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WO2024012161A1 - 无主栅ibc电池组件单元及制作方法、电池组件、电池组串 - Google Patents

无主栅ibc电池组件单元及制作方法、电池组件、电池组串 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024012161A1
WO2024012161A1 PCT/CN2023/101117 CN2023101117W WO2024012161A1 WO 2024012161 A1 WO2024012161 A1 WO 2024012161A1 CN 2023101117 W CN2023101117 W CN 2023101117W WO 2024012161 A1 WO2024012161 A1 WO 2024012161A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
low
battery
temperature welding
welding wire
ibc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/101117
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷楠
左燕
郭永刚
孙蛟
周西勇
杨紫琪
王锐
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xi'an Solar Power Branch
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xining Solar Power Branch
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd
State Power Investment Corp Ltd Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xi'an Solar Power Branch
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xining Solar Power Branch
Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd
State Power Investment Corp Ltd Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xi'an Solar Power Branch, Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xining Solar Power Branch, Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd, State Power Investment Corp Ltd Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd filed Critical Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co Ltd Xi'an Solar Power Branch
Publication of WO2024012161A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024012161A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/904—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells characterised by the shapes of the structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F71/121—The active layers comprising only Group IV materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar cell components, and specifically relates to a busbarless IBC battery component unit and its manufacturing method, battery components, and battery strings.
  • the photovoltaic industry is developing rapidly under the energy crisis.
  • the key to further promoting photovoltaic applications is to reduce the production cost of solar cell modules and improve the efficiency of solar cell modules.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of IBC (Interdigitated back contact) solar cells are designed on the backlight surface of the battery, and there is no grid line obstruction on the front side, thus avoiding the obstruction of the front grid electrode of conventional cells.
  • the optical loss caused increases the short-circuit current and conversion efficiency of the battery.
  • the electrodes of traditional IBC solar cells are mainly composed of main grid lines and auxiliary grid lines.
  • the auxiliary grid lines are used to collect current, and the main grid lines are used to collect the current collected by the auxiliary grid lines and export the current by welding with welding ribbons.
  • main grid electrodes and auxiliary grid electrodes are generally made of screen-printed conductive silver paste, which requires a large amount of silver paste, resulting in high cost of IBC solar cells.
  • busbar-less cell technology emerged as the times require.
  • Cells without main grid lines generally refer to the conventional cells with the main grid lines removed and thin grid lines retained; this type of cell does not need to have main grid lines, so it can reduce the amount of silver paste. usage and reduce the production cost of the battery. Therefore, applying the busbar-less cell technology to the IBC battery to form a busbar-less IBC battery has become a feasible option to effectively reduce the production cost of the IBC battery.
  • the PN junction and metal contact area are on the back of the battery.
  • IBC cells with both positive and negative electrodes on the back of the battery
  • the PN junction and metal contact area are on the back of the battery.
  • they need to be done on the back of the battery, so It is easy to cause uneven stress on the front and back of the battery.
  • traditional infrared welding technology is used to weld interconnections between IBC cells, due to the high temperature during the welding process, the welded cells are prone to cell warpage, which affects the yield of the battery module and is not good for the battery.
  • the development of thin slices are used to weld interconnections between IBC cells.
  • the present invention provides a busbarless IBC assembly. Unit components and manufacturing methods thereof, battery components, and battery strings.
  • a busbarless IBC battery module unit is provided, and the busbarless IBC battery module unit includes:
  • the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are provided with positive electrode fine grid lines and negative electrode fine grid lines on the backs of the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet.
  • the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines are The lines are parallel to each other in the first direction and arranged alternately;
  • the conductive tape includes a first low-temperature welding wire, a second low-temperature welding wire and a carrier film, the first low-temperature welding wire and the second low-temperature welding wire are formed on the carrier film, the first low-temperature welding wire and the The second low-temperature welding wires are parallel to each other and alternately arranged in the second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;
  • the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are welded to the conductive tape in a laminated manner; wherein one end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the positive electrode thin grid line of the first battery sheet , the other end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece; one end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece, the The other end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the positive electrode thin grid of the second battery piece.
  • the busbarless IBC battery module unit further includes a first encapsulating adhesive film, and the first encapsulating adhesive film includes a reinforcing layer and a laminated The adhesive film layer is on the reinforcement layer, and the first encapsulating adhesive film covers the surface of the conductive tape facing away from the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet.
  • a first cutting point and a second cutting point are further provided on the conductive strip; the first cutting point and the first cutting point are The low-temperature welding wires are spaced apart in the first direction, and the second cutting points and the second low-temperature welding wire are spaced apart in the first direction.
  • the first cutting points and the second cutting points are arranged in an alternately staggered manner in the second direction.
  • contact areas and insulation areas are provided on both the positive and negative thin grid lines of the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet. ; wherein, the contact areas and the insulating areas are linearly arranged and spaced apart in the first direction, and the contact areas and the insulating areas are alternately distributed in the second direction; the contact The insulation area is provided with solder joints, and the insulation area is provided with insulating glue.
  • one end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the contact area of the positive electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece, and the third The other end of a low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the contact area of the negative electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece; one end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the contact area of the negative electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece, The other end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the contact area of the positive electrode thin grid of the second battery piece.
  • a busbarless IBC battery module includes a plurality of busbarless IBC battery module units according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the busbarless IBC battery module
  • the main grid IBC battery module units are connected in series; wherein the first battery sheets and the second battery sheets are alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • a busbarless IBC battery string includes a plurality of busbarless IBC battery module units and a bus as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. belt, the busbarless IBC battery module units are connected in parallel through the bus belt.
  • a method for manufacturing a busbar-less IBC battery module unit includes: forming first and second low-temperature welding wires that are parallel to each other and alternately arranged on the carrier film to Form a conductive tape; arrange the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet on the conductive tape, and perform hot pressing to bond the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet to the conductive tape.
  • the back surfaces of the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are provided with positive electrode fine grid lines and negative electrode fine grid lines that are parallel to each other in the first direction and alternately arranged; one end of the first low-temperature welding wire is connected to the first battery sheet The positive electrode thin grid line is vertically welded, the other end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece; one end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece , the other end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the positive electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece.
