WO2023243367A1 - 車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023243367A1 WO2023243367A1 PCT/JP2023/019678 JP2023019678W WO2023243367A1 WO 2023243367 A1 WO2023243367 A1 WO 2023243367A1 JP 2023019678 W JP2023019678 W JP 2023019678W WO 2023243367 A1 WO2023243367 A1 WO 2023243367A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- flow path
- heat medium
- heat exchanger
- medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle.
- a vehicle air conditioner using a heat pump type refrigerant circuit includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a condenser for heat radiation, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator for heat absorption, and a heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the condenser or evaporator.
- a vehicle interior air conditioning unit is known which includes a heat medium circuit through which the heat medium circulates, and a heat exchanger inside which the heat medium circulates through the heat medium circuit.
- the vehicle air conditioner is designed to both defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and heat the interior of the vehicle, that is, defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and heat the interior of the vehicle efficiently and sufficiently. The problem was that it was difficult.
- the present invention aims to address such problems. That is, in a vehicle air conditioner equipped with a heat pump type refrigerant circuit, it is desirable to achieve both defrosting of an outdoor heat exchanger and heating of a vehicle interior, and to sufficiently perform both defrosting and heating without reducing air conditioning efficiency. These are the challenges of the present invention.
- a vehicle air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit, a plurality of channels through which a heat medium heated or cooled by the refrigerant circuit circulates, and a flow for switching the connection state of the plurality of channels.
- a heat medium circuit having a path switching section; a control section that controls the refrigerant circuit and the heat medium circuit and controls the flow path switching section to control the flow of the heat medium to the flow path;
- a vehicle air conditioner comprising: a plurality of flow paths, a high temperature heat medium flow path in which a heat medium heated by the refrigerant circuit circulates, and a low temperature heat medium flow path in which a heat medium cooled by the refrigerant circuit circulates.
- a heat storage channel that includes a heat medium flow path, a plurality of heat storage sections that exchange heat with the heat medium and store heat from the heat medium, and an external heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air and the heat medium.
- control unit controls the flow path switching unit to cause the heat medium circulating in the high temperature heat medium flow path to pass through at least one of the plurality of heat storage units.
- the heating medium is mixed with the heated heating medium at a predetermined ratio, and the mixed heating medium is flowed into the outdoor flow path.
- the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention having such features, it is possible to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and heat the vehicle interior at the same time, and to sufficiently perform both defrosting and heating without reducing air conditioning efficiency. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a control section of a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of a heat medium when the outside air heat absorption heating/heat storage mode is executed in the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of a heat medium when the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode is executed in the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- a heat medium circuit 10 is applied to, for example, a vehicle air conditioner 1 that is mounted on a vehicle and performs temperature control of in-vehicle equipment and air conditioning in a vehicle interior.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 has a refrigerant circuit R serving as a heat source, a heat medium circuit 10 that circulates a heat medium whose temperature is controlled by heat exchange with the refrigerant, and a temperature controlled by the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10. It includes a main air conditioning unit 80 and an individual air conditioning unit 90 that supply air into the vehicle interior.
- the refrigerant circuit R is a closed circuit in which a compressor 11, a condenser 12, an expansion valve 13, an evaporator 14, and an accumulator 15 are sequentially connected through refrigerant piping, and circulates refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circuit R may be a circuit including a receiver downstream of the condenser 12, for example.
- the heat medium circuit 10 includes a plurality of flow paths (described later) through which a heat medium heated or cooled by the refrigerant circuit R circulates, a tank 50 (storage section), and a flow path switching section that switches the connection state of the plurality of flow paths. It is configured to include a first flow path switching section V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3.
- the heat medium circuit 10 includes a high temperature heat medium flow path 20, a low temperature heat medium flow path 30, a heat storage flow path 40, an outdoor flow path 60, and an air conditioning flow path 70 as a plurality of flow paths.
- a heat medium heated by the refrigerant circuit R circulates in the high temperature heat medium flow path 20.
- the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 includes a high-temperature heat exchanger 21 (heating section) that is integrated with the condenser 12 in the refrigerant circuit R and performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the refrigerant. While the heat medium pumped by the pump P1 passes through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21, the heat medium reaches a high temperature due to heat radiation of the refrigerant in the condenser 12 in the refrigerant circuit R, and circulates.
- a heat medium cooled by the refrigerant circuit R circulates in the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30.
- the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 includes a low-temperature heat exchanger 31 (cooling section) that is integrated with the evaporator 14 in the refrigerant circuit R and performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the refrigerant. While passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31, the heat medium cools down to a low temperature due to heat absorption by the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 in the refrigerant circuit R, and circulates.
