WO2024052090A1 - System and method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for analyzing magnetic signals which have been generated by a human body, comprising at least one measuring device for detecting magnetic signals and an analysis unit which is designed to store the detected magnetic signals together with an assigned measurement time and to derive longitudinal biomagnetic field data from the magnetic signals. The detected magnetic signals and/or the items of longitudinal biomagnetic field data are compared with one another at different time scales, wherein a vital function of the human body can be evaluated on the basis of the comparison by means of an analysis unit.

Description

Description

title

System and method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body

The present invention relates to a system and a method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body.

State of the art

Magnetic fields, which arise from the electrophysiological activity of neuronal or muscular tissue, can be recorded by various specialized sensor systems and in many cases serve as a diagnostic tool. This applies, among other things, to magnetoencephalography, as described, for example, in Pratt, E. J., Ledbetter, M., Jimenez-Martinez, R., Shapiro, B., Solon, A., Iwata, G. Z., ... & Alford, J. K. (2021, March). Kernel Flux: a whole-head 432-magnetometer optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) system for brain activity imaging during natural human experiences. In Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology (Vol. 11700, pp. 162-179). SPIE.), magnetomyography, described for example in Broser, P. J., Middelmann, T., Sometti, D., & Braun, C. (2021). Optically pumped magnetometers reveal magnetic field components of the muscular action potential. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 56, 102490) and magnetocardiography, described for example in Shirai, Y., Hirao, K., Shibuya, T., Okawa, S., Hasegawa, Y., Adachi, Y., ... & Kawabata, S. (2019). Magnetocardiography using a magnetoresistive sensor array. International Heart Journal, 60(1), 50-54.

This involves time-varying magnetic field data generated by a human body over a period of up to a few minutes recorded and evaluated. In addition to manual evaluation (e.g. by a cardiologist), automatic systems, for example based on neural networks, are also available for the evaluation of such data, see e.g. Tao, R., Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Mi, X. , Ma, J., Shen, C., & Zheng, G. (2021). MCG-Net: End-to-End Fine-Grained Delineation and Diagnostic Classification of Cardiac Events From Magnetocardiographs. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 26(3), 1057-1067.

Measurements of significantly longer duration or periodically recurring measurements (both of which are also referred to as “longitudinal” in the following) currently only take place sporadically due to the technical limitations of the known measurement systems.

In order to measure very small magnetic field strengths, optically pumped quantum sensors or quantum sensors based on NV centers in diamond are particularly suitable sensors. DE 10 2022 204 526.2 describes a magnetometer that uses optically pumped and optically detected magnetic resonances (ODMR). This takes advantage of the fact that the energy levels of certain spin states of unpaired electrons split under the influence of an external magnetic field, the so-called Zeeman effect.

The splitting of the energy levels results in changed transitions during relaxation from excited states, which can then be measured, for example, by optical excitation and frequency-dependent detection of the resulting fluorescent radiation or by observing optical properties such as the absorption of light. The magnetic field strength can then be deduced from the measured optical parameters.

If such suitable magnetometers are available for recording biomedical fields for long-term examinations, they generate amounts of data that are several orders of magnitude larger than is the case with one-time measurements. On the other hand, currently only systems for evaluating biomagnetic field data of a few minutes in length are common. The manual evaluation, on the other hand, must be carried out by trained specialist personnel and usually involves a pairwise comparison of current data Data with the data from previous points in time. This evaluation is therefore too complex for broad applicability.

If evaluations of biomagnetic fields only take place for individual points in time, a large part of the available information is not used; For example, rare cardiac arrhythmias can be overlooked. Furthermore, it can happen that the respective measurement is viewed outside of its temporal or statistical context. For example, short-term deteriorations in heart muscle function (e.g. within days) cannot be distinguished from long-term changes that do not currently require treatment.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, a device and a method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body are proposed with the features of claim 1 and claim 14, respectively. Advantageous refinements are the subject of the subclaims and the following description.

A system according to the invention for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body comprises at least one measuring device for detecting magnetic signals, an evaluation unit which is set up to store the detected magnetic signals together with an assigned measurement time and longitudinal biomagnetic field data from the magnetic signals derive. The recorded magnetic signals and/or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data are compared with one another on different time scales, and based on the comparison, an assessment of a vital function of the human body can be carried out by the evaluation unit.