  • first low-temperature welding wires and second low-temperature welding wires are formed parallel to each other and alternately arranged on the carrier film to
  • the method of forming a conductive tape includes: positioning multiple low-temperature welding wires in parallel at equal intervals through positioning wheels and placing them alternately on the carrier film, and thermally pressing the low-temperature welding wires and the carrier film through a hot-pressing mechanism. So that the low-temperature welding wire and the carrier film are combined into one body; the low-temperature welding wire is cut to form a first cutting point and a second cutting point respectively, thereby forming the first low-temperature welding wire and the second low-temperature welding wire. , obtain the conductive tape;
  • first cutting points and the first low-temperature welding wire are spaced apart in the first direction
  • second cutting points and the second low-temperature welding wire are spaced apart in the first direction
  • first The cutting points and the second cutting points are arranged in an alternately offset manner in the second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the main grid-less IBC battery module unit and its manufacturing method provided by the present invention use low-temperature welding wire on the conductive tape to replace the main grid wire on the back of the IBC battery sheet to achieve interconnection welding and current collection between IBC battery sheets. , which can remove the main grid lines in conventional IBC cells and reduce the usage of silver paste, which will help reduce the production and manufacturing costs of IBC solar cell modules.
  • the current transmission distance can also be shortened, and the series resistance of the cells can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell module; and the greater the number of low-temperature welding wires, the more It is conducive to improving the tolerance of cell cracks, which is more conducive to improving the performance of solar cell modules.
  • the encapsulating adhesive film covering the conductive tape is an integrated adhesive film composed of a two-layer structure of a reinforcement layer and an adhesive film layer, which can not only provide skeleton support for the conductive tape, but also prevent low-temperature welding wire from being attached to the conductive tape. The occurrence of offset distortion causes a short circuit in the IBC cell sheet, and is conducive to achieving good ohmic contact between the low-temperature welding wire and the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines of the IBC cell sheet.
  • the manufacturing method of the main gridless IBC battery assembly provided by the present invention adopts low-temperature lamination welding to weld and fix the IBC battery sheets and the conductive tape, which is beneficial to alleviate the process of welding and interconnection between the battery sheets. Warping of battery cells caused by high temperature and uneven welding stress will help reduce the fragmentation rate of battery cells, improve component yield, and also facilitate the development of thinner cells.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery sheet of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive strip of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement and installation of busbarless IBC battery module units in a busbarless IBC battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a busbarless IBC battery pack in a busbarless IBC battery pack string according to an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the arrangement and installation of component units;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term "includes” and variations thereof represent an open term meaning “including, but not limited to.”
  • the terms “based on”, “according to”, etc. mean “based at least in part on”, “based at least in part on”.
  • the terms “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” mean “at least one embodiment.”
  • the term “another embodiment” means “at least one other embodiment”.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may refer to different or the same object. Other definitions may be included below, whether explicit or implicit. The definition of a term is consistent throughout this specification unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a main grid-less IBC battery component unit and a manufacturing method thereof, a battery component, and a battery string.
  • the main gridless IBC battery module unit includes: a first battery sheet and a second battery sheet; both the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are provided with positive electrode fine grid lines and negative electrode fine grid lines on their backs, so The positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines are parallel to each other and alternately arranged in the first direction;
  • the conductive tape includes a first low-temperature welding wire, a second low-temperature welding wire and a carrier film, the first low-temperature welding wire and the second low-temperature welding wire are formed on the carrier film, the first low-temperature welding wire and the The second low-temperature welding wires are parallel to each other and alternately arranged in the second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;
  • the first battery sheet and the second battery sheet are welded to the conductive tape in a laminated manner; wherein one end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the positive electrode thin grid line of the first battery sheet , the other end of the first low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece; one end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the negative electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece, the The other end of the second low-temperature welding wire is vertically welded to the positive electrode thin grid of the second battery piece.
  • the main gridless IBC battery module unit also includes a first encapsulation film, a second encapsulation film, a front glass layer and a back plate layer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a busbarless IBC battery assembly unit includes:
  • the conductive tape 20 is welded to the back side of the battery sheet layer 10 (the battery sheets in the battery sheet layer 10 are all IBC battery sheets, and the back side of the battery sheet layer 10 is where the back side of the IBC battery sheet is located). surface).
  • the first encapsulation film 30 covers the surface of the conductive tape 20 facing away from the battery layer 10 .
  • the second encapsulating film 40 covers the front surface of the battery layer 10 (the back surface and the front surface of the battery layer 10 are opposite to each other).
  • the front glass layer 50 is disposed on the second encapsulating film 40
  • the back plate layer 60 is disposed on the first encapsulating film 30 .
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery sheet of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery sheet layer 10 is composed of an arrangement of first battery sheets 11 and second battery sheets 12 . Therefore, the battery sheet in FIG. 2 can be represented as a first battery sheet 11 or a second battery sheet 12 .
  • the back side of the cell is provided with evenly distributed positive electrode fine grid lines 13 and negative electrode fine grid lines 14.
  • the positive electrode fine grid lines 13 and the negative electrode fine grid lines 14 are parallel to each other and alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • the positive electrode thin grid line 13 and the negative electrode thin grid line 14 extend in the second direction (the labels on the positive electrode thin grid line 13 and the negative electrode thin grid line 14 in Figure 2 are not absolute, and their purpose is mainly to Distinguish the positive and negative electrode lines of the cell).
  • the first direction is the arrangement direction of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12, and the The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • a contact region 15 and an insulation region 16 are provided on both the positive electrode thin gate line 13 and the negative electrode thin gate line 14 .
  • the contact areas 15 and the insulating areas 16 are linearly arranged and spaced apart in the first direction, and the contact areas 15 and the insulating areas 16 are alternately distributed in the second direction. .
  • the contact area 15 is provided with solder paste solder joints, and the insulation area 16 is provided with insulating glue.
  • the height of the solder paste solder joint is 20 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m.
  • grid lines 17 perpendicular to the positive electrode thin grid lines 13 and the negative electrode thin grid lines 14 may also be provided at both ends of the edge of the cell sheet.
  • the length of the gate line 17 is ⁇ 10mm, and the width b is ⁇ 0.04mm.
  • the grid lines 17 are conducive to ensuring the current transmission between the positive electrode thin grid lines 13 and the negative electrode thin grid lines 14 at both ends of the cell sheet and the reliability of the cell sheet interconnection.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive strip of a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conductive tape 20 includes a first low-temperature welding wire 21 , a second low-temperature welding wire 22 , a carrier film 23 , a first cutting point 24 and a second cutting point 25 .
  • first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are formed on the carrier film.
  • the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 both extend along the first direction, and the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are parallel to each other in the second direction. and distributed alternately.
  • the number of the first low-temperature welding wires 21 and the second low-temperature welding wires 22 is equal, and the number of the first low-temperature welding wires 21 or the second low-temperature welding wires 22 is N>9.
  • the distance between the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 is equal.
  • the conductive tape 20 is also provided with a first cutting point 24 and a second cutting point 25 .
  • the first cutting points 24 and the first low-temperature welding wire 21 are spaced apart in the first direction, and the second cutting points 25 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are spaced apart in the first direction.
