WO2024033279A1 - Kontinuierliches verfahren zur herstellung von n-butyl(meth)acrylat mit einer katalysatorrückführung - Google Patents
Kontinuierliches verfahren zur herstellung von n-butyl(meth)acrylat mit einer katalysatorrückführung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024033279A1 WO2024033279A1 PCT/EP2023/071760 EP2023071760W WO2024033279A1 WO 2024033279 A1 WO2024033279 A1 WO 2024033279A1 EP 2023071760 W EP2023071760 W EP 2023071760W WO 2024033279 A1 WO2024033279 A1 WO 2024033279A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/52—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C67/54—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/62—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/533—Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C69/54—Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the continuous production of n-butyl (meth)acrylate by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with n-butanol in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor.
- N-Butyl (meth)acrylate is used particularly advantageously in the production of contact lenses or as a crosslinker or adhesion improver for dispersions, which are preferably used as adhesives, paints, paints, e.g. also printing inks, or textile, leather or paper auxiliaries as well as in curable coatings become.
- Acid catalysts typically used for the esterification reaction include inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, organic acids such as alkanesulfonic acids, ion exchange resins and the like.
- the esterification water can be separated off by distillation as part of an azeotrope, which typically also includes the target ester.
- an azeotrope typically also includes the target ester.
- the esterification reaction takes place in such a way that the esterification water is continuously removed from the reaction mixture, but the majority of the target ester formed remains in the reaction mixture.
- esterifications of this type are those in which the esterification water is separated off by distillation by adding an organic solvent as an azeotropic entraining agent. Alkanol used in excess can also serve as such an azeotropic entraining agent.
- a variant for the production of n-butyl (meth) acrylate is that the esterification water is separated off by distillation as part of a heterogeneous azeotrope from n-butyl (meth) acrylate/n-butanol/water, whereby the n-butanol and/or that n- Butyl (meth)acrylate is at least partially recycled into the esterification as an organic phase.
- esterification water that forms during esterification must be at least partially removed from the process.
- the discharged catalyst portion is typically burned, which results in undesirable SO X emissions if, for example, sulfuric or sulfonic acids are used.
- EP 0795 536 A1 discloses a process for the continuous production of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid with recycling of an acidic catalyst into the reaction zone of the reactor. This document explains recycling of the acid catalyst only for the alkyl ester 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA). The applicability and transferability of this teaching to the other physical process conditions in the production of n-butyl acrylate and the esterification reaction that takes place here with subsequent, specific purification to the alkyl ester n-butyl acrylate is not disclosed.
- a process for the continuous production of alkyl (meth)acrylate, in particular n-butyl acrylate, is disclosed in WO 2012/026661 A1 (LG Chem, LTD.).
- an organic, acidic catalyst is returned to the reaction zone of the reactor.
- the recirculation is limited to the fact that the mass flow of the bottom outlet of the rectification column is already two-phase. The mass flow of the bottom outlet of the rectification column therefore already contains an organic and an aqueous phase.
- the task was therefore to provide a continuous process for the production of n-butyl (meth) acrylate with catalyst recycling in order to improve the recovery rate of the catalyst during the production of the n-butyl (meth) acrylate using an acidic catalyst to enable. This also reduces the amount of catalyst discharged.
- Another task was to use as little water as possible during the esterification and distillative purification in order to make the process energy efficient. This also means that fewer secondary components are formed in the process, since the reaction mixture is exposed to lower temperatures in the process.
- (meth)acrylic acid refers to a (meth)acrylic acid quality which preferably contains at least 98% by weight, more preferably at least 99.5% by weight, of (meth)acrylic acid, and preferably a maximum of 0.2 % by weight of water and preferably a maximum of 0.03% by weight of acetic acid, propionic acid and isobutyric acid.
- n-butanol quality with at least 99.5% by weight of n-butanol, a maximum of 0.05% by weight of n-butanal, a maximum of 0.02% by weight of dibutyl ether, a maximum of 0.1% by weight is preferred. % other alcohols and a maximum of 0.05% by weight of water are used.
- the color number is preferably a maximum of APHA 5, the acid number is preferably a maximum of 0.03 mgKOH/g.
