WO2024019006A1 - ストループ検査方法、ストループ検査プログラム、ストループ検査システム、ストループ検査画像生成方法、ストループ検査画像生成プログラム、及び検査方法 - Google Patents
ストループ検査方法、ストループ検査プログラム、ストループ検査システム、ストループ検査画像生成方法、ストループ検査画像生成プログラム、及び検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
- A61B5/168—Evaluating attention deficit, hyperactivity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
- A61B5/163—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state by tracking eye movement, gaze, or pupil change
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
- A61B5/4076—Diagnosing or monitoring particular conditions of the nervous system
- A61B5/4088—Diagnosing of monitoring cognitive diseases, e.g. Alzheimer, prion diseases or dementia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
- G06F3/0346—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Stroop inspection method, a Stroop inspection program, a Stroop inspection system, a Stroop inspection image generation method, a Stroop inspection image generation program, and an inspection method for performing a Stroop inspection.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a cognitive dysfunction diagnostic device that aims to be simple, low-cost, objective, quantitative, and versatile.
- the Stroop test is known.
- the Stroop test is a neuropsychological test that utilizes the Stroop effect, and is mainly used clinically to evaluate the functions of the frontal lobe of the brain, including attentional functions.
- the Stroop effect is a phenomenon in which two or more pieces of information that a person sees at the same time, such as the meaning of a character and the color of a character, interfere with each other.
- the reaction time to select the information becomes longer and the error of selecting the wrong information increases. known (Stroop, 1935).
- a typical method of the Stroop test is for the test subject to answer orally or in writing to a string of characters indicating the name of the color written on the test sheet, or to a question regarding the color (ink). .
- the subject is instructed to answer the color of the presented ink, or to answer the meaning of a character string indicating the name of the presented color.
- the examiner calculates the evaluation by measuring the number of answers within the time limit in the Stroop test, the number of incorrect answers, and the time required to complete the test.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a Stroop test method and the like that can easily perform a test and easily obtain a quantitative evaluation.
- a Stroop test method is a Stroop test method that indicates an evaluation of the subject based on line-of-sight position information that indicates the position of the subject's line of sight in a test image.
- the test image includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question using his/her line of sight. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect answer options include a decoy option to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the Stroop test program acquires line-of-sight position information indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in a test image, and based on the acquired line-of-sight position information, performs an evaluation indicating the evaluation of the subject.
- a computer is caused to generate information and output the generated evaluation information.
- the test image includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question using his/her line of sight. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect answer options include a decoy option to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- a Stroop inspection system includes: an acquisition unit that acquires gaze position information indicating the position of the subject's gaze in an examination image;
- the evaluation unit includes an evaluation unit that generates evaluation information indicating an evaluation by an examiner, and an output unit that outputs the evaluation information generated by the evaluation unit.
- the test image includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question using his/her line of sight. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect answer options include a decoy option to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- a Stroop test image generation method generates a plurality of test images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition.
- Each of the plurality of test images includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a correct answer option and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question using his/her line of sight. and an answer area in which a plurality of options including the answer are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect answer options include a decoy option to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the predetermined conditions include (1) that the problem area is located in the center of the inspection image, (2) that the answer area is located around the problem area, and (3) that the decoy option in the inspection image includes that the correct answer option in the test image is different from the correct answer option in the test image that is then presented to the subject.
- a Stroop test image generation program causes a computer to generate a plurality of test images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition.
- Each of the plurality of test images includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a correct answer option and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question using his/her line of sight. and an answer area in which a plurality of options including the answer are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect answer options include a decoy option to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the predetermined conditions include (1) that the problem area is located in the center of the inspection image, (2) that the answer area is located around the problem area, and (3) that the decoy option in the inspection image includes that the correct answer option in the test image is different from the correct answer option in the test image that is then presented to the subject.
- a testing method is a testing method that evaluates the cognitive function of a subject based on gaze position information indicating a position of the subject's line of sight in a test image, the test method including: is presented to the subject for a predetermined period of time. The predetermined time is determined based on the difficulty of the test or the age of the subject.
- the test can be performed easily and quantitative evaluation can be easily obtained.
- Another advantage is that it is possible to objectively and quantitatively measure the extent of a subject's hesitation regarding incorrect choices, which could not be evaluated using conventional Stroop tests.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a Stroop inspection system in an embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the Stroop inspection system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of the Stroop inspection system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing another example of the appearance of the Stroop inspection system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the storage contents of the storage unit in the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the first image.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the second image.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the third image.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the fourth image.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a Stroop inspection system in an embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the Stroop inspection system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the Stroop inspection system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a timeline of images displayed on a display device in the Stroop test according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display example of a test image and a correct image.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a display example of a switching image.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of evaluation information of a test subject who has no impairment in cognitive function including attention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of evaluation information for a subject with impaired cognitive function including attention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the correlation between the evaluation of the examinee by the Stroop test system in the embodiment and the evaluation of the examinee by the conventional Stroop test.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a test image set for a Stroop task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a test image set for a Stroop control task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a test image set for a reverse Stroop task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a test image set for a reverse Stroop control task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- interview-based cognitive function tests have been used to evaluate and diagnose cognitive dysfunction and dementia.
- the tester asks the test subject questions to evaluate cognitive function and scores the content of the verbal or written answers to the questions, thereby determining the test subject's cognitive function score. calculate.
- a problem with such cognitive function tests is that the tests take a long time. For example, the simplest version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) takes about 15 to 30 minutes.
- MMSE Mini-Mental State Exam
- cognitive function tests have a problem in that they cause a great deal of psychological stress on the test subject.
- the level of proficiency of the examiner and differences in subjective scoring standards often affect the calculated cognitive function score, and there is a problem that the cognitive function score varies greatly due to these factors. There is also.
- Patent Document 1 In order to solve these problems, the inventor has proposed the cognitive dysfunction diagnosis device of Patent Document 1.
- cognitive function is a comprehensive term for brain functions such as attention, judgment, language ability, memory, and spatial recognition. Decline in attention and judgment can be seen as a phenomenon associated with fatigue or aging, but it also appears as one of the symptoms of various brain diseases including dementia. Therefore, evaluation of attentiveness and judgment is used as an important index in the diagnosis or evaluation of fatigue, age-related changes in the brain, or brain diseases.
- the Stroop test is known as a test for evaluating the functions of the frontal lobe of the brain, which mainly includes attention functions.
- Conventional Stroop tests include, for example, the "New Stroop Test I/II (Hakoda, Watanabe),” the “Modified Stroop Test (Perret, 1974),” and the “Position Stroop Test,” which is one of the tasks in the Standard Attention Test (CAT). Test” etc.
- CAT Standard Attention Test
- the inventor came to create the present invention.
- the inventor has found that it is possible to easily and quantitatively evaluate the functions of the frontal lobe of the brain, such as the examinee's attentiveness and judgment ability. I discovered that.
- each figure is a schematic diagram and is not necessarily strictly illustrated. Moreover, in each figure, the same reference numerals are attached to the same constituent members.
- FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a Stroop inspection system in an embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of the Stroop inspection system in the embodiment.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 includes a display device 10, an imaging device 20, and a PC (Personal Computer) 30.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 has a configuration in which a commercially available general PC 30 is used as a main control device, and a display device 10 and an imaging device 20 are further added.
- the display device 10 is a flat panel display having a display surface 11, and displays an inspection image for the Stroop test on the display surface 11. That is, in the embodiment, the test image is displayed on the display device 10 to be presented to the subject.
- the display device 10 is a large liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display that is easy to see even for elderly people, in order to show the test image to the subject.
- the display device 10 may be a monitor for a personal computer or a television receiver.
- the display device 10 may include a screen as the display surface 11 and a projector instead of a flat panel display.
- the imaging device 20 is a module that can be attached to the display device 10, and includes at least an imaging section 21 and a light source section 24 for capturing an image of the subject's eyes.
- the imaging unit 21 is a stereo camera that includes a camera 22 and a camera 23.
- Camera 22 and camera 23 are each, for example, an infrared camera. In other examples, camera 22 and camera 23 may each be a visible light camera.
- the imaging unit 21 may be a single camera instead of a stereo camera, or may be three or more cameras.
- the light source unit 24 includes a light source 25 and a light source 26 that irradiate the subject with infrared rays as illumination light.
- the light source 25 and the light source 26 each include, for example, one or more infrared LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes). In other examples, light source 25 and light source 26 may each include one or more white LEDs. Note that if the space in which the subject exists is sufficiently bright, the imaging device 20 does not need to include the light source section 24. Further, the imaging device 20 may be attached to the top of the display device 10, or the camera 22 and the camera 23 may be separated and attached to the left and right sides of the display device 10, respectively.
- the PC 30 includes a processor 31, a storage section 32, an input section 33, an audio output section 34, a display section 35, an interface section 36, a detection section 37, a creation section 38, and an evaluation section 39.
- the processor 31, storage section 32, input section 33, audio output section 34, display section 35, and interface section 36 are constructed of general hardware and software of commercially available computers. Ru.
