WO2023153013A1 - 電気回路遮断装置 - Google Patents
電気回路遮断装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023153013A1 WO2023153013A1 PCT/JP2022/036837 JP2022036837W WO2023153013A1 WO 2023153013 A1 WO2023153013 A1 WO 2023153013A1 JP 2022036837 W JP2022036837 W JP 2022036837W WO 2023153013 A1 WO2023153013 A1 WO 2023153013A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- cut
- conductor piece
- projectile
- igniter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric circuit breaker.
- an igniter provided in a housing, a projectile arranged in a cylindrical space formed in the housing, the projectile formed to be movable in the cylindrical space by energy received from the igniter,
- a conductor piece provided in the housing and forming part of an electrical circuit, the part having a cut-away portion that is cut away by the projectile, the cut-out portion being disposed across the tubular space.
- an arc-extinguishing region located on the opposite side of the projectile across the cut-out portion in the cylindrical space before the igniter is activated, and for receiving the cut-out portion cut by the projectile.
- a fibrous coolant material disposed in the arc extinguishing region has been proposed (eg, Patent Document 1).
- the conductor piece When the projectile of the electric circuit breaker cuts the conductor piece, the conductor piece may be distorted due to the stress generated in the conductor piece. In addition, deformation of the conductor piece may cause combustion gas generated by the igniter to leak out of the electric circuit breaker.
- the technology of the present disclosure aims to provide an electrical circuit breaker that reduces deformation of a conductor piece when a projectile cuts the conductor piece.
- the electric circuit breaker includes, as outer shell members, a housing enclosing a housing space extending in one direction, an igniter provided in the housing, and one end of the housing space arranged in the housing by energy received from the igniter.
- a projectile that is launched from the side and moves along the direction of extension of the housing space, and a conductor piece that is held in the housing and forms part of an electric circuit, the first connecting end on one side and the second connecting end on the other side.
- a conductor piece having a cut-off portion that is cut off by movement of the projectile between the two connecting ends, the cut-out portion being arranged across the receiving space;
- the conductor piece has a deformation suppressing portion that suppresses deformation when the portion to be cut is cut by the projectile.
- the deformation suppressing portion may be an extending portion having one end connected to the portion to be excised located in the accommodation space and extending into the housing.
- the extension may also have an anchor portion embedded in the housing at its other end.
- the extending portion may have the other end connected to the first connection end or the second connection end.
- the deformation suppressing portion may be a concave portion or a convex portion formed in the first connecting end portion or the second connecting end portion.
- the recess or protrusion may be embedded in the housing.
- the conductor piece is a plate-like member, and the concave portion or convex portion may be linearly formed on the front side or the back side of the conductor piece.
- an electrical circuit breaker that reduces deformation of a conductor piece when a projectile cuts the conductor piece.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the internal structure of an electric circuit breaking device (breaking device) according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of a conductor piece according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the blocking device.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of a conductor piece according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a conductor piece according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a conductor piece according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the internal structure of an electrical circuit breaker (hereinafter simply referred to as "breaker") 1 according to the embodiment.
- the breaker 1 is, for example, an electric circuit included in an automobile, a home appliance, a solar power generation system, etc., and a system including a battery (for example, a lithium ion battery) of the electric circuit. It is a device to prevent serious damage in advance.
- the cross section along the height direction (the direction in which the housing space 13 described later extends) shown in FIG. A cross section of the device 1 is called.
- FIG. 1 shows the state of the blocking device 1 before actuation.
- the interrupting device 1 includes a housing 10, an igniter 20, a projectile 40, a conductor piece 50, a coolant material 60, and the like.
- the housing 10 includes a housing space 13 extending from a first end portion 11 on the upper end side to a second end portion 12 on the lower end side.
- This accommodation space 13 is a space formed linearly so that the projectile 40 can move, and extends along the vertical direction of the blocking device 1 .
- a projectile 40 is accommodated at the upper end side in the vertical direction (extending direction) of the accommodation space 13 formed inside the housing 10 .
- the vertical direction is also referred to as the Y-axis direction, the horizontal direction as the X-axis direction, and the depth direction as the Z-axis direction.
- the vertical direction and the XYZ direction of the blocking device 1 in this specification merely indicate the relative positional relationship of each element in the blocking device 1 for convenience of explanation of the embodiment.
- the posture when installing the blocking device 1 is not limited to the direction shown in the drawing.
- the housing 10 includes a housing body 100, a top holder 110, and a bottom container 120. As shown in FIG. A top holder 110 and a bottom container 120 are coupled to the housing body 100 to form an integral housing 10 .
- the housing body 100 has, for example, a substantially prismatic outer shape.
- the shape of the housing body 100 is not particularly limited.
- a hollow portion 145 is formed through the housing body 100 along the vertical direction, and the hollow portion 145 forms a part of the housing space 13 .
- the housing body 100 has an upper surface 101 to which the flange portion 111 of the top holder 110 is fixed and a lower surface 102 to which the flange portion 121 of the bottom container 120 is fixed.
- a cylindrical upper cylindrical wall 103 is erected upward from the upper surface 101 of the housing body 100 on the outer peripheral side of the upper surface 101 .
- the upper tubular wall 103 has, for example, a rectangular tubular shape, but may have another shape.
- a cylindrical lower cylindrical wall 104 extends downward from the lower surface 102 on the outer peripheral side of the lower surface 102 of the housing body 100 .
- the lower tubular wall 104 has, for example, a square tubular shape, but may have another shape.
