WO2024076262A1 - Aquaculture farm - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to multi-level aquariums for farming fish and crayfish. The technical result consists in creating conditions for increasing the population of aquatic organisms in an aquaculture farm and is achieved in that in an aquaculture farm comprising tanks stacked vertically, one on top of another, which are hydraulically interconnected and have a circulating water supply mechanism, said tanks are equipped with tubular shelters for aquatic organisms; the circulating water supply mechanism is equipped with a water purification filter, a pipe, a pump, a water temperature control unit, a sprinkler, and a discharge pipe; an oxygen supply control unit, an aerating pipe, aerators, temperature sensors, oxygen sensors, and a programmable electronic system are also provided; discharge openings fitted with tubes are arranged in the bottom of the tanks in a staggered and spaced apart fashion to allow inclusion of the volume of water in a tank into the circulating flows, wherein a sprinkler is mounted on the bottom end of the tube in a discharge opening such as to be disposed above the surface of the water in a tank, thus providing an effect on the surface of the water and allowing the pressure in the water in the tank to be transmitted in all directions; and the tubular shelters in a tank are arranged at an angle to one another to reduce visual interaction between aquatic organisms and to enable said organisms to remain better hidden from one another in the tank.

Description

FARM FOR GROWING AQUIDOBIONTS

DESCRIPTION

The utility model relates to multi-level aquariums for breeding fish and crayfish [A01K 61/00, A01K 61/10, A01K 61/59, A01K 63/00].

Growing crayfish (aquatic organisms) is a large-scale production; it can be organized both in large volumes and in tanks at home. When raising crayfish, problems with cannibalism arise: smaller individuals must be kept in a separate container, since they will be eaten by larger crayfish. During crayfish breeding, it is especially difficult to monitor the quality of the environment - water, it must be saturated with oxygen (6-7 mg of oxygen per 1 liter).

There is a well-known MULTI-TIER STRUCTURE FOR GROWING CANCER [RU 199 367 U1, publ.: 08.08.2020], which includes vertical and horizontal racks made of polypropylene tubes, soldered with polypropylene corners and having holes, and shelves attached to the vertical racks, made made of plastic mesh, with the vertical and horizontal racks fastened to each other, and silicone hoses for compressors are inserted into the holes located in the lower part of the racks.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the presence of only one tank with shelves, which leads to the difficulty of separating individuals to control their selection and feeding.

Also known is an ELECTRONIC PROGRAMMABLE FLUID CHANGE DEVICE [RU 176 402 U1, publ.: 01/18/2018], which consists of a microcontroller, motor driver, current sensor, pump, real-time clock, information input device, information output device, power supply , non-contact sensor (minimum) liquid level, non-contact sensor (maximum) liquid level, filter elements, hoses, hose fastenings, aquarium, container where the water is changed, housing.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the presence of only one reservoir, which does not provide protection against cannibalism of aquatic organisms and separation of individuals to control their selection and feeding. A TANK FOR FISH AND SHELLFISH is known from the prior art [JPH 02104230 A, publ. : 04/17/1990], containing several stages of reservoirs in the outer casing, so that each water reservoir can be removed. Each of the above-mentioned water tanks is provided with a filtration tank, and the water in the water tank is circulated through this filtration tank. In addition, in the fish and shellfish tank, a bottom partition having a through hole at the front end and a rear end at the bottom of each of the water tanks, a bottom passage is formed between the horizontal partition and the bottom wall of the tank, the first vertical partition rising from the end of the horizontal partition is provided and between the first vertical partition and the rear wall of the tank, an air supply tank is provided having an air supply portion connected to the air pump. A second vertical partition having a through hole at the bottom is provided at the rear middle position of the water tank, the filtration tank is located between the first and second partition plates, and the air supply tank, the filtration tank, the main body of the water tank and the lower passage are communicated to water circulation Particularly, in the fish and shellfish storage tank of the present invention, a heat exchanger connected to the refrigerator and a heating panel connected to the heater circuit are provided in the filtration tank of each of the aquariums. Moreover, in the fish and shellfish storage tank of the present invention, it is preferable to cover the corresponding aquarium body and the filtration tank with each other, and the air pump, refrigerator and heating circuit are located on the control panel located at the top of the outer body. The air supply tank is equipped with an air dispersion supply part connected to the pump through a flexible hose so that fresh air enters the water tank in an amount controlled by the air flow control valve.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the complexity of the design implementation - oxygen supply, visual observation of aquatic organisms and the possibility of their cannibalism.

