WO2023042889A1 - 薬剤を塗布したマイクロニードルアレイ - Google Patents
薬剤を塗布したマイクロニードルアレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023042889A1 WO2023042889A1 PCT/JP2022/034612 JP2022034612W WO2023042889A1 WO 2023042889 A1 WO2023042889 A1 WO 2023042889A1 JP 2022034612 W JP2022034612 W JP 2022034612W WO 2023042889 A1 WO2023042889 A1 WO 2023042889A1
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- drug
- microneedle array
- needle
- microneedle
- tip
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0021—Intradermal administration, e.g. through microneedle arrays, needleless injectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0023—Drug applicators using microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0046—Solid microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
- A61M2037/0053—Methods for producing microneedles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
- A61M2205/0238—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials the material being a coating or protective layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2207/00—Methods of manufacture, assembly or production
Definitions
- the present invention relates to microneedle arrays coated with drugs, and relates to the field of transdermal preparations.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a painless transdermal administration method using a microneedle array has recently attracted attention.
- the stratum corneum of the skin acts as a barrier for drug permeation, and simply applying the drug to the skin surface does not always provide sufficient permeability.
- the drug permeation efficiency can be remarkably improved as compared with the coating method.
- a microneedle array is obtained by accumulating a large number of such microneedles on a substrate.
- a microneedle patch is an easy-to-use product obtained by adding an adhesive sheet for adhering the microneedle array to the skin or a release sheet for protecting the adhesive surface.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 A method of coating the microneedle surface with a drug using a drug solution (Patent Documents 1 to 4), and a method of granulating the drug and centrifuging it while the microneedle is soft to collect the drug at the tip of the microneedle (Patent Document 5). It has been reported.
- the method of coating the surface of the microneedle with a drug or the method of attaching the drug to the tip of the microneedle from a drug solution has the problem that the drug needs to be heated, or the drug adhered to the microneedle peels off when the microneedle is inserted. was there.
- a method has been proposed in which a drug is dissolved in the solvent of the microneedle material to integrate the adhering drug and the microneedle main body to prevent peeling off (Patent Document 6).
- Patent Documents 1-4, 6 The method of immersing the tip of the microneedle in the drug solution to attach the drug to the tip of the microneedle is simple and easy to put into practical use.
- Patent Documents 1-4, 6 it is very difficult to apply a drug to the tip of a microneedle quantitatively and with little variation.
- capillary action causes the aqueous solution of the drug to easily spread between the needles. rise to Therefore, although many attempts have been made to immerse the microneedle array in an aqueous drug solution to a certain depth and retain the drug quantitatively, it is extremely difficult.
- Patent Document 2 In order to prevent capillarity, a method has been proposed in which areas other than the tip of the microneedle are masked and the drug is applied (Patent Document 2). A method has also been proposed in which a drug is put into a large number of holes and microneedles are inserted into the holes to increase the quantitativeness of the amount of drug adhered (Patent Document 4). However, implementing these methods is very complicated.
- Patent Document 7 a microneedle in which a microneedle is provided with a step, a drug is carried on the step, the tip of the microneedle is exposed, and a sharp tip is maintained (Patent Document 7), or a drug is held between the tip and the step
- Patent Document 8 A technique has also been developed for quantitatively administering a drug (Patent Document 8).
- Patent Document 9 when applying a drug to a microneedle of a specific length, by adjusting the position of the lower end of the application part or the maximum diameter of the application part, it is possible to minimize the remaining part of the drug in the stratum corneum after skin administration.
- Patent Document 9 A technique has also been developed (Patent Document 9).
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-029710 Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2007-521090 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-520370 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-139648 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-507573 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-224308 JP 2015-109963 A JP 2014-079557 A JP 2018-108375 A
- the inventors actually applied a microneedle array with a drug applied to the tip of the microneedles to animals and a skin substitute (laminated parafilm), and evaluated the skin penetration of the microneedles in detail.
- the diameter of the apex of the needle tip of the microneedle itself (before drug application) is 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, the needle length is 350 ⁇ m or more and 1,500 ⁇ m or less, and the aspect ratio is 3 or more circular, elliptical, or polygonal. It is a fine needle, and the microneedle itself can be easily inserted into the skin.
- An object of the present invention is to find suitable application conditions with respect to the geometric shape of the application material and the position on the needle in the application type microneedle, and to provide a practical microneedle formulation.
- the present inventors have conducted detailed studies on a wide variety of microneedles coated with a drug in terms of the amount of drug applied, the position of application, the diameter of the application, etc., and have made earnest efforts to improve the ability of the needle to be inserted into the skin.
- the present inventors have found that the intended purpose can be achieved by combining microneedles of a specific shape and drug application portions of a specific ratio, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as described below.
- the needle length is 350 ⁇ m or more and 1,500 ⁇ m or less
- the diameter of the apex of the needle tip is 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less
- the microneedle array is made of a non-biologically soluble substance having a drug application portion.
- a microneedle array characterized in that the needle tip apex is not coated with a drug.
- a microneedle array wherein the apex of the tip of the needle is not coated with a drug.
- microneedle array according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the drug is applied in an amount of 0.001 to 30 ⁇ g per needle.
- a group in which the bioinsoluble polymer is nylon, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, COP (cyclic olefin polymer) and mixtures thereof
- [9] Selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, collagen, dextrin, dextran, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, alginic acid, glucose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, and mixtures thereof on the drug-applied part
- the microneedle array according to any one of [1] to [8], in which a water-soluble substance is present.
