WO2022160119A1 - Optical system, photographing module, and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical system (10), comprising sequentially along an optical axis (101) from an object side to a lens side: a first lens (L1) having a positive focal power; a second lens (L2) having a negative focal power, the object-side surface (S3) thereof being a convex surface in proximity to the optical axis; a third lens (L3) having a negative focal power, the image-side surface (S6) thereof being a concave surface in proximity to optical axis; a fourth lens (L4) having positive focal power, the object-side surface (S7) thereof being a convex surface in proximity to the optical axis. The optical system (10) satisfies: 0.5 < SD42/ImgH < 0.85; ImgH > 4.0 mm; SD42 is the maximum effective radius of the image-side surface (S8) of the fourth lens (L4), and ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum field-of-view angle of the optical system (10).

Description

Optical systems, camera modules and electronic equipment technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photography and imaging, in particular to an optical system, a camera module and an electronic device.

Background technique

In the field of photographic imaging, the aberration of the system is generally corrected by adjusting the matching relationship between the lens parameters in the camera lens, or the imaging clarity of the camera module is improved by increasing the pixels of the image sensor. However, in order to effectively improve the imaging quality of the camera module, it is necessary to coordinate the configuration between the camera lens and the image sensor, so that the performance of the two can be fully reflected, thereby improving the imaging quality. How to better match the camera lens and the image sensor to improve the image quality is also one of the focuses of the current industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to various embodiments of the present application, an optical system, a camera module, and an electronic device are provided.

An optical system, comprising in sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis:

a first lens having a positive refractive power;

a second lens with negative refractive power, the object side of the second lens is convex at the near optical axis;

a third lens with negative refractive power, the image side of the third lens is concave at the near optical axis;

a fourth lens with positive refractive power, the object side of the fourth lens is convex at the near optical axis;

The optical system satisfies the relation:

0.5＜SD42/ImgH＜0.85;

ImgH>4.0mm;

SD42 is the maximum effective radius of the image side surface of the fourth lens, and ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the optical system.

A camera module includes an image sensor and any one of the optical systems described above, wherein the image sensor is arranged on a light-emitting side of the optical system.

An electronic device includes a fixing member and the above-mentioned camera module, wherein the camera module is arranged on the fixing member.

The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description, drawings and claims.

Description of drawings

In order to better describe and illustrate embodiments and/or examples of those inventions disclosed herein, reference may be made to one or more of the accompanying drawings. The additional details or examples used to describe the drawings should not be construed as limiting the scope of any of the disclosed inventions, the presently described embodiments and/or examples, and the best mode presently understood of these inventions.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a first embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the first embodiment;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the second embodiment;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a third embodiment of the present application;

6 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the third embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a fourth embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the fourth embodiment;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a fifth embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the fifth embodiment;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by a sixth embodiment of the present application;

12 includes longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, astigmatism diagram and distortion diagram of the optical system in the sixth embodiment;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system provided by an embodiment of the application;

14 is a schematic diagram of a camera module provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the related drawings. The preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that a thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure is provided.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides an optical system 10 having a four-piece structure. The optical system 10 includes a first lens L1 , a second lens L2 , a third lens L1 , a second lens L2 , and a third lens in sequence along the optical axis 101 from the object side to the image side. Lens L3 and fourth lens L4. The lenses in the optical system 10 are arranged coaxially, that is, the optical axes of the lenses are all located on the same straight line, and the straight line may be called the optical axis 101 of the optical system 10 . Each optical element (eg, lens, diaphragm) in the optical system 10 can be assembled with a lens barrel to constitute an imaging lens.

The first lens L1 includes an object side S1 and an image side S2, the second lens L2 includes an object side S3 and an image side S4, the third lens L3 includes an object side S5 and an image side S6, and the fourth lens L4 includes an object side S7 and an image side S8. The optical system 10 also has an imaging surface S9, and the imaging surface S9 is located on the outgoing light path of the fourth lens L4. Generally, the imaging surface S9 of the optical system 10 coincides with the photosensitive surface of the image sensor. For the convenience of understanding, the imaging surface S9 can be regarded as the photosensitive surface of the image sensor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first lens L1 has positive refractive power, the second lens L2 has negative refractive power, the third lens L3 has negative refractive power, and the fourth lens L4 has positive refractive power. It should be noted, however, that when describing what kind of refractive power the lens has, it can be understood that the lens has this kind of refractive power at least at the paraxial position. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the near optical axis, the image side S8 of the third lens L3 is concave at the near optical axis, and the object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is at Convex at the near optical axis.

