WO2022009663A1 - 遊走性算出装置、遊走性評価方法およびコンピュータに遊走性評価方法を実行させるコンピュータプログラム - Google Patents
遊走性算出装置、遊走性評価方法およびコンピュータに遊走性評価方法を実行させるコンピュータプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022009663A1 WO2022009663A1 PCT/JP2021/023586 JP2021023586W WO2022009663A1 WO 2022009663 A1 WO2022009663 A1 WO 2022009663A1 JP 2021023586 W JP2021023586 W JP 2021023586W WO 2022009663 A1 WO2022009663 A1 WO 2022009663A1
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- migration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
- G06T7/0014—Biomedical image inspection using an image reference approach
- G06T7/0016—Biomedical image inspection using an image reference approach involving temporal comparison
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10056—Microscopic image
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
- G06T2207/30024—Cell structures in vitro; Tissue sections in vitro
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30241—Trajectory
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a migration calculation device, a migration evaluation method, and a program for causing a computer to execute the migration evaluation method.
- Cell migration means that cells move from one place to another. Cell migration plays important roles in wound healing, cell differentiation, embryogenesis and tumor metastasis.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a cell migration test apparatus. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 6035844
- a method for evaluating migration is provided.
- a locus generation that generates a locus of movement of the observation target based on a plurality of images of the observation target obtained by imaging observation images of the observation target of a living body a plurality of times in a time series. May have steps.
- the migration property evaluation method may include a migration property calculation step for calculating a migration property scale indicating the degree to which the observation target migrates in a certain direction based on the movement trajectory of the observation target.
- the migration evaluation method may include a migration evaluation step for evaluating whether or not the observation target satisfies a predetermined condition based on the migration scale of the observation target.
- the migratory calculation step of the migratory evaluation method is, as at least a part of the migratory scale, based on the locus of movement of the observation target, the locus of the observation target. It may include a step of calculating the distance between the start point and the end point, which is the linear distance from the start point to the end point.
- the migration evaluation step of the migration evaluation method may include a step of selecting a plurality of observation objects having a distance between a start point and an end point of a threshold value or more as having high migration.
- the migration calculation step of the migration evaluation method is the total movement of the observation target based on the movement trajectory of the observation target as at least a part of the migration scale. It may include a step of calculating the distance and / or the linearity of the locus of movement.
- the migration evaluation step of the migration evaluation method may include a step of selecting a plurality of the observation objects having a total travel distance of a threshold value or more and a linearity of a threshold value or more as those having high migration performance.
- the migration calculation step of the migration evaluation method is, as at least a part of the migration scale, a start point in the movement trajectory of the observation target and the farthest distance from the start point. It may include a step of calculating the reach to a point.
- the migration evaluation step of the migration evaluation method may include a step of not selecting the observation target whose reach is equal to or less than the threshold value as having high migration.
- the migration calculation step of the migration evaluation method may include a step of calculating the speed of movement of the observation target as at least a part of the migration scale.
- the migration evaluation step of the migration evaluation method may include a step of selecting a plurality of the observation targets whose movement speed of the observation target is equal to or higher than a threshold value as having high migration.
- a computer program having an instruction inside is provided.
- the processor or the programmable circuit captures the observation image of the observation target of the living body a plurality of times in time series, and the plurality of images of the observation target are obtained. May be equipped with a step to get.
- the instruction may include a locus generation step that generates a locus of movement of the observation target based on the plurality of images.
- the command may include a migratory calculation step for calculating a migratory scale indicating the degree to which the observed object migrates in a certain direction based on the locus of movement of the observed object.
- the instruction may include a migration evaluation step that evaluates whether or not the observation target satisfies a predetermined condition based on the migration scale of the observation target.
- the migability calculation step of the instruction starts from the start point to the end point of the locus of the observation target based on the locus of movement of the observation target. It may include a step of calculating the distance between the start point and the end point, which is the straight line distance to.
- the migration evaluation step of the instruction may include a step of selecting, among the plurality of observation targets, the one having a distance between the start point and the end point equal to or greater than a threshold value as having high migration.