- a drug-containing coating liquid having a viscosity of 50 to 2,000 mPa ⁇ s (25° C.) is applied onto the microneedle array, and the upper end of the drug-applied portion after the drying step is at a position lower than the upper end of the needle by 30 ⁇ m or more. setting and drying to A method for manufacturing a microneedle array in which the needle tip apex is not coated with a drug.
- the microneedles to be mounted on the microneedle array of the present invention have a needle length of 350 ⁇ m or more and 1,500 ⁇ m or less, and a diameter of the tip apex of 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the aspect ratio of the needle itself is preferably 3 or more, and specifically, it is a circular, oval, or polygonal thin needle, and the needle density is 50 to 1,500/cm. 2 .
- the microneedle array of the present invention may be made of a bio-insoluble substance.
- a bio-insoluble polymer for example, titanium, stainless steel, etc. can be used. Among them, it is suitable to use a bio-insoluble polymer as a base.
- bio-insoluble polymer refers to a polymer that does not completely dissolve for at least 15 minutes after being molded into a microneedle and pierced into the skin.
- polymers that are easily injection molded or press molded are preferred, such as nylon, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, COP (cyclic olefin polymer). and mixtures thereof.
- the base of the microneedle array of the present invention may be hyaluronic acid, dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxyl, as long as it does not completely dissolve for at least 15 minutes after being molded into microneedles and pierced into the skin. It may be a polymer selected from the group consisting of propylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
- the microneedle array of the present invention is characterized in that the upper end of the drug application portion is located at a position lower than the upper end of the needle by 30 ⁇ m or more. In other words, it is clear that there is no drug on the upper end of the microneedle to which the drug is applied, and that the upper end of the microneedle is unapplied.
- the lower end and the upper end of the drug-coated portion are values obtained by measuring the lower end and the upper end of the microneedle coated with the drug in the vertical direction from the substrate of the microneedle array.
- the length of the drug-applied portion is represented by the difference between the lower end and the upper end of the microneedle to which the drug is applied.
- Microneedle arrays in which drugs are applied to the tip of the needles, dramatically improve drug permeation efficiency by perforating the stratum corneum of the skin, which is a barrier to drug permeation, during percutaneous administration of drugs among transdermal absorption preparations.
- the drug application position plays an important role in the ability to insert the needle into the skin, and thus the ability to deliver the drug to the skin.
- the drug-coated microneedle array in which the upper end of the needle does not contain a drug and retains the shape of sharp and thin microneedles, exhibited extremely good skin-insertability.
- the microneedle array having the material to be applied on the upper part of the needles had a large skin resistance during insertion, and as a result, the needles were inferior in skin-insertability.
- the shape of the microneedles and the position of the application part of the drug are specified, thereby successfully reducing the amount of the drug remaining in the stratum corneum.
- the microneedle array of the present invention is a percutaneously absorbable preparation with enhanced transdermal drug delivery efficiency. Rare drugs can be delivered to the dermis layer with little burden on the body, and can be transferred to the blood to maintain blood drug concentration.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a microneedle having steps.
- FIG. 2 is an image showing an example in which a drug is applied to the tip of a microneedle and an example in which a drug is not applied to the tip of a microneedle, and microscopic images corresponding to Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a micrograph of the microneedle array used in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a micrograph of the microneedle array used in Examples 2-5.
- 5 is a micrograph of the tip of the microneedle after application of the drug of Example 6.
- FIG. 6 is a micrograph of the tip of the microneedle after application of the drug of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is an image showing an example in which a drug is applied to the tip of a microneedle and an example in which a drug is not applied to the tip of a microneedle, and microscopic images corresponding to Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a
- FIG. 7 is a micrograph of microneedles before application of the drug of Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. 8 is a micrograph of microneedles before application of the drug of Example 7.
- FIG. 9 is a micrograph of microneedles before application of the drug of Comparative Example 4.
- the microneedles constituting the microneedle array have a needle length of 350 ⁇ m or more and 1,500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 400 ⁇ m or more and 1,000 ⁇ m or less, in order to ensure percutaneous absorption of the drug. If the length of the needle is less than 350 ⁇ m, the application area becomes narrow, which is not suitable. If the needle length exceeds 1,500 ⁇ m, bleeding may occur.
- the diameter of the apex of the tip of the needle is 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, in order to make it easier to pierce the skin and reduce drug residue on the skin.
- the diameter of the tip portion is less than 15 ⁇ m, the strength of the tip portion is weak, and when the microneedle is inserted into the skin, the tip portion may bend due to skin resistance, resulting in poor insertion. If the diameter of the tip exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the tip is too large to be inserted into the skin.
- the needle itself (needle before drug application) has an aspect ratio of 3 or more, and is a fine needle with a circular, elliptical, or polygonal bottom surface shape (outer shape of the bottom surface). If the aspect ratio is less than 3, there is a risk that the microneedle will be pushed back from the skin in a short period of time even if it is once inserted into the skin by impact injection because the tip part becomes thicker rapidly.
- the aspect ratio of the needle is obtained by the following formula.
- Needle aspect ratio A/B
- the diameter (B) of the needle root portion means the diameter of the circle when the shape of the needle root portion (the shape of the bottom surface of the needle) is circular. shape) is an ellipse, it means the length of the major axis of the ellipse, and when the needle base shape (shape of the bottom surface of the needle) is a polygon, it means the length of the diagonal line of the polygon.
- the needle density is 50-1,500 needles/cm 2 .
- Each microneedle has a cylindrical or conical shape with a circular base, or an elliptical cylindrical or elliptical cone shape with an elliptical base.
