WO2024096111A1 - 複合電解質、電池用電解質及び電池 - Google Patents
複合電解質、電池用電解質及び電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/10—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances sulfides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to composite electrolytes, electrolytes for batteries, and batteries.
- Lithium-ion batteries are used in a variety of applications due to their high operating voltage and energy density (Patent Document 1). Recently, issues regarding the safety of existing electrolytes have been attracting attention, and solid electrolytes have been attracting attention as new electrolyte materials due to their excellent safety and lithium ion conductivity.
- the solid electrolyte has a problem that the contact area of the interface is easily small due to poor adhesion with the electrode, and the interface resistance is large.
- the oxide - based solid electrolyte Li6.6La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12 ( LLZT ) has high lithium ion conductivity and is expected to be an electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries, but the high ion conductivity is not fully utilized in conventional batteries due to the large interface resistance.
- the grain boundary resistance of the crystal grain boundaries inside the solid electrolyte is also large, and these problems need to be overcome.
- the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a composite electrolyte that can reduce interfacial resistance, as well as a battery electrolyte and a battery that contain the composite electrolyte.
- a composite electrolyte comprising an inorganic solid electrolyte and a plastic ionic crystal containing an alkali metal ion.
- the composite electrolyte according to [1] wherein the anions contained in the plastic ionic crystals include an anion having a —SO 2 — group.
- the Raman shift of a peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion interacting with the organic cation measured for the composite electrolyte is at a higher wave number than the Raman shift of a peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion measured for a plastic ion crystal that is a salt of the organic cation and the anion contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the Raman shift of a peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion interacting with the alkali metal ion measured for the composite electrolyte is higher in wave number than the Raman shift of a peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion measured for a salt of the alkali metal ion and the anion contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte includes an acid-treated oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte, The composite electrolyte according to [8] or [9], wherein in X-ray diffraction charts obtained by measurement using CuK ⁇ radiation at 25° C.
- the half-width of at least one diffraction peak within a range of 20° or less in 2 ⁇ observed for the acid-treated oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte is 0.8 times or less the half-width of a diffraction peak derived from the same crystal plane as the diffraction peak observed for the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte before the acid treatment.
- a battery electrolyte comprising the composite electrolyte according to any one of [1] to [11].
- a battery comprising the battery electrolyte according to [12].
- the present disclosure provides a composite electrolyte capable of reducing interface resistance, as well as a battery electrolyte and a battery that include the composite electrolyte.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the Nyquist plots of each sample measured in each measuring cell (A).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing Nyquist plots measured with each measuring cell (B).
- FIG. 3 shows the Raman spectrum of each sample.
- FIG. 4 shows the Raman spectrum of each sample.
- FIG. 5 shows the Raman spectrum of each sample.
- FIG. 6 is a diffraction chart showing the results of a powder X-ray diffraction test of LLZT.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of LSV measurement for cell 1.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of LSV measurement for cell 2.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of LSV measurement for cell 3.
- FIG. 10 shows the results of cycle testing on a cell using the composite electrolyte of Example 2B as the electrolyte.
- FIG. 11 shows the results of cycle testing on a cell using the electrolyte of Example 1A.
- the composite electrolyte of this embodiment includes an inorganic solid electrolyte and a plastic ionic crystal containing alkali metal ions.
- a plastic crystal is a crystal in which the chemical species that make up the crystal are arranged in an orderly periodic pattern, and although the chemical species are crystalline, they are often in turbulent motion at certain positions within the lattice, and their orientation is thought to be disordered. Therefore, they tend to have softer properties than ionic crystals.
- plastic crystals those in which the main component of the chemical species that make up the crystal is an ionic species are called plastic ionic crystals.
- the plastic ion crystals contained in the composite electrolyte of the present embodiment include alkali metal ions and anions.
- the alkali metal ions may be any of Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , and Cs + , or may include at least one of Li + , Na + , and K + , or may include at least one of Li + and Na + , or may include Li.
- the proportion of one type of alkali metal ion among the alkali metal ions contained in the composite electrolyte may be 80 mol % or more, 90 mol % or more, or 95 mol % or more.
- the one type of alkali metal ion may be at least one of Li + , Na + , and K + , at least one of Li + and Na + , or Li + .
- anions contained in the plastic ionic crystal include F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , ClO 4 - , PF 6 - , BF 4 - , and anions having an -SO 2 - group.
- the anion may include an anion having an -SO 2 - group.
- the plastic ionic crystal may include one or more types of anions.
- Examples of the anion having a -SO 2 - group include SO 4 2- , HSO 3 - , an anion having a -SO 2 NSO 2 - group, an anion having a -SO 3 - group, etc.
- Examples of the anion having a -SO 2 NSO 2 - group include [(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ] 2 N - (h is 0 to 3), [(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ]N - [(C i F 2i+1 )SO 2 ] (h and i are 0 to 3), etc., and specific examples thereof include (FSO 2 ) 2 N - (bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide ion, hereinafter also referred to as FSA ion), and (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - (bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ion, also referred to as TFSA ion).
- anions having a -SO 3 - group include [(C h F 2h+1 )SO 3 ] - (h is 0 to 3), and specific examples include FSO 3 - and CF 3 SO 3 - .
- the plastic ionic crystal may comprise at least one anion selected from the group consisting of [(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ] 2 N - , [(C h F 2h +1 )SO 2 ]N - (C i F 2i+1 ) SO 2 ] and [(C h F 2h+1 )SO 3 ] - , may comprise at least one anion selected from the group consisting of (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , FSO 3 - and CF 3 SO 3 - , and may comprise at least one of (FSO 2 ) 2 N - and (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - .
