WO2024075495A1 - ラミネート体の製造方法、インクジェットインク、及び画像記録方法 - Google Patents
ラミネート体の製造方法、インクジェットインク、及び画像記録方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024075495A1 WO2024075495A1 PCT/JP2023/033596 JP2023033596W WO2024075495A1 WO 2024075495 A1 WO2024075495 A1 WO 2024075495A1 JP 2023033596 W JP2023033596 W JP 2023033596W WO 2024075495 A1 WO2024075495 A1 WO 2024075495A1
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- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/0027—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using protective coatings or layers by lamination or by fusion of the coatings or layers
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
- B32B37/182—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only one or more of the layers being plastic
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C08F220/1806—C6-(meth)acrylate, e.g. (cyclo)hexyl (meth)acrylate or phenyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08J7/04—Coating
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
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- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D11/00—Inks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a laminate, an inkjet ink, and an image recording method.
- JP 2021-161182 A describes an active energy ray-curable ink composition
- the polymerizable compound (A) comprises a monofunctional polymerizable compound and a polyfunctional polymerizable compound
- the monofunctional polymerizable compound comprises at least one monofunctional polymerizable compound (a-1) selected from the group consisting of a monofunctional polymerizable compound having a molecular weight of 250 g/mol or less and a melting point of 25°C or higher, a monofunctional polymerizable compound (a-2) having a molecular weight of 250 g/mol or less, a melting point of less than 25°C, and a viscosity at 25°C of 20 mPa ⁇ s or higher, and a monofunctional polymerizable compound other than the monofunctional polymerizable compound (a)
- a monofunctional polymerizable compound selected from the group consisting of a monofunctional polymerizable compound having a molecular weight of 250 g/mol or less and a melting point of 25°
- a laminate may be produced by laminating a laminating substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit onto the image in the image recording.
- a laminate there is a need to improve the adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image, and between the image and the laminating substrate.
- a method for producing a laminate comprising: a step of applying ink by an inkjet recording method onto a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit to record an image; and a step of placing a laminate substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit on the image and laminating the substrate, wherein the ink contains a polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, and the content of the polymerizable monomer A is 20 mass% or more relative to the total amount of the ink.
- ⁇ 2> The method for producing a laminate according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the content of the polymerizable monomer A is 40 mass% or more based on the total amount of the ink.
- ⁇ 3> The method for producing a laminate according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein a weighted average of glass transition temperatures of all polymerizable monomers contained in the ink when each of them is a homopolymer is 0°C to 100°C.
- ⁇ 4> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein a ratio of polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less to all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink is 90 mass% or more.
- ⁇ 5> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the proportion of the monofunctional polymerizable compound in all the polymerizable compounds contained in the ink is 90 mass % or more.
- ⁇ 6> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the polymerizable monomer A includes at least one selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.
- ⁇ 7> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the polymerizable monomer A includes cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.
- the polymerizable monomer A includes cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.
- the ink further contains an N-vinyl compound.
- a mass ratio of the content of the polymerizable monomer A to the content of the N-vinyl compound is 0.4 or more.
- ⁇ 10> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the ink further contains a resin T containing at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms.
- the resin T contains a constitutional unit derived from a polymerizable monomer having a solubility parameter of 16.5 MPa 1/2 to 24.0 MPa 1/2 .
- ⁇ 12> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the ink does not contain a surfactant, or the content of the surfactant relative to the total amount of the ink is less than 0.1 mass %.
- ⁇ 13> The method for producing a laminate according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12>, wherein in the laminating step, the image and the laminate substrate are superimposed and laminated so as to be in contact with each other.
- An ink-jet ink comprising a polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, the content of the polymerizable monomer A being 30 mass % or more relative to the total amount of the ink-jet ink.
- ⁇ 15> The ink-jet ink according to ⁇ 14>, wherein the content of the polymerizable monomer A is 40 mass % or more based on the total amount of the ink-jet ink.
- ⁇ 16> The ink-jet ink according to ⁇ 14> or ⁇ 15>, wherein a weighted average of glass transition temperatures of all polymerizable monomers contained in the ink-jet ink when each of them is a homopolymer is 0° C. to 100° C.
- ⁇ 17> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 16>, wherein a ratio of polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less to all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink-jet ink is 90 mass % or more.
- ⁇ 18> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 17>, wherein the proportion of the monofunctional polymerizable compound in all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink-jet ink is 90 mass % or more.
- ⁇ 19> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 18>, in which the polymerizable monomer A includes at least one selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl(meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl(meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl(meth)acrylate.
- the polymerizable monomer A includes cyclohexyl(meth)acrylate.
- ⁇ 21> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 20>, further comprising an N-vinyl compound.
- ⁇ 22> The ink-jet ink according to ⁇ 21>, wherein a mass ratio of the content of the polymerizable monomer A to the content of the N-vinyl compound is 0.4 or more.
- ⁇ 23> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 22>, further comprising a resin T containing at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms.
- ⁇ 24> The ink-jet ink according to ⁇ 23>, wherein the resin T contains a constitutional unit derived from a polymerizable monomer having a solubility parameter of 16.5 MPa 1/2 to 24.0 MPa 1/2 .
- ⁇ 25> The ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 24>, which does not contain a surfactant, or the content of the surfactant relative to the total amount of the ink-jet ink is less than 0.1 mass %.
- An image recording method comprising a step of applying the ink-jet ink according to any one of ⁇ 14> to ⁇ 25> onto a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit, by an ink-jet recording method, to record an image.
- a method for producing a laminate having excellent adhesion between an image and a substrate containing a polymer including vinyl chloride as a structural unit there is provided a method for producing a laminate having excellent adhesion between an image and a substrate containing a polymer including vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- an inkjet ink capable of recording an image having excellent adhesion to a substrate containing a polymer including vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- an image recording method capable of recording an image having excellent adhesion to a substrate containing a polymer including vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- a numerical range indicated using “to” means a range that includes the numerical values before and after “to” as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- the upper limit or lower limit described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit or lower limit of another numerical range described in a certain numerical range.
- the upper limit or lower limit described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with a value shown in the examples.
- the amount of each component in a composition means the total amount of the multiple substances present in the composition when multiple substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
- a combination of two or more preferred aspects is a more preferred aspect.
- the term "process” includes not only an independent process but also a process that cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes, as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved.
- image refers to a film formed by applying a pretreatment liquid and an ink in this order
- image recording refers to the formation of an image (i.e., a film).
- image in this specification also includes a solid image.
- (meth)acrylate is a concept that encompasses both acrylate and methacrylate.
- (meth)acrylic is a concept that encompasses both acrylic and methacrylic.
- the method for producing a laminated body of the present disclosure includes a step of applying ink by an inkjet recording method onto a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a constituent unit to record an image (hereinafter also referred to as the "image recording step"), and a step of placing a laminate substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a constituent unit on the image and laminating it (hereinafter also referred to as the "laminating step”), wherein the ink contains polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, and the content of polymerizable monomer A is 20 mass% or more relative to the total amount of the ink.
- the method for producing a laminated body disclosed herein provides a laminated body that includes, in this order, an image recording substrate, an image recorded on the image recording substrate, and a substrate for lamination arranged on the image.
- the laminated body obtained by the method for producing a laminated body disclosed herein has excellent adhesion between the substrate for image recording and the image, and between the image and the substrate for lamination.
- the ink used in the manufacturing method of the laminate disclosed herein contains polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, and the content of polymerizable monomer A is 20 mass% or more based on the total amount of the ink.
- Polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group has high affinity with the polymer containing vinyl chloride as a constituent unit contained in the image recording substrate, and has excellent solubility in the image recording substrate. It is believed that excellent adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image is achieved by polymerization proceeding in a state where part of the ink is dissolved in the image recording substrate.
- the ink film (i.e., image) obtained by curing the ink containing polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group has excellent thermal softening properties. Therefore, it is believed that the image has excellent adhesion to the lamination substrate.
- JP 2021-161182 A does not mention the interaction between the ink or the ink film formed by curing the ink, and the substrate containing a polymer that includes vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- the image recording step is a step of recording an image by applying an ink by an ink jet recording method onto an image recording substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- the image recording substrate contains a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a constituent unit may be a homopolymer of vinyl chloride (i.e., polyvinyl chloride), or a copolymer containing vinyl chloride and a monomer other than vinyl chloride as a constituent unit.
- copolymers containing vinyl chloride and other monomers other than vinyl chloride as constituent units include vinyl chloride-urethane copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic acid copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
- the image recording substrate contains polyvinyl chloride.
- the image recording substrate may contain other components in addition to the polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- other components include plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants, UV absorbers, binder resins, and white pigments.
