WO2022034051A1 - Interlacing jet for producing yarns with nodes and method for interlacing yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an interlacing jet (100) for producing yarns with nodes, interlaced yarns, DTY or flat yarns with nodes. The interlacing jet (100) comprises a yarn channel (1) with a air spin chamber (2). The air spin chamber (2) comprises an in-flow opening (4) for introducing air into the air spin chamber (2). A channel axis (M) extends in a thread guiding direction (F). The yarn channel (1) comprises a channel width (21) transverse to the channel axis (M). The air spin chamber (2) comprises a chamber length (29) in the thread guiding direction (F) and a chamber extension (28) transverse to said length. The chamber length (29) is at least 180% of the chamber extension (28), preferably at least 200% of the chamber extension (28), and the chamber length (29) is preferably at least 1.5 mm longer than the chamber extension (28).

Description

Entanglement jet for the manufacture of yarns with knots and method of entangling yarn

The invention relates to an entanglement jet for the production of knotted yarns, entangled yarns, DTY or flat yarns with nodes, and a method for entangling yarns, having the features of the preamble of the independent claims.

Various nozzle devices are known from the prior art. Nozzle devices are commonly used for directing, accelerating, and precisely applying fluids. In the present case, fluids mean both gases and liquids. Jet devices are used in textile machines, among other things, to connect, structure or treat yarns. The shape of the chamber in which the yarn treatment is carried out is decisive for achieving the desired result and the amount of fluid required for this.

In known so-called swirl nozzles, the treatment chamber usually includes an air swirl chamber into which the fluid flow is introduced and swirled. In order to achieve sufficient turbulence, high speeds are required. This is achieved by injecting high pressure air into the chamber.

Interlacing nozzles are used to treat all types of threads, yarns, cables or similar materials. These can consist of artificial fibers (plastics such as PE, PP, etc.). However, they can also consist of natural fibers (cotton, wool, bast, etc.) or mixed fibres. The term "yarn" is used herein for all of these types of materials. Essentially, entanglement jets serve to entangle man-made fiber yarns. Swirling has several advantages. In this way, package build-up, unwinding properties, process running properties or running properties in further processing are improved. Filament breaks are prevented. On pushed filaments or fluff can be bound. In addition, the size application can be reduced or weaving without sizing can be made possible. Twisting/twisting can be substituted. Swirling also makes it possible to join different yarns with different properties or to create fancy yarns.

A nozzle device is known from US Pat. No. 5,809,761, which comprises a splicing chamber with two lateral chamber areas. With this nozzle the yarns do not move. It is not suitable for turbulence.

It is an object of the invention to eliminate these and other disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a nozzle device is to be provided which has a high level of efficiency and ensures reliable yarn treatment. In particular, the invention should make it possible to achieve a desired knot strength and/or knot number of a yarn with the lowest possible air pressure and air quantity and correspondingly low energy requirements.

These objects are achieved by an intermingling jet for the production of knotted yarns, intermingled yarn of DTY or smooth yarns with knots and a method for intermingling yarn according to the characterizing part of the independent claims. The intermingling nozzle according to the invention comprises a yarn channel with an air twist chamber. The air swirl chamber has an injection opening for introducing air into the air swirl chamber. A channel axis extends in a thread guiding direction. The yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air twist chamber has a chamber length in the thread guiding direction and a chamber extent transverse to this length. The chamber length is at least 180% of the chamber extent, preferably at least 200%.

Surprisingly, it was found that the number and/or quality of nodes can be controlled by the targeted selection of the shape and dimension of the chamber.

Typically, as described below, the chamber length, the shape or proportions of the cross section of an injection opening, the chamber extent or the angle of chamber walls in relation to the wall of the yarn channel can be specifically adjusted individually or in combination with one another in order to set a desired number of knots and/or quality .

For example, a chamber length (related to the chamber extent) of between 210% and 230%, in particular about 220%, leads to the formation of fewer but more stable nodes. A length of between 320% and 340%, especially about 330% leads to many but less stable knots. . The chamber length is preferably at least 1 . 5mm longer than chamber extension. A further aspect of the invention therefore relates to a method for adjusting the number and/or quality of nodes, in which the shape and dimensions of the chamber are specifically selected to define the number of nodes and/or quality. In particular, a chamber length is related to the chamber extent chosen , using a shorter length to form fewer but more stable knots and a greater length is chosen to form more but less stable knots. In any case, the lengths are more than 180% of the extent of the chamber and are preferably selected in each case as described above.

