WO2024190707A1 - 立体編物及びそれを含む車両用内装材 - Google Patents
立体編物及びそれを含む車両用内装材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024190707A1 WO2024190707A1 PCT/JP2024/009193 JP2024009193W WO2024190707A1 WO 2024190707 A1 WO2024190707 A1 WO 2024190707A1 JP 2024009193 W JP2024009193 W JP 2024009193W WO 2024190707 A1 WO2024190707 A1 WO 2024190707A1
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- Prior art keywords
- knitted fabric
- knit
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- dimensional
- surface layer
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/20—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting articles of particular configuration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
- A47C27/12—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with fibrous inlays, e.g. made of wool, of cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/58—Seat coverings
- B60N2/5891—Seat coverings characterised by the manufacturing process; manufacturing seat coverings not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/12—Vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a three-dimensional knitted fabric and a vehicle interior material that includes the same.
- three-dimensional knitted fabrics consisting of two layers of knitted fabric on the front and back and connecting yarns connecting the two layers of knitted fabric have cushioning properties in the thickness direction by using monofilament for the connecting yarn, and by making the knitted fabric on the front and back into a mesh structure, they ensure high breathability, and are widely used in applications such as seat covers and bedding as a cushioning material that is cool and prevents stuffiness.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a skin material made of three-dimensional knit fabric, in which the outer surface of the knitted surface layer is the surface that comes into contact with the human body and the mesh density of the surface layer is 11,500 to 20,000, can suppress pilling even when the surface is rubbed by the hook part of a hook-and-loop fastener.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that in a three-dimensional knitted fabric in which at least one side is mesh-like, reinforcing threads are woven into the openings of the mesh to stabilize the shape of the mesh.
- the three-dimensional knit fabric described in Patent Document 1 has a dense knitted surface, and thus has good durability against rubbing of the surface by hard protrusions such as hooks of a hook-and-loop fastener (hereinafter also referred to as "scratch resistance") and Taber abrasion resistance according to the JASO M403A method.
- spinch resistance hooks of a hook-and-loop fastener
- Taber abrasion resistance according to the JASO M403A method.
- ASTM D3884-09 method specifies even harsher conditions, or to pattern collapse due to stretching of the knit fabric.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric described in Patent Document 2 has reinforcing yarn woven into the openings of the mesh fabric to improve the stability of the mesh form, but no consideration was given to scratch resistance, Taber abrasion resistance, or pattern (stitch) collapse due to stretching of the knitted fabric.
- the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a three-dimensional knitted fabric that has a good feel while suppressing stitch collapse due to excessive stretching when a tensile load is applied, such as when a seat is installed, and has Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM method, as well as a vehicle interior material that includes the same.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric including a surface layer knitted fabric, a back layer knitted fabric, and a connecting yarn connecting the surface layer knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric, where at least one of the surface layer n knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric includes a surface layer located on the outside of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and a shape-fixing layer located on the inside of the three-dimensional knitted fabric and including knit loops formed in the same positions as the knit loops included in the surface layer, and thus completed the present invention.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric comprising a surface layer knitted fabric, a back layer knitted fabric, and a connecting yarn connecting the surface layer knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric
- the surface layer knitted fabric comprises a surface layer located on the outermost side of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and a shape-fixing layer located inside the three-dimensional knitted fabric relative to the surface layer and including knit loops formed at the same positions as the knit loops included in the surface layer, wherein the knitted fabric density after finishing is 30 courses/inch or more and 64 courses/inch or less, and the ratio (A) of the number of knit loops included in the surface layer to the number of knit loops included in the shape-fixing layer is more than 80% and 100% or less.
- Knit density M N ⁇ D ⁇ wherein N is the number of stitches (pieces) of the surface layer knitted fabric per 2.54 cm square, and D is the total fineness (dtex) of the fibers forming one stitch of the surface layer knitted fabric. ⁇ is 11,500 or more and 20,000 or less.
- the present invention provides a three-dimensional knitted fabric that prevents stitch collapse due to excessive elongation when a tensile load is applied, such as when a seat is installed, and has Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM method, as well as a vehicle interior material that includes the same.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional knit fabric including a surface layer knit fabric, a back layer knit fabric, and a connecting yarn connecting the surface layer knit fabric and the back layer knit fabric
- the surface layer knit fabric includes a surface layer located on the outermost side of the three-dimensional knit fabric, and a shape-fixing layer located inside the three-dimensional knit fabric relative to the surface layer and including knit loops formed at the same positions as the knit loops included in the surface layer, the knit density after finishing is 30 courses/inch or more and 64 courses/inch or less
- the ratio (A) of the number of knit loops included in the surface layer to the number of knit loops included in the shape-fixing layer is more than 80% and 100% or less.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present embodiment includes a three-dimensional knitted fabric that is configured with the knitted fabric of the front layer, the knitted fabric of the back layer, and a connecting yarn that connects the knitted fabric of the front layer and the knitted fabric of the back layer.
- the front layer refers to the layer that is exposed to the surface of the vehicle interior when the knitted fabric is used in a vehicle interior material.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric is knitted by a double raschel warp knitting machine or a double circular knitting machine, and the density of the knitted fabric can be set arbitrarily, but the knitted fabric density after finishing is preferably 30 courses/inch to 64 courses/inch, and more preferably 35 courses/inch to 50 courses/inch.
- the gauge of the knitting machine used is 14 to 32, preferably 18 to 28.