- the image recording substrate may have a layer containing a polymer that includes vinyl chloride as a structural unit, and a surface treatment layer, but from the viewpoint of obtaining adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image by dissolving the ink in the image recording substrate, it is preferable that the image recording substrate does not have a surface treatment layer.
- the surface of the image recording substrate to which the ink is applied preferably contains a polymer that includes vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- the thickness of the image recording substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the ink contains a cyclohexyl group-containing polymerizable monomer A.
- the cyclohexyl group-containing polymerizable monomer will also be simply referred to as "polymerizable monomer A.”
- the ink comprises at least one polymerizable monomer A.
- a "polymerizable monomer” refers to a compound that has a polymerizable group and has a molecular weight of not more than 1000. The molecular weight is calculated based on the types and numbers of atoms that constitute the compound.
- the type of polymerizable group contained in the polymerizable monomer A is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of curability, it is preferably a (meth)acryloyl group (preferably an acryloyl group), and more preferably a (meth)acryloyloxy group (preferably an acryloyloxy group).
- the number of polymerizable groups contained in polymerizable monomer A may be only one, or may be two or more, but is preferably only one.
- the cyclohexyl group contained in the polymerizable monomer A may have a substituent.
- the substituents do not form a ring with each other.
- an isobornyl group and a decahydronaphthyl group are not included in the concept of a cyclohexyl group.
- the number of cyclohexyl groups contained in polymerizable monomer A may be only one, or may be two or more, but is preferably only one.
- the molecular weight of the polymerizable monomer A is preferably 205 or less, and more preferably 180 or less.
- a molecular weight of 205 or less for the polymerizable monomer A indicates a relatively low molecular weight, and by making it 205 or less, the ink is more easily dissolved in the image recording substrate. As a result, the adhesion between the image recording substrate and the ink film is improved.
- the molecular weight of the polymerizable monomer A is 205 or less, the distance between crosslinking points is shorter and the density of the ink film is improved, resulting in higher peel strength.
- the lower limit of the molecular weight of polymerizable monomer A is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 100.
- polymerizable monomer A examples include 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol mono(meth)acrylate, vinylcyclohexane, and cyclohexyl vinyl ether.
- the polymerizable monomer A contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol mono(meth)acrylate, it is more preferable that the polymerizable monomer A contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and it is even more preferable that the polymerizable monomer A contains cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate.
- the content of polymerizable monomer A is 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and even more preferably 40% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the ink. Taking into consideration the balance with other components, the upper limit of the content of polymerizable monomer A is preferably 80% by mass.
- the ink When the content of polymerizable monomer A is 20% by mass or more, the ink has excellent solubility in an image recording substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit, and the ink film (i.e., image) formed by the ink has excellent thermal softening properties. As a result, the ink has excellent adhesion between the image recording substrate and between the image and the lamination substrate.
- the ink preferably contains at least one N-vinyl compound.
- An N-vinyl compound is a compound in which a vinyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom. N-vinyl compounds have high solubility in image recording substrates and therefore contribute to the adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image.
- N-vinyl compounds include N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylimidazole, N-vinylphthalimide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylformamide, and 5-methyl-3-vinyl-2-oxazolidinone.
- the N-vinyl compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of N-vinylcaprolactam and 5-methyl-3-vinyl-2-oxazolidinone.
- the content of the N-vinyl compound is preferably 5% to 70% by mass, more preferably 10% to 60% by mass, and even more preferably 20% to 50% by mass, based on the total amount of the ink.
- the mass ratio of the content of polymerizable monomer A to the content of N-vinyl compound is preferably 0.4 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, even more preferably 0.7 or more, and even more preferably 0.9 or more.
- the mass ratio is 0.4 or more, the curing property of the ink is improved, and the adhesion between the image and the lamination substrate is improved.
- the upper limit of the above mass ratio is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining thermal softening properties in the ink film, it is preferable that it is 4.0.
- the weighted average of the glass transition temperatures when all the polymerizable monomers contained in the ink are homopolymers is 0°C to 100°C, and preferably 10°C to 60°C.
- the ink film (i.e., the image) obtained by curing the ink has excellent thermal softening properties, and therefore has excellent adhesion between the image and the lamination substrate.
- the glass transition temperature of a polymerizable monomer in the form of a homopolymer is measured by the following method. Note that the term "polymerizable monomer” used here refers to a compound that has a polymerizable group and has a molecular weight of 1000 or less.
- a homopolymer with a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000 is produced using a polymerizable monomer.
- the glass transition temperature of the produced homopolymer is measured according to the method described in JIS K7121:2012.
- the glass transition temperature is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter, for example, a product named "DSC-60" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the weight average molecular weight is measured using a gel permeation chromatograph (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatograph
- HLC-8220GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation
- TSKgel Super Multipore HZ-H manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, 4.6 mm ID x 15 cm
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- the conditions are a sample concentration of 0.45 mass%, a flow rate of 0.35 ml/min, a sample injection amount of 10 ⁇ l, a measurement temperature of 40° C., and detection is performed using a differential refractive index (RI) detector.
- the calibration curve is prepared using eight samples of "TSK Standard Polystyrene" manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as standard samples: "F-40", “F-20”, “F-4", “F-1”, "A-5000”, “A-2500", "A-1000” and "n-propylbenzene".
- the glass transition temperature of a homopolymer varies depending on the weight-average molecular weight of the homopolymer, but when the weight-average molecular weight is between 10,000 and 20,000, the variation is negligible.
- T i represents the glass transition temperature of the i-th polymerizable monomer contained in the ink when it is treated as a homopolymer
- C i represents the content (mass %) of the i-th polymerizable monomer relative to the total amount of the ink.
- the ink may contain other polymerizable compounds other than the polymerizable monomer A and the N-vinyl compound, however, it is preferable to adjust the type and content of the other polymerizable compounds so that the weighted average glass transition temperature of each of the polymerizable monomers contained in the ink as a homopolymer is 0°C to 100°C.
- the polymerizable group of the other polymerizable compound is preferably a radically polymerizable group, more preferably a photoradical polymerizable group, and even more preferably an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- examples of other polymerizable compounds include (meth)acrylate compounds, (meth)acrylamide compounds, vinyl ether compounds, allyl compounds, and unsaturated carboxylic acids.
- the proportion of polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less in all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more. When the proportion is 90% by mass or more, the solubility of the ink in the image recording substrate is increased, and the adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image is improved.
- the upper limit of the proportion is not particularly limited, and the proportion may be 100% by mass. That is, all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink may be polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less.
- polymerizable compound used herein means a compound having at least one polymerizable group, and the molecular weight is not particularly limited.
- the ratio of monofunctional polymerizable compounds to all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 92% by mass or more. When the ratio is 90% by mass or more, cure shrinkage due to residual stress is suppressed, and adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image is improved.
- the upper limit of the ratio is not particularly limited, and the ratio may be 100% by mass. That is, all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink may be monofunctional polymerizable compounds.
- polymerizable compound as used herein means a compound having at least one polymerizable group, and the molecular weight is not particularly limited.
- the term "monofunctional polymerizable compound” means a compound having one polymerizable group.
- the ink preferably contains at least one polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator is preferably a photoradical polymerization initiator that absorbs light to generate radicals that are polymerization initiating species.
- polymerization initiators examples include alkylphenone compounds, acylphosphine compounds, aromatic onium salt compounds, organic peroxides, thio compounds, hexaarylbiimidazole compounds, ketoxime ester compounds, borate compounds, azinium compounds, metallocene compounds, active ester compounds, compounds having a carbon-halogen bond, and alkylamine compounds.
- the polymerization initiator is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of acylphosphine compounds and thio compounds, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of acylphosphine oxide compounds and thioxanthone compounds, and even more preferably a combination of an acylphosphine oxide compound and a thioxanthone compound.
- Acylphosphine oxide compounds include monoacylphosphine oxide compounds and bisacylphosphine oxide compounds, with bisacylphosphine oxide compounds being preferred.
- monoacylphosphine oxide compounds include isobutyryldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2-ethylhexanoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)ethoxyphenylphosphine oxide, o-toluyldiphenylphosphine oxide, p-t-butylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 3-pyridylcarbonyldiphenylphosphine oxide, acryloyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, pivaloylphenylphosphinic acid vinyl ester, Examples include adipoylbisdiphenylphosphine oxide, pivaloyldiphenylphosphine oxide, p-toluyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 4-(t-butyl
- bisacylphosphine oxide compounds include bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-2,5-dimethylphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-4-ethoxyphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-4-propylphenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-naphthylphosphine oxide, and bis(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-4-propylphenylphosphine oxide.
