WO2022210890A1 - 無方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
無方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210890A1 WO2022210890A1 PCT/JP2022/016029 JP2022016029W WO2022210890A1 WO 2022210890 A1 WO2022210890 A1 WO 2022210890A1 JP 2022016029 W JP2022016029 W JP 2022016029W WO 2022210890 A1 WO2022210890 A1 WO 2022210890A1
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet and its manufacturing method.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-61872 filed in Japan on March 31, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with lower core loss that solves the problem of nitriding that occurs in steel sheets in which sulfides are rendered harmless and grain growth is improved.
- the use of the motor for applications such as the drive motor of a hybrid vehicle must be performed in an environment with stress changes caused by changes in rotation speed due to acceleration/deceleration, vehicle body vibration, magnet vibration in the magnet insertion hole, etc. be used. Therefore, in addition to high strength that can be applied to high-speed rotation and stress concentration areas, it is also required to have high fatigue properties under repeated stress, that is, high fatigue strength.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more and excellent fatigue strength.
- the inventors have extensively studied the fatigue strength of non-oriented electrical steel sheets. As a result, it was found that in an electrical steel sheet with low fatigue strength, soft MnS deforms and becomes a starting point for cracks. In addition, it was found that the amount of MnS in inclusions is relatively small in an electrical steel sheet with high fatigue strength.
- the present invention was further studied based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet has a chemical composition of, in mass%, Si: 2.5 to 4.5%, sol. Al: 0-2.0%, Mn: 0.1-3.5%, C: 0-0.0030%, P: 0-0.10%, S: 0-0.0030%, N: 0 ⁇ 0.050%, O: 0-0.050%, Mg: 0.0003-0.0050%, Ti: 0-0.0030%, V: 0-0.10%, Sb: 0-0.
- Nd 0-0.10%
- Bi 0-0.10%
- W 0-0.10%
- Nb 0-0.10%
- Y 0-0.10%
- Ni 0-0.5%
- Cr 0-0.5%
- Cu 0-0.5%
- Sn 0-0.2%
- La 0-0.0050%
- Ce 0 containing one or more selected from the group consisting of up to 0.0050%, the balance being Fe and impurities, having a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more, and having an average crystal grain size of 50 ⁇ m or less in the recrystallized portion of the base iron and, in inclusions contained in the base iron having an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and an S content of 5% by mass or more, the Mg content is 5% by mass or less and the Mn content is 5% by mass or more.
- the number of inclusions having a Mg content of more than 5% by mass and a Mn content of 5% by mass or more is five times or more the number of certain inclusions.
- the number density of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more may be less than 1.0/mm 2 .
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet described in (1) above may have a thickness of less than 0.30 mm.
- a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to (1) above, which comprises a step of manufacturing a steel slab by casting; a step of heating the steel slab, a step of hot-rolling the heated steel slab to form a hot-rolled steel plate, a winding step of winding the hot-rolled steel plate, and a cold-rolling step of cold-rolling the hot-rolled steel plate into a cold-rolled steel plate. and a step of finish annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet to obtain a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, wherein in the casting, the cooling rate from 1300 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- the temperature is set to 700 to 900°C.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more and excellent fatigue strength can be obtained.
- the fatigue strength is improved by making the sulfides in the inclusions in the base iron more hardened inclusions containing Mg.
- more hardened inclusions containing Mg are defined as follows.
- inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and inclusions having an S content of 5% by mass or more inclusions having a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and an Mn content of 5% by mass or more”.
- the number of "inclusions having a Mg content of more than 5% by mass and a Mn content of 5% by mass or more” is set to be at least five times as large as the number of .
- inclusions harden, deformation of inclusions reduces the occurrence of crack initiation, and fatigue strength is improved.
- an inclusion having a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and an Mn content of 5% by mass or more is preferably 10 times or more the number of the inclusions.
- the observation surface may be prepared by oblique polishing, or may be prepared by laminating a plurality of steel plates.
- a steel plate is cut out and embedded in a resin such that a plane including the width direction (the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction) and the plate thickness direction serves as an observation surface.
- the observation surface of the resin-filled steel plate is polished.
- the area to be observed may be changed according to the number of inclusions present, but should be 5 mm 2 or more.