Longitudinal biomagnetic field data should be understood to mean in particular data sets that describe the vital functions of a specific person recorded regularly over a longer period of time and which, by measuring magnetic signals generated by the person's body, to be discribed. These include, for example, the magnetic signals generated by the person's heart, but also signals generated by other muscles or nerves.

This represents a system that establishes and tests hypotheses for changes in the electrophysiological activity of certain tissues and organs, or the overall condition of the user, on different time scales.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the magnetic signals are compared on a time scale of a few minutes, whereby in particular a change in the electrical heart axis and/or ST extensions or ST depressions can be recognized.

Alternatively or additionally, the magnetic signals can be compared on a time scale of hours to days, with signs of right heart strain and/or increases in periods of tachycardic cardiac arrhythmias being particularly recognizable.

Alternatively or additionally, the magnetic signals can be compared on a time scale of months to years, with long-term changes in the resting pulse and heart rate variability in particular being detectable.

The system can preferably process vectorial measured values from several sensors or gradiometers for the evaluation, can more preferably carry out an assessment of the quality of the data (e.g. the signal-to-noise ratio), can further preferably combine the measured values with anonymized data from other users/benefits. compare channels, can also preferably include manual assessments of previous data in its assessment and can communicate with the user. The system can further preferably assess the urgency of a message to the user, relatives and other people and can further preferably weigh up the need to escalate the rescue chain (message on the device, notification of relatives, emergency call). The one measuring device for detecting magnetic signals is preferably designed to detect a magnetocardiogram (abbreviated MKG). An MKG is the recording and display of the heart's magnetic field, which is created by the electrophysiological activity of the heart muscle cells. This is achieved in particular using nitrogen void magnetometers (so-called NV magnetometers) as a measuring device.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring device comprises a sensor unit for detecting magnetic signals generated by a beating heart, which has a base body with a support surface and an arrangement of at least two NV magnetometer units, the arrangement being embedded in the base body, wherein the base body is designed to accommodate a user sitting or lying on the support surface. Such a device can also be called a magnetocardiograph.

A particular advantage of NV sensors is the size of the sensor, especially the sensor medium or the measuring range. For the application, the active measuring volume should be small compared to the object to be measured (heart), otherwise the surface coverage will result in large parts of the signal being integrated and the signal may therefore disappear because the integral is zero. The smaller the active measurement volume compared to the heart, the better, in particular more precise and/or more accurate, the signal detection. NV sensors have a very small active sensor volume (e.g. a few mm ³ ). This small design also enables the sensors to be used in a geometric arrangement. In particular, very high-resolution arrangements are possible due to the very small active sensor volume.

This also allows for easy integration into textiles or other everyday items, with numerous options being considered. In one embodiment, the support body is a cushion, a mattress, a lounger, a mat, a bed, a seat (such as a car seat), or a chair; Integration is also possible in e.g. toppers, underlays, covers, slatted frames, bed frames, duvets, pillows, side sleeper pillows, etc. Diamond NV magnetometers are based on reading out the magnetic resonances of special defect centers in diamond, in particular nitrogen vacancies (NV), which occur as impurities in the carbon lattice of diamond and can also be introduced in a targeted manner. If the NV center is optically excited in the ground state, for example by irradiating a pump laser beam with a suitable wavelength (in this case in the green wavelength range, e.g. at 532nm for off-resonance excitation), the electrons are converted from the triplet ground state into the excited triplet -State raised and relaxed with emission of fluorescent light in the red wavelength range at 650 - 800 nm (637nm = zero phonon line). Since the probability of non-spin-conserving transitions from the spin state with the spin quantum number m _s =±1 is greater, continuous excitation pumping ensures that the NV centers are largely hyperpolarized in the spin state m _s =0.

There is an energy difference between the m _s = 0 and m _s = ±1 spin states in the ground state, which in this case is around 2.87 GHz. If, in addition to the optical excitation, microwave radiation is irradiated into the diamond, the red fluorescence drops at this resonance frequency of 2.87 GHz, since the spin-polarized electrons move through the microwave field from m _s = 0 to m _s = ±1 -Basic state can be raised and from there excited by the pump light into the m _s =±1 excited state. From there, however, mainly non-radiative transitions and weakly infrared fluorescence transitions occur over the singlet state, while the fluorescence in the red range disappears.

