WO2024014450A1 - 摺動部材 - Google Patents
摺動部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024014450A1 WO2024014450A1 PCT/JP2023/025551 JP2023025551W WO2024014450A1 WO 2024014450 A1 WO2024014450 A1 WO 2024014450A1 JP 2023025551 W JP2023025551 W JP 2023025551W WO 2024014450 A1 WO2024014450 A1 WO 2024014450A1
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- plating layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a sliding member.
- a sliding member is a general term for a member that at least partially contacts another member and the contacted portion slides.
- Sliding members include, for example, train wheels and rails, engine cylinders and pistons, crankshafts and connecting rods, tools for drilling, saw blades, pulleys, gears, industrial screws, nuts, bearings, guide members, and , molds, etc.
- the sliding member repeatedly slides against other members.
- a plating layer may be formed on the surface of the sliding member.
- the plating layer is, for example, an alloy plating layer.
- JP 2014-228063 A Patent Document 1
- JP 05-279772 A Patent Document 2
- JP 2013-032571 A Patent Document 3
- a tin-zinc alloy plating layer made of tin and zinc is formed on the sliding surface.
- the thickness of the alloy plating layer is 10 to 25 ⁇ m.
- the weight ratio of zinc to the total of tin and zinc is 20 to 80%. According to Patent Document 1, this sliding member makes it possible to suppress the amount of wear even under severe sliding conditions in the sliding part, contributing to extending the lifespan of various machines. has been done.
- Patent Document 2 contains, by weight, Zn: 10 to 35%, Pb: 2 to 20%, Ni: 1 to 10%, B (boron): 0.1 to 1%, and the balance. : A plating layer made of Cu and impurities is formed. Patent Document 2 states that this provides a sliding member that has excellent seizure resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance even under severe usage conditions such as high speeds and high temperatures.
- the sliding member described in Patent Document 3 is characterized by comprising a base material having a metallic surface and a zinc alloy plating layer provided on the base material.
- the zinc alloy plating layer has a chemical composition containing, in mass %, Ni: 2 to 8% and Mo: 0.1 to 3%, with the remainder consisting of Zn and impurities.
- the zinc alloy plating layer has a hardness of 150 to 350 Hv and a thickness of 0.1 to 30 ⁇ m.
- Patent Document 3 describes that this provides a zinc alloy plated member that not only imparts excellent corrosion resistance to the base material but also can be used as a sliding member.
- sliding members that slide under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- Such sliding members are, for example, train wheels and rails and industrial screws.
- sliding under high surface pressure causes the plating layer formed on the sliding member to easily peel off.
- the plating layer peels off, there is a concern that the seizure resistance and corrosion resistance of the sliding member will deteriorate. Therefore, it is preferable that the plating layer has excellent peeling resistance even when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure is not studied at all.
- a sliding test is conducted at a surface pressure of 224 MPa.
- the seizure resistance is evaluated at a maximum load of 500 kgf/cm 2 . When this is converted into Pa units, it becomes 0.049GPa.
- Patent Document 3 a sliding test is not conducted. Therefore, even if the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are used, there is a possibility that the peeling resistance of the plating layer cannot be improved during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a sliding member that has excellent peeling resistance of the plating layer even when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the sliding member according to the present disclosure includes: A base material including a sliding surface that slides on other members; a plating layer disposed on at least the sliding surface,
- the plating layer is Contains a matrix and polytetrafluoroethylene,
- the matrix is a Zn-Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0% by mass of Ni, and the remainder is Zn and impurities,
- the content of the polytetrafluoroethylene in the plating layer is 6.5 to 21.0% by mass.
- the sliding member according to the present disclosure has excellent peeling resistance of the plating layer even when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a sliding member according to this embodiment.
- Figure 2 shows the Ni content of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) content, and the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa (Hertzian surface pressure). It is a figure showing the relationship with peeling resistance of an alloy plating layer.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the PTFE/Ni ratio and the peeling resistance of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer during sliding under a high Hertzian surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of the plating layer of test number 10 of this example.
- FIG. 5 is an image obtained by converting the photograph of FIG. 4 into black and white.
- the present inventors studied a sliding member that has excellent peeling resistance of the plating layer even when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. As a result, we obtained the following knowledge.
- the plating layer If the plating layer is destroyed during sliding under a high Hertzian surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa, the plating layer will peel off from the surface of the base material. On the other hand, if the hardness of the plating layer is high, the plating layer is less likely to be damaged during sliding. Therefore, the present inventors believe that by increasing the hardness of the plating layer, it may be possible to suppress the peeling of the plating layer even when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. Thought.
- a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of nickel (Ni) and the remainder being Zn and impurities has high hardness. Therefore, the present inventors believe that if a plating layer is formed of a Zn-Ni alloy consisting of Ni and the remainder is Zn and impurities, the coating layer will remain stable even during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. We thought that this would improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer.
- a plating layer consisting of Ni and the remainder being Zn and impurities is referred to as a Zn--Ni alloy plating layer or simply a plating layer.
- the alloy phase of Zn--Ni alloys has an eta phase, a gamma phase and/or an alpha phase, depending on the Ni content.
- the eta phase is a Zn phase in which Ni is dissolved in solid solution.
- the gamma phase is the intermetallic phase of Ni 5 Zn 21 .
- the alpha phase is a Ni phase containing Zn as a solid solution. It is known that when the Ni content is 10.0% by mass or less, the Zn-Ni alloy becomes a mixed phase of eta phase and gamma phase. It is known that when the Ni content is 10.0 to 17.0% by mass, the Zn-Ni alloy mainly contains gamma phase.
- the Zn-Ni alloy becomes a mixed phase of gamma phase and alpha phase.
- the eta phase, gamma phase, and alpha phase the gamma phase has the highest hardness. Therefore, it is considered that if the Ni content in the matrix of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer is 10.0 to 17.0% by mass, the hardness of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer increases.
- the present inventors further investigated. As a result, in the case of a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer containing 10.0 to 17.0 mass % of Ni, by containing 6.5 to 21.0 mass % of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the Hertzian surface It has become clear that the peeling resistance is improved even under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the present inventors conducted the following experiment.