- the size of the inclusion is determined by measuring the size of the inclusion using image analysis software and defining it by the diameter when converted to a circle.
- the inclusions can be subjected to elemental analysis using EDS, and the composition is defined by the average value of the entire mass of individual inclusions.
- EDS analysis elemental concentration analysis
- All detected elements are quantified, and inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or more, a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and a Mn content of 5% by mass or more, Inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or more, a Mg content of more than 5% by mass, and a Mn content of 5% by mass or more are specified.
- the equivalent circle diameter is 1.0 ⁇ m or more
- the S content is 5% by mass or more
- the Mn content is 5% by mass or more.
- the number of inclusions with a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and the number of inclusions with a Mg content of more than 5% by mass are obtained, and the ratio thereof is calculated.
- the number density (number/mm 2 ) based on the total area of the observed field of view, round the obtained value to the third decimal place.
- the number density is measured using a scanning electron microscope equipped with a composition analysis function (SEM-EDS apparatus).
- the inclusions may act as starting points for cracks, lowering the fatigue limit. Therefore, it is preferable that there are few coarse inclusions.
- the number density of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more is preferably less than 1.0/mm 2 .
- the method for making the number density of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more less than 1.0/mm 2 is not particularly limited.
- an electromagnetic brake is applied to the molten steel in the mold to prolong the time the molten steel stays in the mold to float inclusions on the surface of the molten steel, or
- a mold is used to prolong the residence time of the molten steel in the mold so that inclusions float to the surface of the molten steel, and then the floated inclusions are removed.
- realizing inclusions containing Mg defined in the present invention also contributes to making the number density of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more less than 1.0 pieces/mm 2 .
- Coarse inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more include, for example, Al 2 O 3 and MnS. Between Al and Mg, Mg has a higher deoxidizing power than Al. Therefore, in the present invention that utilizes Mg, MgO is likely to be generated by secondarily reducing Al 2 O 3 in the steelmaking stage. If Al 2 O 3 remains as it is, it has a large specific gravity and tends to remain in molten steel, but MgO has a small specific gravity and easily floats, so it is easy to remove.
- Mg is more likely than Mn to form sulfides, and more likely to start precipitation at a higher temperature than MnS. Therefore, the amount of precipitation of MnS can be reduced. Furthermore, MgS, which is uniformly dispersed first, becomes a precipitation site for MnS that precipitates later, thereby suppressing the formation frequency of coarse MnS that is formed by itself. Therefore, formation of coarse inclusions can be suppressed by controlling Mg inclusions.
- the microstructure has almost 100% ferrite.
- the remainder of the microstructure is inclusions and the like.
- the average crystal grain size of the recrystallized portion is 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the recrystallized portion refers to a crystal grain (recrystallized grain) having an aspect ratio (length in the rolling direction/length in the sheet thickness direction) of 3 or less among ferrite grains.
- non-recrystallized grains have an aspect ratio of more than 3.
- a test piece having observation planes including the rolling direction and thickness direction of the steel sheet is prepared, and the central portion of the thickness is observed. After polishing the observation surface of the test piece to a mirror surface, it is immersed in a 3% nital corrosive solution for 10 seconds to expose the structure by etching. The etched observation surface is observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 500 times. Crystal grains having an aspect ratio of 3 or less are specified from the observation surface after etching, and the average grain size is calculated from them. The average grain size shall be obtained according to JIS G 0551:2013 "Steel - Microscopic test method for grain size".
- the lower limit of the average crystal grain size of the recrystallized portion does not need to be particularly limited, but if the crystal grains are excessively refined and the average crystal grain size becomes too small, the plate shape of the steel sheet may deteriorate. Therefore, the average grain size of the recrystallized portion is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 12 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more. Also, the ratio of non-recrystallized grains may be 100%. If no recrystallized grains are observed, the average grain size defined in the present invention shall be zero.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment has a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more. Since the chemical composition for increasing the tensile strength is known, it may be adjusted as appropriate.
- the chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment can be, for example, the chemical composition described later. Further, in order to obtain a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more, it is necessary to adjust the finish annealing temperature as described later. Tensile strength is measured using JIS Z2241:2011 No. 13B tensile test piece.
