WO2022158324A1 - 光硬化性組成物及びその硬化物並びに該硬化物を含む光学材料 - Google Patents
光硬化性組成物及びその硬化物並びに該硬化物を含む光学材料 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/04—Polysulfides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/06—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers
- C08G75/08—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers from thiiranes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/06—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/14—Polysulfides
- C08G75/16—Polysulfides by polycondensation of organic compounds with inorganic polysulfides
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/37—Thiols
- C08K5/375—Thiols containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/45—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photocurable composition useful for producing optical materials such as optical element adhesives, optical element coating agents, resist materials, prisms, optical fibers, information recording substrates, filters, and light guide plates.
- optical materials such as optical element adhesives, optical element coating agents, resist materials, prisms, optical fibers, information recording substrates, filters, and light guide plates.
- plastic materials have been widely used for various optical materials because of their light weight, high toughness, and ease of dyeing.
- One of the properties required for many optical materials is a high refractive index.
- many episulfide compounds have been found that enable optical materials with a refractive index of 1.7 or more (see Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
- Another well-known technique for increasing the refractive index of plastic materials is to disperse inorganic particles in organic resin. It is preferable to use an episulfide compound from Most of the curing methods for compositions using episulfide compounds are heat curing, which greatly restricts their applications. In addition, there is a strong demand for a photocurable composition for improving productivity.
- a photocurable composition having a refractive index exceeding 1.73 and capable of forming a fine structure is desired. ing.
- Patent Document 4 reports a cured product of a high refractive index resin obtained by photocuring an episulfide composition containing a photobase generator.
- a method of copolymerizing sulfur and an episulfide compound is known as a method for obtaining a resin cured product having a higher refractive index.
- Patent Document 5 reports that a transparent resin having a refractive index exceeding 1.73 can be obtained by thermally curing an episulfide compound containing sulfur.
- Patent Document 6 reports that a photocurable composition with a high refractive index can be obtained by avoiding the use of sulfur and instead using a cyclic polysulfide compound with low UV absorption. inferior to other resins.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a photocurable composition with a higher refractive index, a cured product thereof, and an optical material containing the cured product.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that a specific amount of sulfur content greatly contributes to improving the refractive index and has little hindrance to photocuring. It has been found that a photocurable composition containing a), an episulfide compound (b) and a photopolymerization initiator (c) exhibits photocurability, and that the photocured product exhibits a high refractive index. Furthermore, the inventors have found that the photocurable composition can be photocured in a shorter time by using long-wavelength light having a wavelength of 360 nm or more. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- the photocurable composition wherein the content of sulfur (a) is 1 to 28 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of compound (b).
- a cyclic compound (d) represented by the following formula (2) is contained with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b).
- af represents an integer of 0 to 3, 8 ⁇ (a + c + e) ⁇ 1, 8 ⁇ (b + d + f) ⁇ 2, and (b+d+f) ⁇ (a+c+e).)
- [3] The light according to [1] or [2], which contains 0.1 to 20 parts by mass of the thiol compound (e) with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b). Curable composition.
- X represents sulfide or disulfide.
- q represents an integer of 0 to 3
- R 1 represents an alkylene group having 0 to 3 carbon atoms.
- p represents an integer of 2 to 4.
- X and Z each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a mercapto group or a methylthiol group, and may be different groups for each repeating unit.
- At least one of X and Z in the molecule is a mercapto group or a methylthiol group.
- the cyclic compound (d) is 1,2-dithietane, trithietane, 1,2-dithiolane, 1,2,3-trithiolane, 1,2,4-trithiolane, tetrathiolane, 1,2-dithiane, 1 , 2,3-trithiane, 1,2,4-trithiane, 1,3,5-trithiane, 1,2,3,4-tetrathiane, 1,2,4,5-tetrathiane, pentathiane, 1,2,3 - trithiepane, 1,2,4-trithiepane, 1,2,5-trithiepane, 1,2,3,4-tetrathiepane, 1,2,3,5-tetrathiepane, 1,2,4,5-tetrathiepane, 1 , 2,4,6-tetrathiepane, 1,2,3,4,5-pentathiepane, 1,2,3,4,6-pentathiepane, 1,2,3,5,6-pentathiepane, and
- the photocurable composition of the present invention has sufficient photocurability, and the cured product thereof has a high refractive index (nD) of 1.72 or more, so that it is possible to provide a high-performance optical material. It has become possible.
- the curable composition of the present invention contains sulfur (a), an episulfide compound (b) and a photopolymerization initiator (c).
- sulfur (a), the episulfide compound (b), the photopolymerization initiator (c), and the compound that can be added as the photocurable composition, which are raw materials used in the present invention, are described in detail below.
- Sulfur (a) used in the present invention is sulfur having a cyclic structure represented by the following formula (1).
- the method of obtaining sulfur (a) is not particularly limited. A commercially available product may be used, or it may be synthesized by a known method.
- the proportion of sulfur (a) in the photocurable composition is 1 to 28 parts by mass, preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass, relative to the total of 100 parts by mass of sulfur (a) and episulfide compound (b), Particularly preferably, it is 5 to 18 parts by mass. If the content of sulfur (a) exceeds 28 parts by mass, the resulting photocured product may be colored yellow.
