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WO2023035752A1 - Fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system - Google Patents

Fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035752A1
WO2023035752A1 PCT/CN2022/104326 CN2022104326W WO2023035752A1 WO 2023035752 A1 WO2023035752 A1 WO 2023035752A1 CN 2022104326 W CN2022104326 W CN 2022104326W WO 2023035752 A1 WO2023035752 A1 WO 2023035752A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
gas
housing
water
water separator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/104326
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢子义
王升科
邢晓明
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Yantai Dongde Industrial Co Ltd
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Yantai Dongde Industrial Co Ltd
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Application filed by Yantai Dongde Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Yantai Dongde Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of WO2023035752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035752A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04111Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04164Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system.
  • fuel cell engines In order to ensure the normal operation of fuel cell engines, fuel cell engines generally require auxiliary systems such as hydrogen supply subsystems, air supply subsystems, and circulating water cooling management subsystems. .
  • Fuel cells generate electrical energy through the electrochemical reaction between combustible substances (hydrogen) and oxygen in the air. After the fuel cell reacts, the exhaust gas contains a large amount of hydrogen. If these hydrogen are directly discharged into the atmosphere, on the one hand It is a waste of energy. On the other hand, it causes pollution to the environment. Third, hydrogen is flammable and explosive, which will cause danger. Therefore, it is necessary to recycle the hydrogen. At present, some hydrogen circulation pumps or injectors are used to circulate these hydrogen-containing mixed gases back to the fuel cell for recycling.
  • the gas-water separator is generally used.
  • the current gas-water separator, the hydrogen circulation pump and the ejector are generally set separately; at the same time, the ejector It is generally used to connect with the hydrogen source to pressurize the hydrogen gas.
  • a proportional valve is generally installed at the inlet of the hydrogen source of the ejector to adjust the intake pressure. At present, the proportional valve and the ejector are generally set separately.
  • these functional components are connected through pipelines, the transmission distance is long, loss will occur during transmission, the transmission efficiency will be reduced, the pipeline connection is complicated, the installation efficiency is low, the volume is large, and it takes up a large space, which is not easy in some areas with small space It is installed and used, and water is easy to accumulate in the pipeline, and it is easy to freeze and block when the temperature is too low.
  • the existing gas-water separator has a poor degree of integration and cannot detect the internal air pressure and liquid level well.
  • the bottom drain is easy to freeze and block, resulting in the failure of internal water discharge.
  • the present invention provides a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system, which solves the problems of separate installation of hydrogen supply parts in the hydrogen circuit, large volume, and large space occupation, and solves the problems of the hydrogen circuit in the past.
  • the hydrogen supply parts are complicated to connect through pipelines, and the problems of easy water accumulation and freezing blockage have been solved, which solves the problems of long transmission distance and loss during the transmission process of hydrogen supply components through pipeline connections in the past.
  • a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system comprising:
  • An integrated housing the integrated housing includes a lower gas-water separator housing, an upper ejector housing and a buffer chamber housing, and a hydrogen circulation pump is installed on the ejector housing;
  • One side of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return inlet, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a drain outlet, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet, which is installed inside the gas-water separator housing.
  • a high-pressure nozzle is installed on one side of the ejector housing, the front side of the high-pressure nozzle is a hydrogen source inlet, the periphery of the high-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure area, and the rear side of the high-pressure nozzle is a high-pressure area;
  • the air inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen return outlet, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the low pressure area;
  • the top of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a hydrogen inlet
  • one side of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve
  • the first proportional valve is connected to the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical channel in the buffer chamber housing
  • the second proportional valve communicates with the high-pressure area through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, the transverse passage in the ejector housing, and the longitudinal passage in the ejector housing.
  • the labyrinth structure includes:
  • a water baffle the water baffle is installed in the gas-water separator housing below the hydrogen return inlet, and the water baffle is used to prevent the water stored in the bottom of the gas-water separator housing from oscillating upwards, and the water baffle is There is a water drop hole on the water retaining plate;
  • the primary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing on the side opposite to the hydrogen return inlet, and the side of the first water dividing plate close to the hydrogen returning inlet is connected to the gas-water separator shell
  • the body is arranged at intervals, the side of the primary water separation plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the shell of the gas-water separator and a first gap is provided, and the side of the primary water separation plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is higher than The primary water separator is away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet;
  • the secondary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing above the primary water dividing plate, and the secondary water dividing plate is far away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator housing Set at intervals between them, the side of the secondary water dividing plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and has a second gap, and the side of the secondary water dividing plate away from the hydrogen returning inlet is higher than two The fraction water plate is close to the hydrogen return inlet side.
  • the water retaining plate includes an arc-shaped plate with a high middle and low ends, and the drain holes are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate.
  • the shell of the gas-water separator is integrally casted with the water retaining plate, the primary water dividing plate and the secondary water dividing plate.
  • the shell of the gas-water separator is integrally cast with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber.
  • the hydrogen circulation pump includes a connected motor housing, a bearing seat and a flow channel cover plate, the flow channel cover plate is connected to the ejector housing, a motor cavity is formed between the motor housing and the bearing seat, and the motor A stator, a rotor and a motor shaft are arranged in the chamber, and a pressurized chamber is formed between the bearing seat and the flow channel cover plate. With air inlet and outlet.
  • a drain valve is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator at the drain outlet to control the on-off of the drain outlet;
  • a gas-outlet detection pressure gauge is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator near the hydrogen return outlet for Detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet;
  • the gas-water separator housing near the drain is equipped with a liquid level gauge for detecting the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator housing;
  • the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is installed There is a heater for heating the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to prevent the drain from freezing and blocking;
  • a nitrogen exhaust valve is installed on the top of the gas-water separator shell to discharge the air inside the gas-water separator shell.
  • the high pressure zone includes a suction section, a mixing section and a diffusion section.
  • the inlet of the hydrogen source is equipped with an inlet detection pressure gauge for detecting the gas pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen source.
  • a switch valve is provided on the buffer chamber housing at the hydrogen inlet.
  • the present invention adopts above-mentioned scheme, has the following advantages:
  • the shell of the gas-water separator By integrating the shell of the gas-water separator with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber, it is used to install the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit, integrate the hydrogen circulation pump on the shell of the ejector, and integrate the first proportional valve ,
  • the second proportional valve is integrated on the buffer chamber housing, the first proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, and the second proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing 1.
  • the horizontal channel in the ejector shell and the longitudinal channel in the ejector shell are connected with the high-pressure area, which not only realizes the distribution of the proportion of hydrogen in the buffer chamber shell entering the hydrogen source inlet and the high-pressure area, but also has a small volume and occupies a lot of space. Small, it can be installed and used in some areas with small space, the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit is canceled, the gas transmission distance is short, the energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, the boosting efficiency is improved, and the installation efficiency High, to avoid freezing blockage caused by water accumulation in the pipeline when the temperature is too low;
  • the structure By integrating the gas outlet detection pressure gauge, liquid level gauge, heater, and drain valve into the shell of the gas-water separator, the structure is compact, the volume is small, and the degree of integration is high.
  • the gas outlet detection pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet.
  • the liquid level gauge is used to detect the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator shell, and when the water level reaches the set value, open the drain valve to discharge the water in time, and the heater is used to heat the bottom of the gas-water separator shell Prevent the drain from freezing and blocking;
  • the other part is blocked by the first-stage water-splitting plate and returned to the side between the side of the first-stage water-separating plate close to the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator shell, and the two parts are separated by the second-stage water-separating plate
  • the side of the hydrogen return inlet and the shell of the gas-water separator is transported backward to the hydrogen return outlet, and a part of the hydrogen-containing mixed gas enters from the hydrogen return inlet and is directly transported backward through the second gap to the hydrogen return outlet.
  • the water vapor in the mixed gas condenses into liquid droplets on the lower surfaces of the first water separator and the second water separator and falls down under the action of gravity; the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas
  • the upper surface of the fractionation water plate condenses into liquid droplets and flows to the first gap and the second gap to drop down, and finally flows into the bottom of the gas-water separator shell through the water drop hole on the water retaining plate, and finally discharges from the drain port .
