WO2022118844A1 - 冷凍サイクルシステム - Google Patents
冷凍サイクルシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118844A1 WO2022118844A1 PCT/JP2021/043884 JP2021043884W WO2022118844A1 WO 2022118844 A1 WO2022118844 A1 WO 2022118844A1 JP 2021043884 W JP2021043884 W JP 2021043884W WO 2022118844 A1 WO2022118844 A1 WO 2022118844A1
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- refrigerant
- primary side
- heat exchanger
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- primary
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/007—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for three pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02791—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using shut-off valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0313—Pressure sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/23—Separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2509—Economiser valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle system.
- the cascade heat exchanger of the dual refrigeration system as described above tends to have a smaller heat exchanger volume than the air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air. Therefore, in the cascade heat exchanger, when the degree of overcooling of the refrigerant of the radiator becomes large due to the fluctuation of the load of the evaporator, the ratio of the region where the liquid refrigerant exists to the entire heat exchanger volume becomes large, and the cascade becomes large. There is a risk that the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerants in the heat exchanger will decrease.
- the refrigeration cycle system includes a first circuit and a second circuit.
- the first circuit is a circuit in which the first refrigerant circulates.
- the first circuit includes a first compressor, a cascade heat exchanger, and a first heat exchanger.
- the second circuit is a circuit in which the second refrigerant circulates.
- the second circuit includes a second compressor, a cascade heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger.
- the first circuit has a first flow path, a suction flow path, a bypass circuit, and a control valve.
- the first flow path connects the cascade heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger.
- the suction flow path is a flow path extending from the suction side of the first compressor.
- the bypass circuit connects the first flow path and the suction flow path.
- the control valve is provided in the bypass circuit.
- the cascade heat exchanger functions as a radiator of the first refrigerant and functions as an evaporator of the second refrigerant
- an index regarding the degree of overcooling of the first refrigerant at the outlet of the cascade heat exchanger is a predetermined first condition.
- the control valve is opened.
- the cascade heat exchanger may be one that causes heat exchange between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant.
- control valve may be a valve that can switch between two states, an open state and a closed state, or may be a valve that can adjust the valve opening degree.
- the refrigerating cycle system according to the second aspect is obtained by subtracting the temperature of the first refrigerant flowing out of the cascade heat exchanger from (A) the condensation temperature of the first refrigerant in the first circuit.
- the obtained value is at least a predetermined value
- (B) the value obtained by subtracting the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant in the second circuit from the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant in the first circuit is at least the predetermined value
- C the first.
- the value obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature of the second refrigerant in the second circuit from the condensation temperature of the first refrigerant in the circuit is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, and (D) Cascade heat exchange from the condensation temperature of the first refrigerant in the first circuit.
- the first condition is satisfied when at least one of the values obtained by subtracting the temperature of the second refrigerant flowing into the vessel is equal to or higher than a predetermined value is satisfied.
- the temperature and pressure characteristics of the first refrigerant are different from the temperature and pressure characteristics of the second refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle system according to the second aspect.
- the first condition is the temperature difference between the temperature of the first refrigerant grasped from the pressure of the first refrigerant in the cascade heat exchanger and the temperature of the second refrigerant grasped from the pressure of the second refrigerant in the cascade heat exchanger. Judgment is based on.
- the first condition is judged by using the temperature converted from the pressure. It becomes possible to more accurately determine that the heat exchange efficiency in the cascade heat exchanger is reduced.
- the refrigeration cycle system includes (a) the temperature of the first refrigerant flowing out of the cascade heat exchanger and the temperature of the second refrigerant flowing into the cascade heat exchanger. , (B) The degree of overheating of the second refrigerant sucked by the second compressor is less than or equal to the predetermined value, and (c) The opening degree of the second expansion valve is greater than the predetermined value.
- the first condition is satisfied when at least one of the following is satisfied.
- the second circuit has a second expansion valve between the second heat exchanger and the cascade heat exchanger, and the second expansion valve is sucked into the second compressor. The valve opening changes according to the degree of superheat of the second refrigerant.
- the refrigeration cycle system is the refrigeration cycle system according to any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, and the first circuit further has an accumulator.
- the suction flow path includes a first suction flow path and a second suction flow path.
- the first suction flow path, the accumulator, the second suction flow path, and the first compressor are connected in this order.
- the bypass circuit is connected to the first suction flow path.
- control valve is fully opened when the first condition is satisfied in the refrigeration cycle system according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
- the refrigeration cycle system according to the seventh aspect reduces the rotation speed of the second compressor when the first condition is satisfied in the refrigeration cycle system according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
- the refrigeration cycle system according to the eighth aspect is the first control unit that controls the first circuit and the second control that controls the second circuit in the refrigeration cycle system according to any one of the first to seventh aspects. It also has a department.
- the first control unit can control the first circuit
- the second control unit can control the second circuit
- the second control unit issues a control instruction for the control valve. If the first condition is not satisfied, the first control unit issues a control instruction to the control valve.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle system 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic functional block configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle system 1.
- the refrigeration cycle system 1 is a device used for heating and cooling indoors of buildings and the like by performing a steam compression type refrigeration cycle operation.
- the refrigeration cycle system 1 has a dual refrigerant circuit including a steam compression type primary side refrigerant circuit 5a (corresponding to the first circuit) and a steam compression type secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 (corresponding to the second circuit). And perform a dual refrigeration cycle.
- R32 corresponding to the first refrigerant
- R32 or the like is enclosed in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a as a refrigerant.
- carbon dioxide corresponding to the second refrigerant
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 are thermally connected via a cascade heat exchanger 35 described later.
- the refrigeration cycle system 1 is configured by connecting a primary side unit 5, a heat source unit 2, a plurality of branch units 6a, 6b, 6c, and a plurality of utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c to each other via pipes. ing.
- the primary side unit 5 and the heat source unit 2 are connected by a primary side first connecting pipe 111 and a primary side second connecting pipe 112.
- the heat source unit 2 and the plurality of branch units 6a, 6b, 6c are connected by three refrigerant connecting pipes, that is, the secondary side second connecting pipe 9, the secondary side first connecting pipe 8, and the secondary side third connecting pipe 7. Has been done.
- the plurality of branch units 6a, 6b, 6c and the plurality of utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c are connected by the first branch connection pipes 15a, 15b, 15c and the second branch connection pipes 16a, 16b, 16c.
- the primary side unit 5 is one in this embodiment.
- the heat source unit 2 is one in this embodiment.
- the plurality of utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c are the first utilization unit 3a, the second utilization unit 3b, and the third utilization unit 3c.
- the plurality of branch units 6a, 6b, and 6c are the first branch unit 6a, the second branch unit 6b, and the third branch unit 6c.
- each of the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c can individually perform the cooling operation or the heating operation, and the refrigerant is transferred from the utilization unit that performs the heating operation to the utilization unit that performs the cooling operation. It is configured so that heat can be recovered between the units used by sending it. Specifically, in the present embodiment, heat recovery is performed by performing cooling-based operation or heating-based operation in which cooling operation and heating operation are performed at the same time. Further, in the refrigeration cycle system 1, the heat load of the heat source unit 2 is balanced according to the heat load of the entire plurality of utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c in consideration of the above heat recovery (cooling main operation and heating main operation). It is configured as follows.
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a includes a primary side compressor 71 (corresponding to the first compressor), a primary side switching mechanism 72, and a primary side heat exchanger 74 (corresponding to the first heat exchanger). ), The liquid connection pipe 126 (corresponding to a part of the first flow path), the primary side first expansion valve 76, the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103, and the primary side supercooling circuit 104 (corresponding to the bypass circuit). ), The primary side overcooling expansion valve 104a (corresponding to the control valve), the first liquid closing valve 108, the primary side first connecting pipe 111 (corresponding to a part of the first flow path), and the second liquid closing.
- the primary side compressor 71 is a device for compressing the refrigerant on the primary side. For example, from a displacement type compressor such as a scroll type that can change the operating capacity by controlling the compressor motor 71a with an inverter. Become.
- the primary side accumulator 105 is provided in the middle of the primary side suction flow path 125 that connects the primary side switching mechanism 72 and the suction side of the primary side compressor 71.
- the primary side suction flow path 125 includes a first suction flow path 125a that connects the primary side switching mechanism 72 and the primary side accumulator 105, and a second suction flow flow that connects the primary side accumulator 105 and the suction side of the primary side compressor 71. It has a road 125b and.
- the primary side switching mechanism 72 is provided on the suction side of the primary side compressor 71 and the gas side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It becomes the fifth connection state to connect with (see the solid line of the primary side switching mechanism 72 in FIG. 1). Further, when the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as a radiator of the refrigerant on the primary side, the primary side switching mechanism 72 of the discharge side of the primary side compressor 71 and the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. A sixth connection state is established in which the gas side is connected (see the broken line of the primary side switching mechanism 72 in FIG. 1).
- the primary side switching mechanism 72 is a device capable of switching the flow path of the refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a, and includes, for example, a four-way switching valve. Then, by changing the switching state of the primary side switching mechanism 72, it is possible to make the cascade heat exchanger 35 function as an evaporator or a radiator of the refrigerant on the primary side.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is a device for allowing heat exchange between a refrigerant such as R32, which is a refrigerant on the primary side, and a refrigerant such as carbon dioxide, which is a refrigerant on the secondary side, without mixing with each other.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 comprises, for example, a plate type heat exchanger.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 has a secondary side flow path 35a belonging to the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 and a primary side flow path 35b belonging to the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a.
- the gas side of the secondary side flow path 35a is connected to the secondary side switching mechanism 22 via the third heat source pipe 25, and the liquid side thereof is connected to the heat source side expansion valve 36 via the fourth heat source pipe 26.
- the gas side of the primary side flow path 35b is the second connection pipe 113, the second gas closing valve 107, the primary side second connecting pipe 112, the first gas closing valve 109, the primary side switching mechanism 72, and the first suction flow path. It is connected to the primary side compressor 71 via 125a, the primary side accumulator 105, and the second suction flow path 125b, and its liquid side is connected to the primary side second expansion valve 102 provided in the first connection pipe 115. ..
- the primary side heat exchanger 74 is a device for exchanging heat between the refrigerant on the primary side and the outdoor air.
- the gas side of the primary side heat exchanger 74 is connected to a pipe extending from the primary side switching mechanism 72.
- the liquid side of the primary side heat exchanger 74 is connected to the first liquid closing valve 108 through the liquid connection pipe 126.
- the primary side heat exchanger 74 comprises, for example, a fin-and-tube heat exchanger composed of a large number of heat transfer tubes and fins.
- the liquid connection pipe 126 connects the liquid side end of the primary side heat exchanger 74 and the first liquid closing valve 108, and has the first liquid connection pipe 126a and the second liquid connection pipe 126b.
- the first liquid connection pipe 126a extends from the liquid side end of the primary side heat exchanger 74 to the primary side first expansion valve 76.
- the second liquid connection pipe 126b extends from the primary side first expansion valve 76 to the first liquid closing valve 108 via the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103.
- the primary side first expansion valve 76 is provided in a portion of the liquid connection pipe 126 between the liquid side of the primary side heat exchanger 74 and the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103.
- the primary side first expansion valve 76 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree, which adjusts the flow rate of the primary side refrigerant flowing through the liquid connection pipe 126 of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a.
- the primary side supercooling circuit 104 branches from between the primary side first expansion valve 76 and the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 in the liquid connection pipe 126, and is the first suction in the primary side suction flow path 125. It is connected to the flow path 125a.
- the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a is provided on the upstream side of the primary side supercooling circuit 104 with respect to the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103.
- the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree, which adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the primary side supercooling circuit 104.
- the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 includes a refrigerant flowing from the primary side first expansion valve 76 toward the first liquid closing valve 108 and a refrigerant decompressed in the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a in the primary side supercooling circuit 104. It is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with and.
- the primary side first connecting pipe 111 is a pipe connecting the first liquid closing valve 108 and the second liquid closing valve 106, and connects the primary side unit 5 and the heat source unit 2.
- the primary side second connecting pipe 112 is a pipe connecting the first gas closing valve 109 and the second gas closing valve 107, and connects the primary side unit 5 and the heat source unit 2.
- the first connection pipe 115 is a pipe that connects the second liquid closing valve 106 and the liquid side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35, and is provided in the heat source unit 2.
- the primary side second expansion valve 102 is provided in the first connection pipe 115, and is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree, which adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the first connection pipe 115. ..
- the second connection pipe 113 is a pipe that connects the gas side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 and the second gas closing valve 107, and is provided in the heat source unit 2.
- the first gas closing valve 109 is provided between the primary side second connecting pipe 112 and the primary side switching mechanism 72.
- the secondary refrigerant circuit 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c, a plurality of branch units 6a, 6b, 6c, and a heat source unit 2 to each other. ing.