- the chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it can be applied to non-oriented electrical steel sheets with a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more.
- An example of a suitable chemical composition of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment is shown below. "%" in the chemical composition description shall mean "% by mass”.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition of Si: 2.5 to 4.5%, sol.
- Si is an element that increases the strength of the steel sheet. Moreover, Si is an element that increases the resistivity, and is included to reduce iron loss. From the viewpoint of this effect and prevention of reduction in saturation magnetic flux density and embrittlement of steel, the Si content is preferably 2.5 to 4.5%. The Si content is preferably 2.8% or more, more preferably 3.0% or more. Also, the Si content is more preferably 4.2% or less, and still more preferably 4.0% or less.
- sol. Al like Si, is an element that increases the resistivity and is contained to reduce iron loss. Since the effect of iron loss reduction can be obtained even with Si, sol. Al may not be contained. Therefore, sol. Al content may be 0%. sol. The Al content may be 0.3% or more, 0.4% or more, 0.5% or more, or 0.6% or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in saturation magnetic flux density, sol. The Al content is preferably 2.0% or less. sol. The Al content is more preferably 1.8% or less, still more preferably 1.5% or less. sol. The Al content may be 1.2% or less.
- sol. Al means acid-soluble Al that is not an oxide such as Al 2 O 3 and is soluble in acid, and was measured by excluding undissolved residue on the filter paper generated in the process of analyzing Al. It is calculated as Al.
- Mn is Si, sol. Since it has the effect of increasing the specific resistance like Al, it is contained in order to reduce iron loss. Mn is also an element that increases the strength of the steel sheet. From the viewpoint of this effect and prevention of reduction in saturation magnetic flux density and embrittlement of steel, the Mn content is preferably 0.1 to 3.5%. The Mn content is more preferably 0.4% or more, still more preferably 0.6% or more, and even more preferably 0.8% or more. The Mn content may be 0.9% or more, 1.0% or more, or 1.2% or more. Also, the Mn content is more preferably 3.3% or less, and still more preferably 3.5% or less. The Mn content may be 3.0% or less.
- the C content is contained as an impurity.
- the C content is preferably 0.0030% or less.
- the C content is more preferably 0.0025% or less, still more preferably 0.0020% or less.
- the lower limit of the C content is not particularly limited and may be 0%, but the C content may be 0.0010% or more from the viewpoint of manufacturing costs.
- the P content may be 0%.
- the P content may be 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, or 0.04% or more.
- the P content is preferably 0.10% or less.
- the P content is more preferably 0.08% or less, still more preferably 0.06% or less.
- the P content may be 0.04% or less.
- the S content is contained as an impurity.
- the S content is preferably 0.0030% or less.
- the S content is more preferably 0.0025% or less, still more preferably 0.0020% or less.
- the S content of the steel sheet is more than 0% in order to form inclusions having an S content of 5% by mass or more.
- the S content may be 0.0006% or more and 0.0007% or more.
- the N content is contained as an impurity.
- the N content is preferably 0.050% or less. If the N content is 0.050% or less, the generation of excessive inclusions and precipitates is suppressed, and the deterioration of magnetic properties and fatigue strength can be further suppressed.
- the N content may be 0.0027% or less, 0.0025% or less, or 0.0020% or less. Also, since N does not have to be contained in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the lower limit of the N content may be 0%, but in order to suppress excessive cost increase, the N content is 0.0010 % or more.
- the N content may be 0.0014% or more, 0.0017% or more, or 0.0020% or more.
- the O content is contained as an impurity.
- the O content is preferably 0.050% or less. If the O content is 0.050% or less, the formation of excessive inclusions and precipitates is suppressed, and deterioration of magnetic properties and fatigue strength can be further suppressed.
- the O content may be 0.0027% or less, 0.0025% or less, or 0.0020% or less.
- the lower limit of the O content may be 0%, but in order to suppress excessive cost increase, the O content is 0.0010 % or more.
- the O content may be 0.0014% or more, 0.0017% or more, or 0.0020% or more.
- Mg is an element that reduces iron loss through the action of promoting the growth of crystal grains, and is an element that improves fatigue strength by turning sulfides in inclusions into harder inclusions containing Mg.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.0003 to 0.0050% in consideration of cost.