The air flow vectors (flow direction and strength of the air flow) within the air swirl chamber are decisive for the number and strength of nodes in conjunction with the tradition. Tradition states how much more length of yarn is fed into the nozzle than comes out of the nozzle. This excess is used to form knots. Different components of the air flow vectors lead to different effects when treating yarn in intermingling jets: are directed in the opposite direction to this, affect the thread feed and thread tension. Components of the air flow vectors that are transverse to these directions entangle the yarn and are thus essential for knot formation. The inventors have come to the realization that, in order to achieve optimal treatment, the air flow in the air twist chamber should be directed in such a way that the air flow has more transverse components than components in the yarn guiding direction or Having the opposite direction to the thread guiding direction. Outside the air twist chamber, on the other hand, the air flow vectors should have more components in the thread guiding direction in order to ensure sufficient thread transport. The air flow vectors can be influenced by the geometry of the air twist chamber, the yarn channel and the injection opening.

In order to achieve a sufficient number and strength of knots as well as sufficient thread tension and guidance, high air pressures and quantities were necessary with conventional interlacing jets. Through an inventively optimized steering of the air Due to the flow through the geometry, the proportions of the air flow vectors in the thread guiding direction and in the transverse direction are optimized in such a way that the amount of air and the air pressure can be reduced without any loss of quality, and energy can thus be saved.

It could be shown that a ratio of a chamber length of the air swirl chamber to a chamber extension across the chamber length of at least 1 . 8 directs the air flow within the air twist chamber over a longer area transversely to the yarn feed direction, so that lower air pressures and air quantities are required to ensure sufficient intermingling of the yarn. The air flow introduced through the injection opening is guided through such an intermingling nozzle in such a way that the amount of fluid introduced can be reduced by up to 20% and the yarn still has the required number of knots and knot strength after the treatment.

In particular, the chamber length can be 180%, 200%, 218%, 228%, 330% of the chamber extent, preferably with a chamber extent of 1 . 5mm, 2mm, 3mm or 3 . 5mm . Concrete values can e.g. B. 1 . 75mm, 2nd 67mm, 2 . 94mm or 3 . 08mm . amount . The chamber length is preferably at least 35% of the total nozzle length. The total nozzle length consists of the length of the yarn channel and the length of the chamber.

The chamber extent is understood here to mean the maximum extent of the air twist chamber in a transverse direction transverse to the thread guiding direction and to an air twist chamber depth.

The air swirl chamber can comprise two chamber areas directly following one another, with the chamber length being composed of the lengths of the chamber areas. The air swirl chamber can include only one chamber area, the chamber walls of which are rounded. The radius of curvature of the chamber walls can increase in the thread guiding direction up to the middle of the air twist chamber and then decrease again.

However, the air twist chamber can also comprise two air twist chamber areas, the walls being rounded in the direction of yarn feed and the rounding of the first area in the direction of yarn feed having a larger radius than that of the second area. The walls of the areas preferably merge into one another without a kink.

The air twist chamber areas may have a cross-section in a plane along the channel axis of the yarn channel and in the transverse direction that is substantially teardrop-shaped, such that the chamber areas have round sections and straight sections. The straight sections are in the yarn feed direction or Arranged running towards each other in the opposite direction.

The injection opening is preferably arranged in the swirl nozzle in such a way that the air flow enters the air swirl chamber at an angle greater than or less than 90° to the channel axis. The injection opening is preferably arranged in such a way that the air flow enters the air swirl chamber in an area with a smaller extent than the chamber extent.

The chamber extent is preferably 15-45% of the channel width, preferably 15% and 35%, and the chamber extent is preferably at most 5 mm, preferably at most 3 mm wider than the channel width. With a chamber length of 330% of the chamber expansion for the formation of many nodes, the chamber expansion is less large. Typically it is close to 15% related to the channel width. To create fewer but more stable knots th a larger chamber extension is selected, z. B. 35% related to the channel width.

This improves the flow of air from the chamber into the yarn channel. The chamber extent can preferably be between 1 . 75mm and 17mm are .

The chamber length is preferably at most 350% of the channel width and is in particular at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, greater than the channel width.

The air twist chamber preferably has chamber walls , which have at least one wall segment that is rounded in the direction of yarn feed, in particular with a radius between 0 . 3 mm and 6 mm, preferably between 0 . 5mm and 2mm .

The chamber is preferably convexly rounded. The chamber walls preferably additionally comprise straight wall segments.

This makes it possible for the air to be guided in a specific direction.

The chamber wall preferably widens, starting from a channel wall, as viewed in the thread-guiding direction. In particular, the chamber wall can widen at an angle of at most 5° in relation to the thread guiding direction and the channel wall.

A first chamber area is preferably arranged first in the thread guiding direction and a second chamber area immediately follows the first chamber area in the thread guiding direction. At the transition from the first chamber area to the second chamber area, the chamber has a constriction, so that the chamber expansion in the first and second chamber area is greater than the chamber expansion at the transition.

