WO2024043249A1 - 環状ペプチドまたはその塩、およびmdmx阻害剤 - Google Patents
環状ペプチドまたはその塩、およびmdmx阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/64—Cyclic peptides containing only normal peptide links
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- C07K4/00—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in an undefined or only partially defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cyclic peptide having cell membrane permeability and MDMX inhibitory action, and an MDMX inhibitor.
- the human transcription factor protein p53 plays an important role in protecting cells from malignant transformation by inducing cell growth arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage and cellular stress.
- MDM2 and MDMX are known as oncoproteins that interact with p53, negatively regulate p53 function, and inhibit its transcriptional activity. MDM2 and MDMX are found to be amplified or overexpressed in many cancers and are involved in the development and progression of human cancer. Inhibitors of p53-MDM2 interaction and p53-MDMX interaction are expected to be anticancer agents because they can restore p53 activity.
- MDMX2 inhibitors such as Nutlin-3a, which is a low molecular weight compound, efficiently kill cancer cells having the wild-type p53 gene.
- MDMX inhibitors no effective compound has been reported regarding MDMX inhibitors, and a treatment method for cancer cells overexpressing MDMX has not yet been established.
- peptide compounds (molecular weight 500-2000) can interact with a target called protein-protein interaction (PPI) and have the potential to impart cell membrane permeability. Attention has been paid.
- cyclic peptides have advantages over linear peptides, such as improved target binding with target proteins, specificity, cell membrane permeability, and metabolic stability.
- cyclic peptides derived from natural products such as cyclosporin are commercially available as pharmaceuticals.
- cyclic peptides with 10 amino acid residues or more are preferable, but cyclic peptides with 10 amino acid residues or more generally do not have high cell membrane permeability. I know that.
- Patent Document 1 describes an MDM2/MDMX dual inhibitor that is a cyclic peptide that uses the ⁇ -helical region of p53 as a drug discovery seed and utilizes staple crosslinking.
- Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 describe an MDM2/MDMX dual inhibitor that is a cyclic peptide that mimics the TA domain of p53 by combining ⁇ -turn sequences to form a ⁇ -sheet structure through cyclosporine-like molecular design. is listed.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes an MDMX inhibitor that utilizes a low-molecular compound that can bind to the MDMX pocket instead of the TA domain of p53, in addition to the conformationally controlled cyclic peptide described above.
- Cyclic peptides have high target binding properties, but low cell membrane permeability.
- low molecular weight compounds have a general problem of high cell membrane permeability but low target binding properties.
- cell membrane permeability is improved by designing a cyclic peptide to control the conformation desirable for cell membrane permeation.
- problems still remain, and new designs are required to impart cell membrane permeability.
- MDMX inhibitors are thought to be effective therapeutic agents in various cancer treatments, and various MDMX inhibitors have been developed, from low molecular weight compounds to peptide compounds. However, no inhibitor has been obtained that satisfies both target binding to MDMX and cell membrane permeability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cyclic peptide or a salt thereof having excellent cell membrane permeability and excellent target binding ability with MDMX.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an MDMX inhibitor containing the above-mentioned cyclic peptide or a salt thereof.
- a cyclic peptide or a salt thereof having the characteristics (a) to (d) defined herein has excellent cell membrane permeability and excellent cell membrane permeability. It was found that it has target binding properties with MDMX.
- the present invention was completed based on the above findings. According to the present invention, the following inventions are provided.
- a cyclic peptide or a salt thereof which is represented by the following formula (1) and has the following characteristics (a) to (d).
- n Xaa each independently represent any amino acid residue or any amino acid analog residue
- m Xbb each independently represent any amino acid residue or any amino acid analog residue
- n+m represents an integer from 5 to 50;
- the molecular shape factor r calculated by the following formula (2) is within the range of 0.4 to 0.6;
- the peptide is nonionic in a physiological environment;
- the ratio of the number of N-substituted amino acids to the total number of amino acids in the peptide is 25% or more;
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 , Q 6 , Q 7 , Q 8 and Q 9 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkenyl group, and an optionally substituted alkynyl group.
- aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, non-aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent , a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
- P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , P 5 , P 6 , P 7 , P 8 and P 9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a substituent an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, an alkynyl group which may have a substituent, an aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, a non-aromatic group which may have a substituent
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 or at least two of Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 and Q 6 are aromatic carbons which may have a substituent
- P 1 , P 2 , P 4 , P 5 , P 7 and P 9 are an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or an alkenyl group which may have a substituent.
- cyclic peptide or salt thereof which is an aromatic heterocyclic group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- R 1 or Q 1 and P 1 form a heterocycle in ⁇ 2> together with the carbon atom to which R 1 or Q 1 is bonded and the nitrogen atom to which P 1 is bonded. Cyclic peptide or salt thereof as described.
- R 4 or Q 4 and R 5 or Q 5 are any L-amino acid residue and D-amino acid residue or any L-amino acid analog residue and D-amino acid analog residue, respectively.
- the cyclic peptide or salt thereof according to ⁇ 2>, which is a combination of ⁇ 7> R 3 or Q 3 and R 6 or Q 6 are an optionally substituted aromatic carbocyclic group or an optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group; A certain cyclic peptide or a salt thereof according to ⁇ 2>.
- ⁇ 8> The cyclic peptide or a salt thereof according to ⁇ 2>, wherein n in formula (2) is 1.
- An MDMX inhibitor comprising the cyclic peptide according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8> or a salt thereof.
- ⁇ A> A method for inhibiting MDMX, which comprises administering to a subject the cyclic peptide or salt thereof according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>.
- ⁇ B> The cyclic peptide according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8> or a salt thereof for use in a treatment that inhibits MDMX.
- ⁇ C> Use of the cyclic peptide or a salt thereof according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8> for producing an MDMX inhibitor.
- the cyclic peptide or its salt and MDMX inhibitor of the present invention have excellent cell membrane permeability and excellent target binding with MDMX.
- FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure of a two-dimensionally drawn structural formula of a cyclic peptide.
- Figure 2 shows an ellipsoidal approximation of the structure of a cyclic peptide.
- ⁇ indicates a range that includes the numerical values described before and after it as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- Amino acid refers to a molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group.
- the amino acid may be either a natural amino acid or a non-natural amino acid, and may be either a D- or L-isomer.
- the amino acid may be an ⁇ -amino acid.
- ⁇ -Amino acid refers to a molecule containing an amino group and a carboxyl group attached to a carbon designated as the ⁇ -carbon.
- Natural amino acids include alanine (A), arginine (R), asparagine (N), cysteine (C), aspartic acid (D), glutamine (Q), glutamic acid (E), glycine (G), histidine (H), Isorosine (I), leucine (L), lysine (K), methionine (M), phenylalanine (F), proline (P), serine (S), threonine (T), tryptophan (W), tyrosine (Y) and Indicates either valine (V).
- Unnatural amino acids refer to amino acids other than the 20 types of natural amino acids mentioned above.
- Amino acid analog means a molecule that is structurally similar to an amino acid and can be used in place of an amino acid in the production of cyclic peptides.
- Amino acid analogs include ⁇ -amino acids and amino acids whose amino or carboxyl groups are substituted with similarly reactive groups (e.g., substitution of a primary amine with a secondary or tertiary amine, or a carboxyl group). substitution with an ester), but is not particularly limited.
- ⁇ -amino acid refers to a molecule containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group in the ⁇ configuration.
- unnatural amino acid residues and amino acid analog residues include the following, but are not particularly limited.
- Amino acid analogs include ⁇ -amino acid analogs.