  • first cutting points 24 and the second cutting points 25 are arranged in an alternately staggered manner in the second direction.
  • first cutting point 24 and the second cutting point 25 By forming the first cutting point 24 and the second cutting point 25, it is possible to avoid the first battery A short circuit is caused between the chip 11 and the second battery chip 12 .
  • the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 both include a base material and a plating layer surrounding the base material.
  • the base material is copper
  • the plating layer is selected from tin-bismuth-silver alloy or tin-bismuth alloy or tin-bismuth-lead alloy with a melting point of ⁇ 140°C.
  • the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 have the same cross-sectional shape, which is either circular or rectangular.
  • the diameter of the cross-section is 0.15 mm to 0.35 mm, and the thickness of the coating is 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the widths of the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. Furthermore, the plating thickness m on the side where the low-temperature welding wire contacts the carrier film 23 ⁇ the plating thickness n on the side where the low-temperature welding wire contacts the battery sheet, where the plating thickness n is 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the carrier film 23 is any one of POE, TPO or EVA.
  • the thickness of the carrier film 23 is 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and the melting point is 90°C to 120°C.
  • the maximum fluidity of the carrier film 23 is lower than that of the first encapsulating adhesive film 30 and the second encapsulating adhesive film 40 .
  • the peeling strength between the carrier film 23 and the battery backside of the battery sheet is ⁇ 30N/cm.
  • one end of the first low-temperature welding wire 21 is vertically welded to the contact area 15 of the positive electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece 11 , and the other end of the first low-temperature welding wire 21 is welded vertically to the second
  • the contact area 15 of the negative electrode fine grid line of the battery sheet 12 is vertically welded;
  • one end of the second low-temperature welding wire 22 is vertically welded to the contact area 15 of the negative electrode fine grid line of the first battery sheet 11, and the second low-temperature welding wire
  • the other end of 22 is vertically welded to the contact area 15 of the positive electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece 12 .
  • the first low-temperature soldering wire 21 and the second low-temperature soldering wire 22 can be connected to the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the negative thin grid lines are connected vertically and avoid direct contact.
  • insulating glue is also provided on the positive and negative thin grid lines of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 . Since the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are alternately distributed along the first direction, the use of the insulating glue can prevent the same low-temperature welding wire from being connected to the same battery. Contact is formed between the thin grid lines of different polarities on the chip, causing a short circuit in the battery.
  • the insulating glue can play an insulating role, multiple groups of adjacent positive and negative electrodes with opposite electrode polarities can be formed in the second direction, where the positive electrodes in each group of positive and negative electrodes can be formed. (or negative electrode) is marked with MARK point M.
  • the main grid-less IBC battery module unit uses low-temperature welding wire on the conductive tape 20 to replace the main grid wires on the back of the IBC battery sheets to achieve interconnection welding and current collection between the battery sheets, thereby eliminating the need for conventional IBC batteries.
  • the main gate lines in the chip can reduce the usage of silver paste by more than 65%.
  • the first encapsulating adhesive film 30 is an integrated adhesive film composed of a two-layer structure of a reinforcement layer 31 and an adhesive film layer 32 .
  • the reinforcing layer 31 is one or a mixture of one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber or plastic fiber reinforcing materials, and the reinforcing layer 31 has a mesh structure.
  • the thickness of the reinforcement layer 31 is 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm, and the length and width of the reinforcement layer 31 need to be sufficient to completely cover the conductive strip 20 .
  • the material of the adhesive film layer 32 is any one of transparent EVA, POE, or co-extruded POE formed by co-extrusion of EVA and POE.
  • the weight of the adhesive film layer 32 is 460g/m 2 to 550g/m 2 .
  • the reinforcement layer 31 provides a skeleton support function, which can reduce the fluidity of the adhesive film layer 32 during the lamination process of the first encapsulating adhesive film 30 and the conductive tape 20 and prevent The glue film in the glue film layer 32 melts and flows between the conductive tape 20 and the battery piece, causing insulation between the low-temperature welding wire and the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines. Moreover, it can also prevent the low-temperature welding wire from being deflected and twisted due to the high fluidity of the adhesive film layer 32 during the lamination process, thereby causing a short circuit between the low-temperature welding wire and the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines.
  • the reinforcement layer 31 can also simultaneously apply pressure below 20 to the conductive strip 20 to enhance the contact between the low-temperature welding wire and the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines, which is beneficial to achieving good ohmic contact between the low-temperature welding wire and the IBC cell piece. .
  • the material of the second encapsulation film 40 is any one of transparent EVA, POE, or co-extruded POE formed by co-extrusion of EVA and POE.
  • the backsheet layer 60 is any of a white backsheet, a black highly reflective backsheet, a black inside and white outside, a grid backsheet, a transparent glass backsheet, or a grid glass backsheet. A sort of.
  • a busbarless IBC battery assembly is provided, the busbarless The IBC battery module includes a plurality of the above-mentioned busbarless IBC battery module units, and the busbarless IBC battery module units are connected in series.
  • the first battery sheets 11 and the second battery sheets 12 are alternately arranged in the first direction according to the above-mentioned connection method.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement and installation of busbarless IBC battery module units in a busbarless IBC battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the front glass 50 and the front plate glass 50 in the busbarless IBC battery module unit are omitted in FIG. 4
  • the first encapsulating film 30 , the second encapsulating film 40 and the backsheet layer 60 only indicate the battery sheet layer 10 (including the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 ) in the mainbarless IBC battery module unit. ) and conductive tape 20.
  • the conductive tape 20 is connected to the back surface of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 , and the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are located there. are alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • the spacing between two adjacent battery sheets can be a positive spacing or a negative spacing according to actual needs.
  • the spacing between two adjacent battery cells when the spacing between two adjacent battery cells is a positive spacing, the spacing ranges from 0.3mm to 1.5mm.
  • the spacing between two adjacent battery cells is a negative spacing, the spacing ranges from -0.3mm to -1.0mm.
  • a busbarless IBC battery string includes the above-mentioned plurality of busbarless IBC battery assembly units and bus strips 70 .
  • the grid IBC battery module units are connected in parallel through the bus strip 70 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement and installation of busbarless IBC battery module units in a busbarless IBC battery string according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the front glass 50 in the busbarless IBC battery module unit is omitted in Figure 5
  • the first encapsulating film 30, the second encapsulating film 40 and the backsheet layer 60 only the battery sheet layer 10 (including the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet) in the mainbarless IBC battery module unit is marked. 12), conductive strip 20 and bus strip 70.
  • the conductive tape 20 is connected to the back surface of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 , and the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are connected as described above.