- the on-machine course density during knitting can be set as desired, but in order to adjust the knitted fabric density after finishing to the above-mentioned preferred range, it is preferable to knit at a density of 29 courses/inch to 40 courses/inch in the case of a double raschel knitting machine, and more preferably at a density of 33 courses/inch to 40 courses/inch. If it is 29 courses/inch or more, the stitches do not become loose and the abrasion resistance is improved. On the other hand, if it is 40 courses/inch or less, the loops tend to come off the knitting needles during knitting, making knitting easier.
- the three-dimensional knit of this embodiment is characterized in that the surface knitted fabric includes a surface layer located on the outermost side of the three-dimensional knit, and a shape-fixing layer located inside the three-dimensional knit of the surface layer and including knit loops formed at the same positions as the knit loops included in the surface layer.
- the surface layer is the outermost layer of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and is the part that greatly affects the design of the three-dimensional knitted fabric.
- the surface layer can have any structure depending on the desired design.
- the shape fixing layer is a layer that is located inside the surface layer and includes knit loops formed at the same position as the knit loops included in the surface layer. By arranging the shape fixing layer, the knit loops that form the surface layer are fixed, and the knitted fabric can be prevented from collapsing due to excessive stretching, and the Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance can be improved. It is preferable that the shape fixing layer does not contribute to the design of the three-dimensional knitted fabric by being exposed to the surface.
- the shape fixing layer can have any structure, but in order to improve the Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance by fixing adjacent wales to suppress the movement of the knit loops, a structure in which knit loops that are one wale or more apart are connected by a sinker loop is preferable, and a Denbigh structure in which knit loops that are one wale apart are connected by a sinker loop is more preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the knitted fabric from collapsing due to warp stretching.
- the ratio (A) of the number of knit loops included in the surface layer to the number of knit loops included in the shape fixing layer is more than 80% and not more than 100%, and preferably more than 90% and not more than 100%.
- the knit loops in the surface layer and the knit loops in the shape fixing layer may all be formed in the same position.
- the shape-fixed layer can be formed, for example, by yarn fed from a separate reed located inside the reed that knits the surface layer in a double raschel knitting machine. Any method can be used to knit the shape-fixed layer. For example, it is preferable to feed the yarn from a reed that is passed all-in, so that all the loops of the knitted fabric of the surface layer overlap with the loops of the shape-fixed layer.
- the fineness of the fibers used in the shape fixing layer is preferably 50 dtex or more and 150 dtex or less, more preferably 50 dtex or more and 120 dtex or less, and even more preferably 60 dtex or more and 120 dtex or less, from the viewpoints of fixing the surface layer to prevent the knitting from collapsing, improving Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance, and preventing the shape fixing layer from being exposed on the surface.
- the fiber material used for the front and back knitted fabrics is not limited, and may be a single material or a composite of multiple materials by blending, twisting, blending, interweaving, etc., but from the standpoint of raw yarn strength and light resistance, long fibers of polyethylene terephthalate fiber are preferably used.
- the fiber used for the front and back knitted fabrics is 100% polyethylene terephthalate fiber in terms of ease of recycling, such as material recycling and chemical recycling.
- the polyethylene terephthalate fiber is a false twisted yarn, an interlaced yarn, or a twisted yarn.
- a dyed yarn a yarn colored by kneading a pigment, etc.
- a yarn dyed in advance for the fiber used for the front and back knitted fabrics it is preferable to use a dyed yarn that can eliminate the need for a dyeing process.
- the fineness of the fibers used in the front and back knitted fabrics is preferably 50 dtex to 500 dtex, more preferably 50 dtex to 250 dtex, and even more preferably 60 dtex to 250 dtex.
- the total fineness of the yarns forming the knitted loops in the front and back knitted fabrics on the side having the shape fixing layer is preferably 100 dtex to 1200 dtex, more preferably 100 dtex to 1000 dtex, even more preferably 250 dtex to 1000 dtex, and particularly preferably 250 dtex to 700 dtex.
- the single yarn fineness is preferably 1 dtex to 6 dtex, more preferably 3 dtex to 6 dtex, which provides higher single yarn strength.
- the fiber material used for the connecting thread can be the same as the fiber used for the front and back knitted fabrics described above.
- the fiber used for the connecting thread may be either multifilament or monofilament, but monofilament is preferred.
- its fineness is preferably 30 dtex or more and 300 dtex or less, more preferably 50 dtex or more and 200 dtex or less, in order to suppress the monofilament from protruding onto the knitted fabric surface and maintain good cushioning properties.
- the connecting threads protrude from the surface of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, they will easily get caught on protrusions such as hooks of a hook-and-loop fastener, reducing scratch resistance. Therefore, it is desirable for the stitches of the fibers forming the surface knitted fabric to press down the stitches of the connecting threads so that the connecting threads do not protrude from the outer surface of the surface knitted fabric (i.e., the seating surface of the seat cover material for a seat).
- the value obtained by dividing the fineness D1 of the non-connecting threads forming each knit loop by the fineness D2 of the connecting thread (hereinafter also referred to as "D1/D2") in all knit loops including the connecting thread among the knit loops included in the knitted fabric on the side having the shape fixing layer is 2.8 or more, and more preferably 3.0 or more.
- the knitting structure of the front layer knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric which do not include the surface layer and the shape fixing layer, preferably uses at least two reeds and has a mesh structure with a 1-in-1-out or 2-in-2-out yarn withdrawal arrangement when supplying yarn from the guide bar.
- the total fineness (dtex) of the fibers forming one stitch of the surface knitted fabric refers to the total fineness of only the fibers forming the stitch, excluding the fineness of the connecting yarn and excluding fibers that do not form a stitch, such as insertion knitting.