This allows the air flow to be separated. Due to the specific separation of the air mass, the amount of air per chamber area can be controlled in addition to the injection angle.

The air swirl chamber can also include more than two chamber areas, each of which is separated from one another by constrictions. The air swirl chamber can include other structures for directing the air flow, such as surface structures, ribs, edges, narrowings or widenings. The air swirl chamber may include coatings to swirl air.

The first chamber area can have a first chamber depth transverse to the chamber length and to the chamber extent and the second chamber area can have a second chamber depth transverse to the chamber length and to the chamber extent, it being possible for the chamber depths to be different.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the intermingling nozzle has a yarn channel with an air twist chamber. The air swirl chamber has an injection opening for introducing air into the air swirl chamber. A channel axis extends in a thread guiding direction. According to the invention, the injection opening has a cross section with at least one round section and at least one air guiding section, the air guiding section being straight or having a radius of curvature that is at least 10 times greater than the radius of curvature of the round section.

The cross-sectional geometry of the injection opening has a direct influence on the quality of the turbulence and on the vectors of the flow direction. The air line section or sections is/are preferably not arranged parallel to the channel axis. In an intermingling nozzle, the air currents in the transverse direction are decisive for the intermingling of the yarn. If the air is directed more in the transverse direction, the yarn is more turbulent and more and stronger knots are formed.

The blow-in opening preferably comprises exactly four straight air line sections in cross section, which are arranged essentially in the shape of a rhombus and are preferably connected to one another with rounded corners, which form the round sections. A first line of symmetry of the diamond shape is preferably arranged parallel to and preferably coincident with the channel axis, so that a first corner of the diamond shape points in the direction of the thread feed and a second corner in the opposite direction to the thread feed direction, and a third and a fourth corner in a common plane perpendicular to the first Line of symmetry are arranged pioneering.

In this way, the air flow is simply directed as it is being blown in. The cross-sectional shape can alternatively be triangular or polygonal, with the corners each being rounded off. The shape preferably includes an even number of rounded corners, with the cross-sectional shape being arranged in the air twist chamber in such a way that the corners lead to this both in the thread guiding direction and in the opposite direction.

The cross-sectional shape can also be trapezoidal or kite-shaped.

It has been shown that the choice of cross-section shape influences the number of nodes and the stability of the nodes. that can . A diamond-shaped blowing opening leads to fewer but more stable knots. A kite-shaped blowing hole results in more but less stable knots.

The corners of the diamond shape are preferably rounded.

The blow-in opening preferably comprises a cross section with an opening length in the direction of thread feed and an opening width transverse to the opening length. The opening length and the opening width are different, in particular a ratio between the opening length and the opening width between 1 . 0 and 1 . 5 is . A smaller ratio, typically 1. 0 , used to create many nodes .

The rhombus thus encompasses angles between the sides which are greater or less than 90°. Preferably, the curves of the blunt corners comprise a different radius than the curves of the acute angle corners.

Alternatively, the injection opening can also be at least approximately oval in cross section.

The targeted selection of opening width and length allows the air volume to be directed in a specific direction: if the opening length is greater than the opening width, the angle at which the air flows into the chamber with the greatest speed changes. The air flow can be directed in this way.

The length of the opening is preferably smaller than the width of the opening, with the first and second corners of the diamond shape preferably being rounded off with a larger radius than the third and fourth corners. Alternatively, the opening width can be smaller than the opening length, with the third and fourth corners of the diamond shape preferably being rounded off to a larger radius than the first and second corners.

Depending on the yarns to be treated, this targeted selection of the opening allows a precise adjustment of the air flow and air volume and thus the air speed.

A further aspect of the invention relates to an intermingling nozzle with a yarn channel with an air twist chamber, which has an injection opening for introducing air into the air twist chamber. The intermingling nozzle is in particular an intermingling nozzle as described above. A channel axis extends in a thread guiding direction. The yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air twist chamber has a chamber length in the thread guiding direction and a chamber extent transverse to this length. The air twist chamber and/or the injection opening are designed and arranged in the yarn channel in such a way that air introduced through the injection opening is guided in a vector which has more transverse components transverse to the channel axis than axial components along the channel axis within the air twist chamber and more outside of the air twist chamber has axial components as transverse components.

In an intermingling nozzle, the air flow, which runs in the transverse direction to the axis of the channel, causes the yarn to become more intermingled and is therefore decisive for the formation of knots in the yarn. The air flow in the axial direction conveys the yarn in the direction of the yarn feed and thus leads to greater yarn tension. Because the air flow in the air twist chamber is guided more transversely than axially, more knots are created in the yarn. If the air outside of the air swirl chamber is also more in Guided in the axial direction, sufficient yarn tension is maintained to ensure a stable process. If the yarn tension is too low, the yarn flutters so much in front of the nozzle that it can tear. Here, transverse components always include both radial and tangential components, since the radial components are decisive for the number of knots and the tangential components for the yarn tension.