- the other functional blocks, that is, the detection unit 37, the creation unit 38, and the evaluation unit 39 are components that are realized mainly when the processor 31 executes the Stroop test program in the embodiment.
- the processor 31 is a so-called CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes a program stored in the storage unit 32.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the storage unit 32 stores programs executed by the processor 31 and data processed by the processor 31. Furthermore, the storage unit 32 constitutes a database 315.
- the program 310 stored in the storage unit 32 includes a Stroop inspection program 311 and a Stroop inspection image generation program 312 in the embodiment, in addition to software such as various firmware, an OS (Operating System), and driver software.
- the data stored in the storage unit 32 includes inspection image data 300, viewpoint data 313, distribution map data 314, and the like.
- the storage unit 32 includes a main memory or primary memory composed of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), etc., and an auxiliary memory or secondary memory composed of an HDD (Hard Disc Drive) device or an SSD (Solid State Drive) device. memory and cache memory. That is, here, the storage unit 32 is a general term for components having a function of storing programs and data.
- DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
- HDD Hard Disc Drive
- SSD Solid State Drive
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the storage contents of the storage unit 32 in the embodiment.
- the storage unit 32 stores inspection image data 300, a program 310, viewpoint data 313, and distribution map data 314.
- the program 310 includes a Stroop inspection program 311 and a Stroop inspection image generation program 312.
- the storage unit 32 includes a database 315.
- the test image data 300 is a still image or a moving image created for the Stroop test. Further, the inspection image data 300 is a collection of a plurality of image data including first image data 301, second image data 302, third image data 303, and fourth image data 304. Each of the plurality of image data is an image created to perform a Stroop test.
- the first image data 301 is mainly image data related to the Stroop task
- the second image data 302 is mainly image data related to the Stroop control task
- the third image data 303 is mainly image data related to the reverse Stroop task
- the fourth image data is mainly image data related to the reverse Stroop control task.
- the Stroop test program 311 is a program executed by the computer, that is, the PC 30, which acquires line-of-sight position information indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in the test image for the Stroop test, and determines the position of the subject based on the acquired line-of-sight position information.
- a computer is caused to generate evaluation information indicating an evaluation by a person and to output the generated evaluation information.
- the Stroop test program 311 displays a test image for the Stroop test on the display surface 11, images the subject's eyes using the imaging unit 21, and displays images based on the images captured by the imaging unit 21.
- Evaluation information that detects the examinee's viewpoints in plane 11 in time series, creates a distribution map showing the distribution of the detected viewpoints of the examinee, and shows the evaluation of the examinee based on the created distribution map.
- the computer generates the evaluation information and displays the generated evaluation information on the display section 35.
- the function of the detection unit 37 that the PC 30 detects the subject's viewpoint on the display surface 11 in time series based on the image captured by the imaging unit 21. Further, it is the function of the creation unit 38 to create a distribution map showing the distribution of the viewpoints of the subjects from whom the PC 30 has been detected. Further, it is a function of the evaluation unit 39 that the PC 30 generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the subject based on the created distribution map. Furthermore, it is a function of the display section 35 that the PC 30 displays the generated evaluation information on the display section 35 .
- the Stroop test image generation program 312 is a program executed by the computer, that is, the PC 30, and causes the computer to generate a test image for the Stroop test.
- the Stroop test image generation program 312 will be described later [8. Stroop test image generation method] will be described in detail.
- the viewpoint data 313 is time-series data indicating the position and time of the viewpoint detected by the detection unit 37, and includes coordinate data (x, y, t).
- the distribution map data 314 is created by the creation unit 38, as will be described later in the explanation of the creation unit 38, and is obtained by sequentially plotting time-series viewpoints on a two-dimensional plane in real time according to viewpoint data. shows the two-dimensional distribution of viewpoints.
- the database 315 accumulates various data and the like. Note that the database 315 does not need to be a part of the storage unit 32 and may be provided outside the storage unit 32. Furthermore, the database 315 may be connected via a network such as the Internet.
- the storage unit 32 may also store diagnostic data indicating the diagnosis results of the subject.
- the input unit 33 includes, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a track pad, etc., and receives operations from an operator.
- the audio output unit 34 is, for example, a speaker, and outputs audio.
- the display unit 35 is, for example, a liquid crystal display, and displays an inspection image on which a distribution map is superimposed for the user's (in this case, the inspector) monitor. Further, the display unit 35 corresponds to an output unit that outputs the evaluation information generated by the evaluation unit 39.
- the interface unit 36 has a function of connecting with the display device 10 and the imaging device 20 via a cable, for example, and performing wired communication.
- the interface unit 36 includes, for example, an HDMI (registered trademark) (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) port and a USB (Universal Serial Bus) port.
- the interface section 36 is connected to the display device 10 via an HDMI (registered trademark) cable, and connected to the imaging section 21 and the light source section 24 via a USB cable.
- the interface unit 36 may have a function of wirelessly communicating with the display device 10 and the imaging device 20, for example. In this case, the above cable is unnecessary.
- the detection unit 37 detects the subject's viewpoint on the display surface 11 in time series based on the image captured by the imaging unit 21. For example, the detection unit 37 detects the subject's line of sight from the image captured by the imaging unit 21 and detects the coordinates of the point where the line of sight intersects the display surface 11 as the position of the subject's viewpoint on the display surface 11. do. Detection of the position of the viewpoint is performed periodically. The period may be set between several tens of ms and several hundred ms, for example, 100 ms.
- the detection unit 37 generates, for example, a set of coordinate data (x, y, t) including time in real time as viewpoint data representing the time-series viewpoint position of the subject.
- x and y are coordinates of a plane (for example, the display surface 11 or a diagnostic image)
- t is time.
- the creation unit 38 creates a distribution map showing the distribution of the subject's viewpoints detected by the detection unit 37.
- the creation unit 38 can also be said to be an “acquisition unit” that acquires line-of-sight position information indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in the examination image.
- the distribution map is, for example, a diagram in which marks (for example, colored dots) corresponding to the above coordinate data (x, y, t) are plotted on a two-dimensional plane, and is displayed in real time on the inspection image displayed on the display unit 35 of the PC 30. superimposed on For example, the mark may be displayed brighter as the viewpoint becomes more recent.
- the evaluation unit 39 generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the examinee based on the distribution map of the examinee created by the creating unit 38. In other words, the evaluation unit 39 generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the subject based on the gaze position information of the subject acquired by the acquisition unit.
- the evaluation information includes, for example, information indicating the degree to which the examinee paid attention to the correct answer option in the test image (in this case, the attention rate of the correct answer option), and information indicating the degree to which the examinee paid attention to the decoy option in the test image.
- the evaluation information includes the distribution map of the subject itself.
- PC 30 shown in FIGS. 1A and 2A may be a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or a desktop computer.
- FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the Stroop inspection system 1 in the embodiment.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 shown in FIG. 1B is different from the Stroop inspection system 1 shown in FIG.
- the points are different.
- the display device 10, the imaging device 20, the detection unit 37, and the creation unit 38 in FIG. 1A correspond to an eye tracking configuration for creating distribution map data indicating the distribution of the subject's viewpoints with respect to the inspection image.
- the configuration for creating distribution map data is separated from FIG. It shows the core configuration for generating .
- the acquisition unit 40 acquires distribution map data created by an external device and stores it in the storage unit 32.
- the distribution map data is used by the evaluation section 39. Note that the acquisition unit 40 only needs to be able to acquire at least distribution map data from an external device.
- the external device only needs to have a function to create a distribution map showing the time-series distribution of viewpoints of the subject through eye tracking, and the eye tracking method and the configuration for creating the distribution map do not matter. do not have.
- the external device may be communicably connected to the Stroop inspection system 1 through wired communication, or may be communicatively connected to the Stroop inspection system 1 through wireless communication.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 does not need to be a device having a large display device 10 like the external appearance example in FIG. 2A, and can be configured as a smart device.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing another example of the appearance of the Stroop inspection system 1.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a tablet-type smart device, and includes functionally the same components as those shown in FIG. 1A, such as a display device 10 and an imaging unit 21.
- the display device 10 in FIG. 2B also serves as the display device 10 in FIG. 2A and the display section 35 of the PC 30.
- a touch panel is formed on the surface of the display surface 11.
- the imaging unit 21 is a front camera of the smart device.
- the imaging unit 21 is used for eye tracking by detecting the position and movement of the eyes using facial recognition technology, for example.
- the light source section 24 may not be provided.
- An image is displayed on the display device 10 for the subject.
- a Stroop inspection program or a Stroop inspection image generation program is executed by a processor inside the tablet device according to the touch panel operation of the inspector.
- the smart device performs a Stroop test by being used alternately by the test subject and the tester, or by the tester showing the display device 10 to the test subject.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 as such a smart device may be configured with a tablet terminal, a smartphone, a laptop personal computer, or the like. Furthermore, the Stroop inspection program and the Stroop inspection image generation program are created as applications for these devices. Note that the Stroop inspection system 1 in FIG. 2B may have a configuration that includes functionally the same components as in FIG. 1B.
- the test image is rectangular.