Further, the optical system 10 also satisfies the relationship: 0.5<SD42/ImgH<0.85 and ImgH>4.0mm; SD42 is the maximum effective radius of the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4, and ImgH is the maximum angle of view of the optical system 10 corresponding to like half the height. It should be noted that the rectangular effective pixel area of the image sensor has a diagonal direction, and when the image sensor is assembled, the maximum field angle of the optical system 10 can be understood as the maximum field angle parallel to the diagonal direction. ImgH can be understood as half of the diagonal length of the rectangular effective imaging area on the imaging surface S9. When the image sensor is assembled, ImgH can also be understood as the distance from the center of the rectangular effective pixel area to the diagonal edge of the image sensor, and the diagonal direction of the above-mentioned effective imaging area is parallel to the diagonal direction of the rectangular effective pixel area. . In some embodiments, the SD42/ImgH relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 0.52, 0.54, 0.58, 0.6, 0.63, 0.66, 0.7, 0.73, 0.75, 0.77 or 0.79. In some embodiments, the relationship of ImgH satisfied by the optical system 10 may further satisfy the relationship: ImgH≦4.25mm, so that the image plane size of the optical system 10 can be better controlled within a reasonable range. Specifically, the ImgH may be 4.15mm, 4.17mm, 4.19mm, 4.21mm, 4.23mm or 4.25mm.

The above-mentioned optical system 10 with a four-piece structure, through the matching design of the refractive power of the lens and the surface shape, on the one hand, will help the system to have a telephoto characteristic, and on the other hand, it can also achieve a good adjustment to the convergence and divergence of light to achieve better results. Aberrations are suppressed. And when the optical system 10 further satisfies the above-mentioned relational conditions about SD42/ImgH and ImgH, a reasonable relationship can be obtained between the maximum effective light aperture of the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 and the image height corresponding to the maximum field angle of the system. Matching, it is beneficial to suppress the exit angle of the chief ray of the fringe field of view from the fourth lens L4, so that the exit angle is controlled within a reasonable range, and the incident angle of the chief ray of the fringe field of view on the imaging plane is too large. The result is poor light sensitivity, and at the same time, the chief ray angle of the inner field of view can be better matched with the image sensor, so as to meet the design requirements of high pixels. In addition, the radial dimension of the fourth lens L4 can be restrained by the constraints of the above relational expression conditions, which is beneficial to control the overall radial dimension of the lens group in the optical system 10 and realize the miniaturized design of the optical system 10 . When SD42/ImgH≤0.5, the maximum effective aperture of the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is too small relative to the size of the effective imaging area of the imaging surface, which is not conducive to reducing the total optical length, and easily causes light deflection at the edge of the field of view The angle is too large, which leads to the generation of vignetting; when SD42/ImgH ≥ 0.85, the maximum effective aperture of the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is too large, which is easy to cause the center thickness of the fourth lens L4, edge thickness and lens radius The unreasonable distribution between them increases the difficulty of processing and makes it difficult to manufacture and form.

In addition, in some embodiments, the optical system 10 further satisfies at least one of the following relations, and can bring corresponding technical effects when any relation is satisfied:

1.5<ndG<1.8; ndG is the refractive index of the glass lens under d light. With the design of the above spherical surface and glass material, the molding difficulty and processing cost of the lens can be reduced, and when the above relationship is satisfied, the transmittance of light can be effectively improved, and the aberration correction ability of the lens can be strengthened at the same time. In particular, chromatic aberration can be better balanced, so that the optical system 10 can obtain excellent imaging quality. In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 1.56, 1.58, 1.6, 1.64, 1.68, 1.7, 1.72, 1.74 or 1.75.

-0.8<f12/f34<-0.1; f12>0; f34<0; f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, and f34 is the combined focal length of the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 have a positive combined focal length, while the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 have a negative combined focal length, and through the constraints of the above relationship conditions, the sizes of f12 and f34 can be can be controlled, so that the balance of spherical aberration of the system can be achieved, so that the on-axis field of view can have good imaging quality; at the same time, the main surface of the system can be kept away from the imaging surface, so that the optical system 10 has a larger depth of focus, thereby enhancing the Telephoto performance of the optical system 10 . In some embodiments, the relationship of f12/f34 satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be -0.55, -0.52, -0.5, -0.47, -0.45, -0.4, -0.38, -0.36 or -0.34.

1.0<R3/R4<2.5; R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis, and R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side S4 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis. When the above relationship is satisfied, the object side S3 and the image side S4 of the second lens L2 can be constrained to prevent the two sides from being too curved or too flat. On the one hand, the processing feasibility of the second lens L2 can be improved, on the other hand. It can also effectively correct the spherical aberration and astigmatism of the system, and improve the imaging quality of the optical system 10 . When it is lower than the lower limit of the above relationship, the surface shape of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 will be excessively curved, which will easily lead to poor molding of the surface and affect the manufacturing yield; or cause the image side S4 to be too flat, which is not conducive to aberration correction. When it is higher than the upper limit of the above relationship, the surface shape of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is too smooth, which makes it difficult to correct the aberration, and at the same time, the astigmatism of the external field of view is too large, which affects the imaging quality of the telephoto lens; or Like the side S4, the surface shape is too curved and difficult to shape. In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.25, 2.3, 2.35 or 2.38.