The air swirl chamber can be designed in such a way that the air is swirled over an area of at least 40% of the total length of the nozzle. The total nozzle length includes the length of the yarn channel and the chamber length of the air twist chamber.

Preferably, the transverse components include more radial components than tangential components.

The air is thus twisted more, which also causes the yarn to be twisted more, resulting in stronger and more knots.

Alternatively, the transverse components have more tangential components than radial components.

This pulls the yarn out of the nozzle more, creating more yarn tension.

Furthermore, the objects are solved by a method for interlacing yarn. The yarn is guided along a yarn channel axis of a yarn channel of an entanglement jet. Air is introduced into an air swirl chamber and is vectored within the air swirl chamber. The vector inside the air swirl chamber includes more transverse components transverse to the duct axis than axial components along the duct axis, and outside the air swirl chamber more axial components than transverse components. This ensures in a simple way that the yarn achieves a high number of strong knots with low air volume or air pressure.

The invention is described in more detail in the figures. The figures show:

FIG. 1: A top view of a first embodiment of an interlacing nozzle according to the invention for producing a few stable knots

Figure 2: Detail D from Figure 1

Figure 3: A blow-in opening from Figure 1

FIG. 4: A top view of a second embodiment according to the invention of an interlacing nozzle

FIG. 5a-d: Representations of the speeds of the air flow in the case of an injection opening with a circular cross-section and scale of the speeds

Figure 6a-d: Representations of the velocities of the air flow at an injection opening with a diamond-shaped cross-section and scale of the velocities

Figure 7a-d: Representations of the speeds of the air flow in a swirl nozzle according to the prior art with an air swirl chamber with a smaller chamber length than the chamber extent and scale of the speeds FIG. 8a-d: Representations of the speeds of the air flow in a swirl nozzle with an air swirl chamber with a greater chamber length than the chamber extent and scale of the speeds

Figure 9: A juxtaposition of airflow plots from different embodiments of a swirl jet in side view

FIG. 10 A cross-section through an entanglement nozzle along the direction of yarn guidance and

Figures 11a and 11b: Examples of intermingled yarns

FIG. 12 A plan view of a further embodiment of an interlacing nozzle according to the invention for producing knots that are more but less stable

FIG. 13: A blow-in opening from FIG. 12 and

FIGS. 14a and 14b a comparison of the number of knots and knot stability of yarn treated with nozzles according to the invention and with nozzles according to the prior art

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of an interlacing nozzle 100 according to the invention. The shape, size and geometry of the nozzle is designed to create few but stable knots. The intermingling nozzle 100 comprises a nozzle plate 10 with a yarn channel 1 with two channel sections 1a and 1b and an air twist chamber 2 between the sections 1a and 1b. A thread guiding direction F leads along central axes Ma and Mb of the channel sections 1a and 1b. The air swirl chamber 2 comprises two chamber areas 2a and 2b. at the transition Between the first chamber area 2a and the second chamber area 2b there is an injection opening 4 through which an air stream is blown into the air swirl chamber 2 .

Arranged along the thread guiding direction F first is the first channel section 1a, then the first chamber area 2a, the second chamber area 2b and then the second channel section 1b.

An inlet section 3a is arranged at the inlet of the first channel section 1a and an outlet section 3b is arranged at the outlet of the second channel section 1b. The channel section la is shorter than the channel section 1b. Both channel sections have an extent 21 in the direction of the drawing plane of FIG. 7mm . The nozzle plate 10 is constructed substantially in mirror symmetry to a plane through the central axes Ma and Mb and perpendicular to a plate surface.

The nozzle plate 10 includes a base 13 . The base 13 has an outline substantially comprising two straight sides 15a and 15b located opposite one another and two rounded sides 16a and 16b also located opposite one another. The straight sides each have an essentially trapezoidal indentation 14a and 14b, the axes of symmetry of which lie on the central axes Ma and Mb. A bulge 12a and 12b for attaching the nozzle to the holder is arranged on each of the rounded sides. Bulges 12a and 12b have substantially the same radius as rounded sides 16a and 16b. However, the bulges 12a and 12b are shorter than these sides.