- the Mg content is more preferably 0.0005% or more, still more preferably 0.0010% or more.
- the Mg content is more preferably 0.0040% or less, still more preferably 0.0030% or less.
- Ti is an element contained as an impurity. Ti combines with C, N, O, etc. in the base iron to form fine precipitates such as TiN, TiC, Ti oxides, etc., which hinder the growth of crystal grains during annealing and deteriorate the magnetic properties. Therefore, the Ti content is preferably 0.0030% or less. The Ti content is more preferably 0.0020% or less, still more preferably 0.0010% or less. Since Ti need not be contained, the lower limit of the content is 0%. Considering the refining cost, the Ti content may be 0.0003% or more or 0.0005% or more.
- the rest of the chemical composition is Fe and impurities.
- impurity means a component contained in the raw material or a component mixed in during the manufacturing process and not intentionally included in the steel sheet. Impurities include, for example, Zn and B.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has V: 0 to 0.10%, Zr: 0 to 0.10%, Sb: 0 to 0.10%, Nd: 0 to 0.10%, May contain Bi: 0-0.10%, W: 0-0.10%, Nb: 0-0.10%, Y: 0-0.10%, Ca: 0-0.0050% .
- V and Nb are elements that contribute to increasing the strength of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet. Since V and Nb may not be contained, each content of V and Nb may be 0%, but in order to obtain the above effect, each content of V and Nb is 0.0010% or more. is preferably Each content of V and Nb may be 0.0023% or more. On the other hand, if each element of V and N is contained excessively, fine precipitates impede grain growth and lead to inferior iron loss. preferable. Each content of V and Nb is preferably 0.0050% or less.
- Zr, Nd, Bi, W, and Y are elements that reduce fine precipitates and improve the grain growth of crystal grains. As a result, productivity is improved. Since the above elements may not be contained, the contents of each of Zr, Nd, Bi, W, and Y may be 0%. and Y is preferably 0.0010% or more. Each content of Zr, Nd, Bi, W and Y is more preferably 0.0015% or more. On the other hand, even if each element of Zr, Nd, Bi, W, and Y is contained excessively, the above effect is saturated, so each content of Zr, Nd, Bi, W, and Y is 0.10% The following are preferable. Each content of Zr, Nd, Bi, W and Y is preferably 0.0010% or less.
- Sb is an element that improves magnetic properties such as B50. Since Sb does not have to be contained, the Sb content may be 0%, but in order to obtain the above effect, the Sb content is preferably 0.0050% or more. The Sb content is more preferably 0.01% or more. On the other hand, even if Sb is contained excessively, the above effect is saturated, so the Sb content is preferably 0.10% or less. The Sb content is preferably 0.05% or less.
- the steel sheet may contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, Cu, Sn, La, and Ce, instead of part of Fe.
- Ni is an element that increases the electrical resistance of steel sheets and reduces iron loss. Ni does not need to be contained, and the lower limit of Ni content is 0%. Although the effect of containing Ni can be obtained even if the amount is very small, in order to reliably obtain the effect of containing Ni, the Ni content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more. preferable. From the viewpoint of product cost, the Ni content is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less.
- Cr is an element that improves corrosion resistance and high-frequency characteristics. Cr does not need to be contained, and the lower limit of Cr content is 0%. Although the effect of containing Cr can be obtained even with a very small amount, in order to obtain the effect of containing reliably, the Cr content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more. preferable. From the viewpoint of product cost, the Cr content is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less.
- Cu is an element that increases the electrical resistance of steel sheets and reduces iron loss.
- Cu need not be contained, and the lower limit of Cu content is 0%.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more. preferable. From the viewpoint of product cost and prevention of steel embrittlement, the Cu content is preferably 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.4% or less.
- Sn is an element that develops a preferred crystal orientation for magnetic properties. Sn does not have to be contained, and the lower limit of Sn content is 0%. Although the effect of containing Sn can be obtained even in a very small amount, the content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.02% or more, in order to reliably obtain the effect of containing Sn. . From the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of magnetic properties, the Sn content is preferably 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less.
- La is an element that coarsens sulfides, improves the growth of crystal grains in the heat treatment process, and contributes to low iron loss.
