WO2024146378A1 - Three-dimensional cultivation system, cultivation method and dehumidification device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional cultivation system, a cultivation method and a dehumidification device. The three-dimensional cultivation system provided by the present invention comprises a cultivation rack, wherein the cultivation rack is divided into at least two cultivation layers in a vertical direction by means of at least two cultivation plates; and several ventilation units penetrating the cultivation plates and several humidity sensors for monitoring the humidity of the cultivation layers are provided on the cultivation plates. In the present invention, the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system is obtained by means of the humidity sensor, and a humidity control scheme is selected in combination with the humidity requirement of plants. The humidity control scheme provided in the present invention not only controls the humidity in a single cultivation layer, but also involves the environmental connectivity and interaction between multiple layers of plants in the vertical direction. During control of the environmental humidity in the single cultivation layer, in the process of the ventilation units transferring moisture from one cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, it is possible to not only control the environmental humidity of the cultivation layers, but also promote the circulation of an airflow below the plant canopy layer.

Description

A three-dimensional cultivation system, cultivation method and dehumidification device Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of plant factories, and in particular to a three-dimensional cultivation system, a cultivation method and a dehumidification device.

Background technique

As the highest level of facility agriculture production method at present, plant factory is a highly specialized and modern facility agriculture developed after greenhouse cultivation. Plant factory using multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system can carry out layered cultivation by means of scaffolding without affecting plane cultivation, making full use of space and increasing the yield per unit area of cultivated land. Therefore, the research on multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system has become the research focus in the field of plant factory technology in recent years.

For example, a Chinese patent with publication number CN114747396A discloses a multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system for a plant factory, as shown in Figure 1 of the specification, comprising two relatively arranged cultivation racks and a plurality of cultivation trays, the cultivation racks being provided with multi-layer cultivation grids, a plurality of walking grooves being provided on the opposite side of the cultivation racks, the walking grooves at the same height being slidably connected with a transport trolley; walking wheels are installed on the left and right sides of the transport trolley, an electromagnet suction strip driven to slide by a linear motor is provided on the upper end of the transport trolley, and magnetic suction sheets are provided on the four sides of the cultivation tray; a mounting frame is provided on the front side of the cultivation rack, two relatively arranged lifting conveyor belts are provided in the mounting frame, a plurality of support strips are provided on the outer side of the lifting conveyor belts, a driving motor for driving the lifting conveyor belts to move is installed in the mounting frame, a plurality of first electric push-pull rods are installed on the front side of the mounting frame, and a first electromagnet push-pull strip is provided at the rear end of the first electric push-pull rod.

For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN113141921A discloses a movable three-dimensional multi-layer cultivation system for a plant factory, which relates to the field of plant cultivation technology. The technical solution provided by the patent includes a fixed plate, the lower end face of the fixed plate is threadedly connected to the upper end face of the support plate, the lower end face of the support plate is threadedly connected to the angle steel, one end of the roller is welded and installed on both sides of the angle steel, and the other end of the roller is clamped and installed on both ends of the connecting rod, and the surrounding side of the connecting rod is staggered with X-axis rollers and Y-axis rollers, a plant box is installed inside the fixed plate, a lifter is welded and installed on the front end face of the fixed plate, and irrigation devices are installed on the lower ends of both sides of the fixed plate.

For example, a Chinese patent with publication number CN115281003A discloses a three-dimensional multi-layer cultivation facility and a planting box thereof, which belongs to the field of vegetable planting technology, and includes a frame-type support frame with beams and columns, and the support frame is provided with multiple planting layers for placing planting boxes in the height direction, and the beams and/or A water storage pipe is arranged on the column along its length direction, and a drip irrigation pipe is arranged on the support frame around the planting layer. The drip irrigation pipe is connected with the water storage pipe. The drip irrigation pipe and/or the water storage pipe are connected with a drip irrigation branch pipe for connecting to the planting box. The height of the water storage pipe is higher than the height of the planting box, and the drip irrigation branch pipe is provided with an on-off switch.

However, the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system has many layers and a high height, which leads to the problem of uneven distribution of the cultivation area environment in the height direction.

The relative humidity of the air in the plant factory determines the water vapor pressure difference between the plant canopy and the surrounding air, affecting the evaporation of the plant leaves. Relative humidity directly affects the transpiration of crops in the facility, which in turn affects the photosynthetic intensity and causes high humidity diseases. When the relative humidity is low, the evaporation of crop leaves is large. In severe cases, it leads to insufficient water supply to the roots, reduced water content in the crop body, cell atrophy, reduced stomatal rate, and reduced photosynthetic products. When the relative humidity is high, the evaporation of crop leaves is small. In severe cases, there is too much water in the plant body, causing the stems and leaves to swell, affecting the yield, and being prone to high humidity diseases. Different plant varieties and different growth stages have their own suitable air humidity ranges.

The ventilation rate of the greenhouse is high, and the excess moisture in the greenhouse can generally be discharged outdoors in time, which is not easy to cause a high humidity environment. However, if the ventilation rate is reduced to maintain the room temperature, the relative humidity in the room will rise. The traditional dehumidification method is to place the air conditioner in one position, which leads to uneven humidity distribution and difficulty in convection to reach the canopy, making it difficult for moisture to move in time.

In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology.

Summary of the invention

The multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system has many layers and a high height. When cultivating plants, the humidity in the cultivation area often increases due to the transpiration of the plants and the volatilization of the nutrient solution. In addition, due to the heating of the lighting source and the respiration of the plants, the temperature in the cultivation area is higher than the temperature outside the cultivation area, thus forming warm and humid air currents in the cultivation area. Since warm and humid air currents rise under natural conditions, the humidity increases with the increase of height when cultivating plants in the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system.

When the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system is used to cultivate plants, the environmental humidity of the cultivation area is unevenly distributed in the height direction. Therefore, when adjusting the environmental humidity of the cultivation area in the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system, it is necessary to Targeted dehumidification of plants at different layers.

