WO2024029573A1 - 熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 - Google Patents
熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024029573A1 WO2024029573A1 PCT/JP2023/028308 JP2023028308W WO2024029573A1 WO 2024029573 A1 WO2024029573 A1 WO 2024029573A1 JP 2023028308 W JP2023028308 W JP 2023028308W WO 2024029573 A1 WO2024029573 A1 WO 2024029573A1
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- insulating material
- heat transfer
- film
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- side film
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat transfer suppressing sheet and an assembled battery having the heat transfer suppressing sheet.
- This electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, etc. is equipped with an assembled battery in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series or in parallel to serve as a power source for a driving electric motor.
- Lithium-ion secondary batteries which are capable of higher capacity and higher output than lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc., are mainly used for these battery cells. If a battery cell suddenly rises in temperature due to an internal short circuit or overcharging of the battery, and a thermal runaway occurs that continues to generate heat, the heat from the battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway will , there is a risk of propagation to other adjacent battery cells, causing thermal runaway in other battery cells.
- a method of interposing a heat insulating sheet between battery cells is generally used.
- a wet heat adhesive binder fiber As a binder for manufacturing a heat insulating sheet, for example, a wet heat adhesive binder fiber can be mentioned, but the wet heat adhesive binder fiber needs to be kept in a wet state during manufacturing in order to exhibit its adhesive properties. Therefore, when using wet heat adhesive binder fibers, the heat insulating sheet needs to be manufactured by a wet papermaking method.
- inorganic particles such as dry silica or silica airgel are used to manufacture heat insulating sheets by dry molding
- the inorganic particles may fall off (hereinafter also referred to as powder drop) due to pressure, impact, etc. .
- Patent Document 1 describes a battery cell thermal runaway barrier having a nonwoven fibrous heat insulating material containing a fiber matrix of inorganic fibers, thermally insulating inorganic particles, and a binder, and an organic sealing layer that seals this heat insulating material. is disclosed.
- the gas trapped in the organic sealing layer is heated to a high temperature, the gas is released from, for example, an opening formed at the peripheral edge of the heat insulating material. It is configured to be discharged to the outside.
- the heat insulating material that prevents thermal runaway of battery cells is generally placed between the battery cells and inside the battery case.
- inorganic particles and the like are ejected together with the gas, contaminating the inside of the battery case.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a heat transfer suppressing sheet that has excellent heat insulation properties and can suppress contamination of the surrounding area due to falling powder, and an assembled battery having this heat transfer suppressing sheet.
- the purpose is to provide
- a heat insulating material containing inorganic particles and organic fibers A heat transfer suppressing sheet comprising a resin film containing the heat insulating material, The resin film has a plurality of holes, and includes a first surface side film and a second surface side film disposed on the first and second surface sides perpendicular to the thickness direction of the heat insulating material, and It is composed of an end face side film arranged on the end face side parallel to the thickness direction, The area ratio of the holes in the first side film and the second side film to the total area of the first side film and the second side film is the area ratio of the holes in the end side film to the total area of the end side film.
- a heat transfer suppressing sheet characterized by having an area ratio larger than .
- the first and second surfaces of the heat insulating material have rectangular shapes, and the holes in the first surface film and the second surface film are formed on the first and second surfaces of the heat insulating material.
- a plurality of the holes in the first side film and the second side film are arranged at approximately equal intervals in a direction perpendicular to the first side and the second side of the heat insulating material. , the heat transfer suppressing sheet according to [6].
- An elastic sheet is provided between the first surface of the heat insulating material and the first surface film, and between the second surface of the heat insulating material and the second surface film.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet according to any one of [1] to [9], characterized by:
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet of the present invention includes a heat insulating material containing a predetermined material and a resin film encapsulating this heat insulating material, it is possible to obtain an excellent heat insulating effect and to suppress powder falling. can.
- the area ratio of holes in the first side film and the second side film perpendicular to the thickness direction is larger than the area ratio of holes in the end side film parallel to the thickness direction, the heat transfer suppressing sheet When heated, the internal air is blown out from the holes in the first and second side films, so it is possible to suppress the contamination of the surroundings caused by the internal air blown out from the end side. .
- the assembled battery of the present invention since it has a heat transfer suppressing sheet with excellent heat insulation properties and powder falling prevention effects as described above, thermal runaway of battery cells in the assembled battery and flames spreading to the outside of the battery case can be avoided. It is possible to suppress the expansion of
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an assembled battery having a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a heat transfer suppressing sheet that can solve the above problems.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet has a heat insulating material and a resin film containing the insulating material and having a plurality of holes, and the area ratio of the holes on the main surface side perpendicular to the thickness direction of the heat insulating material is determined. found that it is effective to increase the area ratio of the holes on the end face side parallel to the thickness direction of the heat insulating material.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 according to the present embodiment includes a heat insulating material 11 containing inorganic particles and organic fibers, and a resin film 12 that includes the heat insulating material 11. A plurality of elliptical holes 13 are formed in the resin film 12 .
- the resin film 12 also includes a first surface side film 12a and a second surface side film 12b that cover two main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness direction of the heat insulating material 11, that is, a first surface 11a and a second surface 11b, respectively.
- the end face side film 12c covers the four end faces 11c parallel to the thickness direction of the heat insulating material 11.
- the area ratio of the holes 13 in the first side film 12a and the second side film 12b is designed to be larger than the area ratio of the holes 13 in the end side film 12c.
- the area ratio of the holes 13 in the first surface side film 12a and the second surface side film 12b refers to It refers to the area ratio of the holes 13 formed in the second side film 12b.
- the area ratio of the holes 13 in the end film 12c refers to the ratio of the area of the holes 13 formed in the end film 12c to the total area of the end film 12c.
- the heat insulating material 11 is wrapped in a planar resin film, and the resin films 12 are fused together near the end surface 11c of the heat insulating material 11 to form the fused portion 14. Then, as the resin film 12 is heated and contracts, the first surface 11a, second surface 11b, and end surface 11c of the heat insulating material 11 are covered with the resin film 12, and are brought into close contact with the surface of the heat insulating material 11. ing. Therefore, since the fused portion 14 is mainly formed on the end side film 12c, the thickness of the area where the fused portion 14 is formed is increased, and as a result, the end side film 12c is formed on the first surface side. It has higher strength than the film 12a and the second side film 12b.
- the fused portion 14 is formed, so that the end face side
- the area ratio of the holes 13 in the film 12c is smaller than the area ratio of the holes 13 in the first side film 12a and the second side film 12b.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an assembled battery having a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that the detailed structure of the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 shown in FIG. 1 is simplified in FIG. 2.
- the assembled battery 100 includes a battery case 30, a plurality of battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c stored inside the battery case 30, a space between the battery cell 20a and the battery cell 20b, and a space between the battery cell 20b and the battery cell 20c. and a heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 interposed between the two.
- the plurality of battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c are connected in series or in parallel by bus bars (not shown) or the like.
- the battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c are preferably, for example, lithium ion secondary batteries, but are not particularly limited thereto and may be applied to other secondary batteries.
- the heat insulating material 11 is encapsulated in the resin film, particles etc. can be prevented from falling off. Further, since the heat insulating material 11 contains inorganic particles and organic fibers and has high heat insulating properties, it is possible to suppress the propagation of heat from a battery cell in which thermal runaway has occurred to an adjacent battery cell.
- the area ratio of the holes 13 in the first surface side film 12a in contact with the battery cell 20a and the second surface side film 12b in contact with the battery cell 20b is the same as that in the end surface side film 12c. It is larger than the area ratio of the holes 13.
- the area ratio of the holes 13 of the end side film 12c is as small as possible. , it is more preferable to have no pores (ie, area ratio of 0%). Moreover, even if the end face side film 12c has holes 13, the average area of each hole 13 in the first face side film 12a and the second face side film 12b is It is preferable that the average area of each hole 13 is larger than the average area of each hole 13.