- the housing main body 100 configured as described above can be formed of an insulating member such as synthetic resin, for example.
- the housing body 100 may be made of nylon, which is a type of polyamide synthetic resin.
- the top holder 110 is, for example, a cylindrical member having a stepped cylindrical shape and is hollow inside.
- the top holder 110 includes a small-diameter cylinder portion 112 located on the upper side (first end portion 11 side), a large-diameter cylinder portion 113 located on the lower side, a connection portion 114 connecting these, and a large-diameter cylinder portion 113. It is configured including a flange portion 111 and the like extending outward from the lower end.
- the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 and the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 are coaxially arranged, and the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 is one size larger in diameter than the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 .
- the contour of the flange portion 111 of the top holder 110 has a substantially rectangular shape that fits inside the upper cylindrical wall 103 of the housing body 100 .
- the flange portion 111 may be integrally fastened to the upper surface 101 of the housing body 100 by using screws or the like, or may be fixed by rivets or the like while being arranged inside the upper cylindrical wall 103 .
- the top holder 110 may be coupled to the housing body 100 with a sealant applied between the top surface 101 of the housing body 100 and the bottom surface of the flange portion 111 of the top holder 110 .
- an O-ring may be interposed between the upper surface 101 of the housing body 100 and the flange portion 111 of the top holder 110 to enhance the airtightness of the cylindrical space. good.
- a hollow portion formed inside the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 in the top holder 110 functions as a housing space for housing a part of the igniter 20 as shown in FIG.
- a cavity formed inside the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 of the top holder 110 communicates with a cavity of the housing body 100 located below, and forms a part of the cylindrical space.
- the top holder 110 configured as described above can be formed of an appropriate metal member such as stainless steel or aluminum having excellent strength and durability.
- the material forming the top holder 110 is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the top holder 110 is also an example, and other shapes may be adopted.
- the bottom container 120 has a generally hollow cylindrical shape with a bottom, and includes a side wall portion 122, a bottom wall portion 123 connected to the lower end of the side wall portion 122, a flange portion 121 connected to the upper end of the side wall portion 122, and the like. is composed of
- the side wall portion 122 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and the flange portion 121 extends outward from the upper end of the side wall portion 122 .
- the contour of the flange portion 121 of the bottom container 120 has a substantially rectangular shape that fits inside the lower cylindrical wall 104 of the housing body 100 .
- the flange portion 121 may be integrally fastened to the lower surface 102 of the housing body 100 by using screws or the like, or may be fixed by rivets or the like while being arranged inside the lower tubular wall 104.
- the bottom container 120 may be coupled to the housing body 100 with a sealant applied between the bottom surface 102 of the housing body 100 and the top surface of the flange portion 121 of the bottom container 120 .
- the airtightness of the cylindrical space (part of the housing space 13) formed in the housing 10 can be improved.
- an O-ring may be interposed between the lower surface 102 of the housing body 100 and the flange portion 121 of the bottom container 120 to enhance the airtightness of the cylindrical space. good.
- the bottom container 120 configured as described above can be formed of an appropriate metal member such as stainless steel, aluminum, or the like, which is excellent in strength and durability.
- the material forming the bottom container 120 is not particularly limited.
- the bottom container 120 may have a multilayer structure.
- the bottom container 120 has an exterior portion facing the outside made of an appropriate metal member such as stainless steel or aluminum having excellent strength and durability, and an interior portion facing the cylindrical space side made of insulating material such as synthetic resin. You may form with a member.
- the entire bottom container 120 may be formed of an insulating member.
- the housing 10 in the embodiment includes the housing body 100, the top holder 110, and the bottom container 120 that are integrally assembled, and the direction from the first end 11 to the second end 12 inside thereof.
- a cylindrical space is formed extending to the This cylindrical space accommodates the igniter 20, the projectile 40, the excised portion 53 of the conductor piece 50, the coolant material 60, and the like, which will be described in detail below.
- the igniter 20 is an electric igniter that includes an ignition portion 21 containing an ignition charge and an igniter body 22 having a pair of conductive pins (not shown) connected to the ignition portion 21 .
- the igniter main body 22 is surrounded by, for example, insulating resin. Further, the tip side of the pair of conductive pins in the igniter main body 22 is exposed to the outside, and is connected to the power source when the breaking device 1 is used.
- the igniter body 22 includes a substantially columnar body portion 221 housed inside the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 of the top holder 110 and a connector portion 222 positioned above the body portion 221 .
- the igniter main body 22 is fixed to the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 by, for example, press-fitting the main body portion 221 into the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 .
- a constricted portion whose outer peripheral surface is recessed compared to other portions is formed annularly along the circumferential direction of the main body portion 221, and the O-ring 223 is fitted into this constricted portion.
- the O-ring 223 is made of, for example, rubber (such as silicone rubber) or synthetic resin, and functions to increase airtightness between the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 and the body portion 221 .
- the connector portion 222 of the igniter 20 is arranged to protrude to the outside through an opening portion 112A formed at the upper end of the small-diameter cylinder portion 112 .
- the connector part 222 has, for example, a cylindrical shape that covers the sides of the conductive pins, and is configured to be connectable with a connector on the power supply side.
- the ignition part 21 of the igniter 20 is arranged so as to face the accommodation space 13 of the housing 10 (more specifically, the cavity formed inside the large-diameter cylinder part 113).
- the ignition part 21 is configured, for example, as a form in which an ignition charge is accommodated in an igniter cup.