- the heat storage channel 40 includes a plurality of heat storage sections that exchange heat with the heat medium and store heat of the heat medium.
- the heat storage sections provided in the heat storage flow path 40 include a battery heat exchanger 41 that controls the temperature of the battery in an electric vehicle, a motor heat exchanger 42 that controls the temperature of the driving motor, and an inverter heat exchanger 42 that controls the temperature of the inverter.
- the heat exchanger 43 and the heat exchanger 44 for a PCU that controls the temperature of the power control unit can be applied to heat exchangers installed in in-vehicle equipment that generate heat when driven. Thereby, the heat of the stored heat medium and the heat generated from each vehicle-mounted device can be used for air conditioning.
- the heat medium is pumped by the third pump P3 and passes through a battery heat exchanger 41, a motor heat exchanger 42, an inverter heat exchanger 43, and a PCU heat exchanger 44.
- the heat storage flow path 40 includes a first heat storage flow path 401 including a battery heat exchanger 41, and a second heat storage flow path 402 including a motor heat exchanger 42, an inverter heat exchanger 43, and a PCU heat exchanger 44. are connected via the second flow path switching section V2. Moreover, the first heat storage flow path 401 and the second heat storage flow path 402 can be made into mutually independent flow paths or connected flow paths by controlling the second flow path switching unit V2.
- the outdoor flow path 60 includes an outdoor heat exchanger 45 that exchanges heat with the outside air.
- the air conditioning flow path 70 includes a first main heat exchanger 81 and a second main heat exchanger 82 that are arranged in the main air conditioning unit 80 and perform heat exchange between the heat medium and the air blown into the vehicle interior, and an individual air conditioning unit 90.
- the heat exchanger includes a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92 which are arranged in the seat and perform heat exchange between the heat medium and the air blown to each sheet.
- each flow path of the heat medium circuit 10 that is, the high temperature heat medium flow path 20, the low temperature heat medium flow path 30, the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 60, and the air conditioning flow path 70. are connected via a first flow path switching section V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3 as flow path switching sections.
- a control section 100 described later By controlling these first flow path switching section V1, second flow path switching section V2, and third flow path switching section V3 by a control section 100 described later, the connection state of each flow path is switched, and mutually independent It can be a channel or a partially connected channel.
- the tank 50 is connected to the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 through an inlet 52 , to the heat storage flow path 40 through an inflow port 54 , and to the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 through an outlet 53 .
- the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 is provided with a connection portion 28 connected to the inlet 52 on the heat medium upstream side of the first pump P1.
- the heat storage channel 40 is provided with a connecting portion 48 connected to the inlet 54 on the downstream side of the heat medium of each heat exchanger for temperature control.
- the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 is provided with a connection portion 38 connected to the outlet 53 on the heat medium upstream side of the second pump P2.
- the tank 50 is connected to the upstream side of the first pump P1 in the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 through an inlet 52, and is connected to the motor heat exchanger 42 in the heat storage flow path 40 through an inflow port 54. It is connected to the heat medium downstream side of the second pump P2 in the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 through the outlet 53.
- a relief valve 57 is provided near the inlet 52 on the path from the connection portion 28 to the inlet 52 of the tank 50.
- a relief valve 58 is provided near the inlet 54 on the path from the connection part 48 to the inlet 54 of the tank 50.
- heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10 water without additives, water mixed with additives such as antifreeze agents and preservatives, or liquid heat medium such as oil may be used. can do.
- the main air conditioning unit 80 includes a suction port 83 that sucks air (outside air or inside air) into the main air conditioning unit 80, a blower 87 that blows the air sucked from the suction port 83 into the air flow passage 84, and a
- the first main heat exchanger 81 and the second main heat exchanger 82 through which the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10 is provided, and the air in the air flow passage 84 after passing through the first main heat exchanger 81 are An air mix damper 89 is provided to adjust the rate of ventilation to the second main heat exchanger 82.
- the air introduced into the air flow passage 84 from the suction port 83 is ventilated to only the first main heat exchanger 81 or to both the first main heat exchanger 81 and the second main heat exchanger 82.
- the air whose temperature is controlled by exchanging heat with the heat medium in the first main heat exchanger 81 and the second main heat exchanger 82 is blown into the vehicle interior.
- the individual air conditioning unit 90 includes a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92 through which the heat medium circulating in the air conditioning flow path 70 flows, and a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92 in the individual air conditioning unit 90
- a three-way valve 95 (flow rate adjustment section) that controls the inflow of the heat medium into the individual heat exchanger 92 and can adjust the flow rate, and it The air passing through one or both is blown into the vehicle interior.