KNOWN FOR A KIND OF CYCLIC PRODUCTION OF FRESH SEAFOOD, A TEMPORARY WATER SUPPORT SYSTEM [CN 204104530 U, publ. : 01/21/2015], including a spray system, water purification system, cooling system, aeration system, two holding tanks, the storage system is divided into a number of storage units, and the storage unit is a multi-level three-dimensional model, which is divided into long-term storage areas and short-term storage areas. Depending on the cultivated biomass and the area of the holding area, the size of the holding unit is set. The holding tank bottom and basin bottom have insulating layers to meet the internal temperature control requirements of the holding unit. A support column is erected, a support beam is installed between the support columns, and a partition is laid between the support beams and between the support beam and the edge wall of the storage tank, with the partition acting as a boundary and the partition being above it. For the short-term holding area, the part of the storage tank below the partition is the long-term holding area, the partition is used as a temporary holding box, which can be flexibly installed and disassembled to facilitate the placement and removal of the holding box. The dirt collection pipe is fixed at the bottom of the beam. A dirt collection pipe is located at a distance from the dirt collection hole, and a waste water collection pipe extends to the outside of the temporary maintenance tank to remove dirt onto the liquid surface of the storage water tank.

The main technical problems of the prototype are the complexity of the design for small batches of aquatic organisms, the difficulty in removing them from tanks and the possibility of cannibalism.

The purpose of a utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result consists in creating conditions for increasing the population of aquatic organisms in a farm for growing aquatic organisms.

A farm for growing hydrobionts, containing vertically mounted reservoirs on top of each other, hydraulically communicating with each other and with a circulating water supply mechanism, the reservoirs are equipped with tubular shelters for hydrobionts, the circulating water supply mechanism is equipped with a water purification filter, a pipeline, a pump, a water temperature control unit, a sprinkler sprinkler, outlet pipeline, block provided oxygen supply controls, aeration pipeline, aerators, temperature sensors, oxygen sensors, an electronic programmable system, characterized in that the outlets equipped with tubes at the bottom of the tanks are located in a zigzag manner relative to each other at a distance from each other with the possibility of involving the volume of water in the tank in circulating flows, with a sprinkler sprinkler mounted at the lower end of the outlet tube above the surface of the water in the tank with the ability to influence the surface of the water and ensure the transfer of pressure in the water in the tank in all directions, the tubular shelters in the tank are located at an angle to each other to reduce visual interaction between hydrobionts and reducing their detection by each other in the reservoir.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a general view of a farm for growing aquatic organisms.

Figure 2 shows a top view of one of the tanks 1 with a possible arrangement of tubular shelters 3.

The figures indicate: 1 - tanks, 2 - outlets, 3 - tubes, 4 - racks, 5 - tubular shelters, 6 - base, 7 - filter compartment, 8 - pipeline, 9 - pump, 10 - water temperature control unit , 11 - sprinkler, 12 - outlet pipeline, 13 - oxygen supply control unit, 14 - aeration pipeline, 15 - aerators, 16 - temperature sensors, 17 - oxygen sensors, 18 - first support, 19 - second support, 20 - intermediate sprinklers.

Implementation of a utility model.

The farm for growing aquatic organisms is made of a solid structure of the base 6, which represents the first 18 and second 19 supports, and a compartment for filters 7 between them. The first 18 support is designed to accommodate racks 4 with tanks 1 on it. The second 19 support contains a pipeline 8, connected along its base, a pump 9 for pumping water and a water temperature control unit 10, due to which the temperature supplied to the tanks 1 is adjusted. The filter compartment 7 is a container containing mechanical, biological or chemical filter elements that purify water from inorganic particles, dissolved organic compounds, certain dissolved substances, such as medications, after treatment of aquatic organisms.

The racks 4, located on the first 18 support, are a metal prefabricated frame structure, the number of sections in height and length of which depends on the number of tanks 1 located on it. Thus, Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a four-level tank for growing aquatic organisms. Reservoirs 1 are installed one above the other on racks 4. Hydraulic connectivity of the tanks 1 is achieved by implementing outlet holes 2 and tubes 3. The edges of the outlet holes 2 have a transition to the container, preventing the tubes 3 from falling out of the bottom of the tanks 1 and unwanted leaks. Tubes 3 are selected according to the diameter of the outlet holes 5. The outlet holes, equipped with tubes 3, 2 at the bottom of the tanks 1 are located in a zigzag manner relative to each other at a distance from each other with the possibility of involving the volume of water in the tank in the circulating flows. The lower end of the tube coming out of the upper reservoir is located above the water level of the lower reservoir.

Sprinkler 11 of pipeline 8 and intermediate sprinklers 20 of tubes 3 with the ability to influence the surface of the water and ensure the transfer of pressure in the water in the tank in all directions, which prevents organic and other residues from floating up from the bottom of the tank 1.