- La does not need to be contained, and the lower limit of the La content is 0%.
- the La content is preferably 0.005% or more, more preferably 0.0010% or more. preferable. From the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of magnetic properties, the La content is preferably 0.0050% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less.
- Ce is an element that coarsens sulfides, improves the growth of crystal grains in the heat treatment process, and contributes to low iron loss. Ce does not need to be contained, and the lower limit of Cu content is 0%. Although the effect of containing Ce can be obtained even in a very small amount, the Ce content is preferably 0.005% or more, more preferably 0.0010% or more, in order to reliably obtain the effect of containing Ce. preferable. From the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of magnetic properties, the Ce content is preferably 0.0050% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less.
- one or more elements selected from the group consisting of As, Ga, Ge, Se, Co, and Pb are contained in the range of 0 to 0.01%, respectively.
- the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment is preferably less than 0.30 mm. If the plate thickness is less than 0.30 mm, deterioration in magnetic properties is suppressed.
- a steel slab with a predetermined chemical composition is manufactured.
- a slab is first melted in a converter, an electric furnace, or the like, and further subjected to vacuum degassing as necessary to obtain molten steel.
- the obtained molten steel is continuously cast or bloomed after ingot making to form a slab having a thickness of about 30 to 400 mm.
- the cooling rate from 1300° C. to 1200° C. is set to 50° C./s or less. If the cooling rate is too fast, MgS is not produced preferentially over MnS, and the number of inclusions having a Mg content of more than 5% by mass and a Mn content of 5% by mass or more is reduced.
- the fatigue strength of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is lowered.
- the thickness of the steel slab may be 150 mm or more. Also, the thickness of the steel slab may be 350 mm or less.
- the steel slab After manufacturing the steel slab, the steel slab is reheated and hot-rolled to form a hot-rolled steel sheet. At this time, in the heating of the steel slab, the residence time at which the center temperature is 1100° C. or higher is set to less than 2 hours (however, 0 is not included). If this residence time is too long, sulfides with a low Mg content increase, resulting in a decrease in the fatigue strength of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the hot rolling conditions are not particularly limited.
- the final rolling temperature during finish rolling can be 700 to 1050°C.
- the coiling temperature for hot rolling is 700° C. or higher.
- the coiling temperature for hot rolling is, for example, 700 to 1000°C. If the coiling temperature is lower than 700° C., S, which was in a solid solution state at that time, forms MnS by itself, and MnS containing no Mg is likely to be formed, which is not preferable. Other conditions are not particularly limited.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing may be omitted.
- the hot-rolled sheet annealing can be carried out, for example, by continuous annealing at 950° C. or higher and 1050° C. or lower for 10 seconds or longer and 3 minutes or shorter.
- Cold rolling can be performed, for example, at a temperature range of room temperature to 300° C. and a rolling reduction of 70 to 90%.
- finish annealing is performed at a low temperature. Specifically, finish annealing is performed with a maximum temperature of 700 to 900° C. and a soaking time of 10 to 60 seconds, for example.
- the soaking time means the time during which the highest temperature reached -10°C is maintained. A more optimum maximum temperature may be adjusted as appropriate according to the chemical composition.
- the final annealing at a low temperature suppresses the growth of crystal grains, makes the average crystal grain size of the recrystallized portion 50 ⁇ m or less, and makes it possible to obtain a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having high tensile strength and excellent fatigue strength.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured as described above has a high tensile strength of 580 MPa or more and excellent fatigue strength.
- the fatigue strength can be obtained by a pulsating tensile test in accordance with JIS Z2273:2011. Specifically, a fatigue test piece is taken from a non-oriented electrical steel sheet in which the rolling direction and the tensile direction are matched. A JIS2-15 test piece was used as the test piece shape. After polishing the end faces of the parallel portion and the R portion with No. 600 abrasive paper, a pulsating tensile test is performed at room temperature in an air atmosphere.
- the fatigue strength (MPa) is defined as the maximum stress that did not break after 2 million cycles of repeated stress loads at a stress ratio of 0.10 and a frequency of 20 Hz. In the present invention, if the fatigue strength is 450 MPa or more, it is judged to have excellent fatigue strength.
