WO2023140748A1

WO2023140748A1 - Device for sieving and segregation of solid raw materials

Info

Publication number: WO2023140748A1
Application number: PCT/PL2023/050003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Damian GOSIEWSKI
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2023-01-12
Publication date: 2023-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-19
Also published as: PL440169A1; PL247050B1; EP4469217A1

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a device for sieving and segregating solid raw materials, containing a supporting structure (1) equipped with an engine (2), to which at least one screening sieve is attached (3,4) for the embankment of solid raw materials, which comprises, among others, a frame (3a), transvers supports (3b) and a mesh (3c). The machine is characterized as including at least two screening sieves (3,4), one above the other, which are attached to the supporting structure (1) of the device by means of support-spring ties (5,6). However, the screening sieves (3,4) are connected via pushers (7,8) to a transverse eccentric shaft (9), which is seated in bearings (10) that are fixed to the supporting structure (1) of the device. The eccentric shaft (9) has at least one pair of eccentric elements (9a,9b) with eccentric axes (O1, O2) positioned opposite to the main axis (O) of the eccentric shaft (9), and preferably has two pairs of eccentric elements (9a,9b) each at both ends of the said shaft (9).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Title of the Invention

DEVICE FOR SIEVING AND SEGREGATION OF SOLID RAW MATERIALS

Technical Field

[0001] The subject of the invention is a device for sieving and segregation of solid raw materials, of various origin, of different granulation such as soil, gravel, stones, coal.

Background Art

[0002] From the Japanese patent application JP2014000567A, there is known a device for the economic processing of trash discarded during the demolition of houses. Waste is fed into an upper hopper, and large waste that has not passed through the sieve is removed. The waste passing through the sieve is selected with imparting vibration by flowing down and feeding it to the next sieve, and then it is selected while imparting vibration by flowing down and feeding the waste passed through the upper sieve to the next sieve. The original object of the selection, that has not passed the upper sieve, and the secondary object of selection that has not passed the lower sieve, are delivered to the crusher and are crushed into fine grains and conveyed by the conveying device.

[0003] On the other hand, from another Japanese patent application JP2003340425A, there is known a device for fractionating and purifying soil and sand in a continuous manner at high speed. This device is a self-propelled machine for the treatment of contaminated soil. The soil is mainly purified from organic compounds.

[0004] However, from the patent application JP2014050798A there is known a device with a rotary sieve for effective and precise sieving of processed materials of a specific size, even in a soggy condition. This device consists of: (i) a cylindrical drum with a peripheral wall consisting of a sieve mesh, which allows the passage of the treated object of a certain particle size from the treated object fed into the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface; (ii) and a cylindrical rotor placed eccentrically in the drum. Many blades that protrude in the radial direction, are placed along the axial direction from any outer peripheral surface of the rotor or inner peripheral surface of the drum or both outer peripheral surfaces of the rotor and inner peripheral surface of the drum, and the treated object fed into the inner peripheral surface of the drum is screened out by rotating of the drum and rotor.

Summary of Invention

Technical Problem

[0005] The known solutions, although sometimes using eccentric excitation of screening sieves, however have a complex design, and the eccentric operation only results in vertical forces.

[0006] The purpose of the invention was to develop a device of a simple design, easily transportable (mobile), in which the operation of eccentric elements causes not only the force in the vertical direction opposite to gravity, but also imparts a transverse component of force to the screened matter, which results in directing the unscreened material in a certain direction. For this purpose, a device with as simple a design as possible has been developed, using spring-supported screening sieves.

Solution to Problem

[0007] The essence of the invention is a device for sieving and segregating solid raw materials containing a supporting structure equipped with an engine, to which at least one screening sieve is attached for the embankment of solid raw materials, which comprises, among the others, a frame, transverse supports and a mesh. The device is characterized as including at least two screening sieves, one above the other, which are attached to the supporting structure of the device by means of support-spring ties. However, the screening sieves are connected via pushers to a transverse eccentric shaft, which is seated in bearings that are fixed to the supporting structure of the device.

[0008] It is beneficial if the eccentric shaft has at least one pair of eccentric elements with eccentric axes that are opposite to the main axis of the eccentric shaft, and most beneficial if it has two pairs of eccentric elements at each end of the eccentric shaft.

[0009] It is also advantageous if the eccentric elements of the eccentric shaft attached to it are the bushings that contain eccentric cavities that have trenches, while the axle of the eccentric shaft contains grooves, and in these grooves and in the trenches locking wedges are placed.