- a steel plate with a length of 150 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.8 mm was prepared.
- a Zn--Ni alloy plating layer was formed on the surface of the steel plate.
- the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer contained a matrix and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the matrix of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer was a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of Ni and the remainder Zn and impurities.
- the peeling resistance of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer was tested by changing the Ni content and PTFE content of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer. The peel resistance evaluation test was conducted under the following conditions. Equipment: Adhesive sliding tester No.
- Figure 2 shows the Ni content of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) content, and the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa (Hertzian surface pressure). It is a figure showing the relationship between the peeling resistance of an alloy plating layer.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 indicates the Ni content in the matrix of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer in mass %.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 2 indicates the PTFE content in the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer in mass %.
- the white circles indicate that the number of sliding movements during which the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer was peeled off was 600 or more.
- the black circles indicate that the number of sliding movements during which the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer was peeled off was less than 600 times.
- the Hertzian surface pressure is Even after sliding 600 times under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa, the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer did not peel off.
- the Ni content satisfies both 10.0 to 17.0 mass% and the PTFE content satisfies both 6.5 to 21.0 mass%, it can be It has become clear that the peeling resistance of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer increases during sliding.
- the present inventors investigated the Vickers hardness of a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer containing PTFE. As a result, we obtained the following knowledge.
- Table 1 is a partial excerpt of Examples described below. Referring to Table 1, compared to the hardness of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer of Test No. 15 not containing PTFE, the hardness of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer of Test Nos. 3 to 5 containing PTFE is lower. Furthermore, comparing Test No. 4 and Test No. 5, which have the same Ni content, as the PTFE content increases, the hardness of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer decreases. The Zn--Ni alloy plating layer of Test No. 15, which did not contain PTFE, was peeled off after 5 sliding movements.
- the Zn--Ni alloy plating layers of test numbers 3 to 5 containing PTFE peeled off after 600 times or more of sliding. From the above results, it was found that the inclusion of PTFE increases the peeling resistance of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer, although the hardness thereof decreases, which is completely different from the conventional findings.
- the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer does not deteriorate when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. It is not clear why the peeling resistance of However, when PTFE is not contained, peeling resistance during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure is low. From this, it is considered that PTFE contributes to improved peeling resistance during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the present inventors have the following idea. When forming the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer, internal stress is generated in the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer. If the internal stress is high, the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer is likely to peel off at the interface between the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer and the base material when external force is applied.
- PTFE may affect the adsorption of Zn ions to the steel plate surface, and the internal stress of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer may decrease.
- the internal stress generated during the formation of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer may be reduced, and peeling of the Zn-Ni alloy plating layer may be suppressed. , the inventors believe.
- the sliding member of this embodiment which was completed based on the above findings, has the following configuration.
- a base material including a sliding surface that slides on other members; a plating layer disposed on at least the sliding surface,
- the plating layer is Contains a matrix and polytetrafluoroethylene,
- the matrix is a Zn-Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0% by mass of Ni, and the remainder is Zn and impurities,
- the content of the polytetrafluoroethylene in the plating layer is 6.5 to 21.0% by mass, Sliding member.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a sliding member 1 according to this embodiment.
- sliding member 1 includes a base material 2 and a plating layer 3.
- the base material 2 includes a sliding surface 20 that slides on other members.
- the other members are other sliding members.
- the sliding member 1 slides on the sliding surface 20 with other sliding members.
- the sliding surface 20 is a surface formed on the base material 2, and the plating layer 3 is disposed on the sliding surface 20. Therefore, when the sliding member 1 according to this embodiment slides on another member, the plating layer 3 is arranged between the sliding surface 20 and the other sliding member.
- the base material 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is used as the sliding member 1 and can be plated.
- the base material 2 is, for example, train wheels and rails, engine cylinders and pistons, crankshafts and connecting rods, tools for drilling, saw blades, pulleys, gears, industrial screws, nuts, bearings, guide members, and , molds, etc.
- the composition of the base material 2 is not particularly limited.
- the base material 2 may be made of a single metal or an alloy, and may have a plating layer formed on its surface.
- the base material 2 is, for example, carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, carbon steel on which a plating layer is formed, stainless steel on which a plating layer is formed, alloy steel on which a plating layer is formed, or the like.
- Plating layer 3 is arranged at least on sliding surface 20 .
- the plating layer 3 may be arranged only on the sliding surface 20, or may be arranged on other surfaces in addition to the sliding surface 20. Good too.
- the plating layer 3 includes a matrix 30 and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 31.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 is a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0 mass % of nickel (Ni), and the remainder is zinc (Zn) and impurities.
- the matrix 30 is a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0 mass% Ni, 83.0 to 90.0 mass% Zn, and impurities.
- a Zn--Ni alloy with this composition mainly contains a gamma phase. In this case, the hardness of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer increases, and the peeling resistance of the plating layer 3 increases even when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- a preferable lower limit of the Ni content in the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 is 10.3% by mass, more preferably 10.5% by mass, even more preferably 10.8% by mass, and even more preferably 11. It is 0% by mass.
- a preferable upper limit of the Ni content in the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 is 16.5% by mass, more preferably 16.0% by mass, still more preferably 15.0% by mass, and still more preferably 14.0% by mass. It is 0% by mass.
- Impurities are, for example, hydrogen (H), oxygen (O) and iron (Fe). Impurities may be contained in the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 in a total amount of 1.0% by mass or less. Note that the Ni content is the Ni content in the matrix 30.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 31 is a resin having repeating units of (C 2 F 4 ) n .
- PTFE31 means particles whose main component is polytetrafluoroethylene.
- PTFE31 means particles in which polytetrafluoroethylene accounts for 98% by mass or more, and the remainder consists of impurities. That is, the PTFE 31 included in the plating layer 3 according to this embodiment corresponds to polytetrafluoroethylene particles.
- the PTFE 31 according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, and well-known polytetrafluoroethylene particles can be used.
- the size of the PTFE 31 is not particularly limited, but for example, the particle size of the PTFE 31 may be 0.1 to 2.0 ⁇ m or 0.4 to 1.0 ⁇ m. Moreover, the particle size of PTFE31 means the average particle size of PTFE31.