1.2<f1/R1<2.2; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and R1 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 at the optical axis. When the above relationship is satisfied, the refractive power intensity of the first lens L1 can be reasonably controlled, which is beneficial to improve the telephoto capability of the system, reduce the spherical aberration of the system, and improve the imaging clarity. When it is lower than the lower limit of the above relationship, the positive refractive power provided by the first lens L1 is too strong, and it is difficult for the negative lens in the system to correct aberrations, resulting in poor imaging quality and increasing the difficulty of designing an image-side lens. When it is higher than the upper limit of the above relationship, the positive refractive power provided by the first lens L1 is insufficient, resulting in insufficient telephoto capability of the optical lens. In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 1.42, 1.45, 1.5, 1.54, 1.6, 1.7, 1.77, 1.8, 1.85, 1.9, 1.92 or 1.94.

1.0<f2/f3<250.0; f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2, and f3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3. Both the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 provide negative refractive power to the optical system 10. When the above relationship is satisfied, the refractive power of the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 at the paraxial position can be sequentially increased in order, so that the The positive spherical aberration generated by the first lens L1 is offset to achieve good on-axis image quality. The negative refractive power provided by the third lens L3 can also further diverge the light and improve the astigmatic aberration in the external field of view, thereby satisfying high-definition resolution. imaging requirements. In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 2, 5, 6, 9, 15, 25, 40, 80, 130, 170, 200, 220, 235, 240 or 245.

0.4<f1/f4<1.3; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens L4. Both the first lens L1 and the fourth lens L4 provide the optical system 10 with a positive refractive power. When the above relationship is satisfied, on the one hand, the converging ability of the first lens L1 for incident light can be enhanced, and on the other hand, the fourth lens L4 can provide suitable refractive power. The positive refractive power of the strength can balance the negative spherical aberration generated by the object-side negative lens, and can also further enhance the telephoto capability of the optical system 10 . In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 0.48, 0.5, 0.54, 0.67, 0.75, 0.9, 1.1, 1.15, 1.18 or 1.2.

2.0<(CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23)<5.5; CT1 is the thickness of the first lens L1 on the optical axis 101, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 on the optical axis 101, and CT3 is the third The thickness of the lens L3 on the optical axis 101, T12 is the distance from the image side S2 of the first lens L1 to the object side S3 of the second lens L2 on the optical axis 101, T23 is the image side S4 of the second lens L2 to the third The distance of the object side surface S5 of the lens L3 on the optical axis 101 . When the above relationship is satisfied, the resistance of the first three lenses in the system can be strengthened, so that the lenses will not be too thin and not easily broken, so that the impact of collision can be better reduced; and the first lens L1 to the third lens L3 are configured with The thickness of each lens and the distance between the lenses are reasonable, which is beneficial to the structure miniaturization design of the optical system 10 , and avoids that the lens is too thin to affect the strength of the lens and thus affect the manufacturing yield. While ensuring the assembly manufacturability of the optical system 10, the separation distance between the lenses can also be fully compressed, so that the optical system 10 with telephoto characteristics can be miniaturized. When it is higher than the upper limit of the above-mentioned relationship, the space allowance of the space allocation between the lenses is too small, resulting in increased sensitivity of the optical system 10 and unfavorable for the assembly of the lenses. When it is lower than the lower limit of the above relationship, the lens pitch is too large, which is not conducive to the miniaturized design of the optical system 10 . In some embodiments, the above relationship satisfied by the optical system 10 may specifically be 2.5, 2.7, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.9 or 5.1.

The reference wavelength of the effective focal length and refractive index in the above-mentioned relational expressions is 587.56 nm.

The ranges determined by the above relationships and the corresponding technical effects are aimed at the optical system 10 having the aforementioned four-piece structure. When the relationship between the lens design (number of lenses, refractive power configuration, surface configuration, etc.) of the optical system 10 cannot be guaranteed, it will be difficult to ensure that the optical system 10 can still have corresponding technical effects when these relationship ranges are satisfied, and even there may be There is a possibility of a significant drop in camera performance.

In some embodiments, the object side and/or the image side of at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 is aspherical, that is, at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 has an aspherical surface type. For example, the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 can be designed as aspherical surfaces. The aspheric surface configuration can further help the optical system 10 to eliminate aberrations, solve the problem of distortion of the field of view, and at the same time, it is also conducive to the miniaturized design of the optical system 10, so that the optical system 10 can maintain the miniaturized design. optical effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the object side and/or the image side of at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 may also be spherical, that is, at least one of them has a spherical surface. The spherical surface type can reduce the difficulty and cost of lens fabrication. In some embodiments, the combination of spherical and aspherical surfaces allows the system to balance good imaging quality with low cost and ease of fabrication.