- the first image p1 (see FIG. 4(a)) is presented to the test subject to obtain an answer
- the second image p2 (see FIG. 5(a)) is presented to the test subject.
- a test in which the third image p3 (see (a) in FIG. 6) is presented to the test subject and the fourth image p4 (see (a) in FIG. 7) is (see) to the test subject and obtain an answer.
- red is represented by solid line hatching
- blue is represented by broken line hatching
- green is represented by dot hatching
- yellow is represented by diamond-shaped hatching. This kind of color expression is the same in the drawings that appear later.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the first image p1.
- (a) of FIG. 4 shows the first image p1
- (b) of FIG. 4 shows the correct image p10 for the first image p1.
- the first image p1 is a test image for presenting the Stroop task to the subject to obtain an answer.
- the Stroop task is a task for confirming the influence of the Stroop effect on a subject, and in particular, a task for confirming the extent to which a subject is strongly influenced by interference from text.
- the first image p1 includes a question area p11 and an answer area p12.
- the problem area p11 is an area in which problems for the subject are displayed, and is located at the center of the first image p1 (that is, the examination image).
- the problem area p11 includes a character string indicating the color name (here, "yellow") and the color of the ink used in the character string (here, blue).
- a question statement in this case, ⁇ Please look at the color of the ink on this letter''
- the character string indicating the color name means an ink color different from the correct ink color.
- the answer area p12 is an area where a plurality of options (here, four options p121 to p124) selected by the subject to answer the question are displayed, and the answer area p12 is an area where the first image p1 (that is, the test image) is displayed. are located at multiple corners (here, four corners) of
- the plurality of options includes a correct answer option indicating a correct answer to the question for the subject, and one or more incorrect answer options indicating an incorrect answer to the question for the subject.
- the one or more incorrect options include a decoy option to which the subject can be guided by the Stroop effect. In other words, the decoy option is the option that most strongly interferes with the correct option among one or more incorrect options.
- the correct option is option p121, which is a character string indicating the correct ink color (here, "blue"), and is located in the upper left corner of the first image p1.
- one or more incorrect answer options are each a character string indicating the incorrect ink color (here, "red”, “green”, “yellow”).
- the three options p122 to p124 are located at each of the three corners of the first image p1 excluding the upper left corner. In the example shown in FIG.
- the decoy option is an option p124, which is a character string (here, "yellow") indicating the name of the color in the problem area p11, and is on the right side of the first image p1. Located in the bottom corner. In other words, the correct answer option and the decoy option are located diagonally across the problem area p11.
- the correct answer image p10 for the first image p1 is an image that presents the correct answer to the Stroop task to the subject, and as shown in FIG. 4(b), a problem area p11 similar to the first image p1,
- the correct answer option (here, option p121) is included.
- the correct answer options may be highlighted and displayed, for example, by being surrounded by a relatively thick line.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the second image p2.
- (a) of FIG. 5 shows the second image p2
- (b) of FIG. 5 shows the correct image p20 for the second image p2.
- the second image p2 is a test image for presenting the Stroop control task to the subject and obtaining an answer.
- the Stroop control task is a task for confirming whether or not the subject has the ability to answer the questions in the Stroop task before presenting the Stroop task to the subject.
- the Stroop control task is a task for confirming whether the subject can recognize the color of ink.
- the second image p2 includes a question area p21 and an answer area p22.
- the problem area p21 is an area in which problems for the subject are displayed, and is located at the center of the second image p2 (that is, the examination image).
- the problem area p21 includes a rectangular area filled with the correct ink color (in this case, blue), and a rectangular area filled with the ink color used for the rectangular area.
- a question statement here, "Please look at the color of this ink" asking about the color (here, blue) is displayed.
- the answer area p22 is an area where a plurality of options (here, four options p221 to p224) selected by the subject to answer the question are displayed, and the answer area p22 is an area where the second image p2 (that is, the test image) is displayed. are located at multiple corners (here, four corners) of The plurality of options includes a correct answer option indicating a correct answer to the question for the subject, and one or more incorrect answer options indicating an incorrect answer to the question for the subject. Note that in the Stroop control task, one or more incorrect answer choices do not include a decoy choice.
- the correct option is option p223, which is a character string indicating the correct ink color (here, "blue"), and is located in the upper right corner of the second image p2.
- one or more incorrect answer options are each a character string indicating the incorrect ink color (here, "green”, “red”, “yellow”).
- Three options p221, p222, and p224 are located at the three corners of the second image p2 excluding the upper right corner, respectively.
- the correct answer image p20 for the second image p2 is an image that presents the correct answer to the Stroop control task to the subject, and as shown in FIG. , the correct answer option (here, option p223).
- the correct options may be displayed in an emphasized manner, for example, by being surrounded by a relatively thick line.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the third image p3.
- (a) of FIG. 6 shows the third image p3, and (b) of FIG. 6 shows the correct image for the third image p3.
- the third image p3 is a test image for presenting the reverse Stroop task to the subject to obtain an answer.
- the reverse Stroop task is a task for confirming the influence of the Stroop effect on a subject, and in particular, a task for confirming the extent to which a subject is strongly affected by interference from color.
- the third image p3 includes a question area p31 and an answer area p32.
- the problem area p31 is an area in which problems for the subject are displayed, and is located at the center of the third image p3 (that is, the examination image).
- the problem area p31 includes a character string indicating the name of the color (here, "red”) and a question sentence asking about the meaning of the character string (here, red).
- the message "Please look at the color represented by this word” is displayed.
- the character string indicating the color name is expressed in an ink color (here, blue) that is different from the correct ink color.
- the answer area p32 is an area where a plurality of options (here, four options p321 to p324) selected by the subject to answer the question are displayed, and the third image p3 (that is, the test image) are located at multiple corners (here, four corners) of
- the plurality of options includes a correct answer option indicating a correct answer to the question for the subject, and one or more incorrect answer options indicating an incorrect answer to the question for the subject.
- the one or more incorrect options include a decoy option to which the subject can be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the correct answer option is option p322, which is a rectangular area filled with the correct ink color (red in this case), and is located in the lower left corner of the third image p3.
- one or more incorrect answer options are divided into three rectangular areas each filled with the incorrect ink color (in this case, blue, yellow, and green).
- Options p321, p323, and p324 are located at three corners of the third image p3, excluding the lower left corner.
- the decoy option is a rectangular area filled with the color (here, blue) used in the character string indicating the color name in the problem area p31.
- the option p321 is located at the upper left corner of the third image p3.
- the correct answer option and the decoy option are not located diagonally across the problem area p31, but even if they are located diagonally across the problem area p31. good.
- the correct answer image p30 for the third image p3 is an image that presents the correct answer to the reverse Stroop task to the subject, and as shown in FIG. , a correct answer option (here, option p322).
- the correct answer options may be displayed in an emphasized manner, for example, by being surrounded by a relatively thick line.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the fourth image p4. (a) of FIG. 7 shows the fourth image p4, and (b) of FIG. 7 shows the correct image p40 for the fourth image p4.
- the fourth image p4 is a test image for presenting the reverse Stroop control task to the subject and obtaining an answer.
- the reverse Stroop control task is a task to confirm whether or not the test subject has the ability to answer the questions in the reverse Stroop task before presenting the reverse Stroop task to the test subject. be.
- the reverse Stroop control task is a task for confirming whether the subject can recognize the meaning expressed by a character string.
- the fourth image p4 includes a question area p41 and an answer area p42.
- the problem area p41 is an area in which problems for the subject are displayed, and is located at the center of the fourth image p4 (that is, the examination image).
- the problem area p41 includes a character string indicating the name of the color (here, "red") and a question statement asking about the meaning of the character string (here, red).
- the message "Please look at the color represented by this word” is displayed.
- the ink color of the character string indicating the color name is an ink color (here, black) that is different from the ink colors that can be selected by the subject.
- the answer area p42 is an area where a plurality of options (here, four options p421 to p424) selected by the subject to answer the question are displayed, and the answer area p42 is an area where the fourth image p4 (that is, the examination image) is displayed. are located at multiple corners (here, four corners) of The plurality of options includes a correct answer option indicating a correct answer to the question for the subject, and one or more incorrect answer options indicating an incorrect answer to the question for the subject. In addition, in the reverse Stroop control task, one or more incorrect answer choices do not include a decoy choice.
- the correct answer option is option p423, which is a rectangular area filled with the correct ink color (red in this case), and is located in the upper right corner of the fourth image p4. To position.
- one or more incorrect answer options are divided into three rectangular areas each filled with the incorrect ink color (here, green, blue, and yellow).
- Options p421, p422, and p424 are located at three corners of the fourth image p4, excluding the upper right corner, respectively.
- the correct answer image p40 for the fourth image p4 is an image that presents the correct answer to the reverse Stroop control task to the subject, and as shown in FIG. and a correct answer option (here, option p423).
- the correct answer option may be displayed in an emphasized manner by, for example, being surrounded by a relatively thick line.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the Stroop inspection system 1 in the embodiment.