- the content of PTFE 31 in the plating layer 3 is 6.5 to 21.0% by mass.
- the preferable lower limit of the content of PTFE31 is 6.7% by mass, more preferably 6.9% by mass, still more preferably 7.0% by mass, still more preferably 7.5% by mass, and Preferably it is 8.0% by mass.
- a preferable upper limit of the content of PTFE31 is 20.5% by mass, more preferably 20.0% by mass, even more preferably 19.5% by mass, still more preferably 19.0% by mass, and Preferably it is 18.5% by mass, more preferably 18.0% by mass, even more preferably 17.5% by mass, and even more preferably 17.0% by mass.
- the PTFE content is the PTFE content in the plating layer 3.
- the ratio between the PTFE content in the plating layer 3 and the Ni content in the matrix 30 is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that formula (1) is satisfied. 0.85 ⁇ [PTFE]/[Ni] ⁇ 1.05 (1)
- the content in mass % of PTFE 31 in the plating layer 3 is substituted for [PTFE]
- the content in mass % of Ni in the matrix 30 is substituted for [Ni]. The quantity is substituted.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the PTFE/Ni ratio and the peeling resistance of the Zn--Ni alloy plating layer 3 during sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- FIG. 3 was obtained from the examples described below.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 3 is the number of times the plating layer 3 was peeled off during the peeling resistance evaluation test.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 3 is the PTFE/Ni ratio of the plating layer 3.
- the peeling resistance of the plating layer 3 during sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. further increases.
- a more preferable lower limit of the PTFE/Ni ratio is 0.88, and even more preferably 0.90.
- a more preferable upper limit of the PTFE/Ni ratio is 1.03, and even more preferably 1.00.
- the composition of the plating layer 3 is measured by the following method.
- the surface of the plating layer 3 is analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) using a field emission electron probe microanalyzer (FE-EPMA).
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- FE-EPMA field emission electron probe microanalyzer
- the content in mass % of F is divided by the atomic weight of F to convert into the molar amount of F. From the molar amount of F, the content in mass % of CF 2 is determined and taken as the content in mass % of PTFE31. Thereby, the content of PTFE 31 in the plating layer 3 is determined.
- the obtained Ni count number is converted into Ni content in mass %.
- the obtained Ni content is the Ni content with respect to the entire plating layer 3. Therefore, this Ni content is converted into the Ni content with respect to the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 that does not contain PTFE 31. Thereby, the Ni content in the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 is determined.
- the plating layer 3 may contain impurities.
- the impurity is, for example, selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and Fe.
- the total amount of impurities contained in the plating layer 3 is, for example, less than 1.0% by mass, more preferably less than 0.5% by mass. Therefore, the plating layer 3 is a plating layer 3 consisting of a matrix 30, PTFE 31, and one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and Fe. Good too.
- the content of impurities may be 0% by mass. Therefore, the plating layer 3 may be made of the matrix 30 and PTFE 31.
- the matrix 30 of the plating layer 3 is a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0 mass % of nickel (Ni), and the remainder is zinc (Zn) and impurities.
- the parent phase 30 of the plating layer 3 includes a gamma phase.
- the parent phase 30 of the plating layer 3 may include an eta phase.
- the parent phase 30 of the plating layer 3 may include an alpha phase.
- the gamma phase has the highest hardness. Therefore, preferably, the parent phase 30 of the plating layer 3 is a single gamma phase.
- the crystal structure of the parent phase 30 of the plating layer 3 is identified by the following method. X-ray diffraction measurements are performed on the surface of the plating layer 3 under the following measurement conditions. The obtained measured profile is compared with the value written on the ICDD (International Center for Diffraction Data) card to identify the phase.
- ICDD International Center for Diffraction Data
- the thickness of the plating layer 3 is not particularly limited. If the thickness of the plating layer 3 is 1.0 ⁇ m or more, durability can be stably obtained. If the thickness of the plating layer 3 is 60.0 ⁇ m or less, excessive manufacturing costs can be suppressed. Therefore, the thickness of the plating layer 3 is preferably 1.0 to 60.0 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the plating layer 3 is more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 7.0 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 10 ⁇ m. .0 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the plating layer 3 is more preferably 55.0 ⁇ m, still more preferably 50.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 45.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 40.0 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 35 ⁇ m. .0 ⁇ m, more preferably 30.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 25.0 ⁇ m, even more preferably 20.0 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the plating layer 3 is measured by the following method.
- the thickness of the plating layer 3 is measured at four arbitrary locations on the surface of the plating layer 3 using an eddy current phase film thickness meter.
- the measurement of the plating layer 3 is performed by a method based on ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 21968 (2005).
- the arithmetic mean of the measurement results at four locations is defined as the thickness of the plating layer 3.
- Blackening area ratio of plating layer As a result of studies by the present inventors, it has been found that if the plating layer 3, which is a Zn-Ni alloy, contains a large amount of PTFE31, such as 6.5% by mass or more, black unevenness may occur on the surface of the plating layer 3. It was revealed. In this specification, "black unevenness” means that part or all of the surface of the plating layer 3 has turned black. The present inventors thought that if the black unevenness on the surface of the plating layer 3 could be suppressed, the appearance of the sliding member 1 would be improved. In the sliding member 1 of this embodiment, preferably, the blackened area ratio on the surface of the plating layer 3 is 30% or less.
- the plating layer 3 has an excellent appearance even if the content of PTFE 31 in the plating layer 3 is as high as 6.5% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the blackened area ratio on the surface of the plating layer 3 is more preferably 20%, and even more preferably 15%.
- the blackened area ratio on the surface of the plating layer 3 may be 0%.
- the blackened area ratio can be determined by the following method. Specifically, a photograph is taken from the surface of the plating layer 3 of the sliding member 1, including an area of 100 mm in length x 100 mm in width. The blackened area is identified from the obtained photograph, and the area ratio of the blackened area is determined. Note that a person skilled in the art can naturally identify the blackened area. Alternatively, the area ratio may be determined by binarizing the obtained photograph through image processing.
- the sliding member 1 includes the base material 2 and the plating layer 3 formed on the sliding surface 20 of the base material 2.
