WO2022132099A1

WO2022132099A1 - Gradual range correction mechanism

Info

Publication number: WO2022132099A1
Application number: PCT/TR2021/051395
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bengüsu EYYÜPOĞLU USTA; Berkan BİLİR; Mert İLME
Original assignee: Roketsan Roket Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
Current assignee: Roketsan Roket Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2021-12-13
Publication date: 2022-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-14
Also published as: TR202020412A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gradual range correction mechanism that is designed to reduce the diversion that occurs in the range in firing of the high-spin artillery ammunition, that corrects the range error by increasing the air fraction with the opening of the brake plates on the air, thereby decelerating it gradually. The present invention particularly relates to a gradual range correction mechanism that is based on the ability of correcting the range by gradually increasing the front surface area of the ammunition more than once during flight, depending on the aerodynamic effects and the need for correcting, that basically consists of brake plates, retainer pins, guide, single-grade rotating part, and pin pulling mechanisms.

Description

GRADUAL RANGE CORRECTION MECHANISM

Technical Field of the Invention:

The present invention relates to a gradual range correction mechanism that is designed to reduce the diversion that occurs in the range in firing of the high-spin artillery ammunition, that corrects the range error by increasing the air fraction with the opening of the brake plates on the air, thereby decelerating it gradually.

The present invention particularly relates to a gradual range correction mechanism that is based on the ability of correcting the range by gradually increasing the front surface area of the ammunition more than once during flight, depending on the aerodynamic effects and the need for correcting, that basically consists of brake plates, retainer pins, guide, single-grade rotating part, pin pulling mechanisms.

State of the Art:

Artilleries are ammunitions with high rotational speeds in the range of 6000-20000 rpm, and a need has arisen for systems that performs range corrections in the ammunition during flight after the shot in order to reduce the range diversion. Range correction can be made by attaching guided fuzes to artilleries. Providing range correction is possible by throwing the ammunition further from the target at the beginning, decelerating by increasing the front surface area during the flight, and heading towards the target.

Various non-gradual or gradual correction mechanisms was developed for these purposes. However, the non-gradual ones of these mechanisms are insufficient for range correction, while the gradual ones are at most two grades and these grades are activated successively. In this case, the desired result cannot be achieved, and it also accompanies some problems.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US5826821A” refers to a drag control module for range correction. A spline structure in the center is translated forward by the actuator and releases sixteen plates. The released plates open up, thereby increasing the ammunition's cross-sectional area. The object of the invention is to provide more space increase compared to previous designs. The brake plates are fully opened in once and offer a single-grade mechanism option for range correction.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US4135686A” refers to a brake mechanism. This mechanism allowed that the rocket is directed opposite when the rocket was fired in the flight direction of the aircraft despite the threats that might come from the rear of the aircraft. The rocket, which was released from the aircraft flying at high speed, suddenly increased the surface area with the wings opened perpendicular to the flight direction from the container part behind it. The braking mechanism is double graded, and the mechanism remains in the container to which the rocket is attached, and it is not possible to use it in artillery ammunition.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US2009/0283627A1” refers to an air brake module to perform the range correction. In the system, three brake plates are placed to rotate around three pivot pins. The pin holding the first plate releases the plate at the desired moment with the help of the pyrotechnic piston pusher. The released brake plate rotates around the pivot with the effect of centripetal acceleration, and the ammunition opens outward from the flight axis, and the other two plates are released and opened in the same manner. In said invention, the brake plates are opened at once and with a delay over each other.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US5816531A” refers to a range correction module. It is a range correction module that can be adapted to spin-stabilized ammunition later, and that allows the brake plate to be decelerated when necessary, by opening it with the increasing of the air friction. It is the module that increases the front surface area of the ammunition during flight by means of the semi-circular brake plates that are opened by taking advantage of the centripetal acceleration. This mechanism that does not have a gradual structure reaches the highest cross-sectional area at once.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US6511016” refers to a system of small control surfaces for range correction. The control surfaces opening perpendicular to the flight axis from the outer surface of the kit increase the drag surface of the ammunition, reducing the flight speed and correcting the range. The control surfaces are fixed around the body with springs such that they can be opened by rotating around the pins. The USPTO patent document numbered “US6672536” refers to a braking kit for range correction. Parts are opened from the outer surface of the kit body in order to increase the cross-sectional area of the ammunition. The opening of the parts occurs by activating the pyrotechnic elements with an electrical current.