- the Stroop test process shown in FIG. 8 is mainly realized by the PC 30 executing the Stroop test program 311. Note that a calibration process for viewpoint detection may be executed before executing the Stroop test process shown in FIG. 8 .
- the PC 30 executes a process of displaying a test image for the Stroop test on the display device 10 (S101).
- the PC 30 acquires the subject's gaze position information regarding the examination image displayed on the display device 10 (S102).
- the PC 30 shown in FIG. 1A detects the position of the examinee's viewpoint in the examination image by the detection unit 37, and creates a distribution map of the examinee with respect to the examination image by the creation unit 38. , obtain the subject's gaze position information.
- the PC 30 shown in FIG. 1B uses the acquisition unit 40 to acquire gaze position information of the subject from an external device.
- the PC 30 generates evaluation information of the subject based on the acquired gaze position information (in other words, the created distribution map) (S103).
- the PC 30 sets the question area and answer area in the inspection image as a region of interest (ROI), and generates evaluation information by calculating the gaze rate in the region of interest.
- the gaze rate is a parameter that represents the ratio of the number of viewpoints of the subject in the region of interest to the total number of viewpoints of the subject during the time the inspection image is displayed, expressed as a percentage.
- the PC 30 calculates the gaze rate of the problem area, the gaze rate of the correct answer option, and the gaze rate of the decoy option.
- the PC 30 repeatedly executes steps S101 to S103 described above until all inspection images are displayed on the display device 10 (S104: No). That is, when a plurality of inspection images exist, the PC 30 sequentially displays the inspection images on the display device 10 at predetermined time intervals, and executes steps S101 to S103 described above each time an inspection image is displayed on the display device 10. do. Then, when the PC 30 displays all the inspection images on the display device 10 (S104: Yes), the PC 30 outputs the evaluation information by displaying the generated evaluation information on the display unit 35 (S105). Note that step S105 may be executed every time evaluation information is generated in step S103.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a timeline of images displayed on the display device 10 in the Stroop test according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display example of a test image and a correct image.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a display example of a switching image.
- the PC 30 first displays start images p51 and p52 in order on the display device 10 to notify the subject of the start of the Stroop test.
- the start image p51 includes a character string (here, "The test is about to begin") for notifying the subject of the start of the Stroop test in its center.
- the start image p52 includes a character string (here, "Please find the correct answer and look carefully") for explaining how to answer in the Stroop test at its center.
- the display time of the start image p51 is, for example, about 2.5 seconds
- the display time of the start image p52 is, for example, about 2.5 seconds.
- the PC 30 displays the test image (fourth image p4) for the reverse Stroop control task on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 sequentially displays a plurality of problem sets (for example, four problem sets) on the display device 10, with the fourth image p4 and the correct image p40 as one problem set.
- the display time of one problem set is, for example, about 8 seconds or 10 seconds.
- the PC 30 displays a fade-in image p8 showing a fade-in effect, a test image (here, the second image p2), as shown in FIG. , a correct image (here, correct image p20), and a fade-out image p9 showing a fade-out effect are displayed in order on the display device 10.
- the display time of the fade-in image p8 is, for example, about 0.5 seconds
- the display time of the test image is, for example, about 5 seconds or 7 seconds
- the display time of the correct image is, for example, about 2 seconds
- the display time of the test image is, for example, about 2 seconds.
- the display time of the image p9 is, for example, about 0.5 seconds. Note that when displaying one problem set on the display device 10, the PC 30 does not need to display the fade-in image p8 and the fade-out image p9 on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 displays a switching image p6 on the display device 10 to notify the subject that the subject of the Stroop test will be switched.
- the switching image p6 includes in its center a character string (here, "the type of question will change") for notifying the subject that the Stroop test task will be switched.
- the PC 30 sequentially displays a fade-in image p61 showing a fade-in effect, a switching image p6, and a fade-out image p62 showing a fade-out effect, as shown in FIG. Displayed on the device 10.
- the display time of the fade-in image p61 is, for example, about 0.5 seconds
- the display time of the switching image p6 is, for example, about 2 seconds
- the display time of the fade-out image p62 is, for example, about 0.5 seconds. Note that when displaying the switching image p6 on the display device 10, the PC 30 does not need to display the fade-in image p61 and the fade-out image p62 on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 displays the test image (third image p3) for the reverse Stroop task on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 sequentially displays a plurality of problem sets (for example, four problem sets) on the display device 10, with the third image p3 and the correct image p30 as one problem set.
- the way the problem set is displayed here is the same as the way the problem set is displayed in the reverse Stroop control task.
- the PC 30 displays the switching image p6 on the display device 10.
- the method of displaying the switching image p6 here is the same as the method of displaying the switching image p6 described above.
- the PC 30 displays the test image (second image p2) for the Stroop control task on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 sequentially displays a plurality of problem sets (for example, four problem sets) on the display device 10, with the second image p2 and the correct image p20 as one problem set.
- the way the problem set is displayed here is the same as the way the problem set is displayed in the reverse Stroop control task.
- the PC 30 displays the switching image p6 on the display device 10.
- the method of displaying the switching image p6 here is the same as the method of displaying the switching image p6 described above.
- the PC 30 displays the test image (first image p1) for the Stroop task on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 sequentially displays a plurality of problem sets (for example, four problem sets) on the display device 10, with the first image p1 and the correct image p10 as one problem set.
- the way the problem set is displayed here is the same as the way the problem set is displayed in the reverse Stroop control task.
- the PC 30 displays the switching image p6 on the display device 10.
- the method of displaying the switching image p6 here is the same as the method of displaying the switching image p6 described above.
- the PC 30 displays the end image p7 on the display device 10 to notify the subject of the end of the Stroop test.
- the end image p7 includes a character string (here, "This is the end of the test. Thank you for your hard work") for notifying the subject of the end of the Stroop test in its center.
- the display time of the end image p7 is, for example, about 2 seconds.
- the PC 30 displays the test image for the reverse Stroop control task (fourth image p4), the test image for the reverse Stroop task (third image p3), and the test image for the Stroop control task (the fourth image p4).
- the test images are displayed on the display device 10 in the order of the second image p2) and the test image for the Stroop task (the first image p1), the order is not limited to this.
- the PC 30 displays a test image for the Stroop control task (second image p2), a test image for the Stroop task (first image p1), a test image for the reverse Stroop control task (fourth image p4), and a test image for the reverse Stroop control task (the fourth image p4).
- Each test image may be displayed on the display device 10 in the order of the test image (third image p3) regarding the task.
- the PC 30 may omit displaying the test image for the Stroop control task (second image p2) and the test image for the reverse Stroop control task (fourth image p4).
- the PC 30 may omit displaying the correct answer image when displaying one problem set on the display device 10.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of evaluation information of a test subject (that is, a healthy person) who has no impairment in cognitive function including attention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of evaluation information of a test subject with a cognitive function disorder including attention (that is, a person with a cognitive disorder).
- Both (a) of FIG. 12 and (a) of FIG. 13 show that the test results (evaluation information) for the Stroop control task are displayed on the display unit 35.
- the second image p2 is displayed on the display unit 35.
- a distribution map of the subject is displayed in a superimposed manner on the second image p2.
- the subject's gaze rate of the correct answer option is displayed superimposed on the second image p2.
- FIG. 12(b) and FIG. 13(b) both show that the test results (evaluation information) for the Stroop task are displayed on the display unit 35.
- the first image p1 is displayed on the display unit 35.
- a distribution map of the subject is displayed in a superimposed manner on the first image p1.
- the subject's gaze rate for the correct answer option and the subject's gaze rate for the decoy option are superimposed on the first image p1. may be displayed.
- heat map information is expressed by dot shading. There is. In other words, the higher the density of the dots, the more concentrated the viewpoint is.
- both the healthy subjects and the cognitively impaired subjects focused on the correct option (here, option p221), and in the Stroop control task. Select the correct answer. Furthermore, the rate of attention to the correct answer options was 91.3% for the healthy subjects and 90.9% for the cognitively impaired subjects, and both of them reached the correct answer on the Stroop control task without any particular hesitation.
- the fact that the test subjects (in this case, healthy subjects and cognitively impaired subjects) reach the correct answer to the task without hesitation is quantitatively expressed as a high fixation rate. important for the evaluation of Therefore, by referring to the evaluation information shown in FIGS. 12(a) and 13(a), it can be seen that both healthy people and people with cognitive impairment are able to correctly recognize the color of ink. I understand.
- the healthy person's viewpoint is concentrated on the correct answer option (here, option p123) and selects the correct answer for the Stroop task. Moreover, the healthy person does not pay attention to the decoy option (here, option p122) at all. Focusing on the attention rate, healthy subjects' attention rate for the correct answer option was 95.2%, and the attention rate for the decoy option was 0%, allowing them to arrive at the correct answer to the Stroop task without hesitation. Therefore, by referring to the evaluation information shown in FIG. 12(b), it can be seen that a healthy person is hardly affected by the Stroop effect, that is, is hardly affected by interference from characters. Here, the fact that the test subject (in this case, a healthy person) receives almost no interference from the text is quantitatively expressed as a low fixation rate for the decoy option. It is important for the evaluation of people.
