WO2024004299A1 - ギヤ、ウォームギヤ及びロボット - Google Patents
ギヤ、ウォームギヤ及びロボット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024004299A1 WO2024004299A1 PCT/JP2023/012342 JP2023012342W WO2024004299A1 WO 2024004299 A1 WO2024004299 A1 WO 2024004299A1 JP 2023012342 W JP2023012342 W JP 2023012342W WO 2024004299 A1 WO2024004299 A1 WO 2024004299A1
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- gear
- worm
- pas resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/10—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
- B25J9/102—Gears specially adapted therefor, e.g. reduction gears
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/0009—Constructional details, e.g. manipulator supports, bases
- B25J9/0012—Constructional details, e.g. manipulator supports, bases making use of synthetic construction materials, e.g. plastics, composites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
- C08G75/0209—Polyarylenethioethers derived from monomers containing one aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/04—Polythioethers from mercapto compounds or metallic derivatives thereof
- C08G75/045—Polythioethers from mercapto compounds or metallic derivatives thereof from mercapto compounds and unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D181/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on polysulfones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D181/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J181/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on polysulfones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J181/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
- F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
- F16H1/16—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/22—Toothed members; Worms for transmissions with crossing shafts, especially worms, worm-gears
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
- F16H2055/065—Moulded gears, e.g. inserts therefor
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to gears, worm gears, and robots.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a resin gear containing a thermoplastic resin and cellulose nanofibers (hereinafter also referred to as CNF) having an average fiber diameter of 1000 nm or less.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a gear having a metal core tube and an annular resin part that is integrally provided on the outer circumferential part of the core tube and has a plurality of gear teeth formed on the outer circumferential surface. There is.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 do not provide a resin gear that satisfies durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature or high humidity conditions.
- the CNF itself aggregates, making it difficult to disperse in the thermoplastic resin, resulting in a problem that the mechanical strength or durability decreases.
- the gear teeth on the outer circumferential surface are formed by a resin material containing a reinforcing material made of soft fibers and a thermoplastic resin, but the compatibility between the reinforcing material and the thermoplastic resin is As a result, the adhesion between the reinforcing material and the thermoplastic resin is poor, and as a result, a gear with durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature or high humidity that is sufficient for practical use cannot be obtained. .
- the present disclosure provides a gear, a worm gear, and a robot, which have a low dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption, and have excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity, even if the gear is made of resin.
- the purpose is to
- the present inventors have conducted extensive studies on ways to solve the above problems. As a result, they discovered that the above problems can be solved by using a PAS resin composition containing a specific polyarylene sulfide resin (hereinafter referred to as PAS resin) as a main component, and have completed the present invention.
- PAS resin a specific polyarylene sulfide resin
- Ta the present disclosure is as follows.
- the present disclosure is a gear comprising a polyarylene sulfide resin having a first tooth portion formed on the outer periphery and having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s.
- [3] Further contains cellulose nanofibers as the constituent component, and the content of the cellulose nanofibers is less than 0.5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polyarylene sulfide resin and the cellulose nanofibers. , [1] or [2].
- a worm gear comprising the gear according to any one of [1] to [4] above, which is a worm wheel, and a worm having a second tooth portion that meshes with the first tooth portion of the gear.
- the worm is a worm gear whose constituent component is polyarylene sulfide resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s.
- a gear, a worm gear, and a robot which have a low rate of dimensional change due to heat and water absorption, and have excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity.
- a worm wheel, a worm gear, or a robot having good dimensional accuracy and excellent durability and positioning is provided.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a worm wheel as an example of a gear according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a worm as an example of a gear according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a worm gear according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a robot arm mechanism having the worm gear of FIG. 3;
- the gear of this embodiment has a first tooth portion formed on the outer periphery, and is a gear composed of a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s. Since the gear of this embodiment contains a PAS resin having predetermined characteristics, the gear has a low dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption, and has excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity.
- V6 melt viscosity
- PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more By using a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more, the strength of the PAS resin constituting the gear is increased, so that the durability of the entire gear can be improved.
- PAS resin with a melt viscosity (V6) of 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less it is possible to fill the PAS resin up to the tips of the teeth during injection molding, thereby improving the mold transferability of gears. A gear with a good appearance can be manufactured.
- "containing PAS resin as a constituent component” means that the material constituting the gear contains PAS resin.
- PAS resin as a material constituting the gear
- the material constituting the gear may be a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition containing PAS resin as a main component.
- PAS resin composition blended with PAS resin as a main component refers to containing 50% by mass or more of PAS resin with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the PAS resin composition. say.
- the gear of this embodiment contains a PAS resin and has a flat main body part and a first tooth part provided on the outer periphery (that is, on the outside in the radial direction) of the main body part. Therefore, the gear of this embodiment has a low rate of dimensional change due to heat and water absorption, and has excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity, so eccentricity or variation in tooth thickness is less likely to occur. It is thought that this can reduce rattling during use.
- a preferable aspect of the gear of this embodiment is a worm, a worm wheel, or a worm gear composed of a worm and a worm wheel having a tooth surface that meshes with the worm.
- gears make rolling contact
- worm gears make sliding contact
- the gear of this embodiment contains PAS resin, it has excellent quietness and heat resistance even if it is greaseless, and exhibits excellent performance in both rolling contact gears and worm gears.
- the gear of this embodiment has a low dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption, and has excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity. When a gear is used, it is thought to be effective by reducing eccentricity, variation in tooth thickness, and rattling during use.
- PAS resin The PAS resin of this embodiment has a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s, and has a structure in which an aromatic ring and a sulfur atom are bonded as repeating units. That is, the chemical structure of the PAS resin of this embodiment has a resin structure in which a repeating unit is a structure in which an aromatic ring and a sulfur atom are bonded.
- the PAS resin of the embodiment has the following general formula (1) (In the above general formula (1), R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group, an amino group, a phenyl group, a methoxy group, or an ethoxy group.
- the resin has a trifunctional structural moiety represented by the following as a repeating unit.
- the trifunctional structural moiety represented by the above general formula (2) is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 3 mol%, particularly 0.01 to 1 mol%, based on the total number of moles with other structural moieties. It is preferable that it is in the range of .
- the structural moiety represented by the general formula (1) is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of mechanical strength of the PAS resin.
- examples include a structural moiety that binds at the para position represented by the following general formula (3), and a structural moiety that binds at the meta position represented by the following general formula (4).
- the structural moiety represented by the above general formula (1) has a structure in which the bond of the sulfur atom to the aromatic ring in the repeating unit is bonded at the para position shown in the above general formula (3). This is preferable in terms of heat resistance and crystallinity of the PAS resin.
- the PAS resin has not only the structural parts represented by the general formulas (1) and (2), but also the structural parts represented by the following general formulas (5) to (8).
- the structural moiety represented by the above may be contained in an amount of 30 mol% or less of the total of the structural moieties represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (2).
- the content of the structural moieties represented by the above general formulas (5) to (8) is 10 mol % or less from the viewpoint of heat resistance and mechanical strength of the PAS resin.
- their bonding mode may be either a random copolymer or a block copolymer.
- the PAS resin of this embodiment may have a naphthyl sulfide bond or the like in its molecular structure, but it is preferably 3 mol% or less, particularly It is preferably 1 mol% or less.
- the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin of this embodiment is in the range of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more and 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the upper limit of the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin of this embodiment is preferably 2000 Pa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 700 Pa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 300 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the lower limit of the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin of this embodiment is preferably 70 Pa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 80 Pa ⁇ s or more, and still more preferably 90 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the above upper and lower limits can be combined arbitrarily.
- the durability of the entire gear can be improved and a gear with a good appearance can be manufactured.
- the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin is preferably 50 Pa ⁇ s or more and 300 Pa ⁇ or less.
- the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin is preferably 90 Pa ⁇ s or more and 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the PAS resin of this embodiment preferably has a carboxyl group in its molecule. Since the carboxyl group has reactivity with a coupling agent, when a coupling agent is further blended as a constituent component, the effect of improving gear durability can be exhibited by the combined use with the coupling agent.
- the content of carboxyl groups present in the molecular structure of the PAS resin of this embodiment is preferably 10 ⁇ mol or more and 200 ⁇ mol or less per 1 g of PAS resin, more preferably 20 ⁇ mol or more and 100 ⁇ mol or less per 1 g of PAS resin. More preferably, the amount of carboxyl groups contained in the PAS resin is 20 ⁇ mol or more and 50 ⁇ mol or less per 1 g of resin. Measured using an FT-IR device.
- the non-Newtonian index of the PAS resin of this embodiment is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.90 or more and 2.00 or less.
- the non-Newtonian index is preferably in the range of 0.90 or more, more preferably in the range of 0.95 or more, and preferably in the range of 1.50 or less, more preferably 1.20.
- the range is as follows.
- Such PAS resins have excellent mechanical properties, fluidity, and abrasion resistance.