It should be noted that the actual surface shape of the lens is not limited to the spherical or aspherical shape shown in the drawings of the present application, and the drawings are mainly for example reference and are not drawn strictly to scale. It should also be noted that, in the following description, when the object side or the image side of a certain lens is aspherical, the surface may be a structure that exhibits a convex surface or a concave surface as a whole. Alternatively, the surface can also be designed to have an inflection point, and the shape of the surface will change from the center to the edge, for example, the surface is convex at the center and concave at the edge. This is only an example to illustrate the relationship between the paraxial position and the circumference. The specific surface structure (concave-convex relationship) of any side surface of any lens can be various, and is not limited to the above example.

For the calculation of the surface shape of the aspheric surface, please refer to the aspheric surface formula:

Among them, Z is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the tangent plane of the surface at the optical axis, r is the distance from the corresponding point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis, c is the curvature of the aspheric surface at the optical axis, and k is the cone coefficient , Ai is the coefficient of the high-order term corresponding to the i-th-order high-order term in the aspheric surface formula.

Further, in some embodiments, at least one of the object side S7 and the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 is provided with an inflection point, and the setting of the inflection point can increase the flexibility of the lens in regulating and controlling incident light. Especially for the fourth lens L4 located at the rear end of the lens group, the light in the central field of view mainly passes through the area of the lens close to the center, while the light in the edge field of view mainly passes through the area of the two lenses close to the edge. The setting of the inflection point enables the fourth lens L4 to control the light in the central field of view and the edge field of view in a targeted manner, thereby effectively correcting the on-axis and off-axis aberrations of the system. In one embodiment, both the object side S7 and the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 are provided with inflection points.

The optical system 10 includes a diaphragm STO, and the diaphragm STO is an aperture diaphragm. The diaphragm STO is used to control the amount of light entering the optical system 10 and can simultaneously block ineffective light. When the projection of the diaphragm STO on the optical axis 101 overlaps with the projection of the object side S1 of the first lens L1 on the optical axis 101, it can also be considered that the diaphragm STO is arranged on the object side of the first lens L1, and the first At least a partial region of the object side S1 of a lens L1 passes through the aperture STO toward the object. The diaphragm STO may be disposed on the object side of the first lens L1, and in some embodiments, may also be disposed between two adjacent lenses among the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4. The stop STO may be formed of a barrel structure that holds the lens, or may be a gasket that is separately fitted between the lens and the barrel.

On the other hand, in some embodiments, the material of at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 is plastic. In some embodiments, the material of at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 is glass. For example, the material of each lens in the optical system 10 is either plastic or glass. The lens made of plastic can reduce the weight of the optical system 10 and the production cost, while the lens made of glass can withstand higher temperatures and have excellent optical effects. In other embodiments, the material of the first lens L1 is glass, and the material of each of the second lens L2 to the fourth lens L4 is plastic. In this case, due to the material of the lens on the object side in the optical system 10 It is glass, so these glass lenses located on the object side have good resistance to extreme environments, and are not easily affected by the object side environment and cause aging, so when the optical system 10 is in extreme environments such as exposure to high temperatures, this The structure can better balance the optical performance and cost of the system. Of course, the material configuration relationship of the lenses in the optical system 10 is not limited to the above distance. The material of any lens can be plastic or glass, and the specific design can be determined according to actual needs.

In some embodiments, the optical system 10 includes an infrared cut filter 110 , and the infrared cut filter 110 is disposed on the light exit path of the fourth lens L4 and is relatively fixed to each lens in the optical system 10 . The infrared cut-off filter 110 is used to filter out infrared light to prevent the infrared light from reaching the imaging surface S9 of the system, thereby preventing the infrared light from interfering with normal imaging. The infrared cut filter 110 may be assembled with each lens as part of the optical system 10 . In other embodiments, the infrared cut-off filter 110 is not a component of the optical system 10 , and the infrared cut-off filter 110 can be installed on the optical system 10 and the photosensitive element to form a camera module. Between the system 10 and the photosensitive element. In some embodiments, the infrared cut filter 110 may also be disposed on the object side of the first lens L1. In addition, in some embodiments, a filter coating layer can also be provided on at least one of the first lens L1 to the fourth lens L4 to filter out infrared light.

Next, the optical system 10 of the present application will be described with more specific and detailed embodiments:

first embodiment

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , in the first embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with a positive refractive power, and a second lens with a negative refractive power along the optical axis 101 from the object side to the image side. Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 2 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the first embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is convex at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.

The object side surface and the image side surface of each of the first lens L1 , the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are aspheric surfaces, and the object side surface S3 and the image side surface S4 of the second lens L2 are spherical surfaces.

In addition, the material of the first lens L1, the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 are all plastics, and the material of the second lens L2 is glass.

