a vrua meenase rovee conenocorsocaon oon .e conenoc ssem canus vrua meen.n some e sa wne vrua sacenerace uoneecne ocs w a vrua meemnoem.e.,n ws,oeu co unseenrnoercac sosne wm a c manee aunom aassoccaaone c oonoenn .._ varseua o mneesorca user accouneavor we conenocsurnrevousnsances oe caracerscsn s a. susco asu csoraore asson.,e conenoc ssem can mo vsua or exa cae w conenocs,oc secons, anor vrua saces. or a smane, ore s coomneen oeroces ssnem assoca caen wrovee a “ coeosrna”eeoc secoorn seecn a coor conenoc ssem canrove a cooraeeor cann coo .mar,e ocs anore rs onvua conen sur eenrreu vsrrua sace. nocaonsase oneecaen cnane.so, coen ceonnenocso.co srs exeamme, cane coenneernae aonc srosve canrovee nocaon ase oneecna a coaoran user acc em coaoran cenevceas moe a conenoce.., “oor oun or a e”.ccorn,e conenoc ssem canrove cus aneromueo eren vrua saceneracesoreren use omze nocaons wn same vrua r accounsevenor user accouns accessne can uze as s maec cne o aoon nn rees n aec eoravvee o,nne s cv oecreasn.escre emomens,e conenoc ssem annerac rncororanunconsrom exerna acaonso vewneraons wa cnocnuene aocsc.anonarunccuaorn,seo cro vneewnno acn ssneemracn ca wnns caon acaon emen conenems assocae w exerna acaons.. u enocs acaonneraonneracen accorance w o sraes an exame susraen.,e conenonce o sr msoerme emoemneerns. acaonneraonnerace orsa on a cenev aes anroves anneraonnerace,e conenoc ssem rovesce . ne acaonneraon eemen ,eneraon eem neraon eemens, suc asensance,e conenoc ssem enen , aneneraon eemen .or anneraon mareaceo es acaonneraonsa are avaae wn s sown,enerrnsaaon orneraon w a vrua saceaorm. acaon w a v aon eemen s seecaeoneraeuncons o arooxoneraeunconrsua o s aa ccaeenaaror am.cna aon won, ae vnreuara sonac eeemaenorm.su sreeecr,aee .._ wner aa vonru eaem senaceaso srmee.cane soomen ceasrease,unec coonnsen o aorcoec ss manaemen acaon acaonneraonnerace wneraon eemensa cemorreouaese reerence oces o one or more conenocs assoca sonoor are or mue vrua saces o a user accoun. e w aarcuar vrua sace ouaese acaonneraonneracen oer cases,e conenoc ssem ase on recevn a seecononsa w or a avaae acaonneraons. conenoc ssem can enaee corre connec an acaonneraon,e ocs ooceseoe acaonsnoennunconsanor oeraa wn conen can uze a caenar acaonne raon.or exame,e conenoc ssem an sceunu raononcororae caenar evens o a user accoun sacenerancons oe caenar acaonrec wn a conenoc o a vrua canncororcaee.aae awnse,unocr coonnsenromo ecxser ona o aercaoconsneso,ee c coonneennoocc ss ussenm acaonneraons.n some cases,e conenoc ssem cannsa a eneraonsor mue user accounsor mue cenevcesn coao caon sne reuesrom an amnsraor accounevce o av raonase on a mue accounsevces.us,e coneno en vrua sace accesse e accessoe vrua saceo vew anne c ssem enaes a cenevces w s menone aove,n ceran ermaco wmee conenocsne same wa. or uzeermssons assocae w exe ns,e conenoc ssem can mo narcuar,e conenoc s rna acaonsoenervees o conenocs. acaonso conenocs, a sem can a ermsson sensrom exerna o exerna acaonsanore conenoc ssem can mo ermsson sens examrceen acacram se onermsson caneso conenocs.. usraes an sou or mon or uznermsson sens assocae w an exerna conen soruasncraee wn one o.r m,oree e cmonomens. sa on a cenevce .ore seecncaoc, ssem roves a sare oon or sare oon oncue accounenersoe conenoc ssem eneraese w a vrua sace.n aono r an or removn user accouns assocae canurer se accoun-secc a senns anor v reemwovnne ursmers ascocnosu,n es,ne coenrmenssooncs, o sr osemer .._ eve csa oneermnessoernmosrsonner saecnns w on a co mnoerneraoncusa.n some cases,e conenoc ssem accouns can access anorn reve, suc aseermnn wc user sace. erac warcuar conenocs oroc secons wn a vrua romn seo emxee ernmao conmeenns s,ourece coneno aoc vr suase smace o cra an c aoneneocer.msoso ena seoran ase oneecna a conenoc uzes an acaonneraonor aarc e, acaon,e conenoc ssem can accesse exerna uar exerna ermsson sens or a conenemncororae w acaonoeermnee e conenoc ssem can a eermsson senne conenoc.ccorn,o a conenoc wn a vrua saceo aow anos se an exerna acaon conenoc, suc as vews, moc rreven varousneracons we sens canene accoun-secaconesr,m ssasreosn,s oror o useerr a acccoounns.s wnee ac,cesesoer am vsson sace a a conen-oceve, a aoc-seconeve, anor a a vr rua cases weree conenocoes no use an ua-saceeve.venor caneermneeermsson se acaonneraon,e conenoc ssem serverocaonosn a ns rome exerna conen source e.., a n one or more c eomneonmeemns,reseene wne conenoc. sens ase onneracons wn conenoc ssem can mo eermssonneracon we sar a vrua sacenerace.or exame,ase on annerac e oon o a or remove a user accounanoro cane secc conenonoc se snsesmn re caano unoa ae coeneenrmsoscon, s aenocs sec.on,n a anoro an, vreu caon seace,e ssem canrove orroaaee uaeoeermsson sens o canusoc exerna conen source e.., a serverocaon or an exer eeoeermsson sens .us,e conenoc ssenma a ccaono a e uae sens ore exerna conen source romneraan mo eermssonnerace. cons wn a vrua sace eneraes ans mreonvonees a a soavcee, sun ceranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem seccass.narcuar,e cmonmeanrnoecra scesemasa coarnee onre crauseo amzrse s onac aen s aucmcomuanr- .._ snaecrea scuemmaarncnueresac ceoneann ucuaeess c roeneevano ars user accoun an canenerae a secon usraes aen examee n uaes reevano a secon user accoun.. eren us con oeren sace summarneracesorerenevcesor sr acucsouranesn accorance w one or more emomens. summarnera n.,e conenoc ssem eneraes anroves a sace eneraese sacce orsa on a cenevce .nee,e conenoc ssem uc uaese summarnerace o summarze mue vrua sacesrovn oc ssem on r ceaenvaenne croaneenen s aaceu sumorm aacrcesnsneracee muoen vcruuae s noacecs.aoe conen saces, anor conenocs reevano a user accoun o ns, vrua e conenoc ssem eermnes reevan co e cenevce .or exame, accoounase onsorcaea nenocs anor vrua sacesore user an vore.., vews, ccs, mocaons, scros, sares, reces, urrneerra ccusoonmzmeesse w sacee su cmonmeanrnocersa acneor vrounac suaec ceos.nene coonenoc ssem vrua saces anor nocaons o conen uaes wn co csromeren eavor. nenocsase onesorca sace summsarurneerracuesraeonrs.a, one a c coneenoc ssem eneraes anroves a oc ssem eneraese sace summanevce .ore secca,e conen vrua saces reevano a use rnerace oncue conenocs anor oc ssem eerm r accoun oe cenevce .nee, as sown,e conen evce neseren conenocs as reevanoe user accoun oe cen cone anose reevanoe user accoun oe cenevce .ccorn,e ocnsorococ ss seecmons aenne nraoescaeo snasc,e ev seunmmorar usenr aecrcaocuens wo ancueeren conen saces.ornsance,e conenoc ssem ca ccessoe same vrua vrua sace wne sace summarnera nrove ars conenocrom a rome same vrua sace wne sce an canrove a secon conenocneraconsncan conenoc ace summarnerace ase onsorca eneraeoc summaresor mu- reoecvan scuem.mnar soemse or ca sseasc,e seum comnaernesoocn scsueme w cnan a .._ soacces s.ummarnerace, wereeoc summares are accoun-seccore reevan conen ssems an me.o-s,oreen ceorraresnonnex, ane examesrove a numer oeren emomen an manann vrua sacesn accorance w one or more owcars cos.mnrs an acons soeseno are meono,mor aecmcoemnasonsn ca an aarsocuear reesscur.enerms o . usraes an exame seres o acsoreneranoc s or exame, o a vrua saceneracen