- the non-Newtonian exponent (N value) is determined using a capillograph under the conditions of melting point +20°C, ratio of orifice length (L) to orifice diameter (D), and shear rate (SR ) and shear stress (SS) were measured and calculated using the following formula (II).
- SR shear rate (sec -1 )
- SS shear stress (dyne/cm 2 )
- K represents a constant.
- the peak molecular weight (hereinafter also referred to as M top ) of the PAS resin of the present embodiment is preferably in the range of 30,000 to 80,000, more preferably in the range of 32,000 to 72,000, and more preferably in the range of 35,000 to 46,000. It is even more preferable.
- the lower limit of M top of the PAS resin is preferably 30,000 or more, more preferably 32,000 or more, and even more preferably 35,000 or more.
- the upper limit of M top of the PAS resin is 80,000 or less, more preferably 72,000 or less, and still more preferably 46,000 or less. The above upper and lower limits can be combined arbitrarily.
- M w /M top of the PAS resin of this embodiment is preferably in the range of 0.80 to 1.70, more preferably in the range of 0.90 to 1.30.
- M w /M top indicates the weight average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography
- M top indicates the average molecular weight (peak molecular weight) at the point where the detection intensity of the chromatogram obtained by the same measurement is maximum. show.
- M w /M top indicates the molecular weight distribution of the measurement target; normally, when this value is close to 1, it indicates that the molecular weight distribution is narrow, and as this value increases, it indicates that the molecular weight distribution is wide.
- the method for measuring the peak molecular weight in this specification is based on a numerical value obtained as a polystyrene equivalent amount using polystyrene as a standard substance in gel permeation chromatography measurement. While the value of number average molecular weight or weight average molecular weight changes depending on how the baseline of the molecular weight distribution curve is taken in gel permeation chromatography, the value of peak molecular weight changes depending on how the baseline of the molecular weight distribution curve is taken. It is something that cannot be done.
- the method for producing the PAS resin of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more and 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less can be obtained.
- a method of polymerizing a dihalogeno aromatic compound by adding a polyhalogeno aromatic compound or other copolymerization components if necessary, (Production method 2) A method of polymerizing a dihalogeno aromatic compound in the presence of a sulfidating agent, etc. in a polar solvent.
- a method of melt polymerizing a diiodo aromatic compound and elemental sulfur while reducing pressure in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor that may have a functional group such as a carboxy group or an amino group, etc. can be mentioned.
- the method (manufacturing method 2) is preferred because it is versatile.
- an alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid, or an alkali hydroxide may be added to adjust the degree of polymerization.
- a hydrous sulfidating agent is introduced into a heated mixture containing an organic polar solvent and a dihalogeno aromatic compound at a rate that allows water to be removed from the reaction mixture, and the dihalogeno aromatic compound is The aromatic compound and the sulfidating agent are added and reacted with the polyhalogeno aromatic compound as necessary, and the amount of water in the reaction system is adjusted to 0.02 to 0.5 mol per mol of the organic polar solvent.
- a method for producing PAS resin by controlling the range of For example, a polyhalogeno aromatic compound or other copolymerization component is added, and an alkali metal hydrosulfide and an alkali metal salt of an organic acid are added in an amount of 0.01 to 0.9 mol per mol of the sulfur source. And what can be obtained by a method of reacting while controlling the amount of water in the reaction system within the range of 0.02 mol or less per 1 mol of aprotic polar organic solvent (see International Publication No. 2010/058713 pamphlet). Particularly preferred.
- dihalogeno aromatic compounds include p-dihalobenzene, m-dihalobenzene, o-dihalobenzene, 2,5-dihalotoluene, 1,4-dihalonaphthalene, 1-methoxy-2,5-dihalobenzene, 4, 4'-dihalobiphenyl, 3,5-dihalobenzoic acid, 2,4-dihalobenzoic acid, 2,5-dihalonitrobenzene, 2,4-dihalonitrobenzene, 2,4-dihaloanisole, p,p '-Dihalodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-dihalobenzophenone, 4,4'-dihalodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-dihalodiphenylsulfoxide, 4,4'-dihalodiphenylsulfide, and each of the above compounds
- polyhalogeno aromatic compounds include 1,2,3-trifluor
- the method for post-treatment of the reaction mixture containing the PAS resin obtained in the polymerization step is not particularly limited, but for example, (Post-treatment 1) After the polymerization reaction is completed, the reaction mixture is first treated as it is or treated with an acid or base. After adding, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure or normal pressure, and the solid after solvent distillation is mixed with water, reaction solvent (or organic solvent with equivalent solubility for low-molecular polymers), acetone, methyl ethyl ketone.
- a reaction solvent or After adding an organic solvent with an equivalent solubility to low molecular weight polymers and stirring, filter to remove low molecular weight polymers, and then add once or twice with a solvent such as water, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, alcohols, etc. A method of washing as above, followed by neutralization, washing with water, filtration, and drying.
- Post-processing 4 After the polymerization reaction is completed, water is added to the reaction mixture, washing with water, filtration, and if necessary, adding an acid during washing with water.
- the reaction mixture is filtered, and if necessary, the reaction mixture is washed once or twice or more with a reaction solvent, and further washed with water, filtered, and dried. etc.
- the PAS resin may be dried in a vacuum, in air or in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen. You can also do it with
- the gear of this embodiment may contain PAS resin as a PAS resin composition.
- PAS resin composition containing a PAS resin as a component of the gear of this embodiment, desired material properties can be easily imparted.
- the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin composition of this embodiment is preferably in the range of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more and 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the upper limit of the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin composition of this embodiment is preferably 2000 Pa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 700 Pa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 300 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the lower limit of the melt viscosity (V6) of the PAS resin of this embodiment is preferably 70 Pa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 80 Pa ⁇ s or more, and still more preferably 90 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the above upper and lower limits can be combined arbitrarily.
- a PAS resin composition having a strength of 50 Pa ⁇ s or more the strength of the gear is increased, so that the durability of the entire gear can be improved or burrs can be reduced during molding. Can be done.
- a PAS resin composition with a melt viscosity (V6) of 4000 Pa ⁇ s or less it is possible to fill the PAS resin composition up to the tooth tips during injection molding, which improves the mold transferability of gears.
- the PAS resin composition of the present embodiment preferably contains 50 to 100% by mass of PAS resin, and preferably 60 to 95% by mass of PAS resin, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the PAS resin composition. is more preferable, and it is even more preferable that the PAS resin is contained in an amount of 70 to 95% by mass.
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment can contain a filler as an optional component, if necessary.
- the filler known and commonly used materials can be used as long as they do not impair the effects of the present disclosure.For example, fillers in various shapes such as fibrous materials, non-fibrous materials such as granules or plates agents, etc.
- fibrous fillers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, silane glass fiber, ceramic fiber, aramid fiber, metal fiber, potassium titanate, silicon carbide, calcium silicate, wollastonite, natural fiber, etc.
- glass beads glass flakes, barium sulfate, clay, pyrophyllite, bentonite, sericite, mica, mica, talc, attapulgite, ferrite, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, glass beads, zeolite, milled fiber, calcium sulfate
- Non-fibrous fillers can also be used.
- the filler is not an essential component, and when blended, its content is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present disclosure.
- the blending amount of the filler is, for example, preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, preferably 600 parts by mass or less, more preferably 200 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the PAS resin. range. This range is preferable because the PAS resin composition exhibits good mechanical strength and moldability.
- the PAS resin composition or constituent components of this embodiment substantially do not contain cellulose nanofibers.
- “Substantially not containing cellulose nanofibers” means that when the PAS resin composition or constituent components contain cellulose nanofibers, the total amount of cellulose nanofibers is based on the total amount of PAS resin and cellulose nanofibers. It is preferred that the content is less than 0.5% by weight, more preferably less than 0.3% by weight. When the content of cellulose nanofibers is 0.5% by mass or more, the cellulose nanofibers are decomposed and carbonized or decomposed gas is generated during production of the PAS resin composition, resulting in a decrease in mechanical strength.
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment preferably contains a silane coupling agent.
- a silane coupling agent as a component constituting the gear, it has good moldability, especially mold release property, and further improves mechanical strength.
- the silane coupling agent that may be contained in the PAS resin composition of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present disclosure, but functional groups that react with carboxy groups, such as epoxy groups, isocyanato groups, and amino groups, may be used. Alternatively, a silane coupling agent having a hydroxyl group is preferred.
- silane coupling agents include epoxy groups such as ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, and ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane.
- alkoxysilane compounds Containing alkoxysilane compounds, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropylethyldimethoxysilane , ⁇ -isocyanatopropylethyldiethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltrichlorosilane and other isocyanato group-containing alkoxysilane compounds, ⁇ -(2-aminoethyl)aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -(2-aminoethyl)amino Examples include amino group-containing alkoxysilane compounds such as propyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -aminopropy
- the silane coupling agent is not an essential component, but when blended, the amount added is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present disclosure, but it is preferably based on 100 parts by mass of the PAS resin. ranges from 0.01 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, to preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or less. This range is preferable because the PAS resin composition has good moldability, particularly mold release properties, and the molded product exhibits excellent adhesion to the epoxy resin while further improving mechanical strength.