If an external magnetic field is present, the so-called Zeeman effect causes the otherwise equal-energy m _s = ±1 triplet levels to split into energetically equidistant Zeeman levels. When the fluorescence is plotted against a frequency spectrum of the microwave excitation, two dips appear in the fluorescence spectrum, the frequency spacing of which is proportional to the magnetic field strength of the external magnetic field. The magnetic field sensitivity is defined primarily by the minimally resolvable frequency shift and can reach up to 1 pTA/Hz or better. There The NV center in a single-crystalline diamond has four ways of arranging itself in the crystal lattice. In the presence of a directed magnetic field, the NV centers present in the crystal react to the external magnetic field with different strengths depending on their location in the crystal. This means that, ideally, four pairs of fluorescence minima can appear in the spectrum, from whose shape and position relative to each other both the magnetic field strength as an amount and the direction of the external magnetic field can be clearly determined.

In order to enable vector magnetic field measurements, in one embodiment the device has a device for generating a substantially homogeneous bias magnetic field in the area of the magnetometer units or their sensor media. The device can also be integrated into the base body. This can be a Helmholtz coil arrangement, with at least the sensor medium of the at least two NV magnetometer units being arranged within the Helmholtz coil arrangement. It can also be other devices such as a simple coil, an elongated coil, permanent magnet solutions such as in a Hallbach array, etc.

Heart signals, which are particularly preferably recorded as magnetic signals within the scope of the invention, have a magnetic signature at a distance of a few cm with an amplitude of (only) 1 to 2-digit picotesla (pT), whereas, for example, the earth's magnetic field in Central Europe is approx. 50 pT (microtesla), i.e. it is stronger by a factor of 10 ⁶ . However, even such small field strengths can be resolved with high precision over the long term using the proposed technology. For example, a magnetic shield or a gradiometer circuit can be used for this purpose.

If a gradiometer connection of at least two NV magnetometer units is used, one magnetometer unit is always at a greater distance from the heart (as a relatively weak magnetic field source) than another magnetometer unit. Due to the gradiometer connection, i.e. essentially (vectorial) subtraction of what is measured, the magnetic field gradient approximately corresponds to the field that emanates from the weak source, while significantly stronger background fields (which are essentially the same in both magnetometer units) are eliminated. This eliminates the need for magnetic shielding, making magnetic field measurement possible in everyday environments. The invention is particularly suitable for unshielded measurement of weak magnetic fields. Technical details of gradiometer solutions that can also be used within the scope of the present invention are disclosed in DE 102022201690.4 and should be included here.

In one embodiment, the measuring device is set up to detect a magnetic field strength and field direction using each of the at least two NV magnetometer units. Another advantage of NV sensors is the direction or vector information. In contrast to other technologies, this is intrinsic to NV sensors. It is therefore not necessary to introduce disturbances through modulation techniques or to use less favorable projections, nor do several separate sensors have to be used. This means you have the vector and gradiometry information in exactly the same place (diamond size, i.e. single-digit mm ³ and below) and not separated from a few cm to many cm as with other technologies. With NV magnetometer units, which can determine not only the field strength but also the direction of the magnetic field, improved suppression of a background field and thus better detection of signals that are heavily superimposed by interference signals are made possible.

In one embodiment, the measuring device has a signal processing unit to which the at least two NV magnetometer units are connected, the device being set up to use the signal processing unit to determine an effective magnetic field strength and/or an effective magnetic field direction as the difference between the two NV magnetometer units - To determine the magnetic field strength or field direction recorded by magnetometer units. Both a wireless and wired connection between the sensor system and the signal processing unit is provided.

By detecting a magnetic signal, in particular an MKG, and tracking or comparing it over different time scales, one can A variety of diseases can be detected, such as permanent atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. This can prevent a heart attack and, as a result, a stroke (especially after an undetected heart attack). Furthermore, the invention is suitable for the early detection of an ST-elevation infarction, other types of elevation infarction, a pulmonary embolism, an AV nodal renttry tachycardia, ventricular extrasystoles, but also very rare pathogenic diseases such as arrhythmogenic right ventricular tachycardia, which can otherwise only be caused by can be detected by gene sequencing.

In a further preferred embodiment of a system according to the invention, additional sensor devices, in particular pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors and/or microphones, can be included in the system. These additional sensor devices can preferably be used to detect additional biosignals from the human body, with the additional biosignals being included in the evaluation of the vital function by the evaluation unit. For example, body weight, body temperature, breathing rate and/or other values can be recorded and used to assess vital functions.