- the stitch density of the surface knitted fabric is preferably in the range of 13,000 to 19,000, more preferably 14,000 to 19,000.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment is preferably designed to have a constant load set rate of 3% or less when a load of 10 kg is applied in the warp direction of the fabric for 10 minutes, the load is then removed, and the fabric is allowed to stand for 10 minutes, from the viewpoint of preventing excessive elongation during sheet tensioning and preventing stitch collapse.
- a detailed method for measuring the constant load set rate will be described later.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment preferably has an air permeability from the layer between the surface knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric of the three-dimensional knitted fabric (hereinafter also referred to as the "connecting layer") toward the surface knitted fabric of 33 cc/ cm2 /sec or more, more preferably 40 cc/ cm2 /sec or more, and even more preferably 50 cc/ cm2 /sec or more.
- the term "air permeability through the layer between the surface knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric of a three-dimensional knitted fabric toward the surface knitted fabric” refers to the air permeability of the three-dimensional knitted fabric when the test piece is 15 cm square, the surface knitted fabric is placed face down in the opening of the air permeability tester, and a 3 mm thick, 20 cm square silicon rubber plate is placed on the outer surface of the back knitted fabric to block the air that permeates the back knitted fabric, entering through the cross sections of the four sides of the three-dimensional knitted fabric and passing through the connecting layer to permeate the surface knitted fabric, when measuring the air permeability of the three-dimensional knitted fabric according to the suction conditions of JIS L1096 Air Permeability Test Method (Method A).
- the air permeability of the three-dimensional knitted fabric from the back layer to the front layer is preferably 60 cc/ cm2 /sec or more, more preferably 70 cc/ cm2 /sec or more, and even more preferably 90 cc/ cm2 /sec or more.
- At least one of the surface layer knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric, particularly the shape fixing layer contains a heat-sealed yarn.
- heat-sealed yarn refers to a yarn having a lower melting point than other fibers contained in the surface layer knitted fabric and the back layer knitted fabric.
- the heat-sealed yarn preferably has a melting point of 200°C or less, and more preferably 180°C or less.
- the material of the low-melting point yarn is not limited, and multiple materials may be combined by blending, twisting, blending, etc., but long fibers of polyethylene terephthalate-based fibers are preferably used in terms of strength and light resistance.
- the thickness of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment can be set arbitrarily, but is preferably 2 mm to 12 mm, more preferably 2.5 mm to 8 mm, in view of the sewing and handling properties as a skin material.
- the basis weight of the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be set arbitrarily, but is preferably 150 to 1000 g/m 2 , more preferably 400 to 900 g/m 2 .
- the grey fabric in the case of a three-dimensional knitted fabric that constitutes the three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment, in the case of a three-dimensional knitted fabric that uses yarn-dyed yarn or dope-dyed yarn, the grey fabric can be finished through processes such as scouring and heat setting, but in terms of simplifying the process, it is more preferable to finish the fabric only by heat setting.
- the grey fabric in the case of a three-dimensional knitted fabric in which either the connecting yarn or the fibers used in the front and back knitted fabrics are uncolored, the grey fabric can be finished through processes such as presetting, scouring, dyeing, and heat setting.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of this embodiment is suitable for use as an interior material for vehicles, with the knitted fabric containing the shape fixing layer facing the interior side of the front and back layers.
- the ratio (%) of the number of knit loops contained in the surface layer to the number of knit loops contained in the shape fixing layer (A) The weft direction of the three-dimensional knitted fabric is the width direction, and the warp direction is the length direction, and a test piece 100 mm wide x 100 mm long is taken, and the loops of the shape fixing layer and the surface layer are counted and calculated using the following calculation formula. Measurements are taken at three locations and the average value is calculated.
- Air permeability (cc/cm 2 /sec) from the back layer to the front layer is measured in accordance with JIS L1096 Air Permeability Test Method (Method A) using a Takayama Reed Co., Ltd. air permeability tester FX3300 Lab Air IV.
- the friction element is placed on the test piece and abrasion test is performed five times back and forth with a pressing load of 9.8 N including the friction element, a stroke of 14 cm, and a speed of 60 ⁇ 10 reciprocations/min.
- the test piece is taken from the vertical and horizontal directions of the three-dimensional knitted fabric and measured, and the wear state of the surface of the test piece is observed after the test, and the following grade judgment is performed. The judgment is performed in 0.5 grade increments.
- Grade 5 No fuzzing is observed
- Grade 4 Slight fuzzing is observed
- Grade 3 Fuzzing is clearly observed, but broken threads are not noticeable
- Grade 2 Fuzzing is somewhat noticeable, with broken threads and pulled-out threads
- Grade 1 Fuzzing is significant, with severe appearance abnormalities
- Example 1 Using a 22 gauge double raschel knitting machine equipped with six reeds and a hook gap of 6 mm, two false twisted yarns of 167 dtex 48 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) were aligned from two reeds (L1, L2) in a 1-in-1-out (L1) and 1-out-1-in (L2) arrangement, and 84 dtex 24 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was fed from one reed (L3) that forms a shape-fixed layer.