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment can contain a thermoplastic elastomer as an optional component, if necessary.
- the thermoplastic elastomer include polyolefin elastomers, fluorine elastomers, and silicone elastomers, and among these, polyolefin elastomers are preferred.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present disclosure, but it is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.1 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the PAS resin.
- the amount ranges from at least 10 parts by mass, preferably at most 10 parts by mass, and more preferably at most 5 parts by mass. This range is preferable because the impact resistance of the resulting PAS resin composition is improved.
- the polyolefin elastomer may be a homopolymer of ⁇ -olefin, a copolymer of two or more ⁇ -olefins, or a copolymer of one or more ⁇ -olefins and a vinyl polymerizable compound having a functional group.
- One example is merging.
- the ⁇ -olefin includes ⁇ -olefins having a carbon atom number ranging from 2 to 8, such as ethylene, propylene, and 1-butene.
- vinyl polymerizable compounds having the functional group examples include vinyl acetate; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth)acrylic acid; Alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids; metal salts of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids such as ionomers (metals include alkali metals such as sodium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, zinc, etc.); ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids such as ionomers; Glycidyl esters of ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid; derivatives of the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids (monoesters, diesters, acid anhydrides, etc.); ), etc., or two or more thereof.
- the above-mentioned thermoplastic elastomers may be used alone or in combination of two
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment may further contain polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polysulfone resin, as appropriate depending on the application.
- the synthetic resin is not an essential component, but if it is blended, the blending ratio is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present disclosure, and it varies depending on the purpose of the present disclosure, so it cannot be generalized.
- the proportion of the synthetic resin blended in the PAS resin composition according to the present embodiment is, for example, in the range of 5 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the PAS resin. The degree is mentioned.
- the ratio of PAS resin to the total of PAS resin and synthetic resin is preferably in the range of (100/115) or more, and more preferably in the range of (100/105) or more, based on mass. .
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment can also be used as a colorant, an antistatic agent, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, an ultraviolet stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a foaming agent, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, and a rust preventive agent.
- Known and commonly used additives such as agents and coupling agents may be included as optional components, if necessary. These additives are not essential components, and, for example, preferably in a range of 0.01 parts by mass or more, preferably in a range of 1000 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the PAS resin, so that the effects of the present disclosure are impaired. It may be used with appropriate adjustment according to the purpose or use so that it does not occur.
- a preferred form of the PAS resin composition that is a component of the gear of this embodiment contains a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s, a silane coupling agent, and a filler, , the total content of the silane coupling agent and the filler is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, and 70 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the PAS resin composition. It is more preferable that there be.
- V6 melt viscosity
- the dimensional change rate of the gear and/or the water absorption rate of the gear can be kept within a predetermined range (for example, the dimensional change rate due to temperature change is 0). 7% or less and/or the water absorption rate is 0.5% or more).
- the gear, worm gear, and robot of this embodiment have a lower rate of dimensional change due to heat and water absorption, and can have better durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity.
- the PAS resin has a carboxyl group in its molecule, and the content of the carboxyl group present in the molecular structure of the PAS resin is preferably 10 ⁇ mol or more and 200 ⁇ mol or less per 1 g of PAS resin. Since the carboxyl group has reactivity with a coupling agent, it can exhibit the effect of improving gear durability when used in combination with a coupling agent.
- the PAS resin composition of this embodiment is formed by blending the main component and other optional components as necessary.
- the method for producing the PAS resin composition used in the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but includes a method of blending the main component and optional components as necessary, and melt-kneading, more specifically, using a tumbler or Examples include a method of uniformly dry mixing using a Henschel mixer or the like, and then charging the mixture into a twin-screw extruder and melt-kneading it.
- Melt kneading is preferably carried out within a temperature range in which the resin temperature is equal to or higher than the melting point of the PAS resin, preferably in a temperature range in which the melting point is equal to or higher than the melting point +10 °C, more preferably at the melting point +10 °C or higher, still more preferably at the melting point +20 °C or higher. This can be carried out by heating to a temperature in the range of not more than the melting point +100°C, more preferably not more than the melting point +50°C.
- the melt-kneading machine is preferably a twin-screw kneading extruder from the viewpoint of dispersibility or productivity, for example, a discharge rate of the resin component in the range of 5 to 500 (kg/hr) and a screw rotation speed of 50 to 500 (rpm). It is preferable to melt and knead while appropriately adjusting the range, and melt and knead under conditions such that the ratio (discharge amount/screw rotation speed) is in the range of 0.02 to 5 (kg/hr/rpm). is even more preferable. Further, the addition and mixing of each component to the melt-kneading machine may be performed simultaneously or may be performed separately.
- the position of the side feeder is preferably such that the ratio of the distance from the extruder resin input part (top feeder) to the side feeder to the total screw length of the twin-screw kneading extruder is 0.1 or more, and 0. More preferably, it is .3 or more. Moreover, it is preferable that this ratio is 0.9 or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.7 or less.
- the PAS resin composition according to the present disclosure obtained by melt-kneading in this way is a melt mixture containing the above-mentioned main components, optional components added as necessary, and components derived from these components, and after the melt-kneading, known
- a molten PAS resin composition is extruded into a strand shape, processed into pellets, chips, granules, powder, etc., and then pre-dried at a temperature range of 100 to 150°C as necessary. It is preferable to perform
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a worm wheel 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the configuration of a worm wheel 1 according to an embodiment will be mainly described with reference to FIG. 1.
- the worm wheel 1 of this embodiment is a so-called spur gear. More specifically, the worm wheel 1 includes a first tooth portion 2 that projects outward in the radial direction, and a (substantially) disc-shaped main body portion on the outer periphery of which the first tooth portion 2 is formed.
- the grooves 3 formed between the first tooth portions 2 and the adjacent first tooth portions 2 are arranged periodically.
- the worm wheel 1 has a shape in which first teeth 2 are arranged at predetermined intervals on a (substantially) disc-shaped side surface. Further, a through hole 4 through which a shaft such as a camshaft is inserted is formed in the center of the main body. If necessary, a recess in which the flange of the camshaft is disposed may be formed on one surface of the main body at the outer periphery of the through hole 4. Additionally, if necessary, a recess is formed on the other surface of the main body at the outer periphery of the through hole 4, in which a mounting member (for example, a set screw mechanism) for attaching another gear to the camshaft is arranged. Good too.
- a mounting member for example, a set screw mechanism
- the worm wheel 1 has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably supported by a worm wheel base via a bearing, and can serve as an output side of the driving force of a worm gear 100, which will be described later.
- a preferred gear of the present embodiment is a worm wheel 1 having a first tooth portion 2 formed on its outer periphery and made of a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s. Since the worm wheel 1 contains a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition, it has a low dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption, and excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the worm wheel 1 is made of only a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition
- a part of the worm wheel 1 may be made of a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition.
- only the first tooth portion 2 may be made of PAS resin or a PAS resin composition
- the portion of the through hole 4 through which a shaft such as a camshaft is inserted may be made of a metal material.
- the metal material is not particularly limited, and may include one or more selected from iron, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy. Examples include metals containing
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the worm 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the configuration of the worm 10 according to one embodiment will be mainly described with reference to FIG. 2.
- the worm 10 of this embodiment is a (substantially) cylindrical gear having a tooth surface having a shape in which the groove 6 is continuously cut into a spiral shape. More specifically, the worm 10 includes a spiral second tooth portion 5 that projects outward in the radial direction, and a (substantially) cylindrical worm shaft 8 on which the second tooth portion 5 is formed on the outer periphery. has.
- the grooves 6 formed between the second tooth portions 5 and the adjacent second tooth portions 5 are arranged periodically.
- the worm 10 also includes a worm shaft 8, a spiral second tooth portion 5, and a fixing hole 7 through which a shaft or an insertion shaft (not shown) is inserted or fixed.
- the worm 10 can be rotatably mounted to a worm base with bearings. Therefore, if necessary, a bearing portion (not shown) may be provided at one end and/or the other end of the worm shaft 8 to be fixed to a bearing of a worm base that rotatably supports the worm 10.
- One shaft end of the worm 10 is connected to a rotating shaft of a motor (not shown) that is a power source, and can serve as an input side of the driving force of a worm gear 100, which will be described later.
- the fixing hole 7 may be a part connected to a rotating shaft of a motor (not shown) that is a power source.
- the second tooth portion 5 is formed coaxially with the worm shaft 8, and has a shape in which a cylindrical side surface having a diameter larger than that of the worm shaft 8 is continuously cut into a spiral shape, for example.
- the groove 6 and the second tooth portion 5 may have a shape that is continuously cut in a spiral shape that rotates in the opposite direction to that shown in FIG.