  • the setting of the first water diversion plate and the second water diversion plate not only has a good water separation effect, but also can effectively separate hydrogen from water, avoiding flooding caused by a large amount of water entering the injector and stack, and the first gap and the second The setting of the two gaps can greatly reduce the resistance encountered when the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through, ensure the gas pressure at the hydrogen return outlet, and reduce the power consumption of the ejector.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a left view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along A-A in Fig. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along B-B in FIG. 2 .
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the gas-water separation structure of the present invention.
  • Gas-water separator housing 2. Ejector housing, 3. Buffer chamber housing, 4. Hydrogen return inlet, 5. Drain outlet, 6. Hydrogen return outlet, 7. High pressure nozzle, 8 .
  • Hydrogen source inlet 9. Low pressure area, 10. Hydrogen gas inlet, 11. First proportional valve, 12. Second proportional valve, 13. First vertical channel, 14. Second vertical channel, 15. Horizontal channel, 16. Longitudinal channel, 17. Water retaining plate, 18. Drainage hole, 19. Primary water diversion plate, 20. First gap, 21. Secondary water diversion plate, 22. Second gap, 23. Outlet gas detection pressure gauge , 24. Liquid level gauge, 25. Heater, 26. Nitrogen exhaust valve, 27. Drain valve, 28. Suction section, 29. Mixing section, 30. Diffusion section, 31. Intake detection pressure gauge, 32. On-off valve , 33, hydrogen circulation pump, 34, motor housing, 35, bearing seat, 36, flow channel cover plate, 37, impeller, 38, air inlet, 39, exhaust port.
  • a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system includes:
  • An integrated housing which includes a lower gas-water separator housing 1, an upper ejector housing 2 and a buffer chamber housing 3, and a hydrogen circulation pump 33 is installed on the ejector housing 2 ;
  • One side of the gas-water separator housing 1 is provided with a hydrogen return inlet 4, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a drain outlet 5, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet 6.
  • a labyrinth structure is installed inside the shell to separate the water in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas;
  • a high-pressure nozzle 7 is installed on one side of the ejector housing 2, the front side of the high-pressure nozzle is a hydrogen source inlet 8, and the periphery of the high-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure zone 9, and the rear side of the high-pressure nozzle is a high-pressure zone;
  • the air inlet 38 of the hydrogen circulation pump 33 is communicated with the hydrogen return outlet 6, and the exhaust port 39 of the hydrogen circulation pump is communicated with the low pressure zone 9;
  • the top of the buffer chamber housing 3 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 10, and one side of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a first proportional valve 11 and a second proportional valve 12, and the first proportional valve passes through the first vertical passage 13 in the buffer chamber housing. It communicates with the hydrogen source inlet 8, and the second proportional valve communicates with the high-pressure area through the second vertical passage 14 in the buffer chamber housing, the transverse passage 15 in the ejector housing, and the longitudinal passage 16 in the ejector housing.
  • the labyrinth structure includes:
  • Water baffle 17 the water baffle is installed in the gas-water separator housing below the hydrogen return inlet, and the water baffle is used to prevent the water stored in the bottom of the gas-water separator housing from oscillating upwards, so
  • the water retaining plate is provided with a water drop hole 18;
  • the primary water dividing plate 19 is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing on the side opposite to the hydrogen return inlet, the side of the primary water dividing plate close to the hydrogen returning inlet is connected to the gas-water separator
  • the shells are arranged at intervals, the side of the primary water dividing plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and a first gap 20 is provided, and the first level water dividing plate is close to the side of the hydrogen returning inlet It is higher than the first-level water dividing plate and away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet;
  • the secondary water dividing plate 21, the secondary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing above the primary water dividing plate, the side of the secondary water dividing plate is away from the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator shell
  • the body is arranged at intervals, the side of the secondary water separation plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator shell and a second gap 22 is provided, and the side of the secondary water separation plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is high On the side of the secondary water separator near the hydrogen return inlet.
  • the water baffle includes an arc-shaped plate with a high middle and low ends, and the drain holes are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate to facilitate the water on the water baffle to enter the housing of the air-water separator from the drain holes on both sides bottom.
  • the shell of the gas-water separator is integrally casted with the water retaining plate, the primary water dividing plate and the secondary water dividing plate.
  • the shell of the gas-water separator is integrally cast with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber.
  • the hydrogen circulation pump 33 includes a connected motor housing 34, a bearing seat 35 and a flow channel cover plate 36, the flow channel cover plate 36 is connected with the injector housing 2, and a motor housing and the bearing seat form a A motor chamber, the motor chamber is provided with a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft, a pressurized chamber is formed between the bearing seat and the flow channel cover, the motor shaft passes through the bearing seat and extends into the pressurized chamber and the impeller 37 is installed, An air inlet 38 and an air outlet 39 are arranged on the flow channel cover plate.
  • a drain valve 27 is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator at the drain to control the on-off of the drain; the housing of the gas-water separator near the hydrogen return outlet is equipped with a gas outlet detection pressure gauge 23, Used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet; the gas-water separator housing near the drain is equipped with a liquid level gauge 24 for detecting the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator housing; the gas-water separator housing A heater 25 is installed at the bottom of the body to heat the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to prevent the drain from freezing and blocking; a nitrogen discharge valve 26 is installed on the top of the gas-water separator shell to discharge the gas-water separator shell air inside the body.
  • the high pressure zone includes a suction section 28 , a mixing section 29 and a diffuser section 30 .
  • the inlet of the hydrogen source is equipped with an inlet detection pressure gauge 31 for detecting the gas pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen source.
  • a switch valve 32 is provided on the buffer chamber housing at the hydrogen inlet to control the on-off of the hydrogen inlet.
  • the hydrogen-containing mixed gas discharged from the fuel cell stack enters the shell of the gas-water separator from the hydrogen return inlet 4, part of it is blocked by the primary water separator plate 19 and transported backward from the first gap 20, and the other part is blocked by the primary separator plate 19.
  • the water plate prevents the return from being transported backward through the primary water dividing plate near the hydrogen return inlet side and the gas-water separator shell, and the two parts are separated from the gas-water through the second water dividing plate 21 on the side away from the hydrogen returning inlet Between the shells of the device, it is transported backward to the hydrogen return outlet, and a small amount of hydrogen-containing mixed gas enters from the hydrogen return inlet and is directly transported backward through the second gap 22 to the hydrogen return outlet.
  • the gas outlet detection pressure gauge is installed in the installation hole 23.
  • the gas outlet detection pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet 6 to ensure that the gas outlet pressure meets the requirements.
  • the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas condenses into liquid droplets on the lower surfaces of the first water separator plate and the second water separator plate and falls downwards under the action of gravity, and the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through the first water separator plate and the upper surface of the secondary water dividing plate condense into liquid droplets and flow to the first gap and the second gap to drop downwards, and finally flow into the bottom of the gas-water separator housing through the water falling hole 18 on the water retaining plate 17, and finally Discharge from drain 5.
  • the setting of the first water diversion plate and the second water diversion plate not only has a good water separation effect, but also can effectively separate hydrogen from water, avoiding flooding caused by a large amount of water entering the injector and stack, and the first gap and the second
  • the setting of the two gaps can greatly reduce the resistance encountered when the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through, ensure the gas pressure at the hydrogen return outlet, and reduce the power consumption of the ejector.
  • the gas discharged from the hydrogen return outlet 6 enters the pressurization chamber of the hydrogen circulation pump 33 through the air inlet 38, and after being pressurized by the high-speed rotating impeller 37, it enters the low-pressure area 9 of the ejector from the exhaust port 39, and then passes through the high-pressure chamber.
  • the suction section, mixing section and diffusion section of the zone are discharged backwards to realize the pressurization of the gas.
  • the hydrogen of the hydrogen source enters the buffer housing 3 from the hydrogen inlet 10 for buffering, and then a part of the hydrogen enters the hydrogen source inlet 8 through the first proportional valve 11 and the first vertical channel 13, and the hydrogen source inlet 8 can be installed
  • the inlet detection pressure gauge 31 is used to detect the inlet pressure.
  • the hydrogen gas at the hydrogen source inlet 8 is pressurized by the high-pressure nozzle 7, it is discharged backward through the suction section, the mixing section and the diffusion section of the high-pressure area; the other part of the hydrogen gas is discharged through the second The two proportional valves 12, the second vertical passage 14, the transverse passage 15, and the longitudinal passage 16 directly enter the high-pressure area and discharge backward.
  • the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen source is mixed with the dehydrated hydrogen-containing mixed gas and sent to the fuel cell stack.
  • the shell of the gas-water separator By integrating the shell of the gas-water separator with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber, it is used to install the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit, integrate the hydrogen circulation pump on the shell of the ejector, and integrate the first proportional valve ,
  • the second proportional valve is integrated on the buffer chamber housing, the first proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, and the second proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing 1.
  • the horizontal channel in the ejector shell and the longitudinal channel in the ejector shell are connected with the high-pressure area, which not only realizes the distribution of the proportion of hydrogen in the buffer chamber shell entering the hydrogen source inlet and the high-pressure area, but also has a small volume and occupies a lot of space. Small, it can be installed and used in some areas with small space, the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit is canceled, the gas transmission distance is short, the energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, the boosting efficiency is improved, and the installation efficiency High, to avoid freezing blockage caused by water accumulation in the pipeline when the temperature is too low.