- the acylphosphine oxide compound contains at least one selected from the group consisting of bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide (product name "Omnirad 819", manufactured by IGM Resins B.V.) and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide (product name "Omnirad TPO-H", manufactured by IGM Resins B.V.).
- Thioxanthone compounds include thioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-isopropylthioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 2-dodecylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, 1-methoxycarbonylthioxanthone, 2-ethoxycarbonylthioxanthone, 3-(2-methoxyethoxycarbonyl)thioxanthone, 4-butoxythioxanthone, 4-methyl ...
- the thioxanthone compound may be a commercially available product.
- commercially available products include the SPEEDCURE series manufactured by Lambson (e.g., SPEEDCURE 7010, SPEEDCURE CPTX, SPEEDCURE ITX, etc.).
- the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 2% by mass or more, and more preferably 5% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the ink, from the viewpoint of improving the curing properties of the ink.
- the upper limit of the content of the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10% by mass.
- the ink may contain at least one surfactant.
- a surfactant refers to a compound having a surface active function and a molecular weight of less than 1000. The molecular weight is calculated from the type and number of atoms constituting the compound.
- the ink does not contain a surfactant, or that the content of the surfactant relative to the total amount of the ink is less than 0.1 mass %. If the ink contains a surfactant, a commonly known surfactant can be used as the surfactant.
- the inks of the present disclosure preferably include at least one polymerization inhibitor.
- polymerization inhibitors examples include p-methoxyphenol, quinones (e.g., hydroquinone, benzoquinone, methoxybenzoquinone, etc.), phenothiazine, catechols, alkylphenols (e.g., dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT)), alkylbisphenols, zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, copper dimethyldithiocarbamate, copper dibutyldithiocarbamate, copper salicylate, thiodipropionic acid esters, mercaptobenzimidazole, phosphites, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), and tris(N-nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine) aluminum salt (also known as Cupferron Al).
- quinones e.g., hydroquinone, benzoquino
- the polymerization inhibitor preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of p-methoxyphenol, catechols, quinones, alkylphenols, TEMPO, TEMPOL, and tris(N-nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine)aluminum salts, and more preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of p-methoxyphenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone, BHT, TEMPO, TEMPOL, and tris(N-nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine)aluminum salts.
- the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.01% to 2.0% by mass, more preferably 0.02% to 1.0% by mass, and even more preferably 0.03% to 0.5% by mass, relative to the total amount of the ink.
- the ink may contain at least one type of resin.
- An example of a resin that the ink may contain is resin T, which will be described later. It is preferable that the ink does not contain any resin other than resin T, which will be described later.
- a "resin” does not have a polymerizable group.
- a resin having a polymerizable group corresponds to a "polymerizable compound” and is distinguished from a resin.
- a resin means a compound having a weight average molecular weight of 1000 or more.
- the ink preferably contains a resin T containing at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms.
- the resin contains at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms, the solubility of the ink in the image recording substrate is increased, and the adhesion between the image recording substrate and the image is improved.
- a fluorohydrocarbon group means a hydrocarbon group substituted with at least one fluorine atom.
- the fluorinated hydrocarbon group include a fluorinated alkyl group, a fluorinated alkenyl group, and a fluorinated aryl group.
- a fluorinated alkyl group is preferred, and a perfluoroalkyl group is particularly preferred.
- the number of fluorine atoms in the fluorohydrocarbon group is preferably 6 or more, and more preferably 8 or more.
- the upper limit of the number of fluorines in the fluorohydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but an upper limit of 40, for example, is given.
- the number of carbon atoms in the fluorohydrocarbon group is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 4 or more.
- the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms in the fluorohydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but an example of the upper limit is 20.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, an aralkyl group, etc.
- an alkyl group is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms is preferably 14 or more, and more preferably 16 or more.
- a polysiloxane group means a divalent group containing repeating Si-O bonds.
- the specific resin more preferably contains a monovalent group containing a polysiloxane group.
- Examples of the monovalent group containing a polysiloxane group include the following group (P).
- R P1 and R P2 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the following group (Z), R P3 to R P5 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, x represents an integer of 1 to 100, and * represents a bonding position.
- x is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R P1s may be the same or different, and a plurality of R P2s may be the same or different.
- the number of Si—O bonds ie, siloxane bonds
- R Z1 to R Z5 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, z represents an integer of 0 to 100, and * represents a bonding position.
- z is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of R Z1s may be the same or different, and a plurality of R Z2s may be the same or different.
- the hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms for R P1 to R P5 are each independently preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or a phenyl group, more preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms for R Z1 to R Z5 is each independently preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or a phenyl group, more preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
- -Structural unit (1) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms
- Resin T preferably contains at least one type of structural unit (1) containing at least one type selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms.
- Examples of the structural unit (1) include structural units derived from vinyl monomers (e.g., (meth)acrylic acid esters, (meth)acrylamides, etc.), structural units derived from diol compounds, and structural units derived from diisocyanate compounds.
- structural unit (1) a structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic acid ester is preferable, and the following structural unit (1A) is more preferable.
- R 31 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- L 31 represents a single bond or a linking group
- X 31 represents a fluorohydrocarbon group, a monovalent group containing a polysiloxane group, or a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms
- two * symbols each represent a bonding position.
- fluorohydrocarbon group the monovalent group containing a polysiloxane group
- hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms for X 31 are as described above.
- R 31 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and is preferably a methyl group.
- the linking group represented by L 31 is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms (more preferably 2 to 11 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms).
- the divalent hydrocarbon group may have a substituent such as a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group include an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, an alkylenearylene group, an alkylenearylenealkylene group, an alkylenecarbonyloxyalkylene group, and an arylenecarbonyloxyalkylene group.
- an alkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- structural units (1A) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorohydrocarbon groups, polysiloxane groups, and hydrocarbon groups having 12 or more carbon atoms are as follows:
- structural unit (1) includes the following structural units:
- the resin T contains at least one structural unit (2) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkylthio group, an alkylenethioalkylene group, and a mercapto group.
- Examples of structural unit (2) include alkylthio groups, alkylenethioalkylene groups, oxyalkylenethioalkyleneoxy groups (preferably having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably having 2 to 10 carbon atoms), mercapto groups, mercaptoalkyl groups (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms), and mercaptoalkylamino groups (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms).
- the alkylthio group preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, further preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of further suppressing yellowing of an image.
- the alkylenethioalkylene group preferably has 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms, from the viewpoint of further suppressing yellowing of the image.
- examples of the structural unit (2) include structural units derived from vinyl monomers (e.g., (meth)acrylic acid esters, (meth)acrylamides, etc.) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of alkylthio groups, alkylenethioalkylene groups, and mercapto groups.
- vinyl monomers e.g., (meth)acrylic acid esters, (meth)acrylamides, etc.
- an alkylthio group is preferred, and an alkylthio group as a terminal group of the main chain of the resin T is particularly preferred.
- resin T preferably contains at least one structural unit (3) that contains an amine structure having an ⁇ -hydrogen atom.
- the structural unit (3) include a structural unit derived from a vinyl monomer (for example, a (meth)acrylic acid ester, a (meth)acrylamide, etc.), a structural unit derived from a diol compound, a structural unit derived from a diamine compound, and a structural unit derived from a diisocyanate compound.
- the (meth)acrylic acid ester is a raw material for the (meth)acrylic resin
- the diisocyanate compound is a raw material for the urethane resin or urea resin
- the diol compound is a raw material for the urethane resin
- the diamine compound is a raw material for the urea resin.
- structural unit (3) a structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic acid ester is preferred, and the following structural unit (3A) is more preferred.
- R11 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R12 , R13 , and R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group
- L11 represents a linking group
- the two *'s each represent a bonding position.
- R12 and L11 may be linked to each other to form a ring
- R12 and R13 may be linked to each other to form a ring.
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and is preferably a methyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group for R 12 , R 13 and R 14 each independently preferably has 1 to 11 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group in R 12 , R 13 and R 14 includes an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, an aralkyl group and the like, with an alkyl group or an aryl group being preferred, and an alkyl group being more preferred.
- R 12 , R 13 and R 14 may be substituted.
- substituents include a hydroxy group and an alkoxy group.
- R 13 and R 14 are each independently preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and further preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 13 and R 14 are both hydrogen atoms.
- the hydrogen atoms as R 13 and R 14 are both ⁇ -hydrogen atoms. Therefore, when R 13 and R 14 are both hydrogen atoms, the number of ⁇ -hydrogen atoms in the amine structure is large, and the function of the amine structure (i.e., the function of suppressing radical polymerization inhibition by oxygen) is more effectively exhibited. Therefore, in this case, the stickiness of the image is significantly suppressed.