- a preferred gear of this embodiment is a worm 10 that has a second tooth portion 5 formed on its outer periphery and is composed of a PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s. Since the worm 10 contains a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition, it has a low dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption, and excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperature and high humidity. As a result, the meshing of the first teeth 2 and the second teeth 5 of the worm wheel 1 is effective, as is the reduction of rattling or noise caused by the combination with other parts such as the insertion shaft of the motor. It is thought that then. Further, although FIG.
- the worm 10 is made of only a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition
- a part of the worm 10 may be made of a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition.
- only the second tooth portion 5 may be made of PAS resin or a PAS resin composition
- the worm shaft 8 or the fixing hole 7 may be made of a metal material.
- the metal material is not particularly limited, and may include one or more selected from iron, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy. Examples include metals containing
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a worm gear 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the configuration of the worm gear 100 according to one embodiment will be mainly described with reference to FIG. 3.
- the worm gear 100 of this embodiment is a gear having a worm wheel 1 and a worm 10. Further, the worm gear 100 has a worm 10 having a tooth surface including a spiral second tooth portion 5 and a tooth surface having a first tooth portion 2 that meshes with the spiral second tooth portion 5.
- This is a rotational motion transmission mechanism composed of a worm wheel 1.
- the worm wheel 1 is rotatably supported around a rotation axis in a direction different from that of the worm 10, and has a tooth surface with a first tooth portion 2 on its outer periphery. Further, the worm 10 is rotatably supported around a rotation axis in a direction different from that of the worm wheel 1, and has a tooth surface on the outer periphery in which the second tooth portion 5 is spirally formed.
- the tooth portion 2 (first tooth portion 2) of the worm wheel 1 is meshed with the tooth portion 5 (second tooth portion 5) of the worm 10.
- a preferred gear of the present embodiment includes a worm wheel 1 having a first tooth portion 2 formed on the outer periphery and made of PAS resin having a melt viscosity (V6) of 50 to 4000 Pa ⁇ s, and a worm wheel 1 on the outer periphery.
- the dimensional change rate due to water absorption is preferably 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.15% or less, and even more preferably 0.1% or less.
- the water absorption phenomenon of resins is that water enters the amorphous parts of the resin and the polymer chains swell, so there is a proportional relationship between the amount of water retained between the polymer chains and the dimensional change. It is in. Therefore, if the dimensional change rate due to water absorption is 0.2% or less, even if the gear of this embodiment is used in a worm wheel, worm, etc., the teeth will not mesh with each other, and other parts such as the insertion shaft of the motor It shows superior dimensional accuracy under high humidity.
- the gear of this embodiment is composed of a PAS resin with low water absorption, the rate of dimensional change due to water absorption is low, and it can have excellent dimensional accuracy under high humidity.
- the tooth tip diameter is the number average value of the values obtained by measuring the tooth tip circle diameter of a gear at ten arbitrary locations. Additionally, the tooth tip circle diameter measures the diameter of a circle that connects the tips of the teeth.
- the tip circle diameter Ra is defined by the tip of the tooth portion 2 of a gear (for example, worm wheel 1), the center of the gear (for example, worm wheel 1), and the tip of the gear (for example, worm wheel 1).
- This refers to the length of the line connecting the tip of the toothed portion 2 of the wheel 1) and the tip of the other opposing toothed portion 2.
- the dimensional change rate (%) in this specification uses the length of the reference point in water absorption or temperature change (for example, before water absorption or temperature change) as the denominator, and from the reference point, the comparison due to water absorption or temperature change.
- the dimensional change rate (%) due to temperature change from 0° C. to 80° C. is the absolute value of the following formula (I).
- the dimensional change rate (%) due to temperature change from 0°C to 80°C is expressed by the following formula (I): (In the above formula (I), L 80 represents the diameter of the tip of the gear at 80°C, and L 0 represents the diameter of the tip of the gear at 0°C.), and the dimensional change rate is (%) is preferably 0.7% or less, more preferably 0.65% or less, and even more preferably 0.6% or less. If the dimensional change rate due to temperature change is 0.7% or less, even if the gear of this embodiment is used in a worm wheel, worm, etc., the teeth will not mesh with each other or with other members such as the insertion shaft of the motor.
- the gear of this embodiment has a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition with a low coefficient of linear thermal expansion as a constituent component, so it has a low rate of dimensional change due to heat, and has excellent durability and dimensional accuracy under high temperatures.
- the module is preferably within the range of 0.5 to 25 mm.
- the tooth thickness is preferably within the range of 0.8 mm to 40 mm.
- the gear of this embodiment is preferably formed by molding a PAS resin or a PAS resin composition. Furthermore, the method for manufacturing a gear according to the present embodiment includes a step of melt-molding the PAS resin composition. The details will be explained below.
- the PAS resin or PAS resin composition which is a component of the gear of this embodiment, can be molded into various forms such as injection molding, gas injection molding, compression molding, extrusion molding such as composites, sheets, and pipes, pultrusion molding, blow molding, and transfer molding. It is particularly suitable for injection molding because it has excellent mold releasability.
- various molding conditions are not particularly limited, and molding can be performed by a general method.
- the resin temperature is in a temperature range equal to or higher than the melting point of the PAS resin, preferably in a temperature range equal to or higher than the melting point +10°C, more preferably in a temperature range from melting point +10°C to melting point +100°C, even more preferably in a temperature range from melting point +20°C to
- the resin composition may be injected into a mold through the resin discharge port and molded.
- the mold temperature may also be set within a known temperature range, for example, room temperature (23°C) to 300°C, preferably 120 to 180°C.
- the worm gear 100 as described above can be used in any machine.
- the worm gear 100 can be applied to industrial robot arms, medical actuators, plumbing parts, automobile parts, and the like.
- an embodiment will be described in which the worm gear 100 is used in a robot, more specifically, a robot arm.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a robot arm mechanism 1000 having the worm gear 100 of FIG.
- the robot arm mechanism 1000 includes a first arm A1 that is connected to, for example, a robot body, and a second arm A2 that includes a portion that operates at the tip of the robot arm mechanism 1000.
- the robot arm mechanism 1000 includes a worm gear 100 at a joint J located between a first arm A1 and a second arm A2.
- the robot arm mechanism 1000 when the worm gear 100 operates, the second arm A2 having a length L moves in a circular motion about the joint J as a fulcrum.
- the robot arm mechanism 1000 drives the worm gear 100 based on the control signal, and moves the tip of the second arm A2 to a designated position.
- the worm gear 100 is used in a robot arm mechanism, but the use of the worm gear 100 is not limited to this. Worm gear 100 may be used in any other component in addition to or in place of a robot arm mechanism.
- the robot may have worm gears 100 in any component that requires gear drive.
- ⁇ Silane coupling agent Epoxysilane 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane "SH-6040" manufactured by Dow Corning Co., Ltd. Aminosilane N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane "KBM-603" manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- each sample obtained above was pressed into a disk shape using a press machine and measured using a microscopic FT-IR device. Then, among the obtained absorptions, the relative intensity of the absorption at 1705 cm -1 with respect to the absorption at 2666 cm -1 was determined. Separately, a predetermined amount of p-chlorophenylacetic acid was mixed into the PPS resin used in each example and comparative example, and the absorption curve obtained by the same operation had an absorption intensity of 1705 cm -1 relative to an absorption intensity of 2666 cm -1 . The numerical value obtained from the calibration curve obtained by plotting the relative intensity of was taken as the amount of carboxy groups contained in the PPS resin.
- the diameter of the tooth tip of the gear maintained in a constant temperature bath set at 0°C for 1 hour was measured at any 10 tooth locations within 30 seconds, and the number was determined.
- the average value was taken as the gear tip circle diameter (L0).
- the gear was kept in a thermostatic oven set at 80°C for 1 hour, and the diameter of the tooth tip of the gear immediately after being removed from the thermostatic oven was measured within 30 seconds at any 10 tooth locations.
- the average value of the numbers was taken as the tooth tip circle diameter (L80) of the gear.
- M w /M top ratio The weight average molecular weight (M w ) and peak molecular weight (M top ) of the PPS resin were measured using gel permeation chromatography under the following measurement conditions. The M w /M top ratio was calculated from the obtained M w and M top .
- Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 Each material was blended based on the composition components and blending amounts listed in Table 1. After that, these compounded materials were put into a vented twin-screw extruder "TEX-30 (product name)" manufactured by Japan Steel Works, Ltd., and the resin component discharge rate was 25 kg/hr, the screw rotation speed was 200 rpm, and the resin temperature was set at 330°C. Pellets of the PPS resin composition were obtained by melt-kneading.
- Each part of the worm and worm wheel in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 was manufactured using each of the pellet-shaped PPS resin compositions obtained above under the conditions of a cylinder temperature of 320°C and a mold temperature of 150°C. Obtained by injection molding below.