In the first embodiment, the respective lens parameters of the optical system 10 are given in Tables 1 and 2 below. Table 2 shows the aspheric coefficients of the corresponding surfaces of the lenses in Table 1, where K is the conic coefficient, and Ai is the coefficient corresponding to the i-th higher-order term in the aspheric surface formula. The elements from the object plane to the image plane (the imaging plane S9, which can also be understood as the photosensitive surface of the image sensor in the later assembly) are arranged in order from top to bottom in Table 1. The diaphragm is an aperture diaphragm, and the infrared filter is an infrared cut-off filter 110 . The surfaces corresponding to the surface numbers 2 and 3 respectively represent the object side S1 and the image side S2 of the first lens L1, that is, in the same lens, the surface with the smaller surface number is the object side, and the surface with the larger surface number is the image side surface 1. The Y radius in is the curvature radius of the object side surface or the image side surface of the corresponding surface number at the optical axis, and a spherical surface with an infinite Y radius is a plane. The absolute value of the first value of the lens in the "Thickness" parameter column is the thickness of the lens on the optical axis, and the absolute value of the second value is the image side of the lens to the object side of the following optical element on the optical axis. Distance on 101. In the parameter tables of the following embodiments (the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment), the reference wavelength of the refractive index, Abbe number and focal length of each lens is 587.6 nm, and the Y radius, thickness, focal length (effective focal length) ), the numerical unit of Y aperture is millimeter (mm).

In the first embodiment, the effective focal length of the optical system 10 is f=21.3mm, the aperture number FNO=2.26, the half of the maximum angle of view HFOV=10.9°, the total optical length TTL=21.094mm, and the total optical length TTL is the first lens L1 The distance from the object side surface S1 to the imaging surface S9 on the optical axis 101.

Table 1

Table 2

In the first embodiment, the optical system 10 satisfies the following relationships:

SD42/ImgH=0.741 and ImgH=4.15mm. For the above-mentioned optical system 10 with a four-piece structure, through the matching design of the refractive power and surface shape of the above lenses, on the one hand, it will be beneficial for the system to have telephoto characteristics, and on the other hand, it can also achieve good convergence and divergence of light rays. Adjust to suppress aberrations. And when the optical system 10 further satisfies the conditions of SD42/ImgH and ImgH, a reasonable match can be obtained between the maximum effective light aperture of the image side S8 of the fourth lens L4 and the image height corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the system. It is beneficial to suppress the exit angle of the chief ray of the fringe field of view when it exits from the fourth lens L4, so that the exit angle is controlled within a reasonable range, and prevent the incident angle of the chief ray of the fringe field of view on the imaging plane from being too large to cause photosensitive At the same time, the chief ray angle of the inner field of view can be better matched with the image sensor, so as to meet the design requirements of high pixels. In addition, the radial dimension of the fourth lens L4 can be restrained by the constraints of the above-mentioned relational conditions, which is beneficial to control the overall radial dimension of the lens group in the optical system 10 and realize the miniaturization design of the optical system 10 .

ndG=1.755; ndG is the refractive index of the glass lens under d light (587.6 nm), and ndG in this embodiment refers to the refractive index of the second lens L2 under d light. When the above relationship is satisfied, the transmittance of light can be effectively improved, and at the same time, the aberration correction capability of the lens can be strengthened, and in particular, chromatic aberration can be better balanced, so that the optical system 10 can obtain excellent imaging quality.

f12/f34=-0.566; f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2, and f34 is the combined focal length of the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 have a positive combined focal length, while the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 have a negative combined focal length, and through the constraints of the above relationship conditions, the sizes of f12 and f34 can be obtained. Therefore, the spherical aberration of the system can be balanced, so that the on-axis field of view can have good imaging quality; at the same time, the main surface of the system can be kept away from the imaging surface, so that the optical system 10 has a larger depth of focus, thereby strengthening the optical system. Telephoto performance of system 10.

R3/R4=1.469; R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis, and R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side S4 of the second lens L2 at the optical axis. When the above relationship is satisfied, the object side S3 and the image side S4 of the second lens L2 can be constrained to prevent the two sides from being too curved or too flat. On the one hand, the processing feasibility of the second lens L2 can be improved, on the other hand. It can also effectively correct the spherical aberration and astigmatism of the system, and improve the imaging quality of the optical system 10 . When it is lower than the lower limit of the above relationship, the surface shape of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 will be excessively curved, which will easily lead to poor molding of the surface and affect the manufacturing yield; or cause the image side S4 to be too flat, which is not conducive to aberration correction. When it is higher than the upper limit of the above relationship, the surface shape of the object side S3 of the second lens L2 is too smooth, which makes it difficult to correct the aberration, and at the same time, the astigmatism of the external field of view is too large, which affects the imaging quality of the telephoto lens; or Like the side S4, the surface shape is too curved and difficult to shape.

f1/R1=1.445; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and R1 is the radius of curvature of the object side surface S1 of the first lens L1 at the optical axis. When the above relationship is satisfied, the refractive power intensity of the first lens L1 can be reasonably controlled, which is beneficial to improve the telephoto capability of the system, reduce the spherical aberration of the system, and improve the imaging clarity.

f2/f3=6.66; f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens L2, and f3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3. Both the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 provide negative refractive power to the optical system 10. When the above relationship is satisfied, the refractive power of the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 at the paraxial position can be sequentially increased in order, so that the The positive spherical aberration generated by the first lens L1 is offset to achieve good on-axis image quality. The negative refractive power provided by the third lens L3 can also further diverge the light and improve the astigmatic aberration in the external field of view, thereby satisfying high-definition resolution. imaging requirements.

f1/f4=0.946; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens L4. Both the first lens L1 and the fourth lens L4 provide the optical system 10 with a positive refractive power. When the above relationship is satisfied, on the one hand, the converging ability of the first lens L1 for incident light can be enhanced, and on the other hand, the fourth lens L4 can provide suitable refractive power. The positive refractive power of the strength can balance the negative spherical aberration generated by the object-side negative lens, and can also further enhance the telephoto capability of the optical system 10 .

(CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23)=3.723; CT1 is the thickness of the first lens L1 on the optical axis 101, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens L2 on the optical axis 101, and CT3 is the third lens L3 Thickness on the optical axis 101, T12 is the distance from the image side S2 of the first lens L1 to the object side S3 of the second lens L2 on the optical axis 101, T23 is the image side S4 of the second lens L2 to the third lens L3 The distance of the object side surface S5 on the optical axis 101. When the above relationship is satisfied, the resistance of the first three lenses in the system can be strengthened, so that the lenses will not be too thin and not easily broken, so that the impact of collision can be better reduced; and the first lens L1 to the third lens L3 are configured with The thickness of each lens and the distance between the lenses are reasonable, which is beneficial to the structure miniaturization design of the optical system 10 , and avoids that the lens is too thin to affect the strength of the lens and thus affect the manufacturing yield. While ensuring the assembly manufacturability of the optical system 10, the separation distance between the lenses can also be sufficiently compressed, so that the optical system 10 with telephoto characteristics can be miniaturized.

The optical system 10 that satisfies the above-mentioned design has the design of glass-plastic hybrid and spherical/aspherical combination, and also has the characteristics of miniaturization and telephoto, and can realize high-quality telephoto imaging only with the structural design of four lenses.

In addition, FIG. 2 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram (Longitudinal Spherical Aberration) of the optical system 10, which represents the deviation of the converging focus of light of different wavelengths after passing through the lens. The ordinate of the longitudinal spherical aberration map represents the normalized pupil coordinate (Normalized Pupil Coordinator) from the pupil center to the pupil edge, and the abscissa represents the distance from the imaging plane to the intersection of the light and the optical axis (unit is mm). It can be seen from the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram that in the first embodiment, the degree of deviation of the converging focus of each wavelength light tends to be the same, and the smear or color halo in the imaging picture is effectively suppressed. FIG. 2 also includes Astigmatic Field Curves of the optical system 10, wherein the S curve represents the sagittal field curvature at 587.6 nm, and the T curve represents the meridional field curvature at 587.6 nm. It can be seen from the figure that the field curvature of the system is small, the field curvature and astigmatism of each field of view are well corrected, and the center and edge of the field of view have clear images. FIG. 2 also includes a distortion diagram (Distortion) of the optical system 10. It can be seen from the diagram that the image distortion caused by the main beam of the fringe field of view is small, and the imaging quality of the system is excellent.

Second Embodiment

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 , in the second embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with a positive refractive power, and a second lens with a negative refractive power along the optical axis 101 from the object side to the image side. Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 4 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the second embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is convex at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is concave at the circumference.

In addition, the lens parameters of the optical system 10 in the second embodiment are given in Table 3 and Table 4, wherein the meanings of the names and the definitions of the parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

table 3

Table 4

The optical system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

SD42/ImgH 0.518 f2/f3 5.26 ImgH(mm) 4.15 f1/f4 0.612 ndG 1.696 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23) 4.105 f12/f34 -0.53 f1/R1 1.686 R3/R4 1.355    

It can be seen from the aberration diagram in FIG. 4 that the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the optical system 10 are well controlled, so that the optical system 10 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.

Third Embodiment

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6 , in the third embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with positive refractive power, and a second lens with negative refractive power from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101 Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 6 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the third embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is convex at the circumference.

In addition, the lens parameters of the optical system 10 in the third embodiment are given in Table 5 and Table 6, wherein the meanings of the names and the definitions of the parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

table 5

Table 6

The optical system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

SD42/ImgH 0.711 f2/f3 248.78 ImgH 4.15 f1/f4 1.209 ndG 1.54 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23) 2.482 f12/f34 -0.51 f1/R1 1.952 R3/R4 1.062    

It can be seen from the aberration diagram in FIG. 6 that the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the optical system 10 are well controlled, so that the optical system 10 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.

Fourth Embodiment

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8 , in the fourth embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with positive refractive power, and a second lens with negative refractive power from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101 Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 8 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the fourth embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is convex at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is convex at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is concave at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is convex at the circumference.