- the major axis is expressed as the diameter, and the minor axis is shorter than the major axis as long as the ellipse can be formed.
- These shaped microneedles may have steps.
- the step means that the cross-sectional area of the microneedle decreases discontinuously from a certain point of the microneedle toward the distal end, and the cross section presents a stepped shape as shown in FIG.
- This example is a two-step microneedle.
- the shape of the stepped microneedle will be described with reference to FIG.
- the length of the needle is 300 to 1,500 ⁇ m
- the tip portion is 50 to 450 ⁇ m
- the remainder is the bottom portion.
- the size of the edge 2 of the step between the tip and the bottom is preferably larger than 10 ⁇ m and smaller than 100 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 14 to 50 ⁇ m. 4 indicates the substrate of the microneedle array.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of two steps, there may be many steps.
- a three-stepped microneedle preferably has a tip, a middle and a bottom, each having a length of 50-450 ⁇ m.
- the edge 2 of the step is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the microneedle (a plane parallel to the substrate) within the working accuracy.
- the size of the edge 2 of the step refers to the difference in radius between the tip and bottom of the step.
- the tip may be conical, cylindrical, cylindric, or elliptical conical, depending on the shape of the microneedle.
- the base may be a truncated cone, a truncated cylinder, a truncated elliptical cone, or a truncated elliptical cone, depending on the shape of the microneedle.
- the microneedle array of the present invention has a drug-applied portion.
- the drug-applied part is characterized in that it is not at the tip of the microneedle, but at a position of 30 ⁇ m or less from the tip. In other words, when the tip of the microneedle is directed upward, the upper end of the drug-applied portion is at a position lower than the tip of the needle by 30 ⁇ m or more.
- the length of the drug-applied portion is typically 100 ⁇ m or more and 800 ⁇ m or less, preferably 150 ⁇ m or more and 600 ⁇ m or less.
- the length of the drug-coated portion is a value obtained by measuring the lower end and the upper end of the microneedle coated with the drug in the vertical direction from the substrate of the microneedle array.
- the length of the drug-applied portion is the distance along the length direction of the microneedle from the lower end of the drug-applied portion to the upper end of the drug-applied portion.
- the drug-applied portion has a different thickness depending on the drug-containing coating liquid and the number of times of application.
- the thickness of the application portion can be represented by the maximum diameter near the center of the drug application portion.
- the diameter near the center of the drug-applied portion is larger than the diameter of the microneedle before drug application.
- the maximum diameter of the drug-applied portion is 300 ⁇ m or less.
- the maximum diameter of the drug-applied portion is desirably 200 ⁇ m or less, more desirably 150 ⁇ m or less. If the maximum diameter of the drug-applied part is too large, it will be difficult to insert it into the skin.
- the maximum diameter of the drug-applied portion may be 50 ⁇ m or more, or may be 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the total weight of the applied material containing the drug per needle is desirably 0.001 to 30 ⁇ g.
- the total weight of the drug applied per needle is desirably 0.001 to 30 ⁇ g.
- the present inventors found that if the thickest diameter near the center of the drug-applied portion of the microneedle is within a predetermined range, the remaining keratin of the drug is reduced, and it is practical. We have found that a microneedle array can be realized.
- the drug applied to the microneedles is not particularly limited as long as it is a drug that has been conventionally used as a transdermal absorption preparation.
- antihypertensive agent local anesthetic, hormone agent, antihistamine, general anesthetic, sleep analgesic, antiepileptic, neuropsychiatric agent, skeletal muscle relaxant, autonomic agent, antiparkinsonian agent, diuretic, blood vessel Constrictors, respiratory stimulants, narcotics, and antigenic components of pathogens (eg, vaccine antigen proteins), and the like.
- the content of the medicinal ingredient can be appropriately set according to the properties of the ingredient, the purpose of administration, the subject of administration, the number of administrations, and the like.
- the medicament may also be a cosmetic raw material, in particular a valuable ingredient.
- drug refers to a substance having a pharmacological action, and the term “drug” is as described above, but the terms “drug” and “drug” can be used interchangeably.
- drugs are low molecular weight compounds with a molecular weight of 600 or less, but high molecular weight drugs can also be used.
- Preferred high-molecular weight drugs include, for example, physiologically active peptides and their derivatives, nucleic acids, oligonucleotides, various antigenic proteins, bacteria, virus fragments, and the like.
- physiologically active peptides and their derivatives include calcitonin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, epidermal growth factor (EGF), parathyroid hormone (PTH), hPTH (1 ⁇ 34), insulin, atrial natriuretic peptide, Growth hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, endothelin, salts thereof and the like.
- GEF epidermal growth factor
- PTH parathyroid hormone
- hPTH hPTH (1 ⁇ 34)
- insulin atrial natriuretic peptide
- Growth hormone growth hormone releasing hormone
- endothelin salts thereof and the like.
- Antigen proteins include influenza antigen, Japanese encephalitis antigen, diphtheria, tetanus antigen, HBs surface antigen, HBe antigen and the like.
- the base of microneedles is preferably a polymer that can be easily injection molded or press molded, such as nylon, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer, polyglycolic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, COPs (cyclic olefin polymers) and mixtures thereof.
- the bioinsoluble polymer is hyaluronic acid, dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium chondroitin sulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose, as long as it has the property of not completely dissolving for at least 15 minutes after being molded into microneedles and pierced into the skin.
- Polyvinyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof may be used.
- a microneedle array can be mass-produced using a template (mold).
- a microneedle array based on an injection-moldable polymer may be produced by injection molding the base using a mold (for example, JP-A-2003-238347, [0017], [0018]). described method).