- the first individual heat exchanger 91 is provided in an air flow path 941 through which air introduced from the suction port 931 and blown by the blower 971 flows.
- the second individual heat exchanger 92 is provided in an air flow path 942 through which air introduced from the suction port 932 and blown by the blower 972 flows.
- each flow path of the heat medium circuit 10 that is, the high temperature heat medium flow path 20, the low temperature heat medium flow path 30, the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 60, and the air conditioning flow path 70. are connected via a first flow path switching section V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3 as flow path switching sections.
- a control section 100 described later By controlling these first flow path switching section V1, second flow path switching section V2, and third flow path switching section V3 by a control section 100 described later, the connection state of each flow path is switched, and mutually independent It can be a channel or a partially connected channel.
- the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 of the heat medium circuit 10 are connected to either the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 60, or the air conditioning flow path 70 depending on the purpose of air conditioning and the target air conditioning temperature.
- the control section 100 controls the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, and the three-way valves 85 and 95 so that the heat medium flows through the connected flow paths.
- the heat medium whose temperature has been adjusted in one or both of the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 is transferred to the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, and the three-way valves 85, 95. It flows into the connected heat exchanger among the first main heat exchanger 81, second main heat exchanger 82, first individual heat exchanger 91, or second individual heat exchanger 92 via Air conditioning is provided.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a control unit 100 that controls the vehicle air conditioner 1. Note that in FIG. 2, illustrations and descriptions of configurations that are not directly related to the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment are omitted as appropriate.
- the control unit 100 is connected via a vehicle communication bus to a vehicle controller (ECU) 200 that controls the entire vehicle, including drive control of the driving motor, inverter, and power control unit, and charge/discharge control of the battery, and transmits and receives information.
- ECU vehicle controller
- a microcomputer as an example of a computer including a processor can be applied to both the control unit 100 and the vehicle controller 200.
- the control unit 100 includes a temperature sensor TC21 that detects the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 and is heated by the condenser 12; temperature sensor TC31 that detects the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the first main heat exchanger 81 and second main heat exchanger 82 of the main air conditioning unit 80; A temperature sensor TC90 detects the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, and a battery temperature sensor TC41 detects the temperature of the battery (temperature of the battery itself, battery heat exchanger 92).
- the motor temperature sensor TC42 detects the temperature of the motor (temperature of the motor itself, temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the motor heat exchanger 42).
- an inverter temperature sensor TC43 that detects the temperature of the inverter (either the temperature of the inverter itself or the temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the inverter heat exchanger 43);
- a PCU temperature sensor TC44 (temperature of either the PCU itself or the temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the PCU heat exchanger 44) that detects the temperature of the power control unit is connected.
- the output of the control unit 100 includes the expansion valve 13, the first pump P1, the second pump P2, the third pump P3, the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, and the third flow path switching section. V3, three-way valves 85, 95, blowers 87, 971, 972, and air mix damper 89 are connected.
- the control unit 100 controls these based on the output of each sensor, the settings input at the air conditioning operation unit 300, and information from the vehicle controller 200.
- the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 configured as described above will be explained.
- Various operating modes can be executed, such as a temperature control mode including warm-up.
- the refrigerant circuit R of the vehicle air conditioner 1 controls the heat radiation of the condenser 12 and the heat absorption of the evaporator 14 while appropriately controlling the rotation speed of the compressor 11 by the control unit 100.
- the temperature of the air supplied to the vehicle interior is adjusted to the target temperature, and the interior of the vehicle is air-conditioned.
- the refrigerant circulates as follows.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 radiates heat by exchanging heat with the heat medium passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 in the condenser 12, liquefies and condenses, and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 12 is depressurized and expanded by the expansion valve 13, becomes a low-pressure refrigerant, and flows into the evaporator 14.
- the low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed into the evaporator 14 is evaporated by exchanging heat with the heat medium passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 in the evaporator 14, becomes a gas refrigerant, flows out of the evaporator 14, and is passed through the accumulator 15. Return to compressor 11.
- the operation modes for heating the vehicle interior include an outside air heat absorption heating/heat storage mode in which heat is stored in the heat storage section in addition to heating the vehicle interior, and a mode in which heating and outdoor heat exchanger 45 are performed. It is possible to execute a heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode that simultaneously performs defrosting. It is preferable to switch between these two modes as appropriate depending on the frosting state of the outdoor heat exchanger 45.