- the present invention is not limited to the above.
- the above is just an example, and any thing that has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and produces similar effects is the technology of the present invention. included in the scope of
- the method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment may include other known manufacturing steps.
- Example 1 The chemical composition is Si: 3.3%, sol. Al: 0.7%, Mn: 1.2%, C: 0.002%, P: 0.02%, S: 0.0010%, Ti: 0.0015%, balance: Fe and impurity steel type (Mg-free) and a steel type containing Mg: 0.0013% (Mg added) in place of part of Fe in the above steel type were used to produce electrical steel sheets, and the tensile strength and fatigue strength were measured by the method described above. measured in
- the cooling rate from 1300 ° C. to 1200 ° C. in casting is 30 ° C./s, and the residence time at the center temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher in heating the steel slab before hot rolling is 1 hour.
- the temperature was 750°C, and the final annealing temperature was changed between 750 and 1000°C.
- Table 1 shows the tensile strength and fatigue strength of each electrical steel sheet with different finish annealing temperatures and with or without Mg. In this test, a tensile strength of 580 MPa or more and a fatigue strength of 450 MPa or more were judged to be good. Good results were obtained when the final annealing temperature was set to 750 to 800° C. in the magnetic steel sheet to which Mg was added having the above chemical composition.
- Example 2 The non-oriented electrical steel sheets having the components shown in Tables 2A and B were subjected to the cooling rate during casting shown in Table 3A, the residence time at 1100 ° C. or more in the heating furnace before hot rolling, the coiling temperature, and the maximum reach of finish annealing.
- Non-oriented electrical steel sheets having thicknesses shown in Table 3A were produced under temperature conditions.
- the microstructure of the steel sheet of each test number was observed by the following method, and the grain size of the recrystallized part of the ferrite structure was determined.
- a test piece having a surface including the rolling direction and the plate thickness direction of each steel plate was prepared, and after polishing the observation surface of the test piece to a mirror surface, it was immersed in a 3% nital corrosive solution for 10 seconds to reveal the structure by etching. let me The etched observation surface was observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 100 times for 3 fields of view.
- a region where the ferrite grain aspect ratio (length in the rolling direction / length in the plate thickness direction) is 3 or less is specified, and the average grain size of ferrite in that region is measured according to JIS G 0551: 2013 "Steel-Microscope of grain size. Test method”.
- the iron loss W 10/400 at a frequency of 400 Hz and a magnetic flux density of 1.0 T of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is measured by the exciting current method in the method for measuring the magnetic properties of an electrical steel strip using an Epstein tester described in JIS C 2550-1:2011. obtained by
- Results are shown in Table 3B.
- "Mg: 5% or less” in Table 3B is the number of “inclusions having a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and a Mn content of 5% or more" per 1 mm2
- “Mg: more than 5%” is , means the number of “inclusions having a Mg content of more than 5% and a Mn content of 5% or more” per 1 mm 2
- the ratio is "a Mg content of 5% by mass or less and a Mn content of 5% or less”.
- % or more” means the ratio of the number of “inclusions having a Mg content of more than 5% and a Mn content of 5% or more”.
- “5 ⁇ m or more” in Table 3 means the number density (pieces/mm 2 ) of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more.