accoranc ummaresrom conenocs e. usraes aec ws ac ocnoer orn moroe e cmeraonmens. memenaons ma om, ao, reorer, a memenaons, aernave acs o . caneerorme asar on a mor mo an oe acs sownn..e reaae meum can comr eo.ernave, a non-ransor comuer a comunevceoerormsenes aruccs oons,a. w.enn s execuureerm onee omre mnoareonros,ce assors, cause erorme ssem can vrua saces acs nu o ersaracee. .n. or exa.m,e,ee se arces o ac casnn mancue an ac eneran a evce, a vrua sacenerace c voveeneran,orsa on a cen werene co omrsn a conenoc an aoc summarzaon eemen, a conenne.en., a coocnen comemrseoss ae m ao a searveer suoc-awonno.wso arsor seseonwnn, aen ser mon canncue an ac o recevn a userneracon seecn a es o acs eemen.or exame,e ac cannvove recevn oc summarzaon seecneoc summarzaon eeme anncaon o a userneracon o acs canncue an n wne vrua sacenerace.urer,e seres exeamme,e ac ca ac oeneran aoc summaror a conenoc.or e nnvove,ase one userneracon seecneoc summarzaon aen c,oneennerae.n.,, ues cnon aenocem su ommaer czoanoenn neuorca nee.w.,or, aa coc summarrome e conenocrom onen emee wn n some em ao serverocaon. summar uzn mens,e seres o acs ncues an ac oeneraneoc nese or oer em aoarmeenasn,uae see mroese oo ac susmmarzencuees ana a ccon oenr ooven coneen conoecn. .._ cooncenorocsarom w ann exeern var suearv seracoecanoern.aceuroerre,sene sea conen emeenoe o mone conenoco reaceresen eres o acs canncue an ac exerna serverocaon weoc su aon oea conen emeerome seecneoc su mmareneraen resonseoe userneracon mu-ocn s ounmem oarr mmom rroear m emzaoon am e cee onm nse e,n. ne o se aresur oa acs ncues an ac oeneran a vrua sacenerace accessn an summ o conenocssae wne serverocaons.n ao arznea conen emeerom resecve oc summaror n,e seres o acs canncue an ac orovne mu- rea assonca ceera wn csasease, on coen se eenr cesen o oc ae ,cvsce. eneranncues acs oenn a communcaon rea, anrovnerea summ area summarore communcaon o acs canncue acs arorsa wne conenoc.urer,e seres assocae we cene ovcee,eremnenrann us,erornereac usoenrs a wccou cnon uenznem asoro ac user accoun macneearnn moe aoc suesonase one userner sueson rovneoc sueson as a seecae acons oe user accoun, annerace. nerace eemenorsa wne vrua sace one cenn soeme emomens,e seres o acs ncues an ac oeneran,orsa a conenvsce,a ae sa wce sunm amaruraner oace co cnomenrsnoc as unsecr-uacecou wn-snecec v summar onerace.n some cases,e seres o acs ncues an rua sace eren cenevce, an aona sace sum ac oeneran,orsa on a secc summa marnerace comrsn aeren user-accoun- wne vruar s oaceea conensae wneura o conenocsncue cusomzen saosmee o cnas uesse,ne rnera e sec rare. ceso ons a ocs a user ancues an ac oeneraneoc summar ac oeneran an aonao ccoun assocae we cenevce an an aonaoc summar cuc summarromea conen oe conenoc,e ona,e seres o acssomze canasencu one u asner acne oraceoenrsm onn a useerrenne urasecro ancsco wun. .._ c oonneen useermsneorrac a uosnesr o accouen us aesrs aocccaoe we cenevce an an ac oeneran,ase uaeso a cone un, a conen uae nocaonncan one or morenerace. n assocae w conenocssae wne vrua sace ermssonn se onne osr se mo are an em exoernmae cnons,ene so seurrcees oor acesa cnocnuees an ac oeermnn an ac o aneermsson sensrome exerna n oe conenoc an wne vrua sacenerace.ne sa conen sourceoe conenocncues acs o recevn, me or oer emomens,e seres o acs ermsso rome cenevce, anncaon o a userneracon mon one usenr sneernacso asns mocoae wneee cromnsesnon soecn wsonree v cornuean saocenerace an,ase ermsson senso an exerna conen sourceo c,rovn uae conenoc snea conen emee wne suesonnor s.omsea em womnenes, vreu seres o acs ncues an ac oeneran aoc arowser runnn on a sacenerace enn an oenrowsera wnneracono a an ae coenna ceovnceen as woce aos ane a vcr oua re sceavcenn aenrancecaromon oe a uoscer s auc oeseonne,r aann an an ac a ooansea onoce s uusmemranrerarcomono aa conee an wona conenoc an an orsa wne aona conenoc.urer,e sere ne oenrowsera recevn,rome cenevce, anncao s o acs canncue acs o e conenoc wne n o a userneracono seermsson sensor o vrua sacenerace, recevn,rome cenevce, anncaon e a vnr aua sonaace usnerernaceera,c anonaose se onermes ussoenr sneernacsoor an aona conenoc wn anerenermsson sensore c n ane aona userneracon, n some emomens,e seres oonenoc ane aona conenoc. summarorsa wne conenoc acos ncues an ac orovneoc oc.urer,e seres o acs can reaceea conen wne conen w a vrua meen an an ac o,ase onnceuece ann a rcec ourr aesnscoec oane vreu var muaee snac,ernoverance .._ a se vacreu eaem seanceonrersacean ocnuen c ceonnenevceo,c wserene sace eemens seecaeo access n ceran emomens,e seres o ac manuaeurne vrua meen. cenevce, anncaon o a use s ncues an ac o recevn,rome sacenerace an a rneracon seecn aoc sueson wne vrua oc s n ac o,n resonseoencaon oe userneracon seecneneraueeosr roenn,erennonc a cnon aenc waonnnee vraruoan s asascoecaneer wace.uereorc, sueson an canncue acs o accessn, uzne acaonnera e seres o acs exerna serverocaonncae eoc sues on,a conenrom an oc aneneraee new conenoc em onor emen wn a new conenocaonorsa wne new co enea conenrome exerna server oeneran a newo nenoc.e seres o acs can asoncue an ac rome exern c summarorea conen emee wne new conenoc ruaaceaa seroverocaon. s menrmor aonenocrowser cane one aove,n ceranescre emomens,e conenoc ssem conenneraoec asn wrov a ver au caon seance.ocnarorwcsuerar,ornee cornaennuoncco snsae o weaes wn vrua saceaorm as a werowser were eac cone m can uzee o a weae.. usraes an exame nocncues conen anuncons oc-ase werowser overveworeneran anrovn a conen- ona va a vrua sacen accorance w one or more emomens. suseuenea rearne varous acs o .sroveereaer w reerenceo enerae a vsur ruauess. sraaceeonr a co.nen,eoc conreonwsero.cn sasremcuar, canerorm an ac o canenerae a vrua sacea acs as a werow e conenoc ssem conenocs.or exame,e cone serneran weaeunconanoneraon o a werowse noc ssem canen or access an acaon n some cases,e conenr aoc scaseomnons caann,u osrenneeraraee a w vru,ae s varceuao seacaeveaoerm.nsance o a werowseror accessn anneracn w conene an anor sore wne conen manaemen ssem. ms acrossenerne .._ eme a consenureorcunsraee vruna sa.ce.,oe e coanoernae,oce c sonseenmoce srsoremms an a ccan em o a conenoc asescre aove.nee,e conenoc ssem canene e ocancuesorsene aocenereo a sourceenerrae a conen weae.n some cases,e conenoc ssem canu a reerences a conenoc as a werowserocase one s rereermne aoceore n aon,e conenoc ssemourecreoener reerencn a weae. unconane conenoc.ore secca,rams an ac onerae weae ener oe conenoc reerences a we se oneermnnae source ocs a werowseroc,e con aeanorase oneermnnae conennoe conenoc.or examenoc ssem cannerae weaeuncona acaonneraonoacae we,e conenoc ssem can uze annsae uons, an searcars, as we as coeneane mounccoanso,n suucnc ason nsa,v coaneonna crenauons vunacnons, conen sarnuncons, anor oeruncons avaae on varou s, e conenoc ssem uzes annsae aca s weaes.n some cases,ncororae sucuncona wn a con onneraonor a werowsero s asousraen.,een conoc. rec enoc ssem erorms an ac onecvaeonn ou a m uosernneracocon c monoen.nn waercauaer, conee cnoneenceoc w ssnem a con can receve an exame,e conenoc ssem receves annuo mo a sre enoc.or veo, or some