- Each utilization unit 3a, 3b, 3c is connected to the corresponding branch units 6a, 6b, 6c on a one-to-one basis.
- the utilization unit 3a and the branch unit 6a are connected via the first branch connection pipe 15a and the second branch connection pipe 16a
- the utilization unit 3b and the branch unit 6b are connected to the first branch connection pipe 15b and the first branch connection pipe 16a.
- each branch unit 6a, 6b, 6c includes a heat source unit 2, a secondary side third connecting pipe 7, a secondary side first connecting pipe 8, and a secondary side second connecting pipe 9, which are three connecting pipes. It is connected via. Specifically, the secondary side third connecting pipe 7, the secondary side first connecting pipe 8, and the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 extending from the heat source unit 2 are each branched into a plurality of branches, and each branch is formed. It is connected to the units 6a, 6b, 6c.
- a refrigerant in either a gas-liquid two-phase state or a gas state refrigerant flows through the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 depending on the operating state.
- the refrigerant in the supercritical state flows through the first connecting pipe 8 on the secondary side according to the operating state.
- a refrigerant in either a gas-liquid two-phase state or a gas-state refrigerant flows through the secondary side second connecting pipe 9, depending on the operating state.
- a refrigerant in either a gas-liquid two-phase state or a liquid-state refrigerant flows through the secondary side third connecting pipe 7, depending on the operating state.
- the refrigerant in the supercritical state flows through the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 according to the operating state.
- the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is configured by connecting the heat source circuit 12, the branch circuits 14a, 14b, 14c, and the utilization circuits 13a, 13b, 13c to each other.
- the heat source circuit 12 mainly includes a secondary side compressor 21 (corresponding to a second compressor), a secondary side switching mechanism 22, a first heat source pipe 28, a second heat source pipe 29, and a suction flow path 23.
- the secondary side compressor 21 is a device for compressing the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- positive displacement compression such as a scroll type capable of varying the operating capacity by controlling the compressor motor 21a with an inverter. It consists of a machine.
- the secondary compressor 21 is controlled so that the larger the load, the larger the operating capacity, depending on the load during operation.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a mechanism capable of switching the connection state of the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10, particularly the flow path of the refrigerant in the heat source circuit 12.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is configured by providing four switching valves 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d, which are two-way valves, side by side in an annular flow path.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 instead of this, a combination of a plurality of three-way switching valves may be used.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a flow that connects the first switching valve 22a provided in the flow path connecting the discharge flow path 24 and the third heat source pipe 25, and the discharge flow path 24 and the first heat source pipe 28.
- the second switching valve 22b provided in the path, the third switching valve 22c provided in the flow path connecting the suction flow path 23 and the third heat source pipe 25, the suction flow path 23, and the first heat source pipe 28. It has a fourth switching valve 22d provided in the flow path connecting the two.
- the first switching valve 22a, the second switching valve 22b, the third switching valve 22c, and the fourth switching valve 22d are solenoid valves that can switch between an open state and a closed state, respectively.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 keeps the first switching valve 22a open and cascade heat with the discharge side of the secondary compressor 21.
- the first connection state is set in which the third switching valve 22c is closed while connecting to the gas side of the secondary side flow path 35a of the exchanger 35.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 opens the third switching valve 22c to the suction side of the secondary compressor 21.
- the second connection state is set so that the first switching valve 22a is closed while connecting to the gas side of the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 sends the secondary side refrigerant discharged from the secondary side compressor 21 to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8, the second switching valve 22b is opened. While connecting the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 and the secondary side first connecting pipe 8, the fourth switching valve 22d is closed in the third connection state. Further, when the refrigerant flowing through the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 is sucked into the secondary side compressor 21, the secondary side switching mechanism 22 keeps the fourth switching valve 22d open and makes the secondary side first contact. While connecting the pipe 8 and the suction side of the secondary compressor 21, the second switching valve 22b is closed in the fourth connection state.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 causes heat exchange between the refrigerant such as R32 which is the primary side refrigerant and the refrigerant such as carbon dioxide which is the secondary side refrigerant without mixing with each other. It is a device for.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 includes a secondary side flow path 35a through which the secondary side refrigerant of the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 flows, and a primary side flow path 35b through which the primary side refrigerant of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a flows. Is shared by the primary side unit 5 and the heat source unit 2.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is arranged inside the heat source casing 2x of the heat source unit 2.
- the gas side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 extends to the primary side second connecting pipe 112 outside the heat source casing 2x via the second connecting pipe 113 and the second gas closing valve 107.
- the liquid side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 passes through the primary side second expansion valve 102, the first connection pipe 115, and the second liquid closing valve 106, and the primary side first connecting pipe outside the heat source casing 2x. It extends to 111.
- the heat source side expansion valve 36 is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the cascade heat exchanger 35 and capable of adjusting the opening degree in order to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant on the secondary side flowing through the cascade heat exchanger 35. Is.
- the heat source side expansion valve 36 is provided in the fourth heat source pipe 26.
- the third closing valve 31, the first closing valve 32, and the second closing valve 33 are valves provided at connection ports with external equipment / piping (specifically, connecting pipes 7, 8 and 9). Specifically, the third closing valve 31 is connected to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 drawn from the heat source unit 2. The first shutoff valve 32 is connected to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 drawn from the heat source unit 2. The second shutoff valve 33 is connected to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 drawn from the heat source unit 2.
- the first heat source pipe 28 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the first closing valve 32 and the secondary side switching mechanism 22. Specifically, the first heat source pipe 28 connects the first closing valve 32 and the portion of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 between the second switching valve 22b and the fourth switching valve 22d. There is.
- the suction flow path 23 is a flow path that connects the secondary side switching mechanism 22 and the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21. Specifically, the suction flow path 23 has a portion of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 between the third switching valve 22c and the fourth switching valve 22d, and the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21. You are connected.
- a secondary accumulator 30 is provided in the middle of the suction flow path 23.
- the second heat source pipe 29 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the second closing valve 33 and the middle of the suction flow path 23.
- the second heat source pipe 29 is the portion of the suction flow path 23 between the second switching valve 22b and the fourth switching valve 22d in the secondary side switching mechanism 22, and the secondary side accumulator 30. It is connected to the suction flow path 23 at the connection point which is a portion between and.
- the discharge flow path 24 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 and the secondary side switching mechanism 22. Specifically, the discharge flow path 24 has a discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 and a portion of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 between the first switching valve 22a and the second switching valve 22b. You are connected.
- the third heat source pipe 25 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the secondary side switching mechanism 22 and the gas side of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the third heat source pipe 25 includes a portion of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 between the first switching valve 22a and the third switching valve 22c and the secondary side flow path in the cascade heat exchanger 35. It is connected to the gas side end of 35a.
- the fourth heat source pipe 26 has the liquid side of the cascade heat exchanger 35 (the side opposite to the gas side and the side opposite to the side where the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is provided) and the secondary side receiver 45. It is a refrigerant pipe to be connected. Specifically, the fourth heat source pipe 26 connects the liquid side end portion (the end portion on the opposite side to the gas side) of the secondary side flow path 35a in the cascade heat exchanger 35 and the secondary side receiver 45. is doing.
- the secondary side receiver 45 is a refrigerant container for storing excess refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10.
- a fourth heat source pipe 26, a fifth heat source pipe 27, and a bypass circuit 46 extend from the secondary receiver 45.
- the bypass circuit 46 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the gas phase region, which is the upper region inside the secondary receiver 45, and the suction flow path 23. Specifically, the bypass circuit 46 is connected between the secondary side switching mechanism 22 and the secondary side accumulator 30 in the suction flow path 23.
- the bypass circuit 46 is provided with a bypass expansion valve 46a.
- the bypass expansion valve 46a is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the amount of the refrigerant guided from the inside of the secondary side receiver 45 to the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 by adjusting the opening degree.
- the fifth heat source pipe 27 is a refrigerant pipe that connects the secondary side receiver 45 and the third closing valve 31.
- the secondary side supercooling circuit 48 is a refrigerant pipe that connects a part of the fifth heat source pipe 27 and the suction flow path 23. Specifically, the secondary side supercooling circuit 48 is connected between the secondary side switching mechanism 22 and the secondary side accumulator 30 in the suction flow path 23. In the present embodiment, the secondary side supercooling circuit 48 extends so as to branch from between the secondary side receiver 45 and the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47.
- the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the flow path belonging to the fifth heat source pipe 27 and the refrigerant flowing through the flow path belonging to the secondary side supercooling circuit 48.
- the fifth heat source pipe 27 is provided between the portion where the secondary side supercooling circuit 48 is branched and the third shutoff valve 31.
- the secondary side supercooling expansion valve 48a is provided between the branch point from the fifth heat source pipe 27 in the secondary side supercooling circuit 48 and the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47.
- the secondary side supercooling expansion valve 48a supplies a reduced pressure refrigerant to the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47, and is an electric expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted.
- the secondary side accumulator 30 is a container capable of storing the secondary side refrigerant, and is provided on the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21.
- the oil separator 34 is provided in the middle of the discharge flow path 24.
- the oil separator 34 is a device for separating the refrigerating machine oil discharged from the secondary side compressor 21 along with the secondary side refrigerant from the secondary side refrigerant and returning it to the secondary side compressor 21. ..
- the oil return circuit 40 is provided so as to connect the oil separator 34 and the suction flow path 23.
- the oil return circuit 40 extends so that the flow path extending from the oil separator 34 joins the portion of the suction flow path 23 between the secondary accumulator 30 and the suction side of the secondary compressor 21. It has an oil return flow path 41.
- An oil return capillary tube 42 and an oil return on-off valve 44 are provided in the middle of the oil return flow path 41.
- the oil return on-off valve 44 maintains the open state for a predetermined time and the closed state for a predetermined time when the secondary side compressor 21 is in the operating state in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10. By repeating this, the amount of refrigerating machine oil returned through the oil return circuit 40 is controlled.
- the oil return on-off valve 44 is a solenoid valve whose opening and closing is controlled in the present embodiment, the oil return capillary tube 42 may be omitted while being an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree.
- the utilization circuits 13a, 13b, and 13c will be described. However, since the utilization circuits 13b and 13c have the same configuration as the utilization circuit 13a, the utilization circuits 13b and 13c are referred to by reference numerals indicating each part of the utilization circuit 13a. Instead of “a”, the subscript of "b” or “c” is added, and the description of each part is omitted.
- the utilization circuit 13a mainly has a utilization side heat exchanger 52a (corresponding to a second heat exchanger), a first utilization pipe 57a, a second utilization pipe 56a, and a utilization side expansion valve 51a. ..
- the user-side heat exchanger 52a is a device for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the indoor air, and includes, for example, a fin-and-tube heat exchanger composed of a large number of heat transfer tubes and fins.
- the plurality of user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c are connected in parallel to the secondary side switching mechanism 22, the suction flow path 23, and the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- One end of the second utilization pipe 56a is connected to the liquid side (the side opposite to the gas side) of the utilization side heat exchanger 52a of the first utilization unit 3a.
- the other end of the second utilization pipe 56a is connected to the second branch connection pipe 16a.
- the above-mentioned utilization side expansion valve 51a is provided in the middle of the second utilization pipe 56a.
- the user-side expansion valve 51a is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree, which adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchanger 52a.
- the utilization side expansion valve 51a is provided in the second utilization pipe 56a.
- One end of the first utilization pipe 57a is connected to the gas side of the utilization side heat exchanger 52a of the first utilization unit 3a.
- the first utilization pipe 57a is connected to the side opposite to the utilization side expansion valve 51a side of the utilization side heat exchanger 52a.
- the other end of the first utilization pipe 57a is connected to the first branch connection pipe 15a.
- branch circuits 14a, 14b, and 14c will be described. However, since the branch circuits 14b and 14c have the same configuration as the branch circuits 14a, the branch circuits 14b and 14c are referred to by reference numerals indicating each part of the branch circuits 14a. Instead of “a”, the subscript of "b” or “c” is added, and the description of each part is omitted.
- the branch circuit 14a mainly has a merging pipe 62a, a first branch pipe 63a, a second branch pipe 64a, a first control valve 66a, a second control valve 67a, and a third branch pipe 61a. ing.
- One end of the merging pipe 62a is connected to the first branch connecting pipe 15a.
- a first branch pipe 63a and a second branch pipe 64a are branched and connected to the other end of the merging pipe 62a.
- the side of the first branch pipe 63a opposite to the merging pipe 62 side is connected to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8.
- the first branch pipe 63a is provided with a first control valve 66a that can be opened and closed.
- the first control valve 66a an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree is adopted, but an electromagnetic valve or the like capable of only opening and closing may be adopted.
- the side of the second branch pipe 64a opposite to the merging pipe 62 side is connected to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9.
- the second branch pipe 64a is provided with a second control valve 67a that can be opened and closed.