The USPTO patent document numbered “JP2014156973A” refers to a wing opening mechanism. It is the wing opening mechanism used to create resistance in the missile structure in order to adjust the range during flight. There is a mechanism consisting of opening resistance wings connected to a flat cam structure. Each wing structure works in pairs and the same stage is opened in two successive stages. In this mechanism, opening of the same stage in two stages carries the risk of increasing the deforming effects.

The USPTO patent document numbered “US6325325B1” refers to a device that performs range correction. It is a device that provides braking and range correction by increasing the air friction of the projectile. The device opens at least two brake plates perpendicular to the flight direction of the projectile in order to increase aerodynamic resistance. Said device fully opens at least two brake plates. It does not open the brake plates more than once, that is, it increases the surface area once.

Turkish patent document numbered “TR2019/21763” refers to a fin deployment mechanism. In the abstract of the invention, it is said that "the invention relates to a fin deployment mechanism for a rotationally stabilized projectile , comprising at least one fin and at least one actuator, in which the fin is arranged in a deployable and retractable manner on the projectile, and in that the fin and at least one balance weight are mechanically arranged so that, when the fin is deployed by the actuator, then the balance weight is displaced in towards the centre of the projectile and, when the fin is retracted by the actuator, then the balance weight is displaced out from the centre of the projectile. The invention also relates to a method for energy-efficient deployment and retraction of fins on a rotating projectile, in which at least one fin is arranged in a deployable and retractable manner on the projectile, and in which the fin is fitted to at least one balance weight according to: (a) when the fin is displaced out from the centre of the projectile, upon deployment of the fin, the balance weight is displaced in towards the centre of the projectile, (b) when the fin is displaced in towards the centre of the projectile, upon retraction of the fin, the balance weight is displaced out from the centre of the projectile. In the systems used in the state of the art, the mechanisms used for range correction in high-spin ammunition provide an increase in the front surface area once during the flight. In addition, in the known case, some mechanisms that are examined are closed to the outer wall of the ammunition. Consequently, the disadvantages disclosed above and the inadequacy of available solutions in this regard necessitated making an improvement in the relevant technical field.

The Object of the Invention:

The most important object of the present invention is to have a mechanism that can decelerate the ammunition by increasing the front surface area of the ammunition for several times on the air in order to reach the target after the ammunition is fired to a point beyond the target, and thereby, providing the opportunity to correct the flight trajectory in range.

Another important object of the present invention is to decelerate the ammunition by increasing the air friction of the brake plates opened by taking advantage of the centripetal acceleration in the direction perpendicular to the flight axis, with the mechanism thereof that provides gradual decelerating by increasing the front surface area of the ammunition for 3 times during the flight.

Another object of the present invention is to increase the front surface area more than once during the flight, thus providing better range correction by decelerating the ammunition flight speed more than once.

Another object of the present invention is not to occupy space by the ammunition on its outer surface. Thus, the ammunition contains a structure suitable for the use of side antennas.

Yet another object of the present invention is to open the brake plates equally for the same grade at the same time. Thus, it is not affected by the disruptive effects that may created by an asymmetrical surface area increase.

Yet another object of the present invention is to minimize the range diversion in the firing of high-spin artillery ammunition, with a mechanism designed to reduce the range diversion in the firing of high-spin artillery ammunition. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a better chance of making range correction by means of its 3-grade structure and not to cause a disruptive effect since each brake plate is opened simultaneously within the grades.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide breaking with a completely different mechanism, with brake plates that increase the front surface area of the ammunition in 3 grades and allows for decelerating in 3 times, thereby minimizing the diversion.

Yet another object of the present invention is to have a mechanism that can increase the ammunition front surface area more than once for the need of decelerating the artillery ammunition more than once in the same flight.