- the plastic ionic crystal may contain a cation other than an alkali metal ion.
- a cation may be an organic cation.
- the organic cation may be a cation containing a nitrogen atom with a positive formal charge (e.g., +1).
- the organic cation may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an imidazolium cation, a pyrrolidinium cation, a piperidinium cation, a pyridinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, and a quaternary phosphonium cation, and may contain a pyrrolidinium cation.
- the plastic ionic crystal may contain one or more organic cations.
- An example of the pyrrolidinium cation is the N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium cation.
- Plastic ion crystals can be obtained, for example, by mixing an alkali metal salt (which may be crystalline) with other plastic ion crystals.
- alkali metal salt examples include MF, MCl, MBr, MI, MClO 4 , MPF 6 , MBF 4 , M 2 SO 4 , M[(C h F 2h+1 )SO 3 ] (h is 0 to 3), M[(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ] 2 N (h is 0 to 3), M[(C h F 2h+1 )SO 2 ]N ⁇ [(C i F 2i+1 )SO 2 ] (h, i are 0 to 3), etc., where M is an alkali metal.
- One or more types of alkali metal salts may be used.
- plastic ion crystals are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include plastic crystals that do not contain alkali metal ions, and specific examples thereof include imidazolium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, piperidinium salts, pyridinium salts, quaternary ammonium salts, and quaternary phosphonium salts.
- plastic ion crystals include those exemplified as anions contained in the plastic ion crystal of the present embodiment above.
- the inorganic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, and may be an oxide (oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte), a sulfide (sulfide-based solid electrolyte), a hydride (hydride-based solid electrolyte), or a halide (halide-based solid electrolyte), etc.
- the inorganic solid electrolyte may contain at least one of an alkali metal element and an alkaline earth metal element, and may contain an alkali metal element.
- oxide-based inorganic solid electrolytes examples include oxides such as perovskite-type oxides, NASICON-type oxides, LISICON-type oxides, and garnet-type oxides, as well as oxides doped with other cations or anions.
- perovskite oxides examples include Li-La-Ti oxides such as Li a La 1-a TiO 3 (0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1), Li-La-Ta oxides such as Li b La 1-b TaO 3 (0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1), and Li-La-Nb oxides such as Li c La 1-c NbO 3 (0 ⁇ c ⁇ 1).
- NASICON type oxides examples include Li1 + dAldTi2 -d ( PO4 ) 3 (0 ⁇ d ⁇ 1).
- NASICON type oxides are oxides represented by LimM1nM2oPpOq (wherein M1 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Ga , In, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, and Se.
- M2 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Ge, In, Ga , Sn, and Al.
- m, n, o, p, and q are any positive numbers), and examples thereof include Li1 +x+yAlx ( Ti,Ge) 2- xSiyP3- yO12 ( 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3) (LATP).
- LISICON type oxides include oxides represented by Li 4 M 3 O 4 --Li 3 M 4 O 4 (M 3 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and Ti; M 4 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of P, As, and V).
- garnet-type oxides include Li-La-Zr oxides such as Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZ) and Li 7-a2 La 3 Zr 2-a2 Ta a2 O 12 (LLZT, 0 ⁇ a2 ⁇ 1, 0.1 ⁇ a2 ⁇ 0.8, 0.2 ⁇ a2 ⁇ 0.6).
- LLZ Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12
- LLZT Li 7-a2 La 3 Zr 2-a2 Ta a2 O 12
- the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may be a crystalline material or an amorphous material.
- oxide - based inorganic solid electrolytes examples include Li6.6La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12 and Li0.33La0.55TiO3 .
- sulfide-based solid electrolytes examples include Li 2 S-P 2 S 5 based compounds, Li 2 S-SiS 2 based compounds, Li 2 S-GeS 2 based compounds, Li 2 S-B 2 S 3 based compounds, Li 2 S-P 2 S 3 based compounds, LiI-Si 2 S-P 2 S 5 , LiI-Li 2 S-P 2 O 5 , LiI-Li 3 PO 4 -P 2 S 5 , Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 , and the like.
- the content of the plastic ion crystals in the composite electrolyte relative to the total of the inorganic solid electrolyte and the plastic ion crystals may be 7 to 70 mass %, or 10 to 60 mass %.
- the content of the inorganic solid electrolyte in the composite electrolyte relative to the total of the inorganic solid electrolyte and the plastic ionic crystals may be 30 to 93 mass%, or 40 to 90 mass%.
- the molar ratio of alkali metal ions to anions in the plastic ion crystals contained in the composite electrolyte is not particularly limited and may be 1 to 95 mol%.
- the molar ratio of alkali metal ions to other cations in the plastic ion crystals contained in the composite electrolyte is not particularly limited and may be 1 to 1900 mol%, or 5 to 1000 mol%.
- the composite electrolyte may contain at least one inorganic solid electrolyte selected from the group consisting of oxide-based inorganic solid electrolytes, hydride-based solid electrolytes, and halide-based solid electrolytes, and may contain an oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte.
- the composite electrolyte may include an oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte in which at least one diffraction peak having a half-width of 0.18° or less is observed within a range of 20° or less at 2 ⁇ in an X-ray diffraction chart obtained by measurement using CuK ⁇ radiation at 25° C.
- the diffraction peak having a half-width of 0.18° or less derived from the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may be observed in a state contained in the composite electrolyte, or may be observed before being mixed into the composite electrolyte.