- the ignition charge is accommodated in the igniter cup of the ignition part 21 in contact with a bridge wire (resistor) that connects the base ends of a pair of conductive pins.
- ZPP zirconium/potassium perchlorate
- ZWPP zirconium/tungsten/potassium perchlorate
- THPP titanium hydride/potassium perchlorate
- lead tricinate etc.
- the igniter 20 When the igniter 20 is actuated, when an operating current for igniting the igniter is supplied from the power supply to the conductive pin, the bridge wire in the igniter 21 generates heat, and as a result, the igniter in the igniter cup is ignited and burned. and combustion gases are generated. Then, the pressure in the igniter cup rises with the combustion of the ignition powder in the igniter cup of the ignition portion 21, the split surface 21A of the igniter cup splits, and the combustion gas flows from the igniter cup into the accommodation space 13. is released to More specifically, the combustion gas from the igniter cup is discharged to a recessed portion 411 in a later-described piston portion 41 of the projectile 40 arranged in the housing space 13 . As a result, the projectile 40 is launched downward along the housing space 13 from the initial position shown in FIG.
- the coolant material 60 arranged in the accommodation space 13 in the housing 10 will be described.
- the portion to be cut 53 of the conductor piece 50 held in the pair of conductor piece holding holes 105A and 105B in the housing body 100 are laid across the accommodation space 13 of the housing 10 .
- the area (space) where the projectile 40 is arranged across the cut portion 53 of the conductor piece 50 will be referred to as a "projectile initial arrangement area R1".
- a region (space) located on the opposite side of 40 is called an "arc extinguishing region R2".
- the projectile initial arrangement region R1 and the arc extinguishing region R2 are to be cut. Both are in communication, rather than being completely isolated by the portion 53 .
- the projectile initial placement region R1 and the arc extinguishing region R2 may be completely separated by the excised portion 53.
- the arc-extinguishing region R2 of the housing space 13 is a region (space) for receiving the excised portion 53 excised by the rod portion 42 of the projectile 40 fired when the blocking device 1 (igniter 20) is activated.
- a coolant material 60 as an arc-extinguishing material is arranged in the arc-extinguishing region R2.
- the coolant material 60 has a substantially bottomed tubular shape, and is arranged inside along the side wall portion 122 and the bottom wall portion 123 of the bottom container 120 .
- the coolant material 60 removes the arc generated when the projectile 40 cuts the cut portion 53 of the conductor piece 50 and the heat energy of the cut portion 53, and cools it, thereby suppressing arc generation at the time of current interruption, or , is a coolant for extinguishing (extinguishing) the generated arc.
- the arc extinguishing region R2 in the interrupting device 1 is a space for receiving the excised portion 53 excised from the first connection end 51 and the second connection end 52 of the conductor piece 50 by the projectile 40, and at the same time, It is significant as a space for effectively extinguishing the arc generated when the body 40 cuts the portion 53 to be cut.
- a coolant material 60 is arranged as an arc extinguishing material in the arc extinguishing region R2.
- the coolant material 60 is solid. Further, as one aspect of the embodiment, the coolant material 60 is formed of a shape retainer.
- the shape retainer here is, for example, a material that maintains a constant shape when no external force is applied, and can maintain integrity (does not fall apart) even if deformation may occur when an external force is applied.
- a shape-retaining body obtained by molding a fibrous body into a desired shape can be exemplified.
- the coolant material 60 is made of metal fiber as a shape retainer.
- the metal fibers forming the coolant material 60 include at least one of steel wool and copper wool.
- the above aspects of the coolant material 60 are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these.
- the projectile 40 is made of, for example, an insulating material such as synthetic resin, and includes a piston portion 41 and a rod portion 42 connected to the piston portion 41 .
- the piston portion 41 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has an outer diameter approximately corresponding to the inner diameter of the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 of the top holder 110 .
- the diameter of the piston portion 41 may be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 .
- the piston portion 41 has an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the hollow portion 145 in the housing body 100, and is configured so as not to enter the hollow portion 145 but to abut against surrounding members forming the hollow portion 145. be.
- the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the movement direction (axial direction) on the tip end side connected to the rod portion 42 of the piston portion 41 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the rod portion 42 on the rear end side and the cross-sectional area of the hollow portion 145 . is also greatly formed.
- the shape of the projectile 40 can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the housing 10 and the like.
- a hollow portion 411 having, for example, a cylindrical shape is formed on the upper surface of the piston portion 41 , and the ignition portion 21 is received in the hollow portion 411 .
- a bottom surface of the recessed portion 411 is formed as a pressure receiving surface 411A that receives energy received from the igniter 20 when the igniter 20 is activated.
- a constricted portion whose outer peripheral surface is recessed compared to other locations is formed annularly along the circumferential direction of the piston portion 41, and the O-ring 43 is fitted into this constricted portion.
- the O-ring 43 is made of, for example, rubber (such as silicone rubber) or synthetic resin, and functions to improve airtightness between the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 and the piston portion 41 .
- the rod portion 42 of the projectile 40 is, for example, a rod-shaped member that has an outer peripheral surface with a smaller diameter than the piston portion 41 and extends along the extending direction of the housing space 13 . connected together.
- the rod portion 42 moves along the extending direction of the housing space 13 when the igniter 20 is actuated, and is inserted into the hollow portion 145 of the housing body 100 .
- a lower end surface of the rod portion 42 is formed as a cut surface 420 for cutting the portion to be cut 53 from the conductor piece 50 when the blocking device 1 is actuated.