In addition, the lens parameters of the optical system 10 in the fourth embodiment are given in Table 7 and Table 8, wherein the meanings of the names and the definitions of the parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Table 7

Table 8

The optical system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

SD42/ImgH 0.661 f2/f3 55.57 ImgH 4.25 f1/f4 1.219 ndG 1.569 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23) 3.58 f12/f34 -0.58 f1/R1 1.732 R3/R4 1.109    

It can be seen from the aberration diagram in FIG. 8 that the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the optical system 10 are well controlled, so that the optical system 10 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.

Fifth Embodiment

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10 , in the fifth embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with positive refractive power, and a second lens with negative refractive power from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101 Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 10 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the fifth embodiment, wherein the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is convex at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is convex at the circumference.

In addition, the lens parameters of the optical system 10 in the fifth embodiment are given in Table 9 and Table 10, wherein the meanings of the names and the definitions of the parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Table 9

Table 10

The optical system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

SD42/ImgH 0.699 f2/f3 1.5 ImgH 4.15 f1/f4 0.468 ndG 1.623 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23) 5.114 f12/f34 -0.405 f1/R1 1.545 R3/R4 2.4    

It can be seen from the aberration diagram in FIG. 10 that the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the optical system 10 are well controlled, so that the optical system 10 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.

Sixth Embodiment

11 and 12 , in the sixth embodiment, the optical system 10 sequentially includes a diaphragm STO, a first lens L1 with positive refractive power, and a second lens with negative refractive power from the object side to the image side along the optical axis 101 . Lens L2, third lens L3 with negative refractive power, fourth lens L4 with positive refractive power. The first lens L1 and the second lens L2 constitute a lens group with positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4 constitute a lens group with negative refractive power. FIG. 12 includes a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram, an astigmatism diagram, and a distortion diagram of the optical system 10 in the sixth embodiment, where the reference wavelength of the astigmatism diagram and the distortion diagram is 587 nm.

The object side S1 of the first lens L1 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S2 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S1 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S2 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S3 of the second lens L2 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S4 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S3 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S4 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S5 of the third lens L3 is concave at the paraxial position, and the image side S6 is concave at the paraxial position; the object side S5 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S6 is concave at the circumference.

The object side S7 of the fourth lens L4 is convex at the paraxial position, and the image side S8 is convex at the paraxial position; the object side S7 is convex at the circumference, and the image side S8 is convex at the circumference.

In addition, the lens parameters of the optical system 10 in the sixth embodiment are given in Table 11 and Table 12, wherein the meanings of the names and the definitions of the parameters can be obtained from the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Table 11

Table 12

The optical system 10 in this embodiment satisfies the following relationship:

SD42/ImgH 0.793 f2/f3 9.79 ImgH 4.15 f1/f4 1.121 ndG 1.74 (CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23) 2.431 f12/f34 -0.333 f1/R1 1.416 R3/R4 1.228    

It can be seen from the aberration diagram in FIG. 12 that the longitudinal spherical aberration, field curvature and distortion of the optical system 10 are well controlled, so that the optical system 10 of this embodiment has good imaging quality.

The calculation of the relational expressions and the refractive power of the lens and the surface structure of the above embodiments are all based on the data provided by the parameter tables (such as Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, etc.).

Referring to FIG. 13 , in some embodiments, the optical system 10 includes an optical path refraction element 120 , the optical path refraction element 120 is disposed on the object side of the first lens L1 , and the optical path refraction element 120 is used to reflect light from the object space to The first lens L1. The light path turning element 120 can be a right angle prism or other common reflective elements. Taking a right angle prism as an example, the optical path refraction element includes an incident surface 121, a reflective surface 122 and an exit surface 123, all of which are flat surfaces, and a reflective coating with high reflectivity can be provided on the inclined surface of the right angle prism so that the inclined surface can be used as a reflective surface. face 122. An angle of 45° is formed between the incident surface 121 and the reflection surface 122 , an angle of 45° is formed between the reflection surface 122 and the exit surface 123 , and an angle of 45° is formed between the reflection surface 122 and the optical axis 101 of the mirror group. For details, please refer to Table 13. Table 13 shows the specific parameters of the optical system 10 provided with the optical path refraction element 120 in one embodiment.

Table 13

The above surface number 2 corresponds to the incident surface 121 of the optical path deflection element 120 , the surface number 3 corresponds to the reflection surface 122 , and the surface number 4 corresponds to the exit surface 123 .

Referring to FIG. 14 , some embodiments of the present application further provide a camera module 20 . The camera module 20 may include the optical system 10 and the image sensor 210 of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the image sensor 210 is disposed on the image of the optical system 10 . side. The image sensor 210 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device, charge coupled device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor). Generally, when assembled, the imaging surface S9 of the optical system 10 overlaps the photosensitive surface of the image sensor 210 . By adopting the optical system 10 with the above-mentioned four-piece structure, the telephoto design of the camera module 20 is facilitated, and the optical system in the camera module 20 and the image sensor can be reasonably arranged, which can prevent the edge field of view The incident angle of the chief ray on the imaging surface is too large, resulting in poor light sensitivity, and at the same time, the chief ray angle of the inner field of view can be better matched with the image sensor, so as to meet the design requirements of high pixels. In addition, the overall radial size of the lens group in the above optical system can be well controlled, which is also beneficial to the miniaturization design of the camera module 20 .