- Such an oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte can be obtained by previously treating the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte with an acid.
- the acid used for the acid treatment examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and the like.
- the concentration of the acid is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to treat with a high concentration for a short time (for example, 10 to 60 seconds).
- the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may also include an oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte that satisfies the following conditions.
- the half-width of at least one diffraction peak within a range of 20° or less in 2 ⁇ observed for the acid-treated oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte may be 0.8 times or less the half-width of a diffraction peak derived from the same crystal plane as the diffraction peak observed for the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte before the acid treatment.
- the diffraction peak derived from the oxide-based inorganic solid electrolyte after the acid treatment may be observed in a state contained in the composite electrolyte, or may be observed before being incorporated into the composite electrolyte.
- the composite electrolyte may satisfy at least one of the following conditions (1) and (2) with respect to a Raman spectrum measured on the composite electrolyte at 25°C.
- the Raman shift of the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion interacting with the organic cation measured for the composite electrolyte is a higher wave number than the Raman shift of the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion measured for the plastic ion crystal which is a salt of the organic cation and the anion contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the difference in Raman shift between the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the composite electrolyte and the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the plastic crystal may be 0.5 to 20 cm -1 , 1 to 10 cm -1 , or 1 to 5 cm -1 .
- the difference in Raman shift may be 0.5 to 10 cm -1 , 0.5 to 5 cm -1 , or 1 to 5 cm -1.
- the Raman shift of the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion interacting with the alkali metal ion measured for the composite electrolyte is higher in wave number than the Raman shift of the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the anion measured for the salt of the alkali metal ion and the anion contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the difference in Raman shift between the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the composite electrolyte and the peak corresponding to the SNS bending vibration of the salt of the alkali metal ion and the anion may be 0.05 to 20 cm -1 , 0.1 to 20 cm -1 , 0.5 to 20 cm -1 , 1 to 10 cm -1 , or 1 to 5 cm -1 .
- the difference in Raman shift may be 0.05 to 10 cm -1 , or 0.1 to 5 cm -1 .
- the plastic ionic crystal which is a salt of the organic cations and anions contained in the composite electrolyte, may contain all of the organic cations and anions contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the salt of the alkali metal ion and the anion contained in the composite electrolyte may include all of the alkali metal ions and anions contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the peak position corresponding to the SNS bending vibration in the Raman spectrum of an anion having a -SO 2 NSO 2 - group differs depending on the interacting cation. That is, it is known that the peak on the low wavenumber side of the Raman spectrum is assigned to the anion interacting with an organic cation, and the peak on the high wavenumber side is assigned to the anion interacting with an alkali metal ion.
- the ratio (Li+/Org+) of the peak areas corresponding to the SNS deformation vibrations of the group interacting with an alkali metal ion and the group interacting with an organic cation among the -SO 2 NSO 2 - groups measured for the composite electrolyte may be smaller than the ratio (Li+/Org+) of the areas measured for a plastic ion crystal that is a salt of the organic cation and anion contained in the composite electrolyte.
- the composite electrolyte of this embodiment can be used as a material for electrochemical devices such as capacitors and batteries.
- materials for battery electrolytes solid electrolytes
- batteries include lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, and other batteries that perform charging and discharging by the movement of alkali metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes.
- the composite electrolyte of this embodiment can be used as an ion-conducting material, and may be included in the positive or negative electrodes of a battery.
- the composite electrolyte of this embodiment may be included in a composition (electrolyte composition) for forming a battery electrolyte (solid electrolyte).
- the electrolyte composition may contain a conductive assistant in addition to the composite electrolyte.
- the conductive assistant is not particularly limited, and may be a carbon material. Specific examples of the carbon material include graphites such as natural graphite (e.g., flake graphite) and artificial graphite; carbon blacks such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; and carbon fiber.
- the content of the conductive assistant in the electrolyte composition may be 10:3 to 10:0.1, or 10:2.5 to 10:0.5, in terms of the mass ratio of the composite electrolyte to the conductive assistant.
- the battery of this embodiment will be described below by taking a lithium ion battery as an example.
- the lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte (solid electrolyte) disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the composite electrolyte of this embodiment may be included in the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery.
- the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery is not particularly limited, and may contain a positive electrode active material and, as necessary, a conductive additive, a binder, and the like.
- the positive electrode may be a layer containing these materials formed on a current collector.
- the positive electrode active material examples include a lithium-containing composite metal oxide containing lithium (Li) and at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu.
- lithium composite metal oxides include LiCoO2 , LiNiO2 , LiMn2O4 , Li2MnO3 , LiNi x Mn y Co 1-x-y O 2 [0 ⁇ x+y ⁇ 1]), LiNi x Co y Al 1-x-y O 2 [ 0 ⁇ x+y ⁇ 1 ] , LiCr0.5Mn0.5O2 , LiFePO4 , Li2FeP2O7 , LiMnPO4 , LiFeBO3 , Li3V2 ( PO4 ) 3 , Li2CuO2 , Li2FeSiO4 , and Li2MnSiO4 .
- the negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery is not particularly limited, and may contain a negative electrode active material and, if necessary, a conductive agent, a binder, etc.
- a negative electrode active material such as Li, Si, P, Sn, Si-Mn, Si-Co, Si-Ni, In, and Au, as well as alloys or composites containing these elements, carbon materials such as graphite, and materials in which lithium ions are inserted between the layers of the carbon material.