- a mold for injection molding can be made of stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, superalloy, or the like.
- a typical mold has cuts corresponding to 100 to 1000 microneedles per square cm to create the shape of the microneedles.
- a fine processing means such as a grinder can be used to make the notch.
- the base aqueous solution may be poured into a mold and dried before removal (e.g., the method described in JP-A-2009-273872, [0029]-[0031]).
- the drug is applied to the microneedle array by immersing the tips of the microneedles in the drug-containing coating liquid to retain the drug on the tips of the microneedles.
- the drug-containing coating liquid is typically an aqueous solution, but may contain a solvent other than water in order to dissolve the drug. Also, the drug may be completely dissolved or dispersed in the solvent.
- the coexisting substance be dissolved in the drug-containing coating liquid, and the drug and the coexisting substance be retained in the microneedles when dried after application.
- the coexisting substance must be a substance that does not impair the stability of the drug.
- Low-molecular-weight sugars such as high molecular weight substances, glucose, sucrose, maltose and trehalose, or mixtures thereof are suitable.
- the coating liquid preferably has a viscosity of 50 to 2,000 mPa ⁇ s (25° C.). If the viscosity is too low, the amount applied to the microneedles tends to be small. If the viscosity is too high, the fluidity is lowered due to the high viscosity, and the application itself becomes difficult. The solution viscosity is measured using a Brookfield viscometer with an HB2 spindle at a rotation speed of 30 rpm.
- the coexisting substance is only a water-soluble polymer substance
- the dissolution time of the applied film in the skin may be long when the microneedle is applied to the skin.
- a film consisting only of low-molecular-weight sugars has insufficient mechanical strength. Therefore, a mixture of a water-soluble polymer and a low-molecular-weight saccharide is desirable as a coexisting substance of the drug-containing coating liquid in which the microneedles are immersed.
- the ratio of the low-molecular-weight sugars is desirably 80% by mass or less with respect to the total weight of the coexisting substances.
- the concentration of the coexisting substance in the drug-containing coating liquid is desirably 2% by mass to 50% by mass, considering the viscosity of the coating liquid.
- concentration is lower than 2% by mass, the viscosity of the drug-containing coating solution is low and the amount of coating adhesion during immersion is small.
- concentration exceeds 50% by mass, drug application is not stable.
- the immersion time and number of times can be set according to the affinity between the microneedle base and the drug-containing coating liquid, and the drug is applied so that the diameter near the center of the drug-applied part has a desired value. After application, it is dried until the solvent evaporates. Drying may be natural drying or forced drying by blowing dry air, nitrogen gas, or the like.
- the drug solution reservoir is filled with a drug-containing application liquid, and the microneedle array is immersed from above to adhere the drug to the needles.
- the device must be able to control the immersion depth with an accuracy of about 20 microns in order to strictly define the immersion depth of the microneedle array.
- the immersion distance and immersion time in the drug-containing coating liquid are adjusted to determine whether the needle is to be applied intensively to the upper end of the needle or to be applied to the lower portion.
- the transdermal preparation of the present invention consists of a microneedle array having a drug-applied portion.
- the transdermal preparation of the present invention is administered to animals having skin tissue.
- animals include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds (eg, poultry such as chickens, quails, turkeys, ducks, geese, aigamos, and ostriches), and mammals. Mammals may or may not include humans.
- FIG. 2 is an image showing an example in which a drug is applied to the tip of a microneedle and an example in which a drug is not applied to the tip of a microneedle, and photographs corresponding to Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is an image showing an example in which a drug is applied to the tip of a microneedle and an example in which a drug is not applied to the tip of a microneedle, and photographs corresponding to Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 A microneedle array (PGA-MN) was manufactured by injection molding polyglycolic acid (Kredax, Kureha Co., Ltd.) as a raw material at an injection temperature of 260°C.
- PGA-MN substrate has an elliptical shape with a major axis of 1.4 mm, a minor axis of 1.2 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm, and has a pedestal with a thickness of 1.0 mm on its top.
- the needle had a three-stage structure, and had a total length of 900 ⁇ m, and the lengths of the tip, intermediate, and root portions were 300 ⁇ m. The total number of needles was 193.
- root diameter 190 ⁇ m.
- the coating liquid and coating conditions are as follows. 1) Hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC), dextran 70, and trehalose were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:3 to form a 30% by mass aqueous solution to prepare a coating solution. 2) The tip of the PGA-MN was immersed in the coating solution in the container to adhere the coating solution to the tip of the needle. 3) It was dried overnight in a desiccator. By changing the coating depth and coating speed, Comparative Example 1 product and Example 1 product shown in FIG. 2 were manufactured. The uncoated portion of the product of Example 1 is immersed in the coating liquid, and strictly speaking, it is not completely uncoated.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
- dextran 70 dextran 70
- trehalose trehalose
- No coating in the present invention means that the coating thickness is less than 1 ⁇ m, which is not observed with an optical microscope.
- Test example 1 Application of PGA-MN formulation to Parafilm 1) Ten layers of parafilm (thickness: 130 ⁇ m), which are commonly used for evaluation of microneedle insertion, were stacked. 2) The product of Comparative Example 1 and the product of Example 1 shown in Fig. 2 were administered by impact using an applicator. 3) The PGA-MN was taken out and the through-holes of the parafilm were observed to evaluate the depth to which it had reached. The depth reached by 80% or more of the total number of needles (193 needles) was defined as the reached depth. Results: The reach depth of the product of Comparative Example 1 was 390 ⁇ m, and the reach depth of the product of Example 1 was 520 ⁇ m. Although the product of Example 1 is 1.7 times heavier than the product of Comparative Example 1, the needle insertability is better.