- the sliding member 1 may include components other than the base material 2 and the plating layer 3.
- another plating layer may be formed, a chemical conversion treatment layer may be formed, or a lubricating film layer may be formed.
- the sliding member 1 of this embodiment can be suitably used when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the application of the sliding member 1 of this embodiment is not limited to sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the sliding member 1 of this embodiment can be suitably used even when sliding under a Hertzian surface pressure of 1.5 GPa or less.
- the method for manufacturing the sliding member 1 of this embodiment includes a preparation step and a plating layer forming step.
- the base material 2 and the plating solution are prepared.
- the base material 2 is used as the sliding member 1 and is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be plated.
- the plating solution contains zinc ions, nickel ions, PTFE3, and a solvent.
- the plating solution preferably contains zinc ions: 1 to 100 g/L, nickel ions: 1 to 100 g/L, and PTFE 3: 1 to 50 g/L.
- the solvent is, for example, water.
- the plating solution may contain other components. Other components are selected from the group consisting of conductive aids (supporting electrolytes) and surfactants, for example.
- the conductive aid is selected, for example, from the group consisting of sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride.
- Surfactants are, for example, selected from the group consisting of cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants.
- the plating layer 3 is formed by plating treatment.
- the plating layer forming step at least the sliding surface 20 of the base material 2 is brought into contact with a plating solution.
- the plating layer 3 is formed on at least the sliding surface 20 of the base material 2.
- the plating layer 3 is formed by electroplating. Electroplating is performed by bringing at least the sliding surface 20 of the base material 2 into contact with a plating solution and applying electricity. Electroplating conditions can be set as appropriate. The conditions for electroplating are, for example, plating solution pH: 1 to 10, plating solution temperature: 10 to 70° C., current density: 1 to 100 A/dm 2 , and processing time: 0.1 to 90 minutes.
- the blackened area ratio of the surface of the plating layer 3 can be made 30% or less.
- ⁇ Ni 2+ /Zn 2+ molar ratio in the plating solution ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ Metal salt concentration in plating solution (total of Ni 2+ and Zn 2+ ) ⁇ 1.5M ⁇ PTFE concentration in plating solution ⁇ 25g/L ⁇ Plating solution temperature 57-65°C ⁇ Plating solution pH2-4 ⁇ Plating solution flow rate (linear flow rate) 0.1 to 0.4 m/sec.
- the above manufacturing method may include a base treatment step before the plating layer forming step, if necessary.
- the surface treatment step is, for example, pickling and alkaline degreasing.
- oil and dirt adhering to the sliding surface 20 of the base material 2 are removed.
- the surface treatment step may further include a grinding process such as sandblasting and mechanical grinding. Only one type of these base treatments may be performed, or a plurality of base treatments may be performed in combination.
- the sliding member 1 of this embodiment is manufactured.
- the method of manufacturing the sliding member 1 of the present embodiment described above is an example of the method of manufacturing the sliding member 1 of the present embodiment, and is not limited to this manufacturing method.
- the sliding member 1 of this embodiment may be manufactured by other methods.
- a plating layer with a different composition was formed on a steel plate, and the peeling resistance of the plating layer during sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure was evaluated. Specifically, it is as follows.
- the cold-rolled steel plate had a length of 150 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the steel type was SPCC (low carbon steel) specified in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) G3141 (2021). Plating was applied to an area of 100 mm in length x 100 mm in width on the surface of a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- the plating solution is zinc sulfate heptahydrate: 100 to 250 g/L, nickel sulfate hexahydrate: 150 to 350 g/L, sodium sulfate: 75 g/L, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): 0 to 25 g/L. It was an aqueous solution with a pH of 2 to 4. The metal salt concentration (total amount of Ni 2+ and Zn 2+ ) of the plating solution was 1.5M or less. A plating layer was formed on the steel plate of each test number by changing the composition of the plating solution within the above range. As a result, the composition of the plating layer for each test number was changed. In Test Nos.
- PTFE was not contained in the plating solution, and instead, graphite was contained at 3 to 10 g/L.
- the plating layer was formed by electroplating.
- the plating conditions were: plating solution temperature: 50 to 60° C., current density: 1 to 10 A/dm 2 , and plating anode (counter electrode): titanium plate coated with iridium oxide.
- particles of PTFE having an average particle diameter of 0.4 to 1.0 ⁇ m, containing 98% by mass or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the remainder being impurities were used.
- test numbers 1 to 5 and 7 to 9 met the following conditions. ⁇ Ni 2+ /Zn 2+ molar ratio in the plating solution ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ Plating solution temperature 57-60°C ⁇ Plating solution flow rate (linear flow rate) 0.1 to 0.4 m/sec. ⁇ Current density ⁇ 3A/dm 2
- the composition of the plating layer of each test number was measured by the following method.
- the surface of the plating layer of each test number was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) using a JXA-8530F field emission electron probe microanalyzer (FE-EPMA) manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- FE-EPMA field emission electron probe microanalyzer
- the intensity of K ⁇ rays was measured by irradiating an electron beam with a measurement magnification of 1000 times, an accelerating voltage of 15 kV, and a maximum irradiation current of 1 nA.
- the count number of fluorine (F) were measured.
- the obtained F count number was converted to the F content in mass %.
- the content in mass % of F was divided by the atomic weight of F to convert into the molar amount of F.
- the content in mass % of CF 2 was determined from the molar amount of F, and was defined as the content in mass % of PTFE. Thereby, the content of PTFE in the plating layer was determined. The results are shown in the "PTFE content (mass%)" column of Table 2.
- the obtained Ni count number was converted to the Ni content in mass %.
- the obtained Ni content is the Ni content in the entire plating layer. Therefore, this Ni content was converted into the Ni content with respect to the matrix of the plating layer that does not contain PTFE. Thereby, the Ni content in the matrix of the plating layer was determined.
- the results are shown in the "Ni content (mass%)" column of Table 2.
- the parent phase of the plating layer of each test number was Ni shown in Table 2, and the balance was a Zn--Ni alloy consisting of Zn and impurities.
- the "[PTFE]/[Ni]” column shows the ratio of the content in mass % of PTFE in the plating layer to the content in mass % of Ni in the matrix.
