WO2024111310A1 - 電解液、および、それを用いた蓄電素子 - Google Patents
電解液、および、それを用いた蓄電素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024111310A1 WO2024111310A1 PCT/JP2023/038067 JP2023038067W WO2024111310A1 WO 2024111310 A1 WO2024111310 A1 WO 2024111310A1 JP 2023038067 W JP2023038067 W JP 2023038067W WO 2024111310 A1 WO2024111310 A1 WO 2024111310A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to an electrolyte and an energy storage element using the electrolyte.
- Electric storage elements are used for a variety of purposes. For example, electric double layer capacitors and lithium ion capacitors are used as small power sources for backing up semiconductor memories. Since these capacitors are expected to be used under harsh conditions, it is important that the electrolyte used has properties that enable the capacitor to operate stably for long periods of time over a wide temperature range, from low to high temperatures.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors in which tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, an aliphatic quaternary ammonium salt, is dissolved as an electrolyte salt in propylene carbonate, an organic solvent.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an electrolyte for a capacitor that uses a quaternary ammonium salt or lithium salt as the electrolyte salt and a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile as the organic solvent.
- Acetonitrile is characterized by its extremely low viscosity of 0.34 mPa ⁇ s at room temperature, and therefore has the characteristic of being able to reduce the resistance value of the element, particularly at low temperatures.
- propylene carbonate and acetonitrile are also used as electrolytes in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries.
- One aspect of the present disclosure relates to an electrolyte solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent, the non-aqueous solvent containing a first compound, the first compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene represented by the following formula (1) and its fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an energy storage element having the above-mentioned electrolyte.
- a further aspect of the present disclosure relates to at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene and its fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- the electrolyte solution disclosed herein can provide an energy storage element that exhibits excellent electrical characteristics, particularly low resistance, at low temperatures.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view illustrating a schematic internal structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Propylene carbonate has a somewhat high viscosity of 2.5 mPa ⁇ s at room temperature, which poses the problem of high resistance of the element, especially at low temperatures.
- Acetonitrile has a low viscosity at room temperature, but there is a risk of hydrogen cyanide gas being generated if it is burned in an accident, and its use is therefore limited due to safety concerns.
- Electricity storage elements include non-aqueous electrolyte capacitors and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. Electricity storage elements may be elements that utilize both faradaic and non-faradaic reactions (i.e., have the properties of both a capacitor and a secondary battery).
- Non-aqueous electrolyte capacitors include electric double layer capacitors and lithium ion capacitors.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries include lithium ion secondary batteries and lithium metal secondary batteries. Capacitors may also be called “condensers.”
- the electrolyte according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a non-aqueous electrolyte, and includes a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- the non-aqueous solvent may be an organic solvent.
- the non-aqueous solvent contains a first compound.
- the first compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene and its fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- the first compound has a low viscosity, and the viscosity at room temperature can be 0.6 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the first compound does not contain a cyano group, it does not generate toxic hydrocyanic acid gas even when burned.
- the first compound By including the first compound in the non-aqueous solvent, it is possible to develop excellent electrical characteristics in the storage element even at low temperatures. Specifically, a safe non-aqueous electrolyte capacitor, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, etc. that have low internal resistance, excellent conductivity, and do not generate toxic gases when burned are provided.
- 1,3-Diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene has the formula (1):
- the first compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene and its fluorine-substituted derivatives, and the fluorine-substituted derivatives of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene are compounds in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- the viscosity becomes lower, which makes it possible to reduce the resistance of the storage element at low temperatures.
- the content of the first compound in the non-aqueous solvent is preferably 5% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. If the content of the first compound is 5% by mass or more, the viscosity of the entire mixed non-aqueous solvent is sufficiently reduced, and resistance at low temperatures is sufficiently improved. Conversely, if the content of the first compound is 80% by mass or less, precipitation of the electrolyte salt (e.g., quaternary ammonium salt, lithium salt, etc.) is suppressed, and the characteristics of the storage element are improved.
- the electrolyte salt e.g., quaternary ammonium salt, lithium salt, etc.
- the electrolyte of the present disclosure may be an electrolyte in which at least one selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts and lithium salts is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent.
- the electrolyte of an electric double layer capacitor may contain a quaternary ammonium salt.
- Lithium ion capacitors, lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium metal secondary batteries, etc. may contain a lithium salt.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain other compounds in addition to the first compound.