- the cognitively impaired person hardly pays attention to the correct answer options and does not select the correct answer for the Stroop task. Additionally, the perspective of people with cognitive impairments focuses on decoy options. Focusing on the rate of attention, the rate of attention for the correct option for people with cognitive impairment was 0.8%, and the rate of attention for the decoy option was 91.8%. Therefore, by referring to the evaluation information shown in FIG. 13(b), it can be seen that the cognitively impaired person is strongly affected by the Stroop effect, that is, interference from text.
- the fact that the test subject in this case, a person with cognitive impairment
- receives strong interference from text is quantitatively expressed as a high fixation rate for the decoy option, which is shown in the Stroop test. Important for patient evaluation.
- the evaluation information it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the examinee's attentiveness and judgment.
- the degree of correct answer in one question and the degree of influence of the Stroop effect are quantitatively expressed as continuous variables.
- the evaluation obtained for one question is only a discrete binary value of 1 point for a correct answer and 0 points for an incorrect answer.
- the degree of correct answers and the degree of influence of the Stroop effect can be expressed quantitatively as continuous variables, so the number of questions asked to the test subject can be reduced compared to the conventional Stroop test. It is possible to shorten the time required for the Stroop test.
- FIG. 14 a comparison result between the Stroop test system 1 according to the embodiment, that is, the Stroop test method according to the embodiment, and the conventional Stroop test will be described using FIG. 14.
- the vertical axis shows the examinee's fixation rate for the correct answer option in the Stroop test in the embodiment, and the horizontal axis represents the examinee's score in the conventional Stroop test.
- the vertical axis shows the subject's fixation rate for the decoy options in the Stroop test in the embodiment
- the horizontal axis shows the subject's score in the conventional Stroop test. There is.
- FIG. 14 shows the examinee's fixation rate for the correct answer option in the Stroop test in the embodiment, and the horizontal axis represents the examinee's score in the conventional Stroop test.
- the vertical axis shows the subject's fixation rate for the decoy options in the Stroop test in the embodiment
- the horizontal axis shows the subject's score in the conventional Stroop test.
- the vertical axis represents the subject's gaze rate on the problem area in the Stroop test according to the embodiment, and the horizontal axis represents the subject's score in the conventional Stroop test.
- the broken line represents a regression line
- "R” represents a correlation coefficient
- "P” represents a P value.
- the display time of the test image is 7 seconds
- the display time of the correct image is 1 second
- the display time of the switching image is 1 second.
- the results of the Stroop test in the embodiment show the results for a total of 4 Stroop tasks
- the results of the conventional Stroop test show the results for a total of 60 Stroop tasks in the new Stroop test I. Showing.
- the test subject's score on the conventional Stroop test represents the number of correct answers out of a total of 60 questions.
- the examinee's fixation rate for the correct answer option in the Stroop test in the embodiment increases as the examinee's score in the conventional Stroop test increases, It has a positive correlation with the test subject's score on the conventional Stroop test.
- the rate of fixation of the subject's decoy options in the Stroop test in the embodiment decreases as the subject's score in the conventional Stroop test increases. and has a negative correlation.
- the rate of fixation of the subject's problem area in the Stroop test in the embodiment decreases as the subject's score in the conventional Stroop test increases. and has a negative correlation.
- the Stroop test in the embodiment has the same effectiveness as the conventional Stroop test, although the number of questions presented to the examinee is small. Furthermore, the Stroop test in the embodiment can also evaluate a parameter that cannot be evaluated using the conventional Stroop test, such as the gaze rate of the problem area.
- the information about what kind of thinking process led to the correct or incorrect answer is essential information that reflects the degree of information interference in the Stroop effect, but conventional methods based on existing interview methods In the Stroop test, such information can only be inferred indirectly from the time required or the percentage of correct or incorrect answers. For this reason, in the conventional Stroop test, in order to obtain an accurate evaluation, it is necessary to pose many questions to the test subject, which increases the burden on the test subject and the tester.
- the line of sight position indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in the test image for the Stroop test is Information is acquired, and evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the subject is generated based on the acquired gaze position information. Therefore, in the Stroop test according to the embodiment, the thinking process of the examinee while displaying the test image (how much he/she was confused between the correct and incorrect options) is reflected as the degree of attention towards each option. For the first time, it became possible to express the Stroop effect as an objective continuous value.
- the Stroop test in the embodiment information such as the attention rate of the correct answer option or the attention rate of the decoy option can be obtained simultaneously from one task, so the influence of the Stroop effect can be quantitatively evaluated with a relatively small number of questions. It is possible to do so. Therefore, in the Stroop test according to the embodiment, the burden on the subject and the examiner can be reduced compared to the conventional Stroop test.
- the test is performed at predetermined intervals. The image is forcibly shifted to the next inspection image. Therefore, in the Stroop test according to the embodiment, it is also possible to quantitatively evaluate whether the test subject was able to select the correct answer option within a predetermined time, that is, the answer time allotted for each question.
- the Stroop test system 1 in the embodiment that is, the Stroop test method
- the Stroop test method has the advantage that the test can be performed easily and quantitative evaluation can be easily obtained. If the Stroop test according to the embodiments makes it possible to more easily and quantitatively evaluate the Stroop effect, it will be widely used in clinical or health care as a simple testing method for cognitive dysfunction such as dementia. It is expected that it will be utilized in the field.
- the test image is rectangular, and multiple options in the answer area are located at multiple corners (that is, four corners). Therefore, in the embodiment, the distance from the problem area to each option is equal, in other words, the position of each option with respect to the problem area is equivalent, so there is an advantage that it becomes easier to evaluate the test subject more accurately.
- the distance from the problem area to the option affects the time it takes for the subject's line of sight to reach the option from the problem area, and ultimately the gaze rate within a limited time after reaching the option.
- the gaze rate of the correct option indirectly takes into account the time it takes for the examinee's line of sight to reach the correct option, and the time depends on the distance from the problem area to the correct option.
- each option by arranging each option as described above, the distance between the problem area and each option can be made as long as possible even when the accuracy of detecting the subject's line of sight by eye tracking is relatively low. This also has the advantage of making it difficult to incorrectly evaluate answers based on the subject's line of sight.
- the correct answer option and the decoy option are located diagonally across the problem area. Therefore, the embodiment has the advantage that, in the process of directing the examinee's gaze to either the correct option or the decoy option, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the subject unconsciously (accidentally) sees the other option. There is. For example, when a test subject looks at a decoy option, the test subject is intentionally looking at the correct answer, believing that the answer is correct. This has the advantage of making it easier for the examiner to assess whether he or she is being guided by the decoy option.
- the evaluation information includes information indicating the degree to which the subject gazed at the correct answer options (here, the gaze rate of the correct answer options).
- the embodiment has an advantage in that it is possible to grasp the improvement in the rate of fixation of correct answer options by the test subject when the same type of question is repeatedly presented to the test subject for one task.
- by focusing on the rate of fixation of the correct answer option by the test subject in the question immediately after the task presented to the test subject is switched it is easy to accurately evaluate the influence of the Stroop effect on the test subject.
- the influence of the Stroop effect on the examinee that is, the interference from text or color, is strongest in the question immediately after the task is switched.
- the evaluation information includes information indicating the degree to which the subject gazed at the decoy options (here, the attention rate of the decoy options). Therefore, the embodiment has the advantage that it is possible to quantify the degree to which the subject was guided by the decoy option, in other words, the degree to which the subject was influenced by the Stroop effect. In this way, in the embodiment, since the above two pieces of information are included in the evaluation information, it is easy to evaluate the attentiveness to understand the question correctly and the attentiveness to focus on the correct answer after understanding the question. It has the advantage of being.
- the Stroop test image generation method is a method for generating test images for Stroop tests.
- the test image generated by the Stroop test image generation method is stored in the storage unit 32 as test image data 300.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a Stroop test image generation method in the embodiment.
- the Stroop test image generation process shown in FIG. 15 is realized by the PC 30 executing the Stroop test image generation program 312.
- the Stroop test image generation method includes multiple sets of test images for the Stroop task, multiple sets of test images for the Stroop control task, multiple sets of test images for the reverse Stroop task, and tests for the reverse Stroop control task. Generate multiple sets of images.
- Each of the plurality of sets includes a plurality of questions, in other words, a plurality of test images.
- the Stroop test image generation method shown in FIG. 15 shows a basic example of generating a test image set for one of these tasks.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for each question (S201).
- the PC 30 determines decoy options for each question (S202).
- the PC 30 determines a decoy option for each question to be different from the correct answer option and the correct answer option for the next question.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option in the test image for each question (S203).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for each question so that it is on the opposite side in the vertical direction from the position of the correct answer option for the previous question.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option in the test image for each question (S204).
- step S204 the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for each question so that it is on the opposite side of the correct answer option in the vertical direction. Then, the PC 30 determines the positions of the remaining incorrect answer options in the test image for each question (S205). As a result, a test image set for one subject is generated.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of test image data for a Stroop task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- “ink color (correct answer)” represents the correct answer option
- “text (interference)” represents the decoy option.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of test image data for a Stroop control task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of test image data for a reverse Stroop task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of test image data for a Stroop task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of test image data for a reverse Stroop control task generated by the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment.