- the false twisted yarn was supplied in an all-in arrangement, and from one reed (L4) forming the connecting portion, a monofilament of 110 dtex polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L4) arrangement, and further, from two reeds (L5, L6) forming the knitted fabric of the back layer, false twisted yarn of 110 dtex 36 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied, both in an all-in arrangement.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 35 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- Example 2 A three-dimensional knitted fabric having a finished knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the weaves of L1, L2, L3, and L4 were changed as follows. (Editing organization) L1: 0111/3222/0111/3222// (1 in 1 out) L2: 2322/1011/2322/1011// (1 out, 1 in) L3: 1211/1011/1211/1011// (all in) L4: 3410/4367/3410/4367// (1 in 1 out)
- Example 3 A three-dimensional knitted fabric having a finished knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the structure of L3 was changed as follows. (Editing organization) L3: 0111/3222/1011/2322// (all in)
- Example 4 A three-dimensional knitted fabric having a finished knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the structure of L3 was changed as follows. (Editing organization) L3: 0111/4333/1011/3433// (all in)
- Example 5 Using a double raschel knitting machine equipped with six reeds and a gauge of 18 and a hook distance of 6 mm, two false twisted yarns of 222 dtex 72 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) were aligned and supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L1) and 1-out-1-in (L2) arrangement from the two reeds (L1, L2) that form the knitted fabric of the surface layer, and 110 dtex 36 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber ( A false twisted yarn of 110 dtex polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied in an all-in arrangement from one reed (L4) forming the connecting part, a monofilament of 110 dtex polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L4) arrangement from one reed (L5), and further, false twisted yarn of 110 dtex 36 filament poly
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 29 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- the resulting grey fabric was widened by 5% and dry heat set at 180°C for 1 minute with an overfeed rate of 0%, to obtain a three-dimensional knitted fabric with a knit density of 31 courses/inch and 20 wales/inch after finishing.
- L1 0111/2122/5444/3433// (1 in 1 out)
- L2 4544/4333/1011/1222// (1 out, 1 in)
- L3 0111/2111/1011/1211// (all in)
- L4 3410/3245/2145/2310// (1 out 1 in)
- L5 1110/1112// (all in)
- L6 1123/2210// (all in)
- Example 6 Using a double raschel knitting machine equipped with six reeds, 28 gauge, and 3 mm hook interval, two false twisted yarns of 56 dtex 18 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) were aligned and supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L1) and 1-out-1-in (L2) arrangement from the two reeds (L1, L2) that form the knitted fabric of the surface layer, and 56 dtex 18 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied from one reed (L3) that forms the shape-fixed layer.
- L1 and 1-out-1-in (L2) arrangement from the two reeds (L1, L2) that form the knitted fabric of the surface layer
- 56 dtex 18 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber black dope-dyed yarn
- a false twisted yarn of 56 dtex 18 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied in an all-in arrangement from one reed (L4) forming the connecting portion, and a monofilament of 60 dtex polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) was supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L4) arrangement from one reed (L5, L6) forming the knitted fabric of the back layer.
- Two false twisted yarns of 56 dtex 18 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dope-dyed yarn) were pulled together and supplied in an all-in arrangement from two reeds (L5, L6) forming the knitted fabric of the back layer.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 40 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- the resulting grey fabric was widened by 5% and dry heat set at 180°C for 1 minute with an overfeed rate of 0%, to obtain a three-dimensional knitted fabric with a knit density of 42 courses/inch and 30 wales/inch after finishing.
- L1 0111/2122/5444/3433// (1 in 1 out)
- L2 4544/4333/1011/1222// (1 out, 1 in)
- L3 0111/2111/1011/1211// (all in)
- L4 3410/3245/2145/2310// (1 out 1 in)
- L5 1110/1112// (all in)
- L6 1123/2210// (all in)
- Example 7 A three-dimensional knitted fabric with a finished knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the yarn L3 was changed to a low melting point polyester yarn of 84 dtex, 24 filaments (Bell Couple (registered trademark) manufactured by KB Seiren Co., Ltd.) and the heat setting conditions were changed to 190°C x 1 minute.
- the yarn L3 was changed to a low melting point polyester yarn of 84 dtex, 24 filaments (Bell Couple (registered trademark) manufactured by KB Seiren Co., Ltd.) and the heat setting conditions were changed to 190°C x 1 minute.
- Example 8 A three-dimensional knitted fabric having a finished knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the yarn removal sequence of L1L2 was changed as follows. (Editing organization) L1: 0111/2122/5444/3433// (1 in 1 out x 4 repeats + 2 outs) L2: 4544/4333/1011/1222// (1 out 1 in x 4 repeats + 2 out)
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 35 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- the resulting grey fabric was widened by 5% and dry heat set at 180°C for 1 minute with an overfeed rate of 0%, to obtain a three-dimensional knitted fabric with a knit density of 37 courses/inch and 24 wales/inch after finishing.
- L1 1011/1222/4544/4333// (1 in 1 out)
- L2 4544/4333/1011/1222// (1 out, 1 in)
- L3 No thread supply
- L4 3410/3245/2145/2310/// (1 in 1 out)
- L6 1123/2210/// (all in)
- the yarns were supplied in an all-in arrangement, and a false twisted yarn of 33 dtex 12 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dyed yarn) was supplied in an all-in arrangement from one reed (L4) forming the connecting part, and further, a false twisted yarn of 84 tex 36 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dyed yarn) was supplied in an all-in arrangement from two reeds (L5, L6) forming the knitted fabric of the back layer.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 32 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- the fibers were supplied in an all-in arrangement, and a monofilament of 333 dtex polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dyed yarn) was supplied in an all-in (L4) arrangement from one reed (L4) forming the connecting part, and further, crimped yarn of 222 dtex 60 filament polyethylene terephthalate fiber (black dyed yarn) was supplied in a 1-in-1-out (L5) and 1-out-1-in (L6) arrangement from two reeds (L5, L6) forming the knitted fabric of the back layer.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric was knitted with the knit structure shown below, with 24 courses/2.54 cm on the machine.