- the other compounds may be at least one second compound selected from the group consisting of cyclic carboxylates, chain carboxylates, cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, and cyclic sulfone compounds.
- Examples of cyclic carboxylates include ⁇ -acetolactone, ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, etc., with ⁇ -butyrolactone being particularly preferred.
- Examples of cyclic carboxylates include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, etc.
- Examples of cyclic carbonates include vinylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, etc.
- Examples of chain carbonates include dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.
- Examples of cyclic sulfone compounds include sulfolane, alkyl sulfolane, etc., with 3-methyl sulfolane being particularly preferred.
- quaternary ammonium salt a salt consisting of a tetraalkylammonium ion and an anion is preferable.
- tetraalkylammonium ion at least one of the following may be used: tetramethylammonium ion, trimethylethylammonium ion, triethylmethylammonium ion, tetraethylammonium ion, tetrabutylammonium ion, diethyldimethylammonium ion, etc.
- Examples of anions constituting quaternary ammonium salts or lithium salts include Cl ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , ClCO 4 ⁇ , CF 3 SO 3 ⁇ , N(FSO 2 ) 2 ⁇ , N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ⁇ , N(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 ⁇ , C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ⁇ , and the like.
- a specific example of the quaternary ammonium salt is triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, and specific examples of the lithium salt are LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiN(FSO 2 ) 2 and the like.
- the preferred lower limit of the electrolyte salt concentration in the electrolyte solution of the present disclosure is 0.1 mol/L, and the preferred upper limit is 3.0 mol/L.
- the electrolyte salt concentration is 0.1 mol/L or more, sufficient conductivity can be ensured.
- the electrolyte salt concentration is 3.0 mol/L or less, an increase in the viscosity of the resulting electrolyte solution can be suppressed, and a storage element with excellent electrical properties can be obtained.
- a more preferred lower limit of the electrolyte salt concentration is 0.5 mol/L, and a more preferred upper limit is 2 mol/L.
- the method for producing the electrolyte solution of the present invention is as described below. First, the non-aqueous solvent and the electrolyte salt (quaternary ammonium salt, lithium salt, etc.) are dehydrated. Then, in a low humidity environment such as a glove box, an electrolyte salt containing at least one selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts and lithium salts is added to the non-aqueous solvent and dissolved.
- a low humidity environment such as a glove box
- an electric double layer capacitor comprises a pair of polarizable electrodes, a separator interposed between the electrodes, an electrolyte, and a container that seals them.
- a lithium ion capacitor comprises a polarizable positive electrode, a negative electrode into which lithium ions can be inserted and removed, an electrolyte, a separator interposed between the electrodes, and a container that houses them.
- a lithium ion secondary battery comprises a positive electrode into which lithium ions can be inserted and removed, a negative electrode into which lithium ions can be inserted and removed, an electrolyte, a separator interposed between the electrodes, and a container that houses them.
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rectangular non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with a portion cut away.
- the secondary battery comprises a bottomed rectangular battery case 4, and an electrode group 1 and a non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) housed within the battery case 4.
- the electrode group 1 has a long strip-shaped negative electrode, a long strip-shaped positive electrode, and a separator interposed between them.
- the electrode group 1 is formed by winding the negative electrode, positive electrode, and separator around a flat winding core, and removing the winding core.
- One end of the negative electrode lead 3 is attached to the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode by welding or the like.
- One end of the positive electrode lead 2 is attached to the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode by welding or the like.
- the other end of the negative electrode lead 3 is electrically connected to a negative electrode terminal 6 provided on the sealing plate 5 via a gasket 7.
- the other end of the positive electrode lead 2 is electrically connected to the battery case 4, which also serves as a positive electrode terminal.
- a resin frame is disposed on top of the electrode group 1, isolating the electrode group 1 from the sealing plate 5 and isolating the negative electrode lead 3 from the battery case 4.
- the opening of the battery case 4 is sealed with the sealing plate 5.
- Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a compound represented by formula (1):
- the compound includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene and its fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- the electrolyte additive contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene and its fluorine-substituted derivatives.
- dichloromethane 1.2 L was added to [1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichlorocobalt(II) (12.5 g, 0.023 mol) that had been heated and dried.
- trimethylaluminum-toluene solution (2 M) (66.6 g, 0.462 mol) was slowly added and stirred at 0°C for 15 minutes.