- the episulfide compound (b) used in the present invention includes all episulfide compounds. Specific examples of the episulfide compound (b) are listed below as compounds having a chain aliphatic skeleton, an aliphatic cyclic skeleton, and an aromatic skeleton, but are not limited to these.
- Compounds having a chain aliphatic skeleton include compounds represented by the following formula (6).
- m represents an integer of 0 to 4
- n represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- Compounds having an aliphatic cyclic skeleton include compounds represented by the following formula (7) or (8). (In formula (7), p and q each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4.)
- Compounds having an aromatic skeleton include compounds represented by the following formulas (9), (10) or (11). (In formula (9), p and q each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4.)
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a phenyl group.
- Specific examples include a bisphenol F-type episulfide compound in which both R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms, and a bisphenol A-type episulfide compound in which both are methyl groups.
- p and q each independently represent an integer of 0 or 1.
- the method of obtaining the episulfide compound (b) is not particularly limited.
- a commercially available product may be used, or it may be synthesized by a known method.
- the proportion of the episulfide compound (b) in the photocurable composition is preferably 72 parts by mass or more, more preferably 80 to 97 parts by mass, relative to the total 100 parts by mass of sulfur (a) and episulfide compound (b). and particularly preferably 82 to 95 parts by mass. If the episulfide compound (b) is less than 72 parts by mass, the reaction with sulfur (a) may be insufficient.
- the photopolymerization initiator (c) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the episulfide compound (b) can be photocured.
- radical generators, acid generators, base generators and the like can be used. Since the base catalyst has the highest activity for the polymerization of the episulfide compound (b), the use of a base generator is most desirable.
- Preferred specific examples of the photopolymerization initiator (c) include tetrabutylammonium butyltriphenylborate, tetrabutylammonium butyltri(4-t-butylphenyl)borate, and tetrabutylammonium butyltri(1-naphthyl)borate.
- Other preferred photopolymerization initiators (c) include compounds (photobase generators) that generate bases, such as amidines such as DBN (diazabicyclononene) and DBU (diazabicycloundecene). .
- a sensitizer can be added to the episulfide compound (b) in the present invention. Addition of a sensitizer enables curing with low-energy UV irradiation.
- the proportion of the photopolymerization initiator (c) in the photocurable composition is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass in total of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b). 0.1 to 3.0 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.2 to 1.0 parts by mass. If the amount of the photopolymerization initiator (c) is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the photocurability will be low, and if it exceeds 10 parts by mass, the refractive index of the cured product may be greatly reduced.
- the cyclic compound (d) preferably used in the present invention has a structure represented by the following formula (2).
- C represents a carbon atom
- X represents S, Se or Te.
- a to f represent integers of 0 to 3, 8 ⁇ (a + c + e) ⁇ 1, 8 ⁇ (b + d + f) ⁇ 2 , and (b+d+f) ⁇ (a+c+e).)
- X in the formula (2) is preferably S or Se, more preferably S, from the viewpoint of availability and toxicity.
- a to f are preferably 8 ⁇ (a + c + e) ⁇ 1, 7 ⁇ (b + d + f) ⁇ 2, more preferably 5 ⁇ (a + c + e) from the viewpoint of availability, refractive index, and low inhibition of photoactivity ⁇ 1, 7 ⁇ (b+d+f) ⁇ 2. Further preferred also satisfy the relationship (b+d+f) ⁇ (a+c+e).
- the total content of S, Se and Te in the cyclic compound (d) is preferably 50% by mass or more.
- cyclic compound (d) include, but are not limited to, the following. dithiirane, 1,2-dithietane, 1,3-dithietane, trithietane, 1,2-dithiolane, 1,3-dithiolane, 1,2,3-trithiolane, 1,2,4-trithiolane, tetrathiolane, 1,2- dithiane, 1,3-dithiane, 1,4-dithiane, 1,2,3-trithiane, 1,2,4-trithiane, 1,3,5-trithiane, 1,2,3,4-tetrathiane, 1, 2,4,5-tetrathiane, bis(1,2,3,5,6-pentathiepano)methane, tris(1,2,3,5,6-pentathiepano)methane, 1,2-dithiepane, 1,3- dithiepane, 1,4-dithiepane, 1,2,3-trithiepane, 1,2,4-
- Preferred examples are 1,2-dithietane, trithietane, 1,2-dithiolane, 1,2,3-trithiolane, 1,2-dithietane, 1,2-dithiolane, 1,2,3-trithiolane, and 1,2-dithietane, trithietane, 1,2-dithiolane, 1,2,3-trithiolane, and 1,2-dithietane.
- the method of obtaining the cyclic compound (d) is not particularly limited.
- a commercially available product may be used, it may be collected and extracted from natural products such as crude oil, animals and plants, or it may be synthesized by a known method.
- the synthetic method N.I. Takeda et al., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. , 68, 2757 (1995); Feher et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 7, 301 (1968); W. Kutney et al., Can. J. Chem, 58, 1233 (1980).
- the ratio of the cyclic compound (d) in the photocurable composition is preferably 80 parts by mass or less, more preferably 12 to 75 parts by mass, relative to the total 100 parts by mass of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b). and particularly preferably 20 to 70 parts by mass. If the proportion of the cyclic compound (d) exceeds 80 parts by mass, the resulting photocured product may be colored yellow.