- the material of the current collector is not particularly limited, and may be a single metal or alloy such as Cu, Mg, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Al, Ge, In, Au, Pt, Ag, or Pd.
- the solid electrolyte layer may have a plurality of layers.
- a sulfide solid electrolyte layer may be included in addition to the solid electrolyte layer containing the composite electrolyte of this embodiment.
- a sulfide solid electrolyte layer may be included between the solid electrolyte containing the composite electrolyte of this embodiment and the negative electrode.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include Li 6 PS 5 Cl, Li 2 S-PS 5 , Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 , Li 9.6 P 3 S 12 , Li 9.54 Si 1.74 P 1.44 S 11.7 Cl 0.3 , and Li 3 PS 4 .
- Example 2 A plastic ionic crystal 2 (IPC2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (LiFSA, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a plastic ionic crystal, [C2C1pyrr][FSA] (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), were mixed in a substance ratio of 5:95.
- LiFSA lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide
- [C2C1pyrr][FSA] manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Example 3 A plastic ionic crystal 3 (IPC3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (LiFSA, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a plastic ionic crystal, [C2C1pyrr][FSA] (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.), were mixed in a substance ratio of 90:10.
- LiFSA lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide
- [C2C1pyrr][FSA] manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- LLZT pellets (manufactured by Toshima Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) were prepared as inorganic solid electrolytes.
- the inorganic solid electrolytes were immersed in 36% by mass hydrochloric acid for 30 seconds or 5 minutes.
- Powder X-ray diffraction tests were performed at 25° C. on samples before the acid treatment, after the acid treatment for 30 seconds, and after the acid treatment for 5 minutes. The test conditions were as follows.
- FIG. 6 is a diffraction chart showing the results of a powder X-ray diffraction test.
- the three diffraction charts are, from top to bottom, the measurement results of the sample before the acid treatment, after the acid treatment for 30 seconds, and after the acid treatment for 5 minutes, respectively.
- the half-width (full width at half maximum) of the peak at 2 ⁇ of 16.7° was 0.1961° before the acid treatment, but was 0.0745° (about 0.38 times) after the treatment with 36% by mass hydrochloric acid for 30 seconds.
- the half-width (full width at half maximum) of the peak at 2 ⁇ of 19.3° was 0.1967° before the acid treatment, but was 0.0937° (about 0.48 times) after the treatment with 36% by mass hydrochloric acid for 30 seconds.
- An oxide film is formed on the surface of the LLZT powder, but the oxide film is removed by the acid treatment. This improves the crystallinity, and the half-width of the diffraction peak after the acid treatment for 30 seconds is smaller than that before the acid treatment.
- pellets and powders were used as the inorganic solid electrolyte after treatment with 2 mass % hydrochloric acid for 30 seconds.
- Example 1A The IPC1 and the inorganic solid electrolyte were mixed in a mortar and compressed (300 MPa) with a press to produce a pellet-shaped composite electrolyte.
- Example 2A A composite electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1A, except that the compounding ratio of the LLZT powder and the above-mentioned IPC1 was changed as shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Examples 1A to 3A Samples of each comparative example were prepared as shown in Table 1.
- a pellet-shaped LLZT electrolyte was produced by compressing (300 MPa) LLZT powder with a press.
- the sample of Comparative Example 1 has high strength, but depending on the measurement position, the sample was destroyed during measurement, making it impossible to measure the hardness.
- Comparative Examples 2A and 3A the sample was destroyed during measurement at all points, making it impossible to measure. It is presumed that by adding plastic ion crystals to the inorganic solid electrolyte, the particles of the inorganic solid electrolyte are more strongly bonded together, making the sample less likely to break.
- Example 1B to 2B A composite electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that IPC2 was used in place of IPC1 and the composition was as shown in Table 2.
- Example 3B to 4B A composite electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that IPC3 was used in place of IPC1 and the composition was as shown in Table 2.
- Example 4B A composite electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide ([C2C1im][FSA]) was used instead of IPC1 and the composition was as shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Impedance measurement> The sample of Comparative Example 1A and the composite electrolytes of Examples 1A and 2A were sandwiched between two Li plates to prepare a measurement cell (A). Also, the sample of Comparative Example 1A and the composite electrolytes of Examples 1A and 2A were sandwiched between two SUS (SUS316L) plates to prepare a measurement cell (B). The two Li plates of each measurement cell (A) were electrically connected to the terminals of an impedance analyzer (S11260 manufactured by Solatron Analytical Co., Ltd.), and the AC impedance spectrum was measured. The measurement was performed at 25°C and in the frequency range of 10 mHz to 10 MHz. Similarly, the measurement was performed for each measurement cell (B). The obtained resistance values are shown in Table 3.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram showing Nyquist plots measured in each measurement cell (A)
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing Nyquist plots measured in each measurement cell (B).
- the Raman spectrum was measured using a Raman spectrometer (DRX3, manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co.) by placing each sample in a sealable glass bottle and irradiating the pellets with a laser (wavelength 785 nm).
- the Raman spectrum of each sample is shown in Figure 3.
- the six Raman spectra in Figure 3 correspond to the following samples, starting from the top.
- the vertical axis in Figures 3 to 5 is the intensity (arbitrary unit).
- Electrolyte 21 Composite electrolyte of Example 2B.
- Electrolyte 22 The above IPC2 and acetylene black mixed in a mass ratio of 7:3.
- Electrolyte 31 Composite electrolyte of Example 2B.