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a cultivation method from a first aspect. The cultivation method comprises:

Determine the variety of the plant to be cultivated, the three-dimensional cultivation system, the growth stage of the plant, and the humidity suitable for the plant at that growth stage;

Planting plants into each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system;

Determine the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system;

Select a humidity control scheme based on the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the plant at this growth stage;

The growth of the cultivated plants is carried out according to the humidity regulation scheme during the growth stage and the humidity regulation scheme is re-determined when the growth stage changes.

Preferably, the present invention determines the humidity requirements of plants cultivated in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system by determining the plant variety and the growth stage of the plant, and by determining the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, dehumidifies different cultivation layers in a targeted manner, so that the humidity of each cultivation layer can promote the growth of the plant.

According to a preferred embodiment, when the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, the plants are cultivated preferentially according to their humidity requirements, so that the plants are regularly distributed in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system.

Preferably, under natural conditions, the moisture volatilized into the air due to the transpiration of the plant, the volatilization of the nutrient solution, etc. is transferred upward, so that the humidity of the cultivation layer increases with the increase of the height of the cultivation layer. Preferably, when performing multi-layer plant cultivation, the plants can be cultivated in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system according to the difference in humidity requirements of plants of different varieties and/or different growth stages, so that the plants are distributed in a certain pattern in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system according to the humidity requirements. Preferably, the plants can be arranged in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system in such a way that the humidity requirements increase with the increase of the height of the cultivation layer, thereby reducing the difference between the environmental humidity of each cultivation layer and the humidity requirements of the plants, thereby reducing the difficulty of humidity regulation, and the environmental humidity of the cultivation layer can be adjusted to the humidity requirements required for plant growth more quickly.

Preferably, the distribution of plants in the vertical direction of the stereoscopic cultivation system may be divided according to a certain rule of humidity requirements of the plant canopy, or the humidity requirements of the plant canopy and the bottom layer of the upper plants are different.

According to a preferred embodiment, the humidity regulation scheme includes: when there are both cultivation layers with an ambient humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement and cultivation layers with an ambient humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement in the stereoscopic cultivation system, the water in the cultivation layer with an ambient humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement is transferred to the cultivation layer with an ambient humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement. When there is only a cultivation layer with an ambient humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement in the stereoscopic cultivation system, the water in the cultivation layer with an ambient humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement is recycled. Preferably, the present invention connects the plant growth environments of each cultivation layer, and when regulating the humidity of the plant growth environment, water can be transferred from the part with an ambient humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement to the part with an ambient humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement, thereby improving the water utilization efficiency of the stereoscopic cultivation system.

According to a preferred embodiment, the cultivation method further comprises: in the process of cultivating the plants, adjusting the cultivation layer where the plants are located according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plants.

Preferably, during the process of cultivating plants, when the humidity requirement of the plants changes, the present invention can also transfer the plants to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plants, thereby completing the humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

According to a preferred embodiment, during the process of cultivating plants, the growth stage of the plants is monitored. When the growth stage changes, the humidity suitable for the plants in the corresponding growth stage is re-determined, and the humidity adjustment scheme and/or the cultivation layer where the plants are located are re-determined.

Preferably, during the process of cultivating plants, the growth stage of the plants is continuously monitored, so that when the humidity demand of the plants changes due to changes in the growth stage, the environmental humidity of the plants is adjusted in time to ensure that the humidity of the environment in which the plants are located can promote their growth and development.

The present invention also provides a three-dimensional cultivation system from a second aspect. The three-dimensional cultivation system includes a cultivation rack. The cultivation rack is divided into at least two cultivation layers in the vertical direction by at least two cultivation plates for providing plant cultivation areas. The cultivation plates are provided with a plurality of ventilation units penetrating the cultivation plates and a humidity sensor for monitoring the humidity of the cultivation layers. The ventilation units and the humidity sensors are electrically connected to a control unit. The control unit obtains the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system through the humidity sensor and selects a humidity adjustment scheme in combination with the humidity requirements of the plants. The control unit controls the operation of the ventilation unit according to the adjustment scheme, and transfers the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer to adjust the humidity of the cultivation layer.

The multi-layer planting mode of the three-dimensional cultivation system results in the plants in each cultivation layer being distributed close to each other in the vertical direction. The environment of the plant rhizosphere and canopy in a single cultivation layer will inevitably be affected by the adjacent cultivation layer. In the process of cultivating plants, the stability of the plant growth environment is the key to ensuring the plant An important factor of quality.

Preferably, the humidity regulation scheme provided by the three-dimensional cultivation system provided by the present invention when regulating the humidity of the plant growth environment is not only to regulate the humidity in a single cultivation layer, but also involves the environmental connectivity and interactivity between multiple layers of plants in the vertical direction. Preferably, when regulating the environmental humidity in a single cultivation layer, the control unit can transfer the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer through a ventilation unit. Preferably, in the process of transferring the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, the ventilation unit not only achieves the regulation of the environmental humidity of the cultivation layer, but also promotes the circulation of airflow in the part below the plant canopy. Preferably, the present invention promotes the circulation of airflow below the plant canopy while regulating the humidity of the cultivation layer, which can not only migrate the high-humidity and high-temperature air trapped on the surface of the leaves to maintain the normal transpiration of the plants, but also supplement the carbon dioxide in the area below the plant canopy to increase the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants, thereby promoting plant growth.

According to a preferred embodiment, the stereoscopic cultivation system further comprises an image acquisition device for acquiring plant images and electrically connecting the image acquisition device to the control unit. The control unit analyzes the plant images acquired by the image acquisition device to determine the growth stage of the plant, and further determines the humidity suitable for the plant at the growth stage. When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit re-determines the humidity adjustment scheme.

Preferably, the control unit analyzes the plant image captured by the image acquisition device to determine the growth stage of the plant. After determining the growth stage of the plant, the control unit can access pre-stored data on the growth humidity requirements of the plant at different growth stages to determine the humidity requirements of the plant at the growth stage. Preferably, after determining that the humidity requirements of the plant have changed, the control unit adjusts the environmental humidity of the plant to ensure that the humidity of the plant's environment can promote its growth and development.