- R 12 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, still more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, still more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
- R 12 is a hydrocarbon group (more preferred embodiments are as described above), image stickiness is suppressed compared to when R 12 is a hydrogen atom.
- R 12 is a hydrocarbon group (more preferred embodiments are as described above), the formation of N-O radicals is suppressed, and as a result, the function of the amine structure (i.e., the function of suppressing inhibition of radical polymerization by oxygen) is more effectively exhibited.
- L11 represents a linking group.
- the linking group represented by L 11 is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms (more preferably 2 to 11 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms).
- the divalent hydrocarbon group may have a substituent such as a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group include an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, an alkylenearylene group, an alkylenearylenealkylene group, an alkylenecarbonyloxyalkylene group, and an arylenecarbonyloxyalkylene group.
- an alkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- resin T contains a structural unit derived from a polymerizable monomer having an SP value of 16.5 MPa 1/2 to 24.0 MPa 1/2 .
- resin T contains a structural unit derived from a polymerizable monomer having an SP value of 16.5 MPa 1/2 to 24.0 MPa 1/2 , at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms is oriented on the surface of the ink film, improving affinity with the laminate substrate.
- the SP value of the polymerizable monomer contained in resin T is measured in the same manner as the SP value of polymerizable monomer A described above.
- the content of resin T is preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass, more preferably 1.5% by mass to 8% by mass, and even more preferably 2% by mass to 6% by mass, relative to the total amount of ink.
- the ink may contain a small amount of water. Specifically, the water content relative to the total amount of the ink is preferably 3% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the ink is preferably a non-aqueous ink that is substantially free of water.
- the ink preferably includes at least one colorant.
- the colorant is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected from known colorants such as pigments, water-soluble dyes, disperse dyes, etc. Among them, the colorant is preferably a pigment from the viewpoints of excellent weather resistance and excellent color reproducibility.
- the type of pigment is not particularly limited, and may be either an organic pigment or an inorganic pigment.
- examples of the pigment include those described in "Encyclopedia of Pigments” edited by Seijiro Ito (published in 2000), “Industrial Organic Pigments” by W. Herbst and K. Hunger, and in JP-A Nos. 2002-12607, 2002-188025, 2003-26978, and 2003-342503.
- the ink uses a pigment as the colorant, it may contain a dispersant as necessary.
- the content of the colorant is preferably 0.1% to 20% by mass, and more preferably 0.5% to 10% by mass, based on the total amount of the ink.
- the ink may contain other components in addition to those described above.
- examples of other components include ultraviolet absorbers, co-sensitizers, antioxidants, anti-fading agents, and conductive salts.
- the viscosity of the ink is preferably from 5 mPa ⁇ s to 50 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably from 10 mPa ⁇ s to 30 mPa ⁇ s, and even more preferably from 10 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s.
- Viscosity refers to the value measured at 25°C.
- the viscosity is a value measured using a viscometer, and can be measured using, for example, a VISCOMETER RE-85L (manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.).
- the surface tension of the ink is preferably 60 mN/m or less, more preferably 20 mN/m to 50 mN/m, and even more preferably 25 mN/m to 45 mN/m.
- the surface tension refers to the value measured at 25°C.
- the surface tension is a value measured using a surface tensiometer, and can be measured, for example, using a product called "Automatic Surface Tentiometer CBVP-Z (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.)."
- the ink is applied by an ink jet recording method.
- ink ejection method used in inkjet recording
- any of the well-known methods may be used, such as a charge control method that uses electrostatic attraction to eject ink, a drop-on-demand method (pressure pulse method) that uses the vibration pressure of a piezoelectric element, an acoustic inkjet method in which an electrical signal is converted into an acoustic beam and irradiated onto the ink to eject ink using radiation pressure, and a thermal inkjet (Bubble Jet (registered trademark)) method in which ink is heated to form bubbles and the resulting pressure is utilized.
- a charge control method that uses electrostatic attraction to eject ink
- drop-on-demand method pressure pulse method
- acoustic inkjet method in which an electrical signal is converted into an acoustic beam and irradiated onto the ink to eject ink using radiation pressure
- thermal inkjet Bubble Jet (registered trademark)
- JP-A-54-59936 As an inkjet recording method, in particular, the method described in JP-A-54-59936 can be effectively used, in which ink subjected to the action of thermal energy undergoes a sudden change in volume, and the ink is ejected from the nozzles by the force caused by this state change.
- the method described in paragraphs 0093 to 0105 of JP-A-2003-306623 can also be used.
- Ink is applied to the image recording substrate using the inkjet recording method by ejecting the ink from the nozzles of an inkjet head.
- Inkjet head methods include the shuttle method, in which a short serial head is scanned across the width of the recording medium to perform recording, and the line method, which uses a line head in which recording elements are arranged to cover the entire area of one side of the recording medium.
- an image can be recorded on the entire surface of a recording medium by scanning the recording medium in a direction intersecting the arrangement direction of the recording elements.
- the line method does not require a transport system such as a carriage that scans a short head as in the shuttle method. Also, compared to the shuttle method, the line method does not require complex scanning control of the carriage movement and the recording medium, and only the recording medium moves. Therefore, the line method achieves faster image recording speeds than the shuttle method.
- the ink be applied using an inkjet head with a resolution of 300 dpi or more (more preferably 600 dpi or more, and even more preferably 800 dpi or more).
- dpi stands for dots per inch, and 1 inch is 2.54 cm.
- the amount of ink droplets ejected from the nozzles of the inkjet head is preferably 1 pL (picoliter) to 10 pL, and more preferably 1.5 pL to 6 pL, from the viewpoint of obtaining a high-definition image.
- the image recording step preferably includes a step of drying the applied ink after the ink has been applied onto the image recording substrate (hereinafter also referred to as a "drying step").
- the ink can be dried naturally, but it is preferable to dry it by heating.
- the heating temperature for heat drying is preferably 30°C to 90°C, and more preferably 50°C to 80°C.
- Methods of heat drying include, for example, infrared (IR) drying, hot air drying, and methods using a heating device (e.g., a heater, a hot plate, a heating furnace, etc.).
- IR infrared
- a heating device e.g., a heater, a hot plate, a heating furnace, etc.
- Heat drying can be performed by heating the ink from at least one of the image recording side and the non-image recording side of the image recording substrate.
- the image recording step preferably includes a step of applying an ink onto an image recording substrate and then irradiating the applied ink with active energy rays (hereinafter also referred to as an "active energy ray irradiation step").
- the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable compound contained in the ink proceeds. This fixes the image and improves the hardness, etc., of the image.
- active energy rays examples include ultraviolet rays, visible light, and electron beams. Among these, ultraviolet rays are preferred as active energy rays.
- the peak wavelength of the ultraviolet light is preferably 200 nm to 405 nm, more preferably 220 nm to 390 nm, and even more preferably 220 nm to 380 nm.
- the exposure dose of ultraviolet light is preferably 20 mJ/cm 2 to 5 J/cm 2 , and more preferably 100 mJ/cm 2 to 1,500 mJ/cm 2.
- the irradiation conditions and basic irradiation method may be those disclosed in JP-A-60-132767.
- the irradiation method is preferably a method in which light sources are provided on both sides of a head unit including an ink ejection device, and the head unit and light sources are scanned by a so-called shuttle method, or a method in which irradiation is performed by a separate light source that does not involve driving.
- Discharge lamps and laser light sources are mainly used as light sources for ultraviolet irradiation, and examples of widely known discharge lamps include mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, and ultraviolet fluorescent lamps.
- Semiconductor light sources such as UV-LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and UV-LDs (laser diodes) are small, have a long life, are highly efficient, and are low-cost, and are expected to be used as light sources for ultraviolet irradiation.
- the light source for ultraviolet irradiation is a metal halide lamp, high-pressure mercury lamp, medium-pressure mercury lamp, low-pressure mercury lamp, or UV-LED.
- the lamination step is a step of placing a lamination substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit on the image recorded in the image recording step, and laminating the image.
- ⁇ Lamination substrate> The preferred embodiments of the substrate for lamination are the same as those of the substrate for image recording, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
- the substrate for lamination is placed on the image.
- another layer such as an adhesive layer may be provided on the image, and the substrate for lamination may be placed through the other layer.
- the ink film i.e., the image
- thermocompress the image and the substrate for lamination it is preferable to thermocompress the image and the substrate for lamination at a temperature of 100°C or higher.
- the image and the substrate for lamination are thermally fused together, improving the adhesion between the image and the substrate for lamination.
- the upper limit of the temperature during thermocompression is preferably 200°C, more preferably 180°C, from the viewpoint of suppressing thermal decomposition.