- the second control valve 67a an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening degree is adopted, but a solenoid valve or the like capable of opening and closing only may be adopted.
- One end of the third branch pipe 61a is connected to the second branch connection pipe 16a.
- the other end of the third branch pipe 61a is connected to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7.
- the first branch unit 6a can function as follows by opening the first control valve 66a and the second control valve 67a when performing the cooling operation described later.
- the first branch unit 6a sends the refrigerant flowing into the third branch pipe 61a through the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 to the second branch connecting pipe 16a.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second utilization pipe 56a of the first utilization unit 3a through the second branch connection pipe 16a is sent to the utilization side heat exchanger 52a of the first utilization unit 3a through the utilization side expansion valve 51a.
- the refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchanger 52a evaporates by heat exchange with the indoor air, and then flows through the first branch connection pipe 15a via the first utilization pipe 57a.
- the refrigerant that has flowed through the first branch connecting pipe 15a is sent to the merging pipe 62a of the first branch unit 6a.
- the refrigerant flowing through the merging pipe 62a branches into the first branch pipe 63a and the second branch pipe 64a and flows.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the first control valve 66a in the first branch pipe 63a is sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second control valve 67a in the second branch pipe 64a is sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9.
- the first control valve 66a when the room is cooled in the first utilization unit 3a when the cooling main operation and the heating main operation described later are performed, the first control valve 66a is closed. At the same time, by opening the second control valve 67a, the function can be as follows.
- the first branch unit 6a sends the refrigerant flowing into the third branch pipe 61a through the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 to the second branch connecting pipe 16a.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second utilization pipe 56a of the first utilization unit 3a through the second branch connection pipe 16a is sent to the utilization side heat exchanger 52a of the first utilization unit 3a through the utilization side expansion valve 51a.
- the refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchanger 52a evaporates by heat exchange with the indoor air, and then flows through the first branch connection pipe 15a via the first utilization pipe 57a.
- the refrigerant that has flowed through the first branch connecting pipe 15a is sent to the merging pipe 62a of the first branch unit 6a.
- the refrigerant that has flowed through the merging pipe 62a flows into the second branch pipe 64a, passes through the second control valve 67a, and is then sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9.
- the second control valve 67a is opened or closed according to the operating condition as described later, and the first control valve 66a is opened.
- the first branch unit 6a the refrigerant flowing into the first branch pipe 63a through the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 passes through the first control valve 66a and is sent to the merging pipe 62a.
- the refrigerant flowing through the merging pipe 62a flows through the first utilization pipe 57a of the utilization unit 3a via the first branch connection pipe 15a and is sent to the utilization side heat exchanger 52a.
- the refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchanger 52a dissipates heat by heat exchange with the indoor air, and then passes through the user-side expansion valve 51a provided in the second utilization pipe 56a.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second utilization pipe 56a flows through the third branch pipe 61a of the first branch unit 6a via the second branch connection pipe 16a, and then is sent to the secondary side third communication pipe 7.
- the second control valve 67a is closed.
- the function can be as follows.
- the refrigerant flowing into the first branch pipe 63a through the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 passes through the first control valve 66a and is sent to the merging pipe 62a.
- the refrigerant flowing through the merging pipe 62a flows through the first utilization pipe 57a of the utilization unit 3a via the first branch connection pipe 15a and is sent to the utilization side heat exchanger 52a.
- the refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchanger 52a dissipates heat by heat exchange with the indoor air, and then passes through the user-side expansion valve 51a provided in the second utilization pipe 56a.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second utilization pipe 56a flows through the third branch pipe 61a of the first branch unit 6a via the second branch connection pipe 16a, and then is sent to the secondary side third communication pipe 7.
- Such a function has not only the first branch unit 6a but also the second branch unit 6b and the third branch unit 6c. Therefore, the first branch unit 6a, the second branch unit 6b, and the third branch unit 6c each function as a refrigerant evaporator for each of the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c. , It is possible to switch individually whether to function as a radiator for the refrigerant.
- the primary side unit 5 is installed in a space different from the space in which the utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c and the branch units 6a, 6b, 6c are arranged, a rooftop, or the like.
- the primary side unit 5 includes a part of the above-mentioned primary side refrigerant circuit 5a, a primary side fan 75, various sensors, and a primary side control unit 70 (corresponding to the first control unit) in a primary side casing (not shown). It is configured to have in.
- the primary side unit 5 includes a primary side compressor 71, a primary side switching mechanism 72, a primary side heat exchanger 74, a primary side primary expansion valve 76, and a primary side supercooling as a part of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a. It has a cooling heat exchanger 103, a primary side supercooling circuit 104, a primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a, a first liquid closing valve 108, a first gas closing valve 109, and a primary side accumulator 105. There is.
- the primary side fan 75 is provided in the primary side unit 5, and after guiding outdoor air to the primary side heat exchanger 74 and exchanging heat with the primary side refrigerant flowing through the primary side heat exchanger 74, it is outdoors. Creates an air flow that causes the air to be discharged.
- the primary fan 75 is driven by the primary fan motor 75a.
- various sensors are provided on the primary side unit 5. Specifically, the outside air temperature sensor 77 that detects the temperature of the outdoor air before passing through the primary side heat exchanger 74, and the primary side discharge that detects the pressure of the primary side refrigerant discharged from the primary side compressor 71.
- a side suction temperature sensor 81 and a primary side heat exchange temperature sensor 82 for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the primary side heat exchanger 74 are provided.
- the primary side control unit 70 controls the operation of each unit 71 (71a), 72, 75 (75a), 76, 104a provided in the primary side unit 5.
- the primary side control unit 70 has a processor such as a CPU or a microcomputer provided for controlling the primary side unit 5 and a memory, and has a control signal or the like between the remote controller (not shown). And exchange control signals and the like with the heat source side control unit 20 of the secondary side unit 4, the branch unit control units 60a, 60b, 60c, and the user side control units 50a, 50b, 50c. Can be done.
- Heat source unit 2 is installed in a space different from the space in which the utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c and the branch units 6a, 6b, 6c are arranged, a rooftop, or the like.
- the heat source unit 2 is connected to the branch units 6a, 6b, 6c via the connecting pipes 7, 8 and 9, and constitutes a part of the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10. Further, the heat source unit 2 is connected to the primary side unit 5 via the primary side first connecting pipe 111 and the primary side second connecting pipe 112, and constitutes a part of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a.
- the heat source unit 2 mainly comprises the above-mentioned heat source circuit 12, various sensors, a heat source side control unit 20 (corresponding to the second control unit), and a second liquid closing valve 106 that constitutes a part of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a.
- the first connecting pipe 115, the primary side second expansion valve 102, the second connecting pipe 113, and the second gas closing valve 107 are provided in a heat source casing (not shown).
- the heat source unit 2 includes a secondary side suction pressure sensor 37 that detects the pressure of the secondary side refrigerant on the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21, and a secondary side refrigerant on the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21.
- Secondary side discharge pressure sensor 38 for detecting the pressure of the secondary side discharge temperature sensor 39 for detecting the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant on the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21, and the secondary side compressor 21.
- the primary side that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the primary side that flows between the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 and the primary side second expansion valve 102.
- the primary side second temperature that detects the temperature of the primary side refrigerant flowing through the second connection pipe 113 between the first temperature sensor 121, the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35, and the second gas shutoff valve 107.
- a receiver outlet temperature sensor 84 that detects the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing between the sensor 122 and the secondary side receiver 45 to the secondary side overcooling heat exchanger 47, and a bypass expansion valve 46a in the bypass circuit 46.
- the bypass circuit temperature sensor 85 that detects the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing on the downstream side, and the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing between the secondary side overcooling heat exchanger 47 and the third closing valve 31 are detected.
- the overcooling outlet temperature sensor 86 and the overcooling circuit temperature sensor 87 that detects the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing through the outlet of the secondary side overcooling heat exchanger 47 in the secondary side overcooling circuit 48 are provided. Has been done.
- the heat source side control unit 20 controls the operation of each unit 21 (21a), 22, 36, 44, 46a, 48a, 102 provided in the heat source unit 2.
- the heat source side control unit 20 controls the valve opening degree of the primary side second expansion valve 102, which is a component constituting a part of the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a, not the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10.
- the heat source side control unit 20 has a processor and memory such as a CPU and a microcomputer provided for controlling the heat source unit 2, and includes the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5 and the utilization units 3a and 3b. Control signals and the like can be exchanged with the user-side control units 50a, 50b, 50c of 3c and the branch unit control units 60a, 60b, 60c.
- Utilization unit 3a, 3b, and 3c are installed in the ceiling of a building or the like by embedding or hanging them, or by hanging them on the wall surface of the room.
- the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c are connected to the heat source unit 2 via the connecting pipes 7, 8, and 9.
- the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c have utilization circuits 13a, 13b, and 13c that form a part of the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10.
- the configurations of the usage units 3a, 3b, and 3c will be described. Since the second utilization unit 3b and the third utilization unit 3c have the same configuration as the first utilization unit 3a, only the configuration of the first utilization unit 3a will be described here, and the second utilization unit 3b and the third utilization unit 3b will be described. Regarding the configuration of the utilization unit 3c, the subscript "b" or “c” is added instead of the subscript "a" of the code indicating each part of the first utilization unit 3a, and the description of each part is omitted.
- the first utilization unit 3a mainly has the above-mentioned utilization circuit 13a, an indoor fan 53a, a utilization side control unit 50a, and various sensors.
- the indoor fan 53a has an indoor fan motor 54a.
- the indoor fan 53a sucks indoor air into the unit, exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchanger 52a, and then generates an air flow to be supplied to the room as supply air.
- the indoor fan 53a is driven by the indoor fan motor 54a.
- the utilization unit 3a is provided with a liquid side temperature sensor 58a that detects the temperature of the refrigerant on the liquid side of the utilization side heat exchanger 52a. Further, the utilization unit 3a is provided with an indoor temperature sensor 55a that detects the indoor temperature, which is the temperature of the air taken in from the room and before passing through the utilization side heat exchanger 52a. Further, the utilization unit 3a is provided with an indoor outlet temperature sensor 59a that detects the temperature of the air that has passed through the utilization side heat exchanger 52a.
- the user-side control unit 50a controls the operations of the units 51a and 53a (54a) constituting the utilization unit 3a.
- the user-side control unit 50a has a processor such as a CPU or a microcomputer provided for controlling the user unit 3a and a memory, and controls signals or the like between the remote controller (not shown).
- a processor such as a CPU or a microcomputer provided for controlling the user unit 3a and a memory, and controls signals or the like between the remote controller (not shown).
- the branch unit control units 60a, 60b, 60c, and the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5. Can be done.
- the second utilization unit 3b has a utilization circuit 13b, an indoor fan 53b, a utilization side control unit 50b, and an indoor fan motor 54b.
- the third utilization unit 3c includes a utilization circuit 13c, an indoor fan 53c, a utilization side control unit 50c, and an indoor fan motor 54c.
- Branch unit 6a, 6b, and 6c are installed in a space behind the ceiling in a building or the like.
- the branch units 6a, 6b, 6c are connected to the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c in a one-to-one correspondence.
- the branch units 6a, 6b, 6c are connected to the heat source unit 2 via the connecting pipes 7, 8 and 9.
- the configurations of the branch units 6a, 6b, and 6c will be described. Since the second branch unit 6b and the third branch unit 6c have the same configuration as the first branch unit 6a, only the configuration of the first branch unit 6a will be described here, and the second branch unit 6b and the third branch unit 6b and the third branch unit 6b will be described. Regarding the configuration of the branch unit 6c, the subscript "b" or “c” is added instead of the subscript "a" of the code indicating each part of the first branch unit 6a, and the description of each part is omitted.
- the first branch unit 6a mainly has the above-mentioned branch circuit 14a and the branch unit control unit 60a.
- the branch unit control unit 60a controls the operations of the units 66a and 67a constituting the branch unit 6a.
- the branch unit control unit 60a has a processor such as a CPU or a microcomputer provided for controlling the branch unit 6a and a memory, and receives a control signal or the like between the remote controller (not shown). It is possible to exchange control signals and the like with the heat source side control unit 20 of the secondary side unit 4, the utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c, and the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5. It has become like.
- the second branch unit 6b has a branch circuit 14b and a branch unit control unit 60b.
- the third branch unit 6c has a branch circuit 14c and a branch unit control unit 60c.
- Control unit 80 In the refrigeration cycle system 1, the heat source side control unit 20, the user side control unit 50a, 50b, 50c, the branch unit control unit 60a, 60b, 60c, and the primary side control unit 70 are wired or wireless.
- the control unit 80 is configured by being connected to each other so as to be communicable with each other.