- the migratory calculation step of the instruction is based on the locus of movement of the observation target, the total movement distance of the observation target, and the movement distance of the observation target. / Or may include a step of calculating the linearity of the locus of movement.
- the migration evaluation step of the instruction may include a step of selecting a plurality of the observation targets having a total travel distance of a threshold value or more and a linearity of a threshold value or more as those having high migration performance.
- the migration calculation step of the instruction is, as at least a part of the migration scale, a start point in the locus of movement of the observation target and the farthest point farthest from the start point. It may include a step of calculating the reach.
- the migration evaluation step of the instruction may include a step of not selecting the observation target whose reach is equal to or less than the threshold value as having high migration.
- the migration calculation step of the instruction may include a step of calculating the speed of movement of the observation target as at least a part of the migration scale.
- the migration evaluation step of the instruction may include a step of selecting a plurality of the observation targets whose movement speed of the observation target is equal to or higher than a threshold value as having high migration.
- a migration calculation device generates a locus that generates a locus of movement of the observation target based on a plurality of images of the observation target obtained by imaging observation images of the observation target of a living body a plurality of times in a time series. May have a part.
- the migration calculation device may include a migration calculation unit that calculates a migration scale indicating the degree to which the observation target migrates in a certain direction based on the movement trajectory of the observation target.
- the migration calculation device evaluates whether or not the observation target satisfies a predetermined condition based on the migration scale of the observation target. May have a part.
- the migratory calculation unit of the migratory calculation device is a locus of the observation target based on the movement locus of the observation target.
- the distance between the start point and the end point which is the straight line distance from the start point to the end point, may be calculated.
- the migration evaluation unit of the migration calculation device may select a plurality of observation targets having a distance between the start point and the end point of which is equal to or greater than a threshold value as having high migration.
- the migratory calculation unit of the migratory calculation device is the total movement of the observation target based on the locus of movement of the observation target.
- the distance and / or the linearity of the locus of movement may be calculated.
- the migration evaluation unit of the migration calculation device may select, among the plurality of observation targets, those having a total travel distance of a threshold value or more and a linearity of a threshold value or more as those having high migration performance.
- the migratory calculation unit of the migratory calculation device is the start point in the locus of movement of the observation target and the farthest from the start point.
- the reach to the point may be calculated.
- the migration evaluation unit of the migration calculation device does not have to select the observation target whose reach is equal to or less than the threshold value as having high migration.
- the migration calculation unit of the migration calculation device may calculate the speed of movement of the observation target as at least a part of the migration scale.
- the migration evaluation unit of the migration calculation device may select one of the plurality of observation targets whose movement speed of the observation target is equal to or higher than the threshold value as having high migration.
- An example of the apparatus configuration of the migration performance evaluation apparatus in this embodiment is shown.
- An example of a specific configuration of the migration calculation device in the present embodiment is shown.
- An example of the flow of the migration property evaluation method of this embodiment is shown.
- An example of a flow for generating a plurality of images to be observed in S210 in the present embodiment is shown.
- An example of the screen for confirming the progress of time-lapse imaging displayed on the output unit of the migration evaluation device in the present embodiment is shown.
- An example of the flow for generating the locus of movement of the observation target of S220 in this embodiment is shown.
- An example of the hardware configuration of the computer is shown.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the device configuration of the migration evaluation device in the present embodiment.
- the migration evaluation device 1 according to the present invention eliminates the influence of false movement of the observation target, and evaluates the migration of the observation target based on the actual movement of the observation target.
- the migration evaluation device 1 includes an image pickup device 10, a migration calculation device 170, an output unit 160, and an input unit 180.
- the image pickup device 10 is a device that captures an observation target of a living body and generates an image.
- the image pickup apparatus 10 captures the observation images of the observation target of the living body a plurality of times in time series to generate a plurality of images of the observation target.
- the image pickup apparatus 10 includes a microscope unit 150, a camera 300, a transmission illumination unit 40, an excitation light source 70, and an optical fiber 7.
- the microscope unit 150 is a device for magnifying and observing an observation target of a living body using a microscope.