- Suitable polymerization inhibitors that act as stabilizers can be, for example, N-oxides (nitroxyl or N-oxyl radicals, i.e. compounds that have at least one NO group), such as 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine -N-oxyl (HO-TEMPO), 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 2, 2,6,6-Tetra-methylpiperidine-N-oxyl, bis(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-4-yl) sebacate, 4, 4', 4"- Tris( 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl)-phosphite or 3-oxo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-N-oxyl; mono- or polyhydric phenols, which may contain one or have several al
- N-methyl-4-toluenesulfonamide or N-tert-butyl-4-toluenesulfonamide oximes, such as aldoximes, ketoximes or amidoximes, such as diethyl ketoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime or salicyladoxime, phosphorus-containing compounds, such as triphenylphosphine, triphenyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, hypophosphorus Acid or alkyl esters of phosphorous acids; sulfur-containing compounds such as diphenyl sulfide or phenothiazine; Metal salts, such as copper or manganese, cerium, nickel, chromium salts, for example chlorides, sulfates, salicylates, tosylates, acrylates or acetates, such as copper acetate, copper (II) chloride, copper salicylate, cerium ( III) acetate or cerium (III
- the preferred polymerization inhibitor or polymerization inhibitor mixture is at least one compound from the group of hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, phenothiazine, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6 -tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, bis(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-4-yl)sebacate, 2-tert-butyl-phenol, 4-tert-butyl phenol, 2, 4-Di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2- Methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, hypophosphorous acid, copper (II) acetate, copper (L) chloride, copper (II) chloride, copper (II) salicylate and cerium (III)
- Phenothiazine (PTZ) and/or hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ) are particularly preferably used as polymerization inhibitors.
- PTZ is particularly preferably used as a polymerization inhibitor in esterification and/or distillation.
- the polymerization inhibitor is preferably dissolved in one or more liquid, organic compounds.
- the organic compound is preferably n-butanol and/or n-butyl (meth)acrylate.
- Suitable esterification catalysts are the usual mineral acids and sulfonic acids, preferably sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, alkylsulfonic acids (e.g. methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) and arylsulfonic acids (e.g. benzene, p-toluene or dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid) or mixtures thereof.
- mineral acids and sulfonic acids preferably sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, alkylsulfonic acids (e.g. methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) and arylsulfonic acids (e.g. benzene, p-toluene or dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid) or mixtures thereof.
- Sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, m-toluenesulfonic acid, o-toluenesulfonic acid or mixtures thereof are particularly preferred. It is particularly preferred to use p-toluenesulfonic acid as the esterification catalyst.
- the acidic catalyst is in particular a homogeneous catalyst.
- the process for the continuous production of n-butyl (meth)acrylate by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with n-butanol in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor comprises the following steps:
- the mass flow ratio being between the partial stream of the aqueous phase (18) and the high boiler partial stream (7) of the discharged high boiler bottom discharge (23) is in the range from 0.08 to 0.50 and the mass flow ratio between the partial stream of the aqueous phase (26) and the high boiler partial stream (7) of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) is in the range from 0.08 to 0.50, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.3.
- n-butyl (meth)acrylate by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with n-butanol in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor:
- rectification column in this document is to be understood as a general term for apparatus in which the supply of heat generates vapors that rise and come into contact with the flowing liquid phase.
- Rectification columns are known in their general design and have the usual apparatus such as an evaporator in the bottom, an evaporator in the high boiler outlet or a condenser in the low boiler outlet, the high boilers preferably being in the bottom area and the low boilers preferably being in the top area of the rectification column .
- part of the mass flow of the high boiler effluent is returned to the bottom area of the rectification column.
- the bottom area it is also possible for the bottom area to be heated via, for example, external wall heating of the column in the bottom area and/or for an evaporator to be integrated in the bottom area.
- a vapor stream is drawn off at the top of the rectification column and fed to a condenser.
- the vapor stream is also commonly referred to as the low boiler effluent.
- a portion of the vapor stream condensed in the condenser is returned to the rectification column, whereas the remaining portion of the condensed vapor stream is discharged as distillate.
- the reflux ratio describes the ratio between the condensed vapor stream that is returned to the column and the condensed vapor stream that is withdrawn as distillate. As a rule, a return ratio in the range of 10 to 200% is set.
- all common internals can be considered as column internals for the rectification column (E), for example trays, packings and/or beds.
- the trays include bubble trays, sieve trays, valve trays, Thormann trays and/or dual-flow trays.
- the rectification column (E) can also contain other standard components for control, such as pressure reducers, flow regulators or sensors. In principle, several rectification columns can be connected to each other in series or parallel, which can then also act as a “rectification column” (E).
- the material components when using acrylic acid, the material components are referred to as low boilers if the boiling temperature at normal pressure is lower than the boiling temperature of n-butyl acrylate. Similarly, material components are referred to as high boilers if the boiling temperature at normal pressure is greater than or equal to the boiling temperature of n-butyl acrylate. The boiling point of n-butyl acrylate is 147° C at normal pressure.