- 1-butyne gas was introduced little by little while maintaining the temperature at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes.
- Viscosity measurement The viscosity of the 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene synthesized as described above at room temperature (25°C) was measured using a viscometer RSM-MV1 manufactured by SMILECo. The viscosity was 0.49 mPa ⁇ s, which was 0.6 mPa ⁇ s or less. This value is lower than the viscosity of 2.5 mPa ⁇ s of propylene carbonate, which is commonly used as a solvent for electrolyte solutions. Diethyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate are also often used as low-viscosity solvents, but their viscosities are 0.8 mPa ⁇ s and 0.6 mPa ⁇ s, respectively, which are lower than these.
- Triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate was added to a mixed solvent of 90 parts by weight of propylene carbonate and 10 parts by weight of dimethyl carbonate so that the concentration became 1.0 mol/L, thereby obtaining an electrolyte solution for a capacitor.
- Example 1 Triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate was added to a mixed solvent of 90 parts by weight of propylene carbonate and 10 parts by weight of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene to a concentration of 1.0 mol/L to obtain an electrolyte for a capacitor.
- Comparative Example 2 it can be seen that the internal resistance value is lower than in a system in which dimethyl carbonate is added to propylene carbonate.
- ⁇ Preparation of secondary battery> (Negative electrode) A negative electrode active material (graphite), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were mixed in a mass ratio of 97.5:1:1.5, water was added, and the mixture was stirred using a mixer (T.K. Hibismix, manufactured by Primix Corporation) to prepare a slurry of a negative electrode mixture.
- a mixer T.K. Hibismix, manufactured by Primix Corporation
- the slurry of the negative electrode mixture was applied to the surface of the copper foil so that the mass of the negative electrode mixture per 1 m2 was 190 g, and the coating was dried and then rolled to prepare a negative electrode in which a negative electrode mixture layer with a density of 1.5 g/ cm3 was formed on both sides of the copper foil.
- Lithium nickel composite oxide LiNi 0.8 Co 0.18 Al 0.02 O 2
- acetylene black acetylene black
- polyvinylidene fluoride was mixed in a mass ratio of 95:2.5:2.5
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the positive electrode mixture slurry was applied to the surface of an aluminum foil, the coating was dried, and then rolled to produce a positive electrode in which a positive electrode mixture layer with a density of 3.6 g/cm 3 was formed on both sides of the aluminum foil.
- Ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 20:70:10 to prepare a nonaqueous electrolyte.
- LiPF 6 was used as the lithium salt.
- the concentration of LiPF 6 in the electrolyte was 1.2 mol/L.
- Example 4 Ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene were mixed in a volume ratio of 18:63:9:10 to prepare a nonaqueous electrolyte.
- LiPF 6 was used as the lithium salt.
- the concentration of LiPF 6 in the electrolyte was 1.2 mol/L.
- An electrode group was produced by attaching a tab to each electrode and winding the positive and negative electrodes in a spiral shape with a separator between them so that the tabs were located at the outermost periphery.
- the electrode group was inserted into an exterior body made of aluminum laminate film and vacuum dried at 105°C for 2 hours. After that, a non-aqueous electrolyte was injected and the opening of the exterior body was sealed to obtain a secondary battery.
- Example 4 which used 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene
- the battery capacity was greater than in Comparative Example 3, which used an electrolyte solution that did not contain such a compound.
- a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent. Equipped with the non-aqueous solvent comprises a first compound,
- the first compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene represented by the following formula (1) and its fluorine-substituted derivatives:
- tetraalkylammonium ion is at least one selected from the group consisting of tetramethylammonium ion, trimethylethylammonium ion, triethylmethylammonium ion, tetraethylammonium ion, tetrabutylammonium ion, and diethyldimethylammonium ion.
- the quaternary ammonium salt is triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate; 5.
- the additive for an electrolyte solution comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,3-diethyl-4-methyl-1-cyclobutene represented by the following formula (1) and its fluorine-substituted derivatives:
- the electrolyte according to the present disclosure is used in storage elements such as non-aqueous electrolyte capacitors and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries.