- thermocompression refers to the surface temperature of the lamination substrate.
- the pressure applied during thermocompression is preferably 0.1 MPa to 20 MPa, and more preferably 0.5 MPa to 15 MPa.
- the time for thermocompression bonding is, for example, 10 to 500 seconds.
- Thermocompression bonding may be performed in two stages.
- the pressure in the first stage may be 0.5 MPa to 5 MPa
- the pressure in the second stage may be higher than the pressure in the first stage, 6 MPa to 15 MPa.
- the laminate obtained by the laminate manufacturing method disclosed herein can be used, for example, as flooring or wall materials for transportation equipment (trains, buses, etc.) and flooring or wall materials for buildings.
- the inkjet ink (hereinafter also simply referred to as "ink”) of the present disclosure contains polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, and the content of polymerizable monomer A is 30 mass % or more based on the total amount of the inkjet ink.
- Inkjet ink refers to the ink used when recording images using the inkjet recording method.
- the ink of the present disclosure has excellent solubility in a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit. Therefore, the ink of the present disclosure is preferably used for applying to a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit. By using the ink on a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit, an image with excellent adhesion to the substrate can be recorded.
- the ink of the present disclosure has excellent thermal softening properties when cured to form an ink film (i.e., an image). Therefore, it is preferable to use the ink to manufacture a laminate by placing a substrate for lamination on the image. In particular, it is preferable to use a substrate for lamination that contains a polymer that includes vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- the image recording method of the present disclosure preferably includes a step of applying an ink by an inkjet recording method to an image recording substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit.
- the preferred embodiment of the image recording step in the image recording method disclosed herein is the same as the preferred embodiment of the image recording step in the laminate manufacturing method described above, and so a description thereof will be omitted.
- Cyan pigment product name "IRGALITE BLUE GLVO”, manufactured by BASF... 30% by mass
- BYK-168 Product name "DISPERSE BYK-168”, manufactured by BYK... 20% by mass
- DVE-3 Triethylene glycol divinyl ether, manufactured by BASF...50% by mass
- NVC N-vinylcaprolactam
- Vmox 5-methyl-3-vinyl-2-oxazolidinone
- EOEOEA Ethoxydiethylene glycol acrylate
- CTFA Cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate
- EOTMPTA Trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide (EO) modified triacrylate
- Tegorad 2010 Product name "Tegorad 2010", manufactured by Evonik, molecular weight 800
- a polyvinyl chloride substrate product name "PVC35phr", manufactured by Okamoto Corporation
- a rubber heater SR100 manufactured by Three High Co., Ltd.
- an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation device Vzero manufactured by Integration Technology Co., Ltd.
- KEGON Affit inkjet printer
- the ink drying time when UV irradiation was performed (i.e., the time from when the ink discharged from the inkjet head landed on the image recording substrate to when it was irradiated with UV) was adjusted to 10 seconds.
- the ink drying time in this case was adjusted by adjusting the transport speed (5 m/min to 25 m/min) and the timing of opening and closing the UV shutter.
- the ink was ejected from the inkjet head of a modified inkjet printer to record a solid image on an image recording substrate, thereby obtaining an image recording material with a resolution of 1200 dpi (dots per inch) x 600 dpi.
- a polyvinyl chloride base material (product name "SG800", manufactured by KN Trading Co., Ltd., thickness 75 ⁇ m) was used as the lamination base material.
- a substrate for lamination was placed on the image recorded on the substrate for image recording.
- the image and the substrate for lamination were thermally and pressure-bonded using a tabletop automatic transfer press (product name "AF-54TEN”, Asahi Textile Machinery Co., Ltd.). This resulted in a laminate having a layered structure of substrate for image recording/image/substrate for lamination.
- the temperature in the thermocompression bonding was 130° C.
- the thermocompression bonding was performed at a pressure of 2 MPa for 300 seconds, and then at a pressure of 10 MPa for 60 seconds.
- the peel strength was measured using the evaluation sample of the laminate obtained in lamination process 1.
- the surface condition was evaluated using the image recording.
- the evaluation method was as follows.
- the evaluation samples were prepared in the following manner. From the image recorded product obtained in the image recording step, an image recorded sample of 3.2 cm x 3.2 cm was cut out. Also, from the lamination substrate, a lamination substrate sample of 3.2 cm x 3.2 cm was cut out. A 12 ⁇ m thick PET (polyethylene terephthalate) sheet was placed on the image recording surface of the image recording sample in a 1.0 cm ⁇ 3.2 cm area including one side of the image recording sample. Next, a 3.2 cm ⁇ 3.2 cm lamination substrate sample was placed on the entire image recording surface of the image recording sample, including the area where the PET sheet was placed (1.0 cm ⁇ 3.2 cm area) and the area where the PET sheet was not placed (2.2 cm ⁇ 3.2 cm area).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the image recording sample and the lamination substrate sample were laminated under the same conditions as in the lamination step described above.
- the PET sheet was removed from the resulting laminate to obtain a sample for evaluation.
- the image recording sample and the laminate substrate sample were bonded to each other in the area where the PET sheet was not placed before the lamination process, whereas in the evaluation sample, the image recording sample and the laminate substrate sample were not bonded to each other in the area where the PET sheet was placed before the lamination process.
- a tensile test was performed in which the image recording sample and the laminate substrate sample were pulled in opposite directions to measure the peel strength.
- the tensile test was performed using a tensile tester (product name "Autograph AGS-X 5KN", manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Two evaluation samples were prepared and the tensile test was performed twice. The average value of the two peel strengths was used.
- the evaluation criteria are as follows: 5: The peel strength was 7 N/cm or more. 4: The peel strength was 3 N/cm or more and less than 7 N/cm. 3: The peel strength was 2 N/cm or more and less than 3 N/cm. 2: The peel strength was 1 N/cm or more and less than 2 N/cm. 1: The peel strength was 0.1 N/cm or more and less than 1 N/cm. 0: The peel strength was less than 0.1 N/cm.
- B The surface feels slightly sticky, but no visible traces of rubbing are observed.
- C The surface feels slightly sticky, and traces of rubbing are slightly visible.
- D The surface feels sticky, and slight traces of rubbing are visible.
- E The surface feels sticky and traces of rubbing are visible.
- Tables 1 and 2 The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Tg molecular weight and glass transition temperature
- weighted average value of Tg means the weighted average value of the glass transition temperature when all the polymerizable monomers contained in the ink are homopolymers.
- Polymerizable monomer A/N-vinyl compound means the mass ratio of the content of polymerizable monomer A to the content of N-vinyl compound.
- Proportion of polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less means the proportion of polymerizable monomers having a molecular weight of 205 or less in all the polymerizable compounds contained in the ink.
- Proportion of monofunctional polymerizable compounds means the proportion of monofunctional polymerizable compounds in all the polymerizable compounds contained in the ink.
- Examples 1 to 11 include a process of applying ink by an inkjet recording method onto a substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit to record an image, and a process of placing a laminate substrate containing a polymer containing vinyl chloride as a structural unit on the image and laminating it.
- the ink contains polymerizable monomer A having a cyclohexyl group, and the content of polymerizable monomer A is 20 mass% or more relative to the total amount of the ink. As a result, it was found that the peel strength was high and the adhesion between the substrate and the image was excellent.
- Comparative Example 1 the ink did not contain polymerizable monomer A, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was poor.
- Comparative Example 2 the content of polymerizable monomer A in the ink was less than 20 mass%, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was poor.
- Example 3 the content of polymerizable monomer A was 40% by mass or more relative to the total amount of ink, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was superior compared to Example 11.
- Example 3 the weighted average of the glass transition temperature when all the polymerizable monomers contained in the ink are homopolymers is 100°C or less, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image is superior compared to Example 8.
- the weighted average of the glass transition temperature when all the polymerizable monomers contained in the ink are homopolymers is 0°C or more, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image is superior and the stickiness of the surface is suppressed compared to Example 7.
- Example 3 the proportion of polymerizable monomers with a molecular weight of 205 or less among all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink was 90% by mass or more, and it was found that the ink had better adhesion between the substrate and the image than Example 1.
- Example 3 the proportion of monofunctional polymerizable compounds among all polymerizable compounds contained in the ink was 90% by mass or more, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was superior compared to Example 9.
- the polymerizable monomer A contains at least one selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was superior compared to Examples 1 and 10.
- Example 3 the ink contained an N-vinyl compound, and it was found that, compared to Example 7, it had excellent adhesion between the substrate and the image and reduced surface stickiness.
- Example 3 the mass ratio of the content of polymerizable monomer A to the content of the N-vinyl compound was 0.4 or more, and it was found that the adhesion between the substrate and the image was superior compared to Example 6.