- Electrolyte 32 The composite electrolyte of Example 2B and acetylene black mixed in a mass ratio of 10:2.
- LSV was measured using Biologic VPS. The conditions for the LSV measurement were scan rate: 0.1 mV/s, electrolyte pellet area 0.79 cm 2 , electrode area 0.50 cm 2 (area is the area perpendicular to the voltage application direction). The potential of the working electrode is expressed on the basis of Li/Li + .
- Figures 7 to 9 show the LSV measurement results for cells 1 to 3, respectively.
- cell 1 which does not use IPC
- an oxidation peak is observed at around 4 V.
- cell 2 which uses the IPC2 electrolyte
- no oxidation current is observed up to around 5.2 V.
- cell 3 which uses the composite electrolyte of Example 2B and acetylene black
- no oxidation current is observed. From this, it is believed that the oxidative decomposition of LLZT is suppressed by using IPC in combination with LLZT.
- VSP electrochemical measurement system
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of a cycle test for a lithium-lithium symmetric cell using the composite electrolyte of Example 2B as an electrolyte.
- lithium deposition and dissolution were repeated for 10 cycles at a current density of 20 ⁇ A/ cm2 , 10 cycles at 50 ⁇ A/ cm2 , 10 cycles at 100 ⁇ A/ cm2 , and then 20 cycles at 20 ⁇ A/ cm2 again, and it was confirmed that the cells could be cycled stably.
- 11 shows the results of a current density of 100 ⁇ A/cm 2 for a lithium-lithium cell using Comparative Example 1A (LLZT only) as the electrolyte. In the case of Comparative Example 1A, charging and discharging could not be performed.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
無機固体電解質と、アルカリ金属イオンを含有する柔粘性イオン結晶とを含む、複合電解質。
[2]
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンが、-SO2-基を有するアニオンを含む、[1]の複合電解質。
[3]
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基又は-SO3-基を有する、[1]の複合電解質。
[4]
前記柔粘性イオン結晶が、(FSO2)2N-及び(CF3SO2)2N-の少なくとも一方を有する、[1]の複合電解質。
[5]
有機カチオンを更に含み、
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基を有し、
25℃において測定したラマンスペクトルについて、以下の条件(1)及び(2)の少なくとも一方を満たす、[1]~[4]のいずれか一つの複合電解質。
(1)前記複合電解質に関して測定された有機カチオンと相互作用している前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記有機カチオンと前記アニオンとの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶に関して測定した前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。
(2)前記複合電解質に関して測定されたアルカリ金属イオンと相互作用している前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記アルカリ金属イオンと前記アニオンとの塩に関して測定した前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。
[6]
有機カチオンを更に含み、
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基を有し、
25℃において測定したラマンスペクトルについて、前記複合電解質に関して測定された前記-SO2-基のうちアルカリ金属イオンと相互作用している基と有機カチオンと相互作用している基のS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークの面積の比(Li+/Org+)が、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記有機カチオンと前記アニオンの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶に関して測定した前記面積の比(Li+/Org+)よりも小さい、[1]~[5]のいずれか一つの複合電解質。
[7]
前記無機固体電解質が酸化物系無機電解質、水素化物系固体電解質及びハロゲン化物系固体電解質からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、[1]~[6]のいずれか一つの複合電解質。
[8]
前記無機固体電解質が酸化物系無機電解質を含む、[1]~[7]のいずれか一つの複合電解質。
[9]
25℃においてCuKα線を用いて前記複合電解質について測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、2θで20°以下の範囲内に、半値幅が0.18°以下である前記酸化物系無機固体電解質に由来する回折ピークが少なくとも一つ観測される、[8]の複合電解質。
[10]
前記酸化物系無機固体電解質が酸処理された酸化物系無機固体電解質を含み、
酸処理を行う前後で、25℃においてCuKα線を用いて測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、前記酸処理された酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された2θで20°以下の範囲内の回折ピークの少なくとも一つの半値幅が、酸処理前の酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された当該回折ピークと同じ結晶面に由来する回折ピークの半値幅の0.8倍以下である、[8]又は[9]の複合電解質。
[11]
前記酸化物系無機固体電解質として、25℃においてCuKα線を用いて前記酸化物系無機固体電解質について測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、2θで20°以下の範囲内に、半値幅が0.18°以下である回折ピークが少なくとも一つ観測される酸化物系無機固体電解質が配合された、[8]~[10]のいずれか一つの複合電解質。