- Test Example 2 Application of PGA-MN formulation to excised pig skin 1) Microneedles of Comparative Example 1 product and Example 1 product were administered to excised pig skin with a thickness of 2 mm. 2) The porcine skin after administration was observed by OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography, THORABS, model: GANYMEDE) to evaluate the reaching depth (insertion depth) of the needle. Table 1 shows the results of four measurements and the average value.
- OCT Optical Coherence Tomography
- Example 1 Although the product of Example 1 is 1.7 times heavier than the product of Comparative Example 1, needle insertion into pig skin is better.
- Examples 2-5 Using polyglycolic acid (Credax, Kureha Co., Ltd.) as a raw material, injection molding was performed at an injection temperature of 260° C. to produce microneedles.
- An overview of the PGA-MN used in the experiment is shown in FIG.
- the PGA-MN substrate has an elliptical shape with a major axis of 1.4 mm, a minor axis of 1.2 mm and a thickness of 1.0 mm, and has a pedestal with a thickness of 1.0 mm on its top.
- the needle had a three-stage structure, had a total length of 900 ⁇ m, and had a total of 232 needles.
- Example 2 Tip diameter: 40 ⁇ m, root diameter: 190 ⁇ m.
- the microneedles were coated with the same coating liquid as in Example 1 to prepare four kinds of microneedles as shown in Table 2.
- the viscosity was 260 mPa ⁇ S.
- the test of Test Example 1 (applied to parafilm) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the reaching depth (insertion depth) was measured.
- This example shows that the thickness of the application part greatly affects the needle insertability.
- microneedle administration was performed using an applicator under the conditions of a spring with a spring constant of 0.26 N/mm and a length of 70 mm.
- a greater difference between tip-coated and uncoated microneedles was observed.
- the present invention is considered important for obtaining practical microneedle formulations.
- Example 6 and Comparative Example 2 Microneedles were molded under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2 using polyglycolic acid (Credax, Kureha Co., Ltd.) as a raw material. The shape and size of the molded microneedles were the same as those of the microneedles in Example 2, except that the needle tip diameter was 28 ⁇ m. The drug was applied using these microneedles.
- the coating liquid was an aqueous solution containing 10% by mass of hyaluronic acid and 0.001% by mass of Rhodamine B. The solution viscosity was 450 mPa ⁇ S (25° C.). The tips of the microneedles were immersed in the coating solution placed in a container, pulled out and dried to form a coating layer.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are micrographs of coated microneedles with maximum coated diameters of 240 ⁇ m and 310 ⁇ m. The main dimensions are summarized in Table 3.
- Comparative example 3 A 10% by weight acetone solution of polylactic acid was poured into a concave mold with a thin tip, and pressure was formed by centrifugation to form needles, which were removed from the mold to form a microneedle array.
- the tip thickness was 11 ⁇ m.
- the coating liquid was an aqueous solution containing 10% by mass of hyaluronic acid and 0.001% by mass of Rhodamine B.
- the tips of the microneedles were immersed in the coating solution placed in a container, pulled out and dried to form a coating layer.
- a photograph of microneedles before application is shown in FIG.
- Example 7 Comparative Example 4 A microneedle array with a thick tip was molded in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3, except that the concave mold had a thick tip. The coating conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 3. Photographs of microneedles before application are shown in FIGS.
- Test Example 3 Application of microneedle arrays of 5 types to pig skin excised pig administration
- 5 microneedle arrays of Examples 6 and 7 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 were applied to pig skin excised skin. was administered to 10 minutes after administration, the array was withdrawn and the residual smear on the array was observed and the results were summarized as follows. (1) The applied portion of the needle entered the skin, and almost all of the applied material migrated into the skin. (2) Most of the applied material remained on the needle because the diameter of the application part was large and not all of the application part of the needle entered the skin. (3) Many of the needles did not enter the skin because the tip was bent, and much of the applied material remained on the needles. (4) Since the diameter of the tip of the needle was large and only a part of the applied part of the needle penetrated the skin, most of the applied material remained on the needle.
- the diameter of the apex of the tip of the needle is preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and the maximum diameter of the application portion is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less.