Another object of the invention is to be compact and not occupy space on the ammunition outer surface. Thus, the mechanism remains in the container part to which the rocket is attached, and it is not possible to use it in artillery ammunition.

Structural and characteristic features of the present invention as well as all advantages thereof will be understood more clearly from figures disclosed below and the detailed description written by making references to these figures. Therefore, the assessment should be made by taking these figures and the detailed description into consideration.

Description of the Figures:

Figure 1.a: illustrates the front view of the ammunition when the first grade is opened.

Figure 1.b: illustrates the front view of the ammunition when the second grade is opened.

Figure 1.c: illustrates the front view of the ammunition when the third grade is opened.

Figure 2: illustrates the assembled view of the gradual range correction mechanism with the front parts.

Figure 3.a: illustrates the front view of the gradual range correction mechanism.

Figure 3.b: illustrates the rear view of the progressive range correction mechanism.

Figure 4: illustrates the detail view of the brake plate.

Figure 5: illustrates the assembled view of the brake plate assembly. Figure 6: illustrates the detailed assembled view of the gradual range correction mechanism.

Figure 7.a: illustrates the detail view of the first-grade system.

Figure 7.b: illustrates the detail view of the second-grade system.

Reference Numerals:

1. Brake plate

2. Brake plate inner hole

3. Retainer pin

4. Brake plate outer hole

10. Rear brake plate

11. Guide

12. Guide cavity

13. Front brake plate

20. Brake plate assembly

30. Two-grade rotating part

31. First-grade retainer hole

32. Rear brake plate connecting hole

33. First-grade limitation cavity

40. Sliding bearing

50. Body connection part

60. Third-grade pin pulling mechanism

61. First-grade pin pulling mechanism

62. Second-grade pin pulling mechanism

70. Single-grade rotating part

71. Front brake plate connecting hole 80. Front connection part

90. Pulling pin

100. Gradual range correction mechanism

110. Mechanism front connection interface

120. Fuse body

130. Nozzle part

Description of the Invention

The gradual range correction mechanism (100) of the present invention is a mechanism that is designed to reduce the range diversion in firing of high-spin artillery ammunition. In the operation of the gradual range correction mechanism (100), it is essential that the ammunition is able to gradually increase the front surface area more than once during the flight and make range corrections, depending on the aerodynamic effects and the correction needs thereof. The gradual range correction mechanism (100), in its most basic form, comprises the parts of single-grade rotating part (70) and two-grade rotating parts (30), brake plate (1 ), third grade pin pulling mechanism (60), first grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ), second grade pin pulling mechanism (62), retainer pins (3), and guide (1 1 ).

The aforementioned word “ammunition” refers to high-rotating structures such as artilleries. Said gradual range correction mechanism (100) works by taking advantage of the centripetal acceleration created by the rotation in high-spin ammunition.

Gradual range correction mechanism (100) works with 10 brake plates (1 ) it comprises in an embodiment, rear brake plate (13), and front brake plate (13) being activated in three stages. During range correction, the brake plate (1 ), the rear brake plate (13), the front brake plates (13) are opened and cause an increase in the front surface area of the ammunition and allow for decelerating the ammunition that is exposed to more air friction, and the position to which it will land changes according to the range. The gradual range correction mechanism (100) performs this decelerating process in three grades. When the change in range is not sufficient after the first grade is opened, the second grade is opened, and each stage opened in this manner gives more successful results in range correction. The gradual range correction mechanism (100) of the present invention, as illustrated in Figure 2, is combined with the parts of nozzle (130) and fuse body (120) by using the mechanism front connection interface (1 10).

The gradual range correction mechanism (100), in general terms, comprises bake plate assembly (20), two-grade rotating part (30), body connection part (50), third grade pin pulling mechanism (60), first grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ), second grade pin pulling mechanism (62), single-grade rotating part (70), front connection part (80), and pulling pin (90).

There is a guide (1 1 ) in the middle of the brake plate assembly (20), the front brake plates (13) are connected to the front surface of the guide, and the rear brake plates (10) to the rear surface with the guide cavity (12) on the guide (11 ). The front brake plates (13) and the rear brake plates (10) on the brake plate assembly (20) are gradually opened upon the command and allow the ammunition to decelerate and change the range.