- test number 15 the plating layer did not contain PTFE.
- the plating layer did not contain PTFE, but instead contained graphite.
- graphite content is shown in the "PTFE content (mass %)" column of Table 2.
- the thickness of the plating layer for each test number was measured by the following method.
- the thickness of the plating layer was measured at four arbitrary locations on the surface of the plating layer using an eddy current phase film thickness meter PHASCOPE PM910 manufactured by Helmut Fischer GmbH.
- the measurement of the plating layer was performed in accordance with ISO 21968 (2005).
- the arithmetic mean of the measurement results at four locations was taken as the thickness of the plating layer.
- the results are shown in the column of "Thickness of plating layer ( ⁇ m)" in Table 2.
- the number of sliding movements when the sliding resistance increased to three times or more the sliding resistance of the previous sliding movement was defined as "the number of sliding movements at which the plating layer peeled off.”
- the results are shown in the column of "Number of sliding movements (times) during peeling of plating layer" in Table 3.
- Blackening area ratio measurement test The blackening area ratio of the surface of the plating layer in test numbers 1 to 15 was measured by the following method. A photograph was taken that included the entire area measuring 100 mm in length and 100 mm in width in which the plating layer was formed.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of the plating layer of test number 10. The obtained photograph was converted into black and white binarized by image processing.
- FIG. 5 is an image obtained by converting the photograph of FIG. 4 into black and white. From the black and white binarized image, the area ratio of the black part to the total area was determined. The results are shown in the "Blackened area ratio (%)" column of Table 3.
- Hardness measurement test of plating layer For test numbers 3 to 5 and 15, the hardness of the plating layer was measured. The hardness measurement test of the plating layer was conducted under the following conditions. The Vickers hardness (Hv) of the surface of the plating layer was measured using a microhardness meter FISCHERSCOPE (registered trademark) HM2000 manufactured by Helmut Fischer GmbH. The load was 10-50 mN. The load was adjusted so that 6 times the indentation depth ( ⁇ m) was equal to or less than the plating layer thickness. The results are shown in the "hardness of plating layer (Hv)" column of Table 3.
- the plating layers of test numbers 1 to 10 had a matrix of a Zn-Ni alloy consisting of 10.0 to 17.0 mass% Ni, and the remainder Zn and impurities; The content of the plating layer was 6.5 to 21.0% by mass of PTFE.
- the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was 600 times or more. It was found that the sliding members having the plating layers of test numbers 1 to 10 had excellent peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- test numbers 7 to 9 in which the PTFE/Ni ratio was 0.85 or more and 1.05 or less the number of sliding operations when the plating layer peeled off was 2000 times or more in the peeling resistance evaluation test.
- the sliding members with the plating layers in Test Numbers 7 to 9 showed higher resistance of the plating layer when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. It was found that the releasability was even better.
- the blackened area ratio of the surface of the plating layer in test numbers 1 to 5 and 7 to 9 was 30% or less.
- the sliding members provided with the plating layers of Test Nos. 1 to 5 and 7 to 9 had lower surface pressure when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure. It was found that the plating layer has excellent peeling resistance, and furthermore, the appearance of the plating layer is excellent even when the PTFE content in the plating layer is as high as 6.5% or more.
- the plating layer of test number 11 had too low a PTFE content.
- the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding member provided with the plating layer of Test No. 11 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the plating layer of test number 12 had too low Ni content and PTFE content. As a result, in the peeling resistance evaluation test, the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding member provided with the plating layer of test number 12 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the plating layer of test number 13 had too low Ni content. As a result, in the peeling resistance evaluation test, the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding member provided with the plating layer of Test No. 13 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the plating layer of test number 14 had too high a Ni content. As a result, in the peeling resistance evaluation test, the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding member provided with the plating layer of Test No. 14 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the plating layer of test number 15 did not contain PTFE. As a result, in the peeling resistance evaluation test, the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding member provided with the plating layer of Test No. 15 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under a high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
- the plating layers of test numbers 16 to 18 contained graphite instead of PTFE. As a result, in the peeling resistance evaluation test, the number of times of sliding when the plating layer peeled off was less than 600 times. It was found that the sliding members with the plating layers of test numbers 16 to 18 could not improve the peeling resistance of the plating layer when sliding under high surface pressure exceeding 1.5 GPa in Hertzian surface pressure.