[12]
[1]~[11]のいずれか一つの複合電解質を含む、電池用電解質。
[13]
[12]の電池用電解質を含む、電池。
無機固体電解質としては、特に制限されず、酸化物(酸化物系無機固体電解質)、硫化物(硫化物系固体電解質)、水素化物(水素化物系固体電解質)又はハロゲン化物(ハロゲン化物系固体電解質)等であってよい。無機固体電解質は、アルカリ金属元素及びアルカリ土類金属元素の少なくとも一方を含んでいてよく、アルカリ金属元素を含んでいてよい。
酸化物系無機固体電解質としては、例えば、ペロブスカイト型酸化物、NASICON型酸化物、LISICON型酸化物、ガーネット型酸化物等の酸化物、及び当該酸化物に他のカチオンまたはアニオンをドープしたものなどが挙げられる。
硫化物系固体電解質としては、Li2S-P2S5系化合物、Li2S-SiS2系化合物、Li2S-GeS2系化合物、Li2S-B2S3系化合物、Li2S-P2S3系化合物、LiI-Si2S-P2S5、LiI-Li2S-P2O5、LiI-Li3PO4-P2S5、Li10GeP2S12などを挙げることができる。
また、酸化物系無機固体電解質は、以下の条件を満たす酸化物系無機固体電解質を含んでいてもよい。すなわち、酸処理を行う前後で、25℃においてCuKα線を用いて測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、酸処理された酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された2θで20°以下の範囲内の回折ピークの少なくとも一つの半値幅が、酸処理前の酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された当該回折ピークと同じ結晶面に由来する回折ピークの半値幅の0.8倍以下であってよい。酸処理後の酸化物系無機固体電解質に由来する当該回折ピークは、複合電解質に含有された状態で観測されるものであってもよいし、複合電解質に配合する前に観測されたものであってもよい。
(1)複合電解質に関して測定された有機カチオンと相互作用するアニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、複合電解質に含まれる有機カチオンとアニオンの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶に関して測定したアニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。複合電解質のS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークと、上記柔粘性結晶のS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークとのラマンシフトの差は0.5~20cm-1であってよく、1~10cm-1であってよく、1~5cm-1であってよい。また、ラマンシフトの差は0.5~10cm-1であってよく、0.5~5cm-1であってよく、1~5cm-1であってよい。
(2)複合電解質に関して測定されたアルカリ金属イオンと相互作用するアニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、複合電解質に含まれるアルカリ金属イオンとアニオンとの塩に関して測定したアニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。複合電解質のS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークと、上記アルカリ金属イオンとアニオンとの塩のS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークとのラマンシフトの差は0.05~20cm-1であってよく、0.1~20cm-1であってよく、0.5~20cm-1であってよく、1~10cm-1であってよく、1~5cm-1であってよい。また、ラマンシフトの差は0.05~10cm-1であってよく、0.1~5cm-1であってよい。
(1)について、複合電解質に含まれる有機カチオンとアニオンの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶は、複合電解質に含まれるすべての有機カチオン及びアニオンを含んでいてよい。
(2)について複合電解質に含まれるアルカリ金属イオンとアニオンとの塩は、複合電解質に含まれるすべてのアルカリ金属イオン及びアニオンを含んでいてよい。
リチウムイオン電池の正極としては、特に限定されず、正極活物質を含み、且つ必要に応じて導電助剤、結合剤等を含むものであってよい。
正極は、これらの材料を含む層が集電体上に形成されたものであってよい。正極活物質としては、例えば、リチウム(Li)と、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cuからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属とを含むリチウム含有複合金属酸化物が挙げられる。このようなリチウム複合金属酸化物としては、例えば、LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、Li2MnO3、LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2[0<x+y<1])、LiNixCoyAl1-x-yO2[0<x+y<1])、LiCr0.5Mn0.5O2、LiFePO4、Li2FeP2O7、LiMnPO4、LiFeBO3、Li3V2(PO4)3、Li2CuO2、Li2FeSiO4、Li2MnSiO4などが挙げられる。
(製造例1)
リチウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アミド(LiTFSA、キシダ化学株式会社製)と柔粘性イオン結晶である[C2C1pyrr][TFSA](N-エチル-N-メチルピロリジニウム ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アミド、関東化学株式会社製)とを物質量比で5:95の割合で混合して混合物を得た。得られた混合物にアセトニトリルを加えて、均一な溶液とし、アセトニトリルを真空下で除去して均一な柔粘性結晶(以下、柔粘性イオン結晶1(IPC1)とも呼ぶ。)を得た。
リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(LiFSA、キシダ化学株式会社製)と柔粘性イオン結晶である[C2C1pyrr][FSA](関東化学株式会社製)とを物質量比で5:95の割合で混合したことを除き、製造例1と同様に柔粘性イオン結晶2(IPC2)を得た。
リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(LiFSA、キシダ化学株式会社製)と柔粘性イオン結晶である[C2C1pyrr][FSA](関東化学株式会社製)とを物質量比で90:10の割合で混合したことを除き、製造例1と同様に柔粘性イオン結晶3(IPC3)を得た。
無機固体電解質としてLLZTペレット(株式会社豊島製作所製)を用意した。無機固体電解質を36質量%の塩酸に30秒間、又は5分間浸漬した。酸処理前、30秒間の酸処理後及び5分間の酸処理後のサンプルに対し25℃において粉末X線回折試験を行った。試験条件は以下のとおりである。
測定装置: SmalrtLab(株式会社リガク製)
X線発生器:CuKα線源、電圧40kV、電流30mA
X線検出器:シリコンストリップ型高速検出器
測定範囲: 回折角2θ=10°~70°
スキャンスピード:1°/分
図6は、粉末X線回折試験の結果を示す回折チャートである。図6において、3つの回折チャートは、それぞれ上から順に酸処理前、30秒間の酸処理後及び5分間の酸処理後のサンプルの測定結果である。2θが16.7°のピークの半値幅(半値全幅)は、酸処理前には0.1961°であったが、36質量%の塩酸による30秒間の処理の後では0.0745°(約0.38倍)であった。また、2θが19.3°のピークの半値幅(半値全幅)は、酸処理前には0.1967°であったが、36質量%の塩酸による30秒間の処理の後では0.0937°(約0.48倍)であった。LLZT粉末の表面には酸化被膜が形成されているが、酸処理により酸化被膜が除去される。そのことにより、結晶性が向上し、30秒間の酸処理後の方が酸処理前よりも回折ピークの半値幅が小さくなっている。しかしながら、酸処理の時間を5分に延長するとLLZTと塩酸との反応が進み、却って結晶性が失われる。そのため、以下、無機固体電解質としてペレット、粉末ともに2質量%の塩酸で30秒間の処理を行ったものを使用した。