- the observation target of the living body may be a cell. Further, the observation target of the living body may be a tiny movable living body other than a cell. As an example, the observation target of the living body may be a microorganism, a fungus, an algae, a living tissue, or the like.
- the microscope unit 150 includes a stage 23, an objective lens unit 27, a fluorescence filter unit 34, an imaging lens unit 38, a polarizing mirror 452, a field lens 411, and a collector lens 41.
- the chamber 100 is placed on the stage 23.
- Chamber 100 has a transparent culture vessel 20.
- the culture medium 20 is filled with a medium, and cells are cultured in the medium. To observe the fluorescent image, the cells may be labeled with one or more fluorescent substances.
- a part a of the bottom surface of the chamber 100 and a part b of the top surface of the chamber 100 may be transparent.
- the upper surface of the chamber 100 may be open or covered with a transparent lid. To provide a culture environment suitable for observing a living object by making the upper surface or the bottom surface of the chamber 100 transparent, or by opening the upper surface of the chamber 100 or covering it with a transparent lid. Can be done.
- the objective lens unit 27 includes a plurality of objective lenses in the x-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface) in FIG. 1. By moving the objective lens unit 27 in the x-axis direction, the objective lens arranged in the optical path of the image pickup apparatus 10 can be switched. This makes it possible to switch the type and magnification of the objective lens.
- the fluorescent filter unit 34 includes a plurality of types of filter blocks in the x-axis direction of FIG. By moving the fluorescence filter unit 34 in the x-axis direction, the filter blocks arranged in the optical path of the image pickup apparatus 10 can be switched.
- the transmitted illumination unit 40 is a light source unit used when observing an observation target with a phase difference.
- the transmission illumination unit 40 includes a transmission illumination light source 47, a field lens 44, and a polarizing mirror 45.
- the transmitted illumination unit 40 irradiates the light transmitted through the observation target.
- the excitation light source 70 is a light source used for fluorescent observation of an observation target.
- the excitation light source 70 irradiates the observation target with light to be reflected through the microscope unit 150.
- the optical fiber 7 is a component that introduces the light emitted from the excitation light source 70 into the microscope unit 150.
- the migration calculation device 170 is connected to the image pickup device 10 and controls the image pickup device 10.
- the migration calculation device 170 switches the combination with the type of the objective lens of the objective lens unit 27 arranged in the optical path of the image pickup device 10 and / or the type of the filter block of the fluorescence filter unit 34.
- phase contrast observation and fluorescence observation differ in both the type of filter block arranged in the optical path and the type of objective lens.
- the two types of fluorescence observation differ only in the type of the filter block arranged in the optical path.
- the light sources (transmitted illumination unit 40 and excitation light source 70) used for phase difference observation and fluorescence observation are also different.
- the inside of the migration calculation device 170 (for example, the image pickup device control unit 171 described later) is a filter block, depending on whether observation of phase difference observation or one type or two or more types of fluorescence observation is performed. It may switch between one or more of the objective lens and the light source.
- the migration calculation device 170 When performing phase difference observation, the migration calculation device 170 turns on the transmission light source 47 and turns off the excitation light source 70 in order to enable the optical path of the transmission illumination unit 40.
- the light emitted from the transmitted illumination light source 47 illuminates the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 via the field lens 44, the polarizing mirror 45, and the upper portion b of the chamber 100.
- the light transmitted through the observation point c reaches the light receiving surface of the camera 300 via the bottom surface of the culture vessel 20, the bottom a of the chamber 100, the objective lens unit 27, the fluorescence filter unit 34, and the imaging lens unit 38.
- a phase difference image at the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 is formed on the camera 300.
- the camera 300 captures a phase difference image and generates an image.
- the generated image data may be recorded inside the migration calculation device 170 (for example, the recording unit 190 described later) and / or may be output to the output unit 160.
- the migration calculation device 170 turns on the excitation light source 70 and turns off the transmission illumination light source 47 in order to enable the optical path of the excitation light source 70.