The nozzle plate 10 further comprises two circular openings 11 a and 11 b that pass through the nozzle plate 10 . The air swirl chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 of FIG. 69 mm in the thread guiding direction F and a chamber extent 28 of FIG. 32mm . The chamber extent 28 is to be understood as meaning the greatest extent of the air swirl chamber 2 transversely to the chamber length 29 in the plane of the plate. This chamber extension 28 and this chamber length 29 result in a ratio of length and extension of 2 . 02 .

The nozzle plate 10 is connected to a cover plate so that the channel sections 1a and 1b and the air swirl chamber 2 are closed. One or more yarns are introduced into and passed through the air twist chamber 2 while compressed air is applied to the yarn or yarns through the injection port 4 . This creates knots in the yarn or yarns

Since the air swirl chamber 2 is longer relative to the extension, the air is guided more in a transverse direction than in the case of shorter chambers and, in addition, the air is guided over a longer area in this transverse direction.

Air flow vector components perpendicular to the thread direction are responsible for the turbulence and thus for the number and strength of knots. If the yarn is now swirled more and over a longer area, more and firmer knots are formed.

FIG. 2 shows detail D from FIG. The treatment chamber 2 with the two chamber areas 2a and 2b can be seen. The chamber area 2a has a first chamber width 22 transverse to the central axis Ma and the second chamber area 2b has a second chamber width 23 transverse to the central axis Mb. A constriction 5 is arranged between the chamber areas 2a and 2b. That means the

Chamber width 22 of the first chamber area 2a and the chamber width te 23 of the second chamber area 2b are larger than the chamber width 51 between the chamber areas 2a and 2b. The chamber width 23 of the second chamber area 2b is equal to or larger (preferably about 5%) than the chamber width 22 of the first chamber area 2a. The chamber length here is about 200% of the chamber expansion. The chamber areas 2a and 2b have a teardrop-shaped cross section in the plane of the plate with rounded sections and straight sections running towards one another in the direction of thread feed.

This constriction 5 leads to the air flow being separated so that two areas are created in which the air and thus the yarn are swirled differently.

The first chamber area 2a has a first area length 24 parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb, which is equal to or greater than the second area length 25 of the second chamber area 2b parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb. The chamber length 29 of the air swirl chamber 2 consists of the first area length 24 and the second area length 25 and is 5 . 1 mm .

The chamber walls of the chamber areas 2a and 2b each lead away at an angle from the walls of the yarn channel. The chamber walls of the first chamber area 2a have an angle P of about 18° to 20° (specifically 19°) to the walls of the yarn channel, the chamber walls of the second chamber area 2b have an angle S of also 18° to 20°. A smaller angle is used to create many knots (see also FIGS. 12 and 13 below), and a larger angle is used to create fewer but more stable knots. The region lengths 24 and 25 are determined by the chamber extent (i.e. the width of the air swirl chamber) and determines the angle. The widths of the air swirl chambers and/or the angles can be the same or different.

However, other dimensions and geometries are also conceivable. The geometries described above can also be used for nozzle lengths of up to 45 mm with channel widths of up to 12 mm. The radii, e.g. in the yarn channel base, can then be adjusted accordingly.

Figure 3 shows the injection opening 4 from the exemplary embodiment from Figure 1. The chamber areas 2a and 2b of the air swirl chamber 2 (see Figure 1) are arranged directly one after the other, with the air swirl chamber 2 (see Figure 1) at the transition between the chamber regions 2a and 2b has a constriction 5 in width. The injection opening 4 is arranged at the transition between the chamber areas 2a and 2b. A larger part of the cross section of the injection opening 4 leads into the first chamber area 2a.

The injection opening 4 has a cross-sectional shape which is essentially a parallelogram with rounded corners 41-44. The rounded corners 41-44 are rounded sections. The sides of the parallelogram shape are air duct sections 45 which serve to direct the air in a specific direction. The first corner 41 points in the thread guiding direction F, the second corner 42 in the opposite direction to the yarn guiding device, so that the line of symmetry 40 of the parallelogram shape is arranged along the central axes Ma and Mb. The first corner 41 and the second corner 42 are both rounded with a radius of 0.2 mm - 2.5 mm. The third corner 43 and the fourth corner 44 both lie in a plane perpendicular to the central axes Ma and Mb and are both rounded with a radius of 0.3 mm - 3 mm. The angle between the straight sections is about 50° for the pointed one angle and about 130° for the obtuse angle. The injection opening has a width of typically 1 mm-10 mm, preferably about 1.32 mm and a length of 0.8 mm-7 mm, preferably about 0.99 mm and thus a width-to-length ratio of about 1.33:1.

If the blow-in opening has a parallelogram or diamond shape, as shown, the air is increasingly guided in a direction transverse to the thread-guiding direction, with the transverse direction having components in both the tangential and radial directions. The corners 41 and 42, which lie on the line of symmetry in the thread guiding direction, are blunt and the other corners 43 and 44 are pointed. The angle of the corners has an impact on the orientation of the airflow, so depending on whether you want the flow to have more tangential or radial components, the angle can be adjusted.