- a method for making the area ratio of the holes 13 of the end face side film 12c smaller than the area ratio of the holes 13 of the first side film 12a and the second side film 12b when manufacturing the heat transfer suppressing sheet, A method of forming holes only in regions corresponding to the side film 12a and the second surface side film 12b may be mentioned.
- An example of this method is to form the fused portion 14 by fusion bonding.
- the smoothness of the first surface film 12a and the second surface film 12b can also be ensured.
- a portion of the fused portion 14 may be formed on the first surface side film 12a and the second surface side film 12b, but most of the fused portion 14 may be formed on the end surface side film 12a. 12c, it is possible to obtain the effect of controlling the area ratio of the holes and the effect of ensuring the smoothness of the first surface side film 12a and the second surface side film 12b.
- the battery cell 20a and the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10, and the battery cell 20b and the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 are not arranged in complete contact with each other, but are slightly separated from the area where they are in close contact with each other. There are areas where this is the case. If the hole 13 is completely blocked by the area that is in close contact with the hole 13, it will be difficult for air to be discharged from the hole 13, and the holes 13 in the first side film 12a and the second side film 12b will be closed. The actual area ratio decreases. Therefore, in order to prevent the hole 13 from being completely blocked by adjacent battery cells, the shape of the hole 13 is preferably an ellipse that extends in one direction.
- the holes 13 are formed in substantially the same direction in the longitudinal direction on the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11. If the resin film 12 has an elliptical shape having a long axis in the direction, the adjacent holes 13 become too close to each other and the strength decreases, thereby suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the resin film 12.
- the direction and the major axis of the hole 13 are not limited to strictly the same direction, but the major axis of the hole 13 may be along the longitudinal direction of the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11. This also includes those that are oriented in the same direction.
- the expression that the plurality of holes 13 are "approximately equally spaced" on the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11 does not mean that the plurality of holes 13 are arranged at strictly equal intervals.
- the present invention also includes a case where a plurality of holes 13 are arranged in a pattern on the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11.
- the heat insulating material 11 has a plurality of voids and the voids are in communication with the holes 13 of the resin film 12, the inside of the heat insulating material 11 will be This is preferable because the air can be easily discharged through the hole 13. Furthermore, if inorganic hydrate particles are included as inorganic particles in the heat insulating material 11, when the heat decomposition occurs due to heating and crystallization water is released, the crystallization water flows through the voids into the pores of the resin film 12. It becomes easier to be discharged from 13.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 according to the first embodiment has a heat insulating material 11 and a resin film 12 that is in close contact with the surface of the heat insulating material 11, the present invention can include a heat insulating material as needed. 11 may be included.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a heat transfer suppressing sheet according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Further, since the second embodiment can be used in place of the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 described in the assembled battery 100 shown in FIG. The effects and the like of the second embodiment will be explained as an application thereof.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 15 includes a heat insulating material 11, an elastic sheet 16 laminated on the first surface 11a side and the second surface 11b side of the heat insulating material 11, and the heat insulating material 11 and the elastic sheet 16. It has a resin film 12 that includes. That is, the elastic sheet 16 is disposed between the first surface 11a of the heat insulating material 11 and the first surface film 12a, and the elastic sheet 16 is disposed between the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11 and the second surface film 12b. An elastic sheet 16 is also arranged. Note that the area ratio, shape, etc. of the holes 13 are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the outer surface of the heat insulating material 11 etc. is covered with the resin film 12, so that particles etc. can be prevented from falling off. Further, when the heat transfer suppressing sheet 15 is assembled into the assembled battery 100, it is possible to prevent positional displacement between the heat insulating material 11 and the elastic sheet 16. Furthermore, since the heat insulating material 11 has high heat insulating properties, it is possible to suppress the propagation of heat from a battery cell in which thermal runaway has occurred to an adjacent battery cell.
- the capacity of the battery cells has further improved, so the expansion rate during charging and discharging has increased. Therefore, when the internal pressure of the battery cells 20a, 20b, 20c repeatedly increases and decreases during charging and discharging, the battery cells 20a, 20b, 20c are repeatedly pressed and relaxed by the case, resulting in battery performance. This causes a decrease in
- the elastic sheet 16 is arranged on the main surface (first surface 11a and second surface 11b) side of the heat insulating material 11, stress is generated when the battery cell expands. Since the pressure on the battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c can be alleviated, the performance of the battery can be maintained.
- the elastic sheet 16 is arranged on the main surface side of the heat insulating material 11, powder falling from the main surface side of the heat insulating material 11 can be significantly reduced, and the It is possible to prevent the insulation effect from decreasing due to compressive deformation.
- the region where most particles fall off is the end surface 11c side of the heat insulating material 11, but in this embodiment, the first surface side film 12a and the second surface side film Since air is easily discharged from the battery case 12b, it is possible to further prevent particles from ejecting into the battery case 30 and spreading contamination.
- the elastic sheet 16 is arranged between the first surface 11a of the heat insulating material 11 and the first surface film 12a, and between the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11 and the second surface film 12b. By doing so, the pressing force on the battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c can be alleviated, and the effect of maintaining battery performance can be obtained.
- the organic fiber has the effect of imparting flexibility to the heat insulating material 11, and also has the effect of increasing the strength of the heat insulating material 11 by forming a skeleton of the organic fiber. Further, when inorganic particles and other organic fibers are welded to the surface of the organic fibers, the effect of improving the strength of the sheet and the effect of retaining the shape can be further improved. Furthermore, when the heat insulating material 11 contains organic fibers in an appropriate amount, a plurality of voids are formed inside the heat insulating material 11, and when the heat insulating material 11 is heated, air and moisture are removed from the voids. can be released to the outside through the
- binder fibers with a core-sheath structure.
- a binder fiber having a core-sheath structure has a core portion extending in the longitudinal direction of the fiber and a sheath portion formed to cover the outer peripheral surface of the core portion.
- the core is made of a first organic material
- the sheath is made of a second organic material
- the melting point of the first organic material is higher than the melting point of the second organic material.
- the first organic material constituting the core has a melting point lower than that of the sheath, that is, the second organic material existing on the outer peripheral surface of the core.
- the first organic material includes at least one selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, and nylon.
- the second organic material is not particularly limited as long as it has a melting point lower than the first organic material constituting the organic fiber.
- the second organic material includes at least one selected from polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, and nylon. Note that the melting point of the second organic material is preferably 90°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher. Further, the melting point of the second organic material is preferably 150°C or lower, more preferably 130°C or lower.
- the content of organic fibers is preferably 5% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11. Furthermore, if the content of organic fibers becomes too large, the content of inorganic particles will decrease relatively, so in order to obtain the desired heat insulation performance, the content of organic fibers must It is preferably 25% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less.
- the fiber length of the organic fibers is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of ensuring moldability and processability, the average fiber length of the organic fibers is preferably 10 mm or less. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of making the organic fibers function as a skeleton and ensuring the compressive strength of the heat transfer suppressing sheet, the average fiber length of the organic fibers is preferably 0.5 mm or more.
- the inorganic particles a single inorganic particle may be used, or two or more types of inorganic particles may be used in combination.
- the type of inorganic particles it is preferable to use particles made of at least one inorganic material selected from oxide particles, carbide particles, nitride particles, and inorganic hydrate particles from the viewpoint of heat transfer suppressing effect. , it is more preferable to use oxide particles.
- the shape is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to include at least one selected from nanoparticles, hollow particles, and porous particles, and specifically, silica nanoparticles, metal oxide particles, microporous particles, and hollow particles.
- Inorganic balloons such as silica particles, particles made of a thermally expandable inorganic material, particles made of a hydrous porous material, etc. can also be used.
- the average secondary particle diameter of the inorganic particles is 0.01 ⁇ m or more, they are easily available and can suppress an increase in manufacturing costs. Further, when the thickness is 200 ⁇ m or less, a desired heat insulation effect can be obtained. Therefore, the average secondary particle diameter of the inorganic particles is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the heating element can be cooled in multiple stages, and the endothermic effect can be exerted over a wider temperature range.
- a mixture of large diameter particles and small diameter particles it is preferable to use a mixture of large diameter particles and small diameter particles.