According to a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional cultivation system further comprises a dehumidification device arranged on the side wall of the cultivation layer and connected to the control unit by electrical signals. The control unit controls the operation of the dehumidification device according to the adjustment scheme to absorb moisture in the cultivation layer, thereby adjusting the humidity of the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the dehumidification device comprises an air inlet and an air outlet connected by a condensation pipe. Preferably, when the dehumidification device is in operation, an airflow is generated that flows in from the air inlet, passes through the condensation pipe, and flows out from the air outlet. Preferably, the airflow flowing into the air inlet absorbs the moisture in the cultivation layer into the dehumidification device, and the condensation pipe condenses the moisture in the airflow, so that the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device from the air outlet is reduced, thereby dehumidifying the cultivation layer.

According to a preferred embodiment, the cultivation plate is movably connected to the cultivation rack. When the plant growth stage changes, the control unit can send an instruction to move the plant with the changed growth stage to another cultivation layer. The three-dimensional cultivation system is equipped with a mobile mechanism or a third party to transfer the plants to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirements of the plants, thereby completing the humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

Preferably, the cultivation plate is movably connected to the cultivation rack through a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism is electrically connected to the control unit. When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit can send instructions to the moving mechanism to adjust the cultivation layer where the plant is located. Preferably, the moving mechanism can be a device such as an electric guide rail. Preferably, the cultivation plate is moved in the vertical direction of the cultivation rack through the moving mechanism. Preferably, when the humidity demand of the plant changes, the moving mechanism can transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity demand of the plant, thereby completing the humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

Preferably, the control unit can also be connected to a third party's electrical signal such as a handling robot or a smart terminal worn by a worker. After determining that the humidity requirement of the plant has changed, the control unit can send an instruction to the third party to transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plant, so that the third party can transfer the plant, thereby achieving humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

The present invention further provides a dehumidification device from a third aspect. Preferably, the dehumidification device includes an air inlet, an air outlet and a condensation duct. Preferably, the air inlet and the air outlet are connected by a condensation duct. Preferably, when the dehumidification device is in operation, an airflow is generated that flows in from the air inlet, passes through the condensation duct, and flows out from the air outlet. Preferably, the airflow flowing into the air inlet absorbs the moisture in the cultivation layer into the dehumidification device, and the condensation duct condenses the moisture in the airflow, so that the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device from the air outlet is reduced, thereby dehumidifying the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the dehumidification device is used to dehumidify the plant canopy. The dehumidification device includes: an air inlet arranged near the plant canopy, an air outlet arranged near the plant root system, a condensation pipe connecting the air inlet and the air outlet, and semiconductor refrigeration sheets arranged on both sides of the condensation pipe. The air inlet and the air outlet are equipped with fans; the dehumidification device uses the fan to generate an airflow that flows in from the air inlet, passes through the condensation pipe, and flows out from the air outlet. Preferably, the airflow flowing into the air inlet draws moisture near the plant canopy into the dehumidification device and condenses the moisture through the condensation pipe, so that the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the air outlet is reduced, thereby achieving dehumidification of the plant canopy.

According to a preferred embodiment, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged at the diagonal line of the same rectangular side of the dehumidification device, thereby increasing the flow range of the dehumidification airflow.

According to a preferred embodiment, the dehumidification device is connected to the frame of the multi-layer three-dimensional cultivation system through a connecting unit, the dehumidification device is arranged on the side wall of the cultivation layer and is electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit selects the humidity adjustment according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plant. Section program; cultivate the growth of plants in this growth stage according to the humidity regulation program and redefine the humidity regulation program when the growth stage changes.

The present invention also provides a control method for a three-dimensional cultivation system from a fourth aspect, the method comprising: determining the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system when the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system; selecting a humidity adjustment scheme according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the plant at this growth stage; cultivating the growth of the plant at this growth stage according to the humidity adjustment scheme and re-determining the humidity adjustment scheme when the growth stage changes.

According to a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises: monitoring the growth stage of the plants during the process of cultivating the plants; and when adjusting the ambient humidity in a single cultivation layer, the control unit transfers the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer through a ventilation unit.

According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is connected to the transport robot by electrical signals; after determining that the humidity requirement of the plant has changed, the control unit can send an instruction to the transport robot to transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plant, so that the transport robot transports the plant, thereby achieving humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system of a plant factory disclosed in the prior art;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of simplified module connection relationships of a dehumidification device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of simplified module connection relationships of a dehumidification device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a communication schematic diagram of a cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a simplified schematic diagram of a cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic diagram of a cultivation plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals list
101: cultivation rack; 102: cultivation board; 103: ventilation unit; 104: humidity sensor;
105: control unit; 106: image acquisition device; 107: dehumidification device; 109: connection unit; 110: control module; 111: fan; 112: semiconductor cooling plate; 113: air inlet; 114: air outlet; 115: condensation duct; 116: drain outlet; 117: shell.

Detailed ways

The following is a detailed description with reference to Figures 1 to 6.

Example 1

In a plant factory using a multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system as shown in Figure 1, the source of moisture in the air is mainly the transpiration of plants. That is, if a dehumidification device that directly acts on the plant canopy can be invented, the air humidity of the planting environment in the plant factory can be directly adjusted in the area close to the moisture source to a great extent.

The present embodiment provides a dehumidification device 107. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, preferably, the dehumidification device 107 may include an air inlet 113, an air outlet 114 and a condensation duct 115. Preferably, the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are connected by a condensation duct 115. Preferably, when the dehumidification device 107 is in operation, an airflow is generated that flows in from the air inlet 113, passes through the condensation duct 115, and then flows out from the air outlet 114. Preferably, the airflow flowing into the air inlet 113 absorbs the moisture in the cultivation layer into the dehumidification device 107, and the condensation duct 115 condenses the moisture in the airflow, so that the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device 107 from the air outlet 114 is reduced, thereby dehumidifying the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the dehumidifier 107 is provided with a shell 117 to accommodate the air inlet 113, the air outlet 114 and the condensation duct 115. Preferably, the shell 117 is arranged in a rectangular shape. Preferably, the condensation duct 115 is arranged in a curved manner to increase the length of the duct and is laid into a plane. Preferably, the dehumidifier 107 also includes semiconductor refrigeration sheets 112 arranged on both sides of the condensation duct 115. Preferably, the semiconductor refrigeration sheets 112 cover the condensation duct 115. Preferably, the condensation duct 115 is arranged in a curved manner to increase the length of the duct in the area of the semiconductor refrigeration sheets 112, thereby increasing the condensation time of the condensation duct 115 on the moisture in the airflow to improve the condensation effect.

Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 is provided with a fan 111 in the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114, and the fan 111 is electrically connected to the control module 110 configured for the dehumidification device 107. Preferably, when the control module 110 receives a dehumidification instruction, the control module 110 starts the fan 111 to generate an airflow that flows in from the air inlet 113, passes through the condensation pipe 115, and flows out from the air outlet 114 to dehumidify the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the air inlet 113 is arranged near the plant canopy, so that the airflow generated by the dehumidification device 107 to dehumidify the cultivation layer can directly act near the plant canopy, thereby absorbing moisture in the cultivation layer in the area with the highest humidity in the plant planting environment, thereby improving the dehumidification efficiency.

Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 is also provided with a drain port 116 at the air outlet 114. Preferably, the water condensed by the condensation pipe 115 can flow back to the culture matrix of the plant through the drain port 116, or flow to the recovery device, so as to save the cultivation water. For plant factories in arid areas such as deserts where there is a lack of arable land, saving water is very important.

When the dehumidifier 107 is in operation, the air flows from the air inlet 113, passes through the condensation pipe 115, and then flows out from the air outlet 114. After entering the cultivation layer, the air flows from the air inlet 113 into the dehumidifier 107, thereby forming a circulating dehumidified airflow. Preferably, the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are arranged alternately. Preferably, the air inlet 113 and the air outlet 114 are arranged at the diagonal of the same rectangular side of the dehumidifier 107, thereby increasing the flow range of the dehumidified airflow, increasing the impact of the circulating airflow on the moisture in the cultivation layer, promoting the migration of moisture in the air, and thus improving the dehumidification efficiency of the dehumidifier 107.

Preferably, the air outlet 114 is arranged near the root system of the plant. After the relatively dry dehumidified air flows out of the air outlet 114 , it can flow between the plant roots and then flow into the air inlet 113 through the plant canopy.

When plants are densely planted, the parts below the canopy are often blocked by the plants, resulting in poor ventilation between leaves, which leads to the retention of high-humidity and high-temperature air on the leaf surface, causing the transpiration of the plants to decrease or even stop, making it difficult for the plants to transport calcium ions to the leaves, thereby inducing diseases such as heartburn. Due to the photosynthesis of plants, the carbon dioxide near the leaves is constantly consumed, and due to the lack of airflow below the canopy, the carbon dioxide near the leaves cannot be replenished, thereby reducing the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants and affecting plant growth.

Preferably, the dehumidified airflow flowing out of the air outlet 114 can promote the airflow below the plant canopy. In particular, when plants are densely planted and the canopy is lush, the dehumidified airflow flowing out of the air outlet 114 can not only move the high-humidity and high-temperature air trapped on the surface of the leaves to maintain the normal transpiration of the plants, but also replenish the carbon dioxide in the area below the plant canopy to increase the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants, thereby promoting plant growth.

Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 is further provided with a connection unit 109. Preferably, the connection unit 109 can be connected to the frame of the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system as shown in FIG1 by means of magnetic attraction, riveting, etc., so as to adjust the humidity in the corresponding cultivation layer.

Example 2

This embodiment is a further improvement on Embodiment 1, and the repeated contents will not be repeated here.

This embodiment provides a three-dimensional cultivation system. The three-dimensional cultivation system includes a cultivation rack 101. Referring to Figures 4 to 6, preferably, the cultivation rack 101 is divided into at least two cultivation layers in the vertical direction by at least two cultivation plates 102 for providing plant cultivation areas. The number of cultivation layers of the three-dimensional cultivation system is usually between several layers and dozens of layers. Preferably, the three-dimensional cultivation system in this embodiment can be set to three The cultivation rack 101 is preferably divided into three cultivation layers in the vertical direction by three cultivation plates 102 for providing plant cultivation areas. Preferably, each cultivation plate 102 is provided with a plurality of ventilation units 103 penetrating the cultivation plate 102 and a humidity sensor 104 for monitoring the humidity of the cultivation layer. The ventilation units 103 and the humidity sensors 104 are electrically connected to the control unit 105. The control unit 105 obtains the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system through the humidity sensor 104 and selects a humidity adjustment scheme in combination with the humidity requirements of the plant. The control unit 105 controls the operation of the ventilation unit 103 according to the adjustment scheme, and transfers the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer to adjust the humidity of the cultivation layer. Preferably, the ventilation unit 103 can be a ventilation fan penetrating the cultivation plate 102. Preferably, the ventilation fan can generate an airflow to the bottom or top of the cultivation plate 102 by changing the direction of rotation.

Preferably, the three-dimensional cultivation system further comprises a dehumidification device 107 disposed on the side wall of the cultivation layer and electrically connected to the control unit 105. The control unit 105 controls the operation of the dehumidification device 107 according to the adjustment scheme to absorb moisture in the cultivation layer, thereby adjusting the humidity of the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the humidity adjustment scheme includes: a first dehumidification scheme for transferring moisture in a current cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, and a second dehumidification scheme for recovering moisture in the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the stereoscopic cultivation system further comprises an image acquisition device 106 for acquiring plant images and electrically connecting the image acquisition device 106 to the control unit 105. The control unit 105 analyzes the plant images acquired by the image acquisition device 106 to determine the growth stage of the plant, and further determines the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plant. When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit 105 re-determines the humidity adjustment scheme.

Preferably, the multi-layer planting mode of the three-dimensional cultivation system results in the plants in each cultivation layer being distributed close in the vertical direction, and the environment of the plant rhizosphere and canopy in a single cultivation layer will inevitably be affected by the adjacent cultivation layer. In the process of cultivating plants, the stability of the plant growth environment is an important factor in ensuring the quality of the plants.