- the resulting grey fabric was widened by 5% and dry heat set at 180°C for 1 minute with an overfeed rate of 0%, to obtain a three-dimensional knitted fabric with a knit density of 26 courses/inch and 20 wales/inch after finishing.
- L4 4554/3210/0123// (all in)
- L5 1000/0111// (1 in 1 out)
- L6 3433/1011// (1 out, 1 in)
- the three-dimensional knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 8 had a good feel, good Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM standards, and little collapse of the stitches when subjected to a tensile load.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 there was no shape-fixing layer, or the ratio (A) of the number of knit loops in the surface layer to the number of knit loops in the shape-fixing layer was 75%, so the Taber abrasion resistance according to the ASTM standard was poor, and the stitch collapse was also large under tensile load.
- Comparative Example 3 the knit density after finishing was low, and excessively thick yarn was used to maintain strength, so the Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM standard were good, but the touch was unpleasant and the stitch collapse was also large under tensile load.
- Comparative Example 4 the knit density after finishing was low and the touch was good, but the Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM standard were poor, and the stitch collapse was also large under tensile load.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention is suitable for use as an interior material for vehicles because it prevents stitch collapse due to excessive elongation when a tensile load is applied, such as when a seat is installed, and has Taber abrasion resistance and scratch resistance according to the ASTM method.
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Abstract
Description
また、特許文献2に記載の立体編物は、メッシュ編地の開口部に補強糸を編み込ませてメッシュ形態の安定性は向上しているものの、耐スクラッチ性、耐テーバー摩耗性、及び編地の伸びによる柄(編目)崩れについては何ら考慮されていなかった。
[1]表層の編地、裏層の編地、及び該表層の編地と該裏層の編地とを連結する連結糸を含む立体編物であって、該表層の編地に、該立体編物の最も外側に位置する表面層と、該表面層よりも立体編物の内側に位置し、かつ、該表面層に含まれるニットループと同じ位置で形成されるニットループを含む形状固定層とを含み、かつ、仕上後の編地密度が30コース/インチ以上64コース/インチ以下の密度であり、かつ、該形状固定層に含まれるニットループ数に対する、該表面層に含まれるニットループ数の割合(A)が、80%超100%以下であることを特徴とする、立体編物。
[2]前記表面層に含まれるニットループと、前記形状固定層に含まれるニットループが、全て同じ位置で形成されている、前記[1]に記載の立体編物。
[3]前記形状固定層において、1ウェール以上離れたニットループ同士がシンカーループで連結されている、前記[1]又は[2]に記載の立体編物。
[4]前記形状固定層がデンビー編みである、前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[5]前記表層の編地に含まれる全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する糸の繊度の合計が100dtex以上1000dtex以下である、前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[6]前記表層の編地に含まれる全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する糸の繊度の合計が250dtex以上1000dtex以下である、前記[5]に記載の立体編物。
[7]前記表層の編地に含まれるニットループのうち、連結糸を含む全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する連結糸以外の繊度を、連結糸の繊度で除して得られる値が2.8以上である、前記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[8]前記表層の編地に含まれるニットループのうち、連結糸を含む全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する連結糸以外の繊度を、連結糸の繊度で除して得られる値が3.0以上である、前記[7]に記載の立体編物。
[9]前記表層の編地の、下記算出式:
編目緻密度M=N×√D
{式中、Nは、2.54cm角あたりの表層編地の編目数(個)であり、そしてDは、表層の編地の1個の編目を形成する繊維の総繊度(dtex)である。}によって算出される編目緻密度が11500以上20000以下である、前記[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[10]前記立体編物の経方向に10kgの引張荷重を10分間かけた時の定荷重セット率が3%以下である、前記[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[11]前記立体編物の、連結層から表側の編地に向かって透過する通気度が33cc/cm2/sec以上である、前記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[12]前記表層の編地及び前記裏層の編地の少なくとも一方に熱融着糸が含まれる、前記[1]~[11]のいずれかに記載の立体編物。
[13]前記[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の立体編物を含み、かつ、前記表層の編地を室内側とする、車両用内装材。
[14]座席シート用表皮材である、前記[13]に記載の車両用内装材。
本発明の一実施形態は、表層の編地、裏層の編地、及び該表層の編地と該裏層の編地とを連結する連結糸を含む立体編物であって、該表層の編地に、該立体編物の最も外側に位置する表面層と、該表面層よりも立体編物の内側に位置し、かつ、該表面層に含まれるニットループと同じ位置で形成されるニットループを含む形状固定層とを含み、かつ、仕上後の編地密度が30コース/インチ以上64コース/インチ以下の密度であり、かつ、該形状固定層に含まれるニットループ数に対する、該表面層に含まれるニットループ数の割合(A)が、80%超100%以下であることを特徴とする、立体編物である。
前記立体編物は、ダブルラッセル経編機やダブル丸編機によって編成され、編成する編地の密度は任意に設定できるが、仕上後の編地密度が30コース/インチ以上64コース/インチ以下であり、35コース/インチ以上50コース/インチ以下であることが好ましい。仕上後の編地密度が30コース/インチ以上64コース/インチ以下であることで、車両用内装材として好適な触感を実現することができるとともに、着座時に好適な通気度を得ることができる。