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Abstract
Description
各視野において、円相当径が1.0μm以上でS含有量が5質量%以上検出される介在物の個数を求める。具体的には、まず、各視野における介在物をコントラストから特定する。特定した介在物のうち、円相当径が1.0μm以上の介在物について、元素濃度分析(EDS分析)を実施する。検出されたすべての元素(ただしCを除く)について定量し、円相当径が1.0μm以上であり、Mg含有量が5質量%以下かつMn含有量が5質量%以上である介在物と、円相当径が1.0μm以上であり、Mg含有量が5質量%超かつMn含有量が5質量%以上である介在物と、を特定する。
5mm2以上の面積となる観察した視野範囲で特定された介在物のうち、円相当径が1.0μm以上であり、S含有量が5質量%以上かつMn含有量が5質量%以上である介在物のうち、Mg含有量が5質量%以下の介在物と、Mg含有量が5質量%超の介在物の各々の個数を求め、その比を計算する。
観察した視野の総面積に基づいて、個数密度(個/mm2)を求めるときに、得られた数値の小数第3位を四捨五入する。なお、個数密度の測定は、走査電子顕微鏡に組成分析機能を付与された装置(SEM―EDS装置)を用いて行う。
円相当径が5μm以上である介在物の個数密度が1.0個/mm2未満とする方法は、特段制限されないが、例えば、溶鋼がタンディッシュに滞留している間に、介在物を溶鋼表面に浮上させること、連続鋳造において、鋳型内の溶鋼に電磁ブレーキを作用させて、溶鋼が鋳型内に滞留する時間を長くして介在物を溶鋼表面に浮上させること、又は、鉛直方向に長い鋳型を用いて、溶鋼が鋳型内に滞留する時間を長くして介在物を溶鋼表面に浮上させること、等の後に、浮上した介在物を除去するという方法が挙げられる。
引張強さはJIS Z2241:2011の13B号引張試験片を用いて測定する。
化学組成がSi:3.3%、sol.Al:0.7%、Mn:1.2%、C:0.002%、P:0.02%、S:0.0010%、Ti:0.0015%、残部:Fe及び不純物である鋼種(Mg無し)と、上記鋼種のFeの一部に変えてMg:0.0013%を含有する鋼種(Mg添加)を用い、電磁鋼板を作製し、引張強さ、疲労強度を、前述の方法で測定した。
表2A、Bに示す成分を有する無方向性電磁鋼板を、表3Aに示す鋳造時の冷却速度、熱間圧延前の加熱炉における1100℃以上の滞在時間、巻取温度、仕上げ焼鈍の最高到達温度の条件で、表3Aに示す板厚の無方向性電磁鋼板を製造した。
各試験番号の鋼板のミクロ組織を次の方法で観察し、フェライト組織の再結晶部の粒径を求めた。各鋼板の圧延方向及び板厚方向を含む面を有する試験片を作製し、試験片の観察面を鏡面に研磨した後、3%ナイタール腐食液に10秒浸漬して、エッチングにより組織を現出させた。エッチングした観察面を、光学顕微鏡を用いて倍率100倍で3視野観察した。フェライト粒のアスペクト比(圧延方向の長さ/板厚方向の長さ)が3以下の領域を特定し、その領域におけるフェライトの平均結晶粒径をJIS G 0551:2013「鋼-結晶粒度の顕微鏡試験方法」に従って求めた。
板厚0.25mmの鋼板を8枚重ね合わせて、幅方向(圧延直角方向)及び板厚方向を含む面が観察面となるように試験片を樹脂埋めし、樹脂埋めされた試験片の観察面を研磨した。重ね合わせた板厚全厚の領域を、EDS付きのSEMを用いて観察した。介在物の大きさは、画像解析ソフトを用いて大きさを計測して、円相当径として換算したときの直径を算出した。5mm2の範囲につき円相当径が1μm以上の介在物全てについて観察をおこなった。そして、1μm以上となる介在物につきEDS分析を行い、「S含有量が5質量%以上」かつ「Mn含有量が5質量%以上」である介在物のうち、「Mg量が5質量%以下と5質量%超」の介在物の個数密度を測定した。総面積に基づいて、個数密度(個/mm2)を求めるときに、得られた数値の小数第3位を四捨五入し、円相当径が1μm以上である介在物の個数密度とした。円相当径が5μm超の介在物については成分に関わらず大きさだけで判別し、同様に総面積に基づいて個数密度を測定した。こちらについては比率計算の必要が無いので小数第2位を四捨五入して個数密度とした。
無方向性電磁鋼板の周波数400Hz、磁束密度1.0Tにおける鉄損W10/400を、JIS C 2550-1:2011に記載のエプスタイン試験器による電磁鋼帯の磁気特性の測定方法における励磁電流法により求めた。
Claims (4)
- 化学組成が、質量%で、
Si:2.5~4.5%、
sol.Al:0~2.0%、
Mn:0.1~3.5%、
C :0~0.0030%、
P :0~0.10%、
S :0~0.0030%、
N :0~0.050%、
O :0~0.050%、
Mg:0.0003~0.0050%、
Ti:0~0.0030%、
V :0~0.10%、
Sb:0~0.10%、
Nd:0~0.10%、
Bi:0~0.10%、
W :0~0.10%、
Nb:0~0.10%、
Y :0~0.10%、
並びに、
Ni:0~0.5%、
Cr:0~0.5%、
Cu:0~0.5%、
Sn:0~0.2%、
La:0~0.0050%、及び
Ce:0~0.0050%
からなる群から選択される1種以上を含有し、
残部:Fe及び不純物であり、
引張強さが580MPa以上であり、
地鉄の再結晶部の平均結晶粒径が50μm以下であり、
地鉄中に含有される円相当径が1μm以上、かつ、S含有量が5質量%以上の介在物において、Mg含有量が5質量%以下かつMn含有量が5質量%以上である介在物の個数に比べて、Mg含有量が5質量%超かつMn含有量が5質量%以上である介在物の個数が5倍以上である
ことを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 円相当径が5μm以上である介在物の個数密度が1.0個/mm2未満である
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 板厚が0.30mm未満である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板を製造する方法であって、
鋳造により鋼スラブを製造する工程、
前記鋼スラブを加熱する工程、
加熱した前記鋼スラブを熱間圧延して熱延鋼板とする工程、
前記熱延鋼板を巻き取る巻取り工程、
前記熱延鋼板を冷間圧延し冷延鋼板とする工程、及び
前記冷延鋼板を仕上げ焼鈍して無方向性電磁鋼板を得る工程
を備え、
前記鋳造において、1300℃から1200℃までの冷却速度を50℃/s以下と、
前記鋼スラブの加熱において、中心温度1100℃以上での滞在時間が2時間未満(0を含まない)とし、
前記巻取り工程において、前記熱延鋼板の巻取り温度を700℃以上とし、
上記仕上げ焼鈍において、最高到達温度を700~900℃とする
ことを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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| US18/283,152 US12473618B2 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | Non-oriented electrical steel sheet and manufacturing method therefor |