Depending on the assessment of the vital function, further measures can preferably be initiated, for example a report can be sent. The system preferably assesses the urgency of a message to the user, relatives and other people and weighs up the need to escalate the rescue chain (message on the device, notification of relatives, emergency call).

For this purpose, the system preferably has a communication unit which is designed to send and/or receive data. For this purpose, the communication unit can, for example, be designed to send and/or receive data via a data network, for example the Internet. A connection can be wired or wireless using known methods or protocols such as Ethernet, WiFi, Bluetooth, NFC, etc Preferably, data from at least one other system designed according to the invention can be received and included in the evaluation of the vital function by the evaluation unit. For example, the recorded signals can be compared with anonymized data from other users and/or manual assessments of previous ones data are included in the assessment.

For example, a user can be notified if certain parameters of the vital function deteriorate. External facilities can also inform relatives and/or health services about the development of the vital function by sending corresponding data to them using the communication unit. For example, if there are signs of an acute illness, an emergency service or a doctor can be contacted.

The core of the invention is therefore a system for analyzing and evaluating so-called longitudinal biomagnetic field data, i.e. looking at the data over a longer period of time and over different time scales.

Such a system can also be connected to other sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, also installed in the bed, the mattress, the topper or under the feet of the bed, in order to monitor the long-term development of, for example, body weight.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body is proposed, wherein magnetic signals, for example MKG signals, are detected from a human body by means of at least one measuring device, the detected magnetic signals together with a assigned measurement time are stored, longitudinal biomagnetic field data are derived from the magnetic signals and the recorded magnetic signals and / or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data are compared with one another on different time scales, an assessment of a vital function of the human body being carried out based on the comparison. The method can be carried out in particular with a system designed according to the invention. Further advantages and refinements of the invention result from the description and the accompanying drawing.

The invention is shown schematically in the drawing using exemplary embodiments and is described below with reference to the drawing.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system according to the invention

Figure 2 shows a schematic block view of the essential components of a NV center magnetometer, as it can be used within the scope of the invention.

Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of a user on a support body according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 4 shows schematically an analysis of longitudinal biomagnetic field data on different time scales according to the invention.

Figure 5 shows schematically an analysis of longitudinal biomagnetic field data from several users on different time scales,

Embodiment(s) of the invention

Figure 1 shows schematically a system 1 according to a possible embodiment of the invention.

The system 1 for analyzing magnetic signals that are generated by a human body 20 includes at least one measuring device 13 for detecting magnetic signals, an evaluation unit 19 which is set up to receive the detected magnetic signals at regular time intervals and continuously together with an assigned measurement time (hinted through the calendar) and to derive so-called longitudinal biomagnetic field data 4 from the magnetic signals. The detected magnetic signals or the biomagnetic field data are compared with one another on different time scales, with an evaluation of a vital function of the human body 20 being carried out by the evaluation unit 19 based on the comparison.

For the analysis of the longitudinal biomagnetic field data 4 by the system 1, additional data sources, for example previous preliminary findings 2, which can be obtained from an external data source 8, are preferably included. In addition, anonymized data 7 from other similarly structured or similar systems 100 can be accessed. For data transmission, the evaluation unit 19 has a communication module 19. The system 1 can therefore use the biomagnetic field data 4 to derive a reasonable suspicion of a fault on different time scales and, if necessary, issue a warning 5 and/or initiate appropriate steps, for example by informing an emergency service 6.

Figure 2 shows schematically the essential components of a NV center magnetometer, as it can be used advantageously as a measuring device in a system according to the invention. Initially, a diamond 110 with nitrogen vacancies (NV) is present as a sensor medium. The optical excitation of the NV centers can be achieved by a suitable light source 120 such as a pump laser. For example, a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser or semiconductor laser in the green range of around 510-532nm is suitable here, for example at 532nm for off-resonance excitation. Alternatively, LEDs in suitable wavelength ranges can also be used. Depending on the arrangement, the light from the light source 120 can be irradiated into the diamond 110 via suitable optical elements 122 such as mirrors, beam splitters, focusing optics such as lenses and, if necessary, via fiber optic elements. In addition, the excitation light can be irradiated by the laser continuously or in pulses, so that, for example, time windows are kept free for interference-free fluorescent light measurement. Further, the magnetometer may include a microwave source 150 capable of generating an electromagnetic field across a bandwidth covering the desired resonant frequency in the sensor medium, ie, in the region of the NV centers of the diamond 110. A microwave resonator structure may can be used to homogeneously distribute the generated microwaves over the volume of the measuring area in the diamond. The resonator structure or the microwave source 150 is preferably tuned to the frequency of the electron spin resonances. To enable vector magnetometry, an additional static bias magnetic field 140 is generated. This makes the measurement intrinsically vectorial. For this purpose, different spatial directions are used in the crystal structure. A Helmholtz coil, for example, is suitable for generating such a magnetic field 140, in which a substantially homogeneous magnetic field can be generated in a limited area by means of a pair of coils.