- the control unit 80 has various sensors 37, 38, 39, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 58a, 58b, 58c, 59a, 59b, 59c, Based on the detection information of 121, 122 and the like and the instruction information received from the remote controller (not shown), each part 21 (21a), 22, 36, 44, 46a, 48a, 51a, 51b, 51c, 53a, 53b, 53c ( 54a, 54b, 54c), 66a, 66b, 66c, 67a, 67b, 67c, 71 (71a), 72, 75 (75a), 76, 102, 104a are controlled.
- the refrigeration cycle operation of the refrigeration cycle system 1 can be mainly divided into a cooling operation, a heating operation, a cooling-based operation, and a heating-based operation.
- the utilization side heat exchanger functions as an evaporator of the refrigerant
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is used as the secondary side refrigerant with respect to the evaporation load of the entire utilization unit. It is a refrigeration cycle operation that functions as a radiator.
- the utilization side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant radiator
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is used as a secondary side refrigerant evaporator for the heat dissipation load of the entire utilization unit. It is a refrigeration cycle operation that functions as.
- Cooling-based operation is an operation in which a utilization unit in which the user-side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant evaporator and a utilization unit in which the user-side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant radiator are mixed. be.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as a radiator of the refrigerant on the secondary side with respect to the evaporation load of the entire utilization unit. It is a cycle operation.
- the heating-based operation is an operation in which a utilization unit in which the user-side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant evaporator and a utilization unit in which the user-side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant radiator are mixed. be.
- the heating main operation when the heat dissipation load is the main heat load of the entire utilization unit, the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as an evaporator of the refrigerant on the secondary side with respect to the heat dissipation load of the entire utilization unit. It is a cycle operation.
- the operation of the refrigeration cycle system 1 including these refrigeration cycle operations is performed by the above-mentioned control unit 80.
- Cooling operation for example, all of the heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c on the user side of the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c function as refrigerant evaporators, and the cascade heat exchanger 35 is operated. Operates to function as a radiator for the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 of the refrigeration cycle system 1 are configured as shown in FIG.
- the arrow attached to the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the arrow attached to the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 in FIG. 3 indicate the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant on the primary side by switching the primary side switching mechanism 72 to the fifth connection state.
- the fifth connection state of the primary side switching mechanism 72 is the connection state shown by the solid line in the primary side switching mechanism 72 of FIG.
- the condensed primary side refrigerant in the primary side heat exchanger 74 passes through the primary side first expansion valve 76 controlled to the fully open state, and a part of the refrigerant passes through the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 to the first liquid. It flows toward the shutoff valve 108, and some other refrigerant branches to the primary side supercooling circuit 104 and flows.
- the refrigerant flowing through the primary side supercooling circuit 104 is depressurized as it passes through the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the refrigerant flowing from the primary side first expansion valve 76 toward the first liquid closing valve 108 is decompressed by the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a in the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 and flows through the primary side supercooling circuit 104. It exchanges heat with the refrigerant and is cooled until it becomes supercooled.
- the supercooled refrigerant flows in the order of the primary side first connecting pipe 111, the second liquid closing valve 106, and the first connecting pipe 115, and is depressurized in the primary side second expansion valve 102.
- the decompressed refrigerant in the primary side second expansion valve 102 evaporates by exchanging heat with the secondary side refrigerant flowing in the secondary side flow path 35a when flowing through the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. Then, it flows toward the second gas closing valve 107 through the second connecting pipe 113. The refrigerant that has passed through the second gas closing valve 107 reaches the primary side switching mechanism 72 after passing through the primary side second connecting pipe 112 and the first gas closing valve 109.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the primary side switching mechanism 72 merges with the refrigerant that has flowed through the primary side supercooling circuit 104 in the first suction flow path 125a, and then passes through the primary side accumulator 105 and the second suction flow path 125b to the primary side. It is sucked into the compressor 71.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as a radiator of the refrigerant on the secondary side by switching the secondary side switching mechanism 22 to the first connection state and the fourth connection state. ing.
- the first connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the first switching valve 22a is in the open state and the third switching valve 22c is in the closed state.
- the fourth connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the fourth switching valve 22d is in the open state and the second switching valve 22b is in the closed state.
- the opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is adjusted.
- the first control valves 66a, 66b, 66c and the second control valves 67a, 67b, 67c are controlled to be in the open state.
- all of the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c of the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c function as refrigerant evaporators.
- all of the heat exchangers 52a, 52b and 52c on the side of use of the use units 3a, 3b and 3c and the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are the first use pipes 57a, 57b, 57c and the first.
- the high pressure refrigerant on the secondary side compressed and discharged by the secondary side compressor 21 is passed through the secondary side switching mechanism 22 to the secondary side flow path of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It is sent to 35a.
- the high pressure refrigerant on the secondary side flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a dissipates heat, and the primary side refrigerant flowing through the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 evaporates.
- the secondary-side refrigerant radiated from the cascade heat exchanger 35 passes through the heat source-side expansion valve 36 whose opening degree is adjusted, and then flows into the secondary-side receiver 45.
- the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47 the other part of the refrigerant flowing out from the secondary side receiver 45 is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the secondary side supercooling circuit 48, and then through the third closing valve 31. It is sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7.
- the refrigerant sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 is branched into three and passes through the third branch pipes 61a, 61b, 61c of the first to third branch units 6a, 6b, 6c, respectively. ..
- the refrigerant flowing through the second branch connection pipes 16a, 16b, 16c is sent to the second utilization pipes 56a, 56b, 56c of the first to third utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c, respectively.
- the refrigerant sent to the second utilization pipes 56a, 56b, 56c is sent to the utilization side expansion valves 51a, 51b, 51c of the utilization units 3a, 3b, 3c.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the utilization-side expansion valves 51a, 51b, 51c whose opening degree is adjusted is the indoor air and heat supplied by the indoor fans 53a, 53b, 53c in the utilization-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c. Make an exchange. As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c on the user side evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant. The indoor air is cooled and supplied to the room. As a result, the indoor space is cooled.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant evaporated in the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c flows through the first utilization pipes 57a, 57b, 57c, flows through the first branch connection pipes 15a, 15b, 15c, and then flows from the first to the first. It is sent to the merging pipes 62a, 62b, 62c of the three branch units 6a, 6b, 6c.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the merging pipes 62a, 62b, 62c branches into the first branch pipes 63a, 63b, 63c and the second branch pipes 64a, 64b, 64c and flows.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the first control valves 66a, 66b, 66c in the first branch pipes 63a, 63b, 63c is sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second control valves 67a, 67b, 67c in the second branch pipes 64a, 64b, 64c is sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 and the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 is the first closing valve 32, the second closing valve 33, the first heat source pipe 28, and the second heat source. It is returned to the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 through the pipe 29, the secondary side switching mechanism 22, the secondary side suction flow path 23, and the secondary side accumulator 30.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as a radiator of the refrigerant on the primary side by switching the primary side switching mechanism 72 to the sixth operating state.
- the sixth operating state of the primary side switching mechanism 72 is the connection state shown by the broken line in the primary side switching mechanism 72 of FIG.
- the refrigerant flowing through the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is condensed by exchanging heat with the secondary side refrigerant flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a.
- the refrigerant condensed on the primary side in the cascade heat exchanger 35 is the first connection pipe 115, the primary side second expansion valve 102 controlled to the fully open state, the second liquid closing valve 106, the primary side first connecting pipe 111, and the first.
- the flow flows in the order of the one-liquid closing valve 108 and the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103, and the pressure is reduced in the primary side first expansion valve 76.
- the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the refrigerant does not flow through the primary side supercooling circuit 104, so that heat exchange is also performed in the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103. I won't get it.
- the valve opening degree of the primary side first expansion valve 76 is controlled so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant sucked into the primary side compressor 71 becomes a predetermined value, for example.
- the refrigerant decompressed in the primary side first expansion valve 76 evaporates by exchanging heat with the outside air supplied from the primary side fan 75 in the primary side heat exchanger 74, and evaporates, and the primary side switching mechanism 72 and the primary side accumulator 105. Is sucked into the primary side compressor 71.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is switched to the second connection state and the third connection state.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- the second connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the first switching valve 22a is in the closed state and the third switching valve 22c is in the open state.
- the third connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the second switching valve 22b is in the open state and the fourth switching valve 22d is in the closed state. Further, the opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is adjusted.
- the first control valves 66a, 66b, 66c are controlled to be in the open state, and the second control valves 67a, 67b, 67c are controlled to be in the closed state.
- all of the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c of the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c function as refrigerant radiators.
- the utilization side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c of the utilization units 3a, 3b and 3c and the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are the discharge flow path 24, the first heat source pipe 28, and the secondary.
- the first branch pipe 63a, 63b, 63c It is connected via the side first connecting pipe 8, the first branch pipe 63a, 63b, 63c, the merging pipe 62a, 62b, 62c, the first branch connecting pipe 15a, 15b, 15c, and the first utilization pipe 57a, 57b, 57c. It is in a state of being. Further, the secondary supercooling expansion valve 48a and the bypass expansion valve 46a are controlled to be in the closed state. In the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c, the opening degrees of the utilization side expansion valves 51a, 51b, and 51c are adjusted.
- the high-pressure refrigerant compressed and discharged by the secondary side compressor 21 is a first heat source through the second switching valve 22b controlled to be in the open state by the secondary side switching mechanism 22. It is sent to the pipe 28.
- the refrigerant sent to the first heat source pipe 28 is sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 through the first closing valve 32.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 is branched into three, and the first branch pipes 63a, 63b, 63c of each utilization unit 3a, 3b, 3c which are the utilization units during operation are branched. Will be sent to.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the first branch pipes 63a, 63b, 63c passes through the first control valves 66a, 66b, 66c and flows through the merging pipes 62a, 62b, 62c. After that, the refrigerant flowing through the first branch connection pipes 15a, 15b, 15c and the first utilization pipes 57a, 57b, 57c is sent to the utilization side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 53a, 53b, 53c in the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c. ..
- the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c dissipates heat.
- the indoor air is heated and supplied into the room. This heats the interior space.
- the refrigerant dissipated in the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, 52c flows through the second utilization pipes 56a, 56b, 56c and passes through the utilization-side expansion valves 51a, 51b, 51c whose opening degree is adjusted.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second branch connecting pipes 16a, 16b, 16c flows through the third branch pipes 61a, 61b, 61c of the respective branch units 6a, 6b, 6c.
- the refrigerant sent to the third branch pipes 61a, 61b, 61c is sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 and merges.
- the refrigerant sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 is sent to the heat source side expansion valve 36 through the third closing valve 31.
- the refrigerant sent to the heat source side expansion valve 36 is sent to the cascade heat exchanger 35 after the flow rate is adjusted in the heat source side expansion valve 36.
- the refrigerant on the secondary side flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a evaporates to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant and is sent to the secondary side switching mechanism 22 to flow to the primary side of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the path 35b condenses.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant on the secondary side sent to the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is returned to the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 through the secondary side suction flow path 23 and the secondary side accumulator 30. ..
- Cooling-based operation for example, the utilization-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b function as refrigerant evaporators, and the utilization-side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c Operates to function as a refrigerant radiator.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as a radiator for the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 of the refrigeration cycle system 1 are configured as shown in FIG.
- the arrow attached to the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the arrow attached to the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 in FIG. 5 indicate the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling main operation.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is switched by switching the primary side switching mechanism 72 to the fifth connection state (the state shown by the solid line of the primary side switching mechanism 72 in FIG. 5). It is designed to function as an evaporator for the refrigerant on the primary side.
- the refrigerant on the primary side discharged from the primary side compressor 71 passes through the primary side switching mechanism 72 and is supplied from the primary side fan 75 in the primary side heat exchanger 74. Condenses by exchanging heat with.
- the condensed primary side refrigerant in the primary side heat exchanger 74 passes through the primary side first expansion valve 76 controlled to the fully open state, and a part of the refrigerant passes through the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 to the first liquid. It flows toward the shutoff valve 108, and some other refrigerant branches to the primary side supercooling circuit 104 and flows.
- the refrigerant flowing through the primary side supercooling circuit 104 is depressurized as it passes through the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the refrigerant flowing from the primary side first expansion valve 76 toward the first liquid closing valve 108 is decompressed by the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a in the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103 and flows through the primary side supercooling circuit 104. It exchanges heat with the refrigerant and is cooled until it becomes supercooled.
- the supercooled refrigerant flows in the order of the primary side first connecting pipe 111, the second liquid closing valve 106, and the first connecting pipe 115, and is depressurized in the primary side second expansion valve 102.
- the decompressed refrigerant in the primary side second expansion valve 102 evaporates by exchanging heat with the secondary side refrigerant flowing in the secondary side flow path 35a when flowing through the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. Then, it flows toward the second gas closing valve 107 through the second connecting pipe 113. The refrigerant that has passed through the second gas closing valve 107 reaches the primary side switching mechanism 72 after passing through the primary side second connecting pipe 112 and the first gas closing valve 109.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the primary side switching mechanism 72 merges with the refrigerant that has flowed through the primary side supercooling circuit 104 in the first suction flow path 125a, and then passes through the primary side accumulator 105 and the second suction flow path 125b to the primary side. It is sucked into the compressor 71.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is connected in the first connection state (the first switching valve 22a is in the open state and the third switching valve 22c is in the closed state) and in the third connection state (second switching valve 22b).