- ⁇ -amino acid analogs include, but are not limited to: cyclic ⁇ -amino acid analogs; ⁇ -alanine; (R)- ⁇ -phenylalanine; (R)-1,2,3 ,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3-acetic acid; (R)-3-amino-4-(1-naphthyl)-butyric acid; (R)-3-amino-4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)butyric acid; (R) )-3-amino-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-butyric acid; (R)-3-amino-4-(2-cyanophenyl)-butyric acid; (R)-3-amino-4-(2-fluorophenyl )-butyric acid; (R)-3-amino-4-(2-furyl)-butyric acid; (R)-3-a
- Amino acid analogs include analogs of alanine, valine, glycine or leucine.
- Examples of amino acid analogs of alanine, valine, glycine, and leucine include, but are not limited to: ⁇ -methoxyglycine; ⁇ -allyl-L-alanine; ⁇ -aminoisobutyric acid; ⁇ -methyl -Leucine; ⁇ -(1-naphthyl)-D-alanine; ⁇ -(1-naphthyl)-L-alanine; ⁇ -(2-naphthyl)-D-alanine; ⁇ -(2-naphthyl)-L-alanine ; ⁇ -(2-pyridyl)-D-alanine; ⁇ -(2-pyridyl)-L-alanine; ⁇ -(2-thienyl)-D-alanine; ⁇ -(2-thienyl)-L-alanine;
- Amino acid analogs include phenylalanine and tyrosine analogs.
- amino acid analogs of phenylalanine and tyrosine include: ⁇ -methyl-phenylalanine, ⁇ -hydroxyphenylalanine, ⁇ -methyl-3-methoxy-DL-phenylalanine, ⁇ -methyl-D-phenylalanine, ⁇ -Methyl-L-phenylalanine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, 2,4-dichloro-phenylalanine, 2-(trifluoromethyl)-D-phenylalanine, 2-(trifluoromethyl) -L-phenylalanine, 2-bromo-D-phenylalanine, 2-bromo-L-phenylalanine, 2-chloro-D-phenylalanine, 2-chloro-L-phenylalanine, 2-cyano-D-phenylalanine, 2-cyano-L -
- Amino acid analogs include proline analogs.
- Examples of amino acid analogs of proline include, but are not limited to: 3,4-dehydro-proline, 4-fluoro-proline, cis-4-hydroxy-proline, thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid. , and trans-4-fluoro-proline.
- Amino acid analogs include serine and threonine analogs.
- Examples of amino acid analogs of serine and threonine include, but are not limited to: 3-amino-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid, 2-amino-3-hydroxy-4-methylpentane. acid, 2-amino-3-ethoxybutanoic acid, 2-amino-3-methoxybutanoic acid, 4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid, 2-amino-3-benzyloxypropionic acid, 2-amino -3-benzyloxypropionic acid, 2-amino-3-ethoxypropionic acid, 4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, and ⁇ -methylserine.
- Amino acid analogs include tryptophan analogs.
- Examples of amino acid analogs of tryptophan include, but are not limited to: ⁇ -methyl-tryptophan; ⁇ -(3-benzothienyl)-D-alanine; ⁇ -(3-benzothienyl)- L-alanine; 1-methyl-tryptophan; 4-methyl-tryptophan; 5-benzyloxy-tryptophan; 5-bromo-tryptophan; 5-chloro-tryptophan; 5-fluoro-tryptophan; 5-hydroxy-tryptophan; 5-hydroxy -L-tryptophan; 5-methoxy-tryptophan; 5-methoxy-L-tryptophan; 5-methyl-tryptophan; 6-bromo-tryptophan; 6-chloro-D-tryptophan; 6-chloro-tryptophan; 6-fluoro-tryptophan ; 6-Methyl-tryptophan; 7-benzyloxy-tryp
- the amino acid analog is racemic.
- the D isomer of the amino acid analog may be used, or the L isomer of the amino acid analog may be used.
- Amino acid analogs may also contain chiral centers that are in the R or S configuration.
- the amino group(s) of the ⁇ -amino acid analogs may be substituted with protecting groups such as tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC group), 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (FMOC), tosyl, etc. good.
- protecting groups such as tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC group), 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (FMOC), tosyl, etc. good.
- the carboxylic acid functionality of the ⁇ -amino acid analog may be protected, for example as an ester derivative thereof.
- salts of amino acid analogs may also be used.
- the alkyl group includes a straight chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups may also have at least one carbon atom substituted with a heteroatom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or silicon.
- An alkenyl group is a straight chain or branched chain having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds at any position. It includes a hydrocarbon group of the form.
- at least one carbon atom may be substituted with a heteroatom.
- Alkynyl group refers to a straight chain or branched group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds at any position. hydrocarbon groups. Furthermore, it may have a double bond at any position. Examples include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl, and the like. Further, in these alkynyl groups, at least one carbon atom may be substituted with a heteroatom.
- An aromatic carbocyclic group is a carbocyclic group containing a single aromatic ring or multiple aromatic rings.
- the aromatic carbocyclic group preferably has 5 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 5 to 18 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 5 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Aromatic carbocyclic groups include phenyl, naphthyl, and the like.
- a non-aromatic carbocyclic group is a carbocyclic group containing a single non-aromatic ring or multiple non-aromatic rings.
- the number of carbon atoms in the non-aromatic carbocyclic group is preferably 3 to 24, more preferably 3 to 18, and still more preferably 3 to 14.
- Non-aromatic carbocyclic groups include saturated and unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl.
- An aromatic heterocyclic group has 1 to 3 heteroatoms if monocyclic, 1 to 6 heteroatoms if bicyclic, or 1 to 9 heteroatoms if tricyclic. , represents an aromatic 5- to 8-membered monocyclic, 8- to 12-membered bicyclic, or 11- to 14-membered tricyclic ring system. Heteroatoms can be selected from O, N or S.
- aromatic heterocyclic groups include pyridyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyrrolyl group, furyl group, furanyl group, thiophenyl group, thienyl group, indolyl group, isoindolyl group, indolizinyl group, imidazolyl group, pyridonyl group, pyrimidyl group, and pyrazinyl group.
- oxazolyl group, thiazolyl group, purinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzimidazolyl group, benzofuranyl group, and benzoxazolyl group but are not limited thereto.
- a non-aromatic heterocyclic group is one having 1 to 3 heteroatoms in the case of a monocyclic type, 1 to 6 heteroatoms in the case of a bicyclic type, or 1 to 9 heteroatoms in the case of a tricyclic type. represents a non-aromatic 5- to 8-membered monocyclic, 8- to 12-membered bicyclic, or 11- to 14-membered tricyclic ring system. Heteroatoms can be selected from O, N or S.
- Non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, dioxanyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and the like.
- the heterocycle includes the above-mentioned aromatic heterocyclic groups and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups.
- substituent means any of the chemical groups listed above (alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aromatic carbocyclic group, non-aromatic carbocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group)
- alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aromatic carbocyclic group, non-aromatic carbocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group In the formula group and non-aromatic heterocyclic group), one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with an atom or chemical group other than hydrogen.
- Substituents include halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, etc.), hydroxy, mercapto, oxo, nitro, haloalkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon Aralkyl having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, thioalkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryloxy having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, amino, alkoxycarbonyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, amide, carboxy, carbon number Examples include, but are not limited to, alkanesulfonyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkylcarbonyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cyano group.
- n Xaa each independently represent any amino acid residue or any amino acid analog residue
- m Xbb each independently represent any amino acid residue or any amino acid analog residue
- n+m represents an integer from 5 to 50.
- n+m preferably represents an integer of 5 to 50, more preferably an integer of 5 to 20, and even more preferably an integer of 9 to 11.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention has high permeability into cells and high target binding to MDMX. Since the cyclic peptide of the present invention can inhibit MDMX-p53 interaction, it is useful in the treatment of cancers such as solid tumors in which MDMX is overexpressed.