- Example 3 the ink did not contain a surfactant, and it was found to have better adhesion between the substrate and the image than in Example 5.
- Resins T1 to T4 in Table 3 are as follows. Resins T1 to T4 were synthesized with reference to the synthesis methods of Examples 8, 9, 25, and 19 of Japanese Patent No. 6861811. All of Resins T1 to T4 had a weight average molecular weight of 10,000. Table 3 shows the composition ratio (mass ratio) and SP value of the structural units constituting each resin.
- thermocompression bonding was set to 130° C., and the thermocompression bonding was performed at a pressure of 2 MPa for 300 seconds, and then at a pressure of 4 MPa for 60 seconds.
- the peel strength 2 was measured using the evaluation sample of the laminate obtained in lamination process 2.
- the evaluation method was the same as that used for the evaluation sample of the laminate obtained in lamination process 1.
- Example 101 The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
- the ink used in Example 101 was the same as that used in Example 3, and only the lamination process in the production of the laminate was different.
- the ink contained resin T that contained at least one group selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon group, a polysiloxane group, and a hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms, and it was found that the peel strength was higher than that of Example 101.
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Abstract
Description
本開示の別の実施形態が解決しようとする課題は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材との密着性に優れる画像を記録することができるインクジェットインクを提供することである。
本開示の別の実施形態が解決しようとする課題は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材との密着性に優れる画像を記録することができる画像記録方法を提供することである。
<1>塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にてインクを付与して画像を記録する工程と、画像上に、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有するラミネート基材を配置し、ラミネートする工程と、を含み、インクは、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクの全量に対して20質量%以上である、ラミネート体の製造方法。
<2>重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクの全量に対して40質量%以上である、<1>に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<3>インクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値は、0℃~100℃である、<1>又は<2>に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<4>インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合は90質量%以上である、<1>~<3>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<5>インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、単官能重合性化合物の割合は90質量%以上である、<1>~<4>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<6>重合性モノマーAは、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、4-tert-ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、<1>~<5>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<7>重合性モノマーAは、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートを含む、<1>~<6>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<8>インクは、さらに、N-ビニル化合物を含む、<1>~<7>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<9>N-ビニル化合物の含有量に対する重合性モノマーAの含有量の質量比率が、0.4以上である、<8>に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<10>インクは、さらに、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基を含む樹脂Tを含む、<1>~<9>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<11>樹脂Tは、溶解度パラメータが16.5MPa1/2~24.0MPa1/2である重合性モノマーに由来する構成単位を含む、<10>に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<12>インクは、界面活性剤を含まないか、又は、インクの全量に対する界面活性剤の含有量が0.1質量%未満である、<1>~<11>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<13>ラミネートする工程では、画像とラミネート基材とが接するように重ね合わせてラミネートする、<1>~<12>のいずれか1つに記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
<14>シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクジェットインクの全量に対して30質量%以上である、インクジェットインク。
<15>重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクジェットインクの全量に対して40質量%以上である、<14>に記載のインクジェットインク。
<16>インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値は、0℃~100℃である、<14>又は<15>に記載のインクジェットインク。
<17>インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合は90質量%以上である、<14>~<16>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<18>インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、単官能重合性化合物の割合は90質量%以上である、<14>~<17>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<19>重合性モノマーAは、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、4-tert-ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、<14>~<18>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<20>重合性モノマーAは、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートを含む、<14>~<19>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<21>さらに、N-ビニル化合物を含む、<14>~<20>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<22>N-ビニル化合物の含有量に対する重合性モノマーAの含有量の質量比率が、0.4以上である、<21>に記載のインクジェットインク。
<23>さらに、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基を含む樹脂Tを含む、<14>~<22>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<24>樹脂Tは、溶解度パラメータが16.5MPa1/2~24.0MPa1/2である重合性モノマーに由来する構成単位を含む、<23>に記載のインクジェットインク。
<25>界面活性剤を含まないか、又は、インクジェットインクの全量に対する界面活性剤の含有量が0.1質量%未満である、<14>~<24>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインク。
<26>塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にて、<14>~<25>のいずれか1つに記載のインクジェットインクを付与して画像を記録する工程を含む、画像記録方法。
本開示の別の実施形態によれば、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材との密着性に優れる画像を記録することができるインクジェットインクが提供される。
本開示の別の実施形態によれば、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材との密着性に優れる画像を記録することができる画像記録方法が提供される。
本明細書に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、ある数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本明細書に記載されている数値範囲において、ある数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
本明細書において、2以上の好ましい態様の組み合わせは、より好ましい態様である。
本明細書において、「工程」という語は、独立した工程だけでなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であっても、その工程の所期の目的が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
また、本明細書における「画像」の概念には、ベタ画像(solid image)も包含される。
本開示のラミネート体の製造方法は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にてインクを付与して画像を記録する工程(以下、「画像記録工程」ともいう)と、画像上に、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有するラミネート基材を配置し、ラミネートする工程(以下、「ラミネート工程」ともいう)と、を含み、インクは、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクの全量に対して20質量%以上である。
画像記録工程は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する画像記録用基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にてインクを付与して画像を記録する工程である。
画像記録用基材は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する。