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Abstract
Description
他の部材と摺動する摺動面を含む基材と、
少なくとも前記摺動面上に配置されるめっき層と、を備え、
前記めっき層は、
母相及びポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含み、
前記母相は、10.0~17.0質量%のNi、及び、残部はZn及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金であり、
前記めっき層中の前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの含有量は6.5~21.0質量%である。
他の部材と摺動する摺動面を含む基材と、
少なくとも前記摺動面上に配置されるめっき層と、を備え、
前記めっき層は、
母相及びポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含み、
前記母相は、10.0~17.0質量%のNi、及び、残部はZn及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金であり、
前記めっき層中の前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの含有量は6.5~21.0質量%である、
摺動部材。
[1]に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記めっき層は、式(1)を満たす、
摺動部材。
0.85≦[PTFE]/[Ni]≦1.05 (1)
ここで、式(1)中、[PTFE]には、前記めっき層中の前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの質量%での含有量が代入され、[Ni]には、前記母相中の前記Niの質量%での含有量が代入される。
[1]又は[2]に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記めっき層表面における黒色化面積率が30%以下である、
摺動部材。
図1は、本実施形態による摺動部材1の断面図である。図1を参照して、摺動部材1は、基材2と、めっき層3とを備える。
基材2は、他の部材と摺動する摺動面20を含む。他の部材とは、他の摺動部材である。摺動部材1は、摺動面20において、他の摺動部材と摺動する。なお、後述のとおり、摺動面20は基材2に形成された面であり、摺動面20の上にめっき層3が配置される。そのため、本実施形態による摺動部材1が他の部材と摺動する際、摺動面20と他の摺動部材との間に、めっき層3が配置される。
めっき層3は、少なくとも摺動面20上に配置される。基材2が摺動面20の他に面を含む場合、めっき層3は、摺動面20上のみに配置されてもよく、摺動面20上に加えて他の面上に配置されてもよい。
めっき層3の母相30は、10.0~17.0質量%のニッケル(Ni)、及び、残部は亜鉛(Zn)及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金である。言い換えると、母相30は、10.0~17.0質量%のNi、83.0~90.0質量%のZn、及び、不純物からなるZn-Ni合金である。この組成のZn-Ni合金は主にガンマ相を含むことが知られている。この場合、Zn-Ni合金めっき層の硬度が高まり、ヘルツ面圧で1.5GPaを超える高面圧下での摺動時においても、めっき層3の耐剥離性が高まる。めっき層3の母相30のNi含有量の好ましい下限は10.3質量%であり、さらに好ましくは10.5質量%であり、さらに好ましくは10.8質量%であり、さらに好ましくは11.0質量%である。めっき層3の母相30のNi含有量の好ましい上限は16.5質量%であり、さらに好ましくは16.0質量%であり、さらに好ましくは15.0質量%であり、さらに好ましくは14.0質量%である。不純物はたとえば、水素(H)、酸素(O)及び鉄(Fe)である。めっき層3の母相30中に、不純物は合計で1.0質量%以下含有される場合がある。なお、Ni含有量とは、母相30中のNi含有量である。
ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)31は、(C2F4)nの繰り返し単位を持つ樹脂である。本明細書においてPTFE31とは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンを主成分とする粒子を意味する。具体的に、PTFE31は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンが98質量%以上であり、残部が不純物からなる粒子を意味する。つまり、本実施形態によるめっき層3に含まれるPTFE31とは、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン粒子に相当する。本実施形態によるPTFE31は特に限定されず、周知のポリテトラフルオロエチレン粒子を用いることができる。なお、PTFE31の大きさは特に限定されないが、たとえば、PTFE31の粒径は0.1~2.0μmであってもよく、0.4~1.0μmであってもよい。また、PTFE31の粒径とは、PTFE31の平均粒径を意味する。
めっき層3中のPTFE含有量と、母相30中のNi含有量との比は特に限定されない。しかしながら、式(1)を満たすことが好ましい。
0.85≦[PTFE]/[Ni]≦1.05 (1)
ここで、式(1)中、[PTFE]には、めっき層3中のPTFE31の質量%での含有量が代入され、[Ni]には、母相30中のNiの質量%での含有量が代入される。
めっき層3の組成は次の方法で測定する。めっき層3の表面を、フィールドエミッション電子プローブマイクロアナライザ(FE-EPMA)を用いて、エネルギー分散型X線分光法(EDX)により分析する。具体的には、測定倍率を1000倍とし、加速電圧が15kV、照射電流が最大1nAの電子ビームを照射してKα線の強度を測定し、視野内におけるニッケル(Ni)のカウント数、亜鉛(Zn)のカウント数、及び、フッ素(F)のカウント数を測定する。得られたFのカウント数を、Fの質量%での含有量に換算する。Fの質量%での含有量を、Fの原子量で除してFのモル量に換算する。Fのモル量から、CF2の質量%での含有量を求め、PTFE31の質量%での含有量とする。これにより、めっき層3中のPTFE31の含有量を求める。得られたNiのカウント数を、Niの質量%での含有量に換算する。得られたNi含有量は、めっき層3全体に対するNi含有量である。そのため、このNi含有量を、PTFE31を含有しないめっき層3の母相30に対するNi含有量に換算する。これにより、めっき層3の母相30中のNi含有量を求める。
めっき層3の母相30は、10.0~17.0質量%のニッケル(Ni)、及び、残部は亜鉛(Zn)及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金である。この場合、めっき層3の母相30は、ガンマ相を含む。ガンマ相は、化学式Ni5Zn21、格子定数α=0.890nmの立方晶の結晶構造を有する相である。めっき層3の母相30は、イータ相を含む場合がある。イータ相は、化学式Zn、格子定数a=0.267nm及びc=0.495nmの六方晶の結晶構造を有する相である。めっき層3の母相30は、アルファ相を含む場合がある。アルファ相は、化学式Ni、格子定数a=0.352nmの面心立方晶の結晶構造を有する相である。イータ相、ガンマ相及びアルファ相の中で、ガンマ相が最も硬度が高い。したがって、好ましくは、めっき層3の母相30は、ガンマ相単相である。
めっき層3の母相30の結晶構造は、次の方法で同定する。めっき層3の表面に対して、以下の測定条件でX線回折測定を実施する。得られた実測プロファイルとICDD(International Center for Diffraction Data)カードに記載された値とを比較して相を同定する。
・装置:X線回折装置
・X線管球:Co‐Kα線
・スキャンレンジ:2θ=10~110°
・スキャンステップ:0.02°
めっき層3の厚さは特に限定されない。めっき層3の厚さが1.0μm以上であれば、耐久性を安定して得ることができる。めっき層3の厚さが60.0μm以下であれば、過度な製造コストを抑制できる。したがって、めっき層3の厚さは好ましくは、1.0~60.0μmである。めっき層3の厚さの下限は、さらに好ましくは2.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは3.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは5.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは7.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは10.0μmである。めっき層3の厚さの上限は、さらに好ましくは55.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは50.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは45.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは40.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは35.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは30.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは25.0μmであり、さらに好ましくは20.0μmである。