- the outside air endothermic heating/thermal storage mode and the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode will be described below.
- the outside air endothermic heating and heat storage mode uses the outdoor heat exchanger 45 as a heat absorption source, and uses the battery heat exchanger 41, motor heat exchanger 42, inverter heat exchanger 43, and PCU. This is an operation mode in which heating is performed while storing heat generated in various on-vehicle devices by using each on-vehicle device heat exchanger such as the on-vehicle heat exchanger 44 as a heat storage section.
- the heat medium that is heated by exchanging heat between the refrigerant passing through the condenser 12 and the heat medium passing through the high temperature heat exchanger 21 It is introduced into the first main heat exchanger 81 and second main heat exchanger 82 of the main air conditioning unit 80, and also into the first individual heat exchanger 91 and second individual heat exchanger 92 of the individual air conditioning unit 90.
- the heat medium that is cooled by exchanging heat between the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 14 and the heat medium passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger 45 as a heat absorption source. be introduced.
- Figure 3 shows the flow of the heat medium in the outside air heat absorption heating/heat storage mode.
- piping through which a high temperature heat medium circulates is shown by a solid black line
- piping through which a low temperature heat medium circulates is shown by a dashed line
- a solid gray line indicates piping in which a heat medium having a temperature between high and low temperatures circulates.
- the control section 100 controls the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, the third flow path switching section V3, and the three-way valves 85 and 95, so that heat is generated in the heat medium circuit 10 as follows. Circulate the media.
- the control unit 100 connects the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70 and circulates the heat medium that has passed through the high temperature heat exchanger 21 and is heated to the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70. let That is, the heat medium heated by passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 flows into the three-way valve 85 via the first flow path switching section V1. A portion of the heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 85 flows into the second main heat exchanger 82 , and the remainder flows toward the three-way valve 95 .
- the heat medium flowing into the second main heat exchanger 82 exchanges heat with the air passing through the airflow passage 84 and then flows into the merging section 72.
- the heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 95 is divided so that it flows to the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, and air circulation is established in the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92.
- the heat medium that has exited the first main heat exchanger 81 is repeatedly circulated back to the high temperature heat exchanger 21 by the first pump P1 via the first flow path switching section V1 and the third flow path switching section V3.
- the control unit 100 connects the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the outdoor flow path 60, and transfers the heat medium that has passed through the low temperature heat exchanger 31 and been cooled to the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the outdoor flow path. 60 cycles.
- the control unit 100 opens a grill shutter (not shown) provided on the outdoor heat exchanger 45. That is, the heat medium that has passed through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 and has been cooled flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 45 via the first flow path switching section V1 and the second flow path switching section V2. After exchanging heat with the outside air introduced through the grille shutter in step 45, the air returns to the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 via the second flow path switching section V2 by the second pump P2, and the circulation is repeated.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 45 can be used as a heat absorption source.
- control unit 100 connects the first heat storage flow path 401 and the second heat storage flow path 402 in the heat storage flow path 40, circulates the heat medium by the third pump P3, and connects the heat storage flow path 40 to the battery heat exchanger 41 and the motor. heat exchanger 42, inverter heat exchanger 43, and PCU heat exchanger 44.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 can heat the vehicle interior and each seat.
- a high-temperature heat medium can be passed through both the first main heat exchanger 81 and the second main heat exchanger 82, which are the two heat exchangers of the main air conditioning unit 80.
- the air before passing through the second main heat exchanger 82 can be heated in advance in the first main heat exchanger 81.
- the heat of the heat medium remaining after exchanging heat with air in the second main heat exchanger 82 and the heat of the heat medium remaining after exchanging heat with air in the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 are Since the heat of the remaining heat medium is used to heat the air in the first main heat exchanger 81, it is possible to improve the air conditioning capacity of the main air conditioning unit 80 and to improve the thermal efficiency of the entire system.
- the heat medium can be caused to flow into only one or both of the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92. Furthermore, the amount of heat medium flowing into the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 can be adjusted by the three-way valve 95. Furthermore, the amount of air blown by the air blowers 971 and 972 can be adjusted. Thereby, the air passing through the air flow passages 941 and 942 can be adjusted to a desired temperature range.
- the heat medium heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 circulates through the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70, the heat medium expands due to temperature rise, and the amount of heat medium is large relative to the circuit capacity. Then, the relief valve 57 becomes open, and the heat medium flows into the tank 50 from the inlet 52 via the connection portion 28 and is stored therein.
- the heat medium In the flow path where the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the outdoor flow path 60 are connected, when the temperature of the heat medium decreases and contracts, and the amount of heat medium decreases relative to the circuit capacity, the heat medium is stored in the tank 50.