インクは、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含む。以下、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーを単に「重合性モノマーA」ともいう。
インクは、少なくとも1種の重合性モノマーAを含む。
本開示において、「重合性モノマー」とは、重合性基を有し、かつ、分子量が1000以下の化合物をいう。分子量は、化合物を構成する原子の種類及び数に基づいて算出される。
インクは、少なくとも1種のN-ビニル化合物を含むことが好ましい。
N-ビニル化合物は、窒素原子にビニル基が結合した化合物である。
N-ビニル化合物は、画像記録用基材に対する溶解性が高いため、画像記録用基材と画像との密着性に寄与する。
本開示において、重量平均分子量は、ゲル透過クロマトグラフ(GPC)を用いて測定される。例えば、GPCとして、HLC-8220GPC(東ソー社製)を用い、カラムとして、TSKgel、Super Multipore HZ-H(東ソー社製、4.6mmID×15cm)を3本用い、溶離液としてTHF(テトラヒドロフラン)を用いる。条件は、試料濃度を0.45質量%、流速を0.35ml/min、サンプル注入量を10μl、測定温度を40℃とし、示差屈折率(RI)検出器を用いて検出する。検量線は、標準試料として、東ソー社製の製品名「TSK標準ポリスチレン」:「F-40」、「F-20」、「F-4」、「F-1」、「A-5000」、「A-2500」、「A-1000」及び「n-プロピルベンゼン」の8サンプルを用いて作製する。
インクは、その他の重合性化合物として、重合性モノマーA及びN-ビニル化合物以外の重合性化合物を含んでいてもよい。ただし、インクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値が0℃~100℃となるように、その他の重合性化合物の種類及び含有量は調整されることが好ましい。
なお、ここでいう「重合性化合物」は、少なくとも1つの重合性基を有する化合物を意味し、分子量は特に限定されない。
なお、ここでいう「重合性化合物」は、少なくとも1つの重合性基を有する化合物を意味し、分子量は特に限定されない。「単官能重合性化合物」は、重合性基を1つ有する化合物を意味する。
インクは、少なくとも1種の重合開始剤を含むことが好ましい。
重合開始剤としては、光を吸収して重合開始種であるラジカルを生成する、光ラジカル重合開始剤が好ましい。
インクは、少なくとも1種の界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。本開示において、界面活性剤とは、分子量1000未満の界面活性機能を有する化合物を意味する。分子量は、化合物を構成する原子の種類及び数より算出される。
本開示のインクは、少なくとも1種の重合禁止剤を含むことが好ましい。
インクは、少なくとも1種の樹脂を含んでいてもよい。インクが含んでいてもよい樹脂としては、後述する樹脂Tが挙げられる。インクは、後述する樹脂T以外の樹脂を含まないことが好ましい。本開示において、「樹脂」は、重合性基を有しないものとする。本開示において、重合性基を有する樹脂は、「重合性化合物」に該当し、樹脂とは区別される。また、樹脂とは、重量平均分子量1000以上の化合物を意味する。
インクは、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基を含む樹脂Tを含むことが好ましい。樹脂に、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基が含まれていると、画像記録用基材に対するインクの溶解性が高くなり、画像記録用基材と画像との密着性が向上する。
フッ化炭化水素基としては、フッ化アルキル基、フッ化アルケニル基、フッ化アリール基等が挙げられる。
フッ化炭化水素基としては、フッ化アルキル基が好ましく、パーフルオロアルキル基が特に好ましい。
フッ化炭化水素基のフッ素数としては、6以上が好ましく、8以上がより好ましい。
フッ化炭化水素基のフッ素数の上限は特に制限はないが、上限として、例えば40が挙げられる。
フッ化炭化水素基の炭素数としては、3以上が好ましく、4以上がより好ましい。
フッ化炭化水素基の炭素数の上限は特に制限はないが、上限として、例えば20が挙げられる。
炭素数12以上の炭化水素基における炭素数は、14以上が好ましく、16以上がより好ましい。
炭素数12以上の炭化水素基における炭素数の上限には特に制限はないが、上限として、例えば30が挙げられる。
特定樹脂は、ポリシロキサン基を含む1価の基を含むことがより好ましい。
ポリシロキサン基を含む1価の基としては、下記基(P)が挙げられる。
xが2以上の整数である場合、複数存在するRP1は、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数存在するRP2は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
基(P)中、Si-O結合(すなわち、シロキサン結合)の数は、2以上である。
zが2以上の整数である場合、複数存在するRZ1は、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、複数存在するRZ2は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
基(P)中、RP1~RP5における炭素数1~6の炭化水素基としては、それぞれ独立に、メチル基、エチル基又はフェニル基が好ましく、メチル基又はフェニル基がより好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。
基(Z)中、RZ1~RZ5における炭素数1~6の炭化水素基としては、それぞれ独立に、メチル基、エチル基又はフェニル基が好ましく、メチル基又はフェニル基がより好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。
樹脂Tは、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む構成単位(1)を少なくとも1種含むことが好ましい。
上記2価の炭化水素基は、ヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基等の置換基を有していてもよい。
上記2価の炭化水素基としては、アルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基、アルキレンアリーレン基、アルキレンアリーレンアルキレン基、アルキレンカルボニルオキシアルキレン基、アリーレンカルボニルオキシアルキレン基、等が挙げられる。
上記2価の炭化水素基としては、炭素数1~11(より好ましくは炭素数1~6)のアルキレン基が特に好ましい。
アルキレンチオアルキレン基の炭素数は、画像の黄変をより抑制する観点から、2~20であることが好ましく、2~10であることがより好ましい。
構成単位(3)としては、ビニルモノマー(例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、(メタ)アクリルアミド、等)に由来する構成単位、ジオール化合物に由来する構成単位、ジアミン化合物に由来する構成単位、ジイソシアネート化合物に由来する構成単位等が挙げられる。
ここで、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルは、(メタ)アクリル樹脂の原料であり、ジイソシアネート化合物は、ウレタン樹脂又はウレア樹脂の原料であり、ジオール化合物は、ウレタン樹脂の原料であり、ジアミン化合物は、ウレア樹脂の原料である。
R12が炭化水素基(より好ましい態様は上述のとおり)である場合には、R12が水素原子である場合と比較して、画像のべたつきが抑制される。この理由は、R12が炭化水素基(より好ましい態様は上述のとおり)である場合には、N-Oラジカルの形成が抑制され、その結果、アミン構造の機能(すなわち、酸素によるラジカル重合阻害を抑制する機能)がより効果的に発揮されるためと考えられる。
L11で表される連結基としては、炭素数1~11(より好ましくは炭素数2~11、さらに好ましくは炭素数2~8)の2価の炭化水素基が好ましい。
上記2価の炭化水素基は、ヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基等の置換基を有していてもよい。
上記2価の炭化水素基としては、アルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基、アルキレンアリーレン基、アルキレンアリーレンアルキレン基、アルキレンカルボニルオキシアルキレン基、アリーレンカルボニルオキシアルキレン基、等が挙げられる。
上記2価の炭化水素基としては、炭素数1~11(より好ましくは炭素数1~6)のアルキレン基が特に好ましい。
インクは、少量の水を含有していてもよい。
具体的には、インクの全量に対する水の含有量は、好ましくは3質量%以下であり、より好ましくは2質量%以下であり、さらに好ましくは1質量%以下である。
インクは、実質的に水を含有しない、非水性のインクであることが好ましい。
インクは、少なくとも1種の着色剤を含むことが好ましい。
着色剤としては、特に制限はなく、顔料、水溶性染料、分散染料等の公知の色材から任意に選択して使用することができる。中でも、耐候性に優れ、色再現性に富む点から、着色剤は、顔料であることが好ましい。
顔料としては、例えば、伊藤征司郎編「顔料の事典」(2000年刊)、W.Herbst,K.Hunger「Industrial Organic Pigments」、特開2002-12607号公報、特開2002-188025号公報、特開2003-26978号公報及び特開2003-342503号公報に記載の顔料が挙げられる。
インクは、上記以外のその他の成分を含有していてもよい。
その他の成分としては、紫外線吸収剤、共増感剤、酸化防止剤、褪色防止剤、導電性塩等が挙げられる。
その他の成分については、特開2011-225848号公報、特開2009-209352号公報等の公知文献を適宜参照することができる。
インクの粘度は、吐出性の観点から、5mPa・s~50mPa・sであることが好ましく、10mPa・s~30mPa・sであることがより好ましく、10mPa・s~25mPa・sであることがさらに好ましい。
粘度は、粘度計を用いて測定される値であり、例えば、VISCOMETER RE-85L(東機産業社製)を用いて測定することができる。
表面張力は、表面張力計を用いて測定される値であり、例えば、製品名「Automatic Surface Tentiometer CBVP-Z(共和界面科学社製)」を用いて測定することができる。
インクは、インクジェット記録方式にて付与される。
画像記録工程は、画像記録用基材上にインクが付与された後に、付与されたインクを乾燥させる工程(以下、「乾燥工程」ともいう)を含むことが好ましい。
画像記録工程は、画像記録用基材上にインクが付与された後に、付与されたインクに活性エネルギー線を照射する工程(以下、「活性エネルギー線照射工程」ともいう)を含むことが好ましい。
ラミネート工程は、画像記録工程で記録された画像上に、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有するラミネート用基材を配置し、ラミネートする工程である。
ラミネート用基材の好ましい態様は、画像記録用基材の好ましい態様と同様であり、説明を省略する。
ラミネート工程では、画像上にラミネート用基材を配置する。このとき、画像上に、接着層等の他の層を設けて、他の層を介してラミネート用基材を配置してもよい。しかし、本開示のラミネート体の製造方法では、インクの硬化によって得られるインク膜(すなわち、画像)が熱軟化性に優れることから、他の層を設けないことが好ましい。すなわち、画像とラミネート用基材とが接するように重ね合わせてラミネートすることが好ましい。これにより、画像記録用基材/画像/ラミネート用基材の積層構造を有するラミネート体が得られる。
本開示のインクジェットインク(以下、単に「インク」ともいう)は、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクジェットインクの全量に対して30質量%以上である。
本開示の画像記録方法は、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する画像記録用基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にてインクを付与して画像を記録する工程を含むことが好ましい。
<シアン顔料分散液の調製>
下記成分を混合し、ミキサー(シルバーソン社製L4R)を用いて2,500回転/分にて10分撹拌して混合物を得た。その後、得られた混合物を、ビーズミル分散機DISPERMAT LS(VMA社製)に入れ、直径0.65mmのYTZボール((株)ニッカトー製)を用い、2,500回転/分で6時間分散を行い、シアン顔料分散液を得た。
・BYK-168:製品名「DISPERSE BYK-168」、BYK社製… 20質量%
・DVE-3:トリエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、BASF社製…50質量%
上記シアン顔料分散液と、シアン顔料分散液に含まれる成分以外の表1及び表2に記載の成分とを、表1及び表2に記載の含有量となるように混合し、インクを調製した。
・4-tert-ブチルシクロヘキシルアクリレート
・3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシルアクリレート
・シクロヘキシルアクリレート
・シクロヘキシルメタクリレート
・1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノールモノアクリレート
・NVC:N-ビニルカプロラクタム
・Vmox:5-メチル-3-ビニル-2-オキサゾリジノン