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a second embodiment according to the invention of an intermingling nozzle 100. The intermingling nozzle 100 of this embodiment has essentially the same nozzle plate 110 as the nozzle plate of the first embodiment. In the following, therefore, only the differences from the first embodiment will be discussed.

The air twist chamber 102 of this embodiment has two chamber areas, with the chamber walls 127a of the first being arranged in the thread guiding direction F, having a rounding in the thread guiding direction with a radius which is larger than the radius of the rounding in the thread guiding direction F of the wall sections 127b of the second chamber area. The radius of curvature of the first wall section 127a can vary. Typically it is about 25mm. The radius of curvature of the second wall section 127b can also vary and can be around 15 mm. The chamber length 129 of the air swirl chamber 102 is 6 in the exemplary embodiment shown here. 85 mm, the chamber extension 128 is 3 mm. The extent 121 of the yarn channel 101 is 2 . 4mm .

The injection opening 104 comprises essentially the same cross-sectional shape of a parallelogram as in FIG. 3 shown with rounded corners.

The injection port 104 is positioned such that the airflow enters the air swirl chamber 102 at an angle of less than 90°.

FIG. 5a shows a nozzle with an injection orifice with a circular cross-section, as is used in swirl nozzles according to the prior art. A simulation was carried out to illustrate the influence of the cross-sectional shape on the air flow, with the simulation in FIGS. 5b-5d (and also 6b-6d) being carried out using an interlacing nozzle with a yarn channel without an air twist chamber.

Such an injection opening, which is known per se, can also be arranged in an air swirl chamber 2 of a swirling nozzle according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 1 or 4.

FIG. 5b shows a scale of the flow speeds shown in FIGS. 5c and 5d.

FIG. 5c shows the velocities of the air flows in a plan view of the nozzle from FIG. 5a. It can be seen that the flow of air with the highest speed 70 in the region 150 is mostly in the direction of yarn feed F or opposite direction flows . Areas 151 with a relatively high speed 71 are mainly located on the walls of the yarn channel and also lead in the direction of yarn feed F or in the opposite direction. Between the walls of the yarn channel in the area 151, however, there are mainly regions with a relatively low speed 72 or low speed 73 in the middle, which lead in the yarn feeding direction F or in the opposite direction.

FIG. 5d shows a side view of the flow speeds of the nozzle from FIG. 5a. The air flow is directed primarily in the region 152 of the injection port into the center of the yarn duct, that is, there is a region 152 of high velocity 70 in the center of the yarn duct in the area of the injection port with transverse components. In the region 153 there are isolated areas of flow vectors with high speed also in the transverse direction in the middle of the yarn channel. However, the high-speed areas also increasingly lead along the wall opposite the entrance opening in the direction of the thread, respectively. in opposite direction .

FIG. 6a shows an injection opening with a diamond-shaped cross section without an air swirl chamber, in order to show the influence of the geometry of the nozzle opening on the air flow.

FIG. 6b shows a scale of the flow velocities.

FIG. 6c shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle in a plan view. This illustration shows that a blow-in opening with a rhombic cross-section has a larger area 160 with a high flow rate 70 than in FIG. whose opposite direction deviates. In addition, FIG. 6c shows that a nozzle with an injection opening with a diamond-shaped moderate cross-section has more areas 161 with a relatively high flow rate 71, which is also guided more in the middle between the walls of the yarn channel than in FIG. 5c.

FIG. 6d shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle from FIG. 6a in a side view. Figure 6d also shows that a nozzle with a diamond-shaped injection orifice has a larger area 163 with a relatively high velocity 71, which is also directed more towards the middle between the channel walls, than in the nozzle shown in Figure 5d.

FIG. 7a shows a nozzle from the prior art with a circular injection opening and an air swirl chamber with a chamber length that is smaller than the chamber extent.

FIG. 7b shows a scale of the flow velocities.

FIG. 7c shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle from FIG. 7a in a plan view. It can be seen that the flow has few high velocity regions 170 where the flows are transverse to the yarn feed direction. There are areas 171 outside the chamber in which the flow has a relatively high speed 71 and primarily in the direction of yarn feed or runs in the opposite direction.

FIG. 7d shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle from FIG. 7a in a side view. The flow here is mainly guided in the transverse direction in the region 172 of the injection opening. In a small area 173 outside the chamber, the flow has a high speed and leads in the direction of the thread, resp. opposite direction . FIG. 8a shows a nozzle according to the invention with an air swirl chamber which has a chamber length which is 2. 5 times greater than the ventricular extent.