oer conenemrom a weaeose asee, anmae, a oc ssem recevese mocao a a serverocaon.nee,e conen ane conenoc ssem can rennenu wne conenocecne weae, surer sown,e conenroce s msocaon wne conenoc as we. mocaono a weae.o eaorae,e coem erorms an ac oroaae a mocaonoe weae.or exame,n rnenoc ssem aese conenoc conenecene conenoc,e cesonseoeecn a mocaono weae encone mocaon an c onenoc ssem canenerae comuer coe wereuone anrovee comuer coeo a we serverosne weae, us,e cone wne soecrver s esxeecmues cea cnom cauuseer a co weeoa ae serveer moocaocnaoon mooe w weeaaee. .._ ceo.n.e,n a vruaro saacaenne ara mcoe accnao ans a m caoneeno a coocnenoc wn a vrua saceneraceneracono aon aa new, coen ceonnenoc.ocor s exsaemm we e,n seorro mow ermse emsr a. on ac o receve an ssem can receve anncaon o a usern mens,e conenoc e conenoc ssem can a eracono a a new conenoc.ecca,nerace.n s a new conenoco a vrua sacean a vrua sace w ome cases,e conenoc ssem as a new conenoconerae reowsaere. cosn senow ann, wee conaeneuoncco snsaemor a canuerrener r weeeaa onee w on a conenocn.o emee new conenoc,neraee weaer more acsusrae mocaonnu, an mo e weaeore new con uncona, receve a as annsancse ous a m coenneonn-eo,ce- caosneen weocrow sssem caennenoecra.e a vrua sacenerace canenerae ar vrua er.n some cases,e conenoc ssem ocso saceneraceoncue conenocsor weaes an conen sacenre nroanc-eweaaenc couneesn ae wmes.ae. coneunsraoesc an eoxram moeanram weora aer vrua accorance w one o conenn susraer mnore em.omens. sacenerac ,e conenoc ssem eneraes anroves a vrua eneraesee vruoar ssacaen oner aa cceenev asce ar.n vraurac suaacr,enee cronaceenaocnc suseem weae conenoc orneran an a non-weae conenoc“es s a conenem oeran a weae.s sown,e conenoc ssem n”or a conenoc or a we-ase sreaseeose a a eneraese weae some cases, a weae conenoc re weae serverocaon .n conenrom a wer erso a conenocaneraesuncons anor sac owser anarovese aeuncons o conenocs wn a vrua coneen. anonvoerrseunc, aon nson-rwome aae ceorennen sourocec can reero a conenocancororaes uc accesse weaeor a cone , suc as arvae e.., a noor a manaemen ssem. nem soreor a user accoun wne conen .._ ocenoenrerae ane a we souracee coenneneroc.n,aer ccounaern,eo ccon sesem eneraes a eneraeseocener oncae orenee weae cnoc ssem eocener sransmaeoe cenevce anoonenoc , were emene weae conenoc .n aon,e c oer cenevcesor ocener oe sourceener wc reereonenoc ssem ese .nee,e conenoc ssem n ncese weae serverocaon sreasee an corresonn wea eraese a conen e..,e sreasee an n eunconae..,unconsorneracn w e e s avaneween weaesrome weae serverocaon usn uncoounrcaeen aecrcessn. ann s aomec caasoens,nee croaneonnoroc an s esem neraese weae corresonnoe werowser xerna werowser acaon vrua sace oce oe weae conenoc nsaene suarorm. neracono moereu wseraeaen conen.o,ce con.enecocca s,seme conen cano rcece svsee am user r secoewvnesn a uese wrenaueo cron enenernoc a srn. oa cseara ocnerse“ us”no ae oe sreasee canroaaee mocaon oe wea ernu,e conenoc ssem weae serverocaon .ecc e conenoc oe weaeose ae coeore mo a,e conenoc ssem canenerae comuer rove caono aerea conen .e conenoc ssem can asoocaone co umaueesr coe weeoaee w oeea ser seearvsereeoc aas soonre an.nourn,e weae serverocaon se ae weae server eonnesra mcenn exoec wnue,n ane m ceo c onomenue nor wc co e se as.eem conen ca,n sunce arsa nea ovaern weaeuncona ase on recevn anneracon wne weae eween weaes. e sreasee weae ano acc conenoc o navae awarom e weae co ess anoer weae,e conenoc ssem can uae oc ssemnen cano mco oe wseaa ae ne cwon weenaoec accorn.enoe eraanora ae, newe c soonuercne .._ eenneerro reeoreneceo ae se nrevwerocaonosne new weae an uaneoc s menone ao sourceener. eneraes a vrua sacenveer,ance ceorra an coenscerne-o ecm-oasmeen wse,ero cwonseernoc ssem conenoc ssem canenerae a vrua sace .narcuar,e conenocs, eacncororan w neraceoncue mue weae serverocaons eae conenoreren weaesose aeren ere .. usraes an examearamor emen weae conenrom emonme wneaesnoeren weae conenocsn accorance w one or moreneracess. oursrasean on a c.en,eev ccoenen.onca srscuemar eneraes a vrua sace eneraese vrua sacenerace oncue ,e conenoc ssem conenoc a, weae conen weae conenocs,ncun weae c.e conenoc ssemoc , anoncue a non-weae conenoc cosrresonn we urerncororaeseren weae conen an a aeunconaor eac oe resecve weae conenocs.nee, ocesscrane n aono-wvee,ae ceo cnonenenococ ssseom serveroecsaooncsenersore weae conen o eaorae,e conenoc ssem esosne resecve weaes. conenoc ao a sourceener reeren aocenerore weae oc ssem ncororae cnerverocaon.ccorn,e conenosa a “omeae” wesae weae conen noe weae conenoc a uncona oeom e.n aon,e conenoc ssem neraes weae ne sameea ver wuea saaeceronmerearcverocaon. ncororaese weae conen noe ,e conenoc ssem urer corresonnoceneroerverocaoe weae conenoc n ancororaese conenem n.ewse,e conenoc ssem aso ma s e.., conenems soreor a user accoun wne conenonearveemrenoc sasoenm.urneor,ee c coonneennoocc ssecm cnan an coerrreaseo wnenaeocener rom serverocaonsnoe weae conenocs an c uncona unconano non-weae conenocs. annerae oer acaon .._ cnanernaeonras s.e m n weeno arane cue a ar,uonvce, eo conn na cera ennn ooes c wc sere seame em coon caem nnens eno,ces cone a we un rozonc s asemcaonneraonancues weaeuncona orneracn w wewser acaon navaneween weaes usn conenocs.. usra ae conen an usn acaonneraonsor weae coneno es an examearamor or ar vrua sacenerace cs an non-weae conenocse.., susraen.n, acceor coanncee w one or more emomens.neraonnerace orsa on a cnoc ssem eneraes an acaon ssem eneraese acaonneenevce .narcuar,e conenocneraonso connec w, o raonnerace oncue avaae acaonneraonner rnsa wn, a vrua saceaorm.s sown,e acaon acaonneraaceons.onrc euxaems vea,roues anecraaoonn eneemreanosn conrreersaocnenon resecveneraon eemen aorneran w aroox acaon, annercues an orneran w a caenar acaon, anneraon eemen aon eemen aroec manaemen acaon, an anneraon eem corneran w rowser a en corneran w a we n scaon“onenocrowser”. or one or mooreme w eemaoem coennes,neo cconsen usocn s anse amcaonnenraeesra woen caorereunconaneraon eemen .n aon,e conenoc ssem can eme csonno or non-weae conen.ornsance,e conenoc ss onenocs conenems wne conen manaemen ssem em canneraencun corresonnoeneraon eemen a.ewse, uznneraonorocnerae a a caenarnoc uznneraone co cnenoc ssem can eemen .urer,e conenoc ssem cann orresonnoneraon emnooc uznneraon corre erae aroec manaemen conen sar o uzne acaonnseornaonnsooreeneraon eemen c. conenoc ssem can accesse con resecve conenems,e wn conenocs,nc en renerer reosor o rener conenems oc ssem can acceussn con ween raenee croenrsen cor arnes oonernoao cocnen.esn aneeor, ae cocnaeonn .._ cnoneernaoenms ass wsocane co wnen conocens asocessc.rcecorn,e conenoc ssem can rener revewsrnom ce croannen emoocmse ons a, vreu caon seance.oecre n sn. asem canenerae anroveoc enerae aocreveworro rcuar,e conenoc ssem can wouuermsso vn ame verson o a conenoco a cenevce usraes an examnseoanrearmaco wrenerea cnon aennroocven.. a, aocr-reavrew cnen accevce.. one or more emo orance wneracesoursrmaseens. an on a c.en,ee conenoc ssem eneraes a vrua sace eneraese vrua sac vce .narcuar,e conenoc ssem urerncu enerace ncun conenocs wnoc secons, an ornsance,ne c voanroeunsnoecra sces eeemmenseonrernaeersac a cnon wene vrua sacenerace . vrua sacenerace , weree conenoc ncoc oncue wne sourceener , an a conen rom aocaoues aocener an a u no coenoeaa oe conenoc n reerence sourceener conenocn some. caseos e,aeo croane,ene coocnenocur sesremen.eraesen aeraoecsrevew romeoncue a moeoc conen a smes or removes seocrevew anor varousocuncons avaae wne vr ome oea conen exame,e conenoc ssem enerae ua sacenerace .or verson oe a conen removsne socrevew oncue a moenormaon.n aon, ensvenormaon anor user-seece removn cerann e conenoc ssem eneraeseocrevew ea conenerac aveuncons oe conenoc ,ncune a o mo n some cases,nore vsua caracerscs oe conenoc . orma oreease conenoc ssem eneraeseocrevew n a saceaorm accesse ar-ar cenevce wou neen a vrua orsa nsae.e conenoc ssem can asoroveeocrevew oc ssem wn aen wereaesr aow ssaecre oreveewr-aror csena oenvceer.