- the heat medium flows out from the outlet 53 and flows into the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 via the connection portion 38 .
- Heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode In the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode, the interior of the vehicle is heated using the battery heat exchanger 41, which is one of the plurality of heat storage units, as a heat absorption source. This is an operation mode in which heating and defrosting are performed simultaneously by defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 45 while utilizing the heat stored in the heat exchanger for onboard equipment.
- the heated heat medium is exchanged between the refrigerant passing through the condenser 12 and the heat medium passing through the high temperature heat exchanger 21 in the high temperature heat medium flow path 20.
- the first main heat exchanger 81 of the main air conditioning unit 80 and the first individual heat exchanger 91 and second individual heat exchanger 92 of the individual air conditioning unit 90 are transferred to the battery heat exchanger as a heat absorption source. 41 will be introduced.
- FIG. 4 shows the flow of the heat medium in the heat storage/endothermic heating/defrosting mode.
- FIG. 4 regarding the flow of the heat medium, piping through which a high temperature heat medium circulates is shown by a solid black line, and piping through which a low temperature heat medium circulates is shown by a chain line. Further, piping through which a heat medium having a temperature between high and low temperatures circulates is shown by a two-dot chain line, and piping through which a heat medium does not circulate is shown by a broken line.
- the control section 100 controls the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, the third flow path switching section V3, and the three-way valves 85 and 95, so that heat is generated in the heat medium circuit 10 as follows. Circulate the media.
- the control unit 100 connects the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70 and circulates the heat medium that has passed through the high temperature heat exchanger 21 and is heated to the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70. let In the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode, the heat medium passed through the high temperature heat exchanger 21 and heated passes through the first flow path switching section V1 and the three-way valves 85 and 95, and then passes through the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the third 2 individual heat exchangers 92 .
- the heat medium flowing into the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 is the air passing through the air flow passages 941 and 942 in the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, respectively. They exchange heat, merge at the merging section 71, and flow into the first main heat exchanger 81 via the merging section 72 and the first flow path switching section V1.
- the heat medium flowing into the first main heat exchanger 81 exchanges heat with the air passing through the air flow path 84, and passes through the first flow path switching section V1 and the third flow path switching section V3 to the first pump P1.
- the cycle of returning to the high temperature heat exchanger 21 is repeated. Thereby, while the first main heat exchanger 81 heats the vehicle interior, the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 can heat each seat.
- the control unit 100 connects the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the first heat storage flow path 401 of the heat storage flow paths 40, and transfers the heat medium that has passed through the low temperature heat exchanger 31 and been cooled to low temperature heat. It is circulated through the medium flow path 30 and the first heat storage flow path 401. That is, the heat medium that has passed through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 and has been cooled is pressure-fed by the third pump P3 via the first flow path switching section V1 and the second flow path switching section V2, and is then transferred to the battery heat exchanger. 41, passes through the second flow path switching section V2, and returns to the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 by the second pump P2, repeating the circulation. By repeating the above circulation, the heat medium that has passed through the battery heat exchanger 41 flows into the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 and is guided to the low temperature heat exchanger 31, so the battery heat exchanger 41 can be used as a heat absorption source. can.
- the control unit 100 also connects the outdoor flow path 60 and the second heat storage flow path 402 of the heat storage flow path 40, and connects the outdoor heat exchanger 45, the PCU heat exchanger 44, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and , the heat medium is circulated through the motor heat exchanger 42.
- the flow path to which the outdoor flow path 60 and the second heat storage flow path 402 are connected has a temperature lower than that of the heat medium circulating in the flow path to which the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70 are connected.
- a heat medium having a higher temperature than the heat medium circulating in the flow path where the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the first heat storage flow path 401 are connected circulates.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 45 can be defrosted using the heat stored in the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the PCU heat exchanger 44. Note that when the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode is executed, the control unit 100 keeps the grill shutter provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 45 in a closed state.
- the heat medium passes through the PCU heat exchanger 44, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the motor heat exchanger 42.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 45 is defrosted while the temperature of the heat medium is adjusted by recovering heat generated or stored in each device by passing through the heat medium in sequence.
- sufficient defrosting may not be possible just by circulating through the second heat storage flow path 402.
- the control unit 100 controls the third flow path switching unit V3 to transfer the heat medium circulating in the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 to the PCU heat exchanger 44 and the inverter in the second heat storage flow path 402.
- the heat medium that has passed through the motor heat exchanger 43 and the motor heat exchanger 42 is mixed at a predetermined ratio.