Preferably, the humidity regulation scheme provided by the three-dimensional cultivation system provided by the present invention when regulating the humidity of the plant growth environment is not only to regulate the humidity in a single cultivation layer, but also involves the environmental connectivity and interactivity between multiple layers of plants in the vertical direction. Preferably, when regulating the environmental humidity in a single cultivation layer, the control unit 105 can transfer the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer through the ventilation unit 103. Preferably, in the process of transferring the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, the ventilation unit 103 not only achieves the regulation of the environmental humidity of the cultivation layer, but also promotes the airflow in the crown of the plant. Preferably, the present invention promotes the airflow below the plant canopy while regulating the humidity of the cultivation layer, which can not only move the high-humidity and high-temperature air trapped on the leaf surface to maintain the normal transpiration of the plant, thereby reducing the probability of plant disease, but also replenish the carbon dioxide in the area below the plant canopy to increase the photosynthesis efficiency of the plant, thereby promoting plant growth.

Preferably, the control unit 105 analyzes the plant image captured by the image acquisition device 106 to determine the growth stage of the plant. After determining the growth stage of the plant, the control unit 105 can access pre-stored data on the growth humidity requirements of the plant at different growth stages to determine the humidity requirements of the plant at the growth stage. Preferably, after determining that the humidity requirements of the plant have changed, the control unit 105 adjusts the environmental humidity of the plant to ensure that the humidity of the environment in which the plant is located can promote its growth and development.

Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 includes an air inlet 113 and an air outlet 114 connected by a condensation pipe 115. Preferably, when the dehumidification device 107 is in operation, an airflow is generated, which flows in from the air inlet 113, passes through the condensation pipe 115, and flows out from the air outlet 114. Preferably, the airflow flowing into the air inlet 113 absorbs the moisture in the cultivation layer into the dehumidification device 107, and the condensation pipe 115 condenses the moisture in the airflow, so that the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device 107 from the air outlet 114 is reduced, thereby dehumidifying the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the cultivation plate 102 is movably connected to the cultivation rack 101 through a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism is electrically connected to the control unit 105. When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit 105 can send instructions to the moving mechanism to adjust the cultivation layer where the plant is located. Preferably, the moving mechanism can be a device such as an electric guide rail. Preferably, the cultivation plate 102 moves in the vertical direction of the cultivation rack 101 through the moving mechanism. Preferably, when the humidity demand of the plant changes, the moving mechanism can transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity demand of the plant, thereby completing the humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

Preferably, the control unit 105 can also be connected to a third party via electrical signals such as a transport robot or a smart terminal worn by a worker. After determining that the humidity requirement of the plant has changed, the control unit 105 can send an instruction to the third party to transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plant, so that the third party can transfer the plant, thereby achieving humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

Example 3

This embodiment is a further improvement of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and the repeated contents will not be repeated here.

This embodiment provides a cultivation method.

Cultivation methods include:

Determine the variety of the plant to be cultivated, the three-dimensional cultivation system, the growth stage of the plant, and the humidity suitable for the plant at that growth stage;

Planting plants into each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system;

Determine the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system;

Select a humidity control scheme based on the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the plant at this growth stage;

The growth of the cultivated plants is carried out according to the humidity regulation scheme during the growth stage and the humidity regulation scheme is re-determined when the growth stage changes.

Preferably, the present invention determines the humidity requirements of plants cultivated in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system by determining the plant variety and the growth stage of the plant, and by determining the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, dehumidifies different cultivation layers in a targeted manner, so that the humidity of each cultivation layer can promote the growth of the plant.

Preferably, when the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, the plants are cultivated preferentially according to their humidity requirements, so that the plants are regularly distributed in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system.

Preferably, under natural conditions, the moisture volatilized into the air due to the transpiration of the plant, the volatilization of the nutrient solution, etc. is transferred upward, so that the humidity of the cultivation layer increases with the increase of the height of the cultivation layer. Preferably, when performing multi-layer plant cultivation, the plants can be cultivated in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system according to the difference in humidity requirements of plants of different varieties and/or different growth stages, so that the plants are distributed in a certain pattern in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system according to the humidity requirements. Preferably, the plants can be arranged in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system in such a way that the humidity requirements increase with the increase of the height of the cultivation layer, thereby reducing the difference between the environmental humidity of each cultivation layer and the humidity requirements of the plants, thereby reducing the difficulty of humidity regulation, and the environmental humidity of the cultivation layer can be adjusted to the humidity requirements required for plant growth more quickly.

In a plant factory, especially in a plant factory using a stereoscopic cultivation system, since the stereoscopic cultivation system has a large number of layers, the plant factory is relatively high, which in turn causes stratification in the temperature and humidity distribution of the stereoscopic cultivation system in the height direction. Preferably, when using a stereoscopic cultivation system to cultivate plants, the cultivated plants can be divided according to the suitable growth temperature of different plants at different growth stages. Preferably, the cultivated plants are divided into three groups according to the level of suitable growth temperature: low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature; when using a stereoscopic cultivation system to cultivate plants, the plants in the high temperature group are cultivated at the top. The plants in the low temperature group are cultivated in the lower layer, and the plants in the medium temperature group are cultivated between the high temperature group and the low temperature group, so that the suitable temperature for the growth of plants in each cultivation layer is distributed in the vertical direction according to the rule of gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

Preferably, under different temperature environments, the conditions in which moisture in each cultivation layer condenses into dewdrops are also different. Although in general, hot and humid air naturally rises, causing the humidity of the three-dimensional cultivation system to increase in the vertical direction as the height increases, when the ambient temperature in the entire plant factory is not sufficient to cause the moisture produced by the plants in the lower layer to rise to the upper layer, the humidity of the higher cultivation layer is not necessarily higher than that of the lower cultivation layer.

Preferably, when the ambient temperature in the plant factory includes a first ambient temperature and a second ambient temperature. Preferably, at the first ambient temperature, the water released by the plant into the growth environment by transpiration or the like can rise naturally, so that the humidity of the stereoscopic cultivation system in the vertical direction increases with the increase in height. Preferably, at the second ambient temperature, the water released by the plant into the growth environment by transpiration or the like is difficult to rise smoothly, and without applying external interference measures, the water released by the plant into the growth environment by transpiration or the like may also condense into dewdrops in areas such as plant leaves.