-ars s coewnn,evec ceonen. .._ wnn a meo saceer veevrsewon o,e ver counae snaceocn sersaecme roaveoses neoonccureev seew oonsor an conenocs orn a conenoco a vrua mee ecae conenoc ssem can asoroveeocrev n.n some cases,e summarasescre aove, or some oero ew oncue on aoc or access er-ar cenevcerm, oe moeoc conen arorae conenoc ssem caneneraee sa an noea conen .nee,e meneracv w conen o conencerevew anoreocrevew or ssems an me.o-s,oree cnoerrraesnon ann maenxo a,c as nn. a ver exuaam seasceroave a numer oeren rowser.n aonoeoreon,memenaon ormor a conenoc owcars comrsn acs sesn a me s can asoeescrenerms o . usraes an exame seres o acosorore ancecroamns ann m aanaarncu aar v rresuua. saocre exaamorme, or a coneno memenaonecro s ma.wser. om, ausora, reesor acers, accorno ceranmemenaons, aernave acs o . caneerorme asar anor mo an oe acs sownn..e reaae meum c o a meo.ernave, a non-ransor comuer a comunevceano coemrorrmsenes aruccs oons,a. w.enn s execuureerm one or morerocessors, cause erorme emenaons, a ssem can a vrua sacs acs eou o rs ar caoe. nen..,e seres o acs mancue an ac oeneran sacencun one or mnore coocnenrowsoecr.s coorm exarmsne,oec acenenrvsoveesoe snoeuran a vrua a reerence resecve weaes.n aon,e sere rceeners emen a conenocor a weae.or exam s o acs ncues an ac o e vrua sace, a conenocaner e,e ac nvoves emen, wn reerence a sourceene aes a conen anuncona o a weae ac o rece r oe conenoc.urer,e seres o acs ncues an rec vn anneracon we conenoc.or exame,e ac nvoves coneevnno acn.ncaoonna o a, useer serneesra oc aocns wen.c.u,oes m ano ace o mao connen we wenaee .._ aoccoer unseroneeraneracon.or exame,e ac nvoves mone weae accorn n somce eomn woe conenoc. oc: accessn, usnmenes s,ourec seereesn o aecrs oe cnocnuenes anoc ac, o a s eemrveerocnaone conen a conen assocae we weae anneranea conen asso osn weae wne conenoc.n aon,e seres o acs ncues acae we e vrua sace comrseseneran annsance o n ac oeneran resense one or more con a conen-oc-ase werowsera eemens m enocs arrane wne vrua sace asnvuanerace no ceraaenn em szoe anmenocsa,on wne vrua sace. ncaon oe userner e seres o acs ncues an ac o recevne conen sore a a acon we conenoc recevn anncaono mo a nc serverocaon assocae we weae. ona,e seres o acs a cues an ac o mone weae accornoe userneracon moneneracoonn wen soree co anene seorcve.roucraoenr, asseo sceraees o w acse wencaen resonseoe user e conenocaneraesuncona oe weae uees an ac o emenneraonore vrua saceaneraesuncona o a nn an acaon vrua sac werowser acaonnoe vrua sacne. e onee onre mrore emomens,e seres o acs ncues an ac oenerane e aona conenanoc an co amrosensa a conoceneonceorresoa a w sourcneee vnruear saace re, wereeren a conen assocae w an exerna acaon oeran a wero nces o acs ncues an ac o emene coneno wser.urer,e seres ener oe conenoc, a serve c: accessn, usne source an aaneuncona orocaonosn a conen assocae we weae ea conen ae serve e weaeore conenocoacaeneracn w n some emomernos,caeon se vraes oe c aocnsenocn. revewore vrua sace mon ac cues an ac oeneran a sace ocsorrovne sac cess ounconaore one or more conen vrua sace.n aon,ee serreevse ow acos cenenvccueses ex aner anca oo e am sesemn a,s wsocane we vruae .._ seac ceo,n anen aocona an coneen aoconaa conneenraeoscun acreonasa oe a cno anona weae, weren sace.urer,e seres o acs canncue a curren wne vrua assocae we conenoc ano cs oeneran a communcaonrea e conenocoeer w ar croovne communcaonreaorsa wn ener. nenrome weae reerence e source saceenn ceerarann e amnonsamnecnes o, ae c soenreesn o- aoccs-asen wceuesro awns aecr oaenreersaennsee vrua more conenocs arrane wne vrua sace asnvuan one or moae vsua caracerscs. ona,e seres erace eemens w emene conenoc: accessn, usne so o acs ncues an ac o serverocaonosn a conen ass urceener oe conenoc, a conen assocae we weae woncaee c we weae anneraneancues an ac o recevnenc onenoc.urer,e seres o acs recevn anncaono mo aon oe userneracon w e conenoc an ac o mone weaeea conen asresene wne conenoc anor reoa accornoe userneracon,ase one userneracon, waaen re a mocaon maeoea conen asresene wne conenocoe ner seonmcee emoem soeunrcse,een sereer. revewore conenoc mons o acs ncues an ac oeneran aoc eocrevewo cenevces w eeuncona oe conenocorrovn acs ncues an ac o e renermsson sens.n aon,e seres o weaeenn an amcaeonnne conenocaneraesuncona oe o a werowser aca eraonore vrua saceaneraesuncona an ac oenerane vronuan soacee vrueane sraacne. ann s aome coansaes, conee snereso oc acorssncues e vrua sace, werene aona conenoc comrses aoce a wn enera reerencesa conen sore wn a con nereo a source e comonens oe conenoc ssemen ca mnannaemen ssem. o.or exame,e comonens oe co cue soware,arware, ornsrucons sore on a comuer-reaae sornaeen meocum s ansem execua canencuroece osnsoers or o m oonree .._ onrs mruocreo cnosm oune conevences.oc sens eexmecue can c oanues oer a m coorerocessors,e comuer-execuae escreeren.ernave,e comonens oe cmunevceoerorme meos arware, suc as a secauroserocessn onenoc ssem can comrse uncons. ona or aernave, evceoerorm a ceranuncon orrou oncue a comnaon o comuer-exee comonens oe conenoc ssem can urermore,e comonenscu oaee cnosnreunconos anarware. escreeren ma,or exame,ememene asca ssem erormneuncons moue o an acaon, as au-nor acaons r o a san-aone acaon, as a as araruncon orunconsa mae ncun conen manaemen acaons, comun moe.us,e comonens oe cae oer acaons, anor as a cou- ar o a san-aone acaon on aersona conenoc ssem maememene as momens oeresenscos cuorme muan comevrces or a moeevce. enera-urose comuerncun comuerarw e or uze a secaurose or rocessors an ssem memor are, suc as,or exame, one or more scoe oeresenscos, asscussenreaereaeow.memenaons wne carrn or sorn comuer-uerxeec ausaoencnusreuconssc aan anor oaae srr cuocmuruese.r-rneaaarceu mare, onaeor more oerocessesescreeren maememene aeasnar asnsru or emoen a non-ransor comuer-reaae meum an execuae onecons comunevcese.., an oe mea conen accessevcesescr or more rocessore.., a mcrorocessor recevesns eeren.nenera, a meeusmse,s,e.n., a memo rucons,rom a non-ransor comuer-reaae roc r, ec., an execuesosensrucons,ereerormn one or more ocmuuner- ornee or more oerocessesescreeren. urose or se aae mea cane an avaae meaa cane accesse aenera execuaensrcucaonusr aorese no cno-mranuseror ss