- the heat medium that has passed through the PCU heat exchanger 44 , the inverter heat exchanger 43 , and the motor heat exchanger 42 in the second heat storage flow path 402 is mixed with the heat medium in the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 .
- the amount of the heat medium mixed into the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 from the second heat storage flow path 402 is the same amount as the heat medium mixed from the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 into the second heat storage flow path 402. .
- a predetermined amount of the heat medium circulating in the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the heat medium circulating in the second heat storage flow path 402 are exchanged, and the temperature is increased while maintaining the amount of the heat medium circulating in the second heat storage flow path 402. to rise.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 45 can be reliably defrosted.
- the ECH 46 can be operated to supplementally heat the heat medium as needed.
- the temperature of the heat medium decreases slightly due to the heat medium mixed from the second heat storage flow path 402, but it passes through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 and is heated again. Further, the heat medium heated in the high temperature heat exchanger 21 is guided to the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 without passing through the second main heat exchanger 82 of the main air conditioning unit. , and then introduced into the first main heat exchanger 81. That is, in the vehicle interior, heating in the main air conditioning unit 80 is suppressed, and heating is mainly performed for each seat by the individual air conditioning unit 90, thereby suppressing the heating capacity of the entire vehicle interior while maintaining passenger comfort.
- the relief valve 57 becomes open and the heat medium flows into the tank 50 from the inlet 52 via the connecting portion 28 and is stored therein.
- the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 and the first heat storage flow path 401 are connected, when the temperature of the heat medium decreases and contracts, and the amount of heat medium decreases relative to the circuit capacity, it is stored in the tank 50.
- the heated heat medium flows out from the outlet 53 and flows into the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 via the connection portion 38.
- the relief valve 58 opens. In the open state, the heat medium flows into the tank 50 from the inlet 54 via the connection portion 48 and is stored therein.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 45 when the outdoor heat exchanger 45 does not require defrosting, the outside air absorption heating/heat storage mode is executed to heat the vehicle interior, and the heat storage section Heat is stored in the battery heat exchanger 41, motor heat exchanger 42, inverter heat exchanger 43, and PCU heat exchanger 44.
- frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger 45
- the heat storage endothermic heating/defrosting mode heating operation is performed using the heat storage section that is stored during the execution of the outside air heat absorption heating/heat storage mode as a heat absorption source.
- defrost the outdoor heat exchanger defrost the outdoor heat exchanger.
- the high temperature heat medium circulating in the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 is transferred to the PCU heat exchanger 44, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the motor in the second heat storage flow path 402.
- the heat medium that has passed through the heat exchanger 42 is mixed at a predetermined ratio. Thereby, the temperature is increased while maintaining the amount of heat medium circulating in the second heat storage flow path 402, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 45 can be reliably defrosted.
- the same amount of the heat medium mixed from the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 to the second heat storage flow path 402 is mixed into the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 from the second heat storage flow path 402 .
- the temperature of the circulating heat medium decreases slightly, but in the air conditioning flow path 70, the heat medium does not flow into the second main heat exchanger 82, and the heat medium does not flow into the first main heat exchanger. 81, heating in the main air conditioning unit 80 is suppressed by air conditioning the vehicle interior using the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92.
- first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 are arranged on the upstream side of the first main heat exchanger 81 in the flow direction of the heat medium. Therefore, air conditioning for each sheet can be used preferentially. Heating capacity can be suppressed without impairing passenger comfort.