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as a radiator of the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- the opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is adjusted.
- the first control valve 66c and the second control valves 67a, 67b are controlled to be open, and the first control valves 66a, 66b, and the first 2 The control valve 67c is controlled to be closed.
- the utilization side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b function as the refrigerant evaporator
- the utilization side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c functions as the refrigerant radiator.
- the utilization side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b and the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are connected to each other via the secondary side second connecting pipe 9.
- the user-side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c and the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are connected to each other via the secondary side first connecting pipe 8.
- the degree of supercooling of the secondary side refrigerant flowing from the outlet of the secondary side supercooling heat exchanger 47 toward the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 becomes a predetermined value.
- the opening degree is controlled so as to be.
- the bypass expansion valve 46a is controlled to be closed.
- the opening degrees of the utilization side expansion valves 51a, 51b, and 51c are adjusted.
- a part of the secondary side high-pressure refrigerant compressed and discharged by the secondary side compressor 21 is the secondary side switching mechanism 22, the first heat source pipe 28, and the second. 1 It is sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 through the closing valve 32, and the rest is sent to the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35 through the secondary side switching mechanism 22 and the third heat source pipe 25. ..
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 is sent to the first branch pipe 63c.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the first branch pipe 63c is sent to the user side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c through the first control valve 66c and the merging pipe 62c.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchanger 52c exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fan 53c in the user-side heat exchanger 52c.
- the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger 52c on the user side dissipates heat.
- the indoor air is heated and supplied into the room, and the heating operation of the utilization unit 3c is performed.
- the refrigerant dissipated in the user-side heat exchanger 52c flows through the second utilization pipe 56c, and the flow rate is adjusted in the utilization-side expansion valve 51c.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second branch connecting pipe 16c is sent to the third branch pipe 61c of the branch unit 6c.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35 dissipates heat by exchanging heat with the primary side refrigerant flowing through the primary side flow path 35b in the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the secondary side refrigerant radiated in the cascade heat exchanger 35 flows into the secondary side receiver 45 after the flow rate is adjusted in the heat source side expansion valve 36.
- a part of the refrigerant flowing out from the secondary side receiver 45 branches into the secondary side supercooling circuit 48, is depressurized by the secondary side supercooling expansion valve 48a, and then joins the secondary side suction flow path 23. do.
- the other part of the refrigerant flowing out from the secondary side receiver 45 is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the secondary side supercooling circuit 48, and then through the third closing valve 31. It is sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 and merges with the radiated refrigerant in the user side heat exchanger 52c.
- the refrigerant merged in the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 is branched into two and sent to the third branch pipes 61a and 61b of the branch units 6a and 6b, respectively.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second branch connecting pipes 16a and 16b is sent to the second utilization pipes 56a and 56b of the first and second utilization units 3a and 3b, respectively.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second utilization pipes 56a and 56b passes through the utilization side expansion valves 51a and 51b of the utilization units 3a and 3b.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the utilization side expansion valves 51a and 51b whose opening degree is adjusted exchange heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 53a and 53b in the utilization side heat exchangers 52a and 52b.
- the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchangers 52a and 52b on the user side evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the indoor air is cooled and supplied to the room.
- the indoor space is cooled.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant evaporated in the user-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b is sent to the merging pipes 62a and 62b of the first and second branch units 6a and 6b.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the merging pipes 62a and 62b is sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 through the second control valves 67a and 67b and the second branch pipes 64a and 64b and merges.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 passes through the second closing valve 33, the second heat source pipe 29, the secondary side suction flow path 23, and the secondary side accumulator 30 to the secondary side. It is returned to the suction side of the compressor 21.
- the utilization-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b function as a refrigerant radiator, and the utilization-side heat exchanger 52c evaporates the refrigerant. Operate to function as a vessel.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as an evaporator of the refrigerant on the secondary side.
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 of the refrigeration cycle system 1 are configured as shown in FIG.
- the arrow attached to the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the arrow attached to the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 in FIG. 6 indicate the flow of the refrigerant during the heating main operation.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 is made to function as a radiator of the refrigerant on the primary side by switching the primary side switching mechanism 72 to the sixth operating state.
- the sixth operating state of the primary side switching mechanism 72 is the connection state shown by the broken line in the primary side switching mechanism 72 of FIG.
- the refrigerant flowing through the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is condensed by exchanging heat with the secondary side refrigerant flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a.
- the refrigerant condensed on the primary side in the cascade heat exchanger 35 is the first connection pipe 115, the primary side second expansion valve 102 controlled to the fully open state, the second liquid closing valve 106, the primary side first connecting pipe 111, and the first.
- the flow flows in the order of the one-liquid closing valve 108 and the primary side supercooling heat exchanger 103, and the pressure is reduced in the primary side first expansion valve 76.
- the valve opening degree of the primary side first expansion valve 76 is controlled so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant sucked into the primary side compressor 71 becomes a predetermined value, for example.
- the refrigerant decompressed in the primary side first expansion valve 76 evaporates by exchanging heat with the outside air supplied from the primary side fan 75 in the primary side heat exchanger 74, and evaporates, and the primary side switching mechanism 72 and the primary side accumulator 105. Is sucked into the primary side compressor 71.
- the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is switched to the second connection state and the third connection state.
- the second connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the first switching valve 22a is in the closed state and the third switching valve 22c is in the open state.
- the third connection state of the secondary side switching mechanism 22 is a connection state in which the second switching valve 22b is in the open state and the fourth switching valve 22d is in the closed state.
- the first control valve 66a, 66b and the second control valve 67c are controlled to be open, and the first control valve 66c and the second control valve 66c and the second control valve are controlled to be open.
- the valves 67a and 67b are controlled to be closed.
- the utilization side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b function as a refrigerant radiator, and the utilization side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c functions as a refrigerant evaporator.
- the utilization side heat exchanger 52c of the utilization unit 3c and the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are the first utilization pipe 57c, the first branch connection pipe 15c, the merging pipe 62c, and the second branch pipe. It will be in a state of being connected via 64c and the secondary side second connecting pipe 9. Further, the utilization side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of the utilization units 3a and 3b and the discharge side of the secondary side compressor 21 of the heat source unit 2 are connected to the discharge flow path 24, the first heat source pipe 28, and the secondary side first connection.
- the high pressure refrigerant on the secondary side compressed and discharged by the secondary side compressor 21 is passed through the secondary side switching mechanism 22, the first heat source pipe 28, and the first closing valve 32. , Is sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the secondary side first connecting pipe 8 is branched into two and connected to each of the first utilization unit 3a and the second utilization unit 3b, which are the utilization units in operation. It is sent to the first branch pipes 63a and 63b of the first branch unit 6a and the second branch unit 6b.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the first branch pipes 63a and 63b passes through the first control valves 66a and 66b, the merging pipes 62a and 62b, and the first branch connection pipes 15a and 15b, and the first utilization unit 3a and the second utilization unit. It is sent to the user side heat exchangers 52a and 52b of 3b.
- the high-pressure refrigerant sent to the user-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 53a and 53b in the user-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b.
- the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchangers 52a and 52b on the user side dissipates heat.
- the indoor air is heated and supplied into the room. This heats the interior space.
- the refrigerant dissipated in the user-side heat exchangers 52a and 52b flows through the second utilization pipes 56a and 56b and passes through the utilization-side expansion valves 51a and 51b whose opening degree is adjusted.
- the refrigerant flowing through the second branch connecting pipes 16a and 16b is sent to the secondary side third connecting pipe 7 via the third branch pipes 61a and 61b of the branch units 6a and 6b.
- the refrigerant sent to the third branch pipe 61c flows through the second utilization pipe 56c of the utilization unit 3c via the second branch connection pipe 16c and is sent to the utilization side expansion valve 51c.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the utilization side expansion valve 51c whose opening degree is adjusted exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fan 53c in the utilization side heat exchanger 52c.
- the refrigerant flowing through the user-side heat exchanger 52c evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the indoor air is cooled and supplied to the room.
- the indoor space is cooled.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant evaporated in the user-side heat exchanger 52c passes through the first utilization pipe 57c and the first branch connection pipe 15c, and is sent to the merging pipe 62c.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the merging pipe 62c is sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 through the second control valve 67c and the second branch pipe 64c.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the secondary side second connecting pipe 9 passes through the second closing valve 33, the second heat source pipe 29, the secondary side suction flow path 23, and the secondary side accumulator 30 to the secondary side. It is returned to the suction side of the compressor 21.
- the refrigerant sent to the heat source side expansion valve 36 passes through the heat source side expansion valve 36 whose opening degree is adjusted, and then passes through the primary side flow path 35b in the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It exchanges heat with the flowing primary refrigerant.
- the refrigerant flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35 evaporates to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant, which is sent to the secondary side switching mechanism 22.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the secondary side switching mechanism 22 merges with the low-pressure gas refrigerant evaporated in the utilization side heat exchanger 52c in the secondary side suction flow path 23.
- the combined refrigerant is returned to the suction side of the secondary side compressor 21 via the secondary side accumulator 30.
- FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of surplus refrigerant control.
- the surplus refrigerant control is a control for suppressing a decrease in heat exchange efficiency in the cascade heat exchanger 35 caused by the retention of the refrigerant on the primary side in the liquid state in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the surplus refrigerant control is performed by satisfying a predetermined start condition when the heating operation or the heating main operation is performed.
- FIG. 8 shows how the primary side refrigerant and the secondary side refrigerant flow in the refrigeration cycle system 1 during the control of excess refrigerant.
- step S1 the control unit 80 performs a heating operation in the refrigeration cycle system 1.
- the primary side control unit 70 in the control unit 80 controls each part of the primary side unit 5.
- the primary side control unit 70 rotates the primary side compressor 71 so that the condensation temperature of the refrigerant on the primary side condensing in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 becomes a predetermined condensation temperature target value.
- Control the number Specifically, the primary side control unit 70 sets the saturation temperature of the primary side refrigerant corresponding to the pressure of the primary side refrigerant detected by the primary side discharge pressure sensor 78 to a predetermined condensation temperature target value.
- the rotation speed of the primary side compressor 71 is controlled.
- the primary side control unit 70 controls the primary side second expansion valve 102 to the fully open state and controls the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a to the closed state. Further, the primary side control unit 70 controls the valve opening degree of the primary side first expansion valve 76 so that the degree of overheating of the primary side refrigerant sucked by the primary side compressor 71 becomes a predetermined value. Specifically, the primary side control unit 70 is on the primary side corresponding to the pressure of the primary side refrigerant detected by the primary side suction pressure sensor 79 from the temperature of the primary side refrigerant detected by the primary side suction temperature sensor 81. The primary side first expansion valve 76 is controlled so that the degree of superheat obtained by subtracting the saturation temperature of the refrigerant becomes a predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 in the control unit 80 controls each unit of the heat source unit 2, and the branch unit control units 60a, 60b, 60c in the control unit 80 control the branch units 6a, 6b. Each part of 6c is controlled, and the user-side control units 50a, 50b, and 50c in the control unit 80 control each part of the use units 3a, 3b, and 3c.
- the heat source side control unit 20 controls the rotation speed of the secondary side compressor 21 so that the rotation speed of the user side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c corresponds to the heat dissipation load.
- the heat source side control unit 20 controls the secondary side supercooling expansion valve 48a and the bypass expansion valve 46a in a closed state. Further, the heat source side control unit 20 controls the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 so that the degree of overheating of the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21 becomes a predetermined value. Specifically, the heat source side control unit 20 corresponds to the pressure of the secondary side refrigerant detected by the secondary side suction pressure sensor 37 from the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant detected by the secondary side suction temperature sensor 88. The heat source side expansion valve 36 is controlled so that the degree of superheat obtained by subtracting the saturation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant becomes a predetermined value.
- branch unit control units 60a, 60b, 60c control the first control valves 66a, 66b, 66c to the open state and the second control valves 67a, 67b, 67c to the closed state.
- the user-side control units 50a, 50b, 50c control the opening degree of the user-side expansion valves 51a, 51b, 51c.
- step S2 the control unit 80 determines whether or not the refrigeration cycle system 1 satisfies the predetermined start condition.
- the predetermined start condition is to determine whether or not the refrigerant on the primary side in the liquid state is retained in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. In the present embodiment, when the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the outlet of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it is determined that the predetermined start condition is satisfied.