The resulting fluorescent light 112 from the diamond 110 can in turn be guided via suitable optical elements 134 such as optical filters, beam splitters, lenses, and / or fiber-optic elements to a first photodetector 130, which is sensitive at least in the range of the fluorescence wavelength. The first photodetector 130 can also be arranged directly on the diamond 110. A second photodetector 132 is arranged so that it can detect at least part of the excitation light from the light source 120, which can be coupled out, for example, through a beam splitter, a filter or a partially transparent element. This detector signal 132 of the excitation light can be used as a reference signal in order to eliminate background signals and highlight the resonance signal of interest, for example by modulating the excitation light using a lock-in amplifier. Additionally or alternatively, this reference signal can be used to take fluctuations in the excitation light into account. Corresponding circuits 160 such as a preamplifier, a logarithmic amplifier, a lock-in amplifier, signal filters or others are therefore provided in order to receive the signals from the first and second photodetectors and to preprocess the signals in a suitable manner for further evaluation. Finally, the preprocessed fluorescence signal can be processed by a signal processing unit 170 be evaluated, for example with a suitable microcontroller or processor, in order to obtain the desired parameters of the detected magnetic field from the signal, in particular the magnetic field strength and the direction of the magnetic field.

It goes without saying that such a device can also have further units, not shown, such as communication units or interfaces for outputting the measurement results. Such a device can also advantageously be integrated into an ASIC or FPGA.

In order to be usable in an everyday environment, magnetic fields that do not come from desired weak sources should be eliminated from the measurement as far as possible, in particular the earth's magnetic field in the range of 10' ⁵ Tesla (a few microtesla). In contrast, cardiac magnetic fields are in the range of 10-100 by ^10-12 Tesla (Picotesla).

The elimination of the background magnetic fields can be achieved by a shield or by a gradiometer arrangement during the magnetic field measurement according to exemplary embodiments. Sensor units that are able to record not only the field strength but also the gradient of the field are generally referred to as gradiometers.

For this purpose, at least two individual magnetometer units can be used, which are arranged at spatially different locations.

A possible embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in FIG. A measuring device 13 for detecting magnetic signals is shown, which has a base body 11 with a support surface 11a and at least one arrangement 12 of at least two nitrogen vacancy centers, NV, magnetometer units, the at least one arrangement 12 in the base body 11 is embedded. The base body is designed to accommodate a user 20 sitting or lying on the support surface. The measuring device 13 is used to detect magnetic signals that are generated by a beating heart (M), but can in principle detect all magnetic signals, in particular biosignals, i.e. those that emanate from living beings. For illustrative purposes, the figure has a coordinate system, with the drawing plane representing the xz plane and the y-axis extending into the drawing plane. In Figure 3, a mattress is shown as a base body 11 as an example. It is also possible to design the base body, for example, as a blanket, pillow, mattress topper, armchair, seat, car seat, etc.

Figure 4 a) - c) shows an example of possible evaluation of the detected magnetic signals. In the example according to Fig. 4 a), a table 400 is created in which an assigned value 412 is stored for each day 410, the value 412 being calculated using the magnetic signals measured on that day and, in this example, a nighttime heart rate represented in peace. The values 412 for each day 410 can now be compared with one another (416), for example to record a trend or to recognize sudden changes. For example, a health index can be calculated from the course of the values 412. In addition to the detected magnetic signals, other biosignals can be included, which are detected by additional sensors.

In the example according to FIG. 4 b), a table 420 is created, in which an assigned value 432 is stored for each day 430, which is calculated using the magnetic signals measured on that day, and in this example also a nocturnal heart rate at rest represented. A comparison of a current value 432 with the values of the previous days (426) is carried out and, for example through pattern recognition, deviations can be determined that indicate a pathological change in the state of health.