- the other inorganic particles include inorganic particles made of a metal oxide.
- the inorganic particles will be described in more detail, with small-diameter inorganic particles being referred to as first inorganic particles and large-diameter inorganic particles being referred to as second inorganic particles.
- Oxide particles have a high refractive index and have a strong effect of diffusely reflecting light, so when oxide particles are used as the first inorganic particles, radiant heat transfer can be suppressed, particularly in high temperature regions such as abnormal heat generation.
- oxide particles at least one particle selected from silica, titania, zirconia, zircon, barium titanate, zinc oxide, and alumina can be used. That is, among the above-mentioned oxide particles that can be used as inorganic particles, only one type or two or more types of oxide particles may be used.
- silica is a component with high heat insulation properties
- titania is a component with a high refractive index compared to other metal oxides, and is highly effective in diffusely reflecting light and blocking radiant heat in high temperature regions of 500 degrees Celsius or higher. Therefore, it is most preferable to use silica and titania as the oxide particles.
- Average primary particle diameter of oxide particles 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less
- the average primary particle diameter of the oxide particles is 0.001 ⁇ m or more, it is sufficiently larger than the wavelength of the light that contributes to heating, and in order to diffusely reflect light efficiently, it is difficult to transfer heat in the high temperature region of 500°C or more. The radiant heat transfer within the suppression sheet is suppressed, and the heat insulation properties can be further improved.
- the average primary particle diameter of the oxide particles is 50 ⁇ m or less, the number of contact points between the particles does not increase even when the particles are compressed, and it is difficult to form a path for conductive heat transfer, so conductive heat transfer is particularly dominant. The influence on the heat insulation properties in the normal temperature range can be reduced.
- the average primary particle diameter can be determined by observing the particles with a microscope, comparing them with a standard scale, and taking the average of 10 arbitrary particles.
- nanoparticles refer to nanometer-order particles having a spherical or nearly spherical average primary particle diameter of less than 1 ⁇ m. Because nanoparticles have a low density, they suppress conductive heat transfer, and when nanoparticles are used as the first inorganic particles, finer voids are dispersed, making it possible to obtain excellent heat insulation properties that suppress convective heat transfer. can. For this reason, it is preferable to use nanoparticles because they can suppress the conduction of heat between adjacent nanoparticles during normal use of the battery in the normal temperature range.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet will be compressed by the expansion caused by thermal runaway of the battery cell, and even if the internal density increases, the heat transfer will be reduced. It is possible to suppress an increase in conductive heat transfer of the suppression sheet. This is thought to be because nanoparticles tend to form fine voids between particles due to the repulsive force caused by static electricity, and because their bulk density is low, the particles are filled so as to provide cushioning properties.
- the material when using nanoparticles as the first inorganic particles, is not particularly limited as long as it meets the above definition of nanoparticles.
- silica nanoparticles in addition to being a highly insulating material, silica nanoparticles have small contact points between particles, so the amount of heat conducted by silica nanoparticles is smaller than when using silica particles with a large particle size.
- commonly available silica nanoparticles have a bulk density of about 0.1 (g/cm 3 ), so for example, battery cells placed on both sides of the heat transfer suppressing sheet may thermally expand, resulting in heat transfer.
- silica nanoparticles As the nanoparticles.
- silica nanoparticles include wet silica, dry silica, and airgel, and silica nanoparticles that are particularly suitable for this embodiment will be described below.
- wet silica particles are aggregated, whereas dry silica particles can be dispersed.
- conductive heat transfer is dominant, so dry silica, which allows particles to be dispersed, provides better heat insulation performance than wet silica. can.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet according to the present embodiment preferably uses a manufacturing method in which a mixture containing the materials is processed into a sheet shape by a dry method. Therefore, as the inorganic particles, it is preferable to use dry silica, silica airgel, etc., which have low thermal conductivity.
- Average primary particle diameter of nanoparticles 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less
- Average primary particle diameter of the nanoparticles By limiting the average primary particle diameter of the nanoparticles to a predetermined range, even higher heat insulation properties can be obtained. That is, when the average primary particle diameter of the nanoparticles is set to 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, convective heat transfer and conductive heat transfer within the heat transfer suppressing sheet can be suppressed, especially in the temperature range below 500°C, and the heat insulation property is improved. can be further improved. In addition, even when compressive stress is applied, the voids remaining between nanoparticles and the many contact points between particles suppress conductive heat transfer and maintain the heat insulation properties of the heat transfer suppressing sheet. can.
- the average primary particle diameter of the nanoparticles is more preferably 2 nm or more, and even more preferably 3 nm or more.
- the average primary particle diameter of the nanoparticles is more preferably 50 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or less.
- Inorganic hydrate particles thermally decompose when they receive heat from a heating element and reach a thermal decomposition start temperature, releasing their own water of crystallization and lowering the temperature of the heating element and its surroundings, a so-called "endothermic action.” Express. Furthermore, after releasing the crystal water, it becomes a porous body and exhibits a heat insulating effect due to its countless air holes.
- Specific examples of inorganic hydrates include aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), and zinc hydroxide (Zn(OH)).
- aluminum hydroxide has about 35% water of crystallization, and as shown in the following formula, it thermally decomposes to release water of crystallization and exhibits an endothermic action. After releasing the crystal water, it becomes porous alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), which functions as a heat insulator. 2Al(OH) 3 ⁇ Al 2 O 3 +3H 2 O
- the heat transfer suppressing sheets 10 and 15 according to the present embodiment are preferably interposed between battery cells, but in a battery cell that has undergone thermal runaway, the heat transfer suppressing sheets 10 and 15 according to this embodiment
- the temperature continues to rise to around 700°C. Therefore, the inorganic particles contained in the heat insulating material 11 are preferably composed of inorganic hydrates whose thermal decomposition initiation temperature is 200° C. or higher.
- the thermal decomposition starting temperatures of the inorganic hydrates listed above are approximately 200°C for aluminum hydroxide, approximately 330°C for magnesium hydroxide, approximately 580°C for calcium hydroxide, approximately 200°C for zinc hydroxide, and approximately 200°C for iron hydroxide.
- the average secondary particle diameter of the inorganic hydrate particles is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- thermally expandable inorganic material examples include vermiculite, bentonite, mica, pearlite, and the like.
- Water-containing porous material particles made of water-containing porous material
- water-containing porous material include zeolite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, acid clay, diatomaceous earth, wet silica, dry silica, aerogel, mica, and vermiculite.
- the heat insulating material used in the present invention may contain an inorganic balloon as the first inorganic particles.
- an inorganic balloon When an inorganic balloon is included, convective heat transfer or conductive heat transfer within the heat insulating material can be suppressed in a temperature range of less than 500° C., and the heat insulating properties of the heat insulating material can be further improved.
- the inorganic balloon at least one selected from shirasu balloons, silica balloons, fly ash balloons, barlite balloons, and glass balloons can be used.
- Inorganic balloon content 60% by mass or less based on the total mass of the insulation material
- the content of the inorganic balloon is preferably 60% by mass or less based on the total mass of the heat insulating material.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic balloon is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the second inorganic particles are not particularly limited as long as they are different from the first inorganic particles in material, particle size, etc.
- the second inorganic particles include oxide particles, carbide particles, nitride particles, inorganic hydrate particles, silica nanoparticles, metal oxide particles, inorganic balloons such as microporous particles and hollow silica particles, and thermally expandable inorganic materials. Particles made of a water-containing porous material, particles made of a water-containing porous material, etc. can be used, and the details thereof are as described above.
- nanoparticles have extremely low conductive heat transfer and can maintain excellent heat insulation properties even when compressive stress is applied to the heat transfer suppressing sheet. Furthermore, metal oxide particles such as titania are highly effective in blocking radiant heat. Furthermore, when large-diameter inorganic particles and small-diameter inorganic particles are used, the small-diameter inorganic particles enter the gaps between the large-diameter inorganic particles, resulting in a more dense structure and improving the heat transfer suppression effect. can. Therefore, when nanoparticles, for example, are used as the first inorganic particles, particles made of a metal oxide having a larger diameter than the first inorganic particles are further used as the second inorganic particles to suppress heat transfer. It is preferable to include it in the sheet.