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Abstract

A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system comprises: an integrated housing, the integrated housing comprising a lower gas-water separator housing, an upper ejector housing and a buffer chamber housing, a hydrogen circulation pump being disposed on the ejector housing. One side of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return inlet, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a water discharge opening, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet. A labyrinth structure is installed inside the gas-water separator housing, used for separating water in a hydrogen-containing gas mixture. By means of integrating the gas-water separator housing with the ejector housing and the buffer chamber housing, and integrating the hydrogen circulation pump onto the ejector housing, the size is small, and the system can be installed and used in areas having little space, so that a connecting pipeline between hydrogen supply components is eliminated, the gas transmission distance is short, energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, pressurizing efficiency is improved, installation efficiency is high, and ice formation blockage caused by water accumulation in the pipeline when the temperature is too low is prevented.

Description

一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system 技术领域:Technical field:

本发明涉及一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统。The invention relates to a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system.

背景技术:Background technique:

目前发展新能源燃料电池汽车被认为是交通能源动力转型的重要环节,为了保障燃料电池发动机正常工作,燃料电池发动机一般需要氢气供应子系统、空气供应子系统和循环水冷却管理子系统等辅助系统。燃料电池是通过可燃物质(氢气)与空气中的氧气之间的电化学反应产生电能,其中,燃料电池反应后,排出的气体中含有大量的氢气,这些氢气若直接排放到大气中,一方面是能源的浪费,另一方面是对环境造成污染,三是氢气易燃易爆会产生危险,因此,需要对这些氢气进行回收再利用。目前,有的采用氢气循环泵或引射器将这些含氢混合气体循环回燃料电池进行回收再利用。At present, the development of new energy fuel cell vehicles is considered an important link in the transformation of transportation energy and power. In order to ensure the normal operation of fuel cell engines, fuel cell engines generally require auxiliary systems such as hydrogen supply subsystems, air supply subsystems, and circulating water cooling management subsystems. . Fuel cells generate electrical energy through the electrochemical reaction between combustible substances (hydrogen) and oxygen in the air. After the fuel cell reacts, the exhaust gas contains a large amount of hydrogen. If these hydrogen are directly discharged into the atmosphere, on the one hand It is a waste of energy. On the other hand, it causes pollution to the environment. Third, hydrogen is flammable and explosive, which will cause danger. Therefore, it is necessary to recycle the hydrogen. At present, some hydrogen circulation pumps or injectors are used to circulate these hydrogen-containing mixed gases back to the fuel cell for recycling.

但是,燃料电池电堆在发电的过程中,反应生成的水会被含氢混合气体带出,导致含氢混合气体内的水蒸气含量很高,湿度很大,在这些含氢混合气体进入氢气循环泵或引射器之前,需要将水蒸气进行分离,现在一般采用气水分离器,现在的气水分离器与氢气循环泵和引射器,一般都是分体设置;同时,引射器一般用于与氢源连接,对氢气进行增压,引射器的氢源进口处一般设有比例阀,用于对进气压力进行调节,目前比例阀与引射器一般都是分体设置,这些功能部件之间通过管路进行连接,传输距离远,传输过程中会产生损耗,降低传输效率,管路连接复杂,安装效率低,体积大,占用空间大,在一些空间小的区域不易安装使用,且管路内容易积水,温度过低时容易结冰堵塞。同 时,现有的气水分离器,集成化程度差,不能很好的对内部气压及液位进行检测,而且温度过低时,底部排水口很容易结冰堵塞,导致内部水无法排出。另外,现有的气水分离器,有的分水效果差,不能有效的将未参加反应剩余的氢气与水分离,导致大量水进入氢气循环泵、引射器和电堆而产生水淹,造成电堆功率下降,影响燃料电池系统工作的稳定性;有的虽然分水效果好,但是内部结构过于复杂,含氢混合气体通过时受到的阻力非常大,造成气水分离器出气口的气压大大降低,从而增加了氢气循环泵、引射器的功率消耗。However, during the power generation process of the fuel cell stack, the water generated by the reaction will be taken out by the hydrogen-containing mixed gas, resulting in a high water vapor content and high humidity in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas. When these hydrogen-containing mixed gases enter the hydrogen Before the circulation pump or the ejector, the water vapor needs to be separated. Now the gas-water separator is generally used. The current gas-water separator, the hydrogen circulation pump and the ejector are generally set separately; at the same time, the ejector It is generally used to connect with the hydrogen source to pressurize the hydrogen gas. A proportional valve is generally installed at the inlet of the hydrogen source of the ejector to adjust the intake pressure. At present, the proportional valve and the ejector are generally set separately. , these functional components are connected through pipelines, the transmission distance is long, loss will occur during transmission, the transmission efficiency will be reduced, the pipeline connection is complicated, the installation efficiency is low, the volume is large, and it takes up a large space, which is not easy in some areas with small space It is installed and used, and water is easy to accumulate in the pipeline, and it is easy to freeze and block when the temperature is too low. At the same time, the existing gas-water separator has a poor degree of integration and cannot detect the internal air pressure and liquid level well. Moreover, when the temperature is too low, the bottom drain is easy to freeze and block, resulting in the failure of internal water discharge. In addition, some of the existing gas-water separators have poor water separation effect and cannot effectively separate the remaining hydrogen that has not participated in the reaction from water, resulting in a large amount of water entering the hydrogen circulation pump, ejector and stack, resulting in flooding. The power of the stack is reduced, which affects the stability of the fuel cell system; although some water separation effects are good, the internal structure is too complicated, and the resistance encountered when the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes is very large, resulting in the air pressure at the gas-water separator gas outlet. It is greatly reduced, thereby increasing the power consumption of the hydrogen circulation pump and ejector.