- Vehicle air conditioner 10 Heat medium circuit 11: Compressor, 12: Condenser, 13: Expansion valve, 14: Evaporator, 15: Accumulator 20: High temperature heat medium flow path, 21: High temperature heat exchanger 28, 38, 48: Connection part 30: Low temperature heat medium flow path 31: Low temperature heat exchanger 40: Heat storage flow path 41: Heat exchanger for battery, 42: Heat exchanger for motor, 43: Heat exchanger for inverter 44: PCU heat exchanger, 45: outdoor heat exchanger 50: tank, 52: inlet, 53: outlet, 54: inlet 57, 58: relief valve 60: outdoor flow path, 70: air conditioning flow path 71, 72: Merging section 80: Main air conditioning unit, 81: First main heat exchanger, 82: Second main heat exchanger 83: Suction port, 84: Air flow path, 87: Blower 85, 95: Three-way valve 89: Air mix damper 90: Individual air conditioning unit, 91: First individual heat exchanger, 92: Second individual heat exchanger 100: Control
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明の一態様に係る車両用空調装置は、冷媒回路と、前記冷媒回路により加熱又は冷却される熱媒体が循環する複数の流路と、複数の前記流路の接続状態を切替える流路切替部と、を有する熱媒体回路と、前記冷媒回路及び前記熱媒体回路を制御すると共に、前記流路切替部を制御して前記流路への熱媒体の流れを制御する制御部と、を備えた車両用空調装置であって、複数の前記流路は、前記冷媒回路により加熱された熱媒体が循環する高温熱媒体流路と、前記冷媒回路により冷却された熱媒体が循環する低温熱媒体流路と、熱媒体との熱交換を行うと共に熱媒体の熱を蓄熱する複数の蓄熱部を含む蓄熱流路と、外気と熱媒体との熱交換を行う外部熱交換器を含む室外流路と、を含み、前記制御部は、前記流路切替部を制御して、前記高温熱媒体流路を循環する熱媒体を、前記複数の蓄熱部のうち少なくとも1つの前記蓄熱部を通過した熱媒体に所定の割合で混合し、混合した熱媒体を前記室外流路に流す。
車両用空調装置1は、熱源となる冷媒回路Rと、冷媒との熱交換によって温度管理された熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体回路10と、熱媒体回路10を循環する熱媒体によって温度調節された空気を車室内に供給する主空調ユニット80及び個別空調ユニット90と、を備えている。
熱媒体回路10は、複数の流路として、高温熱媒体流路20、低温熱媒体流路30、蓄熱流路40、室外流路60及び空調流路70を含んでいる。
空調流路70は、主空調ユニット80に配備され熱媒体と車室内に送風される空気との熱交換を行う第1主熱交換器81及び第2主熱交換器82と、個別空調ユニット90に配備され熱媒体と各シート毎に送風される空気との熱交換を行う第1個別熱交換器91及び第2個別熱交換器92とを含んでいる。
高温熱媒体流路20には、第1ポンプP1の熱媒体上流側に流入口52に接続される接続部28が設けられている。蓄熱流路40には、各温調対象用熱交換器の熱媒体下流側に流入口54に接続される接続部48が設けられている。低温熱媒体流路30には、第2ポンプP2の熱媒体上流側に流出口53に接続される接続部38が設けられている。
外気吸熱暖房・蓄熱モードは、室外熱交換器45を吸熱源として用い、バッテリ用熱交換器41、モータ用熱交換器42、インバータ用熱交換器43及びPCU用熱交換器44などの各車載機器用熱交換器を蓄熱部として用いることで、各種車載機器において生じた熱を蓄熱しながら、暖房を行う動作モードである。
外気吸熱暖房・蓄熱モードにおける熱媒体の流れを図3に示す。
制御部100は、第1流路切替部V1、第2流路切替部V2、第3流路切替部V3、及び三方弁85,95を制御して、熱媒体回路10において以下のように熱媒体を循環させる。
すなわち、高温熱交換器21を通過して加熱された熱媒体は、第1流路切替部V1を経由して三方弁85に流入する。三方弁85に流入した熱媒体は、一部が第2主熱交換器82に流れ、残りが三方弁95に向かって流れる。
すなわち、低温熱交換器31を通過して冷却された熱媒体は、第1流路切替部V1及び第2流路切替部V2を経由して室外熱交換器45に流入し、室外熱交換器45においてグリルシャッタを介して導入された外気と熱交換した後に第2流路切替部V2を経由して、第2ポンプP2により低温熱交換器31に戻る循環を繰り返す。
上記循環を繰り返すことで、室外熱交換器45を吸熱源として用いることができる。
蓄熱吸熱暖房・除霜モードは、複数の蓄熱部のうちの1つであるバッテリ用熱交換器41を吸熱源として車室内の暖房を行い、その他の各種車載機器用熱交換器に蓄熱された熱を利用しながら室外熱交換器45の除霜を行うことにより、暖房と除霜を同時に実行する動作モードである。
蓄熱吸熱暖房・除霜モードにおける熱媒体の流れを図4に示す。
制御部100は、第1流路切替部V1、第2流路切替部V2、第3流路切替部V3、及び三方弁85,95を制御して、熱媒体回路10において以下のように熱媒体を循環させる。
蓄熱吸熱暖房・除霜モードでは、高温熱交換器21を通過して加熱された熱媒体は、第1流路切替部V1、及び三方弁85,95を経て第1個別熱交換器91及び第2個別熱交換器92に流入する。