  • the modes are alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • the busbarless IBC battery pack is realized by utilizing the bus strips 70 The units are connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a busbarless IBC battery module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, the manufacturing method includes step S610, step S620 and step S630.
  • step S610 first low-temperature welding wires 21 and second low-temperature welding wires 22 are formed parallel to each other and alternately arranged on the carrier film 23 to form the conductive strip 20 .
  • step S610 includes:
  • a plurality of low-temperature welding wires are positioned in parallel at equal intervals through positioning wheels and placed alternately on the carrier film 23, and the low-temperature welding wires and the carrier film 23 are thermally pressed together through a hot pressing mechanism, so that all the low-temperature welding wires are The low-temperature welding wire and the carrier film 23 are combined into one body.
  • the low-temperature welding wire is punched and cut to form first cutting points 24 and second cutting points 25 respectively, thereby forming the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 to obtain the conductive tape 20 .
  • first cutting points 24 and the first low-temperature welding wire 21 are spaced apart in the first direction
  • second cutting points 25 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are spaced apart in the first direction
  • the first cutting points 24 and the second cutting points 25 are arranged in an alternately displaced manner in the second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • step S620 the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are arranged on the conductive tape 20, and hot pressing is performed so that the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are in contact with the conductive tape 20.
  • the conductive tape 20 is bonded and fixed.
  • the conductive belt 20 is laid on the conveyor belt and fixed by vacuum adsorption on the bottom plate; secondly, the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are arranged on the conductive belt 20. And make the battery back surfaces of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 contact the conductive tape 20; then, heat press the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 to The first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are bonded and fixed to the conductive tape 20 .
  • the back surfaces of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are provided with evenly distributed positive electrode fine grid lines and negative electrode fine grid lines.
  • the first direction is parallel to each other and arranged alternately.
  • the first low-temperature welding wire 21 and the second low-temperature welding wire 22 are in vertical contact with the positive and negative electrode fine grid lines.
  • the first direction is the arrangement direction of the battery sheets.
  • the temperature of the hot pressing is 120°C to 250°C; the time of the hot pressing is 2s to 8s.
  • the manufacturing method before arranging the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 on the conductive tape 20, the manufacturing method further includes:
  • Alternate contact regions 15 and insulation regions 16 are formed on the positive electrode fine grid lines and the negative electrode fine grid lines of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 .
  • the contact areas 15 and the insulating areas 16 are linearly arranged and spaced apart in the first direction, and the contact areas 15 and the insulating areas 16 are alternately distributed in the second direction.
  • solder paste solder joints are formed on the contact area 15 , and insulating glue is coated on the insulation area 16 .
  • the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines on the backs of the batteries of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are in contact with the low-temperature welding wires of the conductive tape 20 .
  • one end of the first low-temperature welding wire 21 is in vertical contact with the positive electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece 11, and the other end of the first low-temperature welding wire 21 is in vertical contact with the negative electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece 12; so
  • One end of the second low-temperature welding wire 22 is in vertical contact with the negative electrode thin grid line of the first battery piece 11 , and the other end of the second low-temperature welding wire 22 is in vertical contact with the positive electrode thin grid line of the second battery piece 12 .
  • step S630 lamination equipment is used to laminate the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12, so that the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are connected to the conductive Take 20 for welding.
  • the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines on the back of the batteries of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are welded to the low-temperature welding wire on the conductive tape 20 .
  • the lamination temperature is 135°C to 150°C.
  • the busbarless IBC battery module unit also includes a first encapsulating film 30 , a second encapsulating film 40 , a front glass layer 50 and a back plate layer 60 .
  • first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are laminated using a lamination equipment, so that the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are connected with the conductive tape.
  • 20 for welding methods specifically including:
  • the first encapsulating film 30 and the backsheet layer 60 are sequentially placed on the surface of the conductive tape 20 facing away from the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 , and on the The second encapsulating adhesive film 40 and the front glass layer 50 are sequentially placed on the front surfaces of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 , and lamination equipment is used to laminate the placed stacks. Pressure to form an integrated battery structure.
  • the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines on the battery backs of the first battery sheet 11 and the second battery sheet 12 are welded to the low-temperature welding wire on the conductive tape 20 .
  • the main grid-less IBC battery module unit and its manufacturing method provided by the invention use low-temperature welding wire on the conductive tape to replace the main grid wires on the back of the IBC cells to realize interconnection welding and current flow between the IBC cells.
  • the main grid lines in conventional IBC cells can be removed, reducing the usage of silver paste, which in turn helps reduce the manufacturing cost of IBC solar cell modules.
  • the current transmission distance can also be shortened, and the series resistance of the cells can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell module; and the greater the number of low-temperature welding wires, the more It is conducive to improving the tolerance of cell cracks, which is more conducive to improving the performance of solar cell modules.
  • the encapsulating adhesive film covering the conductive tape is an integrated adhesive film composed of a two-layer structure of a reinforcement layer and an adhesive film layer, which can not only provide skeleton support for the conductive tape, but also prevent low-temperature welding wire from being attached to the conductive tape. The occurrence of offset distortion causes a short circuit in the IBC cell sheet, and is conducive to achieving good ohmic contact between the low-temperature welding wire and the positive and negative electrode thin grid lines of the IBC cell sheet.
  • the manufacturing method of the main gridless IBC battery assembly provided by the present invention adopts low-temperature lamination welding to weld and fix the IBC battery sheets and the conductive tape, which is beneficial to alleviate the process of welding and interconnection between the battery sheets. Warping of battery cells caused by high temperature and uneven welding stress will help reduce the fragmentation rate of battery cells, improve component yield, and also facilitate the development of thinner cells.