前記編地密度を実現するため、使用する編機のゲージは14~32ゲージが用いられ、18~28ゲージが好ましく用いられる。また、編成時の機上コース密度は任意に設定できるが、仕上後の編地密度を上記の好ましい範囲に調整する観点から、ダブルラッセル編機の場合29コース/インチ以上40コース/インチ以下の密度に編成されることが好ましく、33コース/インチ以上40コース/インチ以下の密度に編成されることがより好ましい。29コース/インチ以上だと編目がルーズとならず、耐摩耗性が向上する。一方で40コース/インチ以下になると編成中に編針からループが抜けやすくなり、編成が容易になる。
尚、表層の編地と裏層の編地に用いる繊維がマルチフィラメントである場合、その単糸繊度は1dtex以上6dtex以下が好ましいが、単糸の強力がより高くなる3dtex以上6dtex以下がより好ましい。
編目緻密度M=N×√D
{式中、Nは、2.54cm角あたりの表層編地の編目数(個)であり、そしてDは、表層の編地の1個の編目を形成する繊維の総繊度(dtex)である。}によって算出される編目緻密度が11500以上20000以下であることが好ましい。
ここで、「表層の編地の1個の編目を形成する繊維の総繊度(dtex)」とは、連結糸の繊度を除外すると共に、挿入編み等の編目を形成しない繊維を除外した、編目を形成する繊維のみの総繊度を指す。
より突起物による毛羽立ちを抑え、清涼感、蒸れ感をより良好にする観点から、表層編地の編目緻密度の好ましい範囲は13000以上19000以下であり、より好ましくは14000以上19000以下である。
以下、実施例等において用いた立体編物の各種物性の測定方法は以下の通りのものであった。
立体編物の緯方向を幅方向、経方向を長さ方向として、幅100mm×長さ100mmの試験片を採取し、形状固定層と表面層のループを数え、下記算出式にて算出する。測定は3カ所行い、平均値を求める。
立体編物の緯方向を幅方向、経方向を長さ方向として、幅80mm×長さ250mmの試験片を採取し、該試験片の幅方向及び長さ方向の中央部に、長さ方向に100mmの標線を引いた。大栄科学精器製作所製の定荷重伸び試験機FLM-3Mに前記試験片を取り付け、試験片の長さ方向にかかる合計の引張荷重が10kgになるように分銅を取り付ける。10分間10kgの引張荷重をかけた後に試験片を取り外し、水平台上で10分間静置させた後、そのままの状態で標線の長さを測定し、以下の式:
立体編物の緯方向を幅方向、経方向を長さ方向として、幅80mm×長さ250mmの試験片を採取し、該試験片の中心から、長さ方向に2.5cm離れた2点と、幅方向に2.5cm離れた2点に印を付けた。大栄科学精器製作所製の定荷重伸び試験機FLM-3Mに前記試験片を取り付け、試験片の長さ方向にかかる合計の荷重が10kgになるように分銅を取り付ける。10分間10kgの引張荷重をかけた後、そのままの状態で長さ方向の印間の長さと巾方向の印間の長さを測定し、以下の式:
高山リード社製の通気性試験機FX3300ラボエアーIVを用い、試験片サイズ15cm角の立体編物の表層の編地を下側にして通気性試験機の開口部に置き、裏層の編地の外側面に厚さ3mm、20cm角のシリコンラバープレートを重ね、その上から通気性試験機のテストヘッドを押し当ててクランプで固定し、JIS L1096通気性試験方法(A法)に準じた吸引条件で、立体編物の4辺の断面の連結層から入り表側編地を透過する通気度を測定する。
高山リード社製の通気性試験機FX3300ラボエアーIVを用い、JIS L1096通気性試験方法(A法)に準じて立体編物の裏層の編地から表層の編地に透過する通気度を測定する。
大栄科学精器製作所製の平面摩耗試験機を用い、試験片サイズ幅8cm、長さ31cmの立体編物を、表層の編地を上側にして平面摩耗試験機の平面摩耗台に置いて両端をクランプで固定する。次に、クラレファスニング社製のマジックテープ(登録商標)A8693Y.71(長さ5cm)を、フック側を外側にして摩擦子に貼り付ける。摩擦子を含めて押圧荷重を9.8N、ストロークを14cm、速度を60±10往復/minとして、摩擦子を試験片の上に乗せて、往復5回の摩耗試験を行う。試験片は立体編物のタテ方向およびヨコ方向から採取して測定し、試験後に試験片の表面の摩耗状態を観察し、以下の等級判定を行う。判定は0.5級きざみで行う。
5級:毛羽立ちが認められない
4級:毛羽立ちがわずかに認められる
3級:毛羽立ちが明らかに認められるが、糸切れは目立たない
2級:毛羽立ちがやや著しく、糸切れや糸の引き出されがある
1級:毛羽立ちが著しく、外観異常が激しい
JASOM403 A法(テーバーロータリーアブレッサ法)に準じ、テーバー型摩耗試験機を用い、CS-10の摩耗輪により荷重500g、速度70rpmで1000回摩耗する。試験後に試験片の表面の摩耗状態を観察し、以下の等級判定を行う。判定は0.5級きざみで行う。
5級:表面状態に変化がない
4級:やや毛羽立ちがある
3級:毛羽立ちが多い
2級:毛羽立ちが多く糸が細くなっている
1級:糸切れがある。
ASTM 3884-9法(回転プラットフォーム ダブルヘッド法)に準じ、テーバー型摩耗試験機を用い、CS-10の摩耗輪により荷重1000g、速度72rpmで1000回摩耗する。試験後に試験片の表面の摩耗状態を観察し、JASOM403 A法に準じ、以下の等級判定を行う。判定は0.5級きざみで行う。
5級:表面状態に変化がない
4級:やや毛羽立ちがある
3級:毛羽立ちが多い
2級:毛羽立ちが多く糸が細くなっている
1級:糸切れがある。
15cm角にサンプルを採取し、温度20℃湿度65%の恒温恒湿室にて8時間以上調湿する。
被験者を10人選定し、前記恒温恒湿室にて目隠しをした状態で親指を除く4本の指で上下に擦る動作で生地を触り、以下の基準にて判定を行い、0.5級きざみで判定を行う。被験者10名の平均値を成績とする。
5級:強く心地よさを感じる
4級:少し心地よさを感じる
3級:心地よくも不快でもない
2級:少し不快さを感じる
1級:強く不快さを感じる
6枚筬を装備した22ゲージ、釜間6mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、2枚の筬(L1、L2)から167dtex48フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸を2本引き揃えて1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から84dtex24フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から110dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントを1イン1アウト(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から110dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸をいずれもオールインの配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを35コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0111/2122/5444/3433//(1イン1アウト)
L2:4544/4333/1011/1222//(1アウト1イン)
L3:0111/2111/1011/1211//(オールイン)
L4:3410/3245/2145/2310//(1アウト1イン)
L5:1110/1112//(オールイン)
L6:1123/2210//(オールイン)
L1、L2、L3、L4の組織を下記に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0111/3222/0111/3222//(1イン1アウト)
L2:2322/1011/2322/1011//(1アウト1イン)
L3:1211/1011/1211/1011//(オールイン)
L4:3410/4367/3410/4367//(1イン1アウト)
L3の組織を下記に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L3:0111/3222/1011/2322//(オールイン)
L3の組織を下記に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L3:0111/4333/1011/3433//(オールイン)
6枚筬を装備した18ゲージ、釜間6mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、表層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L1、L2)から222dtex72フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸を2本引き揃えて1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から110dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から110dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントを1イン1アウト(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から110dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸をいずれもオールインの配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを29コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が31コース/インチ、20ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0111/2122/5444/3433//(1イン1アウト)