- the structure of the thiol compound (e) preferably used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of availability and increasing the refractive index of the photocurable composition, it is represented by the following formulas (3) to (5) Polyfunctional thiol compounds are preferred.
- X represents sulfide or disulfide.
- q represents an integer of 0 to 3
- R 1 represents an alkylene group having 0 to 3 carbon atoms.
- p represents an integer of 2 to 4
- X and Z each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a mercapto group or a methylthiol group, and each repeating unit may be a different group.
- At least one of X and Z in the molecule is a mercapto group or a methylthiol group.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (3) include 1,2,6,7-tetramercapto-4-thiaheptane and bis(2,3-dimercaptopropanyl) disulfide.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (4) include 2,5-dimercapto-1,4-dithiane, 2,5-dimercaptomethyl-1,4-dithiane, 2,5-dimercaptoethyl-1, 4-Dithiane and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (5) include 1,5-dimercapto-3-thiapentane, 2-mercaptomethyl-1,5-dimercapto-3-thiapentane, 2,4-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1 ,5-dimercapto-3-thiapentane, 4-mercaptomethyl-1,8-dimercapto-3,6-dithiaoctane, 4,8-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithia Undecane, 4,7-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane, 5,7-bis(mercaptomethyl)-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9- tritiundecane and the like.
- the amount of the thiol compound (e) added is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b). If it is less than 0.1 part by mass, the color tone will not be sufficiently improved, and if it exceeds 20 parts by mass, the resulting cured product may become soft.
- an acidic compound (f) can be added to the photocurable composition. Addition of the acidic compound (f) prolongs the usable life of the photocurable composition.
- the acidic compound (f) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves in the photocurable composition.
- the protonic acid is preferably an organic acid having a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, or a phosphoric acid group.
- particularly preferred compounds include methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, and oxalic acid.
- Examples of compounds preferred as Lewis acids are dibutyltin dichloride, butyltin trichloride, dioctyltin dichloride, octyltin trichloride, dibutyldichlorogermanium, butyltrichlorogermanium, diphenyldichlorogermanium, phenyltrichlorogermanium, triphenylantimony dichloride, especially A preferred compound is dibutyltin dichloride.
- the acidic compound (f) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the acidic compound (f) used is preferably 0.001 to 1 part by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 0.2 part by mass with respect to the total of 100 parts by mass of the sulfur (a) and the episulfide compound (b). is. If the amount added is less than 0.001 part by mass, the stabilizing effect may be small, and if it is more than 1 part by mass, the photocurability may deteriorate.
- a sensitizer (g) can be added to the photocurable composition in the present invention.
- the sensitizer (g) By adding the sensitizer (g) to the photocurable composition, it becomes possible to liberate the base from the photopolymerization initiator (c) more efficiently. As a result, the exposure time can be shortened and the polymerization of the photocurable composition can be promoted.
- Preferred sensitizers (g) are aromatic ketones such as substituted or unsubstituted benzophenones, thioxanthones, anthraquinones or dyes such as oxazines, acridines, phenazines and rhodamines, and compounds with conjugated heterocycles such as fluorenes, fluorenones, naphthalenes. is. Particularly preferred are substituted or unsubstituted benzophenones, thioxanthones and fluorenes.
- benzophenone 4,4′-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone, 4,4′-bis-(diethylamino)benzophenone, 4,4′-bis(ethylmethylamino)benzophenone, 4,4′-diphenyl benzophenone, 4,4'-diphenoxybenzophenone, 4,4'-bis(p-isopropylphenoxy)benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 2-methoxycarbonylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 4-methoxy-3,3'-methylbenzophenone, isopropylthioxanthone, chlorothioxanthone, 1-chloro-4-propoxythioxanthone, 2-(trifluoromethyl)thioxanthone, 2,4 -dimethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethy
- the amount of the sensitizer (g) used is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 3 parts by mass with respect to the total of 100 parts by mass of sulfur (a) and episulfide compound (b). and most preferably 0.1 to 1 part by mass.
- the photocurable composition of the present invention contains epoxy compounds, Iso(thio)cyanates, phenols, amines, etc. may be added.
- a known polymerization curing catalyst can be added separately.
- thermosetting catalysts, antioxidants, bluing agents, ultraviolet absorbers, various performance-improving additives and the like can be added as necessary. The amount of these additives added is usually 0.0001 to 5 parts by mass based on the total amount of the photocurable composition.
- an amine compound is added to the photocurable composition to pre-react sulfur, It is preferable to improve the solubility of sulfur.
- the amine compound to be added hindered amine compounds and imidazole compounds are preferable, and specific examples thereof include 1-methyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl methacrylate and 2-mercapto-1-methyl-4 , 5-dihydroimidazole.
- the photocurable composition of the present invention is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays or visible light.
- the light source used at that time is not particularly limited as long as it is a device that generates ultraviolet rays or visible rays.
- high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, high-power metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, light-emitting diodes (ultraviolet LEDs), and the like can be mentioned.
- a light source with a high emission intensity of 360 to 410 nm is preferable because the curing speed of the photocurable composition is high, and a light source of 380 nm or more is more preferable.