综上所述,燃料电池氢路供氢部件的集成问题,已成为行业内亟需解决的技术难题。To sum up, the integration of fuel cell hydrogen circuit hydrogen supply components has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the industry.

发明内容:Invention content:

本发明为了弥补现有技术的不足,提供了一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,解决了以往的氢路供氢部件分体设置、体积大、占用空间大的问题,解决了以往的氢路供氢部件通过管路连接复杂、易积水结冰堵塞的问题,解决了以往的氢路供氢部件通过管路连接传输距离远、传输过程中会产生损耗的问题。In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system, which solves the problems of separate installation of hydrogen supply parts in the hydrogen circuit, large volume, and large space occupation, and solves the problems of the hydrogen circuit in the past. The hydrogen supply parts are complicated to connect through pipelines, and the problems of easy water accumulation and freezing blockage have been solved, which solves the problems of long transmission distance and loss during the transmission process of hydrogen supply components through pipeline connections in the past.

本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,包括:A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system, comprising:

集成壳体,所述集成壳体包括下部的气水分离器壳体、上部的引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体,所述引射器壳体上安装有氢气循环泵;An integrated housing, the integrated housing includes a lower gas-water separator housing, an upper ejector housing and a buffer chamber housing, and a hydrogen circulation pump is installed on the ejector housing;

所述气水分离器壳体一侧设有回氢入口,气水分离器壳体底部设有排水口,气水分离器壳体顶部设有回氢出口,在气水分离器壳体内部安装有迷宫结构,用于将含氢混合气体中的水进行分离;One side of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return inlet, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a drain outlet, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet, which is installed inside the gas-water separator housing. There is a labyrinth structure, which is used to separate the water in the hydrogen-containing gas mixture;

所述引射器壳体内部一侧安装有高压喷嘴,高压喷嘴前侧为氢源进口,高压喷嘴外围设有低压区,所述高压喷嘴后侧为高压区;A high-pressure nozzle is installed on one side of the ejector housing, the front side of the high-pressure nozzle is a hydrogen source inlet, the periphery of the high-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure area, and the rear side of the high-pressure nozzle is a high-pressure area;

所述氢气循环泵的进气口与回氢出口相连通,所述氢气循环泵的排气口与低压区相连通;The air inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen return outlet, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the low pressure area;

所述缓冲腔壳体顶部设有氢气进口,缓冲腔壳体一侧设有第一比例阀和第二比例阀,第一比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第一竖向通道与氢源进口相连通,第二比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第二竖向通道、引射器壳体内的横向通道、引射器壳体内的纵向通道与高压区相连通。The top of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a hydrogen inlet, and one side of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the first proportional valve is connected to the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical channel in the buffer chamber housing The second proportional valve communicates with the high-pressure area through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, the transverse passage in the ejector housing, and the longitudinal passage in the ejector housing.

所述迷宫结构包括:The labyrinth structure includes:

挡水板,所述挡水板安装在回氢入口下方的气水分离器壳体内,所述挡水板用于防止气水分离器壳体底部内储存的水振荡时向上漾出,所述挡水板上设有落水孔;A water baffle, the water baffle is installed in the gas-water separator housing below the hydrogen return inlet, and the water baffle is used to prevent the water stored in the bottom of the gas-water separator housing from oscillating upwards, and the water baffle is There is a water drop hole on the water retaining plate;

一级分水板,所述一级分水板倾斜安装在与回氢入口相对一侧的气水分离器壳体内,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置,所述一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第一豁口,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧高于一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧;The primary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing on the side opposite to the hydrogen return inlet, and the side of the first water dividing plate close to the hydrogen returning inlet is connected to the gas-water separator shell The body is arranged at intervals, the side of the primary water separation plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the shell of the gas-water separator and a first gap is provided, and the side of the primary water separation plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is higher than The primary water separator is away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet;

二级分水板,所述二级分水板倾斜安装在一级分水板上方的气水分离器壳体内,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置,所述二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第二豁口,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧高于二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧。The secondary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing above the primary water dividing plate, and the secondary water dividing plate is far away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator housing Set at intervals between them, the side of the secondary water dividing plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and has a second gap, and the side of the secondary water dividing plate away from the hydrogen returning inlet is higher than two The fraction water plate is close to the hydrogen return inlet side.

所述挡水板包括中间高、两端低的弧形板,所述落水孔设在弧形板的两侧。The water retaining plate includes an arc-shaped plate with a high middle and low ends, and the drain holes are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate.

所述气水分离器壳体与挡水板、一级分水板、二级分水板一体铸造成型制成。The shell of the gas-water separator is integrally casted with the water retaining plate, the primary water dividing plate and the secondary water dividing plate.

所述气水分离器壳体与引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体一体铸造成型制成。The shell of the gas-water separator is integrally cast with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber.

所述氢气循环泵包括相连接的电机壳体、轴承座和流道盖板,流道盖板与引射器壳体连接,电机壳体与轴承座之间形成电机腔,所述电机腔内设有定子、转子和电机轴,轴承座和流道盖板之间形成增压腔,所述电机轴穿出轴承座伸至增压腔内并安装叶轮,所述流道盖板上设有进气口和排气口。The hydrogen circulation pump includes a connected motor housing, a bearing seat and a flow channel cover plate, the flow channel cover plate is connected to the ejector housing, a motor cavity is formed between the motor housing and the bearing seat, and the motor A stator, a rotor and a motor shaft are arranged in the chamber, and a pressurized chamber is formed between the bearing seat and the flow channel cover plate. With air inlet and outlet.