coemm.uero-mreauaer-ere saoraaee m meeaaeavc sore comuer- reaae meaa carr comuer-execuaensrucons are es.omuer- o exame, an nomaon,memenaons oescroansmsson mea.us, wa snc erenns o comuer-reaae mea: no sure can comrse aeaswo meaevces anransmsson mea. n-ransor comuer-reaae sorae .. _ ,on--ransor comuer-reaae sorae mea evcesncues , , cane memor“ , s”o, saerves“ s”e..,ase on ,as memor, ase- or oer manec s oer es o memor, oer oca s sorae, manecs sorae coe oraeevces, or an oer meum wc cane useo soreesreroram access meeans aneneeraormu oro csomuer-execuaensrucons oraa srucures an wc cane “newo e or secaurose comuer. aaewee r”sene as one or moreaansa enaeeransor o eecroncnorm n comuer ssems anor moues anor oer eecroncevces. en eeraaornwsrera,n wsreerreess, o orr a croovmena ovoenr o a naerwworre o orr a wnoreeesrs communcaons connecon roer vewse connecon as aransmsson me o a comuer,e comuer newor anoraans wc cane useo um. ransmssons mea canncue a comuer-execuaensruco carr esre roram coe meansneorm o urose or secau ns oraa srucures an wc cane accesse aenera e scoe o comurose comuer.omnaons o e aove sou asoencue w n eorm ou cromer,u uer ero-r -enea x reecaa uce an me e vnasra. rouucso conms oruear ssem comonens,roram coe meansn romransmsson meao non a srucures caneranserre auomaca versa.or exame, comuer-e-xeracnusaoren csomrucuoenr-sre oaraaae s sruocraurees m reeceavee ovvceesor vce oraan caneueren w n a newornerace mouee.., a “ ”r a, newor evenua ranserreo comuer ssem anoroess voae comuer an en evces a a comuer ssem. us, sou e unersoo a non-ra sorae mea reaae sorae meaevces canencuen comuer sse nsor comuer- evenrmar m comonensa asoor om uuerz-eexransmsson mea. wen e ecuaensrucons comrse,or exame,nsrucons an aa wc, secaxeucruoesero acesrsocnessoerv, ccaeusoe aereonremra a- cuerraonseu conmcouner, secaurose comuer, ormemenaons, comuer-execuaensruc orrou ouncons.n someourneenera-uros ons are execue on aenera-urose comuer escosure. e comuee cro emxeucueraneon as srueccaonsu mraosee c,omor euxaemrme,emneanrens,n eeemrmeensa oe .._ oarsmaeennserusccrones snucan asu aasseem secacnoua sreu,c orur eavenea souurrce coe. oue suec maer e unersooae suec maerenene aenes anor meoooca acs,so eescreeaures or acsescre aove. e camss no necessarmeo as exameorms omeme aer,eescreeaures an acs arescose comun enovsero snmeensn wen m arn an we a ca esrm oecs. caomeuaer sesesmco cosunre muraaones,ranccen newor comuers,eso comuers,ao comuers, messaer cun,ersona murocessor ssems, mcrorocess ocessors,an-eevces, s, mncom or-ase orrorammae consumer eecroncs, newor swces, anueers,e. maneramsceo csoumre muaers, a msooeeraececeonens,srsu,ea sesse,ma enevrsr, rouers, wereoca an remoe comuer ssems, wc areneeer arw onmens wreessaans, or a comnaon oarwre an wreessaans reaans, oerormass.n asrue ssem envronmen,roram rou a newor,oca an remo moues maeocaeno meem meenmaor soraeevces. envron ons oeresenscosure can asoememenen cou comun emmens.nsescron, “cou comun”sene as a moeor enan on- comanun new caonr aec ecmessoo ae sanreeo moar oe conaceuroa oee crom uuunou rses aonurc ceos.nor exame, cou accessoe sareoo o conurae comun resour venen on-eman comun resources cane ra rovson ces.e sareoo o conurae manaemen eor or servcerove e va vruazaon an reease wow cou-comun moer cnaneraec coonm, anoseen scae accorn. exame, on-eman se-serv o varous caracerscs suc as,or measure s ce,roa newor access, resourceoon, ra easc, suc as,oerrv excea,m ane, sooorwa.re c asou a-ceormvcuen“ maao”e, cana aosorm ex asose varous servce moes, nrasrucure as aervce“aa”. cou-comun aervce“aa”, an ereneomen moes suc asrvae cou, comm moe can asoeeoe usn an soor.nsescron anne cams, au “nco cou,uc cou,r cou, envronmenn wc cou comuns emoe. u-comun envronmen”s an .._ servers a.norues craeens aevoccesaa-ramn o exaem maare c coonmuurneoevecreorm onee o.r.,e oerocessesescre aove.ne w arecaea servers more a-n ma comrse one or more comunevc anore cenevces sown ., comunevce can comrses suc as comunevce .s evce , nerace , an communerocessor , memor , sorae communcave coue wa o communcacaonnerace , wc mae comunevce s sownn.,e coonnrasrucure . e an exemaroemn. ona or aernave comonensusraen. are nonene urermore,n ceran monens mae usen oermemenaons. ano memenaons, comunevce canncueewer comonens eescrsee sownn..omonens o comunevce sownn. w nownsruconsnn , suca ar acsuoanra osemea maem. nen uao ans c,omrouceerssorr ncuesarwareor execun maon,o execuensrucons, oram.s an exame an no wa onerna res rocessor ma rereveorecensruconsrom an em.narecru, aanrmnerenmae cnacaeo,n ms,emroocressor, or s moaranecuevece on anecoe an execue aa,nsrucons, or aresses. e or morenerna cacesorncue one or mo s an exame an no wa omaon,rocessor maooaseuersrenss.rucnsornuc caconess,n onee onrs mruocreona caac caeces, an one or moreransaon memor s mae coes onsruconsn em oorr sorae mevace . eroces e useor sornaa, meaaa, anroramsor execuon suc assaonrosm.cecmesosremor ma“ncu”e, oneea or mnore oe vmooare“ an no”n-,v ao saoe m semores, “”,as,aseaneemor“”, or oeres oaa sorae.emoaes maenerna orsrue memor r an no woara oeemvcaeon, sonracue.s soraeor sornaa ornsrucons.s an exame escre ao eevce can comrse a non-ransor sorae meum as memorv,e a.n ooracaeesvc,c ae mane moa-onccuae asc,a mransecrvaee, or a, anvoersaesrarvues, .._ removarev oer o nron a-r ceommovanaeonor oxewo m ore mao,r we oere aeser.oraoera.eorevce mancuenerna or exernao comunevce .narcuarmemaeevce maes non-voae, so-sae memor.n oerm enaons, soraeevce on memor . ere aroraeemenaons,oraeevce ncues rea- rorammae , erasae,s ma, eee mcrascaro erraasmame , es,e e.ecrca aerae , oras mem e more o or or a comnaon owo orranseraaon anera rceecevea aaowrosm a u csoemrounroveevcneuo,. receven oeuracurom, an oerwse mouse, aea or aeoar, aouc screen, a camera e mancue a moem, oernown evces , an oca scanner, newornerace,ncue one or more or a comnaon o suc neraces. nerace ma enne, asae..e,v acessoar srecsreeennn, o onue oru moor ae u osuer,uncruvenrs,e.u. n,osmaero, aracs more auo seaers, an one or more auorvers vers, one or s conureoroveracaaao a.n ceranmemenaons, nerace aa mae reresenave o on saorresenaono a user.eraca conen as m e or moreraca userneraces anor an oerraca communcaoa omnm se nurvne erc a aaceoanrcnuearracmeemen caanonnc.uearware, soware, oro.n an even, exame,ace-ase commu cnancaroonvee owneee onr m coomreunenraceevscoer comm aunnc oaneo onsuc as,or comunevces or newors.s an exame an no wa om r more oernerace mancue a newornerace conro aon, communcaon communcan w anerne or oer wre-ase er or newor aaeror wreess aaeror communcan w a wree newor or a wreess or ona or aernave, comsmsu nnecwaoron, sucne arsa a-. communcaons w an aoc newor, aersona area n ce maacae , a we area newor , a merooan areewor , aoca area newor oenerne or a comnaon owo a newor , or one or moreorons ese newors mae wre or wree osrs. mores o an exeasem.en,e co omr mmournecaorononsn oer oancee or mor mea o .._ acae exame, c , a aomm o-unc a naeo swn emosr w o,r a a w o-reess eomm neunwcoaro,n as cesuuacr a nees, weor oro enx ,eam or n oewe, eo a rr susuc as,or newor or a comn ae wreess communcaonornoaa oco,on s c.omemre xauo mn.caeso on cnomermaucnecaon mraoocaocsaae m coammeun usceaonncsu vaer,ous are nomeo,aaransmsson mea, communcaonsevce u rooco“”,nernerooco“”,erans s,ransmssononro ranserrooco“ ”,erexrans errooco“”,ene,erex rooco“”,meecccesserroocoecure“ ”,essonnaon “” an varaonsereo,merooco“ ”,xensear-uanuae rooco“”,seraara aranserrooco“ ”,ea-meransor “”ecnooes,oemrooco“”,oasemoroeommuncaons ueccess“ ”ecvnosoonueccess“ ”ecnooes,mevson ervce“ ”, raoreu es,oressaeervce“”,umeaessaeecnooes, wree enc“” snanecnooes,onermvouon“”ecnooes, an oesrs su coammeu cnomcamuonncaeconnso neoweosr,s ann-anecn aonoe osu.