- the light emitted from the excitation light source 70 is the optical fiber 7, the collector lens 41, the field lens 411, the polarizing mirror 452, the fluorescence filter unit 34, the objective lens unit 27, the bottom a of the chamber 100, and the culture.
- the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 is illuminated through the bottom surface of the vessel 20.
- the fluorescent substance of the cells at the observation point c is excited and emits fluorescence.
- the fluorescence emitted from the cells reaches the light receiving surface of the camera 300 via the bottom surface of the culture vessel 20, the bottom a of the chamber 100, the objective lens unit 27, the fluorescence filter unit 34, and the imaging lens unit 38.
- a fluorescence image at the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 is formed on the camera 300.
- the camera 300 captures a fluorescence image and generates an image.
- the generated image data may be recorded inside the migration calculation device 170 (for example, the recording unit 190 described later) and / or may be output to the output unit 160.
- the camera 300 has an image sensor (not shown).
- the camera 300 may be a cooling camera.
- a cooling camera is a camera that can suppress noise generated by heat by cooling an image sensor.
- the image pickup sensor may be a CMOS image sensor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) or a CCD image sensor (Charge Coupled Device).
- the migration calculation device 170 controls the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the stage 23 and the z-coordinate of the objective lens unit 27.
- the camera 300 may be housed in a housing different from that of the image pickup device 10.
- a humidifier may be connected to the chamber 100 via a silicon tube. By connecting the humidifier, the migration calculation device 170 can control the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration inside the chamber 100 in the vicinity of the values suitable for culturing the cells. Further, the chamber 100 is provided with a heat exchanger (not shown). By providing the chamber 100 with a heat exchanger, the temperature inside the chamber 100 can be controlled in the vicinity of a value suitable for culturing cells. Humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature inside the chamber 100 are measured by sensors (not shown). The measurement result is sent to the migration calculation device 170.
- the migration calculation device 170 receives a plurality of images of the observation target captured by the image pickup device 10 from the image pickup device 10, and based on the plurality of images, the locus of movement of the observation target is determined. Based on the generated locus, a migration scale indicating the degree to which the observation target migrates in a certain direction is calculated. The configuration of the migration calculation device 170 will be described later.
- the output unit 160 outputs the processing result of the migration calculation device 170.
- the output unit 160 outputs the result of evaluating the migration property of the observation target.
- the output unit 160 is a monitor connected to the migration calculation device 170.
- the input unit 180 inputs instructions and data from the observer to the migration calculation device 170. For example, the input unit 180 inputs an instruction from the observer regarding the conditions for imaging the observation target. Further, the input unit 180 inputs a threshold value of the migration scale from the observer. For example, the input unit 180 is a keyboard or mouse connected to the migration calculation device 170.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a specific configuration of the migration calculation device 170 in the present embodiment.
- the migration calculation device 170 includes an image pickup device control unit 171, a recording unit 190, a locus generation unit 400, a migration calculation unit 500, and a migration evaluation unit 600.
- the recording unit 190 may be, but is not limited to, a memory, an internal hard disk drive, or an external recording medium.
- the migratory calculation device 170 has a central processing unit (CPU), and the CPU executes a computer program recorded in the recording unit 190 to realize an image pickup device control unit 171 and the like.
- CPU central processing unit
- the image pickup device control unit 171 controls the objective lens unit 27, the fluorescence filter unit 34, the transmission illumination unit 40, the excitation light source 70, the camera 300, and the like described in FIG. For example, when the time-lapse image pickup condition to be observed is input to the input unit 180, the image pickup device control unit 171 switches the type of the objective lens of the objective lens unit 27 in the microscope unit 150 according to the input image pickup condition. Switching between the transmission light source 47 and the excitation light source 70, switching the type of the fluorescence filter of the fluorescence filter unit 34, the position of the stage 23, and the height of the objective lens of the objective lens unit 27, which are necessary adjustments for each imaging. I do.
- the camera 300 takes an image of the observation target and generates an image of the observation target.
- the camera 300 sends the generated image data to the locus generation unit 400. Further, the generated image data may be recorded in the recording unit 190 and / or output to the output unit 160.