- metal oxides examples include silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium titanate, zinc oxide, zircon, and zirconium oxide.
- titanium oxide titanium oxide (titania) is a component with a high refractive index compared to other metal oxides, and is highly effective in diffusely reflecting light and blocking radiant heat in the high temperature range of 500°C or higher, so titania can be used. Most preferred.
- At least one particle selected from dry silica particles and silica aerogel was used as the first inorganic particle, and the second inorganic particle was selected from titania, zircon, zirconia, silicon carbide, zinc oxide, and alumina.
- the first inorganic particles in order to obtain excellent heat insulation performance within a temperature range of 300°C or less, the first inorganic particles must be present in an amount of 50% by mass or more based on the total mass of the inorganic particles. It is preferably at least 60% by mass, more preferably at least 70% by mass.
- the content of the first inorganic particles is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less, and even more preferably 80% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the inorganic particles.
- the second inorganic particles are preferably 5% by mass or more, and 10% by mass or more based on the total mass of the inorganic particles. More preferably, it is 20% by mass or more. Further, the second inorganic particles account for preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and even more preferably 30% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the inorganic particles.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet contains second inorganic particles made of a metal oxide, if the average primary particle diameter of the second inorganic particles is 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, efficiency is improved in a high temperature region of 500°C or higher. Radiation heat transfer can be well suppressed.
- the average primary particle diameter of the second inorganic particles is more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the total content of inorganic particles is preferably 60% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11.
- the content of is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11.
- the content of inorganic particles in the heat insulating material 11 can be calculated, for example, by heating the heat insulating material 11 at 800° C., decomposing the organic components, and then measuring the mass of the remaining portion.
- the heat insulating material 11 may include organic fibers made of an organic material different from the first organic material, inorganic fibers, etc. .
- the heat insulating material 11 contains inorganic fibers, the inorganic fibers that are preferably included in this embodiment will be described below.
- inorganic fiber a single inorganic fiber may be used, or two or more types of inorganic fibers may be used in combination.
- inorganic fibers include silica fibers, alumina fibers, alumina silicate fibers, zirconia fibers, carbon fibers, soluble fibers, refractory ceramic fibers, airgel composites, magnesium silicate fibers, alkali earth silicate fibers, potassium titanate fibers, Ceramic fibers such as silicon carbide fibers and potassium titanate whisker fibers, glass fibers such as glass fibers, glass wool, and slag wool, rock wool, basalt fibers, mullite fibers, mineral fibers other than the above, such as wollastonite, etc.
- Examples include natural mineral fibers. These inorganic fibers are preferable in terms of heat resistance, strength, easy availability, and the like. Among inorganic fibers, from the viewpoint of ease of handling, silica-alumina fibers, alumina fibers, silica fibers, rock wool, alkali earth silicate fibers, and glass fibers are particularly preferred.
- the cross-sectional shape of the inorganic fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a circular cross-section, a flat cross-section, a hollow cross-section, a polygonal cross-section, a core cross-section, and the like.
- irregular cross-section fibers having a hollow cross-section, a flat cross-section, or a polygonal cross-section can be preferably used because the heat insulation properties are slightly improved.
- a preferable lower limit of the average fiber length of the inorganic fibers is 0.1 mm, and a more preferable lower limit is 0.5 mm.
- a preferable upper limit of the average fiber length of the inorganic fibers is 50 mm, and a more preferable upper limit is 10 mm.
- the inorganic fibers may not be tightly intertwined with each other, or a single inorganic fiber may curl up, which may lead to a decrease in heat insulation properties.
- a preferable lower limit of the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is 1 ⁇ m, a more preferable lower limit is 2 ⁇ m, and an even more preferable lower limit is 3 ⁇ m.
- a preferable upper limit of the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is 15 ⁇ m, and a more preferable upper limit is 10 ⁇ m. If the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is less than 1 ⁇ m, the mechanical strength of the inorganic fibers themselves may decrease. Further, from the viewpoint of the influence on human health, it is preferable that the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is 3 ⁇ m or more.
- the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is larger than 15 ⁇ m, solid heat transfer using the inorganic fibers as a medium may increase, leading to a decrease in heat insulation properties, and the formability and strength of the heat transfer suppressing sheet may deteriorate. There is a risk of
- the content of the inorganic fibers is preferably 3% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11.
- the content of the inorganic fibers is more preferably 5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11. With such a content, the shape retention, pressure resistance, wind pressure resistance, and inorganic particle retention ability of the inorganic fibers are expressed in a well-balanced manner.
- organic fibers and inorganic fibers intertwine with each other to form a three-dimensional network, further improving the effect of retaining inorganic particles and other compounded materials described below. can be done.
- hot melt powder in addition to the binder fibers and inorganic particles described above, hot melt powder may be included in the mixture.
- the hot melt powder is a powder that contains, for example, a third organic material different from the first organic material and the second organic material, and has the property of being melted by heating.
- the hot melt powder melts, and when it is subsequently cooled, it hardens while containing the surrounding inorganic particles. Therefore, falling off of the inorganic particles of the heat insulating material 11 can be further suppressed.
- Hot melt powders include those having various melting points, but a hot melt powder having an appropriate melting point may be selected in consideration of the melting points of the core and sheath portions of the binder fibers used. Specifically, if the third organic material that is a component of the hot melt powder has a melting point lower than that of the first organic material that makes up the organic fiber, the third organic material that is a component of the hot melt powder can be used to leave the core portion and the sheath portion and The heating temperature for melting the hot melt powder can be set. For example, if the melting point of the hot melt powder is lower than the melting point of the sheath, the heating temperature during manufacturing can be set between the melting point of the core and the melting point of the sheath, making it easier to heat the powder. can be set.
- the type of hot melt powder to be used can also be selected so that the melting point of the hot melt powder is between the melting point of the core and the melting point of the sheath.
- hot melt powder having such a melting point when used, when the sheath and the hot melt powder are both melted and then cooled and hardened, the organic fiber (core) and the molten sheath surrounding it first melt. And the hot melt powder present in the gaps between the inorganic particles is cured. As a result, the position of the organic fiber can be fixed, and then the molten sheath portion is welded to the organic fiber, making it easier to form a three-dimensional skeleton. Therefore, the strength of the entire sheet can be further improved.
- the melting point of the third organic material constituting the hot melt powder is sufficiently lower than the melting point of the first organic material constituting the core, the setting latitude for the heating temperature in the heating process can be expanded, It is possible to more easily set the temperature to obtain a desired structure.
- the melting point of the first organic material is preferably 60°C or more higher than the melting point of the third organic material, more preferably 70°C or more higher, and even more preferably 80°C or more higher.
- the melting point of the hot melt powder (third organic material) is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 90°C or higher. Further, the melting point of the hot melt powder (third organic material) is preferably 180°C or lower, more preferably 150°C or lower.
- Components constituting the hot melt powder include polyethylene, polyester, polyamide, ethylene vinyl acetate, and the like.
- the content of the hot melt powder is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the heat insulating material.
- the content of hot melt powder must be adjusted to It is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less based on the mass.
- the heating temperature in the heating step is equal to or lower than the melting point of the second organic material forming the sheath and the melting point of the third organic material forming the hot melt powder. It is preferable to set the temperature higher than the higher one by 10°C or more, and more preferably to set it higher by 20°C or more. On the other hand, the heating temperature is preferably set at least 10°C lower than the melting point of the first organic material constituting the core, and more preferably set at least 20°C lower. By setting the heating temperature to such a temperature, a strong skeleton can be formed, the strength of the sheet can be further improved, and the inorganic particles can be prevented from falling off.
- the heat insulating material 11 included in the heat transfer suppressing sheet according to the present embodiment can further contain other binders, colorants, etc. as necessary. All of these are useful for purposes such as reinforcing the heat insulating material 11 and improving formability, and the total amount is preferably 10% by mass or less based on the total mass of the heat insulating material 11.