L2:4544/4333/1011/1222//(1アウト1イン)
L3:0111/2111/1011/1211//(オールイン)
L4:3410/3245/2145/2310//(1アウト1イン)
L5:1110/1112//(オールイン)
L6:1123/2210//(オールイン)
6枚筬を装備した28ゲージ、釜間3mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、表層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L1、L2)から56dtex18フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸を2本引き揃えて1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から56dtex18フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から60dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントを1イン1アウト(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から56dtex18フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸を2本引き揃えていずれもオールインの配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを40コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が42コース/インチ、30ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0111/2122/5444/3433//(1イン1アウト)
L2:4544/4333/1011/1222//(1アウト1イン)
L3:0111/2111/1011/1211//(オールイン)
L4:3410/3245/2145/2310//(1アウト1イン)
L5:1110/1112//(オールイン)
L6:1123/2210//(オールイン)
L3の糸を84dtex24フィラメントの低融点ポリエステル糸(KBセーレン社製のベルカップル(登録商標))に変更したこと、及びヒートセット条件を190℃×1分に変更こと以外は実施例1と同様にして、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
L1L2の糸抜き配列を下記に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0111/2122/5444/3433//(1イン1アウト×4リピート+2アウト)
L2:4544/4333/1011/1222//(1アウト1イン×4リピート+2アウト)
6枚筬を装備した22ゲージ、釜間6mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、表層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L1、L2)から167dtex48フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸を2本引き揃えて1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から110dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントを1イン1アウト(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から110dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚加工糸をいずれもオールインの配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを35コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が37コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:1011/1222/4544/4333//(1イン1アウト)
L2:4544/4333/1011/1222//(1アウト1イン)
L3:糸供給しない
L4:3410/3245/2145/2310//(1イン1アウト)
L5:1110/1112//(オールイン)
L6:1123/2210//(オールイン)
6枚筬を装備した22ゲージ、釜間1.8mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、2枚の筬(L1、L2)から84dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸を3イン1アウト(L1、L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から84dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から33dtex12フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールイン(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から84tex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを32コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が34コース/インチ、24ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:0000/0000/0100/0100//(3イン1アウト)
L2:0100/0100/0000/0000//(3イン1アウト)
L3:3433/1011//(オールイン)
L4:0112/2110//(オールイン)
L5:0111/1000//(オールイン)
L6:1011/3433//(オールイン)
6枚筬を装備した9ゲージ、釜間12mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、2枚の筬(L1、L2)から833dtex192フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の捲縮加工糸を1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から250dtex72フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から667dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントをオールイン(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から833dtex192フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の捲縮加工糸を1イン1アウト(L5)と1アウト1イン(L6)の配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを11コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が13コース/インチ、11ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
(編組織)
L1:1011/1211/1011/2322/2122/2322//(1イン1アウト)
L2:2322/2122/2322/1011/1211/1011//(1アウト1イン)
L3:1011//(オールイン)
L4:2110/1223//(オールイン)
L5:1011/1211/1011/2322/2122/2322//(1イン1アウト)
L6:2322/2122/2322/1011/1211/1011//(1アウト1イン)
6枚筬を装備した18ゲージ、釜間15mmのダブルラッセル編機を用い、2枚の筬(L1、L2)から222dtex60フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸を1イン1アウト(L1)と1アウト1イン(L2)の配列で供給し、形状固定層を形成する1枚の筬(L3)から110dtex36フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の仮撚り加工糸をオールインの配列で供給し、連結部を形成する1枚の筬(L4)から333dtexのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)のモノフィラメントをオールイン(L4)の配列で供給し、更に、裏層の編地を形成する2枚の筬(L5、L6)から222dtex60フィラメントのポリエチレンテレフタレート繊維(黒原着糸)の捲縮加工糸を1イン1アウト(L5)と1アウト1イン(L6)の配列で供給した。