Preferably, under the first ambient temperature, the three-dimensional cultivation system can plant the plants in each cultivation layer from bottom to top according to the order of the plant humidity requirements from low to high, so that the plants planted in the bottommost cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system have the lowest humidity requirement, and the plants planted in the topmost cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system have the highest humidity requirement, and after the plant grows to a certain stage and the humidity of the cultivation layer in which it is located does not match the suitable humidity for the growth of the plant, the three-dimensional cultivation system transfers the plant to a cultivation layer with a humidity suitable for its growth.

Preferably, at the second ambient temperature, it is difficult for moisture in each cultivation layer in the three-dimensional cultivation system to move to other cultivation layers. The ventilation unit 103 and the dehumidification device 107 configured in the three-dimensional cultivation system can absorb the moisture in the cultivation layer when the humidity in the cultivation layer exceeds the preset value and transport it to the cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is lower than the preset humidity, thereby adjusting the ambient humidity of the plant to ensure that the humidity of the environment in which the plant is located can promote its growth and development.

Preferably, the first ambient temperature and the second ambient temperature can be set according to factors such as the type of cultivated plants and the temperature of the plant factory.

Preferably, the distribution of plants in the vertical direction of the stereoscopic cultivation system may be divided according to a certain rule of humidity requirements of the plant canopy, or the humidity requirements of the plant canopy and the bottom layer of the upper plants are different.

Preferably, plants of different varieties and/or different growth stages can be cultivated in the same three-dimensional cultivation system. Preferably, when the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, the plants can be planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system from bottom to top according to the order of the plant humidity requirements from low to high, so that the humidity requirements of the plants planted in the lowest cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system are the lowest, and the humidity requirements of the plants planted in the uppermost cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system are the highest, so that the plants are regularly distributed in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system, with the higher the cultivation layer, the higher the humidity requirements of the plants.

Taking wheat as an example, wheat has different humidity requirements at different growth stages. It is known that the growth stage of wheat can be divided into the seedling stage when the plant height does not exceed 5 cm, the nutrient accumulation stage when the plant height exceeds 5 cm but has not yet headed, and the reproductive development stage when wheat ears can be observed. It is known that the humidity requirements of wheat in the seedling stage, nutrient accumulation stage, and reproductive development stage are 80%, 75%, and 70%, respectively.

Preferably, when cultivating wheat using a stereoscopic cultivation system, wheat plants in the reproductive development stage are planted in the lowest layer, wheat in the seedling stage is set in the uppermost layer, and wheat in the nutrient accumulation stage is planted in the middle layer of the stereoscopic cultivation system. Preferably, for ease of understanding, the three cultivation plates 102 are called the first cultivation plate, the second cultivation plate, and the third cultivation plate from bottom to top; the three cultivation layers are also called the first cultivation layer, the second cultivation layer, and the third cultivation layer from bottom to top. Preferably, wheat plants in the reproductive development stage are planted in the first cultivation layer, wheat in the nutrient accumulation stage is planted in the second cultivation layer, and wheat in the seedling stage is planted in the third cultivation layer.

Preferably, the humidity adjustment scheme includes: a first dehumidification scheme for transferring moisture in a current cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, and a second dehumidification scheme for recovering moisture in the cultivation layer.

Preferably, the present invention connects the plant growth environments of each cultivation layer, and when adjusting the humidity of the plant growth environment, water can be transported from the part where the environmental humidity is higher than the plant humidity requirement to the part where the environmental humidity is lower than the plant humidity requirement, thereby improving the water utilization efficiency of the three-dimensional cultivation system.

Preferably, the control unit 105 collects the humidity of each cultivation layer through the humidity sensor 104 arranged on each cultivation plate 102, and compares the collected humidity with the humidity requirement of each cultivation layer, and selects a dehumidification scheme according to the comparison result.

Preferably, when there are both cultivation layers with an environmental humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement and cultivation layers with an environmental humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement in the stereoscopic cultivation system, the control unit 105 selects the first dehumidification scheme to transfer moisture in the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement to the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement. Preferably, when there is only a cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement in the stereoscopic cultivation system, the control unit 105 selects the second dehumidification scheme to transfer moisture in the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the plant humidity requirement to the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity lower than the plant humidity requirement. Preferably, when there is only a cultivation layer whose ambient humidity is lower than the plant humidity requirement in the stereoscopic cultivation system, the control unit 105 sends a humidification instruction to the staff or the humidification equipment configured in the stereoscopic cultivation system to humidify the cultivation layer.

Preferably, when the ambient humidity of the first cultivation layer exceeds 70%, the humidity of the second cultivation layer is lower than 75%, and the ambient humidity of the third cultivation layer exceeds 80%, the control unit 105 selects the first dehumidification scheme to regulate the ventilation units 103 arranged on the first cultivation board, the second cultivation board and the third cultivation board, so that the ventilation units 103 arranged on the first cultivation board and the second cultivation board generate an upward airflow, and the ventilation units 103 arranged on the third cultivation board generate a downward airflow, thereby migrating the moisture in the first cultivation layer and the third cultivation layer to the second cultivation layer, thereby reducing the ambient humidity of the first cultivation layer and the third cultivation layer and increasing the ambient humidity of the second cultivation layer.

Preferably, due to the multi-layer planting mode of the stereoscopic cultivation system, the distribution distance of the plants in each cultivation layer in the vertical direction is relatively close, so that the distance between the second cultivation plate and the plant canopy in the first cultivation layer is relatively close. When the ventilation unit 103 configured on the second cultivation plate generates an upward airflow, the airflow generated by the ventilation unit 103 configured on the second cultivation plate can quickly transfer the moisture generated by transpiration in the plant canopy in the first cultivation layer to the second cultivation layer, so as to increase the humidity in the second cultivation layer.

Preferably, the airflow generated by the ventilation units 103 disposed on the first cultivation plate and the third cultivation plate promotes the migration of moisture to the second cultivation layer while also promoting the circulation of air between the roots and stems of plants.