- the shape of each worm was 0.8 mm module, 1 thread, right-handed helix, and lead angle of 3.17°.
- the shape of each worm wheel was a helical gear with a module of 0.8, a pressure angle of 20°, a number of teeth of 38, and a lead angle of 3.17°.
- Various evaluations were performed on each part of the worm and worm wheel in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the worms and worm wheels obtained in the examples have a lower dimensional change rate due to heat and water absorption than the worms and worm wheels obtained in the comparative examples, so they have excellent durability and dimensions under high temperature and high humidity. It was confirmed that it has accuracy. Furthermore, for the worms and worm wheels obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 6, it was not possible to evaluate the dimensional change rate due to water absorption and the dimensional change rate due to temperature change due to poor molding and the like.
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Abstract
Description
[1]本開示は、外周に形成された第1の歯部を有し、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂を構成成分とするギヤである。
で表される0℃から80℃の温度変化による寸法変化率(%)が、0.7%以下である、上記[1]に記載のギヤ。
前記ウォームは、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂を構成成分とする、ウォームギヤ。
本開示によれば、ウォームホイール又はウォームギヤの寸法精度が良好であり、耐久性及び位置決めに優れたウォームホイール、ウォームギヤ又はロボットを提供する。
本実施形態のギヤは、外周に形成された第1の歯部を有し、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるPAS樹脂を構成成分とするギヤである。
本実施形態のギヤは、所定の特性を有するPAS樹脂を含有することにより、熱及び吸水による寸法変化率が低く、かつ高温及び高湿度下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度を有する。
溶融粘度(V6)が50Pa・s以上であるPAS樹脂を用いることにより、ギヤを構成するPAS樹脂の強度が高くなるため、ギヤ全体の耐久性を向上することができる。一方、溶融粘度(V6)が4000Pa・s以下であるPAS樹脂を用いることにより、射出成形時に歯先までPAS樹脂を充填させることができるため、ギヤの金型転写性を向上することができ、外観の良好なギヤを作製することができる。
ここでいう「PAS樹脂を構成成分とする」とは、ギヤを構成する材料が、PAS樹脂を含有することをいう。したがって、ギヤを構成する材料としてPAS樹脂を含有すればよく、当該ギヤを構成する材料は、PAS樹脂であっても、あるいはPAS樹脂を主成分として配合されたPAS樹脂組成物であってもよい。
なお、本明細書における「PAS樹脂を主成分として配合されたPAS樹脂組成物」とは、PAS樹脂組成物の総量(100質量%)に対して、50質量%以上PAS樹脂を含有することをいう。
本実施形態のギヤの好ましい態様としては、ウォーム、ウォームホイール、又はウォームと当該ウォームに噛み合う歯面を有するウォームホイールとから構成されるウォームギヤでありうる。
いわゆる一般的な、ギヤ(歯車)は、転がり接触をするのに対して、ウォームギヤは滑り接触となるため、静音性に優れるが熱を発生する難点がある。しかし、本実施形態のギヤは、PAS樹脂を含有することから、グリスレスであっても静音性及び耐熱性に優れ、転がり接触するギヤ及びウォームギヤの両方に優れた性能を発揮する。特に、本実施形態のギヤは、熱及び吸水による寸法変化率が低く、かつ高温及び高湿度下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度を有するため、ウォーム、ウォームホイール、又はウォームギヤとして本実施形態のギヤを用いる場合、偏芯又は歯厚のバラツキ、使用中のガタつきの軽減により効果を奏すると考えられる。
以下、本実施形態のギヤを構成するPAS樹脂、PAS樹脂の製造方法及びPAS樹脂組成物を説明した後、本実施形態の好適なギヤである、ウォーム、ウォームホイール及びウォームギヤ、並びにロボットについて図を用いて順に説明する。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂は、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであり、かつ芳香族環と硫黄原子とが結合した構造を繰り返し単位として有する樹脂である。すなわち、本実施形態のPAS樹脂の化学構造は、芳香族環と硫黄原子とが結合した構造を繰り返し単位とする樹脂構造を有する。実施形態のPAS樹脂は、具体的には、下記一般式(1)
溶融粘度(V6)が50Pa・s以上4000Pa・s以下の範囲のPAS樹脂を用いることにより、ギヤ全体の耐久性を向上させ、かつ外観の良好なギヤを作製することができる。また、成形したギヤの外観を重視する場合、PAS樹脂の溶融粘度(V6)は50Pa・s以上300Pa・以下が好ましい。一方、ギヤの耐久性を重視する場合、PAS樹脂の溶融粘度(V6)は90Pa・s以上4000Pa・s以下が好ましい。
本明細書における溶融粘度(V6)の測定は、PAS樹脂を島津製作所製フローテスター、CFT-500Dを用いて行い、300℃、荷重:1.96×106Pa、L/D=10(mm)/1(mm)にて、6分間保持した後に測定した溶融粘度の測定値とする。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂の分子構造中に存在するカルボキシル基の含有量は、PAS樹脂1gあたり10μmol以上200μmol以下であることが好ましく、PAS樹脂1gあたり20μmol以上100μmol以下であることがより好ましく、PAS樹脂1gあたり20μmol以上50μmol以下であることがさらに好ましい
本明細書において、PAS樹脂に含まれるカルボキシル基の量は、実施例の欄に記載した通り、前処理を行ったサンプルを作製した後、顕微FT-IR装置によって測定した。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂のピーク分子量(以下、Mtopとも称する。)は、30000~80000の範囲であることが好ましく、32000~72000の範囲であることがより好ましく、35000~46000の範囲であることがさらに好ましい。また、PAS樹脂のMtopの下限は、好ましくは30000以上、より好ましくは32000以上、さらに好ましくは35000以上である。一方、PAS樹脂のMtopの上限は、80000以下、より好ましくは72000以下、さらに好ましくは46000以下である。上記上限及び下限は任意に組み合わせすることができる。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂のMw/Mtopは、好ましくは0.80~1.70の範囲であり、より好ましくは0.90~1.30の範囲である。Mw/Mtopをこのような範囲とすることで、PAS樹脂の加工性を向上させることができ、良好なキャビティーバランスを付与することができる。本明細書において、Mwはゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーにより測定される重量平均分子量のことを示し、Mtopは同測定により得られるクロマトグラムの検出強度が最大となる点の平均分子量(ピーク分子量)を示す。Mw/Mtopは、測定対象の分子量の分布を示し、通常、この値が1に近いと分子量の分布が狭いことを示し、この値が大きくなるにつれて、分子量の分布が広いことを示す。
なお、本明細書におけるピーク分子量の測定法は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ測定において、標準物質としてポリスチレンを用いて、ポリスチレン換算量として求められる数値に基づくものである。数平均分子量又は重量平均分子量が、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーの分子量分布曲線のベースラインの取り方次第で値が変化するのに対し、ピーク分子量は、値が分子量分布曲線のベースラインの取り方に左右されないものである。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂の製造方法としては、溶融粘度(V6)は、50Pa・s以上4000Pa・s以下のPAS樹脂が得られる限り特に限定されないが、例えば(製造法1)硫黄と炭酸ソーダの存在下でジハロゲノ芳香族化合物を、必要ならばポリハロゲノ芳香族化合物ないしその他の共重合成分を加えて、重合させる方法、(製造法2)極性溶媒中でスルフィド化剤等の存在下にジハロゲノ芳香族化合物を、必要ならばポリハロゲノ芳香族化合物ないしその他の共重合成分を加えて、重合させる方法、(製造法3)p-クロルチオフェノールを、必要ならばその他の共重合成分を加えて、自己縮合させる方法、(製造法4)ジヨード芳香族化合物と単体硫黄とを、カルボキシ基やアミノ基等の官能基を有していてもよい重合禁止剤の存在下、減圧させながら溶融重合させる方法、等が挙げられる。これらの方法のなかでも、(製造法2)の方法が汎用的であり好ましい。反応の際に、重合度を調節するためにカルボン酸やスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩や、水酸化アルカリを添加しても良い。上記(製造法2)方法のなかでも、加熱した有機極性溶媒とジハロゲノ芳香族化合物とを含む混合物に含水スルフィド化剤を水が反応混合物から除去され得る速度で導入し、有機極性溶媒中でジハロゲノ芳香族化合物とスルフィド化剤とを、必要に応じてポリハロゲノ芳香族化合物と加え、反応させること、及び反応系内の水分量を該有機極性溶媒1モルに対して0.02~0.5モルの範囲にコントロールすることによりPAS樹脂を製造する方法(特開平07-228699号公報参照。)