The two-grade rotating part (30) enables opening the retainer pins (3) that are connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) until restricted by the guide cavity (12) and can rotate around the sliding bearing (40). The two-grade rotating part (30) contains the first-grade retainer hole (31 ), the rear brake plate connecting hole (32), and the first-grade limitation cavity (33), thereon. The body connection part (50) provides the connection of the two-grade rotating part (30) by engaging the sliding bearing (40), and acts as a body for the first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ) and the second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62).

The third grade pin pulling mechanism (60) is connected to the front connection part (80) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains will retain the single-grade rotating part (70), and when it is activated, it allows for releasing the single-grade rotating part (70), and opening the front brake plates (13) with centripetal acceleration due to spinning until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12).

The first grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ) is connected to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains coincides with the first grade retainer hole (31 ), and when it is activated, it allows for releasing the rear brake plates (10) that tend to open outwards, gaining rotation of the two-grade rotating part (30), rotating the two- grade rotating part (30) until the pulling pin (90) in the second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) restricts the movement on the first grade limitation cavity (33).

The second grade pin pulling mechanism (62) is connected to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains coincides with the first grade limitation cavity (33), after the first grade is opened in this way, it becomes active when the command receives, it allows for releasing the pulling pin (90) from the first grade limitation cavity (33), opening the rear brake plates (10) until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12) with the release of the two-grade rotating part (30) again.

The single-grade rotating part (70) is connected to the front connection part (80) on one surface and the brake plate assembly (20) on the other surface by engaging the sliding bearing (40) between it and can rotate around the sliding bearing (40). The front connection part (80) is connected with the single grade rotating part (70) by engaging the sliding bearing (40), and the third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60) is positioned in the cavity inside. The pulling pin (90), on the other hand, allows for triggering the third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60), the first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ), and the second grade pin pulling mechanism (62) with the command that receives.

The rear brake plate (10) and the front brake plate (13) are formed after the retainer pins (3) are driven into the brake plate inner hole (2) on the part of the brake plate (1 ) included by the invention. The rear brake plates (10) are attached such that the retainer pins (3) that are attached to the brake plate inner hole (2) follow the guide cavities (12) on the guide (11 ). After the rear brake plates (10) are attached, the front brake plates (13) are attached to the other side of the guide (1 1 ) such that they coincide with the free guide cavities (12). The brake plates (1 ) are closed by rotating such that the outer diameters of the plate form a cylinder with the same diameter as the guide (11 ) in order to form the brake plate assembly (20).

There are two grade rotating parts (30) attached to the brake plate outer holes (4) on the rear brake plates (10) located in the brake plate assembly (20) by means of the retainer pins (3). When the two-grade rotating part (30) is rotated by hand, the rear brake plates (10) can be opened by following the guide cavities (12). The two-grade rotating part (30) is attached to the body connection part (50) by engaging the sliding bearing (40). The first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ) is connected to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains coincides with the first- grade retainer hole (32). The second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) is fixed to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) coincides with the first-grade limitation cavity (33).

When the first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ) is activated, the rear brake plates (10) that tend to open outwards due to the rotation of the ammunition in the meantime are released. Since there is no force to retain the rear brake plates (10), the two-grade rotating part (30) also gains rotation. The two-grade rotating part rotates until the pulling pin (90) in the second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) restricts the movement on the first-grade limitation cavity (33). After the first grade is opened in this way, the second- grade pin pulling mechanism (62) becomes active when the command receives, and the pulling pin (90) becomes free from the first-grade limitation cavity (33). Since the two-grade rotating part (30) is released again, the rear brake plates (10) are opened until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12). In this way, increase of the second-grade front surface area is completed.