・EOEOEA:エトキシジエチレングリコールアクリレート
・CTFA:環状トリメチロールプロパンホルマールアクリレート
・EOTMPTA:トリメチロールプロパンエチレンオキシド(EO)変性トリアクリレート
・ITX:2-イソプロピルチオキサントン
・Omni.819:ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)フェニルホスフィンオキシド(製品名「Omnirad 819」、IGM Resins B.V.社製)
・Omni.TPO-H:2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド(製品名「Omnirad TPO-H」、IGM Resins B.V.社製)
・TEMPOL:4-ヒドロキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-1-オキシル
・Tegorad2010:製品名「Tegorad2010」、エボニック社製、分子量800
-画像記録工程-
画像記録用基材として、ポリ塩化ビニル基材(製品名「PVC35phr」、オカモト社製)を準備した。
アフィット社製インクジェットプリンタ(KEGON)に、ラバーヒーター((株)スリーハイ製SR100)、及び、紫外線(UV)照射装置(Integration Technology社製Vzero)を取り付け、インクジェットプリンタ改造機を準備した。ラバーヒーターの出力は、インクが付与された画像記録用基材を、約60℃に加熱できるように設定した。UV照射を行う場合におけるインクの乾燥時間(すなわち、インクジェットヘッドから吐出されたインクが画像記録用基材に着弾してからUVを照射するまでの時間)は、10秒となるように調整した。この場合のインクの乾燥時間の調整は、搬送速度(5m/分~25m/分)とUVシャッター開閉のタイミングとを調整することにより行った。
インクジェットプリンタ改造機のインクジェットヘッドから、上記インクを吐出して、画像記録用基材上にベタ画像を記録し、画像記録物を得た。解像度は、1200dpi(dot per inch)×600dpiとした。
ラミネート用基材として、ポリ塩化ビニル基材(製品名「SG800」、ケイエヌトレーディング社製、厚さ75μm)を用いた。
画像記録用基材に記録された画像上に、ラミネート用基材を配置した。卓上自動転写プレス機(製品名「AF-54TEN」、アサヒ繊維機械株式会社)を用いて、画像とラミネート用基材とを熱圧着させた。これにより、画像記録用基材/画像/ラミネート用基材の積層構造を有するラミネート体を得た。
熱圧着における温度は130℃とした。熱圧着は、圧力2MPaで300秒、続けて、圧力10MPaで60秒行った。
以下の方法で、評価用サンプルを作製した。
画像記録工程で得られた画像記録物から、3.2cm×3.2cmの画像記録サンプルを切り取った。また、ラミネート用基材から、3.2cm×3.2cmのラミネート用基材サンプルを切り取った。
画像記録サンプルの画像記録面上であって、画像記録サンプルの1辺を含む1.0cm×3.2cmの領域上に、厚さ12μmのPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)シートを配置した。次に、画像記録サンプルの画像記録面上であって、PETシートを配置した領域(1.0cm×3.2cmの領域)及びPETシートを配置していない領域(2.2cm×3.2cmの領域)の全体に、3.2cm×3.2cmのラミネート用基材サンプルを重ねた。
この状態で、上記ラミネート工程と同様の条件で、画像記録サンプルとラミネート用基材サンプルとをラミネートした。得られた積層体からPETシートを除去することにより、評価用サンプルを得た。
評価用サンプルにおいて、ラミネート工程前にPETシートを配置していない領域は、画像記録サンプルとラミネート用基材サンプルとが接着した。一方、評価用サンプルにおいて、ラミネート工程前にPETシートを配置した領域は、画像記録サンプルとラミネート用基材サンプルとが接着しなかった。
次に、画像記録サンプルとラミネート用基材サンプルとが接着していない領域において、画像記録サンプルとラミネート用基材サンプルとをそれぞれ反対方向に引っ張る引張試験を行い、剥離強度を測定した。引張試験は、引張試験機(製品名「オートグラフAGS-X 5KN」、島津製作所製)を用いて実施した。2個の評価用サンプルを作製し、引張試験を2回行った。2回の剥離強度の平均値を採用した。評価基準は以下のとおりである。
5:剥離強度が7N/cm以上であった。
4:剥離強度が3N/cm以上7N/cm未満であった。
3:剥離強度が2N/cm以上3N/cm未満であった。
2:剥離強度が1N/cm以上2N/cm未満であった。
1:剥離強度が0.1N/cm以上1N/cm未満であった。
0:剥離強度が0.1N/cm未満であった。
ラミネート工程前に得られた画像記録物を、40℃で24時間保管した。
24時間後に、画像記録物の画像記録面を、ふき取り紙(製品名「キムワイプ(登録商標)」、日本製紙クレシア社製)で擦る操作を実施した。その際、画像記録面のべたつき感を確認した。また、ふき取り紙で擦った後の画像記録面の痕跡を目視で観察した。べたつき感、及び擦った痕跡の有無に基づいて、表面状態を評価した。評価基準は以下のとおりである。
A:表面のべたつきは感じられず、擦った痕跡も視認されない。
B:表面のべたつきがわずかに感じられるが、擦った痕跡は視認されない。
C:表面のべたつきがわずかに感じられ、擦った痕跡がわずかに視認される。
D:表面のべたつきが感じられ、擦った痕跡がわずかに視認される。
E:表面のべたつきが感じられ、擦った痕跡が視認される。
表1及び表2中、重合性モノマーA、N-ビニル化合物、及びその他の重合性化合物について、分子量、及びガラス転移温度(Tg)を記載した。
表1及び表2中、「Tgの加重平均値」は、インクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値を意味する。「重合性モノマーA/N-ビニル化合物」は、N-ビニル化合物の含有量に対する重合性モノマーAの含有量の質量比率を意味する。「分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合」は、インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合を意味する。「単官能重合性化合物の割合」は、インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、単官能重合性化合物の割合を意味する。
<インクの調製>
上記シアン顔料分散液と、シアン顔料分散液に含まれる成分以外の表4に記載の成分とを、表4に記載の含有量となるように混合し、インクを調製した。
表3に、各樹脂を構成する構成単位の組成比(質量比)及びSP値を示す。
実施例1と同様の画像記録工程により、画像記録物を得た。
ラミネート工程2では、得られた画像記録物を用いて、上記ラミネート工程1とは異なる条件でラミネート体を得た。
具体的には、熱圧着における温度は130℃とし、熱圧着は、圧力2MPaで300秒、続けて、圧力4MPaで60秒行った。
なお、実施例101で用いたインクは、実施例3で用いたインクと同じであり、ラミネート体の製造におけるラミネート工程が異なるのみである。
Claims (26)
- 塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にてインクを付与して画像を記録する工程と、
前記画像上に、塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有するラミネート基材を配置し、ラミネートする工程と、を含み、
前記インクは、シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、
前記重合性モノマーAの含有量は、前記インクの全量に対して20質量%以上である、ラミネート体の製造方法。 - 前記重合性モノマーAの含有量は、前記インクの全量に対して40質量%以上である、請求項1に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値は、0℃~100℃である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合は90質量%以上である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、単官能重合性化合物の割合は90質量%以上である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記重合性モノマーAは、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、4-tert-ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記重合性モノマーAは、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクは、さらに、N-ビニル化合物を含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記N-ビニル化合物の含有量に対する前記重合性モノマーAの含有量の質量比率が、0.4以上である、請求項8に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクは、さらに、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基を含む樹脂Tを含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂Tは、溶解度パラメータが16.5MPa1/2~24.0MPa1/2である重合性モノマーに由来する構成単位を含む、請求項10に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記インクは、界面活性剤を含まないか、又は、前記インクの全量に対する界面活性剤の含有量が0.1質量%未満である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- 前記ラミネートする工程では、前記画像と前記ラミネート基材とが接するように重ね合わせてラミネートする、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のラミネート体の製造方法。
- シクロヘキシル基を有する重合性モノマーAを含み、
前記重合性モノマーAの含有量は、インクジェットインクの全量に対して30質量%以上である、インクジェットインク。 - 前記重合性モノマーAの含有量は、前記インクジェットインクの全量に対して40質量%以上である、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性モノマーをそれぞれホモポリマーとした場合のガラス転移温度の加重平均値は、0℃~100℃である、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、分子量が205以下である重合性モノマーの割合は90質量%以上である、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記インクジェットインクに含まれる全ての重合性化合物に占める、単官能重合性化合物の割合は90質量%以上である、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記重合性モノマーAは、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、4-tert-ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、及びシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記重合性モノマーAは、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- さらに、N-ビニル化合物を含む、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記N-ビニル化合物の含有量に対する前記重合性モノマーAの含有量の質量比率が、0.4以上である、請求項21に記載のインクジェットインク。
- さらに、フッ化炭化水素基、ポリシロキサン基、及び炭素数12以上の炭化水素基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の基を含む樹脂Tを含む、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 前記樹脂Tは、溶解度パラメータが16.5MPa1/2~24.0MPa1/2である重合性モノマーに由来する構成単位を含む、請求項23に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 界面活性剤を含まないか、又は、前記インクジェットインクの全量に対する界面活性剤の含有量が0.1質量%未満である、請求項14に記載のインクジェットインク。
- 塩化ビニルを構成単位として含む重合体を含有する基材上に、インクジェット記録方式にて、請求項14~請求項25のいずれか1項に記載のインクジェットインクを付与して画像を記録する工程を含む、画像記録方法。
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| CN119968271A (zh) | 2025-05-09 |
| JPWO2024075495A1 (ja) | 2024-04-11 |
| KR20250060260A (ko) | 2025-05-07 |
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