[0010] The pushers at their ends attached to the screening sieves beneficially contain metal-rubber bushings, which are attached to the sockets welded to the frames of the screening sieves, while at their ends attached to the eccentric shaft they beneficially contain outer plates between which there is a spacer ring inside which there is a bearing. This bearing is seated on an eccentrically rotating bushing.

[0011] It is preferred when the side walls of the supporting structure of the device contain welded angle plates. The frames of the screening sieve contain beneficially screwed to them bearings with welded plates thereto, which are screwed to support-spring ties and to angle plates.

[0012] Optionally, the mesh of the upper screening sieve has a mesh size larger than that of the lower screening sieve, while the frames of the screening sieves have the upper sections curved outward increasing the light of the embankment surface.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0013] The beneficial effects of the invention are the development of a device for sieving and segregating solid materials with a simple structure, being easily transportable. In this device, the operation of eccentric elements not only causes a force in the vertical direction opposite to gravity, but also imparts to the sieved matter a transverse (horizontal) component of force, which causes the material not sieved to be directed in a certain direction. A significant simplification of the device's design is the application of supportspring ties of screening sieves, which are flat bars. The device is characterized by very high sieving efficiency with the possibility of selecting interchangeable screening sieves of any mesh size. The design of the device allows it to be wheel transported. Apart from its high sieving efficiency, it is characterized by its reliability and long operating time. Furthermore, a very important beneficial effect of the invention is the constant loading of the eccentric shaft thanks to the use of pairs of eccentric elements with eccentric axes that are opposite to the main axis of the eccentric shaft. Brief Description of Drawings

[0014] The embodiment of the invention is explained with a drawing, the individual figures of which represent:

Fig. 1. Construction diagram of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 3. The axle of the eccentric shaft (above) and the eccentric shaft itself (below);

Fig. 4. Eccentric bushing;

Fig. 5. Pushers;

Fig. 6. Fragment of the sieving device with pushers and support-spring ties attached to the frames of the screening sieves;

Fig. 7. The mode of attachment of support-spring ties to the side walls of the supporting structure of the device;

Fig. 8. Screening sieve (without mesh);

Fig. 9. Screening sieve (with mesh);

Fig. 10. The supporting structure of the device (perspective view);

Fig. 11. Photo of the power unit chamber of the prototype;

Fig. 12 The device including a detachable pole.

Description of Embodiments

[0015] The device for sieving and segregation of solid raw materials, in the example of implementation, consisted of the following main subassemblies: supporting structure 1 equipped with an engine 2 and two screening sieves 3,4 for the embankment of solid raw materials, which are attached to the supporting structure 1. The supporting structure 1 of the device consisted of an assembly of supporting beams la, tilting supports lb, side guards lc, a hopper collar Id, and a chamber le of the screen drive unit, which was an internal combustion engine 2. The device, in the implementation example, includes two screening sieves 3,4. Screening sieves 3,4 for the embankment of solid raw materials, consist of frames 3a, 4a, supports 3b, 4b and meshes 3c, 4c. Frames 3a, 4a of screening sieves 3,4 do not have one of the side walls (through this wall the unscreened material is vibrationally removed from the device). Frames 3a, 4a have holes 3d,4d intended for screws 3e,4e welded into meshes 3c, 4c. The meshes are fastened interchangeably so that their catches 3f,4f overlap the edge of the frames 3a, 4a, and the screws 3e,4e of the meshes 3c, 4c passing through the holes 3d,4d are screwed to the frames 3a, 4a and thereby tightened to the structure of these frames 3a, 4a.

[0016] The device, in the example of implementation, includes two screening sieves 3,4, one above the other, which are attached to the supporting structure 1 and, more precisely, to the side guards lc of the supporting structure 1 of the device via support -spring ties 5,6. The screening sieves 3,4 are also connected via pushers 7,8 to a transverse eccentric shaft 9, which is seated in bearings 10 attached to the supporting structure 1 of the device and, more precisely, to the bottom wall If of the chamber le of the screen drive unit.

[0017] The eccentric shaft 9, which is located in the chamber le of the sieve drive unit, has beneficially two pairs of eccentric elements 9a, 9b, at both of its ends, with eccentric axes 01,02 positioned opposite to the main axis O of the eccentric shaft 9. A less beneficial example of the solution is the use of one pair of eccentric elements 9a, 9b in the central part of the eccentric shaft. In the example of implementation, the eccentric elements 9a, 9b of the eccentric shaft 9 are attached to it by bushings 10 containing eccentric off-center cavities 10a. These cavities have a trench 10b, while the axle 9c of the eccentric shaft 9 contains grooves 9d. In these trenches 10b and grooves 9d, locking wedges 11 are placed. The bushings 10 also contain circumferential grooves 10c designed to accommodate embedded rings (Seeger retaining rings). In another option for implementing the invention, the eccentric shaft 9 may be a one-piece block of material containing respectively turned eccentric elements 9a, 9b.