や、固形のアルカリ金属硫化物及び非プロトン性極性有機溶媒の存在下でジハロゲノ芳香族化合物と必要ならばポリハロゲノ芳香族化合物ないしその他の共重合成分を加え、アルカリ金属水硫化物及び有機酸アルカリ金属塩を、硫黄源1モルに対して0.01~0.9モルの範囲の有機酸アルカリ金属塩及び反応系内の水分量を非プロトン性極性有機溶媒1モルに対して0.02モル以下の範囲にコントロールしながら反応させる方法(国際公開第2010/058713号パンフレット参照。)で得られるものが特に好ましい。ジハロゲノ芳香族化合物の具体的な例としては、p-ジハロベンゼン、m-ジハロベンゼン、o-ジハロベンゼン、2,5-ジハロトルエン、1,4-ジハロナフタレン、1-メトキシ-2,5-ジハロベンゼン、4,4’-ジハロビフェニル、3,5-ジハロ安息香酸、2,4-ジハロ安息香酸、2,5-ジハロニトロベンゼン、2,4-ジハロニトロベンゼン、2,4-ジハロアニソール、p,p’-ジハロジフェニルエーテル、4,4’-ジハロベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジハロジフェニルスルホン、4,4’-ジハロジフェニルスルホキシド、4,4’-ジハロジフェニルスルフィド、及び、上記各化合物の芳香環に炭素原子数1~18の範囲のアルキル基を有する化合物が挙げられ、ポリハロゲノ芳香族化合物としては1,2,3-トリハロベンゼン、1,2,4-トリハロベンゼン、1,3,5-トリハロベンゼン、1,2,3,5-テトラハロベンゼン、1,2,4,5-テトラハロベンゼン、1,4,6-トリハロナフタレンなどが挙げられる。また、上記各化合物中に含まれるハロゲン原子は、塩素原子、臭素原子であることが望ましい。
本実施形態のギヤは、PAS樹脂組成物としてPAS樹脂を含有してもよい。本実施形態のギヤの構成成分としてPAS樹脂を含有するPAS樹脂組成物を使用することにより、所望の材料物性を付与しやすくなる。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂組成物の溶融粘度(V6)は、50Pa・s以上4000Pa・s以下の範囲であることが好ましい。本実施形態のPAS樹脂組成物の溶融粘度(V6)の上限は、好ましくは2000Pa・s以下、より好ましくは700Pa・s以下であり、さらに好ましくは300Pa・s以下である。また、本実施形態のPAS樹脂の溶融粘度(V6)の下限は、好ましくは70Pa・s以上、より好ましくは80Pa・s以上であり、さらに好ましくは90Pa・s以上である。上記上限及び下限は任意に組み合わせすることができる。
50Pa・s以上であるPAS樹脂組成物を用いることにより、ギヤの強度が高くなるため、ギヤ全体の耐久性を向上すること、あるいは成形時のバリを低減することができる。ができる。一方、溶融粘度(V6)が4000Pa・s以下であるPAS樹脂組成物を用いることにより、射出成形時に歯先までPAS樹脂組成物を充填させることができるため、ギヤの金型転写性を向上することができ、外観の良好なギヤを作製することができる。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂組成物は、PAS樹脂組成物の総量(100質量%)に対して、PAS樹脂を50~100質量%含有することが好ましく、PAS樹脂を60~95質量%含有することがより好ましく、PAS樹脂を70~95質量%含有することがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて、充填剤を任意成分として含有することができる。前記充填剤としては本開示の効果を損なうものでなければ公知慣用の材料を用いることもでき、例えば、繊維状のもの、粒状又は板状などの非繊維状のものなど、さまざまな形状の充填剤等が挙げられる。具体的には、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、シランガラス繊維、セラミック繊維、アラミド繊維、金属繊維、チタン酸カリウム、炭化珪素、珪酸カルシウム、ワラストナイト等の繊維、天然繊維等の繊維状充填剤が使用でき、またガラスビーズ、ガラスフレーク、硫酸バリウム、クレー、パイロフィライト、ベントナイト、セリサイト、マイカ、雲母、タルク、アタパルジャイト、フェライト、珪酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、ガラスビーズ、ゼオライト、ミルドファイバー、硫酸カルシウム等の非繊維状充填剤も使用できる。
本実施形態のPAS樹脂組成物に含有されうるシランカップリング剤としては、本開示の効果を損ねなければ特に限定されないが、カルボキシ基と反応する官能基、例えば、エポキシ基、イソシアナト基、アミノ基又は水酸基を有するシランカップリング剤が好ましいものとして挙げられる。このようなシランカップリング剤としては、例えば、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、β-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン等のエポキシ基含有アルコキシシラン化合物、γ-イソシアナトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルエチルジメトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルエチルジエトキシシラン、γ-イソシアナトプロピルトリクロロシラン等のイソシアナト基含有アルコキシシラン化合物、γ-(2-アミノエチル)アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ-(2-アミノエチル)アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のアミノ基含有アルコキシシラン化合物、γ-ヒドロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-ヒドロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン等の水酸基含有アルコキシシラン化合物が挙げられる。本開示においてシランカップリング剤は必須成分ではないが、配合する場合、その配合量は、本開示の効果を損ねなければその添加量は特に限定されないが、PAS樹脂100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.01質量部以上、より好ましくは0.1質量部以上から、好ましくは10質量部以下、より好ましくは5質量部以下までの範囲である。かかる範囲において、PAS樹脂組成物が良好な成形性、特に離形性を有し、かつ成形品がエポキシ樹脂と優れた接着性を呈しつつ、さらに機械的強度が向上するため好ましい。
本実施形態のギヤの構成成分であるPAS樹脂組成物の好ましい形態は、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるPAS樹脂、シランカップリング剤及び充填剤を含有し、前記PAS樹脂と、前記シランカップリング剤と、前記充填剤との合計含有量が、PAS樹脂組成物の総量(100質量%)に対して、50~100質量%であることが好ましく、70~100質量%であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態のギヤの構成成分として上記組成のPAS樹脂組成物を使用することにより、ギヤの寸法変化率及び/又はギヤの吸水率を所定の範囲内(例えば、温度変化による寸法変化率が0.7%以下、及び/又は吸水率が0.5%以上)に制御しやすくなる。
これにより、本実施形態のギヤ、ウォームギヤ及びロボットは、熱及び吸水による寸法変化率がより低く、かつ高温及び高湿度下でのより優れた耐久性及び寸法精度を有しうる。また、前記PAS樹脂はその分子内にカルボキシル基を有し、かつ前記PAS樹脂の分子構造中に存在するカルボキシル基の含有量は、PAS樹脂1gあたり10μmol以上200μmol以下であることが好ましい。
当該カルボキシル基はカップリング剤との反応性を有するため、カップリング剤との併用によってギヤ耐久性の向上効果を発揮しうる。
本実施形態のギヤの好ましい態様である、ウォームホイール、ウォーム及びウォームギヤについて、添付図面を参照しながら本開示のギヤの一実施形態について主に説明する。
図1は、本開示の一実施形態に係るウォームホイール1の構成を示す模式図である。図1を参照しながら、一実施形態に係るウォームホイール1の構成について主に説明する。
本実施形態のウォームホイール1は、いわゆるスパーギヤ(平歯車)である。より詳細には、ウォームホイール1は、径方向の外方に突出する第1の歯部2と、第1の歯部2が外周に形成された(略)円盤形状の本体部とを有する。そして、第1の歯部2及び隣接する第1の歯部2との間に形成された溝3は、周期的に配置されている。
換言するとウォームホイール1は、(略)円盤状の側面に第1の歯部2を所定間隔で並べた形状を有する。また当該本体部の中心部に、カムシャフト等の軸体が挿通される貫通孔4が形成されている。必要により、本体部の一方の面には、カムシャフトのフランジが配置される凹部が貫通孔4の外周部に形成されていてもよい。また、必要により、本体部の他方の面には、貫通孔4の外周部に、カムシャフトに他のギヤ等を取り付ける取付部材(例えば、止めねじ機構)が配置される凹部が形成されていてもよい。
また、ウォームホイール1は、回転軸を有し、かつ前記回転軸がベアリングを介してウォームホイールベースに回転可能な状態で支持され、後述のウォームギヤ100の駆動力の出力側となりうる。
本実施形態の好適なギヤは、外周に形成された第1の歯部2を有し、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるPAS樹脂を構成成分とするウォームホイール1である。
ウォームホイール1はPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物を含有するため、熱及び吸水による低寸法変化率と、高温及び高湿度下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度とを有する。これにより、ウォーム10の第2の歯部5と第1の歯部2との噛み合わせや他の部材との組み合わせによるガタつき又は騒音の軽減等により効果を奏すると考えられる。
また、図1では、ウォームホイール1をPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物のみから構成された例を示しているが、ウォームホイール1の一部をPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物から構成してもよい。例えば、第1の歯部2だけをPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物で構成してもよく、あるいはカムシャフト等の軸体が挿通される貫通孔4の部分を金属材料で構成してもよい。当該金属材料としては、特に制限されることはなく、鉄、鉄鋼材、ステンレス、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金、銅、銅合金、チタン及びチタン合金から選択される一種又は二種以上を含む金属が挙げられる。