- the heat source side control unit 20 in the control unit 80 is the primary side detected by the primary side first temperature sensor 121 from the condensation temperature of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It is determined whether or not the degree of supercooling obtained by subtracting the temperature of the refrigerant in the above is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 receives information on the detected pressure of the primary side discharge pressure sensor 78 from the primary side control unit 70, and thereby, the primary side refrigerant corresponding to the pressure of the information. The saturation temperature is grasped as the condensation temperature of the refrigerant on the primary side. Then, if it is determined that the predetermined start condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S3, and if it is determined that the predetermined start condition is not satisfied, step S2 is continued.
- step S3 the control unit 80 starts the excess refrigerant control.
- the primary side control unit 70 which receives the information transmitted from the heat source side control unit 20 to the effect that the predetermined start condition is satisfied, adjusts the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a. Control from the closed state to the fully open state.
- step S4 the control unit 80 determines whether or not the refrigeration cycle system 1 satisfies the predetermined termination condition.
- the predetermined termination condition is to determine whether or not the retention of the refrigerant on the primary side in the liquid state is improved in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the outlet of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is less than a predetermined value, it is determined that the predetermined termination condition is satisfied.
- the predetermined value under the predetermined end condition may be smaller than the predetermined value under the predetermined start condition.
- step S3 the determination of the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the outlet of the primary side flow path 35b is the same as in step S2. Then, if it is determined that the predetermined end condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S5, and if it is determined that the predetermined end condition is not satisfied, step S3 is continued.
- step S5 the control unit 80 ends the excess refrigerant control.
- the primary side control unit 70 in the control unit 80 controls the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a to be in a closed state.
- the refrigeration cycle system 1 returns to the operating state before the excess refrigerant control is performed.
- the refrigerant on the primary side and the refrigerant on the secondary side are exchanged for heat in a cascade heat exchanger composed of a plate heat exchanger or the like.
- a cascade heat exchanger composed of a plate heat exchanger or the like.
- the region where the primary side refrigerant can be phase-changed by heat exchange with the secondary side refrigerant becomes small, and the heat exchange efficiency is lowered. Then, the gas refrigerant on the primary side sent to the primary side flow path of the cascade heat exchanger is less likely to condense, and the high pressure in the primary side refrigerant circuit tends to rise. As a result, the primary compressor, which is controlled to keep the condensation pressure constant, is controlled so that the rotation speed decreases in order to suppress the increase in the high pressure.
- the circulation amount of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit decreases, but the circulation amount of the secondary side refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit does not change, so that the primary side flow path of the cascade heat exchanger
- the primary side refrigerant flowing through the water is further cooled by the secondary side refrigerant. Therefore, the ratio of the liquid state primary side refrigerant in the primary side flow path of the cascade heat exchanger is further increased.
- the circulation amount of the secondary side refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit is controlled according to the load in the user side heat exchanger of the secondary side refrigerant circuit.
- the circulation amount of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit decreases, it is difficult to adjust the circulation amount of the secondary side refrigerant due to the decrease in the circulation amount of the primary side refrigerant. It becomes difficult to eliminate the situation where the ratio of the primary side refrigerant in the liquid state is increasing in the primary side flow path of the cascade heat exchanger.
- the above situation is likely to occur. Further, if a receiver capable of storing excess refrigerant is not provided in the flow path of the liquid refrigerant of the primary side refrigerant circuit, it may be particularly difficult to solve the above situation.
- the predetermined start conditions are satisfied during the heating operation and the heating main operation in which the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 functions as a condenser of the primary side refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant on the primary side is retained in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the degree of supercooling of the liquid refrigerant on the primary side of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it is determined that retention has occurred.
- the region in which the liquid refrigerant is flowing in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a is connected to the suction side of the primary side compressor 71 via the primary side supercooling circuit 104. Therefore, the stagnant liquid refrigerant on the primary side flows toward the suction side of the primary compressor 71, and the stagnant liquid refrigerant on the primary side in the primary side flow path 35b can be eliminated. This improves the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant on the primary side and the refrigerant on the secondary side in the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the primary side supercooling circuit 104 is connected to the upstream side of the primary side accumulator 105 provided in the primary side suction flow path 125. Therefore, even when the surplus refrigerant is controlled, the liquid refrigerant on the primary side can be stored in the primary side accumulator 105, so that it is possible to avoid supplying the liquid refrigerant to the primary side compressor 71.
- the excess refrigerant control even when the liquid refrigerant stays in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is quickly eliminated by controlling the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a to the fully open state, the primary side is also controlled. The supply of the liquid refrigerant to the compressor 71 is suppressed.
- the global warming potential can be suppressed to a low level. Further, even if the refrigerant leaks on the user side, the fluorocarbon does not flow out on the user side because the refrigerant does not contain chlorofluorocarbons.
- Embodiment (12-1) Other Embodiment A
- the case where the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a is opened when the excess refrigerant is controlled has been described as an example.
- the primary side connection circuit 134 (corresponding to the bypass circuit) and the primary side connection expansion valve 134a (corresponding to the control valve) may be provided.
- the primary side connection circuit 134 is a circuit that connects the second liquid connection pipe 126b of the liquid connection pipe 126 and the first suction flow path 125a of the primary side suction flow path 125.
- the primary side connection expansion valve 134a is provided in the primary side connection circuit 134, and is an electric expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted in order to adjust the amount of the refrigerant on the primary side passing through the primary side connection circuit 134.
- the primary side connection expansion valve 134a is controlled to be opened, and the primary side refrigerant is allowed to flow through the primary side connection circuit 134, whereby the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the primary side receiver 145, the primary side bypass circuit 144 (corresponding to the bypass circuit), and the primary side bypass expansion valve 144a may be provided.
- the primary side receiver 145 is a refrigerant container provided in the second liquid connection pipe 126b of the liquid connection pipe 126, and can store the refrigerant on the primary side. From the primary side receiver 145, the pipe connecting the inside of the primary side receiver 145 and the primary side first expansion valve 76 in the second liquid connection pipe 126b, and the inside of the primary side receiver 145 and the first in the second liquid connection pipe 126b. The pipe connecting the one-liquid shutoff valve 108 and the primary side bypass circuit 144 extend out.
- the primary side bypass circuit 144 is a circuit that extends from the gas phase region inside the primary side receiver 145 and is connected to the first suction flow path 125a of the primary side suction flow path 125.
- the primary side bypass expansion valve 144a is provided in the primary side bypass circuit 144, and is an electric expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted in order to adjust the amount of the primary side refrigerant passing through the primary side bypass circuit 144.
- the primary side bypass expansion valve 144a is controlled to be opened, and the primary side refrigerant is allowed to flow through the primary side bypass circuit 144, whereby the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. Further, by providing the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a with the primary side receiver 145, it is possible to make it difficult for the liquid refrigerant to stay in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a of the above embodiment the primary side connection expansion valve 134a of the other embodiment A, and the primary side bypass expansion valve of the other embodiment B are described.
- the valve opening degree of 144a may be controlled to a predetermined opening degree instead of being fully opened.
- the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a, the primary side connection expansion valve 134a, and the primary side bypass expansion are performed so that the degree of superheat of the primary side refrigerant sucked by the primary side compressor 71 becomes a predetermined value.
- the valve opening degree of the valve 144a may be controlled.
- the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a, the primary side connection expansion valve 134a, and the primary side bypass expansion valve 144a is set to the outlet of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It may be controlled according to the degree of supercooling of the flowing primary side refrigerant. Specifically, here, the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a so that the valve opening becomes larger as the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant on the primary side flowing through the outlet of the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 increases. Or the primary side connection expansion valve 134a or the primary side bypass expansion valve 144a may be controlled.
- the rotation speed of the secondary side compressor 21 may be controlled.
- the rotation speed of the secondary side compressor 21 may be lower than the rotation speed when the predetermined start condition is satisfied. It is possible to suppress the heat exchange of the above and reduce the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant on the primary side of the primary side flow path 35b. This makes it possible to suppress the state in which the liquid refrigerant on the primary side stays in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the control of the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a rather than the control of lowering the rotation speed of the secondary side compressor 21. For example, after starting the control to increase the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a or the control to fully open the opening degree, the state where the predetermined start condition is satisfied continues even after a predetermined time elapses, or a predetermined state is determined. If the predetermined end condition is not satisfied even after the lapse of time, the control for lowering the rotation speed of the secondary compressor 21 may be started.
- condition for terminating the surplus refrigerant control is not limited to this, and for example, the surplus refrigerant control may be terminated when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the surplus refrigerant control. ..
- the predetermined start condition for starting the excess refrigerant control is not limited to this, and may be other conditions shown below.
- the predetermined start condition is that the value obtained by subtracting the low pressure of the secondary refrigerant in the secondary refrigerant circuit 10 from the high pressure of the primary refrigerant in the primary refrigerant circuit 5a is equal to or higher than the predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 that has received the information of the detected pressure of the primary side discharge pressure sensor 78 from the primary side control unit 70 grasps the pressure of the information as the high pressure of the refrigerant on the primary side. May be good.
- the predetermined start condition may be determined by determining whether or not.
- the predetermined start condition is, for example, a value obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 from the condensation temperature of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a is a predetermined value or more. It may be that.
- the heat source side control unit 20 that receives the information of the detected pressure of the primary side discharge pressure sensor 78 from the primary side control unit 70 sets the saturation temperature of the primary side refrigerant corresponding to the pressure of the information. It may be grasped as the condensation temperature of the refrigerant on the primary side.
- the heat source side control unit 20 may grasp the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of the secondary side refrigerant detected by the secondary side suction pressure sensor 37 as the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant. Then, the heat source side control unit 20 determines whether or not the value obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant from the condensation temperature of the primary side refrigerant is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, thereby determining the predetermined start condition. May be judged. If the temperature and pressure characteristics of the refrigerant differ between the primary side refrigerant and the secondary side refrigerant, the predetermined start condition is determined by the difference between the high pressure of the primary side refrigerant and the low pressure of the secondary side refrigerant.
- the predetermined start condition it is preferable to judge the predetermined start condition by the difference between the refrigerant temperature on the primary side corresponding to the high pressure of the refrigerant on the primary side and the refrigerant temperature on the secondary side corresponding to the low pressure of the refrigerant on the secondary side. .. This is because it is easier to more accurately grasp that the liquid refrigerant on the primary side is retained in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35. Further, in the cascade heat exchanger 35 composed of a plate heat exchanger or the like, a temperature sensor for detecting the refrigerant temperature at the intermediate position of the primary side flow path 35b and the refrigerant temperature at the intermediate position of the secondary side flow path 35a is provided.
- the heat source side control unit 20 determines the degree of overheating of the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21.
- the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is controlled so as to be a value.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 when the liquid refrigerant on the primary side of the primary side flow path 35b is retained, the refrigerant on the secondary side flowing through the secondary side flow path 35a can be sufficiently evaporated. It becomes difficult and the degree of superheat of the refrigerant on the secondary side tends to decrease.
- the heat source side control unit 20 controls to narrow the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 in order to suppress a decrease in the degree of superheat of the secondary side refrigerant, so that the low pressure of the secondary side refrigerant is reduced. Decreases, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant on the secondary side decreases. Therefore, when the value obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant from the condensation temperature of the primary side refrigerant increases, the retention of the primary side liquid refrigerant in the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 increases. It can be inferred that it is occurring.
- the predetermined start condition is obtained, for example, by subtracting the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing into the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35 from the condensation temperature of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a.
- the value may be greater than or equal to a predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 that receives the information of the detected pressure of the primary side discharge pressure sensor 78 from the primary side control unit 70 sets the saturation temperature of the primary side refrigerant corresponding to the pressure of the information. It may be grasped as the condensation temperature of the refrigerant on the primary side.
- the predetermined start condition may be determined by determining whether or not.
- the decrease in the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing into the secondary side flow path 35a occurs in response to the decrease in the low pressure of the secondary side refrigerant and the decrease in the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant. be.
- the predetermined start condition for starting the excess refrigerant control is not limited to this, and the heat source side control unit 20 determines only from the sensor provided in the heat source unit 2, for example, as in the other conditions shown below. You may try to do it. That is, the heat source side control unit 20 may be able to determine a predetermined start condition without obtaining information from the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5.
- the predetermined start conditions are the temperature of the primary side refrigerant flowing out from the primary side flow path 35b of the cascade heat exchanger 35 and the secondary side refrigerant flowing into the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the difference between the temperature and the temperature may be less than or equal to a predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 has a value obtained by subtracting the temperature detected by the secondary side first temperature sensor 83 from the temperature detected by the primary side first temperature sensor 121 to be a predetermined value or less.
- a predetermined start condition may be determined by determining whether or not.
- the cascade heat exchanger 35 when the temperature difference between the primary side refrigerant flowing out from the primary side flow path 35b and the secondary side refrigerant flowing into the secondary side flow path 35a is small, if the temperature difference is small. It can be inferred that the refrigerant on the primary side of the primary side flow path 35b is in a state of being stagnant in the cascade heat exchanger 35 in a state of being overcooled.