- the material components when using methacrylic acid, the material components are referred to as low boilers if the boiling temperature at normal pressure is lower than the boiling temperature of n-butyl methacrylate. Similarly, material components are referred to as high boilers if the boiling temperature at normal pressure is greater than or equal to the boiling temperature of n-butyl methacrylate. The boiling temperature of n-butyl methacrylate is 163° C at normal pressure.
- the term “reactor” generally defines a reactor (A) or several reactors connected together that act as a “reactor” (A).
- the reactor (A) also includes a reactor heating element to heat the reaction mixture.
- the reactor heating element is, for example, an immersion heater in the reactor (A), a pipe system arranged on the outer lateral surface of the reactor and/or within the reactor (A) comprising coils or half-coils, one on the outer lateral surface of the reactor (A) and/or a an electrical heating system arranged within the reactor (A), an evaporator located outside the reactor (A), the reaction mixture flowing at least partially through the evaporator, or a double-walled embodiment of the reactor outer wall, in which a fluid separated from the reaction mixture, such as a liquid, a gas and/or a heating steam, is tempered and thereby a predetermined heating temperature is set, whereby the reaction mixture in the reactor (A) is heated.
- a fluid separated from the reaction mixture such as a liquid, a gas and/
- reactor heating elements can be used to heat the reaction mixture in the reactor (A).
- a double-walled embodiment of the outer reactor wall and an evaporator located outside the reactor (A) can heat the reaction mixture at the same time or at least partially at different times.
- the reactor (A) contains a column (B) attached to it, which preferably separates water by distillation.
- the Column (B) itself is a distillation column with internal internals.
- Such installations are trays such as bubble trays, perforated trays, in particular dual-flow trays, beds, packs or the like.
- the reactor (A) is integrated into the rectification column (E), so that the esterification can take place in the bottom of the rectification column (E), i.e. in the reaction zone (E1).
- the term “external water” is understood to mean water that comes from outside the process and is introduced into the process through an inlet on a mixer (H).
- the external water is preferably demineralized water, particularly preferably fully demineralized water.
- the external water preferably has a pH in the range from 4.5 to 10.5, particularly preferably in the range from 6.5 to 10.0.
- the external water preferably contains no or only small amounts of electrolyte, preferably less than 0.1% by weight of electrolyte.
- Para-toluenesulfonic acid is preferably used as the acidic esterification catalyst, i.e. acidic catalyst.
- Their content in the reaction zone (E1) or in the reactor (A), based on the reaction mixture contained therein, is expediently 0.1 to 10.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 6.0% by weight.
- Other organic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and/or sulfuric acid can also be used.
- Their amount is equimolar to that of para-toluenesulfonic acid. Appropriate mixtures are also possible.
- the content of catalytically active acid in the bottom of the rectification column (E), based on the mixture contained therein, can advantageously be between 2.5 and 50.0% by weight of para-toluenesulfonic acid or an equimolar amount of other organic sulfonic acid and/or sulfuric acid .
- the resulting mixture (10) from the mixer (H) has a temperature in the range from 20 to 100 ° C, preferably in the range from 70 to 95 ° C, at the outlet of the mixer (H).
- the high boiler bottom discharge (23) has a concentration of less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, of water. This has the advantage that less water is distilled off in the rectification column (E). and therefore less energy is used to heat the rectification column (E), which means that fewer secondary components are formed.
- a partial stream of the aqueous extract is returned to the reactor (A) or the reaction zone (E1), the mass flow ratio between the partial stream of the aqueous extract and the total mass flow of the aqueous extract (12) being in the range of 0. 1 to 1.0, preferably in the range from 0.8 to 1.0.
- the high boiler partial stream (7) of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) discharged in the mixer (H) is given such a mass flow of the partial stream of the aqueous phase (18) from the phase separator (G) and/or the partial stream added to the aqueous phase (26) from the phase separator (D), so that a phase ratio between the aqueous extract (12) to be obtained and the organic raffinate (11) to be obtained is in the range of 0.08 to 0.5 kg / kg, preferably from 0.1 to 0.3 kg/kg.
- This has the advantage that a two-phase decomposition of the two phases is guaranteed, as little catalyst as possible has to be removed from the process and the water content is kept as low as possible during esterification and distillation.