- the rod portion 42 in this embodiment has a substantially cylindrical shape, the shape is not particularly limited. No change depending on get.
- the rod portion 42 may have, for example, a columnar shape such as a circular column, an elliptical column, or a rectangular column.
- a columnar shape such as a circular column, an elliptical column, or a rectangular column.
- the energy from the igniter 20 is received by the upper surface of the piston part 41 including the pressure receiving surface 411A when the igniter 20 is actuated. It is fired from the initial position shown and moves at high speed along the accommodation space 13 toward the second end 12 side (downward).
- the piston portion 41 of the projectile 40 is accommodated inside the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 of the top holder 110 and is axially moved along the inner wall surface of the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 . It is slidable in any direction.
- the projectile 40 stops when the lower end surface of the piston portion 41 abuts (collides) with the upper surface 101 of the housing body 100 .
- the rod portion 42 is fitted into the hollow portion 145 up to the rear end 421 .
- the piston portion 41 of the projectile 40 has a substantially cylindrical shape, but the shape is not particularly limited. Appropriate shape and size can be adopted for the outer shape of piston portion 41 according to the shape and size of the inner wall surface of large-diameter cylinder portion 113 .
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the conductor piece 50 according to the embodiment.
- the conductor piece 50 is a conductive metal body that constitutes a part of the components of the circuit breaker 1 and also forms a part of a predetermined electric circuit when the circuit breaker 1 is attached to the circuit. (bus bar).
- the conductor piece 50 and the housing main body 100 are integrally formed.
- the conductor piece 50 is held in the housing body 100 and arranged across a cavity 145 within the housing body. In the present embodiment, the holding area is defined by the inner wall of the housing body 100 holding the conductor piece 50 (cavity 145).
- the conductor piece 50 can be made of metal such as copper (Cu), for example. However, the conductor piece 50 may be made of a metal other than copper, or may be made of an alloy of copper and another metal. Manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), and the like can be exemplified as metals other than copper contained in the conductor piece 50 .
- the conductor piece 50 is formed as an elongated plate piece as a whole, and includes a first connection end portion 51 and a second connection end portion 52 on both end sides, and an excised portion located in the middle portion thereof. 53 and the like are included.
- the cut portion 53 has a substantially circular shape, and the width (the length in the Z-axis direction) of the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 on the side of the cut portion 53 is gradually reduced.
- Connection holes 51A and 52A are provided in the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 of the conductor piece 50, respectively. These connection holes 51A and 52A are used to connect with other conductors (for example, lead wires) in an electric circuit.
- the conductor piece 50 includes two deformation suppressing portions 54 for suppressing deformation of the conductor piece 50 when the conductor piece 50 is cut by the projectile 40 .
- the deformation suppressing portion 54 in this embodiment is a T-shaped portion that protrudes from the portion to be excised 53 .
- the cut portion 53 of the conductor piece 50 is forcibly and physically cut off by the rod portion 42 of the projectile 40 when an abnormality such as an excessive current occurs in the electric circuit to which the breaking device 1 is applied. It is a portion cut from the one connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 . Circumference of the cut portion 53 (that is, between the cut portion 53 and the first connection end portion 51, between the cut portion 53 and the second connection end portion 52, between the cut portion 53 and the deformation suppressing portion 54) A recessed portion (slit) 56 is formed in the portion 53 to be excised so that the cut portion 53 can be easily cut. Then, the conductor piece 50 is cut at a position overlapping the inner wall surface (inner wall surface) of the inner wall 143 (FIG. 1) defining the hollow portion 145 of the housing body 100, that is, at a position overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the rod portion 42, and is cut. A portion 53 is cut off.
- the deformation suppressing portion 54 has a first direction in which the first connection end portion 51 is positioned with respect to the cut portion 53 and a direction in which the second connection end portion 52 is positioned with respect to the cut portion 53 .
- an extending portion 541 extending from the portion to be excised 53 in a third direction and a fourth direction (Z-axis direction) perpendicular to the two directions (X-axis direction); and an anchor portion 542 that bends and extends in the second direction.
- the anchor portion 542 is embedded in the housing body 100 integrally molded with the conductor piece 50 .
- the anchor portion 542 resists the force exerted to pull the deformation suppressing portion 54 toward the portion to be cut 53 when the portion to be cut 53 is cut by the projectile 40 .
- both ends of the conductor piece 50 disperse the force that tends to deform upward, and the conductor Deformation of both ends of the piece 50 is suppressed.
- the conductor piece 50 is not limited to the example in FIG.
- the conductor piece 50 may be connected to the first connecting end portion 51 and the second connecting end portion 52 in such a manner that the portion to be excised 53 is orthogonal or inclined.
- the planar shape of the cut portion 53 of the conductor piece 50 is not particularly limited.
- the shapes of the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 of the conductor piece 50 are not particularly limited, either.
- the recess 56 in the conductor piece 50 may be omitted.
- FIG. 1 shows the state before the operation of the breaking device 1 (hereinafter also referred to as "initial state before operation").
- the projectile 40 in the blocking device 1 is such that the piston portion 41 is positioned on the side of the first end portion 11 (upper end side) in the housing space 13 and the cut surface 420 formed at the lower end of the rod portion 42 is set to the initial position positioned on the upper surface of the cut portion 53 of the conductor piece 50 .
- the interrupter 1 includes an abnormality detection sensor (not shown) that detects an abnormal state of a device (vehicle, power generation equipment, power storage equipment, etc.) connected to the electric circuit to be interrupted, and an igniter 20 A control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation of is further provided.