- the elastic sheet 16 a sheet having elasticity that deforms flexibly with respect to deformation of the battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c can be used.
- an elastic sheet 16 for example, rubber, elastomer, etc. can be used. Note that specific examples of the rubber include foamed silicone and the like.
- the thickness of the elastic sheet 16 is not particularly limited, but in order to effectively obtain the above effects of the elastic sheet 16, it is preferably 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. Further, it is preferable that the shape and size of the surface of the elastic sheet 16 in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction are substantially the same as the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b of the heat insulating material 11. Note that "substantially the same” means that the difference in size between the two is allowed to be up to ⁇ 5% of the average value of both, preferably up to ⁇ 3%, and more preferably up to ⁇ 1%.
- the resin film 12 includes at least the heat insulating material 11, and can prevent particles, etc., which are the materials constituting the heat insulating material, from falling off.
- the material constituting the resin film was selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, vinyl chloride, nylon, acrylic, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylsulfide, polycarbonate, and aramid. At least one resin can be selected.
- a resin film 12 made of a material suitable for shrink packaging.
- materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and vinyl chloride.
- the resin film 12 preferably has an appropriate thickness because it has the effect of closely adhering to the outer surface of the heat insulating material and preventing particles and the like from falling off. Furthermore, in order for the resin film 12 to have a structure in which at least a portion thereof is in close contact with the shape of the heat insulating material, it is preferable that the resin film 12 has appropriate flexibility. If the thickness of the resin film 12 exceeds 1 mm, it will be difficult to follow the shape of the heat insulating material, and cracks and cracks may occur. Therefore, the thickness of the resin film 12 is preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.05 mm or less. On the other hand, the lower limit of the thickness of the resin film 12 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 mm or more, and 0.01 mm or more in order to prevent breakage from occurring easily due to friction with battery cells etc. It is more preferable that
- the resin film 12 is in contact with the battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c, it is preferable to have flame retardancy, and specifically, it is preferable to include an inorganic substance or a flame retardant material.
- inorganic materials constituting the resin film 12 include talc, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, titanium oxide, vermiculite, zeolite, synthetic silica, zirconia, zircon, barium titanate, zinc oxide, and alumina.
- the material include bromine flame retardants, chlorine flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, boron flame retardants, silicone flame retardants, and nitrogen-containing compounds.
- binder fibers having a core-sheath structure (not shown) and inorganic particles are put into a mixer such as a V-type mixer at a predetermined ratio to produce a mixture.
- a mixer such as a V-type mixer
- fibers with a core-sheath structure which have a core made of a first organic material and a sheath made of a second organic material, as the binder fibers.
- the melting point of the first organic material is higher than the melting point of the second organic material.
- the obtained mixture is put into a predetermined mold and pressurized by a press or the like, and the obtained molded body is heated, thereby melting the sheath portion of the binder fibers. Thereafter, by cooling the heated molded body, the regions where the binder fibers are in contact with each other are welded together. Further, the second organic material constituting the sheath portion that had been melted and the inorganic particles that were present around the binder fibers are welded to the surface of the binder fibers, that is, the organic fibers. Thereby, the heat insulating material 11 processed into a sheet shape can be obtained.
- the heat insulating material 11 is sandwiched between a pair of elastic sheets 16 prepared in advance, and a laminate consisting of the elastic sheet 16 and the heat insulating material 11 is placed on top of the planar resin film.
- the top surface of the laminate is also covered with a flat resin film.
- the planar film on the lower surface of the laminate and the planar resin film on the upper surface are heated while being pressed around the laminate to form the fused portion 14.
- the resin film around the laminate is contracted by heating to bring the resin film 12 into close contact with the outer surface of the laminate.
- a plurality of holes 13 are formed in the regions of the resin film that will become the first side film 12a and the second side film 12b.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 15 can be manufactured through the steps described above.
- the plurality of elliptical holes 13 may be formed in an elliptical shape in advance, or may be formed in an elliptical shape by heating and shrinking the resin film after forming the circular holes 13.
- the length of a pair of sides of the laminate and the length of a pair of fused parts in a direction parallel to the pair of sides, or the length of the fused part and the plane A method can be used to adjust the distance from the bent side of the shaped resin film.
- the method of enclosing the heat insulating material 11 in the first embodiment or the laminate of the heat insulating material 11 and the elastic sheet 16 in the second embodiment with the resin film 12 is not particularly limited, and as described above,
- shrink packaging which shrinks the film
- the assembled battery 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 20a, 20b, and 20c and a heat transfer suppression sheet according to the present embodiment, and the plurality of battery cells are connected in series or in parallel. It is something that
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 according to the present embodiment is interposed between a battery cell 20a and a battery cell 20b, and between a battery cell 20b and a battery cell 20c. Further, the battery cells 20a, 20b, 20c and the heat transfer suppression sheet 10 are housed in a battery case 30. Note that the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 is as described above.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 having a heat transfer suppressing effect exists between it and the battery cell 20b. , it is possible to suppress the propagation of heat to the battery cell 20b.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 according to the present embodiment since the heat insulating material 11 is included in the resin film 12, when the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 is assembled between each battery cell 20a, 20b, and 20c, powder It is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing dropping and improve work efficiency.
- the assembled battery 100 of this embodiment is not limited to the assembled battery illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 is applied not only between the battery cells 20a and 20b and between the battery cells 20b and 20c, but also between the battery cells 20a, 20b, 20c and the battery case 30. It may be arranged or attached to the inner surface of the battery case 30.
- the assembled battery 100 configured in this way, when a certain battery cell ignites, it is possible to suppress the flame from spreading to the outside of the battery case 30.
- the assembled battery 100 according to this embodiment is used in an electric vehicle (EV) or the like, and may be placed under a passenger's floor. In this case, even if the battery cell catches fire, the safety of the passenger can be ensured.
- the heat transfer suppressing sheet 10 can be placed not only between each battery cell but also between the battery cells 20a, 20b, 20c and the battery case 30, a new flame retardant material etc. can be prepared. There is no need to do so, and the assembled battery 100 can be easily configured at low cost and safe.