めっき層3の厚さは、次の方法で測定する。めっき層3の表面の任意の4箇所に対して、渦電流位相式膜厚計を用いて、めっき層3の厚さを測定する。めっき層3の測定は、ISO(International Organization for Standardization)21968(2005)に準拠する方法で行う。4箇所の測定結果の算術平均を、めっき層3の厚さとする。
本発明者らの検討の結果、Zn-Ni合金であるめっき層3にPTFE31を6.5質量%以上と多量に含有させると、めっき層3の表面に黒色ムラが発生する場合があることが明らかになった。本明細書において「黒色ムラ」とは、めっき層3の表面の一部又は全部が黒色に変色したことを意味する。本発明者らは、めっき層3の表面の黒色ムラを抑制できれば、摺動部材1の外観が向上すると考えた。本実施形態の摺動部材1において、好ましくは、めっき層3表面における黒色化面積率が30%以下である。この場合、摺動部材1は、めっき層3中のPTFE31の含有量が6.5質量%以上と高くてもめっき層3の外観に優れる。めっき層3表面における黒色化面積率の上限はさらに好ましくは20%であり、さらに好ましくは15%である。めっき層3表面における黒色化面積率は0%であってもよい。
上述のとおり、本実施形態による摺動部材1は、基材2と、基材2の摺動面20の上に形成されためっき層3とを備える。ここで、摺動部材1は、基材2と、めっき層3と以外の構成を含んでいてもよい。たとえば、摺動部材1のめっき層3の上層として、他のめっき層が形成されていてもよく、化成処理層が形成されていてもよく、潤滑被膜層が形成されていてもよい。
本実施形態の摺動部材1の製造方法は、準備工程と、めっき層形成工程とを備える。
準備工程では、基材2及びめっき液を準備する。基材2は、上述のとおり、摺動部材1として利用され、めっき可能な材料であれば特に限定されない。めっき液は、亜鉛イオン、ニッケルイオン、PTFE3、及び、溶媒を含有する。めっき液には、好ましくは、亜鉛イオン:1~100g/L、ニッケルイオン:1~100g/L、及び、PTFE3:1~50g/Lが含有される。溶媒はたとえば、水である。めっき液は他の成分を含有してもよい。他の成分とはたとえば、導電助剤(支持電解質)、及び、界面活性剤からなる群から選択される。導電助剤はたとえば硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、及び、塩化アンモニウムからなる群から選択される。界面活性剤はたとえば、カチオン性、アニオン性、及び、ノニオン性界面活性剤からなる群から選択される。
めっき層形成工程では、めっき処理によりめっき層3を形成する。めっき層形成工程では、基材2のうち、少なくとも摺動面20をめっき液に接触させる。これにより、基材2の少なくとも摺動面20上にめっき層3を形成する。めっき層3の形成は、電気めっきにより行うことが好ましい。電気めっきでは、上記基材2のうち、少なくとも摺動面20をめっき液に接触させ、通電することによって行う。電気めっきの条件は適宜設定できる。電気めっきの条件はたとえば、めっき液pH:1~10、めっき液温度:10~70℃、電流密度:1~100A/dm2、及び、処理時間:0.1~90分である。
・めっき液中のNi2+/Zn2+モル比≦1.5
・めっき液中の金属塩濃度(Ni2+及びZn2+の合計)≦1.5M
・めっき液中のPTFE濃度≦25g/L
・めっき液温57~65℃
・めっき液pH2~4
・めっき液流速(線流速)0.1~0.4m/sec.
・電流密度≦3A/dm2
上記製造方法は、必要に応じて、めっき層形成工程の前に下地処理工程を備えてもよい。下地処理工程はたとえば、酸洗及びアルカリ脱脂である。下地処理工程では、基材2の摺動面20上に付着した油分や汚れを除去する。下地処理工程はさらに、サンドブラスト及び機械研削仕上げ等の研削加工を備えてもよい。これらの下地処理は、1種のみ実施してもよく、複数の下地処理を組み合わせて実施してもよい。
本実施例においては、基材を想定して、市販の冷延鋼板を使用した。冷延鋼板は縦150mm、横100mm、厚さ0.8mmであった。鋼種は、日本産業規格(JIS)G3141(2021)に規定される、SPCC(低炭素鋼)であった。冷延鋼板表面の、縦100mm×横100mmの領域にめっきを施した。
・めっき液中のNi2+/Zn2+モル比≦1.5
・めっき液温57~60℃
・めっき液流速(線流速)0.1~0.4m/sec.
・電流密度≦3A/dm2
・めっき液中のNi2+/Zn2+モル比=3.0
・めっき液温50℃
・めっき液流速(線流速)0m/sec.
・電流密度≦3A/dm2
・めっき液中のNi2+/Zn2+モル比=3.0
・めっき液温57~60℃
・めっき液流速(線流速)0.5m/sec.
・電流密度6A/dm2
各試験番号のめっき層の組成を、次の方法で測定した。各試験番号のめっき層の表面を、日本電子株式会社製JXA-8530F フィールドエミッション電子プローブマイクロアナライザ(FE-EPMA)を用いて、エネルギー分散型X線分光法(EDX)により分析した。具体的には、測定倍率:1000倍、加速電圧:15kV、照射電流:最大1nAの電子ビームを照射してKα線の強度を測定し、視野内におけるニッケル(Ni)のカウント数、亜鉛(Zn)のカウント数、及び、フッ素(F)のカウント数を測定した。得られたFのカウント数を、Fの質量%での含有量に換算した。Fの質量%での含有量を、Fの原子量で除してFのモル量に換算した。Fのモル量から、CF2の質量%での含有量を求め、PTFEの質量%での含有量とした。これにより、めっき層中のPTFEの含有量を求めた。結果を表2の「PTFE含有量(質量%)」の欄に示す。
各試験番号のめっき層の母相の結晶構造を、次の方法で同定した。めっき層の表面に対して、以下の測定条件でX線回折測定を実施した。得られた実測プロファイルとICDDカードに記載された値とを比較して相を同定した。その結果、全ての実施例において、めっき層の母相は、ガンマ相を含有した。試験番号1、4~6及び10のめっき層の母相はガンマ相単相だった。
・装置:X線回折装置 株式会社リガク製 RINT-2500
・X線管球:Co‐Kα線
・スキャンレンジ:2θ=10~110°
・スキャンステップ:0.02°
各試験番号のめっき層の厚さを、次の方法で測定した。めっき層の表面の任意の4箇所に対して、Helmut Fischer GmbH製、渦電流位相式膜厚計PHASCOPEPM910を用いて、めっき層の厚さを測定した。めっき層の測定は、ISO 21968(2005)に準拠する方法で行った。4箇所の測定結果の算術平均を、めっき層の厚さとした。結果を表2の「めっき層の厚さ(μm)」の欄に示す。
各試験番号の、めっき層を備える鋼板に対して、めっき層の耐剥離性評価試験を実施した。めっき層の耐剥離性評価試験は、以下の条件で行った。装置:神鋼造機株式会社製付着滑り試験機7号、摺動圧子:直径4.763mmのSUJ2鋼球、荷重:3kgf(ヘルツ面圧(平均面圧):1.56GPa)、摺動幅:10mm、摺動速度:4mm/s、温度:1~30℃、塗油:なし。摺動抵抗が、前回の摺動の摺動抵抗の3倍以上に高まった時の摺動回数を、「めっき層が剥離した摺動回数」とした。結果を表3の「めっき層剥離時の摺動回数(回)」の欄に示す。
試験番号1~15のめっき層表面の黒色化面積率を次の方法で測定した。めっき層を形成した縦100mm×横100mmの全領域を含む写真を撮影した。図4は、試験番号10のめっき層の写真である。得られた写真を、画像処理により白黒の二値化した。図5は、図4の写真を白黒二値化した画像である。白黒二値化した画像から、全体の面積に対する黒い部分の面積率を求めた。結果を表3の「黒色化面積率(%)」の欄に示す。
試験番号3~5及び15について、めっき層の硬度を測定した。めっき層の硬度測定試験は、次の条件で行った。Helmut Fischer GmbH製、微小硬度計FISCHERSCOPE(登録商標)HM2000を用いて、めっき層表面のビッカース硬度(Hv)を測定した。荷重は10~50mNであった。圧痕深さ(μm)の6倍が、めっき層厚さ以下となるように荷重を調整した。結果を表3の「めっき層の硬度(Hv)」の欄に示す。
表2及び表3を参照して、試験番号1~10のめっき層は、10.0~17.0質量%のNi、及び、残部はZn及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金の母相と、めっき層中の含有量が6.5~21.0質量%のPTFEとを含んでいた。その結果、耐剥離性評価試験において、めっき層が剥離した時の摺動回数が600回以上であった。試験番号1~10のめっき層を備える摺動部材は、ヘルツ面圧で1.5GPaを超える高面圧下での摺動時における、めっき層の耐剥離性に優れることが分かった。
2 基材
3 めっき層
20 摺動面
30 母相
31 ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)
Claims (3)
- 他の部材と摺動する摺動面を含む基材と、
少なくとも前記摺動面上に配置されるめっき層と、を備え、