- the predetermined start condition may be, for example, that the degree of superheat of the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21 is not more than a predetermined value.
- the heat source side control unit 20 can grasp the saturation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant corresponding to the secondary side refrigerant pressure detected by the secondary side suction pressure sensor 37. Then, the heat source side control unit 20 determines whether or not the value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant detected by the secondary side suction temperature sensor 88 from the saturation temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. , A predetermined start condition may be determined.
- the secondary side refrigerant is used on the primary side in the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35. It can be presumed that the liquid refrigerant on the primary side is stagnant in the primary side flow path 35b because it has not been sufficiently heated by the refrigerant of the above.
- the predetermined start condition may be, for example, that the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is smaller than the predetermined opening degree.
- the heat source side control unit 20 may determine the predetermined start condition by determining whether or not the control opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is smaller than the predetermined opening degree.
- the heat source side expansion valve 36 has a predetermined degree of overheating of the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21. It is controlled to be a value.
- the secondary side refrigerant is not sufficiently heat exchanged with the primary side refrigerant, and the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21 is sucked.
- the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is controlled to be small.
- the valve opening degree of the heat source side expansion valve 36 is controlled to be small, it can be inferred that the liquid refrigerant on the primary side is stagnant in the primary side flow path 35b.
- the heat source side control unit 20 can determine the predetermined start condition using only the detection value of the sensor included in the heat source unit 2. Therefore, the heat source side control unit 20 can determine a predetermined start condition without relying on the information of the sensor included in the primary side unit 5.
- the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5 is designed not to transmit the detection value of the sensor provided in the primary side unit 5 to the heat source side control unit 20 of the heat source unit 2, or the heat source of the heat source unit 2. Even when the side control unit 20 is designed so as not to receive the information of the sensor detection value of the primary side unit 5 from the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5, the heat source side control unit 20 has a predetermined start condition. It becomes possible to judge whether or not the condition is satisfied.
- the predetermined start condition described above is prioritized from the viewpoint of the accuracy of the determination, but the predetermined start condition may be listed below.
- the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is equal to or less than a predetermined value
- the evaporation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant flowing into the secondary side flow path 35a of the cascade heat exchanger 35 is not more than a predetermined value, and the pressure of the high pressure refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is not more than a predetermined value. That is, the condensation temperature of the secondary side refrigerant in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is not more than a predetermined value, and the temperature of the secondary side refrigerant sucked by the secondary side compressor 21 is not more than a predetermined value.
- the predetermined start condition may be determined by either that the temperature of the air that has passed through the user-side heat exchangers 52a, 52b, and 52c is a predetermined value or less.
- the primary side control unit 70 which has received the information transmitted from the heat source side control unit 20 to the effect that the predetermined start condition is satisfied, controls the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a. The case of doing this was explained as an example.
- the heat source side control unit 20 that determines that the predetermined start condition may be satisfied may directly control the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the direct control means that the heat source side control unit 20 controls the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a via the primary side control unit 70.
- the heat source side control unit 20 sends a control instruction to control the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a to the primary side control unit 70, and the primary side control unit 70 sends a control instruction to control the valve opening degree, and the primary side control unit 70 is based on the received control instruction.
- a control instruction for the valve opening degree is sent to the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a may be controlled by the primary side control unit 70 except when the surplus refrigerant is controlled, and may be controlled by the heat source side control unit 20 when the surplus refrigerant is controlled.
- the refrigerating cycle system 1 may have a system configuration in which the primary side control unit 70 cannot receive the information transmitted by the heat source side control unit 20 that the predetermined start condition is satisfied, and the heat source side may be used.
- the system configuration may be such that the control unit 20 cannot directly control the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the heat source side control unit 20 that has grasped that the predetermined start condition is satisfied gives an indirect instruction to the primary side control unit 70, so that the heat source side control unit 20 is instructed.
- 20 can be a system configuration capable of indirectly controlling the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a.
- the heat source side control unit 20 can transmit a control command for the condensation temperature target value of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a to the primary side control unit 70.
- the primary side control unit 70 can receive the control command of the condensation temperature target value transmitted by the heat source side control unit 20. Then, the primary side control unit 70 controls to increase or fully open the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a when the high pressure pressure of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a becomes a predetermined value or more. May be configured to do.
- the heat source side control unit 20 which has grasped that the predetermined start condition is satisfied raises the condensation temperature target value of the primary side refrigerant in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a with respect to the primary side control unit 70.
- the primary side control unit 70 increases the rotation speed of the primary side compressor 71 so that the increased condensation temperature target value is realized.
- the efficiency of heat exchange between the primary side refrigerant and the secondary side refrigerant is low, so that the primary side high pressure refrigerant is cascaded.
- the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a Even if the heat exchanger 35 is supplied to the primary side flow path 35b, the primary side refrigerant cannot be efficiently condensed. Therefore, in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a, the high pressure of the primary side refrigerant increases. When the high-pressure pressure of the primary-side refrigerant in the primary-side refrigerant circuit 5a rises above a predetermined value in this way, the primary-side control unit 70 increases the valve opening degree of the primary-side supercooling expansion valve 104a. Control to fully open is started. This makes it possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant on the primary side and the refrigerant on the secondary side in the cascade heat exchanger 35.
- the primary side unit 5 is not specially designed for the refrigeration cycle system 1, and the utilization unit having the utilization side heat exchanger and the heat source unit having the heat source side heat exchanger and the compressor are included.
- the primary side control unit 70 receives the information transmitted by the heat source side control unit 20 that the predetermined start condition is satisfied. In some cases, the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a cannot be directly controlled by the heat source side control unit 20.
- a system configuration in which the rotation speed of the compressor of the heat source unit is controlled according to the load of the heat exchanger on the user side of the utilization unit. May be.
- the control instruction of the control target value such as the condensation temperature target value is transmitted from the utilization unit to the heat source unit.
- the primary side control unit 70 of the primary side unit 5 gives a control instruction of a control target value such as a condensation temperature target value. Is possible to receive.
- the primary side unit 5 cannot receive the information from the heat source side control unit 20 that the predetermined start condition is satisfied, and the heat source side control unit 20 directly adjusts the valve opening degree of the primary side supercooling expansion valve 104a. It is possible to realize control of excess refrigerant while using a diversion machine of the heat source unit in a freezing device that performs a unified refrigeration cycle that cannot be controlled.
- the amount of the refrigerant on the primary side prefilled in the heat source unit tends to be large, and the cascade heat exchanger 35 tends to have a large amount of refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant on the primary side tends to stay in the primary side flow path 35b.
- R32 is exemplified as the refrigerant used in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a
- carbon dioxide is exemplified as the refrigerant used in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10.
- the refrigerant used in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a is not particularly limited, and is HFC-32, an HFO-based refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant of HFC-32 and an HFO-based refrigerant, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and propane. Etc. can be used.
- the refrigerant used in the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is not particularly limited, and HFC-32, HFO-based refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant of HFC-32 and HFO-based refrigerant, carbon dioxide, ammonia, propane and the like can be used. Can be used.