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Abstract
Description
疎水性の素材からなるマイクロニードルでは、薬物を水溶液から塗布すること自体が困難であり、親水性素材からなるマイクロニードルを単に薬物水溶液に浸漬すると、毛管現象により薬物水溶液は針の間に極めて容易に上昇する。従って、マイクロニードルアレイを薬物水溶液に一定の深さまで浸漬し、薬物を定量的に保持させることは、これまで多くの試みがなされてきたが極めて困難である。
本発明は、以下に示す通りである。
〔1〕 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有する生体非溶解性物質を素材とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないことを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔2〕 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有する生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないことを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔3〕 前記薬剤の塗布部の上端が前記針先端部頂点から30μm以上低い位置であることを特徴とする〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔4〕 前記薬剤の塗布部の最大直径が300μm以下であることを特徴とする〔3〕に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔5〕 前記針のアスペクト比が3以上であることを特徴とする〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔6〕 前記針1本あたり薬剤の塗布物が0.001~30μgであることを特徴とする〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔7〕 生体非溶解性高分子が、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー) 及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる〔2〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔8〕 生体非溶解性高分子が、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる〔2〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔9〕 薬剤の塗布部にヒアルロン酸、コラーゲン、デキストリン、デキストラン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、アルギン酸、グルコース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる水溶性物質が共存している、〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかに記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
〔10〕 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下である生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイを準備する工程、及び
溶液粘度が50~2,000mPa・s(25℃)である薬剤含有塗布液を、前記マイクロニードルアレイ上に塗布し、乾燥工程後の薬剤の塗布部の上端は針の上端から30μm以上低い位置となるように設定し、乾燥させる工程、を含む、
針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないマイクロニードルアレイを製造する方法。
あるいは、本発明のマイクロニードルアレイの基剤は、マイクロニードルに成型し皮膚に刺し入れした後に少なくとも15分間は完全溶解しない性質を有する限りは、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる高分子であってもよい。
薬剤の塗布部の下端と上端は、薬剤が塗布されたマイクロニードルの下端と上端とをマイクロニードルアレイの基板から垂直方向にそれぞれ測定して求めた値である。薬剤の塗布部の長さは、薬剤が塗布されたマイクロニードルの下端と上端との差で表す。
マイクロニードルアレイを構成するマイクロニードルは、薬物の経皮吸収を確実にするため、針長さが350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、好ましくは400μm以上1,000μm以下である。針長さが350μm未満では塗布部の狭小となり不適である。針長さが1,500μmを超えると出血の恐れがある。針の先端部頂点の直径は、皮膚への刺し入れの容易性と皮膚への薬物残りを低減させるため、15μm以上100μm以下であり、20μm以上60μm以下が好ましい。先端部直径が15μm未満では先端部の強度が弱くマイクロニードルを皮膚に挿入する際に先端部が皮膚抵抗により曲がり挿入不良となることがある。先端部直径が100μmを超えると先端部が大きすぎてやはり皮膚挿入に難がある。
針自体(薬物塗布以前の針)のアスペクト比は3以上であり、針の底面の形状(底面の外形)が円形、楕円形、又は多角形の細い針である。アスペクト比が3未満では先端部から急激に太くなるのでいったん衝撃的投与により皮膚挿入されてもマイクロニードルが短時間で皮膚から押し戻される危険性がある。なお、針のアスペクト比は、下記式で求められる。
針のアスペクト比=A/B
A:針長さ(μm)
B:針根本部の直径(μm)
なお、上記針根本部の直径(B)とは、針根本部の形状(針の底面の形状)が円形の場合には該円の直径を意味し、針根本部の形状(針の底面の形状)が楕円形の場合には該楕円の長径を意味し、針根本部の形状(針の底面の形状)が多角形の場合には該多角形の対角線の長さを意味する。
針密度は50~1,500本/cm2である。針密度が50本/cm2未満では薬物塗布量が少なく、1,500本/cm2を超えると高密度ゆえに針の皮膚挿入に問題が起こることが多い。
個々のマイクロニードルは、底面が円である円柱状もしくは円錐状、又は、底面が楕円である楕円柱状もしくは楕円錐状である。楕円の大きさを表す場合、長径を直径として表し、短径は楕円を形成できる限りにおいて長径より短い。これらの形状のマイクロニードルは、段差を有していてもよい。
なお、段差の縁2は工作精度の範囲でマイクロニードルの軸に対し直交する面(基板に平行な面)である。また段差の縁2の大きさとは、段差の部分における先端部と底部の半径の差をいう。先端部はマイクロニードルの形状に応じて、円錐形、円柱形、楕円柱形、楕円錐形であってもよい。同様に、底部はマイクロニードルの形状に応じて、円錐台、円柱台、楕円柱台、楕円錐台であってもよい。
本発明のマイクロニードルアレイは、薬剤の塗布部を有する。薬剤の塗布部は、マイクロニードルの先端部ではなく先端部から30μm以下の位置にあるのが特徴である。言い換えるとマイクロニードルの先端を上に向けた場合、薬剤の塗布部の上端は、針の先端から30μm以上低い位置にある。薬剤の塗布部の長さは、典型的には100μm以上800μm以下であり、150μm以上600μm以下が好ましい。