- a mass flow ratio between the partial flow of the aqueous phase (18) and the high boiler partial flow (7) of the discharged high boiler bottom discharge (23) or a mass flow ratio between the partial flow of the aqueous phase (26) and the high boiler partial stream (7) of the discharged high boiler - Bottom discharge (23) of 0.5 kg/kg or less is sufficient for the successful recycling of the acidic catalyst and the energy requirement of the process, in particular for the evaporation of water, is reduced compared to the use of larger amounts of water.
- a mass flow ratio between the partial flow of the aqueous phase (18) and the high boiler partial flow (7) of the discharged high boiler bottom discharge (23) or a mass flow ratio between the partial flow of the aqueous phase (26) and the high boiler partial stream (7) of the discharged high boiler - Bottom discharge (23) of at least 0.08 kg/kg serves in turn for effective extraction and phase separation in the extraction phase separator (I).
- a partial stream of the organic raffinate (11) is fed to a cleavage reactor (J).
- the cleavage reactor (J) is connected to the mixer (H) and the extraction phase separator (I). downstream.
- the organic components after phase separation i.e. the organic raffinate (11)
- the cleavage reactor (J) is connected to the mixer (H) and the extraction phase separator (I). downstream.
- phase separation in the extraction phase separator (I) is also improved by this arrangement, among other things because the viscosity of the continuous phase, i.e. the organic raffinate (11), is lower and the density difference between the two phases, i.e. the organic raffinate (11) and the aqueous extract (12), is higher compared to an extraction downstream of the cleavage reactor (J).
- a partial stream of the organic raffinate (11) is fed to a cleavage reactor (J), the mass flow ratio between the partial stream of the organic raffinate (11) and the total mass flow of the organic raffinate being in the range from 0.1 to 1 .0, preferably in the range from 0.95 to 1.0.
- This has the advantage that the high boilers can be split and the split products such as (meth)acrylic acid and n-butanol can be used again as starting materials in the process.
- the esterification takes place at a temperature in the range from 90 to 130 ° C, preferably in the range from 95 to 105 ° C, and at an absolute pressure in the range from 0.8 to 2.0 bar, preferably in the range from 1.0 to 1.5 bar.
- the splitting reactor (J) is supplied with a partial stream (8) of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) in a mass flow ratio to the high boiler partial stream (7) of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) in the range from 0.0 to 10, 0, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 1.0. This has the advantage that there is enough catalyst for the cleavage reaction in the cleavage reactor (J).
- the reactor (A) is supplied with a partial stream (9) of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) in a mass flow ratio to the total high boiler bottom discharge (23) in the range from 0.1 to 0.99, preferably in the range of 0.85 to 0.95, supplied.
- the high boiler bottom discharge (23) has a water content in the range from 0.1 to 10.0% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to less than 10.0% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to less than 5% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 4.5% by weight. This has the advantage that there is not too much water in the process and therefore less energy is required and fewer secondary components are formed.
- a single-phase removal of the high boiler bottom discharge (23) and then, after adding water in the mixer (H), a two-phase decomposition of the resulting mixture (10) is ensured.
- the high boiler bottom discharge (23) has a content of oligomers and/or polymers in the range from 1 to 80% by weight, more preferably from 10 to 65% by weight, in particular from 20 to 60% by weight .-%.
- Oligomers and/or polymers are molecules with a weight-average molecular weight of more than 1000 g/mol.
- a content of oligomers and/or polymers of 80% by weight or less in the high boiler bottom discharge (23) results in the advantage of a lower viscosity, so that the subsequent phase separation in the extraction phase separator (I) is improved.
- the mass flow ratio between the substream of the aqueous phase (18) and the high boiler substream (7) of the discharged high boiler bottoms discharge (23) or between the substream of the aqueous phase (26) and the high boiler substream (7) of the discharged high boiler bottoms discharge (23) can be further reduced.
- the high boiler bottom discharge (23) has a catalyst content in the range from 0.1 to 10.0% by weight. This has the advantage that not too much catalyst has to be separated off, meaning that the process can run more energy-efficiently and less catalyst can be used in the process.
- the acidic catalyst contains in the range from 0 to 100% by weight, preferably in the range from 80 to 100% by weight, particularly preferably in the range from 95 to 100% by weight, of p-toluenesulfonic acid. This has the advantage that the esterification takes place very efficiently because this catalyst has a high selectivity, a high reactivity and a long service life in this process.
- the high boiler bottom discharge (23) is single-phase.
- a partial stream of the aqueous phase (18) from the phase separator (G) and/or a partial stream of the aqueous phase (26) from the phase separator (D) is added to the mixer (H) in such an amount that the resulting Mixture (10) is two-phase.
- external water is additionally added to the mixer (H).