- HFO-based refrigerant for example, HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze, or the like can be used.
- the same refrigerant may be used or different refrigerants may be used in the primary side refrigerant circuit 5a and the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10.
- Embodiment K In the above embodiment, as the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10, a three-tube type cooling / heating simultaneous operation having a secondary side first connecting pipe 8, a secondary side second connecting pipe 9, and a secondary side third connecting pipe 7 is possible. An example is given of a refrigerant circuit.
- the secondary side refrigerant circuit 10 is not limited to the refrigerant circuit capable of simultaneous cooling and heating operation, and the heat source unit 2 and the utilization units 3a, 3b, and 3c are connected via two connecting pipes. It may be a circuit that has been used.
- Refrigeration cycle system 2 Heat source unit 3a: First utilization unit 3b: Second utilization unit 3c: Third utilization unit 4: Secondary side unit 5: Primary side unit 5a: Primary side refrigerant circuit (first circuit) 7: Secondary side third connecting pipe 8: Secondary side first connecting pipe 9: Secondary side second connecting pipe 10: Secondary side refrigerant circuit (second circuit) 11: Heat source side expansion mechanism 12: Heat source circuit 13a-c: Utilization circuit 20: Heat source side control unit (second control unit) 21: Secondary compressor (second compressor) 21a: Accumulator motor 22: Secondary side switching mechanism 23: Secondary side suction flow path 24: Discharge flow path 25: Third heat source piping 26: Fourth heat source piping 27: Fifth heat source piping 28: First heat source piping 29 : Second heat source piping 30: Secondary side accumulator 34: Oil separator 35: Cascade heat exchanger 35a: Secondary side flow path 35b: Primary side flow path 36: Heat source side expansion valve (second expansion valve) 37: Secondary side suction pressure sensor 38: Secondary side discharge pressure sensor 39:
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Abstract
Description
図1は、冷凍サイクルシステム1の概略構成図である。図2は、冷凍サイクルシステム1の概略機能ブロック構成図である。
一次側冷媒回路5aは、一次側圧縮機71(第1圧縮機に相当)と、一次側切換機構72と、一次側熱交換器74(第1熱交換器に相当)と、液接続配管126(第1流路の一部に相当)と、一次側第1膨張弁76と、一次側過冷却熱交換器103と、一次側過冷却回路104(バイパス回路に相当)と、一次側過冷却膨張弁104a(制御弁に相当)と、第1液閉鎖弁108と、一次側第1連絡管111(第1流路の一部に相当)と、第2液閉鎖弁106と、第1接続配管115(第1流路の一部に相当)と、一次側第2膨張弁102と、二次側冷媒回路10と共有しているカスケード熱交換器35と、第2接続配管113と、第2ガス閉鎖弁107と、一次側第2連絡管112と、第1ガス閉鎖弁109と、一次側吸入流路125(吸入流路に相当)と、一次側アキュムレータ105(アキュムレータに相当)と、を有している。
二次側冷媒回路10は、複数の利用ユニット3a、3b、3cと、複数の分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cと、熱源ユニット2と、が互いに接続されて構成されている。各利用ユニット3a、3b、3cは、対応する分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cと、1対1に接続されている。具体的には、利用ユニット3aと分岐ユニット6aとは第1分岐接続管15aおよび第2分岐接続管16aを介して接続され、利用ユニット3bと分岐ユニット6bとは第1分岐接続管15bおよび第2分岐接続管16bを介して接続され、利用ユニット3cと分岐ユニット6cとは第1分岐接続管15cおよび第2分岐接続管16cを介して接続されている。また、各分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cは、熱源ユニット2と、3つの連絡管である二次側第3連絡管7と二次側第1連絡管8と二次側第2連絡管9とを介して接続されている。具体的には、熱源ユニット2から延び出した二次側第3連絡管7と二次側第1連絡管8と二次側第2連絡管9とは、それぞれ複数に分岐して、各分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cに接続されている。
一次側ユニット5は、利用ユニット3a、3b、3cや分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cが配置された空間とは異なる空間や屋上等に設置されている。
熱源ユニット2は、利用ユニット3a、3b、3cや分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cが配置された空間とは異なる空間や屋上等に設置されている。
利用ユニット3a、3b、3cは、ビル等の室内の天井に埋め込みや吊り下げ等、または、室内の壁面に壁掛け等により設置されている。
分岐ユニット6a、6b、6cは、ビル等の室内の天井裏の空間等に設置されている。
冷凍サイクルシステム1では、上述の熱源側制御部20、利用側制御部50a、50b、50c、分岐ユニット制御部60a、60b、60c、一次側制御部70が、有線または無線を介して相互に通信可能に接続されることで、制御部80を構成している。したがって、この制御部80は、各種センサ37、38、39、83、84、85、86、87、88、77、78、79、81、82、58a、58b、58c、59a、59b、59c、121、122等の検出情報および図示しないリモコン等から受け付けた指示情報等に基づいて、各部21(21a)、22、36、44、46a、48a、51a、51b、51c、53a、53b、53c(54a、54b、54c)、66a、66b、66c、67a、67b、67c、71(71a)、72、75(75a)、76、102、104aの動作を制御する。
次に、冷凍サイクルシステム1の動作について、図3~図6を用いて説明する。
冷房運転では、例えば、利用ユニット3a、3b、3cの利用側熱交換器52a、52b、52cの全てが冷媒の蒸発器として機能する運転を行い、カスケード熱交換器35が二次側の冷媒の放熱器として機能する運転を行う。この冷房運転では、冷凍サイクルシステム1の一次側冷媒回路5aおよび二次側冷媒回路10は、図3に示すように構成される。なお、図3の一次側冷媒回路5aに付された矢印および二次側冷媒回路10に付された矢印は、冷房運転時の冷媒の流れを示している。
暖房運転では、例えば、利用ユニット3a、3b、3cの利用側熱交換器52a、52b、52cの全てが冷媒の放熱器として機能する運転を行う。また、暖房運転では、カスケード熱交換器35が二次側の冷媒の蒸発器として機能する運転を行う。暖房運転では、冷凍サイクルシステム1の一次側冷媒回路5aおよび二次側冷媒回路10は、図4に示すように構成される。図4の一次側冷媒回路5aに付された矢印および二次側冷媒回路10に付された矢印は、暖房運転時の冷媒の流れを示している。
冷房主体運転では、例えば、利用ユニット3a、3bの利用側熱交換器52a、52bが冷媒の蒸発器として機能し、かつ、利用ユニット3cの利用側熱交換器52cが冷媒の放熱器として機能する運転を行う。冷房主体運転では、カスケード熱交換器35は、二次側の冷媒の放熱器として機能する。冷房主体運転では、冷凍サイクルシステム1の一次側冷媒回路5aおよび二次側冷媒回路10は、図5に示されるように構成される。図5の一次側冷媒回路5aに付された矢印および二次側冷媒回路10に付された矢印は、冷房主体運転時の冷媒の流れを示している。
暖房主体運転では、例えば、利用ユニット3a、3bの利用側熱交換器52a、52bが冷媒の放熱器として機能し、かつ、利用側熱交換器52cが冷媒の蒸発器として機能する運転を行う。暖房主体運転では、カスケード熱交換器35は、二次側の冷媒の蒸発器として機能する。暖房主体運転では、冷凍サイクルシステム1の一次側冷媒回路5aおよび二次側冷媒回路10は、図6に示すように構成される。図6の一次側冷媒回路5aに付された矢印および二次側冷媒回路10に付された矢印は、暖房主体運転時の冷媒の流れを示している。
図7に、余剰冷媒制御のフローチャートを示す。
二元冷凍サイクルを行う冷凍サイクルシステムでは、一次側の冷媒と二次側の冷媒とをプレート熱交換器等で構成されたカスケード熱交換器において熱交換させる。ここで、例えば、利用側の負荷変動等によりカスケード熱交換器に流入する二次側の冷媒の温度が低下し、カスケード熱交換器において一次側の冷媒の過冷却度が増大すると、カスケード熱交換器における一次側流路の全体に占める液冷媒の領域が増大してしまう。このため、カスケード熱交換器において、二次側の冷媒との熱交換により一次側の冷媒を相変化させることが可能な領域が小さくなり、熱交換効率が低下する。そうすると、カスケード熱交換器の一次側流路に送られた一次側のガス冷媒が凝縮しにくくなり、一次側冷媒回路における高圧が上昇しがちになる。これにより、凝縮圧力を一定に維持する制御を行っている一次側圧縮機は、高圧の上昇を抑制させるために回転数が低下するように制御される。ここで、一次側冷媒回路における一次側の冷媒の循環量は低下してしまうが、二次側冷媒回路における二次側の冷媒の循環量は変わらないため、カスケード熱交換器の一次側流路を流れる一次側の冷媒は、二次側の冷媒によりさらに冷却される。したがって、カスケード熱交換器の一次側流路において液状態の一次側冷媒が占める割合がさらに増大してしまう状態になる。
(12-1)他の実施形態A
上記実施形態では、余剰冷媒制御を行う際に一次側過冷却膨張弁104aを開ける場合を例として挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、余剰冷媒制御を行う際に一次側過冷却膨張弁104aを開ける場合を例として挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、余剰冷媒制御時に、一次側過冷却膨張弁104aの弁開度を全開とする場合を例として挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、余剰冷媒制御により一次側過冷却膨張弁104aの弁開度を全開状態に制御する場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、カスケード熱交換器35の一次側流路35bの出口を流れる一次側の冷媒の過冷却度が所定値未満になっている場合に余剰冷媒制御を終了させる場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、カスケード熱交換器35の一次側流路35bの出口を流れる一次側の冷媒の過冷却度が所定値以上になっている場合に余剰冷媒制御を開始させる場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、カスケード熱交換器35の一次側流路35bの出口を流れる一次側の冷媒の過冷却度が所定値以上になっている場合に余剰冷媒制御を開始させる場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態の余剰冷媒制御では、熱源側制御部20から送信される所定開始条件を満たした旨の情報を受け取った一次側制御部70が、一次側過冷却膨張弁104aの弁開度を制御する場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、熱源側制御部20から送信される所定開始条件を満たした旨の情報を受け取った一次側制御部70が、一次側過冷却膨張弁104aの弁開度を制御する場合を例に挙げて説明した。
上記実施形態では、一次側冷媒回路5aにおいて用いられる冷媒としてR32を例示し、二次側冷媒回路10において用いられる冷媒として二酸化炭素を例示した。
上記実施形態では、二次側冷媒回路10として、二次側第1連絡管8と二次側第2連絡管9と二次側第3連絡管7を有する三管式の冷暖同時運転可能な冷媒回路を例に挙げて例示した。
以上、本開示の実施形態を説明したが、特許請求の範囲に記載された本開示の趣旨及び範囲から逸脱することなく、形態や詳細の多様な変更が可能なことが理解されるであろう。
2 :熱源ユニット
3a :第1利用ユニット
3b :第2利用ユニット
3c :第3利用ユニット
4 :二次側ユニット
5 :一次側ユニット
5a :一次側冷媒回路(第1回路)
7 :二次側第3連絡管
8 :二次側第1連絡管
9 :二次側第2連絡管
10 :二次側冷媒回路(第2回路)
11 :熱源側膨張機構
12 :熱源回路
13a-c:利用回路
20 :熱源側制御部(第2制御部)
21 :二次側圧縮機(第2圧縮機)
21a :圧縮機モータ
22 :二次側切換機構
23 :二次側吸入流路
24 :吐出流路
25 :第3熱源配管
26 :第4熱源配管
27 :第5熱源配管
28 :第1熱源配管
29 :第2熱源配管
30 :二次側アキュムレータ
34 :油分離器
35 :カスケード熱交換器
35a :二次側流路
35b :一次側流路
36 :熱源側膨張弁(第2膨張弁)
37 :二次側吸入圧力センサ
38 :二次側吐出圧力センサ
39 :二次側吐出温度センサ
40 :油戻し回路
41 :油戻し流路
42 :油戻しキャピラリーチューブ
44 :油戻し開閉弁
45 :二次側レシーバ
46 :バイパス回路
46a :バイパス膨張弁
47 :二次側過冷却熱交換器
48 :二次側過冷却回路
48a :二次側過冷却膨張弁
50a-c:利用側制御部
51a-c:利用側膨張弁
52a-c:利用側熱交換器(第2熱交換器)
53a-c:室内ファン
56a、56b、56c:第2利用配管
57a、57b、57c:第1利用配管
58a、58b、58c:液側温度センサ
59a、59b、59c:室内吹出温度センサ
60a、60b、60c:分岐ユニット制御部
61a、61b、61c:第3分岐配管
62a、62b、62c:合流配管
63a、63b、63c:第1分岐配管
64a、64b、64c:第2分岐配管
66a、66b、66c:第1調節弁
67a、67b、67c:第2調節弁
70 :一次側制御部(第1制御部)
71 :一次側圧縮機(第1圧縮機)
72 :一次側切換機構
74 :一次側熱交換器(第1熱交換器)
76 :一次側第1膨張弁
77 :外気温度センサ
78 :一次側吐出圧力センサ
79 :一次側吸入圧力センサ
81 :一次側吸入温度センサ
82 :一次側熱交温度センサ
83 :二次側第1温度センサ
84 :レシーバ出口温度センサ
85 :バイパス回路温度センサ
86 :過冷却出口温度センサ
87 :過冷却回路温度センサ
88 :二次側吸入温度センサ
80 :制御部
102 :一次側第2膨張弁
103 :一次側過冷却熱交換器
104 :一次側過冷却回路(バイパス回路)
104a :一次側過冷却膨張弁(制御弁)
105 :一次側アキュムレータ(アキュムレータ)
111 :一次側第1連絡管(第1流路)
112 :一次側第2連絡管
113 :第2接続配管
115 :第1接続配管(第1流路)
121 :一次側第1温度センサ
122 :一次側第2温度センサ
125 :一次側吸入流路(吸入流路)
125a :第1吸入流路(第1吸入配管)
125b :第2吸入流路(第2吸入配管)
126 :液接続配管(第1流路)
134 :一次側接続回路(バイパス回路)
134a :一次側接続膨張弁(制御弁)
144 :一次側バイパス回路(バイパス回路)
144a :一次側バイパス膨張弁(制御弁)
Claims (9)
- 第1冷媒が循環する回路であって、第1圧縮機(71)と、カスケード熱交換器(35)と、第1熱交換器(74)と、を有する第1回路(5a)と、
第2冷媒が循環する回路であって、第2圧縮機(21)と、前記カスケード熱交換器(35)と、第2熱交換器(52a、52b、52c)と、を有する第2回路(10)と、
を備え、
前記第1回路は、前記カスケード熱交換器と前記第1熱交換器を接続する第1流路(115、111、126)と、前記第1圧縮機の吸入流路(125)と、前記第1流路と前記吸入流路を接続するバイパス回路(104、134、144)と、前記バイパス回路に設けられる制御弁(104a、134a、144a)と、を有しており、
前記カスケード熱交換器が前記第1冷媒の放熱器として機能し前記第2冷媒の蒸発器として機能している際に、前記カスケード熱交換器の出口における前記第1冷媒の過冷却度に関する指標が所定の第1条件を満たした場合に、前記制御弁を開く、
冷凍サイクルシステム(1)。 - 前記第1回路における前記第1冷媒の凝縮温度から、前記カスケード熱交換器を流出した前記第1冷媒の温度を差し引いて得られる値が所定値以上であること、
前記第1回路における高圧冷媒の圧力から前記第2回路における低圧冷媒の圧力を差し引いて得られる値が所定値以上であること、
前記第1回路における前記第1冷媒の凝縮温度から前記第2回路における前記第2冷媒の蒸発温度を差し引いて得られる値が所定値以上であること、
前記第1回路における前記第1冷媒の凝縮温度から前記カスケード熱交換器に流入する前記第2冷媒の温度を差し引いて得られる値が所定値以上であること、
の少なくともいずれかを満たした場合に、前記第1条件が満たされる、
請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1冷媒の温度圧力特性は、前記第2冷媒の温度圧力特性とは異なっており、
前記第1条件は、前記カスケード熱交換器における前記第1冷媒の圧力から把握される前記第1冷媒の温度と、前記カスケード熱交換器における前記第2冷媒の圧力から把握される前記第2冷媒の温度と、の温度差に基づいて判断される、
請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記カスケード熱交換器から流出する前記第1冷媒の温度と、前記カスケード熱交換器に流入する前記第2冷媒の温度と、の差が所定値以下であること、
前記第2圧縮機が吸入する前記第2冷媒の過熱度が所定値以下であること、
前記第2回路が前記第2熱交換器と前記カスケード熱交換器との間に第2膨張弁(36)を有しており、前記第2膨張弁は前記第2圧縮機に吸入される前記第2冷媒の過熱度に応じて弁開度が変化するものであり、前記第2膨張弁の開度が所定開度よりも小さいこと、
の少なくともいずれかを満たした場合に、前記第1条件が満たされる、
請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1回路は、アキュムレータ(105)をさらに有しており、
前記吸入流路は、第1吸入配管(125a)と第2吸入配管(125b)を含んでおり、
前記第1吸入配管と、前記アキュムレータと、前記第2吸入配管と、前記第1圧縮機とは、この順に接続されており、
前記バイパス回路は、前記第1吸入配管に接続されている、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1条件を満たした場合に、前記制御弁を全開にする、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1条件を満たした場合に、前記第2圧縮機の回転数を低下させる、
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1回路の制御を行う第1制御部(70)と、
前記第2回路の制御を行う第2制御部(20)と、
をさらに備えた、
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。 - 前記第1条件を満たしている場合には、前記第2制御部が前記制御弁の制御指示を出し、
前記第1条件を満たしていない場合には、前記第1制御部が前記制御弁に制御指示を出す、
請求項8に記載の冷凍サイクルシステム。
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- 2021-11-30 CN CN202180081053.9A patent/CN116529542B/zh active Active
- 2021-11-30 EP EP21900597.2A patent/EP4257892A4/en active Pending
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2023
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4596998A4 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2026-01-21 | Daikin Ind Ltd | REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE |
| JP7626953B1 (ja) | 2023-09-28 | 2025-02-05 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
| WO2025069571A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-28 | 2025-04-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116529542A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
| JP7481658B2 (ja) | 2024-05-13 |
| EP4257892A4 (en) | 2024-08-07 |
| CN116529542B (zh) | 2025-11-25 |
| JPWO2022118844A1 (ja) | 2022-06-09 |
| US12516851B2 (en) | 2026-01-06 |
| US20230324086A1 (en) | 2023-10-12 |
| EP4257892A1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
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