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Abstract
Description
上記特許文献1に記載の電池セル熱暴走バリアは、有機封止層内に閉じ込められた気体が高温に加熱された際に、例えば、断熱材の周縁部に形成された開口部から、気体が外部に排出されるように構成されている。
前記断熱材を内包する樹脂フィルムと、を有する熱伝達抑制シートであって、
前記樹脂フィルムは複数の孔を有し、前記断熱材の厚さ方向に直交する第1面及び第2面側に配置された第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムと、前記断熱材の厚さ方向に平行な端面側に配置された端面側フィルムとにより構成され、
前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルム全面積に対する、前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔の面積率は、前記端面側フィルム全面積に対する前記端面側フィルムにおける前記孔の面積率よりも大きいことを特徴とする、熱伝達抑制シート。
その結果、熱伝達抑制シートが、断熱材と、断熱材を内包し、複数の孔を備える樹脂フィルムとを有するものとし、断熱材の厚さ方向に直交する主面側の孔の面積率を、断熱材の厚さ方向に平行な端面側の孔の面積率よりも大きくすることが効果的であることを見出した。
<第1の実施形態>
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シートの構造を示す斜視図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート10は、無機粒子と、有機繊維と、を含む断熱材11と、断熱材11を内包する樹脂フィルム12とを有する。樹脂フィルム12には、複数の楕円形状の孔13が形成されている。また、樹脂フィルム12は、断熱材11の厚さ方向に直交する2主面、すなわち、第1面11a及び第2面11bをそれぞれ覆う第1面側フィルム12a及び第2面側フィルム12bと、断熱材11の厚さ方向に平行な4端面11cを覆う端面側フィルム12cとにより構成されている。そして、第1面側フィルム12a及び第2面側フィルム12bにおける孔13の面積率は、端面側フィルム12cにおける孔13の面積率よりも大きくなるように設計されている。
同様に、第1面側フィルム12a及び第2面側フィルム12bにおける孔13が、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bに略等間隔で複数配置されていると、隣り合う孔13同士が近づきすぎて、樹脂フィルム12に亀裂が発生することを抑制することができる。さらに、これらの複数の孔13が、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bにおける長手方向及び長手方向に直交する方向に沿って配列されていると、亀裂発生をより一層抑制することができる。
なお、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bにおける長手方向と、孔13の長径とが「略同一の方向」とは、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bにおける長手方向と、孔13の長径とが、厳密に同一の方向を向いているものに限るのではなく、孔13の長径が、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bにおける長手方向に沿って配向しているものも含む意である。
また、複数の孔13が、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bに「略等間隔」であるとは、孔13が、厳密に等間隔で複数配置されるものに限るのではなく、孔13が、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bに、パターン状に複数配置されるものも含む意である。
上記第1の実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート10は、断熱材11と、断熱材11の表面に密着する樹脂フィルム12とを有するものであったが、本発明は、必要に応じて断熱材11以外のものを有していてもよい。
これに対して、本実施形態においては、断熱材11の主面(第1面11a及び第2面11b)側に弾性シート16が配置されているため、電池セルが膨張した場合に応力を発生させることができ、電池セル20a、20b、20cへの押圧力を緩和することができるため、電池の性能を維持することができる。
<有機繊維>
有機繊維は、断熱材11に柔軟性を与える効果を有するとともに、有機繊維が骨格を形成することにより、断熱材11の強度を高める効果を有する。また、有機繊維の表面に無機粒子及び他の有機繊維が溶着されていると、シートの強度を向上させる効果及び形状を保持する効果をより一層向上させることができる。また、断熱材11に適切な含有量で有機繊維が含まれていると、断熱材11の内部に複数の空隙部が形成され、断熱材11が加熱された際に、空気や水分を、空隙部を介して外部に放出することができる。
本実施形態において、芯鞘構造のバインダ繊維を使用する場合に、芯部を構成する第1の有機材料は、芯部の外周面に存在する鞘部、すなわち第2の有機材料の融点よりも高いものであれば、特に限定されない。第1の有機材料としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン及びナイロンから選択された少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
第2の有機材料は、上記有機繊維を構成する第1の有機材料の融点よりも低いものであれば、特に限定されない。第2の有機材料としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン及びナイロンから選択された少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
なお、第2の有機材料の融点は、90℃以上であることが好ましく、100℃以上であることがより好ましい。また、第2の有機材料の融点は、150℃以下であることが好ましく、130℃以下であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態において、断熱材11における有機繊維の含有量が適切に制御されていると、骨格の補強効果を十分に得ることができる。
有機繊維の含有量は、断熱材11の全質量に対して5質量%以上であることが好ましく、10質量%以上であることがより好ましい。また、有機繊維の含有量が多くなりすぎると、無機粒子の含有量が相対的に減少するため、所望の断熱性能を得るためには、有機繊維の含有量は、断熱材11の全質量に対して25質量%以下であることが好ましく、20質量%以下であることがより好ましい。
有機繊維の繊維長については特に限定されないが、成形性や加工性を確保する観点から、有機繊維の平均繊維長は10mm以下とすることが好ましい。
一方、有機繊維を骨格として機能させ、熱伝達抑制シートの圧縮強度を確保する観点から、有機繊維の平均繊維長は0.5mm以上とすることが好ましい。
無機粒子として、単一の無機粒子を使用してもよいし、2種以上の無機粒子を組み合わせて使用してもよい。無機粒子の種類としては、熱伝達抑制効果の観点から、酸化物粒子、炭化物粒子、窒化物粒子及び無機水和物粒子から選択される少なくとも1種の無機材料からなる粒子を使用することが好ましく、酸化物粒子を使用することがより好ましい。また、形状についても特に限定されないが、ナノ粒子、中空粒子及び多孔質粒子から選択される少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましく、具体的には、シリカナノ粒子、金属酸化物粒子、マイクロポーラス粒子や中空シリカ粒子等の無機バルーン、熱膨張性無機材料からなる粒子、含水多孔質体からなる粒子等を使用することもできる。
(酸化物粒子)
酸化物粒子は屈折率が高く、光を乱反射させる効果が強いため、第1の無機粒子として酸化物粒子を使用すると、特に異常発熱などの高温度領域において輻射伝熱を抑制することができる。酸化物粒子としては、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、ジルコン、チタン酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛及びアルミナから選択された少なくとも1種の粒子を使用することができる。すなわち、無機粒子として使用することができる上記酸化物粒子のうち、1種のみを使用してもよいし、2種以上の酸化物粒子を使用してもよい。特に、シリカは断熱性が高い成分であり、チタニアは他の金属酸化物と比較して屈折率が高い成分であって、500℃以上の高温度領域において光を乱反射させ輻射熱を遮る効果が高いため、酸化物粒子としてシリカ及びチタニアを用いることが最も好ましい。
酸化物粒子の粒子径は、輻射熱を反射する効果に影響を与えることがあるため、平均一次粒子径を所定の範囲に限定すると、より一層高い断熱性を得ることができる。
すなわち、酸化物粒子の平均一次粒子径が0.001μm以上であると、加熱に寄与する光の波長よりも十分に大きく、光を効率よく乱反射させるため、500℃以上の高温度領域において熱伝達抑制シート内における熱の輻射伝熱が抑制され、より一層断熱性を向上させることができる。
一方、酸化物粒子の平均一次粒子径が50μm以下であると、圧縮されても粒子間の接点や数が増えず、伝導伝熱のパスを形成しにくいため、特に伝導伝熱が支配的な通常温度域の断熱性への影響を小さくすることができる。
本発明において、ナノ粒子とは、球形又は球形に近い平均一次粒子径が1μm未満のナノメートルオーダーの粒子を表す。ナノ粒子は低密度であるため伝導伝熱を抑制し、第1の無機粒子としてナノ粒子を使用すると、さらに細かい空隙部が分散するため、対流伝熱を抑制する優れた断熱性を得ることができる。このため、通常の常温域の電池使用時において、隣接するナノ粒子間の熱の伝導を抑制することができる点で、ナノ粒子を使用することが好ましい。
さらに、酸化物粒子として、平均一次粒子径が小さいナノ粒子を使用すると、電池セルの熱暴走に伴う膨張によって熱伝達抑制シートが圧縮され、内部の密度が上がった場合であっても、熱伝達抑制シートの伝導伝熱の上昇を抑制することができる。これは、ナノ粒子が静電気による反発力で粒子間に細かな空隙部ができやすく、かさ密度が低いため、クッション性があるように粒子が充填されるからであると考えられる。
なお、本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シートは、材料を含む混合物を、乾式法によりシート状に加工する製造方法を用いることが好ましい。したがって、無機粒子としては、熱伝導率が低い乾式シリカ、シリカエアロゲル等を使用することが好ましい。
ナノ粒子の平均一次粒子径を所定の範囲に限定すると、より一層高い断熱性を得ることができる。
すなわち、ナノ粒子の平均一次粒子径を1nm以上100nm以下とすると、特に500℃未満の温度領域において、熱伝達抑制シート内における熱の対流伝熱及び伝導伝熱を抑制することができ、断熱性をより一層向上させることができる。また、圧縮応力が印加された場合であっても、ナノ粒子間に残った空隙部と、多くの粒子間の接点が伝導伝熱を抑制し、熱伝達抑制シートの断熱性を維持することができる。
なお、ナノ粒子の平均一次粒子径は、2nm以上であることがより好ましく、3nm以上であることが更に好ましい。一方、ナノ粒子の平均一次粒子径は、50nm以下であることがより好ましく、10nm以下であることが更に好ましい。
無機水和物粒子は、発熱体からの熱を受けて熱分解開始温度以上になると熱分解し、自身が持つ結晶水を放出して発熱体及びその周囲の温度を下げる、所謂「吸熱作用」を発現する。また、結晶水を放出した後は多孔質体となり、無数の空気孔により断熱作用を発現する。