- the locus generation unit 400 generates a locus of movement of the observation target from the image captured by the image pickup apparatus 10. The details of the method of generating the locus will be described later.
- the migration calculation unit 500 calculates a migration scale indicating the degree to which the observation target migrates in a certain direction based on the generated locus.
- the migratory measure may include, for example, at least one or more of the distance between the start point and the end point in the locus to be observed, the linearity of the locus, the total movement distance in the locus, the reach distance, and the speed of movement. The details of the migration scale will be described later.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates the migration of the observation target based on the migration scale of the observation target. For example, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates whether or not the observation target satisfies a predetermined condition based on the migration scale. For example, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the migration of the observation target based on whether or not the migration scale calculated by the migration calculation unit 500 is equal to or greater than the threshold value. At this time, the migration evaluation unit 600 may use the threshold value input by the observer from the input unit 180 for evaluation. The migration evaluation unit 600 may record the migration evaluation result in the recording unit 190 and / or output it to the output unit 160.
- FIG. 3 is an example of the flow of the method for evaluating the migration of the observation target in the present embodiment.
- the migration of the observation target of this embodiment can be evaluated by performing the treatments of S210 to S250 in FIG.
- the processes of S210 to S250 will be described in order, but at least a part of these processes may be executed in parallel, and each step may be performed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It may be executed by exchanging.
- the image pickup apparatus 10 takes an image of an observation target of a living body and generates a plurality of images.
- the step of imaging the observation target of the living body and generating a plurality of images includes the steps of S211 to S217 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows S210 in the flow.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 sets the observation method to low-magnification phase difference observation, and the image pickup device 10 takes an image of the observation target.
- the image pickup apparatus 10 acquires a bird view image which is an image of a relatively wide area.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 acquires a plurality of images (tile images) observed by the image pickup device 10 in phase difference while moving the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 in the xy plane.
- a bird view image may be acquired by synthesizing the images into one image (composite image).
- the image pickup apparatus 10 may store the acquired bird view image data in the recording unit 190 and / or output it to the output unit 160.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 advances the processing to S212.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 receives an input regarding the conditions for time-lapse imaging from the observer via the input unit 180.
- the conditions for time-lapse imaging may be determined by the observer based on the bird view image output to the output unit 160.
- the conditions for time-lapse imaging may be, but are not limited to, one or more of intervals, number of rounds, observation points, and observation methods.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may receive the input and proceed with the process to S213. If the time-lapse imaging conditions are not input, the image pickup device control unit 171 may request the observer to input the conditions via the output unit 160.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may generate a recipe in which the conditions are written based on the input time-lapse image pickup conditions.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may record the generated recipe in the recording unit 190 and / or output it to the output unit 160.
- the recipe may include information about one or more of the time-lapse imaging intervals, the number of rounds, the observation points, and the observation method. After generating the recipe, the image pickup device control unit 171 advances the process to S214.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may receive an instruction from the observer to start time-lapse imaging via the input unit 180.
- the imaging device control unit 171 may receive the instruction and proceed to the process to S215. If the start of time-lapse imaging is not instructed, the imaging device control unit 171 may request the observer to instruct the start via the output unit 160. Alternatively, if the start of time-lapse imaging is not instructed, the image pickup device control unit 171 requests the observer to input a time-lapse imaging condition different from the previously input condition via the output unit 160. May be good.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 instructs the camera 300 to start time-lapse imaging of the observation target. Time-lapse imaging is performed according to the recipe generated in S213.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 adjusts the position of the observation point c of the culture vessel 20 according to the observation point described in the recipe.
- the observation methods described in the recipe are three types (for example, phase difference observation, green fluorescence observation, and red fluorescence observation)
- the image pickup device control unit 171 follows the observation method described in the recipe.
- the camera 300 may be instructed to continuously acquire three types of images while appropriately switching the illumination, the filter block, and the objective lens.
- the camera 300 acquires three types of images, and the first round of imaging is completed.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 waits for the interval described in the recipe from the image pickup start time of the first round according to the generated recipe, and then the second round image pickup is performed in the same manner as the first round image pickup. Instruct the camera 300 to do this. In this way, the camera 300 repeats the above imaging until the number of rounds described in the recipe is reached.