所述排水口处的气水分离器壳体上安装有排水阀,用于控制排水口的通断;所述靠近回氢出口的气水分离器壳体上安装有出气检测压力表,用于检测回氢出口的气体压力;所述靠近排水口的气水分离器壳体上安装有液位计,用于检测气水分离器壳体内底部的水位;所述气水分离器壳体底部安装有加热器,用于对气水分离器壳体底部加热防止排水口结冰堵塞;所述气水分离器壳体顶部安装有排氮阀,用于排出气水分离器壳体内部空气。A drain valve is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator at the drain outlet to control the on-off of the drain outlet; a gas-outlet detection pressure gauge is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator near the hydrogen return outlet for Detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet; the gas-water separator housing near the drain is equipped with a liquid level gauge for detecting the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator housing; the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is installed There is a heater for heating the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to prevent the drain from freezing and blocking; a nitrogen exhaust valve is installed on the top of the gas-water separator shell to discharge the air inside the gas-water separator shell.

所述高压区包括吸入段、混合段和扩散段。The high pressure zone includes a suction section, a mixing section and a diffusion section.

所述氢源进口安装有进气检测压力表,用于检测氢源进口的气体压力。The inlet of the hydrogen source is equipped with an inlet detection pressure gauge for detecting the gas pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen source.

所述氢气进口处的缓冲腔壳体上设有开关阀。A switch valve is provided on the buffer chamber housing at the hydrogen inlet.

本发明采用上述方案,具有以下优点:The present invention adopts above-mentioned scheme, has the following advantages:

通过将气水分离器壳体与引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体集成于一体,用来安装氢路供氢部件,将氢气循环泵集成在引射器壳体上,将第一比例阀、第二比例阀集成在缓冲腔壳体上,第一比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第一竖向通道与氢源进口相连通,第二比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第二竖向通道、引射器壳体内的横向通道、引射器壳体内的纵向通道与高压区相连通,不仅实现对缓冲腔壳体内氢气进入氢源进口和高压区的比例进行分配,而且体积小,占用空间小,在一些空间小的区域可以安装使用,取消了氢路供氢部件之间的连接管路,气体传输距离短,减小了传输过程中的能量损耗,提升了增压效率,且安装效率高,避免了温度过低时因管路内积水导致的结冰堵塞情况;By integrating the shell of the gas-water separator with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber, it is used to install the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit, integrate the hydrogen circulation pump on the shell of the ejector, and integrate the first proportional valve , The second proportional valve is integrated on the buffer chamber housing, the first proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, and the second proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing 1. The horizontal channel in the ejector shell and the longitudinal channel in the ejector shell are connected with the high-pressure area, which not only realizes the distribution of the proportion of hydrogen in the buffer chamber shell entering the hydrogen source inlet and the high-pressure area, but also has a small volume and occupies a lot of space. Small, it can be installed and used in some areas with small space, the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit is canceled, the gas transmission distance is short, the energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, the boosting efficiency is improved, and the installation efficiency High, to avoid freezing blockage caused by water accumulation in the pipeline when the temperature is too low;

通过将出气检测压力表、液位计、加热器、排水阀集成到气水分离器壳体上,结构紧凑,体积小,集成化程度高,出气检测压力表用于检测回氢出口的气体压力,以保证出气压力满足要求,液位计用于检测气水分离器壳体内底部的水位,水位达到设定值后及时打开排水阀将水排出,加热器用于对气水分离器壳体底部加热防止排水口结冰堵塞;By integrating the gas outlet detection pressure gauge, liquid level gauge, heater, and drain valve into the shell of the gas-water separator, the structure is compact, the volume is small, and the degree of integration is high. The gas outlet detection pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet. , to ensure that the outlet pressure meets the requirements, the liquid level gauge is used to detect the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator shell, and when the water level reaches the set value, open the drain valve to discharge the water in time, and the heater is used to heat the bottom of the gas-water separator shell Prevent the drain from freezing and blocking;

通过在气水分离器壳体内设置一级分水板和二级分水板,含氢混合气体从回氢入口进入气水分离器内部之后,一部分被一级分水板阻挡后从第一豁口向后输送,另一部分被一级分水板阻挡返回经一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间向后输送,这两部分再经二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间向后输送至回氢出口,还有一部分含氢混合气体从回氢入口进入后直接经第二豁口向后输送至回氢出口,含氢混合气体内的水蒸气在一级分水板和二级分水板的下表面凝结成液滴并受重力作用向下滴落,含氢混合气体内的水蒸气在一级分水板和二级分水板的上表面凝结成液滴并流至第一豁口和第二豁口向下滴落,最后经挡水板上的落水孔汇入气水分离器壳体底部,最后从排水口排出。一级分水板和二级分水板的设置,不仅分水效果好,能有效的将氢气与水分离,避免大量水进入引射器和电堆而产生水淹,而且第一豁口和第二豁口的设置,可大大减小含氢混合气体通过时受到的阻力,保证了回氢出口的气体压力,减小了引射器的功率消耗。By setting the primary water separation plate and the secondary water separation plate in the shell of the gas-water separator, after the hydrogen-containing mixed gas enters the interior of the gas-water separator from the hydrogen return inlet, part of it is blocked by the primary water separation plate and passes through the first gap. Transported backwards, the other part is blocked by the first-stage water-splitting plate and returned to the side between the side of the first-stage water-separating plate close to the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator shell, and the two parts are separated by the second-stage water-separating plate The side of the hydrogen return inlet and the shell of the gas-water separator is transported backward to the hydrogen return outlet, and a part of the hydrogen-containing mixed gas enters from the hydrogen return inlet and is directly transported backward through the second gap to the hydrogen return outlet. The water vapor in the mixed gas condenses into liquid droplets on the lower surfaces of the first water separator and the second water separator and falls down under the action of gravity; the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas The upper surface of the fractionation water plate condenses into liquid droplets and flows to the first gap and the second gap to drop down, and finally flows into the bottom of the gas-water separator shell through the water drop hole on the water retaining plate, and finally discharges from the drain port . The setting of the first water diversion plate and the second water diversion plate not only has a good water separation effect, but also can effectively separate hydrogen from water, avoiding flooding caused by a large amount of water entering the injector and stack, and the first gap and the second The setting of the two gaps can greatly reduce the resistance encountered when the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through, ensure the gas pressure at the hydrogen return outlet, and reduce the power consumption of the ejector.

附图说明:Description of drawings:

图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图2为本发明的左视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a left view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图3为图2中的A-A剖视结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along A-A in Fig. 2 .

图4为图2中的B-B剖视结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along B-B in FIG. 2 .

图5为本发明的气水分离结构原理示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the gas-water separation structure of the present invention.

图中,1、气水分离器壳体,2、引射器壳体,3、缓冲腔壳体,4、回氢入口,5、排水口,6、回氢出口,7、高压喷嘴,8、氢源进口,9、低压区,10、氢气进口,11、第一比例阀,12、第二比例阀,13、第一竖向通道,14、第二竖向通道,15、横向通道,16、纵向通道,17、挡水板,18、落水孔,19、一级分水板,20、第一豁口,21、二级分水板,22、第二豁口,23、出气检测压力表,24、液位计,25、加热器,26、排氮阀,27、排水阀,28、吸入段,29、混合段,30、扩散段,31、进气检测压力表,32、开关阀,33、氢气循环泵,34、电机壳体,35、轴承座,36、流道盖板,37、叶轮,38、进气口,39、排气口。In the figure, 1. Gas-water separator housing, 2. Ejector housing, 3. Buffer chamber housing, 4. Hydrogen return inlet, 5. Drain outlet, 6. Hydrogen return outlet, 7. High pressure nozzle, 8 . Hydrogen source inlet, 9. Low pressure area, 10. Hydrogen gas inlet, 11. First proportional valve, 12. Second proportional valve, 13. First vertical channel, 14. Second vertical channel, 15. Horizontal channel, 16. Longitudinal channel, 17. Water retaining plate, 18. Drainage hole, 19. Primary water diversion plate, 20. First gap, 21. Secondary water diversion plate, 22. Second gap, 23. Outlet gas detection pressure gauge , 24. Liquid level gauge, 25. Heater, 26. Nitrogen exhaust valve, 27. Drain valve, 28. Suction section, 29. Mixing section, 30. Diffusion section, 31. Intake detection pressure gauge, 32. On-off valve , 33, hydrogen circulation pump, 34, motor housing, 35, bearing seat, 36, flow channel cover plate, 37, impeller, 38, air inlet, 39, exhaust port.