すなわち、低温熱交換器31を通過して冷却された熱媒体は、第1流路切替部V1及び第2流路切替部V2を経由して第3ポンプP3により圧送されてバッテリ用熱交換器41に流入し、第2流路切替部V2を経由して、第2ポンプP2により低温熱交換器31に戻る循環を繰り返す。
上記循環を繰り返すことで、バッテリ用熱交換器41を通過した熱媒体を低温熱媒体流路30に流して低温熱交換器31に導くため、バッテリ用熱交換器41を吸熱源として用いることができる。
これにより、第2蓄熱流路402を循環する熱媒体の量を維持しながら温度を上昇させるので、室外熱交換器45の除霜を確実に行うことができる。
10:熱媒体回路
11:圧縮機、12:凝縮器、13:膨張弁、14:蒸発器、15:アキュームレータ
20:高温熱媒体流路、21:高温熱交換器
28,38,48:接続部
30:低温熱媒体流路
31:低温熱交換器
40:蓄熱流路
41:バッテリ用熱交換器、42:モータ用熱交換器、43:インバータ用熱交換器
44:PCU用熱交換器、45:室外熱交換器
50:タンク、52:流入口、53:流出口、54:流入口
57,58:リリーフ弁
60:室外流路、70:空調流路
71,72:合流部
80:主空調ユニット、81:第1主熱交換器、82:第2主熱交換器
83:吸込口、84:空気流通路、87:送風機
85,95:三方弁
89:エアミックスダンパ
90:個別空調ユニット、91:第1個別熱交換器、92:第2個別熱交換器
100:制御部、200:車両コントローラ、300:空調操作部
931,932:吸込口、941,942:空気流通路、971,972:送風機
R:冷媒回路
V1:第1流路切替部、V2:第2流路切替部、V3:第3流路切替部
Claims (4)
- 冷媒回路と、
前記冷媒回路により加熱又は冷却される熱媒体が循環する複数の流路と、複数の前記流路の接続状態を切替える流路切替部と、を有する熱媒体回路と、
前記冷媒回路及び前記熱媒体回路を制御すると共に、前記流路切替部を制御して前記流路への熱媒体の流れを制御する制御部と、備えた車両用空調装置であって、
複数の前記流路は、
前記冷媒回路により加熱された熱媒体が循環する高温熱媒体流路と、
前記冷媒回路により冷却された熱媒体が循環する低温熱媒体流路と、
熱媒体との熱交換を行うと共に熱媒体の熱を蓄熱する複数の蓄熱部を含む蓄熱流路と、
外気と熱媒体との熱交換を行う外部熱交換器を含む室外流路と、を含み、
前記制御部は、前記流路切替部を制御して、
前記高温熱媒体流路を循環する熱媒体を、前記複数の蓄熱部のうち少なくとも1つの前記蓄熱部を通過した熱媒体に所定の割合で混合し、混合した熱媒体を前記室外流路に流す、車両用空調装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記蓄熱流路のうち第1蓄熱部を通過した熱媒体を前記低温熱媒体流路に流すことにより前記第1蓄熱部を吸熱源として車室内の暖房を行うと共に、前記高温熱媒体流路を循環する熱媒体を前記蓄熱流路のうち第2蓄熱部を通過した熱媒体に所定の割合で混合させ、混合させた熱媒体を前記室外流路に流す、請求項1に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記熱媒体回路は、
空調ユニットに配備され車室内に送風する空気と熱媒体との熱交換を行う複数の室内熱交換器を含む空調流路を含み、
前記制御部は、
前記高温熱媒体流路と前記空調流路とを接続し、複数の前記室内熱交換器の少なくとも1つを通過した熱媒体を、前記第2蓄熱部を通過した熱媒体に所定の割合で混合させる、請求項2記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記空調流路は、
車室内空間に吹き出される空気と熱交換を行う第1室内熱交換器と、車室内の一部に吹き出される空気と熱交換を行う第2室内熱交換器とを含み、
前記制御部は、
前記高温熱媒体流路と前記空調流路とを接続し、前記第2室内熱交換器が前記第1室内熱交換器より上流側となるように熱媒体を流す、請求項3記載の車両用空調装置。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005119639A (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-05-12 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
| JP2014061873A (ja) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-04-10 | Denso Corp | 車両用熱管理システム |
| CN207523396U (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-06-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种汽车及车用空调系统 |
| JP2020045068A (ja) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | 車両用空調システム |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005119639A (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-05-12 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
| JP2014061873A (ja) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-04-10 | Denso Corp | 車両用熱管理システム |
| CN207523396U (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-06-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种汽车及车用空调系统 |
| JP2020045068A (ja) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-26 | サンデンホールディングス株式会社 | 車両用空調システム |
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