- a partial stream of the organic phase (14) is discharged from the phase separator (G) with a reflux ratio based on the organic phase in the range from 0.1 to 1.0 and a partial stream of the aqueous phase (16) is discharged from the Phase separator (G) with a reflux ratio based on the aqueous phase in the range from 1 to 10 is returned to the rectification column (E).
- This has the advantage that less organic phase has to be discharged from the process or aqueous phase has to be separated off and both the esterification and the separation in the rectification column (E) take place in an energy-efficient manner. In addition, fewer secondary components are formed.
- the acidic catalyst is present in a concentration in the range from 0.1 to 10% by weight in the reaction zone (E1) of the rectification column (E) or in the resulting reaction output from the reactor (A). This has the advantage that not too much catalyst has to be separated off, meaning that the process can run more energy-efficiently and less catalyst can be used in the process.
- the reactor (A) is supplied with a partial stream of the aqueous extract (12) in a mass flow ratio to the total high boiler bottom discharge (23) in the range from 0.01 to 0.5, preferably in the range from 0.01 to 0.3, supplied.
- Fig. 1 A first embodiment of a process according to the invention for the continuous production of n-butyl (meth)acrylate, in which a reactor A with a downstream rectification column E is used. This involves recycling an aqueous extract containing catalyst into reactor A and/or into rectification column E.
- Fig. 2 A second embodiment of a process according to the invention for the continuous production of n-butyl (meth)acrylate, in which a reaction zone E1 is integrated in the bottom area of a rectification column E. This involves recycling an aqueous extract containing catalyst into the rectification column E.
- Fig. 3 A third embodiment of a process for the continuous production of n-butyl (meth)acrylate as a comparative example, in which a reactor A with a downstream rectification column E is used.
- an aqueous extract containing catalyst is not recycled into reactor A and/or into rectification column E.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a process flow diagram of a process engineering process according to a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which a partial stream of the aqueous phase 18 from a liquid-liquid phase separator G is added to a mixer H.
- a reactant mass flow which comprises n-butanol, acrylic acid, PTZ and p-toluenesulfonic acid as an esterification catalyst, is fed to a reactor A through a line 1.
- One over Column B arranged in reactor A separates a steam mixture flowing from reactor A through its separating internals.
- a downstream condenser C which can optionally be supplemented by an aftercooler, at least partially condenses the vapor stream resulting from column B.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor PTZ is added to the capacitor C through a line 24.
- the non-condensed portion from the condenser C contains low-boiling impurities and is drawn off in vapor form via a line 2.
- the condensed vapor stream flows as condensate into a liquid-liquid phase separator D.
- the condensate separates into an aqueous and an organic phase.
- the aqueous phase which mainly contains water, is led through a line 5 from the liquid-liquid phase separator D to a liquid-liquid phase separator G.
- a further partial stream of the aqueous phase can in principle also be supplied as an extractant through a line 26 from the liquid-liquid phase separator D to the mixer H.
- a resulting reaction discharge which contains, among other things, n-butyl acrylate, unreacted starting materials and higher-boiling impurities, is withdrawn through a line 6 and fed to a rectification column E with separating internals.
- a rectification column E water, n-butyl acrylate and alcohol, among other things, are separated off.
- the vapors emerging from the column are fed into a condenser F, which can optionally be supplemented by an aftercooler, and are partially condensed therein.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor PTZ is added to the capacitor F through a line 25.
- the non-condensed portion from the condenser F contains low-boiling impurities and is drawn off in vapor form through a line 13, whereas the resulting condensate flows into the liquid-liquid phase separator G. There the condensate separates into an aqueous and an organic phase.
- An organic phase which mainly contains n-butyl acrylate and n-butanol, is partly returned as reflux through a line 14 to the rectification column E and the rest is discharged through a line 15 for further processing.
- the aqueous phase which mainly contains water, is partly returned as reflux through a line 16 to the rectification column E, partly as an extractant through a line 18 to a mixer H and the rest is discharged through a line 17 for further processing.
- the aqueous phase is used as the extractant Liquid-liquid phase separator G through line 18 and / or the aqueous phase through line 26 is mixed with the mass flow from line 7 and fed to an extraction phase separator I through a line 10.
- the resulting mixture separates into an organic raffinate and an aqueous extract containing catalyst.
- the aqueous extract which mainly contains water, is returned to the reactor A through a line 12.
- the organic raffinate is at least partially fed through a line 11 to a cleavage reactor J for further processing.
- the high boiler bottom discharge is also at least partially fed through a line 8 to the fission reactor J for further processing.