具体实施方式:Detailed ways:

为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过具体实施方式,并结合其附图,对本发明进行详细阐述。In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific implementation modes and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1-5所示,一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,包括:As shown in Figure 1-5, a fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system includes:

集成壳体,所述集成壳体包括下部的气水分离器壳体1、上部的引射器壳体2和缓冲腔壳体3,所述引射器壳体2上安装有氢气循环泵33;An integrated housing, which includes a lower gas-water separator housing 1, an upper ejector housing 2 and a buffer chamber housing 3, and a hydrogen circulation pump 33 is installed on the ejector housing 2 ;

所述气水分离器壳体1一侧设有回氢入口4,气水分离器壳体底部设有排水口5,气水分离器壳体顶部设有回氢出口6,在气水分离器壳体内部安装有迷宫结构,用于将含氢混合气体中的水进行分离;One side of the gas-water separator housing 1 is provided with a hydrogen return inlet 4, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a drain outlet 5, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet 6. A labyrinth structure is installed inside the shell to separate the water in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas;

所述引射器壳体2内部一侧安装有高压喷嘴7,高压喷嘴前侧为氢源进口8,高压喷嘴外围设有低压区9,所述高压喷嘴后侧为高压区;A high-pressure nozzle 7 is installed on one side of the ejector housing 2, the front side of the high-pressure nozzle is a hydrogen source inlet 8, and the periphery of the high-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure zone 9, and the rear side of the high-pressure nozzle is a high-pressure zone;

所述氢气循环泵33的进气口38与回氢出口6相连通,所述氢气循环泵的排气口39与低压区9相连通;The air inlet 38 of the hydrogen circulation pump 33 is communicated with the hydrogen return outlet 6, and the exhaust port 39 of the hydrogen circulation pump is communicated with the low pressure zone 9;

所述缓冲腔壳体3顶部设有氢气进口10,缓冲腔壳体一侧设有第一比例阀11和第二比例阀12,第一比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第一竖向通道13与氢源进口8相连通,第二比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第二竖向通道14、引射器壳体内的横向通道15、引射器壳体内的纵向通道16与高压区相连通。The top of the buffer chamber housing 3 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 10, and one side of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a first proportional valve 11 and a second proportional valve 12, and the first proportional valve passes through the first vertical passage 13 in the buffer chamber housing. It communicates with the hydrogen source inlet 8, and the second proportional valve communicates with the high-pressure area through the second vertical passage 14 in the buffer chamber housing, the transverse passage 15 in the ejector housing, and the longitudinal passage 16 in the ejector housing.

所述迷宫结构包括:The labyrinth structure includes:

挡水板17,所述挡水板安装在回氢入口下方的气水分离器壳体内,所述挡水板用于防止气水分离器壳体底部内储存的水振荡时向上漾出,所述挡水板上设有落水孔18;Water baffle 17, the water baffle is installed in the gas-water separator housing below the hydrogen return inlet, and the water baffle is used to prevent the water stored in the bottom of the gas-water separator housing from oscillating upwards, so The water retaining plate is provided with a water drop hole 18;

一级分水板19,所述一级分水板倾斜安装在与回氢入口相对一侧的气水分离器壳体内,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置,所述一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第一豁口20,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧高于一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧;The primary water dividing plate 19, the primary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing on the side opposite to the hydrogen return inlet, the side of the primary water dividing plate close to the hydrogen returning inlet is connected to the gas-water separator The shells are arranged at intervals, the side of the primary water dividing plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and a first gap 20 is provided, and the first level water dividing plate is close to the side of the hydrogen returning inlet It is higher than the first-level water dividing plate and away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet;

二级分水板21,所述二级分水板倾斜安装在一级分水板上方的气水分离器壳体内,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置,所述二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第二豁口22,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧高于二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧。The secondary water dividing plate 21, the secondary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing above the primary water dividing plate, the side of the secondary water dividing plate is away from the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator shell The body is arranged at intervals, the side of the secondary water separation plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator shell and a second gap 22 is provided, and the side of the secondary water separation plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is high On the side of the secondary water separator near the hydrogen return inlet.

所述挡水板包括中间高、两端低的弧形板,所述落水孔设在弧形板的两侧,便于挡水板上的水从两侧的落水孔进入气水分离器壳体底部。The water baffle includes an arc-shaped plate with a high middle and low ends, and the drain holes are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate to facilitate the water on the water baffle to enter the housing of the air-water separator from the drain holes on both sides bottom.

所述气水分离器壳体与挡水板、一级分水板、二级分水板一体铸造成型制成。The shell of the gas-water separator is integrally casted with the water retaining plate, the primary water dividing plate and the secondary water dividing plate.

所述气水分离器壳体与引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体一体铸造成型制成。The shell of the gas-water separator is integrally cast with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber.

所述氢气循环泵33包括相连接的电机壳体34、轴承座35和流道盖板36, 流道盖板36与引射器壳体2连接,电机壳体与轴承座之间形成电机腔,所述电机腔内设有定子、转子和电机轴,轴承座和流道盖板之间形成增压腔,所述电机轴穿出轴承座伸至增压腔内并安装叶轮37,所述流道盖板上设有进气口38和排气口39。The hydrogen circulation pump 33 includes a connected motor housing 34, a bearing seat 35 and a flow channel cover plate 36, the flow channel cover plate 36 is connected with the injector housing 2, and a motor housing and the bearing seat form a A motor chamber, the motor chamber is provided with a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft, a pressurized chamber is formed between the bearing seat and the flow channel cover, the motor shaft passes through the bearing seat and extends into the pressurized chamber and the impeller 37 is installed, An air inlet 38 and an air outlet 39 are arranged on the flow channel cover plate.

所述排水口处的气水分离器壳体上安装有排水阀27,用于控制排水口的通断;所述靠近回氢出口的气水分离器壳体上安装有出气检测压力表23,用于检测回氢出口的气体压力;所述靠近排水口的气水分离器壳体上安装有液位计24,用于检测气水分离器壳体内底部的水位;所述气水分离器壳体底部安装有加热器25,用于对气水分离器壳体底部加热防止排水口结冰堵塞;所述气水分离器壳体顶部安装有排氮阀26,用于排出气水分离器壳体内部空气。A drain valve 27 is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator at the drain to control the on-off of the drain; the housing of the gas-water separator near the hydrogen return outlet is equipped with a gas outlet detection pressure gauge 23, Used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet; the gas-water separator housing near the drain is equipped with a liquid level gauge 24 for detecting the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator housing; the gas-water separator housing A heater 25 is installed at the bottom of the body to heat the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to prevent the drain from freezing and blocking; a nitrogen discharge valve 26 is installed on the top of the gas-water separator shell to discharge the gas-water separator shell air inside the body.