FIG. 8b shows a scale of the flow velocities.

FIG. 8c shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle from FIG. 8a in a plan view. It can be seen that the flow has large areas in the chamber, which have high-velocity flows 71 , which lead in the transverse direction to the thread-guiding direction F, and in the middle of the areas 180 in the thread-guiding direction, high-velocity flows 71 , which run in the thread-guiding direction F or run in the opposite direction.

FIG. 8d shows a representation of the flow velocities of the nozzle from FIG. 8a in a side view. It can be seen that in larger areas 182, 183 the flow is conducted more concentrated in the center between the walls of the yarn channel, ie in the transverse direction to the yarn feed direction F than is shown in FIG. 7d. The flows in area 183 near the injection opening have a high speed 71 and in area 182 a somewhat lower speed 73 . There is therefore less air flow in the yarn feed direction F .

FIG. 9 shows a side-by-side representation of air flows from various nozzles.

The illustration 80 shows the air flow of a nozzle without an air swirl chamber, as in FIG. 5a.

The representation 81 shows the air flow of a nozzle with an air swirl chamber with a chamber length which is smaller than the chamber extent, as in FIG. 7a. The representation 82 shows the air flow of a nozzle according to the invention with an air swirl chamber with a chamber length which 1 . 6 times the chamber size.

Representation 83 shows the air flow of a nozzle according to the invention with an air swirl chamber with a chamber length which is more than twice the extent of the chamber. In plot 80, the airflow is distributed such that relatively few airflows are concentrated in the center. Lines 84 show that as the length of the chamber increases, there is increased directionality of flow toward the center.

FIG. 10 shows a simplified cross section through a nozzle plate 10 in the thread guiding direction. The yarn channel 1 has the air twist chamber 2 in the middle, into which the blow-in opening 4 opens at an angle in the direction F of the yarn feed.

FIGS. 11a and 11b show an example of an interlaced DTY yarn (FIG. 11a) and an interlaced flat yarn (FIG. 11b).

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a further embodiment of a nozzle according to the invention in a representation analogous to the representation of the first embodiment in FIGS. The same reference symbols designate the same elements as in FIGS. 1 and 2 and are not described again. In contrast to the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, the nozzle according to FIGS. 12 and 13 is designed to produce more but less stable knots.

The channel sections 1a, 1b extend 21 in the direction of the plane of the drawing in FIG. 7mm . The air twist chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 of 6.74 mm in the yarn feed direction F and a chamber extension 28 of 2.0 mm. This chamber extension 28 and this chamber length 29 result in a ratio of length and extension of approximately 3.37.

The chamber walls of the chamber regions 2a and 2b each lead away from the walls of the yarn channel at an angle of approximately 6°. This is for creating many nodes

FIG. 13 shows the injection opening 4 from the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 12. A smaller part of the cross section of the injection opening 4 leads into the first chamber region 2a.

The blow-in opening 4 has a kite-shaped cross-section with rounded corners and a rounded boundary in the chamber area 2a.

The injection opening 4 has a width B of about 1.13 mm and a length L of about 1.1 mm and thus a width to length ratio of about 1:1.

The kite shape is constructed asymmetrically: Its length in chamber area 2a is 0.5 mm and in chamber area 2b is 0.6 mm.

With nozzles according to the invention as shown in FIG. 1, comparative tests were carried out with nozzles as are known from the prior art (see, for example, FIG. 14a from WO 2006/099763). The operating conditions (particularly the amount of air at a certain blowing pressure) were set in such a way that the same number of knots and knot stability was achieved as far as possible. FIGS. 14a and 14b show the number of knots (FIG. 14a) and knot stability (FIG. 14b) of yarns (PES POY dtex 110/78f36) each with a nozzle according to the invention (X45.40) and a nozzle according to stand (P142) . In order to achieve the almost identical number of knots and knot stability, approximately 20% less air was consumed with the nozzle according to the invention.