上記IPC1と無機固体電解質とを乳鉢中で混合し、プレス機で圧着(300MPa)することでペレット状の複合電解質を作製した。
表1のとおりLLZT粉末と上記IPC1との配合比を変更したこと以外は、実施例1Aと同様に複合電解質を作製した。
表1に示すように各比較例の試料を用意した。なお、比較例1Aの試料については、プレス機でLLZT粉末を圧着(300MPa)することでペレット状のLLZT電解質を作製した。
実施例及び比較例の各試料についてJIS K 6253に基づくA型硬度計を用いて硬度を測定した。試料としては直径8mmのペレット状のものを用いた。硬度は実施例及び比較例の各試料の5点について測定し、その平均値を取った。
IPC1に代えてIPC2を使用し、表2の組成としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に複合電解質を調製した。
IPC1に代えてIPC3を使用し、表2の組成としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に複合電解質を調製した。
IPC1に代えてイオン液体である1-エチル-3-メチルイミダゾリウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド([C2C1im][FSA])を使用し、表2の組成としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様に複合電解質を調製した。
比較例1Aの試料、並びに実施例1A及び実施例2Aの複合電解質をそれぞれ2枚のLi板で挟み、測定用セル(A)を作製した。また、比較例1Aの試料、実施例1A及び実施例2Aの複合電解質をそれぞれ2枚のSUS(SUS316L)板で挟み、測定用セル(B)を作製した。
各測定用セル(A)の2枚のLi板をそれぞれインピーダンスアナライザー(Solatron Analytical社製 Sl1260)の端子にそれぞれ電気的に接続さし、交流インピーダンススペクトルの測定を行った。測定は、25℃、周波数10mHz~10MHzの範囲で行われた。同様に各測定用セル(B)についても測定を行った。得られた抵抗値の値を表3に示す。
図1は、各測定用セル(A)で測定したナイキストプロットを示す図である。また、図2は、各測定用セル(B)で測定したナイキストプロットを示す図である。
ラマンスペクトル装置(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社製、DRX3)を用い、ラマンスペクトルを測定した。測定は、各試料を密閉できるガラス瓶にいれて、ペレットにレーザー(波長785nm)を照射することにより行った。
図3に各試料のラマンスペクトルを示す。図3における6つのラマンスペクトルは、それぞれ上から順に以下の試料に対応する。なお、図3~5の縦軸は強度(任意単位)である。
(1-1)実施例2Aの複合電解質
(1-2)LLZTと[C2C1pyrr][TFSA]とを70:30(質量比)で混合したもの
(1-3)実施例1Aの複合電解質
(1-4)IPC1
(1-5)[C2C1pyrr][TFSA]
(1-6)LLZT
図3の(1-1)~(1-6)のスペクトルをカーブフィッティングし、ピークを分離した。また、分離されたピークのピーク位置を比較することにより以下のように帰属することができる。
有機カチオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(743.3cm-1)
アルカリ金属イオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(749.6cm-1)
LLZTのピーク(743.4cm-1)
(1-2)
有機カチオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(743.2cm-1)
LLZTのピーク(743.4cm-1)
(1-3)
有機カチオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(743.2cm-1)
LLZTのピーク(743.4cm-1)
(1-4)
有機カチオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(741.7cm-1)
アルカリ金属イオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(749.3cm-1)
(1-5)
有機カチオンと相互作用するTFSAアニオンのS-N-S変角振動(741.5cm-1)
(1-6)
LLZTのピーク(743.4cm-1)
(2-1)実施例1Bの複合電解質
(2-2)実施例2Bの複合電解質
(2-3)[C2C1pyrr][FSA]とLLZTとを30:70(質量比)で混合したもの
(2-4)IPC2
(2-5)[C2C1pyrr][FSA]
(3-1)実施例3Bの複合電解質
(3-2)実施例4Bの複合電解質
(3-3)IPC3
(3-4)Li[FSA]
以下の構成の3つのセル(二電極セル)についてリニアスイープボルタメトリーの測定を行った。
セル1:(リチウム/電解質11/アルミニウムメッシュ)
セル2:(リチウム/電解質21/電解質22/アルミニウムメッシュ)
セル3:(リチウム/電解質31/電解質32/アルミニウムメッシュ)
なお、各電解質の組成は以下のとおりである。
電解質11:LLZTとアセチレンブラック(AB)とを10:2の質量比で混合したものに1MのLiPF6溶液(溶媒は、エチレンカーボネート(EC):ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)=1:1(体積比)の混合溶媒である)を含侵させたもの
電解質21:実施例2Bの複合電解質
電解質22:上記IPC2とアセチレンブラックとを7:3の質量比で混合したもの
電解質31:実施例2Bの複合電解質
電解質32:実施例2Bの複合電解質とアセチレンブラックとを10:2の質量比で混合したもの
バイオロジック社製VPSを用いてLSVの測定を行った。LSVの測定の条件は、スキャンレート:0.1mV/s、電解質ペレットの面積0.79cm2、電極面積0.50cm2であった(面積は、電圧の印加方向に対して垂直な面積である。)。なお、作用極の電位は、Li/Li+基準で表す。
グローブボックス内、乾燥アルゴン雰囲気下にて、コイン型電池CR2032の評価セルを組み立てた。具体的には、評価セル内に以下の順に各層を積層して試験用積層体を作製した。電解質としては、実施例2Bの複合電解質、及び比較例1A(LLZTのみ)を使用した。なお、セルにおける電圧の印加方向に対して垂直な面積は、Li電極について0.50cm2であり、電解質について、0.79cm2であった。
(リチウム/電解質/リチウム)
上記評価セル(リチウム-リチウム対称セル)に対して、電気化学測定システム(バイオロジック社製、VSP)を使用して任意の電流密度XmA/cm2と-XmA/cm2を交互に1時間ずつ流すを実施した(Xの値については後述する。)。
図11は、比較例1A(LLZTのみ)を電解質として用いたリチウム-リチウムセルについて、電流密度100μA/cm2の。比較例1Aの場合、充放電を行うことができなかった。
Claims (13)
- 無機固体電解質と、アルカリ金属イオンを含有する柔粘性イオン結晶とを含む、複合電解質。
- 前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンが、-SO2-基を有するアニオンを含む、請求項1に記載の複合電解質。
- 前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基又は-SO3-基を有する、請求項1に記載の複合電解質。
- 前記柔粘性イオン結晶が、(FSO2)2N-及び(CF3SO2)2N-の少なくとも一方を有する、請求項1に記載の複合電解質。
- 有機カチオンを更に含み、