| JP2022545334A JP7222444B1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | 無方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 |
| KR1020237032670A KR102706843B1 (ko) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | 무방향성 전자 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
| CN202280025931.XA CN117157421B (zh) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | 无取向性电磁钢板及其制造方法 |
| EP22781100.7A EP4317475A4 (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | Non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and manufacturing method therefor |
| BR112023019556A BR112023019556A2 (pt) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-30 | Chapa de aço elétrico não orientada, e, método para fabricar a chapa de aço elétrico não orientada |
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| EP (1) | EP4317475A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7222444B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102706843B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN117157421B (ja) |
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| WO2025104473A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
| WO2025104481A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
| WO2025104644A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
| WO2025104467A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
| WO2025230003A1 (ja) * | 2024-05-02 | 2025-11-06 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 無方向性電磁鋼板、モータコアおよびモータ |
| US12516396B2 (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2026-01-06 | Arcelormittal | Non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
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| CN119332163A (zh) * | 2023-07-18 | 2025-01-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种疲劳性能优异的无取向电工钢及其制造方法 |
| TWI875262B (zh) * | 2023-10-24 | 2025-03-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 鋼胚加熱氧化的控制方法及控制系統 |
| KR20250103077A (ko) * | 2023-12-28 | 2025-07-07 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 무방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 |
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- 2022-03-30 EP EP22781100.7A patent/EP4317475A4/en active Pending
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| WO2025104481A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
| WO2025104644A1 (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2025-05-22 | Arcelormittal | A non-oriented electrical steel and a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| TW202239986A (zh) | 2022-10-16 |
| BR112023019556A2 (pt) | 2023-10-31 |
| KR102706843B1 (ko) | 2024-09-20 |
| EP4317475A1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
| JP7222444B1 (ja) | 2023-02-15 |
| US12473618B2 (en) | 2025-11-18 |
| JPWO2022210890A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
| EP4317475A4 (en) | 2024-12-04 |
| US20240035131A1 (en) | 2024-02-01 |
| CN117157421B (zh) | 2026-01-13 |
| CN117157421A (zh) | 2023-12-01 |
| TWI813235B (zh) | 2023-08-21 |
| KR20230143192A (ko) | 2023-10-11 |
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