- the abnormality detection sensor may be capable of detecting an abnormal state based on the voltage or the temperature of the conductor piece 50 in addition to the current flowing through the conductor piece 50 .
- the abnormality detection sensor is, for example, a shock sensor, a temperature sensor, an acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor, etc., and detects abnormal conditions such as accidents and fires based on shock, temperature, acceleration, and vibration in devices such as vehicles. good too.
- the control unit of the blocking device 1 is a computer capable of exhibiting a predetermined function by executing a predetermined control program, for example.
- a predetermined function by the control unit can also be realized by corresponding hardware.
- the abnormal current is detected by the abnormality detection sensor.
- Abnormality information about the detected abnormal current is transferred from the abnormality detection sensor to the control unit.
- the control unit receives power from an external power supply (not shown) connected to the conductive pin of the igniter 20 based on the current value detected by the abnormality detection sensor, and operates the igniter 20.
- the abnormal current may be a current value exceeding a predetermined threshold set for protection of a predetermined electric circuit.
- the above-described abnormality detection sensor and control unit may not be included in the components of the blocking device 1, and may be included in a device separate from the blocking device 1, for example. Moreover, the abnormality detection sensor and the control unit are not essential components of the breaking device 1 .
- the controller of the breaker 1 activates the igniter 20 . That is, as a result of supplying an operating current from an external power source (not shown) to the conductive pin of the igniter 20, the igniter in the igniter 21 is ignited and burned to generate combustion gas. Then, the split surface 21 ⁇ /b>A is cleaved due to the increase in pressure inside the ignition portion 21 , and combustion gas of the ignition powder is released from inside the ignition portion 21 into the housing space 13 .
- the ignition portion 21 of the igniter 20 is received in the recessed portion 411 of the piston portion 41, and the split surface 21A of the ignition portion 21 is arranged to face the pressure receiving surface 411A of the recessed portion 411 of the projectile 40. ing. Therefore, the combustion gas from the ignition portion 21 is discharged to the recessed portion 411, and the pressure (combustion energy) of the combustion gas is transmitted to the upper surface of the piston portion 41 including the pressure receiving surface 411A. As a result, the projectile 40 moves downward in the accommodation space 13 along the extending direction (axial direction) of the accommodation space 13 .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the blocking device 1 according to the embodiment.
- (A) shown in the upper part of FIG. 3 shows a situation in the middle of the operation of the breaking device 1
- (B) shown in the lower part of FIG. 3 shows a situation in which the operation of the breaking device 1 is completed.
- the projectile 40 which receives the pressure (combustion energy) of the combustion gas of the ignition charge, is vigorously pushed downward.
- the cut surface 420 pushes through each boundary between the first connecting end 51 and the second connecting end 52 of the conductor piece 50 and the cut portion 53 by shearing.
- the projectile 40 and the lower portion of the housing body 100 produce a bending moment in the conductor piece 50, as indicated by the dashed arrow. It should be noted that as the clearance between the projectile 40 and the housing body 100 increases, the distortion of the conductor piece 50 increases.
- the shape and dimensions of the projectile 40 can be freely determined as long as the projectile 40 can move smoothly along the extending direction (axial direction) of the housing space 13 when the igniter 20 is activated.
- the outer diameter of the piston portion 41 of the projectile 40 may be set equal to the inner diameter of the large-diameter cylinder portion 113 of the top holder 110 .
- the projectile 40 moves a predetermined stroke in the extending direction of the housing space 13 ( axial direction).
- the cut portion 53 cut from the conductor piece 50 by the rod portion 42 of the projectile 40 is received in the arc extinguishing region R2 where the coolant material 60 is arranged.
- the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 located at both ends of the conductor piece 50 are electrically disconnected, and the predetermined electric circuit to which the breaking device 1 is applied is forcibly broken. .
- the anchor portion 542 integrally molded with the conductor piece 50 and embedded in the housing body 100 is cut by the projectile 40 , the deformation suppressing portion 54 and the portion to be cut 53 are cut. resists pulling force in the direction of
- the anchor portion 542 is configured such that the ends of the conductor piece 50 (the first connection end portion 51, the second connection end portion 52, and the deformation suppressing portion 54) are supported with the concave portion 56 as a fulcrum. It disperses the upward distorting force and suppresses deformation.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of a conductor piece according to the second embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the conductor piece 50 includes four deformation suppressing portions 54A extending in four directions in an X shape in plan view. They are connected near both ends in the width direction (Z-axis direction) of the one connection end portion 51 and near both ends in the width direction (Z-axis direction) of the second connection end portion 52 .
- each of the first connecting end portion 51 and the second connecting end portion 52 has four connecting portions with reduced widths on the cut portion 53 side thereof.
- the connecting portions at both ends in the width direction added in the present embodiment are referred to as deformation suppressing portions 54A.
- the deformation suppressing portion 54A is also embedded in the housing body 100 integrally formed with the conductor piece 50. As shown in FIG.
- the deformation suppressing portion 54A is formed at both ends of the conductor piece 50 (first connection) as the cut portion 53 is deformed downward with the concave portion 56 as a fulcrum. It disperses the force that tends to distort the end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52) upward, and suppresses deformation of both end portions of the conductor piece 50.
- the deformation suppressing portion may be an extending portion having one end connected to the excised portion and extending into the housing body 100 .
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a conductor piece according to the third embodiment.