[0018] The pushers 7,8 at their ends attached to the screening sieves 3,4 contain metalrubber bushings 12, which are screwed to sockets 13,14 welded to the frames 3a, 4a of the bulk sieves 3,4. The pushers at their ends attached to the eccentric shaft 9, contain outer plates 15 between which there is a spacer ring 16, inside which there is a bearing 17. This bearing 17 is seated on an eccentrically rotating bushings 10. With the purpose of better securing the lateral sliding of the bearing, embedded rings (Seeger rings) are placed in the circumferential grooves 10c of the bushing 10.

[0019] The support-spring ties 5,6 are the steel flat bars, which are welded to the side covers lc of the supporting structure 1 of the device and the frames 3a, 4a of the screening sieves 3,4. In a less beneficial example of implementation, they can be welded directly. However, in a more beneficial option of the solution, the side walls lc of the supporting structure 1 of the device contain welded angle plates 18, while the frames 3a, 4b of the screening sieves 3,4 contain bearings 19 screwed to them with plates 20 welded to these bearings 19. The support-spring ties 5,6 are screwed together by a bolt S with the angle plates 18 and with the plates 20.

[0020] In the beneficial option of the solution, the mesh 3c of the upper screening sieve 3 has a mesh size larger than the mesh 4c of the lower screening sieve 4, while the walls of the frames 3a, 4b of the screening sieves 3,4 have the upper fragments F curved outward, increasing the light of the embankment surface.

[0021] Tilting supports lb contain a pair of rubber wheels 21 facilitating transport of the machine. In addition, it can be advantageously retrofitted with a detachable drawbar 22 with support 22a and swivel wheel 22b and ball catch 22c. In the machine for sieving, both a combustion engine 2 and an electric motor can be used. This motor, is screwed to the tilting plate 23, which is mounted to the transverse baffle lg of the chamber le of the sieve drive unit. This motor drives the eccentric shaft 9 through an assembly of pulleys 24a, 24b and V-belts 25a, 25b. The pulleys 24b, 24c are located in a separate baffle lh of the supporting structure 1, which advantageously includes a tensioner 26 of the V-belts 25b.

Claims

Claims A machine for sieving and segregation of solid raw materials containing a supporting structure (1) equipped with an engine (2), to which at least one screening sieve (3,4) is attached for the embankment of solid raw materials, which comprises, among others, a frame (3a), transverse supports (3b) and a mesh (3c), characterized in that it contains at least two screening sieves (3,4), one above the other, which are attached to the supporting structure (1) of the device through support-spring ties (5, 6), while the screening sieves (3,4) are connected via pushers (7,8) to a transverse eccentric shaft (9), which is seated in bearings (10) attached to the supporting structure (1) of the machine. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric shaft (9) has at least one pair of eccentric elements (9a, 9b) with eccentric axes (01, 02) positioned opposite to the main axis (O) of the eccentric shaft (9), and beneficially has two pairs of eccentric elements (9a, 9b) each at both ends of the said shaft (9). The machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the eccentric elements (9a, 9b) of the eccentric shaft (9) are attached to it by bushings (10) containing eccentric cavities (10a), which have trenches (10b), while the axle (9c) of the eccentric shaft (9) contains grooves (9d), and locking wedges (11) are placed in these trencheslOb) and in the grooves (9d). The machine according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pushers (7,8) at their ends attached to the screening sieves (3,4) contain metal-rubber bushings (12) which are attached to sockets (13,14) welded to the frames (3b, 4b) of the screening sieves (3,4), while at their ends attached to the eccentric shaft (9), they contain outer plates (15) between which there is a spacer ring (16) inside of which there is a bearing (17), whereby this bearing (17) is seated on an eccentrically rotating bushing (10). The machine according to any of the claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the side walls (lc) of the supporting structure (1) of the device contain welded angle plates (18), while the frames (3b, 4b) of the screening sieves (3,4) contain screwed to them bearings (19) with welded plates (20) , which are screwed to the support-spring ties (5,6) and to the angle plates (18). The machine according to any of the claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the mesh (3c) of the upper screening sieve (3) has a mesh size larger than the mesh (4c) of the lower screening sieve (4), while the frames (3a, 4a) of the screening sieves (3,4) have the upper parts (F) curved outward, increasing the light of the embankment surface.