薬剤の塗布部の長さは、薬剤が塗布されたマイクロニードルの下端と上端とをマイクロニードルアレイの基板から垂直方向にそれぞれ測定して求めた値である。薬剤の塗布部の長さは、薬剤の塗布部の下端から薬剤の塗布部の上端までのマイクロニードルの長さ方向に沿う距離である。
他方、薬剤の塗布部は、薬剤含有塗布液及び塗布回数に応じて、厚みは異なる。本発明においては、塗布部の厚みを、薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の最大直径で表すことができる。薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の直径は、薬剤塗布前のマイクロニードルの直径よりも大きくなる。
薬剤の塗布部の最大直径は300μm以下である。薬剤の塗布部の最大直径は200μm以下が望ましく、150μm以下がより望ましい。薬剤の塗布部の最大直径が大きすぎると、皮膚挿入が困難となり、小さすぎると薬物の塗布量が低く薬物の体内送達量が低くなる。薬剤の塗布部の最大直径は、50μm以上であってもよく、100μm以上であってもよい。
1本ニードルあたりの薬剤を含む塗布物の総重量は0.001~30μgが望ましい。1本ニードルあたりの薬剤の塗布物の総重量は0.001~30μgが望ましい。
本発明者らは、マイクロニードルの薬剤の塗布部の位置に加えて、薬剤の塗布部の中央近傍の最も厚い直径が所定の範囲内であると、薬剤の角質残りが低減され、実用的なマイクロニードルアレイを実現できることを見出した。
薬剤としては、従来から経皮吸収製剤として使用されている薬剤であれば特に限定されず、例えば、解熱鎮痛消炎剤、ステロイド系抗炎症剤、血管拡張剤、不整脈用剤、血圧降下剤、局所麻酔剤、ホルモン剤、抗ヒスタミン剤、全身麻酔剤、睡眠鎮痛剤、抗癲癇剤、精神神経用剤、骨格筋弛緩剤、自立神経用剤、抗パーキンソン剤、利尿剤、血管収縮剤、呼吸促進剤、麻薬、そして病原体の抗原成分(例、ワクチン抗原蛋白)、等が挙げられる。薬効成分の含有量は、成分の特性、投与目的、投与対象、投与回数等に応じて適宜設定することができる。また、薬剤は、化粧品の原料、特に有価成分であってもよい。
本明細書において、薬物とは薬理作用を有する物質をいい、薬剤とは上記の通りであるが、薬剤と薬物とは互換的に用いることができる。
マイクロニードルの基剤は、射出成形又はプレス成形が容易な高分子が好ましく、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー)及びそれらの混合物が挙げられる。あるいは、生体非溶解性高分子は、マイクロニードルに成型し皮膚に刺し入れした後に少なくとも15分間は完全溶解しない性質を有する限りは、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、又はそれらの混合物であってもよい。
ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物を基剤として用いる場合は、基剤水溶液を鋳型に流し、乾燥してから取り出せばよい(例えば、特開2009-273872号公報、[0029]-[0031]に記載の方法)。
上記及びその他公知の製造方法により、針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下である生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイを準備する。
マイクロニードルアレイへの薬剤の塗布は、マイクロニードルの先端を薬剤含有塗布液に浸漬してマイクロニードルの先端に薬物を保持させることにより行う。薬剤含有塗布液は、典型的には水溶液であるが、薬物を溶解させるために水以外の溶媒を含んでいてもよい。また、薬物は完全に溶解していても、溶媒に分散していてもよい。
溶液粘度の測定方法は、B型粘度計を用いHB2スピンドルを用い回転数30rpmで実施する。
本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、薬剤の塗布部を有するマイクロニードルアレイからなるものである。
本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、皮膚組織を有する動物に投与される。ここで動物とは、魚類、両生類、爬虫類、鳥類(例、ニワトリ、ウズラ、シチメンチョウ、アヒル、ガチョウ、アイガモ、ダチョウ等の家禽)、哺乳動物が挙げられる。哺乳動物は、ヒトを含んでいてもヒトを含んでいなくてもよい。ヒトを除く哺乳動物としては、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、モルモット等のげっ歯類、ウサギ、ネコ、イヌ等の愛玩動物、ブタ、ウシ、ウマ、ヒツジ、ヤギ等の家畜、サル、オランウータン、ゴリラ、チンパンジー等の霊長類が挙げられる。本発明の経皮吸収製剤は、哺乳動物に投与されることが好ましい。
図2は、マイクロニードル先端に薬剤を塗布した例とマイクロニードル先端に薬剤を塗布していない例を示すイメージ並びに比較例1及び実施例1に対応する写真である。
ポリグリコール酸(クレダックス、(株)クレハ)を原料として、射出温度が260℃で射出成型し、マイクロニードルアレイ(PGA-MN)を製造した。実験に供したPGA-MNの全体像を図3に示す。図3において、PGA-MN基板は長径1.4mm、短径1.2mm、厚さ1.0mmの楕円形であり、その上部に厚さ1.0mmの台部を有する。ニードルは3段構造であり、全長:900μmであり、先端部、中間部、根元部、それぞれの長さは300μmであった。針総数は193本であった。先端部直径:40μm、根元部直径:190μmであった。
1)ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩(CMC)、デキストラン70、トレハロース、を質量比1:1:1:3の比に混合し、30質量%水溶液とし塗布液を調製した。
2)容器に入れた塗布液にPGA-MN先端を浸漬して、ニードル先端に塗布液を付着させた。
3)デシケーター中で1夜乾燥させた。
塗布深さ、塗布速度を変えて、図2に示す比較例1製品と実施例1製品を製造した。実施例1製品における無塗布部分は塗布液に浸漬されており、厳密な意味では完全に無塗布ではない。本発明における「無塗布」とは、光学顕微鏡で塗布厚みが観察されない厚さ:1μm未満をも無塗布とする。
試験例1.PGA-MN製剤のパラフィルムへの適用
1)マイクロニードルの挿入性評価に汎用されるパラフィルム(厚さ130μm)を10枚重ねた。
2)図2に示す比較例1製品と実施例1製品をアプリケータで衝撃投与した。
3)PGA-MNを取り出しパラフィルムの貫通孔を観察し、どの深さまで到達したかを評価した。針総数(193本)の80%以上が到達した深さを到達深さとした。
結果:比較例1製品の到達深さは390μmであり、実施例1製品の到達深さは520μmであった。
実施例1製品は、比較例1製品に比べて、塗布部の重量が1.7倍であるにもかかわらず、針挿入性はより良好である。
1)厚さ2mmの摘出豚皮膚に対し、比較例1製品及び実施例1製品のマイクロニードルを投与した。
2)投与後の豚皮膚をOCT (Optical Coherence Tomography、THORABS社、型式:GANYMEDE)により観察し、針の到達深さ(挿入深さ)を評価した。
4回の測定結果及び平均値を表1に示す。
ポリグリコール酸(クレダックス、(株)クレハ)を原料として、射出温度が260℃で射出成型し、マイクロニードルを製造した。実験に供したPGA-MNの全体像を図4に示す。図4において、PGA-MN基板は長径1.4mm、短径1.2mm、厚さ1.0mmの楕円形であり、その上部に厚さ1.0mmの台部を有する。ニードルは3段構造であり、全長:900μmであり、針総数は232本であった。先端部直径:40μm、根元部直径:190μmであった。本マイクロニードル上に実施例1と同様な塗布液を塗布し表2のように4種のマイクロニードルを作成した。粘度は260mPa・Sであった。実施例1と同様に試験例1の試験(パラフィルムへ適用)を実施し、到達深さ(挿入深さ)を測定した。