The third-grade front surface area increase is realized by filling the gaps between the opened rear brake plates (10) by the front brake plates (13). The front brake plates (13), which are located on the nozzle part (130) side of the brake plate assembly (20) are attached to the front brake plate connection holes (71 ) on the single-grade rotating part (70) by means of using the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate outer hole (4). When the single-grade rotating part (70) is rotated by hand, the front brake plates (13) can be opened by following the guide cavities (12). The single-grade rotating part (70) is attached to the front connection part (80) by engaging the sliding bearing (40) between them. The third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60) is attached to the front connection part (80) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains retains the singlegrade rotating part (70). When the third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60) is activated, the single-grade rotating part (70) is released, and the front brake plates (13) with centripetal acceleration due to rotation are opened until the retainer pins (3), which are connected to the brake plate inner hole (2), are restricted by the guide cavity (12).

Claims

CLAIMS A gradual range correction mechanism (100) that reduces the diversion that occurs by the range in firing of the high-spin artillery ammunition, that corrects the range error by means of gradually decreases the ammunition by increasing air friction, characterized in that, it comprises;

• Brake plate assembly (20) with guide (1 1 ) in the middle, the front brake plates (13) being connected to the front surface of the guide, and the rear brake plates (10) being connected to the rear surface of the guide with the guide cavity (12) on the guide (11 ),

• Two-grade rotating part (30) that allows the rear brake plates (10) to open until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12), that can rotate around the sliding bearing (40), that has first-grade retainer hole (31 ), rear brake plate connecting hole (32), and first grade limitation cavity (33) thereon,

• Body connection part (50), in which the two-grade rotating part (30) is attached by engaging the sliding bearing (40), that acts as a body for the first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ) and the second grade pin pulling mechanism (62),

• Third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60) that is connected to the front connection part (80) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains retains the single-grade rotating part (70), that allows for releasing the single-grade rotating part (70) when it is activated, and opening the front brake plates (13) with centripetal acceleration until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12),

• First-grade pin pulling mechanism (61) that is connected to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains coincides with the first grade retainer hole (32), and when it is activated, that allows for releasing the rear brake plates (10) that tend to open outwards, gaining rotation of the two-grade rotating part (30), rotating the two-grade rotating part (30) until the pulling pin (90) in the second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) restricts the movement on the first grade limitation cavity (33), • Second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) that is connected to the body connection part (50) such that the pulling pin (90) it contains coincides with the first grade limitation cavity (33), after the first grade is opened in this way, that becomes active when the command receives, that allows for releasing the pulling pin (90) from the first grade limitation cavity (33), opening the rear brake plates (10) until the retainer pins (3) connected to the brake plate inner hole (2) are restricted by the guide cavity (12) with the release of the two-grade rotating part (30) again,

• Single-grade rotating part (70) where one surface thereof is connected to the front connection part (80) and the other surface thereof to the brake plate assembly (20) by engaging a sliding bearing (40) between it and that can rotate around the sliding bearing (40),

• Front connection part (80) that is connected with the single grade rotating part (70) by engaging the sliding bearing (40) between thereof, and in which the third-grade pin pulling mechanism (80) is positioned in the cavity thereof,

• Pulling pin (90) that allows for triggering the third-grade pin pulling mechanism (60), the first-grade pin pulling mechanism (61 ), and the second-grade pin pulling mechanism (62) with the command that receives. A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises retainer pin (3) that allows the ammunition to move in the direction perpendicular to the flight axis by following the geometry of the guide cavity (12) on the brake plate (10). A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises retainer pin (3) that allows the ammunition to move in the direction perpendicular to the flight axis by following the geometry of the guide cavity (12) on the brake plate (13). A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises guide part (1 1 ) that allows for directing and limiting the movement of the rear brake plates (10) and the front brake plates A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 or Claim 4, characterized in that it comprises guide part (1 1 ) that ensures the brake plates (1 ) to be opened uniformly at the same time within each grade. A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises two-grade rotating part (30) that locates the first-grade retainer hole (33), and the rear brake plate connecting hole (32), which can double the ammunition front surface area. A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises brake plate assembly (20), on which the front brake plates (13) and rear brake plates (10) are gradually opened with the command received and that allows the ammunition to change the range by decelerating. A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises single-grade rotating part (70) that is connected to the front brake plates (13) with retainer pins (3) and provides the increase of the third-grade front surface area. A gradual range correction mechanism (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that, it comprises body connection part (50), on which there are two pin pulling mechanisms (61 ) fixed on the inner surface thereof.