- by cutting light of less than 360 nm with a long-pass filter or the like it is possible to improve the color tone of the photocured product.
- the photocurable composition of the present invention When the photocurable composition of the present invention is photocured, it may undergo polymerization inhibition due to the influence of oxygen in the air. Therefore, in order to shorten the exposure time and sufficiently polymerize the photocurable composition, it is preferable to perform the exposure in an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration.
- Specific examples include a method of exposing with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, argon gas, or helium gas, and a method of exposing under reduced pressure.
- the oxygen concentration at that time is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the surface of the photocurable composition may be covered with a transparent film such as a polypropylene film for exposure, or the photocurable composition may be sealed and injected into a transparent mold made of glass or the like for exposure. A method is also included.
- Curing can be further accelerated by performing heat treatment after irradiating the photocurable composition with ultraviolet rays or visible light.
- the heating temperature and time can be appropriately selected depending on the degree of curing required for the optical material, but the heating temperature is preferably room temperature to 150° C. and the heating time is preferably 1 minute to 3 days.
- the cured product of the present invention preferably has a refractive index (nD) measured with a sodium D line of 1.72 or more, more preferably 1.73 or more, and further preferably 1.74 or more. It is preferably 1.75 or more, and particularly preferably 1.75 or more.
- nD refractive index measured with a sodium D line of 1.72 or more, more preferably 1.73 or more, and further preferably 1.74 or more. It is preferably 1.75 or more, and particularly preferably 1.75 or more.
- 2,5-bis(mercaptomethyl) -1,4-dithiane is 4,8-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane, 4,7-dimercaptomethyl-1
- Polythiols containing 11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane and 5,7-dimercaptomethyl-1,11-dimercapto-3,6,9-trithiundecane as main components are disclosed in WO2007/129450.
- 4-benzoyl-4′-methyldiphenyl sulfide was obtained from DKSH Japan under the product name Lunacure BMS and used as it was.
- Sulfur was obtained from Hosoi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. and used as it was.
- UV-LED light irradiation device 365 Fluorescence-Emitting Diode (Foseon Technology Japan Co., Ltd., peak wavelength 365 nm, light intensity 600 mW / cm 2
- UV-LED light irradiation device 385 Fluorescence-Emitting Diode (Foseon Technology Japan Co., Ltd., peak wavelength 385 nm, light intensity 600 mW/cm 2
- UV-LED light irradiation device 395 CCS Corporation, peak wavelength 395 nm, light intensity 720 mW/cm 2
- UV-LED light irradiation device 405 manufactured by CCS Co., Ltd., peak wavelength 405 nm, light intensity 720 mW/cm 2 ) was used.
- UV-LED light irradiation device 315 purchased LEDs with a peak wavelength of 315 nm (THORLABS, LED 315W) were arranged on a substrate and used as a UV irradiation device by passing a direct current.
- the curing speed of the photocurable composition was obtained by sandwiching the photocurable composition between two slide glasses (S9213 manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industry Co., Ltd.) to a thickness of 400 to 500 ⁇ m and irradiating with a UV-LED light irradiation device.
- the irradiation time required to reduce the unreacted monomer to less than 5% was evaluated.
- the amount of unreacted monomer was calculated from the peak area at a wave number of 610 cm ⁇ 1 in the spectrum obtained with an FT/IR measurement device (FT/IR-4200, manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- the curing speed was evaluated as "A” when the irradiation time was less than 1 minute, as “B” when the irradiation time was 1 minute or more and less than 3 minutes, and as “C” when the irradiation time was 3 minutes or more.
- the refractive index (nD) of the cured product was measured at the sodium D line using an Abbe refractometer ("NAR-4T" manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.).
- a cured product for measurement was prepared by sandwiching the photocurable composition with a spacer between two slide glasses to a thickness of 400 to 500 ⁇ m and irradiating it with a UV-LED light irradiation device for 5 minutes.
- the measurement temperature was 20°C.
- compound g-1 0.5 parts by mass of (hereinafter referred to as compound g-1) was added and stirred at 30° C. to form a uniform liquid. This was filtered through a PTFE filter with a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a photocurable composition. This was sandwiched between two opposing glass plates with a spacer of 0.50 mm in between, and cured by irradiation with a UV-LED light irradiation device 365, and the glass plate was removed to obtain a resin cured product. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 2 5.3 parts by mass of the a-1 compound as sulfur, 94.7 parts by mass of the b-1 compound as the episulfide compound, and 4,8-bis(mercaptomethyl) as the thiol compound (e) for a total of 100 parts by mass.
- Example 3 A photocurable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 and evaluated. A resin cured product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the curing conditions shown in Table 1 were used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 4 12.6 parts by mass of the a-1 compound as sulfur, 87.4 parts by mass of the b-1 compound as the episulfide compound, and a total of 100 parts by mass of these, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl- 10 ppm of 4-piperidyl methacrylate (hereinafter referred to as LA-82) was added and stirred at 60° C. for 5 hours to dissolve the a-1 compound and the b-1 compound to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
- LA-82 4-piperidyl methacrylate
- composition liquid is cooled to 30° C., and 0.5 parts by mass of the c-1 compound as a photopolymerization initiator and g- 0.5 parts by mass of Compound 1 and 5.3 parts by mass of e-1 compound as a thiol compound were added and stirred at 30° C. to form a uniform liquid.