- the bottom effluent of the cleavage reactor J is discharged from the process through a line 21, whereas the gaseous substances at the top of the cleavage reactor J are withdrawn through a line 22. The gaseous substances can then be condensed and finally returned to reactor A.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically a process flow diagram of a process engineering process according to a second, alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which a partial flow of the aqueous phase 18 from a liquid-liquid phase separator G is added to a mixer H, in this embodiment compared to the first Embodiment the reaction zone E1 is integrated into the bottom of the rectification column E.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically a process flow diagram of a process engineering process as a comparative example, in which, in comparison to the first embodiment, there is no mixer H and no extraction phase separator I, which means that no return of the aqueous extract from the extraction phase separator I to the reactor A is possible.
- thermodynamic simulations For this purpose, the Aspen Plus® (Aspen) software is used, which is available on the website (accessed on July 15, 2022). Aspen is a comprehensive simulation software that is used to model, simulate and optimize chemical processes and systems in industry. Aspen has extensive model databases for modeling the basic operations as well as material databases for the material properties of many different substances. Aspen calculates the properties of mixtures using different thermodynamic models from the material data of the pure substances. Comparative example 1
- thermodynamic simulation of the entire system according to FIG. 3 is carried out by Aspen and delivers the following results:
- An educt stream is fed through a line 1 to a reactor A with a mass flow of 1000 kg/h, the educt stream being a mixture with the following composition: n-butanol: 582.2 kg/h
- Acrylic acid 413.9 kg/h
- p-toluenesulfonic acid 3.9 kg/h.
- a column B arranged above the reactor A separates a steam mixture flowing from the reactor A through its separating internals.
- a downstream capacitor C at least partially condenses the vapor stream resulting from column B.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor is fed through line 24 to a condenser C with a mass flow of 2 kg/h, the solution of the polymerization inhibitor having the following composition: n-butyl acrylate: 98% by weight, phenothiazine: 2% by weight.
- the non-condensed portion from the condenser C contains low-boiling impurities and is drawn off in vapor form via a line 2.
- the esterification is carried out in reactor A at a temperature of 105 ° C, a pressure of 470 mbar and a residence time of 2 hours.
- the organic phase as an organic distillate has the following composition:
- n-Butanol 77.3% by weight
- n-Butyl acrylate 1.5% by weight
- Phenothiazine ⁇ 0.01% by weight Unknown: 0.4% by weight.
- the aqueous phase has the following composition:
- n-Butanol 10.2% by weight
- n-Butyl acrylate 68.0% by weight
- a rectification column E equipped with 13 theoretical stages, water, n-butanol and n-butyl acrylate are drawn off in vapor form over the top of the rectification column E, condensed in a condenser F and then fed to a liquid-liquid phase separator G.
- the pressure is 1059 mbar and the temperature is 95° C.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor is fed through line 25 to a condenser F with a mass flow of 2 kg/h, the solution of the polymerization inhibitor having the following composition: n-butyl acrylate: 98% by weight, phenothiazine: 2% by weight.
- the organic phase has the following composition: Water: 2.7% by weight n-Butanol: 16.8% by weight n-Butyl acrylate: 80.3% by weight
- Phenothiazine ⁇ 0.01% by weight
- 83 kg/h of the aqueous phase are withdrawn from the liquid-liquid phase separator G through line 17 as an aqueous distillate.
- a partial stream with a mass flow of 724 kg/h of the aqueous phase is returned through line 16 as return to the rectification column E.
- the aqueous phase has the following composition:
- a partial stream with a mass flow of 73 kg/h is led through a line 8 to a cleavage reactor J and a partial stream with a mass flow of 585 kg/h is led back through a line 9 to the reactor A.
- the steam mixture formed in the cleavage reactor J is discharged through a line 22, whereas the bottom mixture is discharged through a line 21.
- the bottom mixture in the fission reactor J has the following composition:
- Acrylic acid 11.1% by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid 3.4% by weight
- Phenothiazine 0.2% by weight
- a content of oligomers and/or polymers is included in the unknowns.
- Example 1 In this Example 1, an embodiment of the process according to the invention for producing n-butyl (meth)acrylate according to FIG. 1 is simulated by the Aspen software. The simulation delivers the following results:
- An educt stream is fed through a line 1 to a reactor A with a mass flow of 1000 kg/h, the educt stream having the following composition: n-butanol: 584.3 kg/h
- Acrylic acid 414.4 kg/h
- p-toluenesulfonic acid 1.3 kg/h.