前記めっき層は、
母相及びポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含み、
前記母相は、10.0~17.0質量%のNi、及び、残部はZn及び不純物からなるZn-Ni合金であり、
前記めっき層中の前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの含有量は6.5~21.0質量%である、
摺動部材。 - 請求項1に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記めっき層は、式(1)を満たす、
摺動部材。
0.85≦[PTFE]/[Ni]≦1.05 (1)
ここで、式(1)中、[PTFE]には、前記めっき層中の前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの質量%での含有量が代入され、[Ni]には、前記母相中の前記Niの質量%での含有量が代入される。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部材であって、
前記めっき層表面における黒色化面積率が30%以下である、
摺動部材。
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| JP2024533720A JP7791488B2 (ja) | 2022-07-12 | 2023-07-11 | 摺動部材 |
| CN202380052288.4A CN119768567A (zh) | 2022-07-12 | 2023-07-11 | 滑动构件 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05279772A (ja) | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-26 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性摺動合金、摺動部材およびその製造方法 |
| JP2002348699A (ja) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-12-04 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | メッキ皮膜及びそれを用いたメッキ被覆物 |
| JP2010266028A (ja) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | ドリリングタッピンねじ |
| JP2013032571A (ja) | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-14 | Yuken Industry Co Ltd | 亜鉛合金めっき部材からなる摺動部材および電気亜鉛合金めっき液 |
| JP2014228063A (ja) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-08 | Ntn株式会社 | 摺動部材、保持器、および転がり軸受 |
| JP2015071803A (ja) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社シマノ | 摺動部材、摺動部材を用いた自転車用部品、摺動部材を用いた釣り具用部品、及び摺動部材の製造方法 |
| JP2016032908A (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-03-10 | 住友理工株式会社 | 成形金型の製造方法および成形金型 |
| US20200087809A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-03-19 | Posco | Zn-ni electroplated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and formability and manufacturing method therefor |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0849090A (ja) * | 1994-08-05 | 1996-02-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | 耐食性、加工性に優れた燃料タンク用表面処理鋼板 |
| FR2839729B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-16 | 2005-02-11 | Univ Toulouse | Procede de protection d'un substrat en acier ou alliage d'aluminium contre la corrosion permettant de lui conferer des proprietes tribologiques, et substrat obtenu |
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2023
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- 2023-07-11 CN CN202380052288.4A patent/CN119768567A/zh active Pending
- 2023-07-11 EP EP23839622.0A patent/EP4556599A4/en active Pending
- 2023-07-11 WO PCT/JP2023/025551 patent/WO2024014450A1/ja not_active Ceased
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05279772A (ja) | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-26 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性摺動合金、摺動部材およびその製造方法 |
| JP2002348699A (ja) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-12-04 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | メッキ皮膜及びそれを用いたメッキ被覆物 |
| JP2010266028A (ja) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | ドリリングタッピンねじ |
| JP2013032571A (ja) | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-14 | Yuken Industry Co Ltd | 亜鉛合金めっき部材からなる摺動部材および電気亜鉛合金めっき液 |
| JP2014228063A (ja) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-08 | Ntn株式会社 | 摺動部材、保持器、および転がり軸受 |
| JP2015071803A (ja) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社シマノ | 摺動部材、摺動部材を用いた自転車用部品、摺動部材を用いた釣り具用部品、及び摺動部材の製造方法 |
| JP2016032908A (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-03-10 | 住友理工株式会社 | 成形金型の製造方法および成形金型 |
| US20200087809A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-03-19 | Posco | Zn-ni electroplated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and formability and manufacturing method therefor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4556599A1 (en) | 2025-05-21 |
| AR129871A1 (es) | 2024-10-09 |
| MX2024016050A (es) | 2025-04-02 |
| AU2023305259A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
| JP7791488B2 (ja) | 2025-12-24 |
| JPWO2024014450A1 (ja) | 2024-01-18 |
| CN119768567A (zh) | 2025-04-04 |
| EP4556599A4 (en) | 2026-01-21 |
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