- Upper (A) is a top view of the conductor piece 50
- lower (B) is a front view of the conductor piece 50 .
- symbol is attached
- the conductor piece 50 has a deformation suppressing portion 55A having an arc shape concentric with the cut portion 53 on the bottom surface side of the first connecting end portion 51 and the second connecting end portion 52 .
- the conductor piece 50 has a deformation suppressing portion 55 ⁇ /b>B having an arc shape concentric with the cut portion 53 on the upper surface side of the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 .
- transformation suppression part 55B are recessed parts (slit), respectively. Further, the radius of the arc of the deformation suppressing portion 55B is larger than that of the deformation suppressing portion 55A.
- the recess 56 , the deformation suppressing portion 55 ⁇ /b>A, and the deformation suppressing portion 55 ⁇ /b>B formed on the outer edge of the cut portion 53 constitute recesses alternately provided on the upper surface and the bottom surface of the conductor piece 50 .
- the deformation suppressing portion 55A and the deformation suppressing portion 55B are embedded in the housing body 100 integrally formed with the conductor piece 50. As shown in FIG. When the projectile 40 cuts the portion 53 to be cut, the connecting portion between the deformation suppressing portions 55A and 55B and the housing body 100 deforms the portion 53 to be cut downward with the concave portion 56 as a fulcrum.
- both ends (the first connection end 51 and the second connection end 52) of the conductor piece 50 resist the upward deformation force. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the gap generated between the conductor piece 50 and the housing body 100 when the section to be cut 53 is cut by the projectile 40 .
- by increasing the surface area of the boundary between the conductor piece 50 and the housing body 100 by forming the boundary between the conductor piece 50 and the housing body 100 into a meandering shape like a so-called labyrinth structure when the excised portion 53 is cut by the projectile 40, the conductor Even if there is a gap between the piece 50 and the housing body 100, leakage of combustion gas from the cutoff device 1 can be suppressed.
- deformation suppressing portions 55A and 55B is not limited to two. Further, the deformation suppressing portions 55A and 55B may not necessarily be alternately provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the conductor piece 50, and may be provided at corresponding positions on the top surface and the bottom surface so as to overlap each other in plan view. good.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a conductor piece according to the fourth embodiment.
- Upper (A) is a top view of the conductor piece 50
- lower (B) is a front view of the conductor piece 50 .
- symbol is attached
- the conductor piece 50 according to the present embodiment is formed on the upper surface side of the first connection end portion 51 and the second connection end portion 52 so that the upper surface is convex and the bottom surface is concave. It has a deformation suppressing portion 55C.
- the deformation suppressing portion 55 ⁇ /b>C also has an arc shape concentric with the portion to be cut 53 and is provided outside the portion to be cut 53 . Therefore, when the cut portion 53 is cut by the projectile 40, the deformation suppressing portion 55C is also formed at both ends of the conductor piece 50 (first connection) as the cut portion 53 is deformed downward with the concave portion 56 as a fulcrum.
- the end 51 and the second connecting end 52) resist forces tending to deform upwards.
- the boundary between the conductor piece 50 and the housing body 100 is made to have a meandering shape like a so-called labyrinth structure, so that when the excised portion 53 is cut by the projectile 40, the conductor piece 50 and the housing body 100 are separated from each other. Leakage of combustion gas from the shutoff device 1 can be suppressed even if a gap is formed between them.
- the arcuate deformation suppressing portion 55C may be configured to protrude to the back side (bottom side) of the conductor piece 50. Also, a plurality of deformation suppressing portions 55C may be provided on the upper surface side or the bottom surface side of the conductor piece 50 .
- the deformation suppressing portion may be unevenness formed on the first connecting end portion 51 or the second connecting end portion 52 .
- the unevenness is a concave portion or a convex portion formed on the front side or the back side of the plate-shaped conductor piece 50, and may be formed in a linear shape (for example, a curved shape or a straight shape).
- the deformation suppressing portion 54 of the first embodiment, the deformation suppressing portion 54A of the second embodiment, the deformation suppressing portions 55A and 55B of the third embodiment, and the deformation suppressing portion 55C of the fourth embodiment are two of these. It may be implemented in combination of two or more. Moreover, the configuration may be changed without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.
- the shape of the anchor portion 542 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2, and the anchor portion 542 may not be provided.
- the deformation suppressing portion 54 described above may be exposed to the outside of the housing 10 as long as at least a portion thereof is embedded in the housing body 100 .