- the molecular shape factor r calculated by formula (2) is preferably 0.4 to 0.6, more preferably 0.4 to 0.55.
- Non-ionic under physiological circumstances means that the peptide does not have substituents that are charged under physiological circumstances.
- the ratio of the number of N-substituted amino acids to the total number of amino acids in the peptide is 25% or more.
- An N-substituted amino acid is an amino acid having a substituent on the nitrogen atom of the amino group of the amino acid.
- the ratio of the number of N-substituted amino acids to the total number of amino acids in the peptide is preferably 25% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and still more preferably 50% or more.
- Peptides include amino acid residues and amino acid analog residues having an aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent in the side chain. Contains 1 to 3 groups.
- the peptide contains amino acid residues and amino acid analog residues having an optionally substituted aromatic carbocyclic group or an optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group in the side chain. Contains two groups. More preferably, the peptide comprises one amino acid residue or amino acid analog residue having an aromatic carbocyclic group in the side chain which may have a substituent, and an aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent. It contains an amino acid residue having a group heterocyclic group in its side chain and one amino acid analog residue.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention is preferably represented by the following formula (3).
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 , Q 6 , Q 7 , Q 8 and Q 9 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkenyl group, and an optionally substituted alkynyl group.
- aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, non-aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent group, a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent
- P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , P 5 , P 6 , P 7 , P 8 and P 9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a substituted Alkenyl group which may have a group, alkynyl group which may have a substituent, aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent, non-aromatic which may have a substituent
- At least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 or at least one of Q 3 , Q 4 , Q 5 and Q 6 is an aromatic carbon which may have a substituent. It is a cyclic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- P 1 , P 2 , P 4 , P 5 , P 7 and P 9 are an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or an alkenyl group which may have a substituent.
- an alkynyl group that may have a substituent an aromatic carbocyclic group that may have a substituent, a non-aromatic carbocyclic group that may have a substituent, and an alkynyl group that may have a substituent. It is an aromatic heterocyclic group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.
- R 1 or Q 1 and P 1 together with the carbon atom to which R 1 or Q 1 is attached and the nitrogen atom to which P 1 is attached form a heterocycle.
- R 4 or Q 4 and R 5 or Q 5 are any L-amino acid residue and D-amino acid residue or any L-amino acid analog residue and D-amino acid analog residue, respectively. It is a combination of
- R 3 or Q 3 and R 6 or Q 6 are an aromatic carbocyclic group that may have a substituent or an aromatic heterocyclic group that may have a substituent. .
- n in formula (2) is 1.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention may be modified such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, adenylylation, ADP ribosylation, and glycosylation depending on the purpose.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention may be a salt. Salts are preferably salts with physiologically acceptable inorganic and organic acids and bases. Examples of suitable acid salts include: acetate, adipate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, butyrate, citrate, digluconate, dodecyl sulfate, formate, fumarate.
- salts derived from appropriate bases include alkali metal (eg, sodium) salts, alkaline earth metal (eg, magnesium) salts, ammonium salts, and N-(alkyl)4+ salts.
- the method for producing the cyclic peptide of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention may be produced by a method using a cell-free translation system or by a chemical peptide synthesis method. Chemical synthesis of peptides can generally be performed using an automatic peptide synthesizer.
- Peptides may be synthesized by solid phase synthesis or liquid phase synthesis, but preferably solid phase synthesis.
- Solid-phase synthesis of peptides is known to those skilled in the art, and includes, for example, combining the hydroxyl group of a resin with a hydroxyl group and the first amino acid whose ⁇ -amino group is protected with a protecting group (usually the C-terminus of the desired peptide).
- Carboxy group of amino acid undergoes esterification reaction.
- dehydration condensation agents such as 1-mesitylenesulfonyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (MSNT), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), and diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIPCDI) can be used.
- MSNT 1-mesitylenesulfonyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole
- DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- DIPCDI diisopropylcarbodiimide
- the ⁇ -amino group of the second amino acid is deprotected, a third amino acid with all functional groups other than the carboxy group of the main chain protected is added, the carboxy group is activated, and the second and Attach a third amino acid.
- resins for solid phase synthesis include Merrifield resin, MBHA resin, Cl-Trt resin, SASRIN resin, Wang resin, Rink amide resin, HMFS resin, Amino-PEGA resin (Merck), HMPA-PEGA resin (Merck), etc. It will be done.
- These resins may be used after being washed with a solvent (dimethylformamide (DMF), 2-propanol, methylene chloride, etc.).
- a solvent dimethylformamide (DMF), 2-propanol, methylene chloride, etc.
- protecting groups for ⁇ -amino groups benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz or Z) group, tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) group, fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group, benzyl group, allyl group, allyloxycarbonyl (Alloc) group, ) groups, etc.
- Cbz groups can be deprotected by hydrofluoric acid, hydrogenation, etc.
- Boc groups can be deprotected by trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)
- Fmoc groups can be deprotected by treatment with piperidine.
- the ⁇ -carboxy group can be protected using methyl ester, ethyl ester, benzyl ester, tert-butyl ester, cyclohexyl ester, etc.
- the hydroxyl group of serine and threonine can be protected with a benzyl group or tert-butyl group, and the hydroxyl group of tyrosine can be protected with a 2-bromobenzyloxycarbonyl group or tert-butyl group.
- the amino group of the lysine side chain and the carboxy group of glutamic acid and aspartic acid can be protected in the same way as the ⁇ -amino group and ⁇ -carboxy group.
- Activation of the carboxy group can be performed using a condensing agent.
- Examples of the condensing agent include dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIPCDI), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC or WSC), (1H benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris( Examples include dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methyl]-1H-benzotriazolium-3-oxide hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), and the like.
- the peptide chain can be cleaved from the resin by treatment with an acid such as TFA or hydrogen fluoride (HF).
- Peptide cyclization methods utilize, for example, amide bonds, carbon-carbon bonds, thioether bonds, disulfide bonds, ester bonds, thioester bonds, lactam bonds, bonds via triazole structures, bonds via fluorophore structures, etc. Examples include cyclization.
- the peptide compound synthesis step and the cyclization reaction step may be separated or may proceed continuously. Cyclization can be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in WO2013/100132, WO2008/117833, WO2012/074129, and the like.
- Examples of the cyclization moiety include, but are not limited to, a bond between the N-terminus of the peptide and the C-terminus, a bond between the N-terminus of the peptide and the side chain of another amino acid residue, and a bond between the C-terminus of the peptide and the side chain of another amino acid residue. It may be a bond or a bond between side chains of amino acid residues, and two or more of these may be used in combination.
- an MDMX inhibitor comprising the cyclic peptide of the present invention or a salt thereof.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention or a salt thereof has an MDMX inhibitory effect.
- MDMX inhibitory effect refers to the effect of inhibiting the binding between MDMX and p53.
- NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention can be used in a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of diseases involving MDMX inhibitors.
- the administration form of the pharmaceutical composition is not particularly limited, and may be administered orally or parenterally.
- parenteral administration include injection administration such as intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, and subcutaneous injection, transdermal administration, and transmucosal administration (nasal, oral, ophthalmic, pulmonary, vaginal, and rectal). administration, etc.
- the cyclic peptide in the pharmaceutical composition can be subjected to various modifications in view of its tendency to be easily metabolized and excreted.
- polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a sugar chain can be added to a cyclic polypeptide to increase its residence time in blood and reduce its antigenicity.