- the esterification in reactor A is carried out at a temperature of 105 ° C, an absolute pressure of 470 mbar and a residence time of 2 hours.
- a column B arranged above the reactor A separates a steam mixture flowing from the reactor A through its separating internals.
- a downstream capacitor C at least partially condenses the vapor stream resulting from column B.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor is fed through line 24 to the condenser C at a mass flow of 2 kg/h, the solution of the polymerization inhibitor having the following composition: n-butyl acrylate: 98% by weight, phenothiazine: 2% by weight.
- the non-condensed portion from the condenser C contains low-boiling impurities and is drawn off in vapor form via a line 2.
- the organic phase has the following composition:
- n-Butanol 77.0% by weight
- n-Butyl acrylate 1.7% by weight
- Phenothiazine ⁇ 0.01% by weight
- the aqueous phase has the following composition:
- n-Butanol 10.2% by weight
- n-Butyl acrylate 68.0% by weight
- a rectification column E equipped with 13 theoretical stages, water, n-butanol and n-butyl acrylate are drawn off in vapor form over the top of the rectification column E, condensed in a condenser F and then fed to a liquid-liquid phase separator G.
- the absolute pressure is 1059 mbar and the temperature is 95° C.
- a solution of the polymerization inhibitor is fed through a line 25 to a condenser F with a mass flow of 2 kg/h, the solution of the polymerization inhibitor having the following composition: n-butyl acrylate: 98% by weight, phenothiazine: 2% by weight.
- the organic phase is withdrawn from the liquid-liquid phase separator G with a mass flow of 807 kg/h through a line 15 as organic distillate for further purification.
- a partial stream with a mass flow of 367 kg/h is returned to the rectification column E through a line 14 as return flow.
- the organic phase has the following composition: Water: 2.6% by weight n-Butanol: 16.7% by weight n-Butyl acrylate: 80.5% by weight
- Phenothiazine ⁇ 0.01% by weight
- a mass flow of 101 kg/h of the aqueous phase is withdrawn from the liquid-liquid phase separator G as an aqueous distillate through a line 17 for further purification.
- a partial stream with a mass flow of 728 kg/h is returned to the rectification column E through a line 16 as return flow.
- a further partial stream of the aqueous phase is fed through a line 18 to a mixer H with a mass flow of 10 kg/h as an extractant for the catalyst extraction.
- the aqueous phase has the following composition:
- a partial stream is passed through a line 7 with a
- the liquid mixture has the following composition:
- Acrylic acid 11.1% by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid 3.4% by weight
- Phenothiazine 0.4% by weight
- the content of oligomers and/or polymers is included in the unknowns.
- the partial stream from the rectification column E which contains the catalyst and higher-boiling impurities, is combined through line 7 with a partial stream 18 from the liquid-liquid phase separator G, which contains the extractant water, in one Phase ratio of 0.2 kg / kg mixed and fed through a line 10 to an extraction phase separator I, the phase ratio being calculated by adding the mass flow of the aqueous phase from the high boiler partial stream 7 and the mass flow of the extractant water from the partial stream 18 , whereby the value of the addition is divided by the mass flow of the organic phase of the partial stream 7 and the mass flow of the organic phase of the partial stream 18.
- the organic raffinate has the following composition:
- n-Butanol 4.9% by weight
- n-Butyl acrylate 23.8% by weight
- Acrylic acid 9.1% by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid ⁇ 0.05% by weight
- Phenothiazine 0.2% by weight
- the content of oligomers and/or polymers is included in the unknowns.
- the aqueous extract is fed back to reactor A through a line 12 at a mass flow of 14 kg/h.
- the aqueous extract has the following composition:
- Acrylic acid 9.9% by weight p-toluenesulfonic acid 11.9% by weight
- Phenothiazine 0.7% by weight
- Catalyst concentration in reactor A results in the following:
- the educt stream containing catalyst, which is fed to reactor A through line 1, has a lower catalyst concentration in Example 1 according to the invention than in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 1 according to the invention a mass flow of 1.3 kg/h of new catalyst is fed to line 1, whereas in Comparative Example 1, a mass flow of 3.9 kg/h of new catalyst is fed to line 1.
- Example 1 the aqueous extract 12 is returned to reactor A with a mass flow of 14 kg/h, the catalyst concentration being 11.9% by weight.
- Example 1 there is a phase breakdown since the phase ratio resulting at the outlet of the mixer H between the aqueous phase 18 and the high boiler partial stream 7 of the high boiler bottom discharge 23 is 0.2 kg/kg, whereas in Comparative Example 1 there is no mixer (H ) is present and the water concentration in the high boiler bottom discharge 23 is only 0.03 kg/kg. There is therefore no phase decay in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 2 the cleavage reactor J was connected downstream of the mixer H and the extraction phase separator I, analogously to Example 1.