- Reference Signs List 1 Breaker 10 : Housing 13 : Housing space 20 : Ignitor 40 : Projectile 50 : Conductor piece 51 : First connection end 52 : Second connection end 53 : Excised portions 54 and 55 : Deformation suppressing portion 60 : Coolant material
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Abstract
Description
以下に、図面を参照して本開示の実施形態に係る電気回路遮断装置について説明する。なお、各実施形態における各構成及びそれらの組み合わせ等は、一例であって、本開示の主旨から逸脱しない範囲内で、適宜、構成の付加、省略、置換、及びその他の変更が可能である。本開示は、実施形態によって限定されることはなく、特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定される。
図1は、実施形態に係る電気回路遮断装置(以下、単に「遮断装置」という)1の内部構造を説明する図である。遮断装置1は、例えば、自動車や家庭電化製品、太陽光発電システム等に含まれる電気回路や、当該電気回路のバッテリー(例えば、リチウムイオンバッテリー)を含むシステムの異常時に、電気回路を遮断することで大きな被害を未然に防止するための装置である。本明細書においては、図1に示す高さ方向(後述する収容空間13が延在する方向)に沿った断面を遮断装置1の縦断面といい、高さ方向と直交する方向の断面を遮断装置1の横断面という。図1は、遮断装置1の作動前の状態を示している。
ハウジング10は、ハウジング本体100、トップホルダ110、ボトム容器120を含む。ハウジング本体100には、トップホルダ110およびボトム容器120が結合されており、これによって一体のハウジング10が形成されている。
次に、トップホルダ110について説明する。トップホルダ110は、例えば、段付き円筒形状を有するシリンダ部材であり、内側が空洞状になっている。トップホルダ110は、上側(第1端部11側)に位置する小径シリンダ部112と、下側に位置する大径シリンダ部113と、これらを接続する接続部114と、大径シリンダ部113の下端から外側に向かって延在するフランジ部111等を含んで構成されている。例えば、小径シリンダ部112および大径シリンダ部113は同軸に配置されており、大径シリンダ部113は小径シリンダ部112よりも直径が一回り大きい。
次に、ボトム容器120について説明する。ボトム容器120は、内部が空洞状の概略有底筒形状を有し、側壁部122、側壁部122の下端に接続される底壁部123、側壁部122の上端に接続されるフランジ部121等を含んで構成されている。側壁部122は、例えば円筒形状を有しており、フランジ部121は側壁部122における上端から外側に向かって延在している。ボトム容器120におけるフランジ部121の輪郭は、ハウジング本体100における下筒壁104の内側に収まるような概略四角形を有している。フランジ部121は、例えば、下筒壁104の内側に配置された状態で、ハウジング本体100における下面102にネジ等を用いて一体に締結されていてもよいし、リベット等によって固定されていてもよい。ここで、ハウジング本体100の下面102とボトム容器120におけるフランジ部121の上面との間にはシーラントが塗布された状態でボトム容器120がハウジング本体100に結合されてもよい。これにより、ハウジング10内に形成される筒状空間(収容空間13の一部)の気密性を高めることができる。また、シーラントの代わりに、或いはシーラントと併用してハウジング本体100の下面102とボトム容器120のフランジ部121との間にOリングを介在させることによって筒状空間の気密性を高めるようにしてもよい。
次に、点火器20について説明する。点火器20は、点火薬を含む点火部21と、点火部21に接続された一対の導電ピン(図示せず)を有する点火器本体22を備えた電気式点火器である。点火器本体22は、例えば、絶縁樹脂によって包囲されている。また、点火器本体22における一対の導電ピンの先端側は外部に露出しており、遮断装置1の使用時に電源と接続される。
次に、ハウジング10における収容空間13に配置されるクーラント材60について説明する。ここで、図1に示すように、遮断装置1(点火器20)の作動前において、ハウジング本体100における一対の導体片保持孔105A,105Bに保持された状態の導体片50の被切除部53は、ハウジング10の収容空間13を横切るように横架されている。以下、ハウジング10における収容空間13のうち、導体片50の被切除部53を挟んで発射体40が配置されている方の領域(空間)を「発射体初期配置領域R1」と呼び、発射体40とは反対側に位置する領域(空間)を「消弧領域R2」と呼ぶ。なお、収容空間13を横切るように配置された被切除部53の奥行方向(Z軸方向)の側方に隙間が形成されているため、発射体初期配置領域R1および消弧領域R2は被切除部53によって完全に隔離されているのではなく、双方は連通している。勿論、被切除部53の形状および大きさ次第では、発射体初期配置領域R1および消弧領域R2が被切除部53によって完全に隔離されていてもよい。
次に、発射体40について説明する。発射体40は、例えば、合成樹脂等の絶縁部材によって形成されており、ピストン部41と、当該ピストン部41に接続されたロッド部42を含んでいる。ピストン部41は概略円柱形状を有し、トップホルダ110における大径シリンダ部113の内径と概ね対応する外径を有している。例えば、ピストン部41の直径は、大径シリンダ部113の内径に比べて僅かに小さくてもよい。また、ピストン部41は、ハウジング本体100における空洞部145の直径よりも大きい外径を有しており、空洞部145内には進入せず、空洞部145を形成する周囲の部材に突き当たる構成である。即ち、ピストン部41は、ロッド部42と接続している先端側において移動方向(軸方向)と直交する横断面積が、ロッド部42における前記後端側の横断面積及び空洞部145の横断面積よりも大きく形成されている。発射体40の形状はハウジング10の形状等に応じて適宜変更することができる。
次に、導体片50について説明する。図2は、実施形態に係る導体片50の上面図である。導体片50は、遮断装置1の構成要素の一部を構成すると共に、遮断装置1を所定の電気回路に取り付けたときに当該電気回路の一部を形成する導電性の金属体であり、バスバー(bus bar)と呼ばれる場合がある。また、導体片50とハウジング本体100とは、一体成形される。導体片50は、ハウジング本体100に保持され、ハウジング本体内の空洞部145を横切るように配置されている。本実施形態では、このように導体片50を保持したハウジング本体100の内壁によって画定される領域(空洞部145)を保持領域としている。
次に、遮断装置1を作動させて電気回路を遮断する際の動作内容について説明する。上記のように、図1は、遮断装置1の作動前の状態(以下、「作動前初期状態」ともいう)を示している。この作動前初期状態において、遮断装置1における発射体40は、ピストン部41が収容空間13における第1端部11側(上端側)に位置付けられると共にロッド部42の下端に形成された切除面420が、導体片50における被切除部53の上面に位置付けられた初期位置にセットされている。
実施形態における遮断装置1は、導体片50と一体成形されハウジング本体100に埋め込まれるアンカー部542が、発射体40により被切除部53が切断される際に、変形抑制部54を被切除部53の方向へ引き抜くようにかかる力に抵抗する。また、アンカー部542は、被切除部53が下方へ変形する際に凹部56を支点として導体片50の端部(第一接続端部51、第二接続端部52及び変形抑制部54)が上方へ歪もうとする力を分散させ、変形を抑制する。
図4は、第二の実施形態に係る導体片の上面図である。なお、上述した第一実施形態と対応する構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図5は、第三の実施形態に係る導体片を説明するための図である。上段の(A)は導体片50の上面図であり、下段の(B)は導体片50の正面図である。なお、上述した第一実施形態及び第二実施形態と対応する構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
図6は、第四の実施形態に係る導体片を説明するための図である。上段の(A)は導体片50の上面図であり、下段の(B)は導体片50の正面図である。なお、上述した第一実施形態から第三実施形態と対応する構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