- biodegradable polymer compounds such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and PLGA, porous hydroxyapatite, liposomes, surface-modified liposomes, emulsions prepared with unsaturated fatty acids, nanoparticles, nanospheres, etc. with sustained release groups. It may be used as an agent and encapsulate a cyclic peptide therein.
- a weak electrical current can be applied to the skin surface to penetrate the stratum corneum.
- the pharmaceutical composition may use the active ingredient as it is, or may be formulated by adding a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, additive, etc.
- Dosage forms include, for example, liquids (e.g. injections), dispersions, suspensions, tablets, pills, powders, suppositories, powders, fine granules, granules, capsules, syrups, troches, Examples include inhalants, ointments, eye drops, nasal drops, ear drops, poultices, and the like.
- Formulation includes, for example, excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, solubilizers, solubilizers, colorants, flavoring agents, stabilizers, emulsifiers, absorption enhancers, surfactants, and pH adjustment. It can be carried out by a conventional method using appropriate agents, preservatives, antioxidants, etc.
- ingredients used in formulation include purified water, saline, phosphate buffer, dextrose, glycerol, pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvents such as ethanol, animal and vegetable oils, lactose, mannitol, glucose, sorbitol, crystals.
- Absorption enhancers that improve the absorption of cyclic peptides include surfactants such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers, sodium lauryl sulfate, and saponin; bile salts such as glycocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and taurocholic acid; EDTA and salicylic acids.
- Chelating agents such as caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, mixed micelles and other fatty acids; enamine derivatives, N-acyl collagen peptides, N-acyl amino acids, cyclodextrins, chitosan, monoxide A nitrogen donor or the like may also be used.
- Pills or tablets can also be coated with sugar-coated, gastric or enteric substances.
- Injectables can include distilled water for injection, physiological saline, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oil, alcohols, and the like.
- wetting agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, solubilizers, solubilizers, preservatives, etc. can be added.
- the cyclic peptide and MDMX inhibitor of the present invention can be used as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, DDS (Drug Delivery System) materials, etc., but are not limited thereto.
- the cyclic peptides and MDMX inhibitors of the present invention are useful in competitive binding assays to identify drugs that bind to MDMX.
- labeled cyclic peptides of the invention can be used in MDMX binding assays with small molecules that competitively bind to MDMX.
- Competitive binding assays allow rapid in vitro evaluation and determination of drug candidates specific for the p53/MDMX system. Such binding studies can be performed using the cyclic peptides of the invention.
- the cyclic peptide of the present invention can also be used for producing antibodies against the cyclic peptide of the present invention.
- the cyclic peptides and MDMX inhibitors of the invention can be used to treat subjects with disorders associated with aberrant (eg, insufficient or excessive) expression or activity of p53 or MDMX.
- the disorder is caused by abnormal levels (eg, overexpression or underexpression) of p53 or MDMX, or by the presence of p53 or MDMX that exhibit abnormal activity.
- the cyclic peptides and MDMX inhibitors of the present invention can be used to treat or prevent diseases such as hyperproliferative diseases and inflammatory disorders by interfering with the interaction or binding between p53 and MDMX.
- an effective amount of the cyclic peptide or MDMX inhibitor of the present invention can be administered to mammals including humans.
- the cyclic peptides and MDMX inhibitors of the present invention can be used to treat, prevent, and/or diagnose cancer and neoplastic diseases.
- cancer, hyperproliferative and neoplastic refer to abnormal conditions or diseases characterized by cells with the capacity for autonomous proliferation, ie, rapidly proliferating cell proliferation.
- cancer or neoplastic diseases include, but are not limited to: fibrosarcoma, sarcoma, liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, chordoma, angiosarcoma, endothelial Sarcoma, lymphangiosarcoma, intralymphatic sarcoma, synovial tumor, mesothelioma, Ewing tumor, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, uterine cancer , head and neck cancer, skin cancer, brain cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma, breast cancer (papillary carcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, etc.), cystadenocarcinoma, medullary carcinoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma,
- proliferative disorders include hematopoietic neoplastic disorders.
- Hematopoietic neoplastic disorders include diseases involving hyperplastic/neoplastic cells of hematopoietic origin, eg, originating from the myeloid, lymphoid or erythroid lineages, or their progenitors.
- the disease can be caused by undifferentiated acute leukemias, such as erythroblastic leukemia and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.
- Step 1 Amino acid support on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin
- 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin 100 to 200 mesh, 1% DVB, purchased from Watanabe Chemical Co., Ltd., 100 mg, 0.137 mmol
- dehydrated dichloromethane 2 mL
- a mixture of 4 molar equivalents of Fmoc amino acid in dichloromethane 0.5 M
- 5 molar equivalents of diisopropylethylamine was added to the reaction vessel and shaken for 2 hours.
- Step 2 Peptide solid-phase synthesis using an automatic peptide synthesizer
- Peptide solid-phase synthesis was performed using an automatic peptide synthesizer (Syro I manufactured by Biotage). For detailed operating procedures, the manual provided with the synthesizer was followed.
- Step 3 Excision from the resin To excise the linear peptide from the resin, a 20:80 hexafluoroisopropanol:dichloromethane solution (2 mL) was added to the resin, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was collected by filtration. The reaction was repeated two more times using a 20:80 hexafluoroisopropanol:dichloromethane solution (2 mL), and the reaction solution was collected by filtration. All the collected reaction solutions were combined, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the mixture was sufficiently dried to obtain a crudely purified linear peptide.
- Step 4 Cyclization reaction Add acetonitrile to the crude purified linear peptide to a concentration of 0.25 mM and dissolve.
- An acetonitrile solution containing 9 molar equivalents of diisopropylethylamine (1 M) and a 1:1 acetonitrile:tetrahydrofuran solution containing 4 molar equivalents of COMU (0.5 M) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was separated using ethyl acetate and water, the ethyl acetate layer was collected, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a crude cyclic peptide.
- Step 5 Purification of cyclic peptide The obtained crude product was purified by liquid chromatography. Finally, the desired cyclic peptide was obtained as a lyophilized powder.
- N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diylopropylethylamine, 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, 1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole, piperidine, and hexafluoroisopropanol were obtained from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Fmoc-amino acids were used in the synthesis of the cyclic peptides described herein. Furthermore, in the sequences shown in this specification, the following abbreviations are used. Fmoc-amino acids were purchased from Watanabe Chemical Co., Ltd., CHEM-IMPEX, Acrotein, or Amatek Chemical.
- Fmoc-NMe-Cha-OH, Fmoc-Nle-OH, Fmoc-Tle-OH, Fmoc-Phe(4-F)-OH, Fmoc-NMe-Ala-OH, Fmoc-D-NMe-Ala-OH, Fmoc -Ala(4-Thz)-OH, Fmoc-NMe-Ala-OH, and Fmoc-HomoSer(Me)-OH were condensed in this order. After the extension was completed, the resin was washed with NMP and dichloromethane, and then the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- Cyclic Peptides 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Cyclic Peptides 2 to 12 were synthesized in the same manner as Cyclic Peptide 1.
- Comparative Example 1 was synthesized by the method described in WO2021102322.
- Comparative Example 2 was synthesized by the method described in WO2013123266.
- Table 1 shows the sequences of the cyclic peptides.
- the left side shows the N-terminal amino acid residue
- the right side shows the C-terminal amino acid residue
- the cyclic peptide is formed by amide bonding at both ends of the peptide.
- Retention time was measured using ACQUITY SQD LC/MS System (Waters) and expressed in minutes (min).
- Solvent A solution: 0.1% formic acid - water
- B solution 0.1% formic acid - acetonitrile
- Flow rate 0.5mL/min
- Example 2 Alpha Screen assay for MDMX of the cyclic peptide according to the present invention was performed.