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其包括：第一电池片和第二电池片，电池片的背面设有互相平行且交替设置的正极细栅线和负极细栅线；导电带，包括在互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝，以及承载膜；第一电池片和第二电池片通过层压的方式与导电带进行焊接，其中，第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝分别与正负极细栅线垂直焊接。所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法，通过利用低温焊丝代替电池片的主栅线，可以降低银浆的消耗量，从而有利于降低生产制造成本，还有利于提高电池组件的性能，此外，通过低温层压焊接的方式将IBC电池片与导电带进行焊接固定，能够缓解电池片之间的焊接互联存在的焊接温度过高和焊接应力不均的问题。

Description

无主栅IBC电池组件单元及制作方法、电池组件、电池组串 技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池组件技术领域，具体涉及一种无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法、电池组件、电池组串。
背景技术
能源危机下光伏产业发展迅速，进一步推广光伏应用的关键是降低太阳能电池组件生产成本，提升太阳能电池组件效率。
与常规的晶硅太阳能电池不同，IBC(Interdigitated back contact，交叉背接触)太阳能电池的正极和负极均设计于电池背光面，正面无栅线遮挡，从而可以避免常规电池的正面栅线电极的遮挡造成的光学损失，提升了电池的短路电流及转化效率。
传统IBC太阳能电池的电极主要由主栅线和副栅线构成，其中，副栅线用于收集电流，主栅线用于汇集副栅线收集的电流并通过与焊带焊接将电流导出。目前主栅线电极与副栅线电极一般采用丝网印刷导电银浆料制成，需要消耗大量的银浆，导致IBC太阳能电池的成本较高。在形成低成本、高转化效率的电池这一目标的催促下，无主栅线电池片技术应运而生。无主栅线电池片，一般指的是在常规电池片的基础上，去掉电池片的主栅线且保留细栅线；这种电池片因为不再需要设置主栅线，从而可以降低银浆的使用量，降低电池的制作成本，故将所述无主栅线电池片技术应用到IBC电池上形成无主栅IBC电池，成为有效降低IBC电池的制作成本的可行选项。
对于正极和负极均处于电池背面的IBC电池片，其PN结和金属接触区域均处于电池的背面，对IBC电池片进行焊接互连以形成IBC电池组件时，均需要在电池的背面进行，这样易导致电池的正面和背面受力不均。并且，利用传统的红外焊接技术进行IBC电池片之间的焊接互连时，由于焊接过程中的温度较高，焊接后的电池容易发生电池片翘曲，影响电池组件良率，也不利于电池的薄片化发展。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种无主栅IBC组件 单元组件及其制作方法、电池组件、电池组串。
根据本发明实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元包括：
第一电池片和第二电池片，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的背面均设有正极细栅线和负极细栅线，所述正极细栅线和所述负极细栅线在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置；
导电带，所述导电带包括第一低温焊丝、第二低温焊丝和承载膜，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝形成于所述承载膜上，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝在第二方向上互相平行且交替设置；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直；
所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片通过层压的方式与所述导电带进行焊接；其中，所述第一低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接。
在上述实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的一个示例中，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元还包括第一封装胶膜，所述第一封装胶膜包括强化层以及层叠于所述强化层上的胶膜层，且所述第一封装胶膜覆盖所述导电带的背向所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的表面。
在上述实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的一个示例中，所述导电带上还设置有第一裁断点和第二裁断点；所述第一裁断点与所述第一低温焊丝在所述第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点与所述第二低温焊丝在所述第一方向上间隔分布。
在上述实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的一个示例中，所述第一裁断点和所述第二裁断点在所述第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布。
在上述实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的一个示例中，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的正负极细栅线上均设有接触区和绝缘区；其中，所述接触区和所述绝缘区在所述第一方向上呈直线排布且间隔分布，且所述接触区和所述绝缘区在所述第二方向上交替分布；所述接触区设有锡膏焊点，所述绝缘区设有绝缘胶。
在上述实施例的一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的一个示例中，所述第一低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的正极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的负极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的负极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的正极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件，所述无主栅IBC电池组件包括权利要求1～6任一所述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元之间串联连接；其中，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片在所述第一方向上交替排布。
根据本发明实施例的又一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组串，所述无主栅IBC电池组串包括权利要求1～6任一所述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元和汇流带，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元通过所述汇流带进行并联连接。
根据本发明实施例的再一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法，所述制作方法包括：在承载膜上形成互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝，以形成导电带；将第一电池片和第二电池片排布于所述导电带上，并进行热压以使所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片与所述导电带进行粘结固定；利用层压设备对所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片进行层压，以使所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片与所述导电带进行焊接；其中，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的背面均设有在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置正极细栅线和负极细栅线；所述第一低温焊丝的一端与第一电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与第二电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与第一电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与第二电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接。
在上述实施例的又一方面提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元件的制作方法的一个示例中，所述在承载膜上形成互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝，以形成导电带的方法包括：将多条低温焊丝通过定位轮等间距平行定位并依次交替置于所述承载膜上，并通过热压机构将所述低温焊丝与所述承载膜进行热压合，以使所述低温焊丝和所述承载膜复合为一体；对所述低温焊丝进行裁断，分别形成第一裁断点和第二裁断点，从而形成所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝，获得所述导电带；
其中，所述第一裁断点和所述第一低温焊丝在第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点和所述第二低温焊丝在第一方向上进行间隔分布，且所述第一裁断点和所述第二裁断点在第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直。
有益效果：本发明提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法，通过利用导电带上的低温焊丝代替IBC电池片背面的主栅线，以实现IBC电池片之间的互联焊接以及电流汇集，从而可以去除常规IBC电池片中的主栅线，降低银浆的使用量，进而有利于降低IBC太阳能电池组件的生产制造成本。并且，通过在所述导电带上形成多条低温焊丝，还可以缩短电流的传输距离，降低电池片的串联电阻，进而有利于提高太阳能电池组件的效率；而且低温焊丝的数量越多，越有利于提高电池片的隐裂容忍度，从而越有利于提高太阳能电池组件的性能。此外，覆盖所述导电带的封装胶膜为由强化层和胶膜层两层结构构成的一体化胶膜，不仅可以对所述导电带起骨架支撑作用，还可以防止导电带上的低温焊丝发生偏移扭曲导致IBC电池片发生短路，并有利于使所述低温焊丝与IBC电池片的正负极细栅线之间实现良好的欧姆接触。