When plants are densely planted, the parts below the canopy are often blocked by the plants, resulting in poor ventilation between leaves, which leads to the retention of high-humidity and high-temperature air on the leaf surface, causing the transpiration of the plants to decrease or even stop, making it difficult for the plants to transport calcium ions to the leaves, thereby inducing diseases such as heartburn. Due to the photosynthesis of plants, the carbon dioxide near the leaves is constantly consumed, and due to the lack of airflow below the canopy, the carbon dioxide near the leaves cannot be replenished, thereby reducing the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants and affecting plant growth.

Preferably, the airflow generated by the ventilation units 103 configured on the first cultivation board and the third cultivation board can promote the airflow below the canopy of the plants in the first cultivation layer and the third cultivation layer. In particular, when the plants are densely planted and the canopy is lush, the airflow generated by the ventilation units 103 configured on the first cultivation board and the third cultivation board can not only move the high-humidity and high-temperature air trapped on the surface of the leaves to maintain the normal transpiration of the plants, but also replenish the carbon dioxide in the area below the canopy of the plants to increase the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants, thereby promoting plant growth.

Preferably, the humidity sensor 104 can be arranged near the plant canopy. Preferably, the control unit 105 detects the transpiration of the plants in each cultivation layer through the humidity sensor 104, and uses the ventilation unit 103 to directional exchange or transfer the water generated by the transpiration of the plant canopy in each cultivation layer, so that the plants in each cultivation layer maintain the best transpiration, and adjust the humidity of each cultivation layer by directional exchange or transfer of the water generated by plant transpiration, so as to realize the recycling of water, thereby saving water. For plant factories established in arid areas such as deserts and lacking arable land, it is very necessary to recycle water.

Preferably, when the ambient humidity of the first cultivation layer exceeds 70%, and the ambient humidity of the second cultivation layer and the third cultivation layer meets the humidity requirement of the plants, the control unit 105 selects the second dehumidification scheme to adjust the working mode of the dehumidification device 107. Preferably, in response to the adjustment of the control unit 105, the air inlet 113 of the dehumidification device 107 generates an airflow flowing into the dehumidification device 107 in the vicinity of the plant canopy in the first cultivation layer, and the air outlet 114 of the dehumidification device 107 generates an airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device 107 in the vicinity of the plant roots in the first cultivation layer.

Preferably, the air inlet 113 is arranged near the plant canopy, so that the airflow generated by the dehumidification device 107 to dehumidify the cultivation layer can directly act near the plant canopy, thereby absorbing moisture in the cultivation layer in the area with the highest humidity in the plant planting environment, thereby improving the dehumidification efficiency.

Preferably, the drain outlet 116 of the dehumidification device 107 can be connected to the soil and the water recovery device in the first cultivation layer at the same time through a three-way valve. Preferably, the water condensed by the condensation pipe 115 can flow back to the soil in the first cultivation layer through the drain outlet 116. Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 transports the condensed water to the soil to replenish the water in the first cultivation layer, so that the soil in the first cultivation layer remains moist, thereby promoting the plant root system to absorb inorganic salt ions in the soil. Preferably, the dehumidification device 107 replenishes the water in the first cultivation layer and can also prevent the soil in the first cultivation layer from becoming hardened due to lack of water, thereby reducing the water absorption rate of the plant root system.

Preferably, the airflow flowing out of the dehumidification device 107 from the air outlet 114 flows in the area near the roots of the plants in the first cultivation layer, which can promote the volatilization of moisture when the soil moisture in the first cultivation layer approaches saturation, thereby preventing the respiration of the plant roots from being affected by excessive soil moisture content.

Preferably, the air outlet 114 is arranged in the area near the plant root system. After the relatively dry dehumidified air flows out of the air outlet 114, it can flow between the plant roots and then flow into the air inlet 113 through the plant canopy. Preferably, the airflow flowing out of the air outlet 114 can promote the air circulation below the plant canopy. Especially when the plants are densely planted and the canopy is lush, the air flowing out of the air outlet 114 can promote the air circulation below the plant canopy. The air flow can not only move the high-humidity and high-temperature air trapped on the surface of the leaves to maintain the normal transpiration of the plants, but also replenish the carbon dioxide in the area below the canopy of the plants to increase the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants, thereby promoting plant growth.

Preferably, the cultivation method further comprises: in the process of cultivating the plants, adjusting the cultivation layer where the plants are located according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plants. Preferably, in the process of cultivating the plants, when the humidity demand of the plants changes, the present invention can also transfer the plants to the cultivation layer where the environmental humidity is close to or meets the humidity demand of the plants, thereby completing the humidity adjustment of the plant growth environment. Preferably, in the process of cultivating the plants, the growth stage of the plants is monitored. When the growth stage changes, the humidity suitable for the plants in the corresponding growth stage is re-determined, and the humidity adjustment scheme and/or the cultivation layer where the plants are located is re-determined.

Preferably, during the process of cultivating plants, the growth stage of the plants is continuously monitored, so that when the humidity demand of the plants changes due to changes in the growth stage, the environmental humidity of the plants is adjusted in time to ensure that the humidity of the environment in which the plants are located can promote their growth and development.

Preferably, when the control unit 105 observes the heading of wheat in the second cultivation layer through the image acquisition device 106, it can be determined that the wheat in the second cultivation layer has entered the reproductive development stage from the nutrient accumulation stage, and its humidity requirement has changed from 75% to 70%.

Preferably, the control unit 105 can determine the relationship between the ambient humidity in the second cultivation layer and 70%, and select a dehumidification scheme to adjust the ambient humidity in the second cultivation layer, so that the ambient humidity in the second cultivation layer drops to 70%.

Preferably, the control unit 105 can also send an instruction to a third party to transfer the wheat in the second cultivation layer to the first cultivation layer, so that the third party transfers the wheat in the second cultivation layer to the first cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the plant humidity requirement, thereby achieving humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute limitations on the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout the text, the features introduced by "preferably" are only an optional method and should not be understood as being required. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time. The present invention specification contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to "A preferred embodiment" or "optionally" means that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept.