- MDMX was synthesized by solid-phase synthesis (24-108, His-tag at the N-terminus; PDB ID: 2MWY, https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2MWY).
- a p53 fragment peptide [manufactured by AnaSpec, p53(17-26) FITC-labeled] was used as a binding partner for MDMX.
- Anti-FITC AlphaScreen was used as donor beads.
- Anti-His tag AlphaLISA was used as the acceptor beads.
- the composition of the buffer used for the reaction was PBS, 0.1% BSA, and 0.01% Tween 20.
- Example 3 Cell membrane permeability evaluation of the cyclic peptide according to the present invention was carried out. 300 ⁇ L of 1.0 x 106 cells/mL MDCKII cells (ECACC standard cell line) were seeded in an insert (for 24 well plate, pore size 3.0 ⁇ m, manufactured by CORNING) and cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO2 environment. After 3 days, the electrical resistance value (measuring device) of the cell layer was measured and it was confirmed that it had high barrier properties (>100 ⁇ cm2).
- ⁇ Permeation test> After washing the insert by immersing it in HBSS (without phenol red, the same applies below), 200 ⁇ L of the sample prepared at 10 ⁇ M/HBSS was added, and the insert was placed in a low-adsorption 24-well plate containing 900 ⁇ L of HBSS ( 37°C 5% CO2 ). After 2 hours, the upper (apical) and lower (basal) layer solutions (10 ⁇ L for apical and 500 ⁇ L for basal) of the insert were collected. After testing, we confirmed that there was no leakage using Lucifer Yellow, an opaque fluorescent dye.
- V basal volume (0.9 mL)
- C0 initial concentration (10 ⁇ M)
- S Surface area of monolayer film (0.33 cm2)
- dC/dt basal concentration change [ ⁇ M/s]
- Example 4 Calculating the molecular shape factor r value using MD calculation
- the structural formula drawn in two dimensions of a cyclic peptide is input into Chem3D and structured in three dimensions ( Figure 1).
- the structure is optimized using a quantum chemical calculation method (B3LYP/6-31G*, software is Gaussian) to obtain a locally stable structure.
- the electrostatic field generated by the cyclic peptide is determined using a quantum chemical calculation method (B3LYP/6-31G*, software is Gaussian), and a point charge (RESP) is placed on each atom to reproduce the above electrostatic field. charge).
- the state of covalent bonds between each atom is analyzed (Amber) and van der Waals parameters (gaff2) are assigned to each atom.
- the book charge and the book van der Waals parameters together are called a force field.
- a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is performed in chloroform using the above locally stable structure as the initial structure (software is Gromacs and plumed).
- MD simulations we use the replica exchange MD method, which uses not only room temperature but also higher temperatures during simulation, as an efficient method to efficiently search a wide conformational space. Six temperatures were used (six types of replicas), as shown in the table below. Note that this temperature is applied only to the cyclic peptide, and 298 K is always applied to the chloroform present around the cyclic peptide.
- the three-dimensional coordinates of atoms belonging to the main chain of the above-mentioned most stable cyclic peptide are (X a,1 , X a,2 , X a,3 )
- a is a label that identifies an atom belonging to the main chain, and is an integer from 1 to N.
- N is the total number of atoms belonging to the main chain of the cyclic peptide.
- Calculate the r value for this three-dimensional coordinate Calculation of the r value can be performed using the following steps.
- the r value was determined according to the above. Table 4 summarizes the r values, IC 50 , and P app of the cyclic peptides.
- ⁇ IC 50 evaluation criteria A ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ M; 0.1 ⁇ B ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ M; 0.5 ⁇ M ⁇ C ⁇ 1 ⁇ M; 1 ⁇ M ⁇ D Ratings A, B, and C represent that the target binding property is sufficient, and rating D represents that sufficient target binding property is not obtained.
- the peptide is nonionic under physiological circumstances; (c) Ratio of the number of N-substituted amino acids to the total number of amino acids in the peptide; (d) Amino acid residues and amino acid analog residues having an aromatic carbocyclic group which may have a substituent or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent in the side chain in a peptide number of bases
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Abstract
Description
m個のXbbはそれぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
n+mは、5~50の整数を示し;
(a)環状ペプチドの構造において、主鎖構造の最も長い軸方向の軸長をaとし、aと直交し、互いに直交する他の2方向の軸長をb、cとした時に、a、b、cの各軸長を求める楕円体近似を行う段階を経て、下記式(2)で計算される分子形状因子rが0.4~0.6の範囲に含まれる;
(c)前記ペプチドの全アミノ酸数に対するN置換アミノ酸数の割合が25%以上である;
(d)前記ペプチドが、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基を1~3個含む。
<2> 下記式(3)で表される、<1>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8およびP9は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、又は置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基であり、あるいは、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8およびQ9が結合している炭素原子は、P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8およびP9が結合している窒素原子と一緒になって複素環を形成していてもよく、
n個のXaaは、それぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
nは、0~2の整数である。
<3> R3、R4、R5およびR6のうち少なくとも2つ、もしくはQ3、Q4、Q5およびQ6のうち少なくとも2つが、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基である、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<4> P1、P2、P4、P5、P7およびP9が、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、または置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基である、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<5> R1またはQ1およびP1は、R1またはQ1が結合している炭素原子およびP1が結合している窒素原子と一緒になって複素環を形成する、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<6> R4またはQ4、およびR5またはQ5は、それぞれ、任意のL-アミノ酸残基およびD-アミノ酸残基または任意のL-アミノ酸類縁体残基およびD-アミノ酸類縁体残基の組み合わせである、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<7> R3またはQ3、およびR6またはQ6が、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基である、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<8> 式(2)のnが1である、<2>に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<9> <1>から<8>の何れか一に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩を含む、MDMX阻害剤。