以下に示す編組織で、機上コースを24コース/2.54cmとして立体編物の生機を編成した。得られた生機を5%幅出しして、オーバーフィード率0%、180℃×1分で乾熱ヒートセットし、仕上後の編地密度が26コース/インチ、20ウェール/インチの立体編物を得た。
L1:1011/1211/1011/2322/2122/2322//(1イン1アウト)
L2:2322/2122/2322/1011/1211/1011//(1アウト1イン)
L3:1211/1011//(オールイン)
L4:4554/3210/0123//(オールイン)
L5:1000/0111//(1イン1アウト)
L6:3433/1011//(1アウト1イン)
これに対し、比較例1、2では、形状固定層がない、又は形状固定層に含まれるニットループ数に対する、表面層に含まれるニットループ数の割合(A)が75%であることにより、ASTM規格の耐テーバー摩耗性に劣り、かつ引張荷重時の編目崩れも大きいものであった。さらに、比較例3では、仕上げ後の編地密度が低く、かつ強度維持のために過剰に太い糸を用いているためASTM規格の耐テーバー摩耗性及び耐スクラッチ性は良好であるものの、触感が不快となり引張荷重時の編目崩れも大きいものであった。また、比較例4では、仕上げ後の編地密度が低く、触感は良好であるもの、ASTM規格の耐テーバー摩耗性及び耐スクラッチ性に劣り、かつ引張荷重時の編目崩れも大きいものであった。
Claims (14)
- 表層の編地、裏層の編地、及び該表層の編地と該裏層の編地とを連結する連結糸を含む立体編物であって、該表層の編地に、該立体編物の最も外側に位置する表面層と、該表面層よりも立体編物の内側に位置し、かつ、該表面層に含まれるニットループと同じ位置で形成されるニットループを含む形状固定層とを含み、かつ、仕上後の編地密度が30コース/インチ以上64コース/インチ以下の密度であり、かつ、該形状固定層に含まれるニットループ数に対する、該表面層に含まれるニットループ数の割合(A)が、80%超100%以下であることを特徴とする、立体編物。
- 前記表面層に含まれるニットループと、前記形状固定層に含まれるニットループが、全て同じ位置で形成されている、請求項1に記載の立体編物。
- 前記形状固定層において、1ウェール以上離れたニットループ同士がシンカーループで連結されている、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記形状固定層がデンビー編みである、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地に含まれる全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する糸の繊度の合計が100dtex以上1000dtex以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地に含まれる全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する糸の繊度の合計が250dtex以上1000dtex以下である、請求項5に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地に含まれるニットループのうち、連結糸を含む全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する連結糸以外の繊度を、連結糸の繊度で除して得られる値が2.8以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地に含まれるニットループのうち、連結糸を含む全てのニットループにおいて、それぞれのニットループを形成する連結糸以外の繊度を、連結糸の繊度で除して得られる値が3.0以上である、請求項7に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地の、下記算出式:
編目緻密度M=N×√D
{式中、Nは、2.54cm角あたりの表層編地の編目数(個)であり、そしてDは、表層の編地の1個の編目を形成する繊維の総繊度(dtex)である。}によって算出される編目緻密度が11500以上20000以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。 - 前記立体編物の経方向に10kgの引張荷重を10分間かけた時の定荷重セット率が3%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記立体編物の、連結層から表側の編地に向かって透過する通気度が33cc/cm2/sec以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 前記表層の編地及び前記裏層の編地の少なくとも一方に熱融着糸が含まれる、請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の立体編物を含み、かつ、前記表層の編地及び前記裏層の編地のうち、前記表層の編地を室内側とする、車両用内装材。
- 座席シート用表皮材である、請求項13に記載の車両用内装材。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10195757A (ja) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-28 | Unitika Ltd | 軽量嵩高編物の製造方法 |
| WO2007097363A1 (ja) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Asahi Kasei Fibers Corporation | 立体編物 |
| JP2014185419A (ja) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-10-02 | Kuraray Trading Co Ltd | 液体保持材 |
| JP2016084550A (ja) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-19 | セーレン株式会社 | 畝状ダブルラッセル編地 |
| JP2018040082A (ja) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-15 | セーレン株式会社 | 立体経編地 |
| WO2022202815A1 (ja) | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | 旭化成株式会社 | 表皮材 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007097363A (ja) | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-12 | Jtekt Corp | 油圧用ブラシレスモータの制御方法および制御装置 |
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- 2024-03-08 WO PCT/JP2024/009193 patent/WO2024190707A1/ja not_active Ceased
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10195757A (ja) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-28 | Unitika Ltd | 軽量嵩高編物の製造方法 |
| WO2007097363A1 (ja) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Asahi Kasei Fibers Corporation | 立体編物 |
| JP2014185419A (ja) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-10-02 | Kuraray Trading Co Ltd | 液体保持材 |
| JP2016084550A (ja) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-19 | セーレン株式会社 | 畝状ダブルラッセル編地 |
| JP2018040082A (ja) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-15 | セーレン株式会社 | 立体経編地 |
| WO2022202815A1 (ja) | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | 旭化成株式会社 | 表皮材 |
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| JPWO2024190707A1 (ja) | 2024-09-19 |
| EP4678798A1 (en) | 2026-01-14 |
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