本发明提供的无主栅IBC电池组件的制作方法通过采用低温层压焊接的方式以将IBC电池片与所述导电带进行焊接固定，有利于缓解进行电池片之间的焊接互联的过程中由于高温和焊接应力不均导致的的电池片翘曲，从而有利于降低电池片的碎片率，提升组件良率，并且还有利于电池片的薄片化发展。
附图说明
通过结合附图进行的以下描述，本发明的实施例的上述和其它方面、特点和优点将变得更加清楚，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的电池片的结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的导电带的结构示意图；
图4是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件中的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的排布安装的实施方式的示意图；
图5是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组串中的无主栅IBC电池组 件单元的排布安装的实施方式的示意图；
图6是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下，将参照附图来详细描述本发明的具体实施例。然而，可以以许多不同的形式来实施本发明，并且本发明不应该被解释为限制于这里阐述的具体实施例。相反，提供这些实施例是为了解释本发明的原理及其实际应用，从而使本领域的其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改。
如本文中使用的，术语“包括”及其变型表示开放的术语，含义是“包括但不限于”。术语“基于”、“根据”等表示“至少部分地基于”、“至少部分地根据”。术语“一个实施例”和“一实施例”表示“至少一个实施例”。术语“另一个实施例”表示“至少一个其他实施例”。术语“第一”、“第二”等可以指代不同的或相同的对象。下面可以包括其他的定义，无论是明确的还是隐含的。除非上下文中明确地指明，否则一个术语的定义在整个说明书中是一致的。
如背景技术中所述，通过形成不需要设置主栅线的无主栅IBC电池片，成为有效降低IBC电池组件的制作成本的可行选项。此外，对于正极和负极均处于电池背面的IBC电池片，其电池片之间焊接互联形成电池组件时均需要在电池片的背面进行，易导致电池片的正面和背面受力不均，并且传统焊接技术的温度较高，容易发生电池片翘曲，影响组件良率，也不利于电池片薄片化的发展。因此，为了解决现有技术中有关IBC电池组件存在的诸多技术问题，根据本发明的实施例提供了一种无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法、电池组件、电池组串。
所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元包括：第一电池片和第二电池片；所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的背面均设有正极细栅线和负极细栅线，所述正极细栅线和所述负极细栅线在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置；
导电带；所述导电带包括第一低温焊丝、第二低温焊丝和承载膜，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝形成于所述承载膜上，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝在第二方向上互相平行且交替设置；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直；
所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片通过层压的方式与所述导电带进行焊接；其中，所述第一低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接。
所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元还包括有第一封装胶膜、第二封装胶膜、前板玻璃层和背板层。
以下将结合附图来详细描述根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法、电池组件、电池组串。
图1是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的结构示意图。
参照图1，根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元包括：
电池片层10、导电带20、第一封装胶膜30、第二封装胶膜40、前板玻璃层50、背板层60。
具体地，所述导电带20与电池片层10的背面进行焊接(所述电池片层10中的电池片均为IBC电池片，所述电池片层10的背面为IBC电池片的背面所在的表面)。所述第一封装胶膜30覆盖所述导电带20的背向所述电池片层10的表面。所述第二封装胶膜40覆盖所述电池片层10的正面(所述电池片层10的背面与正面彼此相对)。所述前板玻璃层50设置于所述第二封装胶膜40上，所述背板层60设置于所述第一封装胶膜30上。
图2是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的电池片的结构示意图。
在本实施例中，所述电池片层10由第一电池片11和第二电池片12排布组成。因此，图2中的电池片可以表示为第一电池片11或第二电池片12。
参照图2，电池片的背面设有均匀分布的正极细栅线13和负极细栅线14，所述正极细栅线13和所述负极细栅线14在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置，且所述正极细栅线13和所述负极细栅线14在第二方向上延伸(图2中关于正极细栅线13和负极细栅线14的标示并不是绝对的，其目的主要是将电池片的正负极细栅线进行区分)。
其中，所述第一方向为第一电池片11和第二电池片12的排布方向，所述 第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
继续参照图2，所述正极细栅线13和所述负极细栅线14上均设有接触区15和绝缘区16。
进一步地，所述接触区15和所述绝缘区16在所述第一方向上呈直线排布且间隔分布，且所述接触区15和所述绝缘区16在所述第二方向上交替分布。
更进一步地，所述接触区15设有锡膏焊点，所述绝缘区16设有绝缘胶。
其中，所述锡膏焊点的高度为20μm～45μm。
在一个示例中，沿着所述第一方向，电池片的边缘两端还可以设置有垂直于所述正极细栅线13和所述负极细栅线14的栅线17。
所述栅线17的长度≤10mm，宽度b≥0.04mm。所述栅线17有利于保证电池片的边缘两端的所述正极细栅线13和所述负极细栅线14之间的电流传输以及电池片互联的可靠性。
图3是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的导电带的结构示意图。如图3所示，所示导电带20包括第一低温焊丝21、第二低温焊丝22、承载膜23、第一裁断点24和第二裁断点25。
具体地，所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22形成于所述承载膜上。所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22均沿着所述第一方向延伸，且所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22在所述第二方向上互相平行且交替分布。
其中，所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22的数量相等，并且，所述第一低温焊丝21或所述第二低温焊丝22的数量N＞9。所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22之间的间距相等。
在本实施例中，所述导电带20上还设置有第一裁断点24和第二裁断点25。所述第一裁断点24和所述第一低温焊丝21在所述第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点25和所述第二低温焊丝22在所述第一方向上间隔分布。
进一步地，所述第一裁断点24和所述第二裁断点25在所述第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布。
通过形成所述第一裁断点24和所述第二裁断点25，可以避免所述第一电池 片11和所述第二电池片12之间造成短路。
在一个示例中，所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22均包括基材以及包裹所述基材的镀层。其中，所述基材为铜，所述镀层选自熔点为≤140℃的锡铋银合金或锡铋合金或锡铋铅合金。所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22的截面的形状相同，均为圆形或矩形中的任意一种。
其中，当所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22的截面为圆形时，截面的直径为0.15mm～0.35mm，所述镀层的厚度为10μm～50μm。
当所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22的截面为矩形时，所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22的宽度为0.2mm～1.5mm。并且，低温焊丝与所述承载膜23接触的一侧的镀层厚度m＜低温焊丝与电池片接触一侧的镀层厚度n，其中，镀层厚度n为10μm～50μm。通过减小低温焊丝与所述承载膜23接触一侧的镀层厚度可以降低镀层合金的使用量，从而降低材料成本。
在一个示例中，所述承载膜23的材料为POE、TPO或EVA中的任意一种。所述承载膜23的厚度为50μm～200μm，熔点为90℃～120℃。所述承载膜23的最大流动性低于所述第一封装胶膜30和所述第二封装胶膜40。所述承载膜23与电池片的电池背面的剥离强度≥30N/cm。
在本实施例中，所述第一低温焊丝21的一端与所述第一电池片11的正极细栅线的接触区15垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝21的另一端与所述第二电池片12的负极细栅线的接触区15垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝22的一端与所述第一电池片11的负极细栅线的接触区15垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝22的另一端与所述第二电池片12的正极细栅线的接触区15垂直焊接。从而实现相邻的两个所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12上极性相反的正负极细栅线通过所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22依次进行电性连接。