In the example according to Fig. 4c), a table 440 is created in which an assigned value 452 is stored for each hour 450 of a day, which is calculated using the magnetic signals measured in this hour and which, in this example, is the maximum heart rate during this hour represented. Various comparisons 456, 458 can now be carried out in order to short-term Detect changes in heart rate. These changes can be attributed to specific events by incorporating additional data sources.

This is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 5. Here, the curves 62, 64, 66 of a respective magnetic signal recorded for three different people during the same period of time are shown between a value 63, 65, 67 derived therefrom, which represents, for example, sleep quality. It is noticeable that on day 72, a decrease in the recorded value was noted in all people. This can be explained, for example, by a specific weather event (e.g. midsummer night) if the people were in the same region. This can be verified by including other sources of information (weather services, Internet, etc.) and taken into account in the further evaluation of the magnetic signals.

CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA/EP

Claims

Expectations 1. System (1) for analyzing magnetic signals that are generated by a human body (20), comprising at least one measuring device (13) for detecting magnetic signals (4), an evaluation unit (19) which is set up to detect the detected to store magnetic signals at regular intervals and continuously and/or over a certain period of time together with an assigned measurement time and to derive longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) from the magnetic signals and to store the recorded magnetic signals and/or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) on different time scales (3 ) to compare with each other, whereby an evaluation of a vital function of the human body (20) can be carried out by the evaluation unit (19) based on the comparison. 2. System (1) according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device (13) is designed to detect magnetic signals that are generated by a beating heart (M) and a base body (11) with a support surface (11a), and an arrangement (12) consisting of at least two nitrogen defect centers, NV, magnetometer units, the arrangement (12) being embedded in the base body (11) and the base body (1) being designed to hold a human body (20 ) sitting or lying on the support surface (11a). 3. System according to claim 2, wherein the base body (11) has elastic material between the arrangement (12) and the support surface (11a) and in particular as a cushion, a mattress, a lounger, a mat, a bed, a seat or a Chair is designed. 4. System according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the measuring device (13) is set up to use each of the at least two NV Magnetometer units to detect a magnetic field strength and field direction, each of the at least two NV magnetometer units having a diamond crystal or a section of a diamond crystal with nitrogen vacancy centers as a sensor medium (110), the device being set up to detect a magnetic field strength and / or To detect the field direction by reading out a spin resonance in the sensor medium (110), which is dependent on the magnetic field strength, and wherein the device furthermore has at least one excitation light source (120) for radiating light (124) into the sensor medium (110), at least one microwave source (150). Generating a resonant field in the sensor medium and at least one photodetector (130) for detecting resonance-dependent fluorescent light (112) from the sensor medium (110). 5. System (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the evaluation unit (19) or the measuring device (13) has a signal processing unit to which the at least two NV magnetometer units are connected, the system being set up to do so by means of which Signal processing unit to determine an effective magnetic field strength and / or field direction as a difference between magnetic field strengths or field directions detected by means of the at least two NV magnetometer units as magnetic signals. 6. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (19) is designed to compare the magnetic signals and / or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) on a time scale of a few minutes, in particular a change in the electrical heart axis and / or ST extensions or ST depressions can be seen. 7. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (19) is designed to compare the magnetic signals and / or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) on a time scale of hours to days, in particular right heart stress signs and / or Increases in periods of tachycardic cardiac arrhythmias are evident. 8. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (19) is designed to compare the magnetic signals and / or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) on a time scale of months to years, in particular long-term changes in the resting heart rate and the heart rate variability can be seen. 9. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more additional sensor devices, in particular pressure sensors and / or temperature sensors and / or microphones are included in the system (1), which detect additional biosignals of the human body, the additional biosignals be included in the evaluation of the vital function by the evaluation unit (19). 10. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein further measures (5, 6) can be initiated depending on the assessment of the vital function. 11. System (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system (1) has a communication unit (17) which is designed to send and/or receive data (2, 7). 12. System (1) according to claim 11, wherein data (7) is received from at least one other system (100), which is designed according to claim 11, and is included in the evaluation of the vital function by the evaluation unit (19). 13. System (1) according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the communication unit (17) is set up to transmit an assessment of the vital function to an external device. 14. Method for analyzing magnetic signals generated by a human body, using at least one Measuring device (13) detects magnetic signals from a human body (20), the detected magnetic signals are stored together with an assigned measurement time, longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) are derived from the magnetic signals and the detected magnetic signals and / or the longitudinal biomagnetic field data (4) are compared with each other on different time scales, an assessment of a vital function of the human body (20) being carried out based on the comparison.