Claims (15)

A cultivation method, characterized in that the cultivation method comprises: Determine the variety of the plant to be cultivated, the three-dimensional cultivation system for cultivation, the growth stage of the plant, and the humidity suitable for the plant at the growth stage; Planting the plants into each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system; Determining the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system; Selecting a humidity adjustment scheme according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage; The growing of the cultivated plant in the growing stage is performed according to the humidity adjustment scheme and the humidity adjustment scheme is re-determined when the growing stage changes. The cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that when the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, they are cultivated preferentially according to the humidity requirements of the plants so that the plants are regularly distributed in the vertical direction of the three-dimensional cultivation system. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the humidity adjustment scheme comprises: When there are both cultivation layers with an environmental humidity higher than the plant's humidity requirement and cultivation layers with an environmental humidity lower than the plant's humidity requirement in the three-dimensional cultivation system, the water in the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the plant's humidity requirement is transferred to the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity lower than the plant's humidity requirement; When only the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the humidity requirement of the plants exists in the three-dimensional cultivation system, the water in the cultivation layer with an environmental humidity higher than the humidity requirement of the plants is recovered. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cultivation method further comprises: During the process of cultivating the plants, the cultivation layer where the plants are located is adjusted according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plants. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that During the cultivation of the plant, monitoring the growth stage of the plant; When the growth stage changes, the humidity suitable for the plant in the corresponding growth stage is redetermined, and the humidity adjustment scheme and/or the cultivation layer where the plant is located is redetermined. A three-dimensional cultivation system, comprising a cultivation frame (101), characterized in that The cultivation rack (101) is divided into at least two cultivation layers in the vertical direction by at least two cultivation plates (102) for providing plant cultivation areas; The cultivation plate (102) is provided with a plurality of ventilation units (103) penetrating the cultivation plate (102) and a humidity sensor (104) for monitoring the humidity of the cultivation layer; The ventilation unit (103) and the humidity sensor (104) are electrically connected to a control unit (105); The control unit (105) obtains the humidity parameters of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system through the humidity sensor (104) and selects the humidity adjustment scheme in combination with the humidity demand of the plant; The control unit (105) controls the operation of the ventilation unit (103) according to the adjustment scheme, and transfers the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer, so as to adjust the humidity of the cultivation layer. The three-dimensional cultivation system according to claim 6, characterized in that the three-dimensional cultivation system further comprises an image acquisition device (106) for acquiring plant images and electrically connected to the control unit (105); The control unit (105) analyzes the plant image collected by the image collection device (106) to determine the growth stage of the plant, and further determines the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plant; When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit (105) redetermines the humidity adjustment plan. The three-dimensional cultivation system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the three-dimensional cultivation system further comprises a dehumidification device (107) arranged on the side wall of the cultivation layer and connected to the control unit (105) by electrical signals; The control unit (105) controls the operation of the dehumidification device (107) according to the adjustment scheme to absorb moisture in the cultivation layer, thereby adjusting the humidity of the cultivation layer. The three-dimensional cultivation system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the cultivation plate (102) is movably connected to the cultivation frame (101); When the growth stage of the plant changes, the control unit (105) can send an instruction to move the plant with the changed growth stage to another cultivation layer to a moving mechanism or a third party configured in the three-dimensional cultivation system, so as to transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the environmental humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plant, thereby completing the humidity regulation of the plant growth environment. A dehumidification device, characterized in that the dehumidification device is used to dehumidify the plant canopy wet, The dehumidification device comprises: an air inlet (113) arranged near the plant canopy, an air outlet (114) arranged near the plant root system, a condensation pipe (115) connecting the air inlet (113) and the air outlet (114), and semiconductor cooling sheets (112) arranged on both sides of the condensation pipe (115); The air inlet (113) and the air outlet (114) are provided with a fan (111); The dehumidification device (107) uses the fan (111) to generate an airflow that flows in from the air inlet (113), passes through the condensation pipe (115), and then flows out from the air outlet (114); The airflow flowing into the air inlet (113) draws moisture near the plant canopy into the dehumidification device (107) and condenses the moisture through the condensation pipe (115), thereby reducing the moisture carried by the airflow flowing out of the air outlet (114), thereby achieving dehumidification of the plant canopy. The dehumidification device according to claim 10 is characterized in that the air inlet (113) and the air outlet (114) are arranged at the diagonal of the same rectangular side of the dehumidification device (107), thereby increasing the flow range of the dehumidification airflow. The dehumidification device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the dehumidification device (107) is connected to the frame of the multi-layer stereoscopic cultivation system through a connecting unit (109). The dehumidification device (107) is arranged on the side wall of the cultivation layer and is connected to the control unit (105) by electrical signals. The control unit (105) selects a humidity adjustment scheme according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plant; grows the cultivated plant in the growth stage according to the humidity adjustment scheme and redefines the humidity adjustment scheme when the growth stage changes. A control method for a three-dimensional cultivation system, characterized in that the method comprises: When the plants are planted in each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system, determining the humidity of each cultivation layer of the three-dimensional cultivation system; Selecting a humidity adjustment scheme according to the humidity of each cultivation layer of the cultivation system and the humidity suitable for the growth stage of the plant; The growing of the cultivated plant in the growing stage is performed according to the humidity adjustment scheme and the humidity adjustment scheme is re-determined when the growing stage changes. The control method of the stereoscopic cultivation system according to claim 13 is characterized in that The method further comprises: During the cultivation of the plant, monitoring the growth stage of the plant; When adjusting the environmental humidity in a single cultivation layer, the control unit (105) transfers the moisture in the cultivation layer to another cultivation layer through the ventilation unit (103). The control method of the three-dimensional cultivation system according to claim 13 or 14 is characterized in that the method further comprises: the control unit (105) is connected to the transport robot by electrical signals; after determining that the humidity requirement of the plant has changed, the control unit (105) can send an instruction to the transport robot to transfer the plant to a cultivation layer where the ambient humidity is close to or meets the humidity requirement of the plant, so that the transport robot transports the plant, thereby achieving humidity regulation of the plant growth environment.