- Each inspection image data includes two series (here, series A and series B). Additionally, each series includes four sets. Each set includes four questions (that is, test images). Therefore, here, the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment generates a total of 32 test images for one task, and a total of 128 test images for four tasks. Note that the number of series, the number of sets included in one series, and the number of questions (that is, test images) included in one set may be arbitrary.
- the PC 30 generates a first set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 determines the initial parameter, that is, the correct answer option for the first question (here, the correct ink color).
- the PC 30 determines the initial parameters by accepting input of initial parameters by the operator through the input unit 33, for example. In addition, the PC 30 may randomly determine the initial parameters by itself.
- the PC 30 alternately determines the correct answer option for the second question, the correct answer option for the third question, and the fourth correct answer option such that the number of characters in the correct answer option is either 2 or 3 characters.
- the PC 30 determines the decoy options for each question.
- the PC 30 sets the ink color of the decoy option of each question to be different from the ink color of the correct answer option, different from the ink color of the correct answer option of the next question, and basically the number of characters of the correct answer option. The number of characters is determined to be different from . Note that if there is no ink color that satisfies the third condition, the PC 30 may determine an ink color with the same number of characters as the correct option as the ink color of the decoy option.
- the PC 30 determines the position of each option in the inspection image for each question.
- the PC 30 randomly determines the position of the correct answer option for the first question.
- the PC 30 sets the position of the correct answer option for the second and subsequent questions on either the left or right side, which is opposite to the position of the correct answer option of the previous question in the vertical direction, and the position of the correct answer option of other questions in the same set. Decide to avoid duplication.
- the PC 30 places an incorrect answer option with an ink color that has a different number of characters from the number of characters in the correct answer option next to the correct answer option in the left and right direction, so as not to overlap with the incorrect answer option in the previous question if possible. Deploy.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for each problem on either the left or right side, which is opposite to the position of the correct answer option in the vertical direction, and so that it does not overlap with the position of the decoy option of other questions in the same set. . In this way, the PC 30 generates the first set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 generates a second set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the first question so that it does not appear as a correct answer option in at least the previous question and the question before the previous one, and does not overlap with the correct answer option for the first question in the previous set.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the second question so that it does not appear as a correct answer option in at least the previous question and the question before the previous question, and does not overlap with the correct answer option for the first question.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the third question and the correct answer option for the fourth question so that they do not overlap with the order of the correct answer option for the third question and the correct answer option for the fourth question in the previous set.
- the PC 30 determines the decoy options for each question.
- the PC 30 sets the ink color of the decoy option of each question to be different from the ink color of the correct answer option, different from the ink color of the correct answer option of the next question, and basically the number of characters of the correct answer option. The number of characters is determined to be different from . Note that if there is no ink color that satisfies the third condition, the PC 30 may determine an ink color with the same number of characters as the correct option as the ink color of the decoy option.
- the PC 30 determines the position of each option in the inspection image for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the first question to be adjacent in the left and right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the second question of the previous set (first set).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the second question to be adjacent in the left and right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the second question of the previous set (first set).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the third question to be adjacent in the left and right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the third question of the previous set (first set).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the fourth question to be adjacent in the left-right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the fourth question of the previous set (first set). That is, the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for each question to be the position opposite to the position of the correct answer option of the previous question in the vertical direction.
- the "previous question” here corresponds to the fourth question of the previous set in the case of the first question.
- the PC 30 adds an incorrect answer option with an ink color that has a different number of characters from the number of characters in the correct answer option next to the correct answer option in the left and right direction, if possible, and also adds an incorrect answer option that does not overlap with the incorrect answer option in the previous question. Place it like this.
- the PC 30 sets the position of the decoy option for each problem on either the left or right side opposite to the position of the correct answer option in the vertical direction, and so that it does not overlap with the position of the decoy option for the same problem in the previous set. decided on. For example, the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the first question so as not to overlap with the position of the decoy option for the first question of the first set. In this way, the PC 30 generates the second set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 generates a third set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the first question as the correct answer option for the first question of the first set.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the second question so that it does not appear as a correct answer option in at least the previous question and the question before the previous one, and does not overlap with the correct answer option for the second question in the first set.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the third question to be a color with the same number of characters as the correct answer option for the second question.
- the PC 30 determines the ink color of the correct answer option for the fourth question to be an ink color that has not yet been used in the same set.
- the PC 30 determines the decoy options for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the ink color of the decoy option for each question to be different from the ink color of the correct answer option and different from the ink color of the correct answer option of the next question. Further, the PC 30 determines the ink color for the decoy option of the first question to have the same number of characters as the correct answer option. Note that if there is no ink color that satisfies the third condition, the PC 30 may determine an ink color with the same number of characters as the correct option as the ink color of the decoy option.
- the PC 30 determines the position of each option in the inspection image for each question.
- the PC 30 sets the position of the correct answer option of the first question to be on the opposite side in the vertical direction from the position of the correct answer option of the first question of the first set, and to Determine the position so that it does not overlap with the position of question 4.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the second question to be on the opposite side in the vertical direction to the position of the correct answer option for the first question, but at the same position on the left and right.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the third question to be adjacent in the left-right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the first question.
- the position is the position opposite to the position of the correct answer option for the second question in the vertical direction.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the fourth question at a position that has not yet been used in the same set.
- the PC 30 adds an incorrect answer option with an ink color that has a different number of characters from the number of characters in the correct answer option next to the correct answer option in the left and right direction, if possible, and also adds an incorrect answer option that does not overlap with the incorrect answer option in the previous question. Place it like this.
- the PC 30 sets the position of the decoy option for the first question on either the left or right side, which is opposite to the position of the correct answer option in the vertical direction, and so that it does not overlap with the position of the decoy option for the fourth question of the second set. decide.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the second question on the diagonal of the test image, on the opposite side of the correct answer option across the question area.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the third question to be adjacent in the left-right direction to the position of the decoy option for the first question.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the fourth question at a position that has not yet been used in the same set. In this way, the PC 30 generates the third set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 generates a fourth set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the first question so that it does not appear as a correct answer option in at least the previous question and the question before the previous one, and does not overlap with the correct answer option for the first question in the previous set.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the second question so that it does not appear as a correct answer option in at least the previous question and the question before the previous question, and does not overlap with the correct answer option for the first question.
- the PC 30 determines the correct answer option for the third question and the correct answer option for the fourth question so that they do not overlap with the order of the correct answer option for the third question and the correct answer option for the fourth question in the previous set.
- the PC 30 determines the decoy options for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the ink color of the decoy option for each question to be different from the ink color of the correct answer option and different from the ink color of the correct answer option of the next question. Further, the PC 30 determines the ink color for the decoy option of the first question to have the same number of characters as the correct answer option. Note that if there is no ink color that satisfies the third condition, the PC 30 may determine an ink color with the same number of characters as the correct option as the ink color of the decoy option.
- the PC 30 determines the position of each option in the inspection image for each question.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the first question to be adjacent in the left-right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the first question of the previous set (third set).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the second question to be adjacent in the left-right direction to the position of the correct answer option for the second question of the previous set (third set).
- the PC 30 determines the position adjacent to the correct answer option for the second question in the left and right direction.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for the fourth question at a position that has not yet been used in the same set.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the correct answer option for each question to be the position opposite to the position of the correct answer option of the previous question in the vertical direction.
- the PC 30 adds an incorrect answer option with an ink color that has a different number of characters from the number of characters in the correct answer option next to the correct answer option in the left and right direction, if possible, and also adds an incorrect answer option that does not overlap with the incorrect answer option in the previous question. Place it like this.
- the PC 30 sets the position of the decoy option for the first question on either the left or right side, which is opposite to the position of the correct answer option in the vertical direction, and the position of the decoy option for the first question in the previous set (third set). Decided not to overlap.
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option of the second question so as not to overlap with the position of the decoy option of the second question of the previous set (third set).
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the third question on either the left or right side, which is opposite to the position of the correct answer option in the vertical direction, and so that it does not overlap with the position of the decoy option in the first question. .
- the PC 30 determines the position of the decoy option for the fourth question at a position that has not yet been used in the same set. In this way, the PC 30 generates the fourth set of test images for the Stroop task.
- the PC 30 Based on the generated test image set for the Stroop task, the PC 30 replaces the character string indicating the ink color of each option with a rectangular area filled with the ink color. In this way, the PC 30 generates the first to fourth sets of test images for the Stroop control task.
- the PC 30 Based on the generated test image set for the Stroop task, the PC 30 rewrites the "ink color (correct answer)" column of the task to "letter (correct answer)” and converts the ink color name to black hiragana, Rewrite the "Character (interference)” column in the task to "Ink color (interference)” and convert the names of ink colors to the kanji that represent each color. Then, the PC 30 gives a background color to each option according to the name of the ink color. In this way, the PC 30 generates the first to fourth sets of test images for the reverse Stroop task. Note that in the Stroop test, hiragana among the options are not displayed on the display device 10.