無機水和物の具体例として、水酸化アルミニウム(Al(OH)3)、水酸化マグネシウム(Mg(OH)2)、水酸化カルシウム(Ca(OH)2)、水酸化亜鉛(Zn(OH)2)、水酸化鉄(Fe(OH)2)、水酸化マンガン(Mn(OH)2)、水酸化ジルコニウム(Zr(OH)2)、水酸化ガリウム(Ga(OH)3)等が挙げられる。
2Al(OH)3→Al2O3+3H2O
上記に挙げた無機水和物の熱分解開始温度は、水酸化アルミニウムは約200℃、水酸化マグネシウムは約330℃、水酸化カルシウムは約580℃、水酸化亜鉛は約200℃、水酸化鉄は約350℃、水酸化マンガンは約300℃、水酸化ジルコニウムは約300℃、水酸化ガリウムは約300℃であり、いずれも熱暴走を起こした電池セルの急激な昇温の温度範囲とほぼ重なり、温度上昇を効率よく抑えることができることから、好ましい無機水和物であるといえる。
また、第1の無機粒子として、無機水和物粒子を使用した場合に、その平均粒子径が大きすぎると、断熱材11の中心付近にある第1の無機粒子(無機水和物)が、その熱分解温度に達するまでにある程度の時間を要するため、断熱材11の中心付近の第1の無機粒子が熱分解しきれない場合がある。このため、無機水和物粒子の平均二次粒子径は、0.01μm以上200μm以下であることが好ましく、0.05μm以上100μm以下であることがより好ましい。
熱膨張性無機材料としては、バーミキュライト、ベントナイト、雲母、パーライト等を挙げることができる。
含水多孔質体の具体例としては、ゼオライト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、酸性白土、珪藻土、湿式シリカ、乾式シリカ、エアロゲル、マイカ、バーミキュライト等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いる断熱材は、第1の無機粒子として無機バルーンを含んでいてもよい。
無機バルーンが含まれると、500℃未満の温度領域において、断熱材内における熱の対流伝熱又は伝導伝熱を抑制することができ、断熱材の断熱性をより一層向上させることができる。
無機バルーンとしては、シラスバルーン、シリカバルーン、フライアッシュバルーン、バーライトバルーン、及びガラスバルーンから選択された少なくとも1種を用いることができる。
無機バルーンの含有量としては、断熱材全質量に対し、60質量%以下が好ましい。
無機バルーンの平均粒子径としては、1μm以上100μm以下が好ましい。
熱伝達抑制シートに2種の無機粒子が含有されている場合に、第2の無機粒子は、第1の無機粒子と材質や粒子径等が異なっていれば特に限定されない。第2の無機粒子としては、酸化物粒子、炭化物粒子、窒化物粒子、無機水和物粒子、シリカナノ粒子、金属酸化物粒子、マイクロポーラス粒子や中空シリカ粒子等の無機バルーン、熱膨張性無機材料からなる粒子、含水多孔質体からなる粒子等を使用することができ、これらの詳細については、上述のとおりである。
金属酸化物としては、酸化ケイ素、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム、チタン酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、ジルコン、酸化ジルコニウム等を挙げることがでる。特に、酸化チタン(チタニア)は他の金属酸化物と比較して屈折率が高い成分であり、500℃以上の高温度領域において光を乱反射させ輻射熱を遮る効果が高いため、チタニアを用いることが最も好ましい。
金属酸化物からなる第2の無機粒子を熱伝達抑制シートに含有させる場合に、第2の無機粒子の平均一次粒子径は、1μm以上50μm以下であると、500℃以上の高温度領域で効率よく輻射伝熱を抑制することができる。第2の無機粒子の平均一次粒子径は、5μm以上30μm以下であることが更に好ましく、10μm以下であることが最も好ましい。
本実施形態において、断熱材11中の無機粒子の合計の含有量が適切に制御されていると、断熱材11の断熱性を十分に確保することができる。
無機粒子の合計の含有量は、断熱材11の全質量に対して60質量%以上であることが好ましく、70質量%以上であることがより好ましい。また、無機粒子の合計の含有量が多くなりすぎると、有機繊維の含有量が相対的に減少するため、骨格の補強効果及び無機粒子の保持効果を十分に得るためには、無機粒子の合計の含有量は、断熱材11の全質量に対して95質量%以下であることが好ましく、90質量%以下であることがより好ましい。
無機繊維として、単一の無機繊維を使用してもよいし、2種以上の無機繊維を組み合わせて使用してもよい。無機繊維としては、例えば、シリカ繊維、アルミナ繊維、アルミナシリケート繊維、ジルコニア繊維、カーボンファイバ、ソルブルファイバ、リフラクトリーセラミック繊維、エアロゲル複合材、マグネシウムシリケート繊維、アルカリアースシリケート繊維、チタン酸カリウム繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維、チタン酸カリウムウィスカ繊維等のセラミックス系繊維、ガラス繊維、グラスウール、スラグウール等のガラス系繊維、ロックウール、バサルトファイバ、ムライト繊維、上記以外の鉱物系繊維として、ウォラストナイト等の天然鉱物系繊維等が挙げられる。
これらの無機繊維は、耐熱性、強度、入手容易性などの点で好ましい。無機繊維のうち、取り扱い性の観点から、特にシリカ-アルミナ繊維、アルミナ繊維、シリカ繊維、ロックウール、アルカリアースシリケート繊維、ガラス繊維が好ましい。
本実施形態において、断熱材11が無機繊維を含む場合に、無機繊維の含有量は、断熱材11の全質量に対して3質量%以上15質量%以下であることが好ましい。
(ホットメルトパウダー)
本実施形態においては、上記バインダ繊維、無機粒子の他に、混合物中にホットメルトパウダーを含有させてもよい。ホットメルトパウダーは、例えば上記第1の有機材料及び第2の有機材料とは異なる第3の有機材料を含有し、加熱により溶融する性質を有する粉体である。混合物中にホットメルトパウダーを含有させ、加熱することにより、ホットメルトパウダーは溶融し、その後冷却すると、周囲の無機粒子を含んだ状態で硬化する。したがって、断熱材11の無機粒子の脱落をより一層抑制することができる。
無機粒子の脱落を抑制するために、断熱材の材料中にホットメルトパウダーを含有させる場合に、その含有量は微量でも粉落ち抑制の効果を得ることができる。したがって、ホットメルトパウダーの含有量は、断熱材の材料全質量に対して0.5質量%以上であることが好ましく、1質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
一方、ホットメルトパウダーの含有量を増加させると、無機粒子等の含有量が相対的に減少するため、所望の断熱性能を得るためには、ホットメルトパウダーの含有量は、断熱材の材料全質量に対して5質量%以下であることが好ましく、4質量%以下であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態において、弾性シート16としては、電池セル20a、20b、20cの変形に対して柔軟に変形する弾性を有するシートを使用することができる。このような弾性シート16としては、例えば、ゴム、エラストマー等を用いることができる。なお、ゴムとして、具体的には発泡シリコーン等が挙げられる。
弾性シート16の厚さは特に限定されないが、弾性シート16についての上記効果を効果的に得るために、1mm以上10mm以下とすることが好ましい。また、弾性シート16の厚さ方向に直交する方向の面の形状及び大きさは、断熱材11の第1面11a及び第2面11bと略同一であることが好ましい。
なお、「略同一」とは、両者のサイズの差が、両者の平均値の±5%まで、好ましくは±3%まで、より好ましくは±1%までは許容できるものとする。
樹脂フィルム12は、少なくとも上記断熱材11を内包するものであり、断熱材を構成する材料である粒子等の脱落を防止することができる。
樹脂フィルムを構成する材料としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、塩化ビニル、ナイロン、アクリル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニルスルフィド、ポリカーボネート及びアラミドから選択された少なくとも1種の樹脂を選択することができる。
本実施形態において、樹脂フィルム12は、断熱材等の外表面に密着し、粒子等の脱落を防止する効果を有するため、適切な厚さを有することが好ましい。さらに、樹脂フィルム12が、断熱材の形状に沿って少なくとも一部が密着した構成となるためには、樹脂フィルム12は適切な可撓性を有することが好ましい。
樹脂フィルム12の厚さが1mmを超えると、断熱材の形状に追従させることが困難となり、ひびや割れが発生するおそれがある。したがって、樹脂フィルム12の厚さは、1mm以下であることが好ましく、0.1mm以下であることがより好ましく、0.05mm以下であることがさらに好ましい。
一方、樹脂フィルム12の厚さの下限は特に限定されないが、電池セル等との摩擦により破れが発生しやすくなることを防止するために、0.005mm以上であることが好ましく、0.01mm以上であることがより好ましい。
また、樹脂フィルム12は、電池セル20a、20b、20cに接するため、難燃性を有することが好ましく、具体的には、無機物又は難燃材を含むことが好ましい。樹脂フィルム12を構成する材料として、無機物としては、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、バーミキュライト、ゼオライト、合成シリカ、ジルコニア、ジルコン、チタン酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、アルミナが挙げられ、難燃材としては、臭素系難燃剤、塩素系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、ホウ系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤及び、窒素含有化合物が挙げられる。
本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート15の製造方法の例について、以下に説明する。
例えば、芯鞘構造を有するバインダ繊維(図示せず)と無機粒子とを所定の割合でV型混合機などの混合機に投入し、混合物を作製する。
なお、上述のとおり、バインダ繊維としては、第1の有機材料からなる芯部と、第2の有機材料からなる鞘部とを有する芯鞘構造の繊維を使用することが好ましい。この場合に、第1の有機材料の融点は、第2の有機材料の融点よりも高いものとする。
本発明の実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート10を適用した、蓄電装置の一例である組電池の例は、上記図2に例示したとおりである。ここで、組電池の構成及び効果について、図2を用いて具体的に説明する。
図2に示すように、組電池100は、複数の電池セル20a、20b、20cと、本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シートと、を有し、該複数の電池セルが直列又は並列に接続されたものである。
例えば、図2に示すように、本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート10は、電池セル20aと電池セル20bとの間、及び電池セル20bと電池セル20cとの間に介在されている。さらに、電池セル20a、20b、20c及び熱伝達抑制シート10は、電池ケース30に収容されている。
なお、熱伝達抑制シート10については、上述したとおりである。
また、本実施形態に係る熱伝達抑制シート10は、断熱材11が樹脂フィルム12に内包されているため、各電池セル20a、20b、20cの間に熱伝達抑制シート10を組み込む際に、粉落ちを抑制する効果を得ることができ、作業性が向上する。また、これら電池セルが発熱し、熱伝達抑制シート10における断熱材11の温度が上昇した際に、断熱材11の内部等の空気が、断熱材11の端面側から勢いよく噴出することを防止することができるため、電池ケース30内の汚染を抑制することができる。
例えば、本実施形態に係る組電池100は、電気自動車(EV:Electric Vehicle)等に使用され、搭乗者の床下に配置されることがある。この場合に、仮に電池セルが発火しても、搭乗者の安全を確保することができる。