Referring to FIG. 15 , some embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device 30 . The electronic device 30 includes a fixing member 310 , and the camera module 20 is mounted on the fixing member 310 . The fixing member 310 may be a display screen cover, a circuit board, a middle frame, a back cover, and other components. The electronic device 30 can be, but is not limited to, a smartphone, a smart watch, a smart glasses, an e-book reader, a vehicle camera device, a monitoring device, a drone, a medical device (such as an endoscope), a tablet computer, a biometric device (such as a Fingerprint recognition equipment or pupil recognition equipment, etc.), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), drones, etc., especially for equipment that has a high demand for telephoto performance. By using the above-mentioned camera module 20, the electronic device 30 can have good camera performance, and the camera module 20 can be installed in a small space, thereby facilitating the realization of miniaturized design.

The "electronic equipment" used in the embodiments of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, be configured to be connected via wired lines (eg, via a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a digital subscriber line, DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network) and/or via (eg, for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), such as digital video broadcasting handheld, DVB-H) network digital television network, satellite network, AM-FM (amplitude modulation-frequency modulation, AM-FM) broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal) wireless interface to receive/send communication signals installation. Electronic devices arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as "wireless communication terminals", "wireless terminals" and/or "mobile terminals". Examples of mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that may combine cellular radio telephones with data processing, facsimile, and data communication capabilities; may include radio telephones, pagers, Internet/ Personal digital assistants (PDAs) with intranet access, web browsers, memo pads, calendars, and/or global positioning system (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptops and/or palmtops A receiver or other electronic device including a radiotelephone transceiver.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of description The present invention and simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise specified limit. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of these technical features, All should be regarded as the scope described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (21)

An optical system, comprising in sequence from the object side to the image side along the optical axis: a first lens having a positive refractive power; a second lens with negative refractive power, the object side of the second lens is convex at the near optical axis; a third lens with negative refractive power, the image side of the third lens is concave at the near optical axis; a fourth lens with positive refractive power, the object side of the fourth lens is convex at the near optical axis; The optical system satisfies the relation: 0.5＜SD42/ImgH＜0.85; ImgH>4.0mm; SD42 is the maximum effective radius of the image side surface of the fourth lens, and ImgH is half of the image height corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the optical system. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: -0.8＜f12/f34＜-0.1; f12>0; f34 < 0; f12 is the combined focal length of the first lens and the second lens, and f34 is the combined focal length of the third lens and the fourth lens. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: ImgH≤4.25mm. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first lens to the fourth lens is a glass lens having a spherical surface, and the glass lens satisfies the relationship: 1.5<ndG<1.8; ndG is the refractive index of the glass lens under d light. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.0＜R3/R4＜2.5; R3 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the second lens at the optical axis, and R4 is the radius of curvature of the image side of the second lens at the optical axis. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.2<f1/R1<2.2; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, and R1 is the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens at the optical axis. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: 1.0＜f2/f3＜250.0; f2 is the effective focal length of the second lens, and f3 is the effective focal length of the third lens. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: 0.4<f1/f4<1.3; f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens, and f4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the relationship: 2.0＜(CT1+CT2+CT3)/(T12+T23)＜5.5; CT1 is the thickness of the first lens on the optical axis, CT2 is the thickness of the second lens on the optical axis, CT3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, and T12 is the thickness of the first lens The distance from the image side to the object side of the second lens on the optical axis, T23 is the distance from the image side of the second lens to the object side of the third lens on the optical axis. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the object side of the first lens is convex, the object side of the second lens is convex, and the image side of the second lens is The near optical axis is concave, the image side of the third lens is concave, and the object side of the fourth lens is convex. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optical system comprises an aperture stop, and the aperture stop is provided on the object side of the first lens. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one of the first to fourth lenses has an aspherical surface type. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one of the first lens to the fourth lens has a spherical surface type. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a material of at least one of the first lens to the fourth lens is glass. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the material of at least one of the first lens to the fourth lens is plastic. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein one of the first lens to the fourth lens is a glass lens, the other three are plastic lenses, and the glass lens Both the object side and the image side of the plastic lens are spherical, and both the object side and the image side of the plastic lens are aspheric. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optical system comprises an optical path refraction element, the optical path refraction element is arranged on the object side of the first lens, and the optical path refraction element The turning element is used to reflect light from the object space to the first lens. The optical system according to claim 17, wherein the optical path reversing element is a right angle prism. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system comprises an infrared cut-off filter, and the infrared cut-off filter is arranged on the light exit light path of the fourth lens. A camera module, comprising an image sensor and the optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the image sensor is arranged on a light-emitting side of the optical system. An electronic device includes a fixing member and the camera module according to claim 20, wherein the camera module is arranged on the fixing member.

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