-o-an snan coues comomonmeunnsc oa coonmnuransrucevurcee moa eacn ocuere.asr awna erxea,m soware, oroa maon, communcaonnrasrucure mancue a e an no wa o or oerracsus, annancenusranar ncceeraeracsor , a nerconnec, annrcusrecuraenar us, aron-seus an nerconnec, aow-n-coun us, a memorrcecure us, rcecure us, aereraomonennerconn us, acroanne us, a sera avanceecnoo aacmen eucs, us, a-xresse ssocaonoca us, or anoer suaeu aeoecroncsanars .s a scemacaramusrans o enrv ar coonmmnaonereo.memenaons oe conenoc ssem can en wn wc one or more oc ssem maear o a conen m ememene.or exame,e conen ssem.onen manaemen ssemanaem mean sesneermae, soree,. m.,anae ceo,n reecne mvea,n aanem seenn .._ maa sen con anen rescuecve asa caon coenneno anemsro.m core enxamevcee,s conen m wanaemen ssem arcuar, conen manaemen ssem can sore a a o newor .n onen manaemen ssem can ma n manae a coecon o a conen. evces ass uocae w aur naee sarn o a coneneween comun acae a a o users.ornsance, conen manaemen ssem can nsera sracrunar, a conean co mnanenae wmen an soseerm user o c coannen ma mnaanea semnecnro snsem . conen across mue cenevces assocae w one or mor zn a ma e a conen usn cenevce.e c e users.or exame, a user cenevce o sene ee a co onen manaemen ssem can cause manaemen ssem en sn neno conen manaemen ssem.onen comunevces cronzese ee a conen on one or more aonamemenano a. ns oo cnonoen s mncanraonemzenn sseam conen can acrroosvs meu an eeceenvces, one or more usersaaveare coecons o a conen.or exa sorae oonor can sore a coecon o a conen me, conen manaemen ssem evce on sores reuce on conen manaemen ssem , wee cen rowsee r -sze versons oea conen. user can navae an ce euce-sze versonse.., aumna o aamae oea conen on rownseevec reeuce.-sznea vrercsuoanrs, o one weana w concen a o unse cr ceann eexverencea conenso verson onoaer c wonaenn wo recu aes usere caun e-x orerenc-eresouao cnon veenceso se.ec a reuce-sze conen manaemen ssem .narcuar, u rson o a conenrom a conen, cenevc on a user seecn a reuce-sze verson o e a cone e sens a reueso conen manaemen ssem reuesn mana n assocae w e reuce-sze verson oe a conen.onen .emeenn sesvecme , c uano rnes reocnevone reeuesa co snenenn, caneenare csoenneneo cean coenveceoe user.ns wa, a user canave accessoare coecons o n mnmzne amoun o resources use on cenevce . a conen we .._ ersona ean assevsacne m,a anen- a ore osu-oo- ccoamr nauver,a aoan sos comuer, aae comuer, a one or oer ceuar or moeone, o em, aaneevce, a smar suae comunevc r a moeamnevce, oer moeevce, or oer as a werowsere..,es.croseonevnceowsn mearne execxueo orneer, or mozorea cerne aocaons, suc ooerome,era, ec. or a nave or seca-uros x, eaar, orone ora,rooxaerornro e cen acaone..,rooxaer . , ec.,o access an vew conen over newor a c ewor ma reresen a newor or coecon o neworssuc asenerne, areoar noeraweornrane, a v,r aua ceruvaare n neewwoorr, a we, a areoaca n area newor , a wreessoca newor , or a comnaon owo or mo ewor , a merooan area ma access conen ma re suc newors over wc cenevceso seccn exeemoraeronnae m sm emeecn s encaase oom nns,e. ereresenscosureaseenescre w reerence resenscosures ar o.arousmemenaons an asecs oe accoman eescre w reerenceoeasscusseeren, ane rawns arenursarwanves ouserasecoseur vea arnous arem noemoenea coonnss.rue aeescron aove an umerous secceas areescreorove a smnescosure.memenaons oeresenscosu orou unersann o varous s sr or esesernesaen casrcacoseurrse mcsa.ere e e.mesocreenm oeerm seencaconorms wouearnrom resecs on asusrave an no resrc s areoe conseren a eerorme wess or ve.or exame,e meosescreeren ma ona,e sesac msoeresc sreesacesre onr mea sees raecesa mea oreereroormrmeennaraeren w or oers. anoer ornarae w erennsances oe same or smar se ne resen acaons,ereore,ncae e aene sacs.e scoe oe escron. canesa come wne mean cams raeran eoreonoe emrace wner scoe. n an rane o euvaenc oe cams are .._ memenaoensoreeroeon. saercouscamonesescre w reerenceo secc exemar w reerenceoeasscusseerenm, aennaoen asc acnom asecs oescosure areescrememenaons.eescron aove anrawns areanusnravreaw ann asre nusraee varous asmn.eumerous secceas ar ooe consrue varousm eescreorove aorou unersann o wouearem aena nrooo mnnas. s o sr aernavememenaons mae emoen oer seccorms e conseren a resecs orn or a essseunsraa caracerscs.eescrememenaons areo ereore,ncae e aene cams rvae aenr naon resrecovree.one sceose oenvenons, a come wne meann an rane o e cron. canes er scoe. uvaenc oe cams areoe emrace wn

Claims

.._ as c.ame eenneerraan ms: n, ae r sooo murc ceom e soenrsn urceer: enncaer,n a m a suervoecraocoanon sorn a conenem em sore ae server aaaoc reerencne conen emeae wn muocea vornu oa seac seosur ccoencuernrener, werene muocaonaaaocs eermnn,ore muocaonaa usn a sneocenerncan eren vsua c aoc, aura ooc conuraons resecve aracerscsorsane muocaonaaaoc wn a conene ren vrua nern s er,a cooc mres ae an meu woc vasounaaznaaeo mcu anocaromona a reaoasoor o conen renerers, conuraonrom amoneura oo c accorno aoc eneran. aaae ee mmeenoa oe csame se,rv wc ereore c canon onenu sera orrao nnns. ee con soeunrceemeno meur coocmarosnes aaocsancueoceners wc reerencee sou a . e meo o cam, wereneneranrcee meunoer. cocmrseseneran aaa eemen so caonaaaocn ren a sne serverocaon, wereneaa eemen eonroerraes aeas aoron oe conenem ne sneoceneroe source comrse.. seermen mne vosua o c caaramce,r wscesre seneermenrenn ceenuervaces oororc conuraons vsua reresenaons oe muocao esenneren . e meo o c naaaoc wne resecve vrua saces. vsuazne muocaonaaamao,c w ceoremnrseensennne c aonn aen recnaeorer comae w assocae w aoce oe muocaonaa nneraonas e reos.or o ceo mneeno ren oe crearsm, reucrevern co,mrormsa ano ceec ne.rmevncne,nec caonoenns roern aereurrsa w on

.._ arorcaammonnnenrearaocnessoncororae wn a vrua saceaorm usn resecve acaon aaoc.ase na me. veoo a o v crauma s,aucreear coomrmr ansnaenneran an aona muocaona assocae w a corresonn s cues aoceneras no . ssem co ourceener. aeas onerocessmrsn: e a a neoans- orannesroorces csomoru aner reaae meum comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue enerae a sooru,r ccaeuseene sersenmco: enerae,ro an a serverocaon sorn a conenem conenem sorem ae soeur sceerveernocear,o an m ouocea soonuarceaaenoc reerencne muocaonaaaocs emeae wn mue vr er, werene a sneoce ua saces concurren usn eermnener ncaneren,o vrsuae m cuaracoecarsoncas seaaocer,e an cureane ovcesoc conuraons muocaonaaaoc wn resecve vrua sac orsane renerers,en a con,eonr renee mreur coomcaaonae waa voc anes arnom a reosor o conen accorno aoc conurao suazne muocaonaaaoc . e ssem o ca nrom amoneura ooc conuraons. aea m,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e eemesn onea rreoceersesnocre,s cauese sere ssemoeneraee sourceener eneran aaa muoca verocaon sorne conenemorncororan wn .onaaea ssoecms o w caou cone conenem. aeas onerocessor, causee smse,muoreern ceoramersen munsoruconsa, wen execue e aa eemen soren a sne serverocaon, wereneacaa eoenmaenanacorocoraeseneer caon a em ne sneoceneroe sourceener wou sor nen e sne serverocaon oeaa eemen. ne conenem a