- the storage elements according to the present disclosure are useful as main power sources for mobile communication devices, portable electronic devices, etc.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本開示を実施例および比較例に基づいて具体的に説明するが、本開示は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンは、アルキンとアルケンの[2+2]環化付加反応によるシクロブテン環形成反応によって合成される。
上記のように合成した1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンの室温(25℃)での粘度を、SMILECo社製の粘度計RSM-MV1にて計測した。粘度は、0.49mPa・sであり、0.6mPa・s以下であった。この値は、電解液用の溶媒として一般的によく用いられるプロピレンカーボネートの粘度である2.5mPa・sよりも低い値である。また、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネートも低粘度溶媒として、よく用いられるが、これらの粘度は、それぞれ、0.8mPa・s、0.6mPa・sであり、それよりも低い粘度となっている。
プロピレンカーボネートに濃度が1.0mol/Lになるようにテトラフルオロホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウムを加え、キャパシタ用電解液を得た。
プロピレンカーボネート90重量部とジメチルカーボネート10重量部とを混合した溶媒に、濃度が1.0mol/Lになるようにテトラフルオロホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウムを加え、キャパシタ用電解液を得た。
プロピレンカーボネート90重量部と1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンを10重量部とを混合した溶媒に、濃度が1.0mol/Lになるようにテトラフルオロホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウムを加え、キャパシタ用電解液を得た。
30mm幅、厚さ20μmのアルミニウムシートを集電体として用意し、この両面に厚さ80μmで活性炭を塗工し、電極とした。ついで、電極を20×72mmに切断して、集電体のアルミニウムの面に電極引出しリードを溶接した。一対の電極で、厚さ50μmのセルロースからなるセパレータを挟んでアルミニウムラミネートフィルム製の容器に収納し、ドライチャンバ中で電解液を注入し、電極に含浸させた。その後、容器を封止して、キャパシタのラミネートセルを作製した。
作製したキャパシタに、電圧3.0Vを印加して、その内部抵抗を-30℃にて計測した。
(負極)
負極活物質(黒鉛)と、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(CMC-Na)と、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム(SBR)とを、97.5:1:1.5の質量比で混合し、水を添加した後、混合機(プライミクス社製、T.K.ハイビスミックス)を用いて攪拌し、負極合剤のスラリーを調製した。次に、銅箔の表面に1m2当りの負極合剤の質量が190gとなるように負極合剤のスラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延して、銅箔の両面に、密度1.5g/cm3の負極合剤層が形成された負極を作製した。
リチウムニッケル複合酸化物(LiNi0.8Co0.18Al0.02O2)と、アセチレンブラックと、ポリフッ化ビニリデンとを、95:2.5:2.5の質量比で混合し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を添加した後、混合機(プライミクス社製、T.K.ハイビスミックス)を用いて攪拌し、正極合剤のスラリーを調製した。次に、アルミニウム箔の表面に正極合剤のスラリーを塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた後、圧延して、アルミニウム箔の両面に、密度3.6g/cm3の正極合剤層が形成された正極を作製した。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)を20:70:10の体積比で混合し、非水電解液を調製した。リチウム塩には、LiPF6を用いた。電解液中のLiPF6の濃度は、1.2mol/Lとした。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンを18:63:9:10の体積比で混合し、非水電解液を調製した。リチウム塩には、LiPF6を用いた。電解液中のLiPF6の濃度は、1.2mol/Lとした。
上記のようにして作製した二次電池にて、-5℃の環境下で、0.3It(800mA)の電流で電圧が4.2Vになるまで定電流充電を行い、その後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.015It(40mA)になるまで定電圧充電した。その後、0.3It(800mA)の電流で電圧が2.75Vになるまで定電流放電を行った。このときの放電容量を電池容量として求めた。
以上の実施形態の記載により、下記の技術が開示される。
非水溶媒と、前記非水溶媒に溶解した電解質塩と、
を備え、
前記非水溶媒は、第1化合物を含み、
前記第1化合物は、下記式(1)で表される1,3-ジエチル―4-メチル―1-シクロブテンおよびそのフッ素置換体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、電解液。
前記非水溶媒中の前記第1化合物の含有率が、5質量%以上、80質量%以下である、技術1に記載の電解液。
前記非水溶媒が、さらに、環状カルボン酸エステル、鎖状カルボン酸エステル、環状炭酸エステル、鎖状炭酸エステルおよび環状スルホン化合物からなる群から選択される第2化合物を含有する、技術1または2に記載の電解液。
前記電解質塩が、第4級アンモニウム塩およびリチウム塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、技術1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電解液。
前記第4級アンモニウム塩が、テトラアルキルアンモニウムイオン、および、アニオンからなる塩を含む、技術4に記載の電解液。
前記テトラアルキルアンモニウムイオンが、テトラメチルアンモニウムイオン、トリメチルエチルアンモニウムイオン、トリエチルメチルアンモニウムイオン、テトラエチルアンモニウムイオン、テトラブチルアンモニウムイオン、およびジエチルジメチルアンモニウムイオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、技術5に記載の電解液。
前記アニオンが、Cl-、BF4 -、PF6 -、ClCO4 -、CF3SO3 -、N(FSO2)2 -、N(CF3SO2)2 -、N(C2F5SO2)2 -、およびC(CF3SO2)3 -からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、技術5または6に記載の電解液。