図2は、本開示の一実施形態に係るウォーム10の構成を示す模式図である。図2を参照しながら、一実施形態に係るウォーム10の構成について主に説明する。
本実施形態のウォーム10は、連続的に溝6を螺旋状に切り込んだ形状を有する歯面を備えた(略)円柱状ギヤである。より詳細には、ウォーム10は、径方向の外方に突出する螺旋状の第2の歯部5と、第2の歯部5が外周に形成された(略)円柱状のウォームシャフト8とを有する。そして、第2の歯部5及び隣接する第2の歯部5との間に形成された溝6は、周期的に配置されている。また、ウォーム10は、ウォームシャフト8と、螺旋状の第2の歯部5と、シャフト又は挿通軸(図示せず)を挿通又は固定する固定穴7とを有する。ウォーム10は、ベアリングを備えたウォームベースに対して回転可能に取付けられうる。そのため、必要により、ウォームシャフト8の一端側及び/又は他端側に、ウォーム10を回転可能に支持するウォームベースのベアリングに固定するベアリング部(図示せず)を設けてもよい。
ウォーム10の一方の軸端は、動力源であるモーター(図示せず)の回転軸に連結されて、後述のウォームギヤ100の駆動力の入力側となりうる。そのため、固定穴7は、動力源であるモーター(図示せず)の回転軸に連結する部位でありうる。
第2の歯部5は、ウォームシャフト8と同軸的に形成され、例えばウォームシャフト8より直径が大きい円柱状の側面に対して、連続的に螺旋状に切り込んだ形状である。なお、溝6及び第2の歯部5は、図2とは逆の方向に回転する螺旋状に連続的に切り込んだ形状であってもよい。
ウォーム10はPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物を含有するため、熱及び吸水による低寸法変化率と、高温及び高湿度下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度とを有する。これにより、ウォームホイール1の第1の歯部2と第2の歯部5との噛み合わせ、モーターが有する挿通軸などの他の部材との組み合わせによるガタつき又は騒音の軽減等により効果を奏すると考えられる。
また、図2では、ウォーム10をPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物のみから構成された例を示しているが、ウォーム10の一部をPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物から構成してもよい。例えば、第2の歯部5だけをPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物で構成してもよく、あるいはウォームシャフト8又は固定穴7の部分を金属材料で構成してもよい。当該金属材料としては、特に制限されることはなく、鉄、鉄鋼材、ステンレス、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金、銅、銅合金、チタン及びチタン合金から選択される一種又は二種以上を含む金属が挙げられる。
図3は、本開示の一実施形態に係るウォームギヤ100の構成を示す模式図である。図3を参照しながら、一実施形態に係るウォームギヤ100の構成について主に説明する。
本実施形態のウォームギヤ100は、ウォームホイール1及びウォーム10を有するギヤである。また、ウォームギヤ100は、螺旋状の第2の歯部5を備えた歯面を有するウォーム10と、螺旋状の第2の歯部5に噛み合う第1の歯部2を備えた歯面を有するウォームホイール1とから構成される回転運動の伝達機構である。
ウォームホイール1は、ウォーム10とは方向が異なる回転軸を中心に回転可能に支持され、かつ第1の歯部2を備えた歯面を外周に有する。また、ウォーム10は、ウォームホイール1とは方向が異なる回転軸を中心に回転可能に支持され、かつ第2の歯部5が螺旋状に形成された歯面を外周に有する。そして、ウォームホイール1の歯部2(第1の歯部2)が、ウォーム10の歯部5(第2の歯部5)に噛み合わされている。
ウォーム10が矢印θ1方向に回転することにより、ウォーム10の第2の歯部5が矢印X1方向に向けて移動すると、ウォームホイール1が矢印φ1で示す方向に回転駆動される。また逆に、ウォームホイール1が矢印φ1の方向に回転駆動すると、ウォーム10の歯部5が矢印X1方向に向けて移動してウォーム10が矢印θ1方向に回転駆動する。
一方、ウォーム10が矢印θ2方向に回転して、ウォーム10の歯部5が矢印X2方向に向けて移動すると、ウォームホイール1は矢印φ2で示す方向に回転駆動される。また逆に、ウォームホイール1が矢印φ2で示す方向に回転すると、ウォーム10の歯部5が矢印X2方向に移動して、ウォーム10が矢印θ2方向に回転駆動する。
ウォームギヤ100を構成するウォームホイール1及びウォーム10はPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物を含有するため、熱及び吸水による低寸法変化率と、高温及び高湿度下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度とを有する。
これにより、ウォームホイール1及びウォーム10が互いに最適な噛み合わせとなり、モーターが有する挿通軸などの他の部材との組み合わせによるガタつき又は騒音の軽減等により効果を奏すると考えられる。
本実施形態のギヤにおいて、吸水による寸法変化率は、0.2%以下にあることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.15%以下、さらに好ましくは0.1%以下である。
一般的に樹脂の吸水現象は、樹脂の非晶部当に水が浸入し、高分子鎖が膨潤するものであるため、高分子鎖間に保持される水の量と寸法変化とは比例関係にある。そのため、吸水による寸法変化率が0.2%以下であると、本実施形態のギヤをウォームホイール、ウォーム等に使用しても歯部同士の噛み合わせやモーターが有する挿通軸などの他の部材との組み合わせに影響が生じにくく、高湿度下でのより優れた寸法精度を示す。すなわち、本実施形態のギヤは、吸水性が低いPAS樹脂を構成成分としているため、吸水による寸法変化率が低く、かつ高湿度下での優れた寸法精度を有しうる。
上記吸水による寸法変化率の測定方法は、後述の実施例の欄に記載の通り、本実施形態のギヤを水に浸漬した前後における当該ギヤの歯先円直径の変化率(%)=|{(h1-h0)/h0}|×100を吸水による寸法変化率とした。
本明細書における「歯先円直径」とは、ギヤの歯先円直径を任意に10箇所測定した値の数平均値である。また、歯先円直径は、歯部の先端を連ねる円の直径を測定している。例えば、図1に示す通り、歯先円直径Raは、ギヤ(例えば、ウォームホイール1)の歯部2の先端と、ギヤ(例えば、ウォームホイール1)の中心部と、前記ギヤ(例えば、ウォームホイール1)の歯部2の先端と対向する他の歯部2の先端と、を結ぶ線の長さをいう。また、本明細書における寸法変化率(%)は、吸水又は温度変化における基準時点(例えば、吸水前あるいは温度変化前)の長さを分母とし、前記基準時点から、吸水又は温度変化に伴う比較時点までの長さの変化前後の増減分を分子とした比率をいい、絶対値である。したがって、厳密には、0℃から80℃の温度変化による寸法変化率(%)とは、下記式(I)の絶対値である。
温度変化による寸法変化率が0.7%以下であると、本実施形態のギヤをウォームホイール、ウォーム等に使用しても歯部同士の噛み合わせやモーターが有する挿通軸などの他の部材との組み合わせに影響が生じにくく、高温下でのより優れた耐久性及び寸法精度を示す。すなわち、本実施形態のギヤは、線熱膨張係数が低いPAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物を構成成分としているため、熱による寸法変化率が低く、かつ高温下での優れた耐久性及び寸法精度を有しうる。
本実施形態のギヤにおいて、歯厚は、0.8mm~40mmの範囲内にあることが好ましい。
本実施形態のギヤにおいて、ピッチ円直径は、1.5mm~3200mmの範囲内にあることが好ましい。
なお、モジュールと歯厚とは、1.6×モジュール=歯厚(mm)という関係式によって互いに関連付けられる。また、モジュールとは、[基底円直径(単位はミリメートル)]÷(歯数)で表される。
本実施形態のギヤは、PAS樹脂又はPAS樹脂組成物を成形してなることが好ましい。また、本実施形態のギヤの製造方法は、前記PAS樹脂組成物を溶融成形する工程を有する。以下、詳述する。
ロボット用アーム機構1000は、ウォームギヤ100に加えて、例えばロボット本体などに接続される第1アームA1と、ロボット用アーム機構1000の先端で稼働する部分を含む第2アームA2と、を有する。ロボット用アーム機構1000は、第1アームA1と第2アームA2と間に位置する関節部Jにウォームギヤ100を有する。
<PAS樹脂>
ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂(以下、PPS樹脂と称する。)、溶融粘度30Pa・s、カルボキシ基30μmol/g
PPS樹脂、溶融粘度50Pa・s、カルボキシ基30μmol/g
PPS樹脂、溶融粘度300Pa・s、カルボキシ基30μmol/g
PPS樹脂、溶融粘度4000Pa・s、カルボキシ基30μmol/g
PPS樹脂、溶融粘度7000Pa・s、カルボキシ基30μmol/g
エポキシシラン 3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン ダウ・コーニング株式会社製「SH-6040」
アミノシラン N-2-(アミノエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン 信越化学工業株式会社製「KBM-603」
POM(ポリアセタール樹脂) ポリプラスチックス株式会社製「M90-44」
PA6(ポリアミド樹脂) 東レ株式会社製「CM1017」
(1)カルボキシル基の定量
実施例、比較例で得たPPS樹脂中のカルボキシル基の定量は、以下の手順で測定した。
前処理として、各実施例、比較例で使用したPPS樹脂をジメチルイミダゾリジノン(DMI)中で不活性雰囲気下、210℃で一旦溶解した後、冷却して再度PPS樹脂を析出させた。次いで、得られたスラリーをイオン交換水で何度もよく洗浄、ろ過した後、一旦塩酸でpH2.5以下に調整し、再度イオン交換水で何度も洗浄を繰り返した。そして得られたケーキを熱風乾燥機中、120℃の条件下において乾燥した。乾燥後の固形物をサンプルとした。
次に、上記で得られた各サンプルをプレス機でディスク状にプレスし、顕微FT-IR装置で測定を行った。そして、得られた吸収のうち2666cm-1の吸収に対する1705cm-1の吸収の相対強度を求めた。そして、別途、p-クロロフェニル酢酸を各実施例、比較例で使用したPPS樹脂中に所定量混合し、同様な操作によって得られた吸収曲線における2666cm-1の吸収強度に対する1705cm-1の吸収強度の相対強度のプロットにより得られた検量線より得られた数値を、該PPS樹脂中に含まれるカルボキシ基量とした。
(2-1)ギヤの吸水による寸法変化率の測定