.._ aeas one.roceseso sr,s caeumse o ce samsem,uoreenr comersnnsruconsa, wen execue e e muocaonaaaoc conen renerer comae w vsuazn eeenrmnnn a aoce: assocae we muocaonaaaoc an . e sns aemc oa coanmneraonas assocae weoce. aeas on ,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e o conene reronceesrseorsr, c caoumsersen ss seemmeonen e conen renererrom amone reosor acaonneraons,or renern conesn oe cmosm wuern c moueoecnaeroanea,araomo ccorsresonn . e ssem o cam,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen ex. aeas onerocesso ecue e roveer, causee ssemo: arso muocaonaaaocorsa wn ars vrua sace accorno rcov coeneu mrauono sceaon ars cenevce an o a secon aaaocorsa wn a secon vrua sace accorn .oce co snseumra oo cna sem, a secon cenevce. aeas onerocessor, causee ssemuoreenre craome ar nasnve mnsurucocoansoa, wen execue e aocener no assocae w a correso naaaocancues . non-ransor comuer reaanen m seouruceener. execue aeas oneroce m comrsnnsruconsa, wen enerae a so ssor, causee aeas onerocessoro: enerae,romurcee seonurceernencaern, a a m seurveorcoacaonoan saoarno ac co rneeenrem em sore ae serverocaon oe source encne conen emeae wn mue vru ener, werene muocaonaaaocs eermne,or a saces concurren usn a sneocener eren e muocaonaaaoc, aura ooc conuraonsncan vrua sa vsua caracerscsorsane muocaonaaaoc wn resecve assocaeecnes a w,n aorcaeo mnuneocraaoonnasora aa vrouca s anaceroamo arm re, ao csonoren o ren coenreern co rmenaereres

.._ wura vsu oaznoc ceo muocaonaaaoc accorno aoc conuraonrom amone . e nnon-urraansonos. nsruconsa, wen execuer come aueeras rea onaeero mceessourm, ca ous ceame ae,aurer comrsn eneraee muocaonaaaoc eneran s onerocessoroocaonancororaes aaa eemen soren a sne server ener wou sorn e conenem ne sneoceneroe source . e noe conenem ae sne serverocaon oeaa eemen.nsruconsa, wenn e-xreacnuseor come aueeras rea onaeero mceessourm, ca o cam,urer comrsn eermneeura ooc conur usee aeas onerocessoro assocae w verso aons eermnnocaons anmensons saces. ns oe muocaonaaaocsae we resecve vruansrucon.sa, we neonn e-xreacnuseor come aueeras re oaneareoc mesesoum o cam,urer comrsn eermne aass ass r, causee aeas onerocessoro: enerae,oreasso,c aaaes wee muocaonaaaoc an ener oe muocaon ner comrsn aaa eemeneoe sneocnsrucon.sa, we neonn e-xreacnusa eoraa comoc e au.eeras re oaneare meum o cam,urer comrsn eermne a ocessor, causee aeas onerocessoro: en communcaonrea assocae we muocaonaaaoc anoe sneeraoe,corene coemrm ouncaonrea, areaener comrsn aaa eemene . e non e muocaonaaaoc. nsruconsa, wen e-xreacnuseor come aueeras re oaneareoc mesesour,m ca ou cam,urer comrsn receve anncaon o a use see aeas onerocessoro: conenresene rneracon we muocaonaaaocor mon ase on wenncaeo mnu oocea usoenranearaaoc an roaae a mocaon m con, uze awo-wa mocaon canneo e conenem sore aea seervoereoc caononen assorecsaenee w wne soeur mceueoncaeorn.aaaoco

.._ oc anen. aeraocn m,e suomro mas com rzar ao onnsn e ae c: meenn, wevercee, a vrua sacenerace comrsn a conen wnoworr ne conenoc comrses a moae su- wn reece vve runsen a a snn an anca moon o an usernae craocneonn seecneoc summarzaon aoc summarza uc eemen ase oneose nern nener urearaac nce eo a wnn o sre,ec anoce sumocma srumrmomarzaeon eaem ceonn,enen oeraen c, usn oc. onen aarean.uae meo meeoo s o cam, wereneneraneoc summar comrses uzn . e meou ommarzeea conen oe conenoc. rovne conen caocmo,rursera comrsn: a conen emeenoe conenoc wrom ann exee vrnraua se srvearceneraceoresene mone conenoco reaceresena ocaon an e exerna server on oea conen emeerom seecneoc soucmamoanr wzaon eeoc summareneraen resonseoe userneracon . sae wane n a m e me vuo ru- o ao sc ca ac smem eum,en. ener nmeau rrre acerro cmomrs accan c:onen o aura o conenocs emeerom res essn an summarzne a conen rovnee mcuve- serovcer soucaons an . e meo o camm,muarorsa one cenevce. enn a communcaonreare arss comrsn: eneran area summaror ocae we conenoc rovnerea summar e communcaonrea an . e meo o cam,ourrser cao wne conenoc. eermnn userneracons w conemnresn: cenevce msor a user accoun assocae we

.._ oc sueneesraonn,asore user accoun uzn aoc sueson macneearnn moe, a rovnee oonc seu useersnoenra acs aon sse oecae uesenr aecrcaocuen ee amn vrua sa enorsa wne en.cener eranea , mce ore.os oa c oname c,uerer comrsn: accoun-secc summar o a conennesvcae, a sace summarnerace comrsn a user- wne vrua sac e wn aura o conenocsncue comrsenne arane,reonren usser er-aac acc oe onu a an n-seecrenc c suemnmaerv oce, an aona sace summarnerace ura o conenocsncue w ea conensae wne . ssem c ne vrua sacenerace. ae omrsn: e a a neoa ans s- or oan nne esroro orce ces cs sos omor r, cu an auerse reaea sse meum comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue conenenoecra aen,o arosca sum omna arz cem aeono: n eeevmceen,, a w verruean seac ceonneneracoec co cmorsn a moae su-wnoworresenn an mon mrses a ocaon a conenemose a a server eemen re wceven ane vnrucaa sonace on aer usaecre anneracon seecneoc summarzaon usn aasoec o snummea urserneracon seecneoc summarzaon eemen,enerae, e conenoc.zaon neura newor, aoc summarrome conenem o aeas o. e ssem o cam,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e enneeraroecesseor, coausee ssemo: assocae we cence svumcem aanr cusomzease on userneracons o a user accoun

.._ aonaeneroace a sunm amaro cnuasomocz summarromea conen oe conenoc,e . e ssem o came,uarseer o cno umserrsnneracnsornusc oon aeren user accoun. aeas onerocessor, ca sa, wen execue e evce aeermne usernuesreaceon sss wem coo:nenemsor a user accoun assocae we cenncanenn oenraee o,r maosere u onaees usoernearac coonnesn o assoec uaseer a wccoun co,n ae conen uae nocaon e vrua s nocssae wn aeas on.acen eroceseso ser r,sa cec ame. use o cea smse,muor:er comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e coneneermneermsson sens se a an exerna conen sourceorea conen oe e vru aoc a a senermsson sensrome exerna conen sourceoe conenoc wn aeas on.acen eroceseso ser r,sa cec ame. use o cea smse,muorer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e sens r aescseovcea,erom we ceenevce, an:ncaon o a userneracon monermsson ase one conenoc wne vrua sacenerace an rove uaeerm ussesronne sreacnosn moo an exnerneermsson sensore conenoc, emee wne co a conen sourceosne a conen aeas on.eroceseso sr,senmen o coacm.,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e oenroewnseerraea aoc ca suuseese sonseomros:a wne vrua sacenerace enn an receve an wn arowser runnn one cenevce saceneraceromnceaoonc o s au useesronner aancono a an aona conenocoe vrua