Claims

patent claims 1. Intermingling nozzle (100) for the production of knotted yarns, intermingled yarn, DTY or flat yarns with knots, comprising a yarn channel (1) with an air twist chamber (2), the air twist chamber (2) having an injection opening (4) for the introduction of air into the air twist chamber (2), a channel axis (Ma, Mb) extending in a thread guiding direction (F), the yarn channel (1) has a channel width (21) transverse to the channel axis (Ma, Mb) and the air twist chamber (2 ) has a chamber length (29) in the thread guiding direction (F) and a chamber extent (28) transverse to this length, characterized in that the chamber length (29) is at least 180% of the chamber extent (28), preferably at least 200% of the chamber extent (28) and in particular is about 220% or 330% and preferably the chamber length (29) is at least 1.5mm longer than the chamber extent (28). 2. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to claim 1, wherein the chamber extension (28) is 15%-45% of the channel width (21), preferably 15% or 35%, and the chamber extension (28) is preferably a maximum of 5 mm, more preferably a maximum of 3 mm wider than the channel width (21). Interlacing nozzle (100) according to Claim 1 or 2, the chamber length (29) being at most 350% of the channel width (21) and in particular at most 30 mm, preferably at most 20 mm, greater than the channel width (21). Swirl nozzle (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air swirl chamber (2) comprises chamber walls which comprise at least one rounded wall segment, in particular with a radius between 0.3 mm and 6 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. A swirl jet (100) according to claim 4, wherein the chamber walls comprise straight wall segments. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the chamber wall widens starting from a duct wall, viewed in the direction of yarn feed, preferably at an angle of no more than 5° in relation to the thread feeding direction and the duct wall. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Air twist chamber (2) comprises a first chamber area (2a) and a second chamber area (2b), the first chamber area (2a) being arranged first in the thread guiding direction (F) and the second chamber area (2b) being arranged first in the thread guiding direction (F). Chamber area (2a) immediately follows, with the chamber (2) having a constriction (5) at the transition from the first chamber area (2a) to the second chamber area (2b), so that the chamber extension (28) in the first and second chamber area (2a, 2b ) is greater than the chamber expansion (28) at the transition. Interlacing jet (100) for the production of knotted yarns, interlaced yarns, DTY or plain yarns with knotted ten, in particular an interlacing nozzle (100) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a yarn channel (l) with an air twist chamber (2), wherein the air twist chamber (2) has an injection opening (4) for introducing air into the air twist chamber (2), and wherein a channel axis (M) extends in a thread guiding direction (F), characterized in that the injection opening (4) has a cross section with at least one rounded round section and at least one air conducting section, the air conducting section being straight or having a radius of curvature, which is at least 10 times greater than the radius of curvature of the circular section. A swirl jet (100) according to claim 8, wherein the air duct section is angled to the channel axis (M). Swirl nozzle (100) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the injection opening comprises exactly four air duct sections in cross section, which are arranged essentially in a diamond shape, with a first line of symmetry of the diamond shape preferably being arranged parallel to the channel axis (M), so that a first corner of the diamond shape pointing in the thread guiding direction and a second corner pointing in the opposite direction to the thread guiding direction and a third and a fourth corner are arranged in a common plane perpendicular to the first line of symmetry pointing the way A swirl jet (100) according to claim 10, wherein the corners of the diamond shape are rounded. Interlacing nozzle (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the injection opening (4) comprises a cross section with an opening length in the thread guiding direction (F) and an opening width transverse to the opening length, the opening length and the opening width being different. in particular, a ratio between the opening length and the opening width is between 1.0 and 1.5. A swirl jet (100) according to claim 10 or 11 and 12, wherein the orifice length is less than the orifice width, preferably wherein the first and second corners of the diamond shape are rounded at a greater radius than the third and fourth corners. A swirl jet (100) according to claim 10 or 11 and 12, wherein the orifice width is less than the orifice length, preferably wherein the third and fourth corners of the diamond shape are rounded at a greater radius than the first and second corners. Intermingling jet (100) for the production of knotted yarns, intermingled yarn, DTY or flat yarns with nodes, in particular an intermingling jet (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a yarn channel (1) with an air twist chamber (2), wherein the air twist chamber ( 2) has an injection opening (4) for introducing air into the air twist chamber (2), a channel axis (M) extends in a thread guiding direction (F) stretches and the yarn channel (1) has a channel width (21) transversely to the channel axis (M), the air twist chamber (2) has a chamber length (29) in the thread guiding direction (F) and a chamber extent (28) transversely to this length, characterized that the air twist chamber (2) and/or the injection opening (4) is designed and arranged in the yarn channel (1) in such a way that air introduced through the injection opening (4) is guided in a vector that has more transverse components within the air twist chamber (2). transverse to the channel axis (M) as axial components along the channel axis (M) and outside the air swirl chamber (2) comprises more axial components than transverse components. A swirl jet (100) according to claim 15, wherein the transverse component has more radial components than tangential components. Interlacing jet (100) according to claim 15, wherein the transverse components have more tangential components than radial ones. Method for intermingling yarn, wherein the yarn is guided along a channel axis (M) of a yarn channel (1) of an intermingling nozzle (100) and the introduced air is guided in a vector within an air twist chamber (2), characterized in that the vector within the air swirl chamber comprises more transverse components transverse to the channel axis (M) than axial components along the channel axis (M) and outside the air swirl chamber (2) comprises more axial components than transverse components.