前記第4級アンモニウム塩が、テトラフルオロホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウムであり、
前記リチウム塩が、LiPF6である、技術4に記載の電解液。
前記電解液において、前記電解質塩の濃度が、0.1mol/L以上、3.0mol/L以下である、技術1~8のいずれか1つに記載の電解液。
前記電解液において、前記電解質塩の濃度が、0.5mol/L以上、2.0mol/L以下である、技術1~8のいずれか1つに記載の電解液。
技術1~10のいずれか1項に記載の電解液を有する蓄電素子。
下記式(1)で表される1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンおよびそのフッ素置換体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物。
下記式(1)で表される1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンおよびそのフッ素置換体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有する電解液用添加剤。
2 正極リード
3 負極リード
4 電池ケース
5 封口板
6 負極端子
7 ガスケット
Claims (12)
- 非水溶媒と、前記非水溶媒に溶解した電解質塩と、
を備え、
前記非水溶媒は、第1化合物を含み、
前記第1化合物は、下記式(1)で表される1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンおよびそのフッ素置換体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、電解液。
- 前記非水溶媒中の前記第1化合物の含有率が、5質量%以上、80質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の電解液。
- 前記非水溶媒が、さらに、環状カルボン酸エステル、鎖状カルボン酸エステル、環状炭酸エステル、鎖状炭酸エステルおよび環状スルホン化合物からなる群から選択される第2化合物を含有する、請求項1に記載の電解液。
- 前記電解質塩が、第4級アンモニウム塩およびリチウム塩からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1に記載の電解液。
- 前記第4級アンモニウム塩が、テトラアルキルアンモニウムイオン、および、アニオンからなる塩を含む、請求項4に記載の電解液。
- 前記テトラアルキルアンモニウムイオンが、テトラメチルアンモニウムイオン、トリメチルエチルアンモニウムイオン、トリエチルメチルアンモニウムイオン、テトラエチルアンモニウムイオン、テトラブチルアンモニウムイオン、およびジエチルジメチルアンモニウムイオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項5に記載の電解液。
- 前記アニオンが、Cl-、BF4 -、PF6 -、ClCO4 -、CF3SO3 -、N(FSO2)2 -、N(CF3SO2)2 -、N(C2F5SO2)2 -、およびC(CF3SO2)3 -からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項5に記載の電解液。
- 前記第4級アンモニウム塩が、テトラフルオロホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウムであり、
前記リチウム塩が、LiPF6である、請求項4に記載の電解液。 - 前記電解液において、前記電解質塩の濃度が、0.1mol/L以上、3.0mol/L以下である、請求項4に記載の電解液。
- 前記電解液において、前記電解質塩の濃度が、0.5mol/L以上、2.0mol/L以下である、請求項4に記載の電解液。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の電解液を有する蓄電素子。
- 下記式(1)で表される1,3-ジエチル-4-メチル-1-シクロブテンおよびそのフッ素置換体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物。
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| JP2022-186617 | 2022-11-22 | ||
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002280062A (ja) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-27 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
| JP2008262900A (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-10-30 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質およびこれを用いた非水電解質電池 |
| WO2016017362A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | シクロブテンジオン誘導体、非水電解液、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
-
2022
- 2022-11-22 JP JP2022186617A patent/JP2024075278A/ja active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-20 CN CN202380070950.9A patent/CN119998978A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-20 WO PCT/JP2023/038067 patent/WO2024111310A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002280062A (ja) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-27 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池 |
| JP2008262900A (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-10-30 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質およびこれを用いた非水電解質電池 |
| WO2016017362A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | シクロブテンジオン誘導体、非水電解液、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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| JP2024075278A (ja) | 2024-06-03 |
| CN119998978A (zh) | 2025-05-13 |
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