.._ oc sumasmear onrome useran ceorancenon wo anee o aeona conenoc,enerae an aona coneno nrowseraorsa wne aona aeas.c.e ssem o cam,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e ore c r oen oce neevr neo,cers oos cmor, c weau cse nene e ve svs rce uem a, a sno: ancecnaeon o a userneracono seermsson sens ermss reocne svee,nrosmor aen a cenonevce, annrcaacoen o an aona userneracono se ase one us a conenoc wne vrua sacenerace an sensore coneneroncer aancone an aeo ana coonnaen userocn.eracon, a erenermsson execue. aea nson o-neranrsocoersso cro,m cauer reaae meum comrsnnsruconsa, wen an aeoncera suem,morarzsaaon on e aem ceennuse , wevece ree a,n ae vars eu o cane on searcoecensseorraoce: comrsn a conenoc wnoworresenn an mon noc comrses a moae su- receve anncaon o a userneracao conn seen e vrua sacener ecneoc summarzaon eemen wn oc sumasmear oznaoen usaecren aenracon seecneoc summarzaon eemen,enerae, usn a e conenocrom ne au srear newor, aoc summarromea conen emee wn . e non-ranverocaon. nsruconsa, wen execuseor come aueeras rea onaeero mceessourm, o cam,urer comrsn roveneoc summa causee aeas onerocessoro e cone rorsa wne conenoco reaceea conen wnnsrucon.oc. sa, we neonn e-xreacnuseor come aueera reaae meum o cam,urer comrsn assocaee vrua sacenerace ws on ae vrroucaes msoere, cnause ane aeas onerocessoro:

.._ one caesne oenvcee,ec wnere rencurreen sce oe vrua meen,rovn a sace eemenorsancun conenocs man ace eemens seecaeo accesse vrua sacenerace . e uaeurne vrua meen. nsruconsa, w neonn e-xreacnuseor come aueeras re oaneareoc meum o cam,urer comrsn receve,rome cenevce, anncaone osso ar, u caseurseneer aaceoans s oenerocessoro: sueson w an acaononnnseeroe v aoer ecn aoc n res u n ana s ssoccaac aoe enn oera wec uesee arn oncera scuones seoecneoc sueson,en conen wne vrua sacen n anneraeor renernocnsrucon.sa, we neonn e-xreacnuseore croamce e au.eer reaae meum o cam,urer comrsn access, uzne acaonnearas oonne,rocaess coorn, ceanusreome a aeas onerocessoro:ncae eoc suesonor em n exerna serverocaon eneraee new conenoce en wn a new conenoc anocaonorsa menea conenrome exerna server . e n won-nranse noerw c coomneunero reca. nsruconsa, wen execue e aeas onaeero mceessourm, ca ous ceame ae,asur oneer comrsn enerae a newoc summarorea cone rocessoro e exerna servero n emee wne new conenocrom enersn.eeran mecaon. e o so au voru coam srascne:ncun one or more conenocs comrsnoc ea emen, wrceenersa reerence resecve weaes w ne vrua sace, a conenocaneraesuncona o a reec reeerence a sourceener oe conenoc movn anncaon o a userneracon we conenoc an .ne mee weoa oe c aaccmor, wneorene e umserenenraceon co wneneo ccon ceonmrosces.:

.._ conen a acscseoscsane, u wsnee sourceener oe conenoc, a serverocaonosn a n.erane meeoa we o c cona aemne a a ,sn wsoceraeen weneraen weea ve wne conenoc. annsance o a conen-oc-ase werowseraresensruae o sneac oer c momorseseneran arrane wne vrua sace asnvua re conenocs wne vru nerace eemens moaen sze anocaon e conen.a oce s c mac omee. rose os r cecam, weren recevnencaon oe userneracon wocaon as evn anncaono mo a conen sore a a serverneracon.socae comre w se mse mooe w oe n caame. e, wae croenne mno soren aee w seerveareoc aaccoonr anssocoe user e weaen resonseoe userneracon we co ae w uncona. oee w meeoae o com carmses, wenerenn e amn aenneneoc co.nenocaneraes aneraesuncon caonneraonore vrua sace an ao.na conee mnea ooc o o o c a ra wme sa,r wow wesreer nn aeencea vraon runno a seac ver vuaru saa scea ccoem.rseseneran oc comrses aocener e, werene aona conen assocae eo a sourceenera reerences a conen . w an exerna acaon oeran a werowser. aeas e aeas- or o ssem comrsn: a nonan nne esroro orce ces cs sos omor r, cu an aer reaae meum comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue eneresneeraeo a so vurruaus seacee snsceumno: one or more conenocs comrsnoc eme, wceenersa reerence resecve weaes weae reerencen ae so vurrcuea senace,e ar o coneen conoecnoacneraesuncona o a

.._ conen recoecve anncaon o a userneracono mo a conen wne wn meo ane weae accornoe userneracono mo ea conen aeas on.erocese co so sn r,se cen amuse ooc c. ea smse,urer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e access, usne sourceenmo emee conenoc: conen er oe conenoc, a serverocaonosn a e a as aasoca coneee nu w anceon seae we rv oaee w aneaeore conenocoacaeneracn w . e ssem oe craocmao,nu vraere conenoc. aeas onerocessor, causee ssemo ceonmeraresn a snascerucreonsa, wen execue e mono access ounconaore vewore vrua sace revew one or more conenocsorrovne sace . cenee svcseesm ex oer cnaamo a, susremer a csosmocrasen wnsruce vorua sace. aeas onerocessor, causee ssemo eme, wne vruans saace,, w ane an exeocunae coe ocaneraesuncona o an aona weae, wer nen aona conenoc aresae con ene conenoc ane . e ssem o cam,urcuerrren wne vrua sace. aeas one comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e eneraroece as csoorm,m cauusee ssemo: rovee concaonrea assocae we conenoc an conenro mmuncaonreaorsa wne conenocoeer w a .me weae reerence e sourceener. aeas oneroceseso sr,s ceamus oe cea smse,murer comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e a conen-oc-ase werowseraoreseennersaee oen ver orua m saceeneran annsance o e vrua sace asnvuanerace eemens w moaoree v cosnuaen caroaccesr asrracns.e wn

.._ aeas on.eroceseso sr,s ceamuse o cea smse,muor eemr comrsnnsruconsa, wen execue e accessn, usne sourceener oee ceo cnonenoc: conen assocae we we enoc, a serverocaonosn a n.eran none-ransao crona ceone m a a usnseorc raeaea we mee wume caome wrsnnnes conenoc. execue aeas onerocessor, caus ruconsa, wen enerae a vrua sacencuee aeas onerocessoro: eo sour n one or more conenocs comrsnoceners emcee,e wnnersea v rererence resecve weaes uncona o ua sace, a conenocaneraes a conen an rece a weae reerence a sourceener oe conenoc move anen wcaon o a userneracon we conenoc an . e neonae accornoe userneracon we conenoc.nsruconsa, wen e-xreacnuseor come aueeras re oaneareoc mesesour,m c o cam,urer comrsn receveencaon oe ausee aeas onerocessoro:ncaono mo e userneracon w e conenoc recevn an mo e weae aacc coonen asresene wne conenoc an roa rnoe userneracon,ase one userneracon, weaaen ree ar menocecaone m soaeoea conen asresene wne conenocoe . e non-ransurceener. nsruconsa, wen execueor come aueeras rea onaeero mceessourm, ca ous ceame,urer comrsn enerae aocrevewore cone aeas onerocessoro orrovneocrevewonoc moneuncona oe conenoc . e non-ransor cenevces w erenermsson sens.nsrucon comuer reaae meum o cam,urer comrsn emees conae,n weonc exeacuneeraese aunceaosn onerocessor, causee aeas onerocessoroneraonore vrua saceane a oe weae enn an acaon vrua sace. raesuncona o a werowser acaonnoe

.._ nsrucon.sa, we neon-ransor comuer reaae meum o cam,urer comrsn eneraee vruan execue e aeas onerocessor, causee aeas onerocessoro sace, werene a saceona ceonneeranno acn a cona conenocorsa wne vrua a reerencesa conen sore wn ao cmonresnes m aanocenereo a sourceener . e non-ransor comuer aemen ssem. nsruc reaae meum o cam,urer comrsn emeoensa, wen execue e aeas onerocessor, causee aeas onerocessoro a c aocce csosnnen, usonce: sourceener oe conenoc, a serverocaonosne nneenra anssoceae wa conee wneroame aen serverocaon wne conenoc.