<B> MDMXを阻害する処置において使用するための<1>から<8>の何れか一に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
<C> MDMX阻害剤の製造のための、<1>から<8>の何れか一に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩の使用。
本明細書において「~」は、その前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値および最大値として含む範囲を示す。
アミノ酸は、アミノ基およびカルボキシル基の両方を含有する分子を意味する。アミノ酸としては、天然アミノ酸又は非天然アミノ酸のいずれでもよく、D-およびL-異性体のいずれでもよい。アミノ酸としては、α-アミノ酸でもよい。α-アミノ酸は、α- 炭素として指定される炭素に結合したアミノ基およびカルボキシル基を含有する分子を意味する。
非天然アミノ酸は、上記した20種類の天然アミノ酸以外のアミノ酸を意味する。
アミノ酸類縁体は、構造的にアミノ酸に類似し、環状ペプチドの製造においてアミノ酸の代わりに使用することができる分子を意味する。
本発明の環状ペプチドは、下記式(1)で表され、下記の(a)~(d)の特徴を有する。
m個のXbbはそれぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
n+mは、5~50の整数を示す。
N置換アミノ酸とは、アミノ酸のアミノ基の窒素原子に置換基を有するアミノ酸である。
ペプチドの全アミノ酸数に対するN置換アミノ酸数の割合は、好ましくは、25%以上であり、より好ましくは、40%以上であり、さらに好ましくは、50%以上である。
好ましくは、ペプチドは、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基を2個含む。
より好ましくは、ペプチドは、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基1個と、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基1個とを含む。
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、およびP9は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、又は置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基であり、あるいは、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8およびQ9が結合している炭素原子は、P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8およびP9が結合している窒素原子と一緒になって複素環を形成していてもよく、
n個のXaaは、それぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
nは、0~2の整数である。
本発明の環状ペプチドの製造方法は特に限定されない。本発明の環状ペプチドは、無細胞翻訳系を使用する方法で製造してもよいし、ペプチドの化学合成法により製造してもよい。ペプチドの化学合成は、一般的には自動ペプチド合成装置により行うことができる。
本発明によれば、本発明の環状ペプチドまたはその塩を含むMDMX阻害剤が提供される。
実施例に示す通り、本発明の環状ペプチドまたはその塩は、MDMX阻害効果を有する。「MDMX阻害効果」とは、MDMXとp53の結合を阻害する効果のことを示す。
ヒトMDMXの遺伝子配列及びアミノ酸配列は、NCBI(National Center for Biotechnology Information)にGene ID:4194として登録されている。
製剤化は、例えば、賦形剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、溶解剤、溶解補助剤、着色剤、矯味矯臭剤、安定化剤、乳化剤、吸収促進剤、界面活性剤、pH調整剤、防腐剤、抗酸化剤などを適宜使用し、常法により行うことができる。
本発明の環状ペプチドおよびMDMX阻害剤は、医薬品、化粧品、DDS(Drug Delivery System)材料等として用いることができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明の環状ペプチドの合成ルートを以下に示す。本発明の環状ペプチドは、例えば下記に示す一般合成法によって製造することができる。
(Step1)2-クロロトリチルクロライドレジンへのアミノ酸担持
フィルター付きの反応容器(10 mL)に2-クロロトリチルクロライドレジン(100~200 mesh、1%DVB、渡辺化学工業株式会社から購入、100 mg、0.137 mmol)と脱水ジクロロメタン(2 mL)を入れ、室温にて10 分間振盪した。ろ過によりジクロロメタンを除いた後、レジンに対し4モル当量のFmocアミノ酸のジクロロメタン(0.5 M)溶液、および5モル当量のジイソプロピルエチルアミンを加えた混合液を反応容器に添加し、2時間振盪した。ろ過により反応液を除いた後、ジクロロメタン:メタノール:ジイソプロピルエチルアミン=17:2:1(2 mL)を加えた混合液を反応容器に添加し、15分間振盪した。ろ過により反応液を除いた後、同じ操作を2回繰り返した。ろ過により反応液を除いた後、ジメチルホルムアミド(2 mL)、ジクロロメタン(2 mL)を用いて、各3回以上レジンの洗浄を行う。減圧下にレジンを終夜乾燥させ、Fmoc-アミノ酸-2-クロロトリチルレジンを得た。得られたレジンのローディング率は、Fmoc脱保護後の吸光度より算出した。
ペプチド自動合成装置(Biotage社製 Syro I)を用いてペプチド固相合成を行った。操作の詳細な手順については、合成機付属のマニュアルに従った。合成装置に固相合成用レジン(0.05 mmol)、Fmocアミノ酸(0.5 M)のN-メチル-2-ピロリドン (NMP) 溶液、1-[ビス(ジメチルアミノ)メチレン]-1H-1,2,3-トリアゾロ[4,5-b]ピリジニウム3-オキシドヘキサフルオロホスファート(0.5 M)のNMP溶液、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(0.5 M)のNMP溶液、およびジイロプロピルエチルアミン (0.1 M)のNMP溶液、ピペリジン(20 %v/v) のNMP溶液をセットし、合成を行った。Fmoc脱保護(20分)、NMPによる洗浄、Fmocアミノ酸の縮合(1時間)、NMPによる洗浄を1サイクルとし、このサイクルを繰り返すことで、ペプチド鎖を伸長させた。
レジンから直鎖ペプチドを切り出すため、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール:ジクロロメタン=20:80溶液(2 mL)をレジンに添加し、室温にて30分振盪した。反応液をろ過により回収した。さらに2回、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール:ジクロロメタン=20:80溶液(2 mL)を用いた反応を繰り返し、反応液をろ過により回収した。回収した反応液を全て合わせて溶媒を減圧留去し、十分乾燥を行い、直鎖ペプチドの粗精製物を得た。
直鎖ペプチドの粗精製物に対し、0.25 mMの濃度になるようにアセトニトリルを添加し、溶解させる。9モル当量のジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1 M)を含むアセトニトリル溶液、4モル当量のCOMU(0.5 M)を含むアセトニトリル:テトラヒドロフラン=1:1溶液を加え、室温にて30分~48時間攪拌した。原料の直鎖ペプチドが消失したことをLC/MS質量分析(Waters社製Acquity UPLC /SQD)により確認した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。残渣を酢酸エチルと水を用いて分液を行い、酢酸エチル層を回収し、溶媒を減圧留去して、環状ペプチドの粗精製物を得た。
得られた粗精製物の精製は液体クロマトグラフィーによって行った。最終的に凍結乾燥粉末として目的の環状ペプチドを得た。
カラム:Waters社製 X Select CSH Prep C18 5 μm OBD (19 x 250 mm)
カラム温度:40度
流速:20ml/min
検出波長:220nm、254nm
溶媒:A液:0.1%ギ酸-水
B液:0.1%ギ酸-アセトニトリル
Ala:アラニン
Met:メチオニン
Gly:グリシン
Tyr:チロシン
Trp:トリプトファン
Gln:グルタミン
Nle:ノルロイシン
Phe(4-F):4-Fフェニルアラニン
Ala(4-Thz):4-チアゾリルアラニン
HSe(Me):O-メチル-ホモセリン
Tle:tert-ロイシン
Cha:シクロヘキシルアラニン
Ahp(2):2-アミノヘプタン酸
Aoc(2):2-アミノ酪酸
Phe(4-CF3):4-トリフルオロメチルフェニルアラニン
Phe(4-Cl):4-クロロフェニルアラニン
Phe(4-CN):4-シアノフェニルアラニン
Phe(3,4-F2):3,4-ジフルオロフェニルアラニン
Ala(4-Pyri):4-ピリジルアラニン
MeAla:N-メチルアラニン
MeNle:N-メチルノルロイシン
MeHSe(Me):N-メチル-O-メチル-ホモセリン
MeCha:N-メチルシクロヘキシルアラニン
MeLeu:N-メチルロイシン
MePhe:N-メチルフェニルアラニン
D-Pro:D-プロリン
D-MeAla:D-N-メチルアラニン
H-D-Pro-2-クロロトリチルレジン(0.59 mmol/g, 0.05 mmol, 85 mg)をNMPに懸濁し、1時間膨潤させ、濾過によりNMPを除去した。Fmoc-NMe-Cha-OH、Fmoc-Nle-OH、Fmoc-Tle-OH、Fmoc-Phe(4-F)-OH、Fmoc-NMe-Ala-OH、Fmoc-D-NMe-Ala-OH、Fmoc-Ala(4-Thz)-OH、Fmoc-NMe-Ala-OH、Fmoc-HomoSer(Me)-OHの順に縮合を行った。伸長終了後、レジンをNMP、ジクロロメタンで洗浄した後、減圧下溶媒を留去した。ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール:ジクロロメタン=20:80溶液(2 mL)をレジンに添加し、室温にて30分振盪した。反応液をろ過により回収した。さらに2回、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール:ジクロロメタン=20:80溶液(2 mL)を用いた反応を繰り返し、反応液をろ過により回収した。回収した反応液を全て合わせて溶媒を減圧留去し、十分乾燥を行い、直鎖ペプチドの粗精製物を得た。得られた粗精製物に0.25 mMの濃度になるようにアセトニトリルを添加し、溶解させる。9モル当量のジイソプロピルエチルアミン(1 M)を含むアセトニトリル溶液、4モル当量のCOMU(0.5 M)を含むアセトニトリル:テトラヒドロフラン=1:1溶液を加え、室温にて48時間攪拌した。その後、溶媒を減圧留去した。残渣を酢酸エチルと水を用いて分液を行い、酢酸エチル層を回収し、溶媒を減圧留去して、環状ペプチドの粗精製物を得た。得られた粗精製物を少量のアセトニトリルに溶解し、逆相HPLC(0.1%ギ酸水溶液/0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル溶液)にて精製し、凍結乾燥粉末として、環状ペプチド1(13.57 mg、収率23.0%)を得た。
MS(ESI m/z):(M+H)1181.9
RT(min):1.83
環状ペプチド2~12は、環状ペプチド1と同様の方法で合成した。比較例1は、WO2021102322記載の方法により合成した。比較例2は、WO2013123266記載の方法により合成した。