実施例及び比較例で作製した各ウォームホイール及び各ウォームのギヤを50℃24時間乾燥させた後、デシケータ内で室温(23℃)に戻して乾燥後のギヤの歯先円直径を任意の10箇所の歯部において測定して、その数平均値を乾燥後のギヤの歯先円直径(h0)とした。その後、室温(20~28℃)の蒸留水に80日間浸漬し、浸漬後のギヤの歯先円直径を任意の10箇所測定して、その数平均値を浸漬後のギヤの歯先円直径(h1)とした。そして、浸漬前後の歯先円直径の変化率(%)=|{(h1-h0)/h0}|×100を吸水による寸法変化率とした。
(2-2)ギヤの温度変化による寸法変化率の測定
実施例及び比較例で作製した各ウォームホイール及び各ウォームのギヤにおける0℃から80℃の温度変化による寸法変化率(%)は、下記式(I):
前記ギヤを50℃24時間乾燥させた後、0℃に設定した恒温槽内で1間維持したギヤの歯先円直径を30秒以内に任意の10箇所の歯部において測定して、その数平均値をギヤの歯先円直径(L0)とした。その後、ギヤを80℃に設定した恒温槽内で1時間維持した後、恒温槽から取り出した直後のギヤの歯先円直径を30秒以内に任意の10箇所の歯部において測定して、その数の平均値をギヤの歯先円直径(L80)とした。
得られたペレットをシリンダー温度320℃に設定した住友重機製射出成形機(SE-75D-HP)に供給し、150℃に温調した金型を用いて射出成形を行い、ギヤを得た。得られたギヤの外観を目視により観察し、表面に光沢があり歯先まで樹脂が充填されているものを良好とし、表面に光沢がなく歯先まで樹脂が充填されていないものを不良とした。また、射出成形中にガスが多量に発生して成形が困難なものを成形不可とし、ギヤの歯先にバリが発生したものをバリ大とした。
PPS樹脂の重量平均分子量(Mw)及びピーク分子量(Mtop)を、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーを用いて、下記の測定条件により測定した。得られたMw及びMtopからMw/Mtop比を算出した。6種類の単分散ポリスチレンを校正に用いた。
装置:超高温ポリマー分子量分布測定装置(株式会社センシュー科学製「SSC-7000」)
カラム:UT-805L(昭和電工株式会社製)
カラム温度:210℃
溶媒:1-クロロナフタレン
測定方法:UV検出器(360nm)
PPS樹脂を島津製作所製フローテスター、CFT-500Cを用い、300℃、荷重:1.96×106Pa、L/D=10/1にて、6分間保持した後に溶融粘度を測定した。
表1に記載する組成成分及び配合量に基づいて、各材料を配合した。その後、株式会社日本製鋼所製ベント付2軸押出機「TEX-30(製品名)」にこれら配合材料を投入し、樹脂成分吐出量25kg/hr、スクリュー回転数200rpm、設定樹脂温度330℃で溶融混練してPPS樹脂組成物のペレットを得た。
実施例1~10及び比較例1~10におけるウォーム及びウォームホイールの各部品は、上記で得られたペレット状の各PPS樹脂組成物を用いて、シリンダー温度320℃、金型温度150℃の条件下における射出成形により得られた。各ウォームの形状は、モジュール0.8mm、1条、右ねじれ、進み角3.17°であった。また、いずれのウォームホイールの形状もモジュール0.8、圧力角20°、歯数38、進み角3.17°のヘリカルギヤとした。
実施例1~10及び比較例1~10におけるウォーム及びウォームホイールの各部品について、種々の評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
また、比較例1~6で得られたウォーム及びウォームホイールは、成形不良等により、吸水による寸法変化率及び温度変化による寸法変化率の評価ができなかった。
尚、本出願は、2022年7月1日に出願した日本国特許出願2022-107384号の利益及び優先権を主張し、前記出願の全内容を参照により本明細書に援用するものとする。
1 ウォームホイール
2 第1の歯部
3 溝
4 貫通孔
5 第2の歯部
6 溝
7 固定穴
8 ウォームシャフト
10 ウォーム
100 ウォームギヤ
Ra 歯先円直径
A1 第1アーム
A2 第2アーム
J 関節部
L 長さ
Δθ 角度誤差量
Claims (7)
- 外周に形成された第1の歯部を有し、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂を構成成分とする、ギヤ。
- セルロースナノファイバーを前記構成成分としてさらに含有し、かつ前記セルロースナノファイバーの含有量は、前記ポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂と前記セルロースナノファイバーとの合計総量に対して0.5質量%未満である、請求項1又は2に記載のギヤ。
- シランカップリング剤を前記構成成分としてさらに含有する、請求項1又は2に記載のギヤ。
- ウォームホイールである請求項1又は2に記載のギヤと、前記ギヤの前記第1の歯部と噛合う第2の歯部を有するウォームと、を有するウォームギヤであって、
前記ウォームは、溶融粘度(V6)が50~4000Pa・sであるポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂を構成成分とする、ウォームギヤ。 - 請求項5に記載のウォームギヤを有するロボット用ギヤシステム。
- 請求項6に記載のロボット用ギヤシステムを有するロボット。
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| JP2024502574A JP7598081B2 (ja) | 2022-07-01 | 2023-03-27 | ギヤ、ウォームギヤ及びロボット |
| EP23830753.2A EP4549782A1 (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2023-03-27 | Gear, worm gear, and robot |
| US18/873,730 US20250367820A1 (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2023-03-27 | Gear, worm gear, and robot |
| CN202380038281.7A CN119173705A (zh) | 2022-07-01 | 2023-03-27 | 齿轮、蜗杆式齿轮及机器人 |
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| JP2022107384A (ja) | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-21 | 三星電子株式会社 | アイススケート靴の洗浄が可能なドラム式洗濯機、ドラム式洗濯機を用いたアイススケート靴の洗浄方法、および、ドラム式洗濯機向けのアダプタ |
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- 2023-03-27 JP JP2024502574A patent/JP7598081B2/ja active Active
- 2023-03-27 EP EP23830753.2A patent/EP4549782A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-27 US US18/873,730 patent/US20250367820A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-27 CN CN202380038281.7A patent/CN119173705A/zh active Pending
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| JPH0788866A (ja) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-04-04 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | フェノール樹脂製歯車の製造法 |
| JPH07228699A (ja) | 1993-12-22 | 1995-08-29 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | ポリアリーレンスルフィドポリマーの製造方法 |
| JP2008020011A (ja) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-31 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 耐熱性樹脂歯車 |
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| JP2014136787A (ja) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-28 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | ポリアセタール樹脂成形体及び精密機構部品 |
| WO2015159712A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | ギア |
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| JP2017128210A (ja) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社ショーワ | 操舵装置用ギヤ、及び操舵装置 |
| JP2020108959A (ja) | 2018-04-23 | 2020-07-16 | 旭化成株式会社 | セルロース含有ギヤ |
| JP2020108958A (ja) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-07-16 | 旭化成株式会社 | セルロース含有ギヤ |
| JP2022107384A (ja) | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-21 | 三星電子株式会社 | アイススケート靴の洗浄が可能なドラム式洗濯機、ドラム式洗濯機を用いたアイススケート靴の洗浄方法、および、ドラム式洗濯機向けのアダプタ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119173705A (zh) | 2024-12-20 |
| JPWO2024004299A1 (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
| TW202415511A (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
| JP7598081B2 (ja) | 2024-12-11 |
| US20250367820A1 (en) | 2025-12-04 |
| EP4549782A1 (en) | 2025-05-07 |
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