通过在所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的正负极细栅线上形成锡膏焊点，可以使所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22与正负极细栅线进行垂直连接并避免其直接进行接触。
此外，在所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的正负极细栅线上还设置有绝缘胶。由于所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的正负极细栅线沿着所述第一方向交替分布，因此通过利用所述绝缘胶，可以避免同一条低温焊丝与同一电池片的不同极性的细栅线之间均形成接触，导致电池短路。
由于所述绝缘胶可以起到绝缘的作用，从而可在所述第二方向上形成多组两两相邻且电极极性相反的正负极，其中，将每一组正负极中的正极(或负极)利用MARK点M进行标记。
所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元通过利用所述导电带20上的低温焊丝代替IBC电池片背面的主栅线，以实现电池片之间的互联焊接以及电流汇集，从而可以去除常规的IBC电池片中的主栅线，进而可以降低65％以上的银浆使用量。此外，通过在所述导电带20上形成多条低温焊丝，有利于缩短电流的传输距离，降低电池片的串联电阻，进而有利于提高太阳能电池组件的效率；并且，低温焊丝的数量越多，越有利于提高电池片的隐裂容忍度，从而提高太阳能电池组件的性能。
在本实施例中，所述第一封装胶膜30为由强化层31和胶膜层32两层结构构成的一体化胶膜。
在一个示例中，所述强化层31为玻璃纤维或碳纤维或塑料纤维增强材料中的一种或几种的混合，，所述强化层31为网状结构。所述强化层31的厚度为0.05mm～0.20mm，所述强化层31的长度和宽度需要满足完全覆盖所述导电带20。
在一个示例中，所述胶膜层32的材料为透明的EVA、POE或EVA与POE共挤形成的共挤POE中的任意一种。所述胶膜层32的克重为460g/m2～550g/m2。
其中，所述强化层31提供一个骨架支撑的作用，在将所述第一封装胶膜30与所述导电带20进行层压的过程中，能够降低所述胶膜层32的流动性，防止所述胶膜层32中的胶膜融化后流入所述导电带20与电池片之间，造成低温焊丝与正负极细栅线之间的绝缘。并且，还能够同时防止在层压过程中由于所述胶膜层32的流动性较大带动低温焊丝发生偏移扭曲，从而导致低温焊丝与正负极细栅线之间发生短路。此外，所述强化层31还能够同时给所述导电带20以下压力，增强低温焊丝与正负极细栅线之间的接触，有利于使得低温焊丝与IBC电池片之间实现良好的欧姆接触。
在本实施例中，所述第二封装胶膜40的材料为透明的EVA、POE或EVA与POE共挤形成的共挤POE中的任意一种。
在本实施例中，所述背板层60为白色背板、黑色高反射背板、内黑外白高反射背板、网格背板、透明玻璃背板或网格玻璃背板中的任意一种。
根据本发明的实施例的另一方面提供了无主栅IBC电池组件，所述无主栅 IBC电池组件包括上述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元之间串联连接。其中，所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12按照上述连接方式在所述第一方向上交替排布。
图4是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件中的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的排布安装的实施方式的示意图。其中，为了能够简化说明所述无主栅IBC电池组件中的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的排布安装方式，图4中省略了所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元中的前板玻璃50、第一封装胶膜30、第二封装胶膜40和背板层60，仅标示出所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元中的电池片层10(包括第一电池片11和第二电池片12)和导电带20。
如图4所示，所述导电带20与所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的背面进行连接，且所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12在所述第一方向上交替排布。
在本实施例中，相邻的两个电池片之间的片间距根据实际需要可以为正间距或负间距。其中，当相邻的两个电池片之间的片间距为正间距时，间距的范围为0.3mm～1.5mm。当相邻的两个电池片之间的片间距为负间距时，间距的范围为-0.3mm～-1.0mm。
通过采取正间距或负间距的片间距的方式进行电池片的排布设计，有利于进一步提高太阳能电池组件的效率。
根据本发明的实施例的又一方面提供了无主栅IBC电池组串，所述无主栅IBC电池组串包括上述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元和汇流带70，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元通过所述汇流带70进行并联连接。
图5是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组串中的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的排布安装的实施方式的示意图。其中，为了能够简化说明所述无主栅IBC电池组串中的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的排布安装方式，图5中省略了所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元中的前板玻璃50、第一封装胶膜30、第二封装胶膜40和背板层60，仅标示出所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元中的电池片层10(包括第一电池片11和第二电池片12)、导电带20和汇流带70。
如图5所示，所述导电带20与所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的背面进行连接，所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12按照上述连接方式在所述第一方向上交替排布。通过利用所述汇流带70实现所述无主栅IBC电池组 件单元之间进行并联连接。
根据本发明的实施例的再一方面提供了无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法。图6是根据本发明的实施例的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法的流程图。参照图6，所述制作方法包括步骤S610、步骤S620和步骤S630。
在步骤S610中，在承载膜23上形成互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝21和第二低温焊丝22，以形成导电带20。
具体地，步骤S610包括：
首先，将多条低温焊丝通过定位轮等间距平行定位并依次交替置于所述承载膜23上，并通过热压机构将所述低温焊丝与所述承载膜23进行热压合，以使所述低温焊丝和所述承载膜23复合为一体。
然后，对所述低温焊丝进行冲孔裁断，分别形成第一裁断点24和第二裁断点25，从而形成所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22，获得所述导电带20。
其中，所述第一裁断点24和所述第一低温焊丝21在第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点25和所述第二低温焊丝22在第一方向上进行间隔分布，且所述第一裁断点24和所述第二裁断点25在第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直。
在步骤S620中，将第一电池片11和第二电池片12排布于所述导电带20上，并进行热压以使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12与所述导电带20进行粘结固定。
具体地，首先，将所述导电带20铺设于传送带上，由底板真空吸附固定；其次，将所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12排布于所述导电带20上，并使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的电池背面与所述导电带20接触；然后，对所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12进行热压以使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12与所述导电带20进行粘结固定。
其中，所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的背面设有均匀分布的正极细栅线和负极细栅线，所述正极细栅线和所述负极细栅线在所述第一方向上互相平行且交替设置。所述第一低温焊丝21和所述第二低温焊丝22与正负极细栅线垂直接触。所述第一方向为电池片的排布方向。
在一个示例中，所述热压的温度为120℃～250℃；所述热压的时间为2s～8s。
在本实施例中，在将第一电池片11和第二电池片12排布于所述导电带20上之前，所述制作方法还包括：
在所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的正极细栅线和负极细栅线上均形成交替设置的接触区15和绝缘区16。
其中，所述接触区15和所述绝缘区16在所述第一方向上呈直线排布且间隔分布，所述接触区15和所述绝缘区16在所述第二方向上交替分布。
进一步地，所述接触区15上形成锡膏焊点，所述绝缘区16上涂覆绝缘胶。
在本实施例中，所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的电池背面的正负极细栅线与所述导电带20的低温焊丝形成接触。其中，所述第一低温焊丝21的一端与第一电池片11的正极细栅线垂直接触，所述第一低温焊丝21的另一端与第二电池片12的负极细栅线垂直接触；所述第二低温焊丝22的一端与第一电池片11的负极细栅线垂直接触，所述第二低温焊丝22的另一端与第二电池片12的正极细栅线垂直接触。