表1に、環状ペプチドの配列を示す。なお、表中の環状ペプチドおよび比較例1においては、左側がN末端アミノ酸残基、右側がC末端アミノ酸残基を示し、ペプチドの両端がアミド結合することにより環状ペプチドを形成している。比較例2においては、表中の「Ac」はアセチル基を表し、「$r8」として表されるアミノ酸は、1個の二重結合を含む全炭素クロスリンカーにより連結されたα-MeS8-オクテニル-アラニンオレフィンアミノ酸である。「$」として表されるアミノ酸は、1個の二重結合を含む全炭素クロスリンカーにより連結されたαMeS5-ペンテニル-アラニンオレフィンアミノ酸である。比較例2は、「$r8」と「$」で表されるアミノ酸残基の側鎖が、ステープル化されている。
合成した環状ペプチドのLC-MS分析条件について、下記に示す。結果を表2にまとめた。
質量スペクトル(MS)は、ACQUITY SQD LC/MS System(W
aters社、イオン化法:ESI(ElectroSpray Ionization、エレクトロスプレーイオン化)法を用いて測定した。
カラム:Waters社製BEHC 18 1.7μm, 2.1x30 mm
溶媒:A液:0.1%ギ酸-水
B液:0.1%ギ酸-アセトニトリル
グラジエントサイクル: 0.00min(A液/B液=95/5)、2.00min(A液/B液=5/95)、3.00min(A液/B液=95/5)
流速:0.5mL/min
カラム温度:室温
検出波長:254nm
本発明による環状ペプチドのMDMXに対するAlpha Screenアッセイを実施した。
MDMXは、固相合成により合成したMDMX (24-108, N末端にHis-tag;PDB ID:2MWY, https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2MWY) を用いた。MDMXの結合相手には、p53のフラグメントペプチド[AnaSpec社製, p53(17-26) FITC-labeled]を用いた。ドナービーズは、Anti-FITC AlphaScreenを用いた。アクセプタービーズは、Anti-His tag AlphaLISAを用いた。反応に用いる緩衝液の組成は、PBS、0.1% BSA、0.01% Tween 20とした。
384ウェルプレート (PerkinElmer社 #6007290) の各ウェルに、濃度を調整した化合物5μL (DMSO終濃度1~5%)、MDMX 5μL (終濃度1μM) 、p53ペプチド 5μL (終濃度10 nM) を順に加えた後、抗Hisタグ抗体修飾されたアクセプタービーズと抗FITC抗体修飾されたドナービーズをそれぞれ終濃度20μg/mLとなるように計10μL加え、室温で1時間インキュベートした。最後に蛍光シグナルをEnvisionを用いて測定した。尚、調液の際は光によるシグナルの減衰を防ぐため、緑色のフィルターを備えた光源下で実験を行った。
陽性対照 (化合物を添加せず、代わりにDMSO濃度を揃えた緩衝液を添加したウェル) の蛍光強度を100 %、陰性対照 (MDMX、p53ペプチド、化合物を添加せず、代わりにDMSO濃度を揃えた緩衝液を添加したウェル) の蛍光強度を0 %として各ウェルの蛍光強度を規格化し、下式で表されるシグモイド曲線にフィッティングすることによりIC50を算出した。
<準備>
本発明による環状ペプチドの細胞膜透過性評価を実施した。
インサート (24 well plate用, 孔径3.0 μm, CORNING製) に1.0×106 cells/mLのMDCKII細胞(ECACC標準細胞株)を300 μL播種し、37℃ 5%CO2環境下にて培養した。3日後に細胞層の電気抵抗値(測定器)を測定し、高バリア性 (>100 Ω・cm2) であることを確認した。
インサートをHBSS (フェノールレッド不含、以下同様) に浸して洗浄した後、10 μM/HBSSに調製した試料200 μLを加え、900 μLのHBSSが入った低吸着24 well plate内に静置した (37℃ 5%CO2)。2時間後、インサートの上層 (apical) と下層 (basal) の各液(apicalは10 μL、basalは500 μL)を回収した。試験後、非透過性の蛍光色素であるLucifer Yellowで漏洩がないことを確認した。
装置はLC/MS/MS (トリプル四重極タイプ) を用いた。
溶離液: A) 5 mM ギ酸アンモニウム, 0.2%ギ酸/H2O, B) 0.1%ギ酸/MeCN、流速: 0.5 mL/min、注入量: 2 μL、カラム: ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 Column, 1.7 μm, 2.1 mm× 50 mm (Waters製)、温度: 70℃、gradient (%B): 2% (0-0.5 min)→98% (2-3 min)→2% (3-5 min)、イオン化: ESI、検出モード: MRM (positive)
式 (1) に示した計算式に基づき、各定量値から膜透過性を表す透過係数Pappを算出した。
Papp=V/C0×1/S×dC/dt ・・・(1)
V: basalの体積 (0.9 mL)
C0: 初期濃度 (10 μM)
S: 単層膜の表面積 (0.33 cm2)
dC/dt: basalでの濃度変化 [μM/s]
MD計算を用いた分子形状因子r値の算出
まず、環状ペプチドの二次元で描画した構造式をChem3Dに入力して三次元で構造化する(図1)。本立体構造を初期構造として、量子化学計算手法(B3LYP/6-31G*、ソフトウェアはGaussian)で構造最適化し、局所安定構造を求める。上記局所安定構造で、量子化学計算手法(B3LYP/6-31G*、ソフトウェアはGaussian)で環状ペプチドが発生させる静電場を求め、上記の静電場を再現するように各原子上に点電荷(RESP電荷)をアサインする。次に、各原子間の共有結合の状態を解析し(Amber)、ファンデルワールスパラメータ(gaff2)を各原子にアサインする。本電荷と本ファンデルワールスパラメータを合わせて力場と呼ぶ。
本最安定構造に対し、慣性テンソルを求め、主慣性モーメントを求め、各軸長(a、b、c)を求め、r値を計算する。具体的には、以下の手順でr値を計算する。
(Xa,1、Xa,2、Xa,3)
と表す。ここで、aは主鎖に属する原子を識別するラベルで、1からNの整数をとる。Nは環状ペプチドの主鎖に属する原子の総数である。
(I1, I2, I3)
と表す。
主慣性モーメントをインプットに、一様分布の楕円体の各軸長a,b,c(a > b > c)を以下の式に従って計算する。
表4に、環状ペプチドのr値、IC50、Pappについてまとめた。
A<0.1 μM;0.1≦B<0.5 μM;0.5 μM≦C<1 μM;1 μM<D
評価A、BおよびCは、標的結合性が十分であることを表し、評価Dは十分な標的結合性が得られないことを表す。
D<0.1×10-6 cm/sec;0.1×10-6 cm/sec≦C<0.25×10-6 cm/sec;0.25×10-6cm/sec≦B<0.50×10-6cm/sec;0.5×10-6cm/sec≦A
評価A、BおよびCは、細胞膜透過性が十分であることを表し、評価Dは十分な細胞膜透過性が得られないことを表す。
(c)ペプチドの全アミノ酸数に対するN置換アミノ酸数の割合;
(d)ペプチドにおける、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基の個数
Claims (9)
- 下記式(1)で表され、下記(a)~(d)の特徴を有する、環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
式中、n個のXaaはそれぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
m個のXbbはそれぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
n+mは、5~50の整数を示し;
(a)環状ペプチドの構造において、主鎖構造の最も長い軸方向の軸長をaとし、aと直交し、互いに直交する他の2方向の軸長をb、cとした時に、a、b、cの各軸長を求める楕円体近似を行う段階を経て、下記式(2)で計算される分子形状因子rが0.4~0.6の範囲に含まれる;
(b)前記ペプチドが生理環境下において非イオン性である;
(c)前記ペプチドの全アミノ酸数に対するN置換アミノ酸数の割合が25%以上である;
(d)前記ペプチドが、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基を側鎖に有するアミノ酸残基およびアミノ酸類縁体残基を1~3個含む。 - 下記式(3)で表される、請求項1に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8およびQ9は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基であり、
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8およびP9は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、又は置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基であり、あるいは、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q7、Q8およびQ9が結合している炭素原子は、P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8およびP9が結合している窒素原子と一緒になって複素環を形成していてもよく、
n個のXaaは、それぞれ独立に任意のアミノ酸残基または任意のアミノ酸類縁体残基を示し、
nは、0~2の整数である。 - R3、R4、R5およびR6のうち少なくとも2つ、もしくはQ3、Q4、Q5およびQ6のうち少なくとも2つが、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基である、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- P1、P2、P4、P5、P7およびP9が、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族炭素環式基、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基、または置換基を有していてもよい非芳香族複素環式基である、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- R1またはQ1およびP1は、R1またはQ1が結合している炭素原子およびP1が結合している窒素原子と一緒になって複素環を形成する、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- R4またはQ4、およびR5またはQ5は、それぞれ、任意のL-アミノ酸残基およびD-アミノ酸残基または任意のL-アミノ酸類縁体残基およびD-アミノ酸類縁体残基の組み合わせである、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- R3またはQ3、およびR6またはQ6が、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族炭素環式基、または置換基を有していてもよい芳香族複素環式基である、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- 式(2)のnが1である、請求項2に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩。
- 請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の環状ペプチドまたはその塩を含む、MDMX阻害剤。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23857358.8A EP4578867A4 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | CYCLIC PEPTIDE OR SALT THEREIN, AND MDMX INHIBITOR |
| JP2024542833A JPWO2024043249A1 (ja) | 2022-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | |