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基を有し、
25℃において測定したラマンスペクトルについて、以下の条件(1)及び(2)の少なくとも一方を満たす、請求項1又は2に記載の複合電解質。
(1)前記複合電解質に関して測定された有機カチオンと相互作用している前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記有機カチオンと前記アニオンとの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶に関して測定した前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。
(2)前記複合電解質に関して測定されたアルカリ金属イオンと相互作用している前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトが、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記アルカリ金属イオンと前記アニオンとの塩に関して測定した前記アニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークのラマンシフトよりも高波数である。 - 有機カチオンを更に含み、
前記柔粘性イオン結晶に含まれるアニオンの少なくとも一種が、-SO2NSO2-基を有し、
25℃において測定したラマンスペクトルについて、前記複合電解質に関して測定された前記アニオンのうちアルカリ金属イオンと相互作用しているアニオンと有機カチオンと相互作用しているアニオンのS-N-S変角振動に対応するピークの面積の比(Li+/Org+)が、前記複合電解質に含まれる前記有機カチオンと前記アニオンの塩である柔粘性イオン結晶に関して測定した前記面積の比(Li+/Org+)よりも小さい、請求項1又は2に記載の複合電解質。 - 前記無機固体電解質が酸化物系無機固体電解質、水素化物系固体電解質及びハロゲン化物系固体電解質からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の複合電解質。
- 前記無機固体電解質が酸化物系無機固体電解質を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の複合電解質。
- 25℃においてCuKα線を用いて前記複合電解質について測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、2θで20°以下の範囲内に、半値幅が0.18°以下である前記酸化物系無機固体電解質に由来する回折ピークが少なくとも一つ観測される、請求項8に記載の複合電解質。
- 前記酸化物系無機固体電解質が酸処理された酸化物系無機固体電解質を含み、
酸処理を行う前後で、25℃においてCuKα線を用いて測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、前記酸処理された酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された2θで20°以下の範囲内の回折ピークの少なくとも一つの半値幅が、酸処理前の酸化物系無機固体電解質について観測された当該回折ピークと同じ結晶面に由来する回折ピークの半値幅の0.8倍以下である、請求項8に記載の複合電解質。 - 前記酸化物系無機固体電解質として、25℃においてCuKα線を用いて前記酸化物系無機固体電解質について測定して得られたX線回折チャートにおいて、2θで20°以下の範囲内に、半値幅が0.18°以下である回折ピークが少なくとも一つ観測される酸化物系無機固体電解質が配合された、請求項8に記載の複合電解質。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の複合電解質を含む、電池用電解質。
- 請求項12に記載の電池用電解質を含む、電池。
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| WO2016157348A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | バルク型全固体リチウム二次電池 |
| JP2020167025A (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | 固体電解質及び蓄電デバイス |
| CN112531204A (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | 一种塑晶-陶瓷复合固体电解质及其低温热压制备方法 |
| JP2021131979A (ja) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-09-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池用負極 |
| JP2021170527A (ja) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-10-28 | 輝能科技股▲分▼有限公司Prologium Technology Co., Ltd. | 複合材料分離層 |
| JP2022082060A (ja) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-01 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 二次電池 |
| CN115224357A (zh) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 吉林省东驰新能源科技有限公司 | 一种有机离子塑晶掺杂复合电解质膜及其制备方法和应用 |
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| JP5851584B2 (ja) | 2012-03-13 | 2016-02-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 固体電解質二次電池用リチウムイオン伝導性酸化物、固体電解質二次電池および電池パック |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016157348A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | バルク型全固体リチウム二次電池 |
| JP2020167025A (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | 固体電解質及び蓄電デバイス |
| JP2021131979A (ja) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-09-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池用負極 |
| JP2021170527A (ja) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-10-28 | 輝能科技股▲分▼有限公司Prologium Technology Co., Ltd. | 複合材料分離層 |
| CN112531204A (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | 一种塑晶-陶瓷复合固体电解质及其低温热压制备方法 |
| JP2022082060A (ja) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-01 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 二次電池 |
| CN115224357A (zh) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 吉林省东驰新能源科技有限公司 | 一种有机离子塑晶掺杂复合电解质膜及其制备方法和应用 |
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