Tubular shelters 5 in tanks 1 are made at an angle to each other to reduce visual interaction between hydrobionts and reduce their detection by each other in the tank, thereby reducing the risk of cannibalism. In each of the tanks 1, tubular shelters 5 have an individually selected size depending on the size of the aquatic organisms, which ensures control of the selection and feeding of aquatic organisms.

The aeration system is made in the form of a control unit for supplying oxygen 13 to a branched aeration pipeline 14, which is laid along the vertical posts of the racks 4 and connected to each of the aerators 15. Aerators 15 are located in tanks 1 on opposite sides from the outlets 2 so that oxygen is distributed as much as possible over the entire area of the tanks 1. An electronic programmable system (not shown in the figure) may consist of a data controller (not shown in the figure), a control controller (not shown in the figure), a water temperature control unit 10 and an oxygen supply control unit 13, temperature sensors 16, oxygen sensors 17, pump 9, information input/output interface (not shown in the figure), real-time clock (not shown in the figure).

The data controller is connected via a communication module to the control controller of the water temperature control unit 10 and the oxygen supply control unit 13. The data controller is designed to collect data from temperature sensors 16 and oxygen sensors 17. The control controller is implemented with the ability to control and change temperature levels and oxygen by the water temperature control unit 10 and the oxygen supply control unit 13, as well as by changing the performance of the pump 9, which supplies water to the pipeline 8 under pressure.

The control controller is made using an algorithm that compares the received data with the set values of the minimum/maximum temperature, oxygen level and pump performance (set by the user through the information input/output interface) in tanks 1. The control controller may have a digital-to-analog signal converter. Data from the control controller via communication channels enters the information input/output device. The information input/output device can be a smartphone, tablet, etc. The user has the ability to monitor the oxygen level, temperature and pump performance in tanks 1. The report provided to the user may contain data for the requested period of operation. Using an algorithm in the control controller and a real-time clock, temperature parameters and pump performance are changed for feeding individuals, treating them or mating.

A farm for growing aquatic organisms is used as follows.

First, you should assemble the structure as shown in Fig. 1. Next, place the tubular shelters 5 in tanks 1 that are without water, an example is shown in Fig. 2. Fill filter compartment 7 with water. Turn on pump 9, block control of the water temperature 10 and the oxygen supply control unit 13 is carried out manually or remotely using an information input/output interface (not shown in the figure). When the system is running, you should check the sensor readings using the information input/output interface (not shown in the figure):

- optimal temperature for mating (from 10°C to 26°C), feeding (adult crayfish from 17 to 28°C, larvae from 18 to 29°C), rearing larvae (from 21 to 27°C);

- the optimal oxygen content in water is 6-7 mg/l;

- providing a warning system for feeding and reports on the operation of the proposed installation.

Hydrobionts are sorted by size, age or sex and placed in tanks 1. If individuals are being treated, it is advisable to keep them in a separate lower tank 1 to avoid the spread of their disease with the flow of water (if there is such a possibility), as well as unwanted use of drugs healthy individuals.

In 2022, the author of the utility model conducted experimental studies in real conditions, in accordance with the description given. An experimental comparison was carried out with a MULTI-TIER DESIGN FOR GROWING RIVER CANCER [RU 199 367 U1, publ. : 08/08/2020] and theoretical comparison with the prototype. It was revealed that the proposed farm for growing aquatic organisms has the following advantages:

- maximum water circulation over the entire area of tanks 1, which is the prevention of water stagnation;

- reducing visual interaction between aquatic organisms and reducing their detection by each other in the tank, thereby reducing the risk of cannibalism between individuals.

The proposed farm for growing aquatic organisms is recommended for use in scientific laboratories, both in small and large enterprises specializing in the cultivation and breeding of aquatic organisms.

Thus, the experiments carried out proved the achievement of the stated technical result - providing the possibility of increasing the population of aquatic organisms in a farm for growing aquatic organisms.

Claims

FORMULA 1. A farm for growing hydrobionts, containing vertically mounted tanks on top of each other, hydraulically communicating with each other and with a circulating water supply mechanism, the tanks are equipped with tubular shelters for hydrobionts, the circulating water supply mechanism is equipped with a water purification filter, a pipeline, a pump, and a water temperature control unit , a sprinkler, an outlet pipeline, an oxygen supply control unit, an aeration pipeline, aerators, temperature sensors, oxygen sensors, an electronic programmable system, characterized in that the outlets equipped with tubes at the bottom of the tanks are located zigzag relative to each other at a distance from each other. from each other with the possibility of involving the volume of water in the tank into circulating flows, while the sprinkler sprinkler is mounted at the lower end of the outlet tube above the surface of the water in the tank with the ability to influence the surface of the water and ensure the transmission of pressure in the water in the tank in all directions, tubular shelters in in the tank are located at an angle to each other to reduce visual interaction between aquatic organisms and reduce their detection of each other in the tank. 8 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)