本明細書に開示された各々の態様は、本明細書に開示された他のいかなる特徴とも組み合わせることができる。例えば、第一実施形態の変形抑制部54、第二実施形態の変形抑制部54A、第三実施形態の変形抑制部55A、55B、及び第四実施形態の変形抑制部55Cは、これらのうち2つ以上を組合せて実施してもよい。また、本開示の主旨から逸脱しない範囲内で構成を変更してもよい。例えば、アンカー部542の形状は図2に示したものには限定されず、また、アンカー部542を有していなくてもよい。また、上述した変形抑制部54は、少なくとも一部がハウジング本体100に埋め込まれていれば、ハウジング10の外側に露出していてもよい。
10 :ハウジング
13 :収容空間
20 :点火器
40 :発射体
50 :導体片
51 :第一接続端部
52 :第二接続端部
53 :被切除部
54、55:変形抑制部
60 :クーラント材
Claims (6)
- 外殻部材として、一方向に延在する収容空間を内包するハウジングと、
前記ハウジングに設けられた点火器と、
前記ハウジング内に配置され、前記点火器から受けるエネルギーによって前記収容空間の一端側から発射され、前記収容空間の延在方向に沿って移動する発射体と、
前記ハウジングに保持され、電気回路の一部を形成する導体片であって、一方の第一接続端部と他方の第二接続端部との間に、前記発射体の移動によって切除される被切除部を有し、当該被切除部が前記収容空間を横切るように配置された導体片と、
を備え、
前記導体片は、前記発射体によって前記被切除部が切除される際の変形を抑制する変形抑制部を有する
電気回路遮断装置。 - 前記変形抑制部は、前記収容空間に位置する前記被切除部に一端が接続され、前記ハウジング内に延びる延伸部である
請求項1に記載の電気回路遮断装置。 - 前記延伸部は、その他端に、前記ハウジング内に埋め込まれたアンカー部を有する
請求項2に記載の電気回路遮断装置。 - 前記延伸部は、その他端が、前記第一接続端部又は前記第二接続端部に接続されている
請求項2に記載の電気回路遮断装置。 - 前記変形抑制部は、前記第一接続端部又は前記第二接続端部に形成された、凹部又は凸部である
請求項1に記載の電気回路遮断装置。 - 前記凹部又は前記凸部は、前記ハウジング内に埋め込まれている
請求項5に記載の電気回路遮断装置。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280091043.8A CN118661239A (zh) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-09-30 | 电路断路装置 |
| US18/836,005 US20250046552A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-09-30 | Electric circuit breaker device |
| EP22926030.2A EP4478392A4 (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-09-30 | ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT BREAKER |
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| JP2022019853A JP2023117244A (ja) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | 電気回路遮断装置 |
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| US (1) | US20250046552A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4478392A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2023117244A (ja) |
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| WO2025164390A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-01 | 2025-08-07 | 株式会社ダイセル | 電気回路遮断装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013138004A (ja) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-07-11 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 切断装置 |
| JP2017054774A (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 導通遮断装置 |
| JP2021128894A (ja) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-09-02 | 株式会社ダイセル | 電気回路遮断装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7239225B2 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2007-07-03 | Special Devices, Inc. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
| DE102012221664B4 (de) * | 2012-09-25 | 2022-04-21 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Kurzschlussabschalter |
| JP7070855B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-04 | 2022-05-18 | 太平洋精工株式会社 | 電気回路遮断装置 |
| WO2020204154A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 遮断装置 |
-
2022
- 2022-02-10 JP JP2022019853A patent/JP2023117244A/ja active Pending
- 2022-09-30 WO PCT/JP2022/036837 patent/WO2023153013A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-30 US US18/836,005 patent/US20250046552A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-30 CN CN202280091043.8A patent/CN118661239A/zh active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013138004A (ja) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-07-11 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 切断装置 |
| JP2017054774A (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 導通遮断装置 |
| JP2021128894A (ja) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-09-02 | 株式会社ダイセル | 電気回路遮断装置 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025164390A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-01 | 2025-08-07 | 株式会社ダイセル | 電気回路遮断装置 |
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| JP2023117244A (ja) | 2023-08-23 |
| CN118661239A (zh) | 2024-09-17 |
| EP4478392A1 (en) | 2024-12-18 |
| US20250046552A1 (en) | 2025-02-06 |
| EP4478392A4 (en) | 2026-01-21 |
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