- This was filtered through a PTFE filter with a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a photocurable composition.
- This was sandwiched between two opposing glass plates with a spacer of 0.50 mm in between, and cured by irradiation with a UV-LED light irradiation device 365, and the glass plate was removed to obtain a resin cured product.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 5 A photocurable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 and evaluated. A resin cured product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the curing conditions shown in Table 1 were used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 7 10.8 parts by mass of the a-1 compound as sulfur, 89.2 parts by mass of the b-1 compound as the episulfide compound, and a total of 100 parts by mass of these, the cyclic compound 1,2,3,5,6-pentathiepane compound as the main 24.8 parts by weight of polythiol (hereinafter referred to as d-1 compound) as a component, 0.5 parts by weight of c-1 compound as a photopolymerization initiator, 0.5 parts by weight of g-1 compound as a sensitizer, thiol compound Then, 10.0 parts by mass of compound e-1 was added and stirred at 30° C. to form a uniform liquid.
- d-1 compound polythiol
- Example 8 10.8 parts by mass of the a-1 compound as sulfur, 89.2 parts by mass of the b-1 compound as the episulfide compound, and a total of 100 parts by mass of these, the cyclic compound 1,2,3,5,6-pentathiepane compound as the main 24.8 parts by mass of polythiol (hereinafter referred to as d-1 compound) as a component and 1.0 ppm of LA-82 as a preliminary reaction catalyst are added, and stirred at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to form a-1 compound and b-1 compound. and d-1 compound were dissolved to form a homogeneous solution.
- d-1 compound polythiol
- composition liquid is cooled to 30° C., and 0.5 parts by mass of the c-1 compound as a photopolymerization initiator and g- 0.5 parts by mass of Compound 1 and 10.0 parts by mass of e-1 compound as a thiol compound were added and stirred at 30° C. to form a uniform liquid.
- This was filtered through a PTFE filter with a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m to obtain a photocurable composition.
- This was sandwiched between two opposing glass plates with a spacer of 0.50 mm in between, and cured by irradiation with a UV-LED light irradiation device 385, and the glass plate was removed to obtain a resin cured product.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 9 A photocurable composition was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the composition ratio shown in Table 1 was used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 10 A photocurable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9 and evaluated. A resin cured product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the curing conditions shown in Table 1 were used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 12 and 13 A photocurable composition was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the compounds and composition ratios shown in Table 1 were used. A resin cured product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the curing conditions shown in Table 1 were used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
- Example 14 A photocurable composition was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the composition ratio shown in Table 1 was used.
- a resin cured product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the curing conditions shown in Table 1 were used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
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Abstract
Description
エピスルフィド化合物を使用した組成物の硬化方法は、ほとんどが熱硬化であるため用途に大きな制約がある。また、生産性を向上させるためにも光硬化可能な組成物が強く望まれている。例えば、ランタンガラスあるいはサファイアガラスなどの屈折率1.73を超える透明基板上へ光学機能を付与するため、1.73を超える屈折率でかつ微細構造付形可能な光硬化性組成物が望まれている。
より高屈折率な樹脂硬化物を得る方法として、硫黄とエピスルフィド化合物を共重合させる手法が知られている。特許文献5では硫黄を含有させたエピスルフィド化合物を熱硬化させることで、屈折率1.73を超える透明樹脂が得られることが報告されている。しかしながら、硫黄を高屈折率な光硬化組成物に使用する事は一般的に困難であった。硫黄はその強いUV吸収により光硬化を阻害するためである。特許文献6では硫黄の使用を避け、UV吸収の小さい環状ポリスルフィド化合物を代替利用することで高屈折率な光硬化組成物が得られることが報告されているが、屈折率は特許文献5で得られる樹脂よりも劣る。