- the PC 30 deletes the "ink color (interference)" of the task based on the generated test image set for the reverse Stroop task. In this way, the PC 30 generates the first to fourth sets of test images for the reverse Stroop control task.
- the PC 30 uses a series different from the series used in other tasks, for example, to avoid duplication of problem patterns with other tasks. , use a set different from the set used in other assignments, or use each problem in reverse order.
- the advantages of the Stroop test image generation method in the embodiment will be explained.
- the questions presented to the test subject are fixed, and if the test subject repeats the Stroop test, the test subject will memorize the questions and answers, reducing the effectiveness of the Stroop test. The problem is that it may be lost.
- the test image set used in the Stroop test can be randomly generated while following a predetermined rule. Therefore, if the Stroop test image generation method according to the embodiment is used, even if the test subject repeatedly performs the Stroop test, the test subject will not memorize the questions and answers, so the effectiveness of the Stroop test can be improved. It has the advantage of not losing its sexiness.
- the correct option and the decoy option do not have to be located diagonally.
- the correct answer option and the decoy option may be located on any straight line forming the cross.
- the multiple options in the answer area do not need to be located at each of the corners, but only need to be located around the question area.
- the multiple options may be located at equal intervals on the circumference surrounding the problem area.
- the problem area does not need to be located at the center of the inspection image.
- the problem area may be located in the upper half of the test image, and the answer area may be located in the lower half.
- the inspection image is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be, for example, a polygonal shape other than a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or the like.
- the predetermined time which is the interval at which the inspection images are displayed on the display device 10, is fixed, but the time is not limited to this.
- the predetermined time may be determined based on the difficulty of the Stroop test or the age of the subject. That is, the predetermined time may be variable depending on the subject. For example, when the subject is a young person, the predetermined time may be set relatively short, and when the subject is an elderly person, the predetermined time may be set relatively long. Further, for example, if the difficulty of the Stroop test is high, the predetermined time may be set relatively short, and if the difficulty is low, the predetermined time may be set relatively long.
- the difficulty level of the Stroop test that the test subject takes is determined by, for example, the rate of attention to the correct answer option and the rate of attention to the problem area in each test when multiple Stroop tests are taken at different predetermined times. It is possible to decide based on For example, if the rate of attention to the correct answer option and the rate of attention to the problem area in each test are high, the difficulty level of the next Stroop test may be increased. Further, for example, if the rate of attention to the correct answer option and the rate of attention to the problem area in each test are low, the difficulty level of the next Stroop test may be lowered.
- the difficulty level of the Stroop test can be changed without changing the predetermined time.
- the evaluation unit 39 when generating evaluation information in the evaluation unit 39, by making the time to be evaluated in the distribution map shorter than a predetermined time, a state similar to the case where the predetermined time is shortened in a pseudo manner, that is, It is possible to realize a state in which the difficulty level of the Stroop test is increased. In this case, even if the test subject does not undergo a more difficult Stroop test such as by shortening the predetermined time, the test subject will be able to perform the It has the advantage of being able to evaluate
- the mode of changing the predetermined time according to the difficulty of the test or the age of the subject is not limited to the Stroop test, but can also be applied to other tests using eye tracking.
- the test method is a test method that shows the evaluation of the cognitive function of the test subject based on gaze position information that indicates the position of the test subject's line of sight in the test image
- the test method is a test method that shows the evaluation of the cognitive function of the test subject based on the gaze position information that indicates the position of the test subject's line of sight in the test image. It may also be a method of presenting the information to a person.
- the predetermined time may be determined based on the difficulty level of the test or the age of the subject.
- a plurality of test images may be presented to the subject in order, or a single test image may be presented to the subject.
- the Stroop test in the above embodiment can also be applied to the "Position Stroop Test", for example.
- the kanji characters "upper”, “middle”, and “lower” are randomly displayed in each of the upper, middle, and lower rows, and in the answer area, "upper", “lower”, It is sufficient that the kanji characters representing the correct and incorrect options such as "middle” and “lower” are displayed.
- the evaluation unit 39 then evaluates whether or not the subject can focus on the options indicating the positions of the kanji characters without being confused by the meanings of the kanji characters.
- test image is presented to the subject by being displayed on the display device 10, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the test image may be presented to the subject by being displayed on paper.
- eye tracking makes it possible to obtain the locus of the examinee's line of sight in the examination image represented on the paper.
- the Stroop test image generation method may be at least the following method. That is, the Stroop test image generation method generates at least a plurality of test images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition.
- Each of the plurality of test images includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question by looking at the question. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the predetermined conditions are (1) that the problem area is located in the center of the test image, (2) that the answer region is located around the problem region, and (3) that the decoy options in the test image are located in the center of the test image. This includes a correct answer option and a difference from the correct answer option in the next test image presented to the subject.
- the Stroop test method of the first aspect evaluates the subject based on the line-of-sight position information indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in the test image (S102 to S105).
- the test image displays a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of options including a correct answer option and one or more incorrect answer options for the test subject to select to answer the question by looking at the question. and a response area.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- a character string indicating the name of a color different from the correct color is asked, and the color used in the character string is asked.
- the correct answer option (option p121) is a character string indicating the color of the correct answer.
- the decoy option (option p124) is a character string indicating the name of the color in the problem area p11.
- a character string indicating the name of a color expressed in a color different from the correct color and a question about the meaning of the character string are provided in the problem area p31.
- the correct answer option (option p322) is an area filled with the color of the correct answer.
- the decoy option (option p321) is an area filled with the color used in the character string indicating the color name in the problem area p31.
- the problem area is located at the center of the test image, and the answer area is located around the problem area.
- the examinee's line of sight tends to scatter, and the examinee's line of sight to each option overlaps.
- the advantage is that it is difficult to do.
- the inspection image has a rectangular shape in the fourth aspect.
- the multiple options in the answer area are located at multiple corners of the test image.
- the correct answer option and the decoy option are located diagonally across the problem area.
- any one of the first to sixth aspects there is a plurality of inspection images.
- a plurality of inspection images are sequentially displayed at predetermined time intervals.
- the predetermined time is determined based on the difficulty level of the Stroop test or the age of the subject.
- the evaluation includes information indicating the degree to which the test subject gazed at the correct answer option, and information indicating the degree to which the test subject gazed at the decoy option. and information indicating the degree of
- the evaluation further includes information indicating the degree to which the subject focused on the problem area.
- test image is presented to the subject by being displayed on the display device 10.
- test image is easier to present to the test subject compared to the case where the test image represented on paper is presented to the test subject.
- the Stroop test program of the twelfth aspect acquires gaze position information indicating the position of the examinee's gaze in the examination image, and generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the examinee based on the acquired gaze position information.
- the computer generates the evaluation information and outputs the generated evaluation information.
- the test image displays a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of options including a correct answer option and one or more incorrect answer options for the test subject to select to answer the question by looking at the question. and a response area.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the Stroop inspection system 1 of the thirteenth aspect includes an acquisition section (detection section 37 and creation section 38, or acquisition section 40), an evaluation section 39, and an output section (display section 35).
- the acquisition unit acquires gaze position information indicating the position of the subject's gaze in the examination image.
- the evaluation unit 39 generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation of the subject based on the gaze position information acquired by the acquisition unit.
- the output unit outputs the evaluation information generated by the evaluation unit 39.
- the test image displays a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of options including a correct answer option and one or more incorrect answer options for the test subject to select to answer the question by looking at the question. and a response area.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the Stroop test image generation method of the fourteenth aspect generates a plurality of test images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition (S201 to S205).
- Each of the plurality of test images includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question by looking at the question. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the predetermined conditions are (1) that the problem area is located in the center of the test image, (2) that the answer region is located around the problem region, and (3) that the decoy options in the test image are located in the center of the test image. This includes a correct answer option and a difference from the correct answer option in the next test image presented to the subject.
- the predetermined condition is (4) positioning the correct answer option in each of the plurality of test images immediately before the test image with the problem area in between.
- the method further includes: placing the correct answer option on the opposite side of the test image presented to the person.
- the predetermined condition is (5) the position of the decoy option in each of the plurality of test images is set so that the correct answer is placed across the problem area. further comprising being opposite to the position of the option.
- the predetermined condition is (6) the test image is rectangular, and the plurality of options in the answer area is , respectively located at a plurality of corners of the inspection image.
- the examinee's line of sight tends to scatter, and the examinee's line of sight to each option overlaps.
- the advantage is that it is difficult to do.
- the predetermined condition further includes (7) that the correct answer option and the decoy option are located diagonally across the problem area. include.
- the Stroop test image generation program of the nineteenth aspect causes the computer to generate a plurality of test images so as to satisfy a predetermined condition.
- Each of the plurality of test images includes a problem area in which a question for the test subject is displayed, and a plurality of correct answer options and one or more incorrect answer options that the test subject selects to answer the question by looking at the question. and an answer area where options are displayed.
- the one or more incorrect choices include decoy choices to which the subject may be guided by the Stroop effect.