| US19/059,853 US20250179119A1 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2025-02-21 | Cyclic peptide or salt thereof, and mdmx inhibitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022132146 | 2022-08-23 | ||
| JP2022-132146 | 2022-08-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19/059,853 Continuation US20250179119A1 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2025-02-21 | Cyclic peptide or salt thereof, and mdmx inhibitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024043249A1 true WO2024043249A1 (ja) | 2024-02-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/030222 Ceased WO2024043249A1 (ja) | 2022-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | 環状ペプチドまたはその塩、およびmdmx阻害剤 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250179119A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4578867A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2024043249A1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW202417032A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024043249A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4578868A4 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2025-12-17 | Fujifilm Corp | CYCLIC PEPTIDE OR SALT THEREIN, AND MDMX INHIBITOR |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008117833A1 (ja) | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | The University Of Tokyo | 環状ペプチド化合物の合成方法 |
| WO2012074129A1 (ja) | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 安定化された二次構造を有するペプチド、及びペプチドライブラリー、それらの製造方法 |
| WO2013100132A1 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 中外製薬株式会社 | ペプチド化合物の環化方法 |
| WO2013123266A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-22 | Aileron Therapeutics, Inc. | Peptidomimetic macrocycles |
| WO2021102322A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-27 | Unnatural Products Inc. | Cell-permeable cyclic peptides and uses thereof |
| US20220002346A1 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-06 | R. Scott Lokey | Peptide-peptoid scaffolds |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023137326A2 (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-07-20 | University Of Washington | De novo designed membrane-traversing and orally bioavailable macrocycles |
| EP4578866A4 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2025-12-03 | Fujifilm Corp | METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY OF A CYCLIC PEPTIDE |
-
2023
- 2023-08-22 TW TW112131446A patent/TW202417032A/zh unknown
- 2023-08-23 WO PCT/JP2023/030222 patent/WO2024043249A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-23 EP EP23857358.8A patent/EP4578867A4/en active Pending
- 2023-08-23 JP JP2024542833A patent/JPWO2024043249A1/ja not_active Abandoned
-
2025
- 2025-02-21 US US19/059,853 patent/US20250179119A1/en not_active Abandoned
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008117833A1 (ja) | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | The University Of Tokyo | 環状ペプチド化合物の合成方法 |
| WO2012074129A1 (ja) | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 安定化された二次構造を有するペプチド、及びペプチドライブラリー、それらの製造方法 |
| WO2013100132A1 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 中外製薬株式会社 | ペプチド化合物の環化方法 |
| WO2013123266A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-22 | Aileron Therapeutics, Inc. | Peptidomimetic macrocycles |
| WO2021102322A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-27 | Unnatural Products Inc. | Cell-permeable cyclic peptides and uses thereof |
| US20220002346A1 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-06 | R. Scott Lokey | Peptide-peptoid scaffolds |
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| D. H. YUZ. Y. XUS. MOL. YUANX. D. CHENGJ. J. QIN: "Targeting MDMX for Cancer Therapy: Rationale, Strategies, and Challenges.", FRONT. ONCOL, vol. 10, 2020, pages 1389 |
| FOUCHE, M. ET AL.: "Pharmacokinetic Studies around the Mono-and Difunctionalization of a Bioavailable Cyclic Decapeptide Scaffold", CHEMMEDCHEM, vol. 11, no. 10, 2016, pages 1060 - 1068, XP072415375, DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600083 * |
| FURUKAWA, A. ET AL.: "Drug-Like Properties in Macrocycles above MW 1000: Backbone Rigidity versus Side-Chain Lipophilicity", ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, vol. 59, no. 48, 2020, pages 21571 - 21577, XP072094457, DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004550 * |
| LAWRENCE, N. ET AL.: "Cyclic peptide scaffold with ability to stabilize and deliver a helical cell -impermeable cargo across membranes of cultured cancer cells.", RSC CHEMICAL BIOLOGY, vol. 1, 2020, pages 405 - 420, XP093142681, DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00099j * |
| PARTRIDGE, A. W. ET AL.: "Incorporation of Putative Helix-Breaking Amino Acids in the Design of Novel Stapled Peptides: Exploring Biophysical and Cellular Permeability Properties", MOLECULES, vol. 24, no. 12, 2019, pages 2292, XP093142680, DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122292 * |
| PYE, C. R. ET AL.: "Nonclassical Size Dependence of Permeation Defines Bounds for Passive Adsorption of Large Drug Molecules", JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 60, no. 5, 2017, pages 1665 - 1672, XP093142676, DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01483 * |
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| See also references of EP4578867A4 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4578868A4 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2025-12-17 | Fujifilm Corp | CYCLIC PEPTIDE OR SALT THEREIN, AND MDMX INHIBITOR |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4578867A1 (en) | 2025-07-02 |
| TW202417032A (zh) | 2024-05-01 |
| US20250179119A1 (en) | 2025-06-05 |
| EP4578867A4 (en) | 2025-12-17 |
| JPWO2024043249A1 (ja) | 2024-02-29 |
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