- a high boiler partial stream 7 of the high boiler bottom discharge 23 from the bottom of the rectification column E was fed to the mixer H.
- the viscosity of the organic raffinate 11, which was removed from the extraction phase separator I and fed to the cleavage reactor J, was 0.7 mPas.
- the separation time in the extraction phase separator I was 60 s and the density difference was 100 kg/m 3 .
- Example 3 the cleavage reactor J was connected upstream of the mixer H and a partial stream 8 (analogous to FIG. 3) of the high boiler bottom discharge 23 from the bottom of the rectification column E was first fed to the cleavage reactor J.
- the heavy boiler Bottom discharge 21 from the splitting reactor J was then fed to the mixer H, which was followed by the extraction phase separator I.
- the viscosity of the organic raffinate 11, which was taken here from the extraction phase separator I, was 30 mPas.
- the separation time in the extraction phase separator I was 240 to 300 s and the density difference was small at 12 kg/m 3 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23753893.9A EP4568938A1 (de) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | Kontinuierliches verfahren zur herstellung von n-butyl(meth)acrylat mit einer katalysatorrückführung |
| US19/101,657 US20250257026A1 (en) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | Continuous method for producing n-butyl(meth)acrylate including a catalyst recirculation process |
| JP2025507401A JP2025526046A (ja) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | 触媒再循環プロセスを含むn-ブチル(メタ)アクリレートの連続製造方法 |
| CN202380058334.1A CN119677711A (zh) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | 具有催化剂回流的用于制备正丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯的连续方法 |
| KR1020257007700A KR20250051062A (ko) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | 촉매 재순환 공정을 포함하는 n-부틸(메트)아크릴레이트의 연속 제조 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22189268.0 | 2022-08-08 | ||
| EP22189268 | 2022-08-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024033279A1 true WO2024033279A1 (de) | 2024-02-15 |
Family
ID=82850338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/071760 Ceased WO2024033279A1 (de) | 2022-08-08 | 2023-08-07 | Kontinuierliches verfahren zur herstellung von n-butyl(meth)acrylat mit einer katalysatorrückführung |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250257026A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4568938A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025526046A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250051062A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119677711A (de) |
| TW (1) | TW202419440A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024033279A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19604267A1 (de) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Alkylestern der (Meth)acrylsäure |
| EP0795536A1 (de) | 1996-02-06 | 1997-09-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Alkylestern der (Meth)acrylsäure |
| WO2001019772A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-22 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for the production and purification of n-butyl acrylate |
| DE69817858T2 (de) * | 1997-10-31 | 2004-07-08 | Celanese International Corp., Dallas | Verfahren zur entfernung von schwefel aus einem acrylatabfallstrom |
| WO2012026661A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method of preparing alkyl (meth)acrylate |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001521919A (ja) * | 1997-10-31 | 2001-11-13 | セラニーズ・インターナショナル・コーポレーション | アクリレートの系から硫黄を除去する方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-08-07 TW TW112129550A patent/TW202419440A/zh unknown
- 2023-08-07 JP JP2025507401A patent/JP2025526046A/ja active Pending
- 2023-08-07 CN CN202380058334.1A patent/CN119677711A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-07 US US19/101,657 patent/US20250257026A1/en active Pending
- 2023-08-07 KR KR1020257007700A patent/KR20250051062A/ko active Pending
- 2023-08-07 WO PCT/EP2023/071760 patent/WO2024033279A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-07 EP EP23753893.9A patent/EP4568938A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19604267A1 (de) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Alkylestern der (Meth)acrylsäure |
| EP0795536A1 (de) | 1996-02-06 | 1997-09-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Alkylestern der (Meth)acrylsäure |
| DE69817858T2 (de) * | 1997-10-31 | 2004-07-08 | Celanese International Corp., Dallas | Verfahren zur entfernung von schwefel aus einem acrylatabfallstrom |
| WO2001019772A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-22 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for the production and purification of n-butyl acrylate |
| WO2012026661A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method of preparing alkyl (meth)acrylate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2025526046A (ja) | 2025-08-07 |
| KR20250051062A (ko) | 2025-04-16 |
| TW202419440A (zh) | 2024-05-16 |
| US20250257026A1 (en) | 2025-08-14 |
| EP4568938A1 (de) | 2025-06-18 |
| CN119677711A (zh) | 2025-03-21 |
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