実験結果より、同一のマイクロニードルを使用し同一条件で皮膚挿入を行うに際して、針先端部における塗布物の有無が皮膚挿入性に大きく影響することが分かった。本実施例はアプリケータによるマイクロニードル投与をバネ定数0.26N/mm、長さ70mmのバネの条件で実施した。バネ定数がより小さなアプリケータの場合は、先端部塗布と無塗布のマイクロニードル間の差がより大きく観察された。
本発明は、実用的なマイクロニードル製剤を得るために重要と考える。
ポリグリコール酸(クレダックス、(株)クレハ)を原料として、実施例2と同様な製造条件でマイクロニードルを成型した。成型されたマイクロニードルの形状、サイズは、針先端部直径が28μmであること以外は実施例2におけるマイクロニードルと同様であった。それらのマイクロニードルを用いて薬剤の塗布を行った。塗布液は10質量%のヒアルロン酸と0.001質量%ローダミンBを含有する水溶液とした。溶液粘度は、450mPa・S(25℃)であった。容器に入れた塗布液にマイクロニードルの先端を浸漬し、引き上げて乾燥させて、塗布層を形成させた。浸漬距離、浸漬回数を変化させて塗布部最大太さを調整した。
図5及び図6は塗布部最大直径が240μm及び310μmの塗布マイクロニードルの顕微鏡写真である。主要ディメンジョンを表3にまとめる。
先端部が細い凹鋳型にポリ乳酸の10質量%アセトン溶液を流し、遠心により加圧して針を形成した後、鋳型から取り出しマイクロニードルアレイとした。先端太さは11μmであった。塗布液は10質量%のヒアルロン酸と0.001質量%ローダミンBを含有する水溶液とした。容器に入れた塗布液にマイクロニードルの先端を浸漬し、引き上げて乾燥させて、塗布層を形成させた。塗布前のマイクロニードルの写真を図7に示す。
先端部が太いマイクロニードルアレイの成型は、凹鋳型の先端部が太いこと以外は比較例3と同様に行った。塗布条件は、比較例3と同様であった。塗布前のマイクロニードルの写真を図8及び9に示す。
試験例2と同様の方法で、実施例6、7及び比較例2~4の5種のマイクロニードルアレイを豚摘出皮膚へ投与した。投与後10分でアレイを引き上げ、アレイにおける残余塗布物を観察して結果を以下のようにまとめた。
(1)針の塗布部は皮膚中に入り、塗布物はほぼすべて皮膚中に移行した。
(2)塗布部直径が太く針の塗布部のすべてが皮膚中に入らなかったので塗布物の多くが針に残留した。
(3)先端が曲がって皮膚中に入らなかった針が多く、塗布物の多くが針に残留した。
(4)針先端部直径が太く針の塗布部の一部しか皮膚中に入らなかったので、塗布物の多くが針に残留した。
2 段差の縁
3 底部
4 マイクロニードルアレイの基板
Claims (10)
- 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有する生体非溶解性物質を素材とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないことを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下であり、薬剤の塗布部を有する生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイであって、針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないことを特徴とするマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 前記薬剤の塗布部の上端が前記針先端部頂点から30μm以上低い位置であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 前記薬剤の塗布部の最大直径が300μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 前記針のアスペクト比が3以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 前記針1本あたり薬剤の塗布物が0.001~30μgであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 生体非溶解性高分子が、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリ乳酸、ポリ(乳酸-グリコール酸)共重合体、ポリグリコール酸、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、COP(サイクリックオレフィンポリマー)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 生体非溶解性高分子が、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン、ポリビニルピロリドン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 薬剤の塗布部にヒアルロン酸、コラーゲン、デキストリン、デキストラン、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩、アルギン酸、グルコース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選ばれる水溶性物質が共存している、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロニードルアレイ。
- 針長さは350μm以上1,500μm以下であり、針先端部頂点の直径は15μm以上100μm以下である生体非溶解性高分子を基剤とするマイクロニードルアレイを準備する工程、及び
溶液粘度が50~2,000mPa・s(25℃)である薬剤含有塗布液を、前記マイクロニードルアレイ上に塗布し、乾燥工程後の薬剤の塗布部の上端は針の上端から30μm以上低い位置となるように設定し、乾燥させる工程、を含む、
針先端部頂点は薬剤が塗布されていないマイクロニードルアレイを製造する方法。
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| US18/691,443 US20250128035A1 (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Microneedle array coated with drug |
| KR1020247008119A KR20240054293A (ko) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | 약제를 도포한 마이크로니들 어레이 |
| EP22870036.5A EP4403202A4 (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | DRUG-COATED MICRONEEDLE ARRAY |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN117940186A (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
| EP4403202A1 (en) | 2024-07-24 |
| EP4403202A4 (en) | 2025-10-01 |
| KR20240054293A (ko) | 2024-04-25 |
| JP2023043192A (ja) | 2023-03-28 |
| US20250128035A1 (en) | 2025-04-24 |
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