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。
[3] 前記硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して、チオール化合物(e)を0.1~20質量部含有する、[1]または[2]に記載の光硬化性組成物。
[4] 前記チオール化合物(e)が、下記式(3)~(5)で表される化合物群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の多官能チオールである[3]に記載の光硬化性組成物。
[5] 前記硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して、酸性化合物(f)を0.001~1質量部含有する、[1]から[4]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[6] 前記式(2)中、XがSである[2]から[5]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[7] 前記環状化合物(d)が、1,2-ジチエタン、トリチエタン、1,2-ジチオラン、1,2,3-トリチオラン、1,2,4-トリチオラン、テトラチオラン、1,2-ジチアン、1,2,3-トリチアン、1,2,4-トリチアン、1,3,5-トリチアン、1,2,3,4-テトラチアン、1,2,4,5-テトラチアン、ペンタチアン、1,2,3-トリチエパン、1,2,4-トリチエパン、1,2,5-トリチエパン、1,2,3,4-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,6-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,4,5-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,4,6-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパン、及びヘキサチエパンからなる群より選択される1種以上である[2]から[6]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[8] 前記光重合開始剤(c)を硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して0.1~10質量部含有する[1]から[7]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[9] 前記光重合開始剤(c)が光塩基発生剤である、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[10] 前記エピスルフィド化合物(b)が、下記式(6)で表される構造を有する[1]から[9]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
[11] アミン化合物で硫黄の一部または全部を反応させてなる、[1]から[10]のいずれかに記載の光硬化組成物。
[12] [1]から[11]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物を、波長360nm以上の光を用いて光硬化させてなる硬化物。
[13] ナトリウムD線で測定した屈折率が1.72以上である、[12]に記載の硬化物。
[14] [13]に記載の硬化物を含む光学材料。
[15] [1]から[11]のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物に対し、波長360nm以上の光を用いて光硬化させて硬化物を得る工程を含む、硬化物の製造方法。
以下、本発明に用いる原料である硫黄(a)、エピスルフィド化合物(b)、光重合開始剤(c)及び光硬化性組成物として添加することができる化合物について詳細に説明する。
以下、エピスルフィド化合物(b)の具体例として鎖状脂肪族骨格、脂肪族環状骨格、芳香族骨格を有する化合物に分けて列挙するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
光硬化性組成物中の光重合開始剤(c)の割合は、硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対し好ましくは0.1~10質量部であり、より好ましくは0.1~3.0質量部であり、特に好ましくは0.2~1.0質量部である。光重合開始剤(c)が0.1質量部より少ない場合は光硬化性が低くなり、10質量部を超える場合は硬化物の屈折率が大きく低下することがある。
a~fは、入手性、屈折率、光活性への低阻害性の観点から好ましくは、8≧(a+c+e)≧1、7≧(b+d+f)≧2であり、より好ましくは5≧(a+c+e)≧1、7≧(b+d+f)≧2である。更に好ましいものは、(b+d+f)≧(a+c+e)の関係も満たす。
また、高屈折率を得るために、環状化合物(d)中のS、Se及びTeの合計が、50質量%以上であることが好ましい。
ジチイラン、1,2-ジチエタン、1,3-ジチエタン、トリチエタン、1,2-ジチオラン、1,3-ジチオラン、1,2,3-トリチオラン、1,2,4-トリチオラン、テトラチオラン、1,2-ジチアン、1,3-ジチアン、1,4-ジチアン、1,2,3-トリチアン、1,2,4-トリチアン、1,3,5-トリチアン、1,2,3,4-テトラチアン、1,2,4,5-テトラチアン、ビス(1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパノ)メタン、トリス(1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパノ)メタン、1,2-ジチエパン、1,3-ジチエパン、1,4-ジチエパン、1,2,3-トリチエパン、1,2,4-トリチエパン、1,2,5-トリチエパン、1,3,5-トリチエパン、1,2,3,4-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,6-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,4,5-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,4,6-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパン、ヘキサチエパン、ジセレシクロブタン、トリセレシクロブタン、ジセレシクロペンタン、トリセレシクロペンタン、テトラセレシクロペンタン、ジセレシクロヘキサン、トリセレシクロヘキサン、テトラセレシクロヘキサン、ペンタセレシクロヘキサン、ジセレシクロヘプタン、トリセレシクロヘプタン、テトラセレシクロヘプタン、ペンタセレシクロヘプタン、ヘキサセレシクロヘプタン、ジテルロシクロブタン、トリテルロシクロブタン、ジテルロシクロペンタン、トリテルロシクロペンタン、テトラテルロシクロペンタン、ジテルロシクロヘキサン、トリテルロシクロヘキサン、テトラテルロシクロヘキサン、ペンタテルロシクロヘキサン、ジテルロシクロヘプタン、トリテルロシクロヘプタン、テトラテルロシクロヘプタン、ペンタテルロシクロヘプタン、ヘキサテルロシクロヘプタン及びこれらの環状骨格構造を有する誘導体(水素原子のかわりに種々の置換基に変換された化合物)が挙げられる。
合成法の一例としては、N. Takeda等,Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,68,2757(1995)、F.Feherら,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,7,301(1968)、G.W.Kutneyら,Can.J.Chem,58,1233(1980)が挙げられる。
式(4)で表される化合物の例としては、2,5-ジメルカプト-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ジメルカプトメチル-1,4-ジチアン、2,5-ジメルカプトエチル-1,4-ジチアン等が挙げられる。
式(5)で表される化合物の例としては、1,5-ジメルカプト-3-チアペンタン、2-メルカプトメチル-1,5-ジメルカプト-3-チアペンタン、2,4-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,5-ジメルカプト-3-チアペンタン、4-メルカプトメチル-1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジチアオクタン、4,8-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、5,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン等が挙げられる。