在步骤S630中，利用层压设备对所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12进行层压，以使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12与所述导电带20进行焊接。
具体地，所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的电池背面的正负极细栅线与所述导电带20上的低温焊丝进行焊接。
在本实施例中，所述层压的温度为135℃～150℃。
通过采用低温层压焊接的方式以将所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12与所述导电带20进行焊接固定，有利于缓解常规的焊接方式由于温度较高且焊接应力不均导致的电池片翘曲，从而有利于降低电池片的碎片率，提升组件良率，并且还有利于电池片的薄片化发展。
在本实施例中，由于所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元还包括有第一封装胶膜30、第二封装胶膜40、前板玻璃层50和背板层60。
因此，所述利用层压设备对所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12进行层压，以使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12与所述导电带20进行焊接 的方法，具体包括：
在所述导电带20的背向所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的表面上依序放置所述第一封装胶膜30和所述背板层60，且在所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的电池正面上依序放置所述第二封装胶膜40和所述前板玻璃层50，利用层压设备对放置好的各个叠层进行层压，以形成一体化电池结构。
其中，在层压的过程中使所述第一电池片11和所述第二电池片12的电池背面的正负极细栅线与所述导电带20上的低温焊丝进行焊接。
综上所述，发明提供的无主栅IBC电池组件单元及其制作方法，通过利用导电带上的低温焊丝代替IBC电池片背面的主栅线，以实现IBC电池片之间的互联焊接以及电流汇集，从而可以去除常规IBC电池片中的主栅线，降低银浆的使用量，进而有利于降低IBC太阳能电池组件的生产制造成本。并且，通过在所述导电带上形成多条低温焊丝，还可以缩短电流的传输距离，降低电池片的串联电阻，进而有利于提高太阳能电池组件的效率；而且低温焊丝的数量越多，越有利于提高电池片的隐裂容忍度，从而越有利于提高太阳能电池组件的性能。此外，覆盖所述导电带的封装胶膜为由强化层和胶膜层两层结构构成的一体化胶膜，不仅可以对所述导电带起骨架支撑作用，还可以防止导电带上的低温焊丝发生偏移扭曲导致IBC电池片发生短路，并有利于使所述低温焊丝与IBC电池片的正负极细栅线之间实现良好的欧姆接触。
本发明提供的无主栅IBC电池组件的制作方法通过采用低温层压焊接的方式以将IBC电池片与所述导电带进行焊接固定，有利于缓解进行电池片之间的焊接互联的过程中由于高温和焊接应力不均导致的的电池片翘曲，从而有利于降低电池片的碎片率，提升组件良率，并且还有利于电池片的薄片化发展。
上述对本发明的特定实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在所附权利要求书的范围内。
在整个本说明书中使用的术语“示例性”、“示例”等意味着“用作示例、实例或例示”，并不意味着比其它实施例“优选”或“具有优势”。出于提供对所描述技术的理解的目的，具体实施方式包括具体细节。然而，可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实施这些技术。在一些实例中，为了避免对所描述的实施例的概念造成难以理解，公知的结构和装置以框图形式示出。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的实施例的可选实施方式，但是，本发明的实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的实施例的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的实施例的保护范围。
本说明书内容的上述描述被提供来使得本领域任何普通技术人员能够实现或者使用本说明书内容。对于本领域普通技术人员来说，对本说明书内容进行的各种修改是显而易见的，并且，也可以在不脱离本说明书内容的保护范围的情况下，将本文所定义的一般性原理应用于其它变型。因此，本说明书内容并不限于本文所描述的示例和设计，而是与符合本文公开的原理和新颖性特征的最广范围相一致。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元包括：
    第一电池片和第二电池片，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的背面均设有正极细栅线和负极细栅线，所述正极细栅线和所述负极细栅线在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置；
    导电带，所述导电带包括第一低温焊丝、第二低温焊丝和承载膜，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝形成于所述承载膜上，所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝在第二方向上互相平行且交替设置；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直；
    所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片通过层压的方式与所述导电带进行焊接；其中，所述第一低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元还包括第一封装胶膜，所述第一封装胶膜包括强化层以及层叠于所述强化层上的胶膜层，且所述第一封装胶膜覆盖所述导电带的背向所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于，所述导电带上还设置有第一裁断点和第二裁断点；所述第一裁断点与所述第一低温焊丝在所述第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点与所述第二低温焊丝在所述第一方向上间隔分布。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于，所述第一裁断点和所述第二裁断点在所述第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的正负极细栅线上均设有接触区和绝缘区；其中，所述接触区和所述绝缘区在所述第一方向上呈直线排布且间隔分布，且所述接触区和所述绝缘区在所述第二方向上交替分布；
    所述接触区设有锡膏焊点，所述绝缘区设有绝缘胶。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元，其特征在于， 所述第一低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的正极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的负极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与所述第一电池片的负极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与所述第二电池片的正极细栅线的接触区垂直焊接。
  7. 一种无主栅IBC电池组件，其特征在于，所述无主栅IBC电池组件包括权利要求1～6任一所述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元之间串联连接；其中，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片在所述第一方向上交替排布。
  8. 一种无主栅IBC电池组串，其特征在于，所述无主栅IBC电池组串包括权利要求1～6任一所述的多个无主栅IBC电池组件单元和汇流带，所述无主栅IBC电池组件单元通过所述汇流带进行并联连接。
  9. 一种无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括：
    在承载膜上形成互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝，以形成导电带；
    将第一电池片和第二电池片排布于所述导电带上，并进行热压以使所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片与所述导电带进行粘结固定；
    利用层压设备对所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片进行层压，以使所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片与所述导电带进行焊接；
    其中，所述第一电池片和所述第二电池片的背面均设有在第一方向上互相平行且交替设置正极细栅线和负极细栅线；所述第一低温焊丝的一端与第一电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第一低温焊丝的另一端与第二电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接；所述第二低温焊丝的一端与第一电池片的负极细栅线垂直焊接，所述第二低温焊丝的另一端与第二电池片的正极细栅线垂直焊接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无主栅IBC电池组件单元的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在承载膜上形成互相平行且交替设置的第一低温焊丝和第二低温焊丝，以形成导电带的方法包括：
    将多条低温焊丝通过定位轮等间距平行定位并依次交替置于所述承载膜上，并通过热压机构将所述低温焊丝与所述承载膜进行热压合，以使所述低温 焊丝和所述承载膜复合为一体；
    对所述低温焊丝进行裁断，分别形成第一裁断点和第二裁断点，从而形成所述第一低温焊丝和所述第二低温焊丝，获得所述导电带；
    其中，所述第一裁断点和所述第一低温焊丝在所述第一方向上间隔分布，所述第二裁断点和所述第二低温焊丝在所述第一方向上进行间隔分布，且所述第一裁断点和所述第二裁断点在第二方向上呈交替错位的方式排布；所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直。
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