また、熱伝達抑制シート10を、各電池セル間に介在させるだけでなく、電池セル20a、20b、20cと電池ケース30との間に配置することができるため、新たに防炎材等を作製する必要がなく、容易に低コストで安全な組電池100を構成することができる。
11 断熱材
12 樹脂フィルム
13 孔
14 融着部
16 弾性シート
20a,20b,20c 電池セル
30 電池ケース
100 組電池
Claims (11)
- 無機粒子と、有機繊維と、を含む断熱材と、
前記断熱材を内包する樹脂フィルムと、を有する熱伝達抑制シートであって、
前記樹脂フィルムは複数の孔を有し、前記断熱材の厚さ方向に直交する第1面及び第2面側に配置された第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムと、前記断熱材の厚さ方向に平行な端面側に配置された端面側フィルムとにより構成され、
前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルム全面積に対する、前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔の面積率は、前記端面側フィルム全面積に対する前記端面側フィルムにおける前記孔の面積率よりも大きいことを特徴とする、熱伝達抑制シート。 - 前記端面側フィルムは、前記孔を有しないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔の1つあたりの平均面積は、前記端面側フィルムにおける前記孔の1つあたりの平均面積よりも大きいことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記端面側フィルムは、前記樹脂フィルム同士が融着した融着部を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔は、楕円形状であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記断熱材の第1面及び第2面は長方形の形状を有し、前記第1面側フィルム及び前記第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔は、前記断熱材の第1面及び第2面における長手方向に対して略同一の方向に長径を有する楕円形状であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記第1面側フィルム及び第2面側フィルムにおける前記孔は、前記断熱材の第1面及び第2面に略等間隔で複数配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記複数の孔は前記断熱材の第1面及び第2面における長手方向及び前記長手方向に直交する方向に沿って配列されていることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記断熱材は、複数の空隙部を有し、前記空隙部と前記樹脂フィルムの前記孔とが連通していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 前記断熱材の第1面と前記第1面側フィルムとの間、及び前記断熱材の第2面と前記第2面側フィルムとの間の少なくとも一方に、弾性シートを有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱伝達抑制シート。
- 複数の電池セルと、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の熱伝達抑制シートを有し、前記複数の電池セルが直列又は並列に接続された、組電池。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP23850127.4A EP4567973A1 (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2023-08-02 | Heat transfer suppression sheet and battery pack |
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| JP2022124246A JP7436582B1 (ja) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | 熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 |
| JP2022-124246 | 2022-08-03 |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP4567973A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7436582B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN220553505U (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024029573A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025182153A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-28 | 2025-09-04 | イビデン株式会社 | 熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 |
| WO2025204993A1 (ja) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | イビデン株式会社 | 電池パック用断熱材及び電池パック |
| WO2025220299A1 (ja) * | 2024-04-16 | 2025-10-23 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | 延焼防止シート、その製造方法およびそれを備えるバッテリー |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2615904A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-08-23 | Rogers Corp | Multilayer sheet for preventing thermal runaway |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020072005A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | イビデン株式会社 | 組電池用熱伝達抑制シート、シート構造体および組電池 |
| JP2020113361A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2020-07-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 電源装置及びこれを備える車両、蓄電装置並びに電源装置用セパレータ |
| WO2022024076A1 (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Battery cell thermal runaway barrier |
| JP2022110561A (ja) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-29 | イビデン株式会社 | 組電池用熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 |
| JP2022124246A (ja) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-25 | 株式会社Fdh | Pcbの処理方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-08-03 JP JP2022124246A patent/JP7436582B1/ja active Active
-
2023
- 2023-08-02 CN CN202322065251.5U patent/CN220553505U/zh active Active
- 2023-08-02 WO PCT/JP2023/028308 patent/WO2024029573A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-02 CN CN202310968793.5A patent/CN117525693A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-02 EP EP23850127.4A patent/EP4567973A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020113361A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2020-07-27 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 電源装置及びこれを備える車両、蓄電装置並びに電源装置用セパレータ |
| JP2020072005A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | イビデン株式会社 | 組電池用熱伝達抑制シート、シート構造体および組電池 |
| WO2022024076A1 (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Battery cell thermal runaway barrier |
| JP2022110561A (ja) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-29 | イビデン株式会社 | 組電池用熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 |
| JP2022124246A (ja) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-25 | 株式会社Fdh | Pcbの処理方法 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025182153A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-28 | 2025-09-04 | イビデン株式会社 | 熱伝達抑制シート及び組電池 |
| WO2025204993A1 (ja) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | イビデン株式会社 | 電池パック用断熱材及び電池パック |
| WO2025220299A1 (ja) * | 2024-04-16 | 2025-10-23 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | 延焼防止シート、その製造方法およびそれを備えるバッテリー |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN220553505U (zh) | 2024-03-01 |
| JP7436582B1 (ja) | 2024-02-21 |
| EP4567973A1 (en) | 2025-06-11 |
| JP2024027200A (ja) | 2024-03-01 |
| CN117525693A (zh) | 2024-02-06 |
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