プロトン酸としては、組成液への溶解性の観点から、特にスルホン酸基、カルボン酸基、もしくはリン酸基を持つ有機酸が好ましい。特に好ましい化合物の具体例は、メタンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、カンファースルホン酸、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、安息香酸、フタル酸、しゅう酸、リン酸エチル、リン酸ジエチル、リン酸ブチル、リン酸ジブチル、リン酸エチル、リン酸ジエチル、リン酸ブトキシエチル、リン酸ジブトキシエチルである。
ルイス酸として好ましい化合物の具体例は、ジブチルスズジクロライド、ブチルスズトリクロライド、ジオクチルスズジクロライド、オクチルスズトリクロライド、ジブチルジクロロゲルマニウム、ブチルトリクロロゲルマニウム、ジフェニルジクロロゲルマニウム、フェニルトリクロロゲルマニウム、トリフェニルアンチモンジクロライドであり、特に好ましい化合物は、ジブチルスズジクロライドである。酸性化合物(f)は、単独でも、2種類以上を混合して使用しても良い。
好ましい増感剤(g)は、置換または非置換のベンゾフェノン、チオキサントン、アントラキノンなどの芳香族ケトンまたはオキサジン、アクリジン、フェナジン及びローダミンなどの染料、及びフルオレン、フルオレノン、ナフタレンなどの共役複素環をもつ化合物である。特に好ましくは、置換または非置換のベンゾフェノン、チオキサントン、及びフルオレンである。
具体的には、ベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ビス-(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ビス(エチルメチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジフェニルベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジフェノキシベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ビス(p-イソプロピルフェノキシ)ベンゾフェノン、4-メチルベンゾフェノン、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾフェノン、4-フェニルベンゾフェノン、2-メトキシカルボニルベンゾフェノン、4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルスルフィド、4-メトキシ-3,3’-メチルベンゾフェノン、イソプロピルチオキサントン、クロロチオキサントン、1-クロロ-4-プロポキシチオキサントン、2-(トリフルオロメチル) チオキサントン、2,4-ジメチルチオキサントン、2,4-ジエチルチオキサントン、1,3-ジメチル-2-(2-エチルヘキシルオキシ)チオキサントン、フルオレン、9,9-ジメチルフルオレン、9,9-ビス[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]フルオレンが挙げられ、これらは単独でも2種類以上を混合して使用してもかまわない。
増感剤(g)の使用量は、硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して0.05~10質量部が好ましく、より好ましくは0.05~3質量部であり、最も好ましくは0.1~1質量部である。
また、光硬化性組成物の表面をポリプロピレンフィルム等の透明なフィルムで被覆して露光を行う方法や光硬化性組成物をガラス等で構成される透明なモールド内に密封注入して露光を行う方法も挙げられる。
なお、実施例中において、1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパンは文献(H.C.Hansenら,Tetrahedron,41,5145(1985))記載の方法に準じて、ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィドは特許第3491660号公報に記載の方法に準じて、1,2,6,7-テトラメルカプト-4-チアヘプタンは特許第4645979号公報に準じて、2,5-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,4-ジチアンは特許第2895987号公報に準じて、4,8-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、及び5,7-ジメルカプトメチル-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンを主成分とするポリチオールはWO2007/129450号公報に準じてそれぞれ合成した。テトラブチルアンモニウム=ブチルトリ(1-ナフチル)ボラートは昭和電工株式会社より入手し、そのまま用いた。4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルスルフィドは、DKSHジャパン社より製品名Lunacure BMSを入手し、そのまま用いた。硫黄は細井化学工業株式会社から入手し、そのまま用いた。
光硬化性組成物に露光を行う際の光源にはUV-LED光照射装置365(フォセオン テクノロジー ジャパン株式会社製、ピーク波長365nm、光強度600mW/cm2)、UV-LED光照射装置385(フォセオン テクノロジー ジャパン株式会社製、ピーク波長385nm、光強度600mW/cm2)、UV-LED光照射装置395(シーシーエス株式会社製、ピーク波長395nm、光強度720mW/cm2)、及びUV-LED光照射装置405(シーシーエス株式会社製、ピーク波長405nm、光強度720mW/cm2)を使用した。UV-LED光照射装置315に関しては、購入したピーク波長315nmのLED(THORLABS、LED315W) を基盤に配列、直流電流を流し、UV照射器として使用した。
光硬化性組成物の硬化速度は、光硬化性組成物を2枚のスライドガラス(松浪硝子工業株式会社製S9213)で挟み厚さ400~500μmとして、UV-LED光照射装置で照射した際、未反応モノマーを5%未満にするために要する照射時間で評価した。未反応モノマー量はFT/IR測定装置(JASCO Corporation製、FT/IR-4200)で得られたスペクトルの、波数610cm-1のピーク面積から算出した。照射時間が1分未満は硬化速度「A」、1分以上3分未満は「B」、3分以上は「C」として評価した。
硬化物の屈折率(nD)は、アッベ屈折計(アタゴ社製「NAR-4T」)を用いて、ナトリウムD線での値を測定した。測定用の硬化物は、光硬化性組成物をスペーサーとともに2枚のスライドガラスで挟み厚さ400~500μmとして、UV-LED光照射装置で5分間光照射して作製した。測定温度は20℃とした。
硫黄(a)として、硫黄を5質量部(以下、a-1化合物)、エピスルフィド化合物(b)としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド95質量部(以下、b-1化合物)、これらの合計100質量部に対し、光重合開始剤としてテトラブチルアンモニウム=ブチルトリ(1-ナフチル)ボラート(以下、c-1化合物)0.5質量部、増感剤として4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルスルフィド(以下、g-1化合物)0.5質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置365で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
硫黄としてa-1化合物5.3質量部、エピスルフィド化合物としてb-1化合物94.7質量部、これらの合計100質量部に対し、チオール化合物(e)として、4,8-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、及び5,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンの混合物(以下、e-1化合物)5.3質量部、光重合開始剤としてテトラブチルアンモニウム=ブチルトリ(1-ナフチル)ボラート(以下、c-1化合物)0.5質量部、増感剤として4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルスルフィド(以下、g-1化合物)0.5質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置365で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例2と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。表1に示す硬化条件とする以外は実施例2と同様の方法で樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