所述高压区包括吸入段28、混合段29和扩散段30。The high pressure zone includes a suction section 28 , a mixing section 29 and a diffuser section 30 .

所述氢源进口安装有进气检测压力表31,用于检测氢源进口的气体压力。The inlet of the hydrogen source is equipped with an inlet detection pressure gauge 31 for detecting the gas pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen source.

所述氢气进口处的缓冲腔壳体上设有开关阀32,用于控制氢气进口的通断。A switch valve 32 is provided on the buffer chamber housing at the hydrogen inlet to control the on-off of the hydrogen inlet.

工作原理:working principle:

燃料电池电堆排出的含氢混合气体从回氢入口4进入气水分离器壳体内部之后,一部分被一级分水板19阻挡后从第一豁口20向后输送,另一部分被一级分水板阻挡返回经一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间向后输送,这两部分再经二级分水板21远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间向后输送至回氢出口,还有小量含氢混合气体从回氢入口进入后直接经第二豁口22向后输送至回氢出口,出气检测压力表安装孔23内安装的出气检测压力表用于检测回氢出口6的气体压力,以保证出气压力满足要求。含氢混合气体内的水蒸气在一级分水板和二级分水板的下表面凝结成液滴并受重力作用向下滴落,含氢混合气体内的水蒸气在一级分水板和二级分水板的上表面凝结成液滴 并流至第一豁口和第二豁口向下滴落,最后经挡水板17上的落水孔18汇入气水分离器壳体底部,最后从排水口5排出。一级分水板和二级分水板的设置,不仅分水效果好,能有效的将氢气与水分离,避免大量水进入引射器和电堆而产生水淹,而且第一豁口和第二豁口的设置,可大大减小含氢混合气体通过时受到的阻力,保证了回氢出口的气体压力,减小了引射器的功率消耗。从回氢出口6排出的气体经进气口38进入氢气循环泵33的增压腔,经高速旋转的叶轮37增压后,从排气口39进入引射器的低压区9,然后经高压区的吸入段、混合段和扩散段向后排出,实现了对气体的增压。同时,氢源的氢气从氢气进口10先进入缓冲区壳体3内进行缓冲,然后一部分氢气经第一比例阀11、第一竖向通道13进入氢源进口8,氢源进口8处可安装进气检测压力表31,用于检测进气压力,氢源进口8的氢气经高压喷嘴7增压后,再经高压区的吸入段、混合段和扩散段向后排出;另一部分氢气经第二比例阀12、第二竖向通道14、横向通道15、纵向通道16直接进入高压区向后排出,氢源的氢气与脱水后的含氢混合气体混合向后输送至燃料电池电堆。通过将气水分离器壳体与引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体集成于一体,用来安装氢路供氢部件,将氢气循环泵集成在引射器壳体上,将第一比例阀、第二比例阀集成在缓冲腔壳体上,第一比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第一竖向通道与氢源进口相连通,第二比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第二竖向通道、引射器壳体内的横向通道、引射器壳体内的纵向通道与高压区相连通,不仅实现对缓冲腔壳体内氢气进入氢源进口和高压区的比例进行分配,而且体积小,占用空间小,在一些空间小的区域可以安装使用,取消了氢路供氢部件之间的连接管路,气体传输距离短,减小了传输过程中的能量损耗,提升了增压效率,且安装效率高,避免了温度过低时因管路内积水导致的结冰堵塞情况。After the hydrogen-containing mixed gas discharged from the fuel cell stack enters the shell of the gas-water separator from the hydrogen return inlet 4, part of it is blocked by the primary water separator plate 19 and transported backward from the first gap 20, and the other part is blocked by the primary separator plate 19. The water plate prevents the return from being transported backward through the primary water dividing plate near the hydrogen return inlet side and the gas-water separator shell, and the two parts are separated from the gas-water through the second water dividing plate 21 on the side away from the hydrogen returning inlet Between the shells of the device, it is transported backward to the hydrogen return outlet, and a small amount of hydrogen-containing mixed gas enters from the hydrogen return inlet and is directly transported backward through the second gap 22 to the hydrogen return outlet. The gas outlet detection pressure gauge is installed in the installation hole 23. The gas outlet detection pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen outlet 6 to ensure that the gas outlet pressure meets the requirements. The water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas condenses into liquid droplets on the lower surfaces of the first water separator plate and the second water separator plate and falls downwards under the action of gravity, and the water vapor in the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through the first water separator plate and the upper surface of the secondary water dividing plate condense into liquid droplets and flow to the first gap and the second gap to drop downwards, and finally flow into the bottom of the gas-water separator housing through the water falling hole 18 on the water retaining plate 17, and finally Discharge from drain 5. The setting of the first water diversion plate and the second water diversion plate not only has a good water separation effect, but also can effectively separate hydrogen from water, avoiding flooding caused by a large amount of water entering the injector and stack, and the first gap and the second The setting of the two gaps can greatly reduce the resistance encountered when the hydrogen-containing mixed gas passes through, ensure the gas pressure at the hydrogen return outlet, and reduce the power consumption of the ejector. The gas discharged from the hydrogen return outlet 6 enters the pressurization chamber of the hydrogen circulation pump 33 through the air inlet 38, and after being pressurized by the high-speed rotating impeller 37, it enters the low-pressure area 9 of the ejector from the exhaust port 39, and then passes through the high-pressure chamber. The suction section, mixing section and diffusion section of the zone are discharged backwards to realize the pressurization of the gas. At the same time, the hydrogen of the hydrogen source enters the buffer housing 3 from the hydrogen inlet 10 for buffering, and then a part of the hydrogen enters the hydrogen source inlet 8 through the first proportional valve 11 and the first vertical channel 13, and the hydrogen source inlet 8 can be installed The inlet detection pressure gauge 31 is used to detect the inlet pressure. After the hydrogen gas at the hydrogen source inlet 8 is pressurized by the high-pressure nozzle 7, it is discharged backward through the suction section, the mixing section and the diffusion section of the high-pressure area; the other part of the hydrogen gas is discharged through the second The two proportional valves 12, the second vertical passage 14, the transverse passage 15, and the longitudinal passage 16 directly enter the high-pressure area and discharge backward. The hydrogen gas from the hydrogen source is mixed with the dehydrated hydrogen-containing mixed gas and sent to the fuel cell stack. By integrating the shell of the gas-water separator with the shell of the ejector and the shell of the buffer chamber, it is used to install the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit, integrate the hydrogen circulation pump on the shell of the ejector, and integrate the first proportional valve , The second proportional valve is integrated on the buffer chamber housing, the first proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, and the second proportional valve communicates with the hydrogen source inlet through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing 1. The horizontal channel in the ejector shell and the longitudinal channel in the ejector shell are connected with the high-pressure area, which not only realizes the distribution of the proportion of hydrogen in the buffer chamber shell entering the hydrogen source inlet and the high-pressure area, but also has a small volume and occupies a lot of space. Small, it can be installed and used in some areas with small space, the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen supply parts of the hydrogen circuit is canceled, the gas transmission distance is short, the energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, the boosting efficiency is improved, and the installation efficiency High, to avoid freezing blockage caused by water accumulation in the pipeline when the temperature is too low.