- the predetermined conditions are (1) that the problem area is located in the center of the test image, (2) that the answer region is located around the problem region, and (3) that the decoy options in the test image are located in the center of the test image. This includes a correct answer option and a difference from the correct answer option in the next test image presented to the subject.
- the testing method of the 20th aspect evaluates the cognitive function of the subject based on gaze position information indicating the position of the subject's line of sight in the inspection image.
- the test images are sequentially presented to the subject for a predetermined period of time.
- the predetermined time is determined based on the difficulty of the test or the age of the subject.
- the present invention can be used in a system, method, and program for performing a Stroop test.
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Abstract
Description
まず、発明者の着眼点が、下記に説明される。
図1Aは、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システムの構成例を示すブロック図である。また、図2Aは、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システムの外観例を示す図である。
次に、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システム1で用いられる検査画像について説明する。実施の形態におけるストループ検査は、検査画像は、矩形状である。実施の形態におけるストループ検査では、第1画像p1(図4の(a)参照)を被検者に提示して回答を得る検査と、第2画像p2(図5の(a)参照)を被検者に提示して回答を得る検査と、第3画像p3(図6の(a)参照)を被検者に提示して回答を得る検査と、第4画像p4(図7の(a)参照)を被検者に提示して回答を得る検査と、を実施する。
次に、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システム1の動作例、つまり実施の形態におけるストループ検査方法の一例について図8を用いて説明する。図8は、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システム1の動作例を示すフローチャートである。図8に示すストループ検査の処理は、主にPC30がストループ検査プログラム311を実行することにより実現する処理である。なお、図8に示すストループ検査の処理を実行する前に、視点検出のキャリブレーション処理を実行してもよい。
ここで、実施の形態におけるストループ検査の具体例について図9~図11を用いて説明する。図9は、実施の形態におけるストループ検査で表示装置10に表示される画像のタイムラインの一例を示す図である。図10は、検査画像及び正解画像の表示例を示す図である。図11は、切替画像の表示例を示す図である。
以下、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システム1、つまり実施の形態におけるストループ検査方法の実証データについて図12及び図13を用いて説明する。図12は、注意力を含む認知機能に障害のない被検者(つまり、健常者)の評価情報の一例を示す図である。図13は、注意力を含む認知機能に障害のある被検者(つまり、認知機能障害者)の評価情報の一例を示す図である。
以下、実施の形態におけるストループ検査システム1、つまり実施の形態におけるストループ検査方法の利点について説明する。
次に、実施の形態におけるストループ検査画像生成方法について説明する。ストループ検査画像生成方法は、ストループ検査用の検査画像を生成する方法である。ストループ検査画像生成方法により生成された検査画像は、検査画像データ300として記憶部32に記憶される。
以上、本発明のストループ検査システム及びストループ検査方法、並びにストループ検査画像生成方法について、実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は、この実施の形態に限定されるものではない。本発明の主旨を逸脱しない限り、当業者が思いつく各種変形を本実施の形態に施したものや、実施の形態における一部の構成要素を組み合わせて構築される別の形態も、本発明の範囲内に含まれる。
以上述べたように、第1の態様のストループ検査方法は、検査画像における被検者の視線の位置を示す視線位置情報に基づいて被検者の評価を示す(S102~S105)。検査画像は、被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、問題に対して被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有する。1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれる。
10 表示装置
11 表示面
20 撮像装置
21 撮像部
22、23 カメラ
24 光源部
25、26 光源
30 PC
31 プロセッサ
32 記憶部
33 入力部
34 音声出力部
35 表示部
36 インターフェース部
37 検出部
38 作成部
39 評価部
40 取得部
300 検査画像データ
301 第1画像データ
302 第2画像データ
303 第3画像データ
304 第4画像データ
310 プログラム
311 ストループ検査プログラム
312 ストループ検査画像生成プログラム
313 視点データ
314 分布マップデータ
315 データベース
Claims (20)
- 検査画像における被検者の視線の位置を示す視線位置情報に基づいて、前記被検者の評価を示すストループ検査方法であって、
前記検査画像は、
前記被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、
前記問題に対して前記被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有し、
前記1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により前記被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれる、
ストループ検査方法。 - 前記問題領域には、正解の色とは異なる色の名称を示す文字列と、前記文字列に用いられている色を質問する問題文と、が表示され、
前記正解選択肢は、前記正解の色を示す文字列であって、
前記おとり選択肢は、前記問題領域における前記色の名称を示す前記文字列である、
請求項1に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記問題領域には、正解の色とは異なる色で表された色の名称を示す文字列と、前記文字列の意味を質問する問題文と、が表示され、
前記正解選択肢は、前記正解の色で塗りつぶされた領域であって、
前記おとり選択肢は、前記問題領域における前記色の名称を示す前記文字列に用いられている色で塗りつぶされた領域である、
請求項1に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記問題領域は、前記検査画像の中央に位置し、
前記回答領域は、前記問題領域の周囲に位置する、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記検査画像は、矩形状であって、
前記回答領域における前記複数の選択肢は、前記検査画像の複数の角にそれぞれ位置する、
請求項4に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記正解選択肢と前記おとり選択肢とは、前記問題領域を挟んで対角線上に位置する、
請求項5に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記検査画像は複数であって、
前記複数の検査画像を所定の時間ごとに前記被検者に順に提示する、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記所定の時間は、ストループ検査の難易度、又は前記被検者の年齢に基づいて決定される、
請求項7に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記評価は、前記被検者が前記正解選択肢に注視した度合いを示す情報と、前記被検者が前記おとり選択肢に注視した度合いを示す情報と、を含む、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記評価は、前記被検者が前記問題領域に注視した度合いを示す情報を更に含む、
請求項9に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 前記検査画像は、表示装置に表示されることにより前記被検者に提示される、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のストループ検査方法。 - 検査画像における被検者の視線の位置を示す視線位置情報を取得し、
取得した前記視線位置情報に基づいて、前記被検者の評価を示す評価情報を生成し、
生成した前記評価情報を出力することをコンピュータに実行させ、
前記検査画像は、
前記被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、
前記問題に対して前記被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有し、
前記1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により前記被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれる、
ストループ検査プログラム。 - 検査画像における被検者の視線の位置を示す視線位置情報を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部が取得した前記視線位置情報に基づいて、前記被検者の評価を示す評価情報を生成する評価部と、
前記評価部が生成した前記評価情報を出力する出力部と、を備え、
前記検査画像は、
前記被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、
前記問題に対して前記被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有し、
前記1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により前記被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれる、
ストループ検査システム。 - 複数の検査画像を所定の条件を満たすように生成し、
前記複数の検査画像の各々は、
被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、
前記問題に対して前記被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有し、
前記1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により前記被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれ、
前記所定の条件は、
(1)前記問題領域が検査画像の中央に位置すること、
(2)前記回答領域が、前記問題領域の周囲に位置すること、
(3)前記検査画像における前記おとり選択肢が、当該検査画像における前記正解選択肢と、次に前記被検者に提示される前記検査画像における前記正解選択肢と異なること、を含む、
ストループ検査画像生成方法。 - 前記所定の条件は、
(4)前記複数の検査画像の各々における前記正解選択肢の位置を、前記問題領域を挟んで直前に前記被検者に提示された前記検査画像における正解選択肢の位置と反対側とすること、を更に含む、
請求項14に記載のストループ検査画像生成方法。 - 前記所定の条件は、
(5)前記複数の検査画像の各々における前記おとり選択肢の位置を、前記問題領域を挟んで前記正解選択肢の位置と反対側とすること、を更に含む、
請求項14又は15に記載のストループ検査画像生成方法。 - 前記所定の条件は、
(6)前記検査画像が矩形状であって、前記回答領域における前記複数の選択肢が、前記検査画像の複数の角にそれぞれ位置すること、を更に含む、
請求項14又は15に記載のストループ検査画像生成方法。 - 前記所定の条件は、
(7)前記正解選択肢と前記おとり選択肢とは、前記問題領域を挟んで対角線上に位置すること、を更に含む、
請求項17に記載のストループ検査画像生成方法。 - 複数の検査画像を所定の条件を満たすように生成することをコンピュータに実行させ、
前記複数の検査画像の各々は、
被検者に対する問題が表示される問題領域と、
前記問題に対して前記被検者が視線により回答するために選択する正解選択肢及び1以上の不正解選択肢を含む複数の選択肢が表示される回答領域と、を有し、
前記1以上の不正解選択肢には、ストループ効果により前記被検者が誘導され得るおとり選択肢が含まれ、
前記所定の条件は、
(1)前記問題領域が検査画像の中央に位置すること、
(2)前記回答領域が、前記問題領域の周囲に位置すること、
(3)前記検査画像における前記おとり選択肢が、当該検査画像における前記正解選択肢と、次に前記被検者に提示される前記検査画像における前記正解選択肢と異なること、を含む、
ストループ検査画像生成プログラム。 - 検査画像における被検者の視線の位置を示す視線位置情報に基づいて、前記被検者の認知機能の評価を示す検査方法であって、
前記検査画像を所定の時間、前記被検者に提示し、
前記所定の時間は、検査の難易度、又は前記被検者の年齢に基づいて決定される、
検査方法。
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