硫黄としてa-1化合物12.6質量部、エピスルフィド化合物としてb-1化合物87.4質量部、これらの合計100質量部に対し、予備反応触媒として1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジルメタクリレイト(以下、LA-82)を10ppm投入し、60℃で5時間攪拌してa-1化合物とb-1化合物を溶解させ均一液とした。その後、この組成液を30℃まで冷却し、a-1化合物とb-1化合物の合計100質量部に対し、光重合開始剤としてc-1化合物0.5質量部、増感剤としてg-1化合物0.5質量部、チオール化合物としてe-1化合物5.3質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置365で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例4と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。表1に示す硬化条件とする以外は実施例4と同様の方法で樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
硫黄としてa-1化合物10.8質量部、エピスルフィド化合物としてb-1化合物89.2質量部、これらの合計100質量部に対し、環状化合物1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパン化合物を主成分とするポリチオール(以下、d-1化合物)を24.8質量部、光重合開始剤としてc-1化合物0.5質量部、増感剤としてg-1化合物0.5質量部、チオール化合物としてe-1化合物10.0質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置385で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
硫黄としてa-1化合物10.8質量部、エピスルフィド化合物としてb-1化合物89.2質量部、これらの合計100質量部に対し、環状化合物1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパン化合物を主成分とするポリチオール(以下、d-1化合物)を24.8質量部、予備反応触媒としてLA-82を1.0ppm投入し、60℃で5時間攪拌してa-1化合物とb-1化合物とd-1化合物を溶解させ均一液とした。その後、この組成液を30℃まで冷却し、a-1化合物とb-1化合物の合計100質量部に対し、光重合開始剤としてc-1化合物0.5質量部、増感剤としてg-1化合物0.5質量部、チオール化合物としてe-1化合物10.0質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置385で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
表1に示す組成比とする以外は、実施例8と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例9と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。表1に示す硬化条件とする以外は実施例8と同様の方法で樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
表1に示す化合物及び組成比とする以外は、実施例8と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。表1に示す硬化条件とする以外は実施例8と同様の方法で樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
表1に示す組成比とする以外は、実施例8と同様の方法で光硬化性組成物を作製し、評価した。表1に示す硬化条件とする以外は実施例8と同様の方法で樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
硫黄としてa-1化合物5.0質量部、エピスルフィド化合物としてb-1化合物95質量部、これらの合計100質量部に対し、チオール化合物(e)としてe-1化合物5.0質量部、光重合開始剤としてc-1化合物0.5質量部、増感剤としてg-1化合物0.5質量部を加えて30℃で撹拌し、均一液とした。これを孔径0.45μmのPTFEフィルターで濾過して光硬化性組成物を得た。これを厚さ0.50mmのスペーサーを介して対向させた2枚のガラス板で挟み、UV-LED光照射装置315で光照射して硬化させ、ガラス板を取り除いて樹脂硬化物を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
b-1:ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド
c-1:テトラブチルアンモニウム=ブチルトリ(1-ナフチル)ボラート
d-1:1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパンを主成分とするポリチオール
e-1:4,8-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、4,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカン、及び5,7-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,11-ジメルカプト-3,6,9-トリチアウンデカンの混合物
e-2:2,5-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,4-チジアン
e-3:1,2,6,7-テトラメルカプト-4-チアヘプタン
g-1:4-ベンゾイル-4’-メチルジフェニルスルフィド
Claims (15)
- 前記硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して、チオール化合物(e)を0.1~20質量部含有する、請求項1または2に記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 前記硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して、酸性化合物(f)を0.001~1質量部含有する、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 前記式(2)中、XがSである請求項2から5のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 前記環状化合物(d)が、1,2-ジチエタン、トリチエタン、1,2-ジチオラン、1,2,3-トリチオラン、1,2,4-トリチオラン、テトラチオラン、1,2-ジチアン、1,2,3-トリチアン、1,2,4-トリチアン、1,3,5-トリチアン、1,2,3,4-テトラチアン、1,2,4,5-テトラチアン、ペンタチアン、1,2,3-トリチエパン、1,2,4-トリチエパン、1,2,5-トリチエパン、1,2,3,4-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,5-テトラチエパン、1,2,4,6-テトラチエパン、1,2,3,4,5-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,4,6-ペンタチエパン、1,2,3,5,6-ペンタチエパン、及びヘキサチエパンからなる群より選択される1種以上である請求項2から6のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 前記光重合開始剤(c)を硫黄(a)及びエピスルフィド化合物(b)の合計100質量部に対して0.1~10質量部の含有する請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 前記光重合開始剤(c)が光塩基発生剤である、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- アミン化合物で硫黄の一部または全部を反応させてなる、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物を、波長360nm以上の光を用いて光硬化させてなる硬化物。
- ナトリウムD線で測定した屈折率が1.72以上である、請求項12に記載の硬化物。
- 請求項13に記載の硬化物を含む光学材料。
- 請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の光硬化性組成物に対し、波長360nm以上の光を用いて光硬化させて硬化物を得る工程を含む、硬化物の製造方法。
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| TW202237706A (zh) | 2022-10-01 |
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