上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。The above specific implementation manners cannot be regarded as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any substitution, improvement or transformation made to the implementation manners of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明未详述之处,均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are known technologies of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:包括:A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: comprising: 集成壳体,所述集成壳体包括下部的气水分离器壳体、上部的引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体,所述引射器壳体上安装有氢气循环泵;An integrated housing, the integrated housing includes a lower gas-water separator housing, an upper ejector housing and a buffer chamber housing, and a hydrogen circulation pump is installed on the ejector housing; 所述气水分离器壳体一侧设有回氢入口,气水分离器壳体底部设有排水口,气水分离器壳体顶部设有回氢出口,在气水分离器壳体内部安装有迷宫结构,用于将含氢混合气体中的水进行分离;One side of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return inlet, the bottom of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a drain outlet, and the top of the gas-water separator housing is provided with a hydrogen return outlet, which is installed inside the gas-water separator housing. There is a labyrinth structure, which is used to separate the water in the hydrogen-containing gas mixture; 所述引射器壳体内部一侧安装有高压喷嘴,高压喷嘴前侧为氢源进口,高压喷嘴外围设有低压区,所述高压喷嘴后侧为高压区;A high-pressure nozzle is installed on one side of the ejector housing, the front side of the high-pressure nozzle is a hydrogen source inlet, the periphery of the high-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure area, and the rear side of the high-pressure nozzle is a high-pressure area; 所述氢气循环泵的进气口与回氢出口相连通,所述氢气循环泵的排气口与低压区相连通;The air inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the hydrogen return outlet, and the exhaust port of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected with the low pressure area; 所述缓冲腔壳体顶部设有氢气进口,缓冲腔壳体一侧设有第一比例阀和第二比例阀,第一比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第一竖向通道与氢源进口相连通,第二比例阀经缓冲腔壳体内的第二竖向通道、引射器壳体内的横向通道、引射器壳体内的纵向通道与高压区相连通。The top of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a hydrogen inlet, and one side of the buffer chamber housing is provided with a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve, and the first proportional valve is connected to the hydrogen source inlet through the first vertical channel in the buffer chamber housing The second proportional valve communicates with the high-pressure area through the second vertical passage in the buffer chamber housing, the transverse passage in the ejector housing, and the longitudinal passage in the ejector housing. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述迷宫结构包括:The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth structure comprises: 挡水板,所述挡水板安装在回氢入口下方的气水分离器壳体内,所述挡水板用于防止气水分离器壳体底部内储存的水振荡时向上漾出,所述挡水板上设有落水孔;A water baffle, the water baffle is installed in the gas-water separator housing below the hydrogen return inlet, and the water baffle is used to prevent the water stored in the bottom of the gas-water separator housing from oscillating upwards, and the water baffle is There is a water drop hole on the water retaining plate; 一级分水板,所述一级分水板倾斜安装在与回氢入口相对一侧的气水分离器壳体内,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置, 所述一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第一豁口,所述一级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧高于一级分水板远离回氢入口一侧;The primary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing on the side opposite to the hydrogen return inlet, and the side of the first water dividing plate close to the hydrogen returning inlet is connected to the gas-water separator shell The body is arranged at intervals, the side of the first-stage water separation plate away from the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and has a first gap, and the side of the first-level water separation plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is higher than The primary water separator is away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet; 二级分水板,所述二级分水板倾斜安装在一级分水板上方的气水分离器壳体内,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体之间间隔设置,所述二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧与气水分离器壳体固连且设有第二豁口,所述二级分水板远离回氢入口一侧高于二级分水板靠近回氢入口一侧。The secondary water dividing plate is obliquely installed in the gas-water separator housing above the primary water dividing plate, and the secondary water dividing plate is far away from the side of the hydrogen return inlet and the gas-water separator housing Set at intervals between them, the side of the secondary water dividing plate close to the hydrogen return inlet is fixedly connected with the gas-water separator housing and has a second gap, and the side of the secondary water dividing plate away from the hydrogen returning inlet is higher than two The fraction water plate is close to the hydrogen return inlet side. 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述挡水板包括中间高、两端低的弧形板,所述落水孔设在弧形板的两侧。The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water baffle includes an arc-shaped plate with a high middle and low ends, and the drain holes are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped plate . 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述气水分离器壳体与挡水板、一级分水板、二级分水板一体铸造成型制成。A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shell of the gas-water separator is integrally cast with the water baffle, the primary water diversion plate, and the secondary water diversion plate . 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述气水分离器壳体与引射器壳体和缓冲腔壳体一体铸造成型制成。The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas-water separator housing, the ejector housing and the buffer chamber housing are integrally cast and formed. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述氢气循环泵包括相连接的电机壳体、轴承座和流道盖板,流道盖板与引射器壳体连接,电机壳体与轴承座之间形成电机腔,所述电机腔内设有定子、转子和电机轴,轴承座和流道盖板之间形成增压腔,所述电机轴穿出轴承座伸至增压腔内并安装叶轮,所述流道盖板上设有进气口和排气口。The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen circulation pump includes a connected motor housing, a bearing seat, and a flow channel cover, and the flow channel cover is connected to the ejector The motor housing is connected with the housing, and a motor chamber is formed between the motor housing and the bearing seat. The stator, rotor and motor shaft are arranged in the motor chamber, and a pressurized chamber is formed between the bearing seat and the runner cover. The motor shaft Pass through the bearing seat and extend into the pressurized chamber and install the impeller, and the flow channel cover plate is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述排水口处的气水分离器壳体上安装有排水阀,用于控制排水口的通断;所述靠近回氢出口的气水分离器壳体上安装有出气检测压力表,用于检测回氢出口的气体压力;所述靠近排水口的气水分离器壳体上安装有液位计,用于检测气 水分离器壳体内底部的水位;所述气水分离器壳体底部安装有加热器,用于对气水分离器壳体底部加热防止排水口结冰堵塞;所述气水分离器壳体顶部安装有排氮阀,用于排出气水分离器壳体内部空气。A fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a drain valve is installed on the housing of the gas-water separator at the drain port to control the on-off of the drain port; A gas outlet detection pressure gauge is installed on the shell of the gas-water separator near the hydrogen return outlet to detect the gas pressure at the hydrogen return outlet; a liquid level gauge is installed on the shell of the gas-water separator near the drain for Detect the water level at the bottom of the gas-water separator shell; a heater is installed at the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to heat the bottom of the gas-water separator shell to prevent the drain from freezing and blocking; the gas-water separator shell A nitrogen discharge valve is installed on the top of the body to discharge the air inside the shell of the gas-water separator. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述高压区包括吸入段、混合段和扩散段。The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure zone includes a suction section, a mixing section and a diffusion section. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池集成式供氢系统,其特征在于:所述氢源进口安装有进气检测压力表,用于检测氢源进口的气体压力。The fuel cell integrated hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inlet of the hydrogen source is equipped with an inlet detection pressure gauge for detecting the gas pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen source. 根据权利要求1所述的一种集成式燃料电池氢路供氢调节系统,其特征在于:所述氢气进口处的缓冲腔壳体上设有开关阀。The integrated fuel cell hydrogen circuit hydrogen supply regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a switch valve is provided on the buffer chamber housing at the hydrogen inlet.
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