- the imaging device control unit 171 instructs the camera 300 to end the imaging. If the time-lapse imaging does not reach the number of rounds described in the recipe, the imaging device control unit 171 repeats the above imaging by the camera 300 until the number of rounds specified is reached. After the time-lapse imaging is completed, the imaging device control unit 171 advances the processing to S217.
- the imaging device control unit 171 During the time-lapse imaging, the imaging device control unit 171 accumulates the data of the image captured by the imaging device 10 in the implementation progress file. The image pickup device control unit 171 records the implementation progress file in the recording unit 190. Further, when the observer inputs an instruction for confirming the implementation progress during or after the imaging of the time-lapse imaging, the image pickup device control unit 171 refers to the contents of the implementation progress file at the time of input and displays the execution progress confirmation screen. Output to the output unit 160.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 concatenates a plurality of images included in the implementation progress file to generate a moving image file.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 causes the output unit 160 to display a screen for confirming the progress of time-lapse imaging including a moving image of the generated moving image file.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of an implementation progress confirmation screen displayed on the output unit 160.
- the image pickup apparatus control unit 171 may display the time-lapse imaging execution progress confirmation screen including the display areas 101, 102, 103 and 104, and the reproduction control unit 105 on the output unit 160.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 connects the images in each round of time-lapse imaging in chronological order for each observation method and generates a moving image file.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may generate a moving image of a phase difference image from a plurality of phase difference images and / or generate a moving image of a fluorescent image from a plurality of fluorescent images.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may synthesize a phase difference image and a fluorescence image frame by frame, and connect the combined frames in chronological order to generate a moving image of the composite image. ..
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may display the generated moving image in at least one of the display areas 101, 102, 103 and 104, respectively, and / or record it in the recording unit 190.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 reads out the generated moving image files in parallel at the same time, generates a moving image signal for displaying the moving image on the output unit 160, and sends the moving image signal to the output unit 160 in the order of generation.
- the moving image may be displayed in at least one of the display areas 101, 102, 103 and 104.
- a series of processes of reading the moving image file, generating the moving image signal, and transmitting the moving image signal, which is performed by the image pickup apparatus control unit 171, is also referred to as "reproduction of the moving image file".
- the playback control unit 105 is a GUI (Graphic User Interface) image used by the observer to input instructions regarding playback of the moving image file.
- the reproduction control unit 105 is arranged with a stop button 52, a skip button 53, a reproduction button 54, a fast forward button 55, a clipping button 56, and a timeline 50.
- the play button 54 When the play button 54 is selected by the observer via the input unit 180, playback of the moving image file is started, and display of the moving image is started in at least one of the display areas 101, 102, 103 and 104. good.
- the stop button 52 When the stop button 52 is selected by the observer, the reproduction of the moving image is stopped.
- the reproduced portion in the moving image file is reflected in the timeline 50.
- the left end of the timeline 50 indicates the beginning of the moving image file, that is, the start time of time-lapse imaging
- the right end of the timeline 50 indicates the tail of the moving image file, that is, the end time of time-lapse imaging. If the time-lapse imaging is not completed, the right end of the timeline indicates the current time.
- a sludge bar 60 is placed on the timeline 50.
- the sludge bar 60 may indicate a playback location in a moving image file in real time.
- the position of the sludge bar 60 in the left-right direction may be such that the observer can move freely.
- the reproduction location of the moving image file changes.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may reduce the capacity of the moving image file by using a technique of temporal clipping or spatial clipping.
- Time clipping is a method of forming a moving image file by clipping only a specific time of time-lapse imaging.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may generate a moving image file using a plurality of images generated in a specific period during the period of time-lapse imaging.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may generate a moving image file using a plurality of images thinned out at specific time intervals among the plurality of images generated during the time-lapse imaging period.
- the thinning time interval may be constant.
- the thinning time interval does not necessarily have to be constant, for example, every 10 minutes for the first hour, every 15 minutes for the next hour, and so on.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may display the clipping designation screen on the output unit 160.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 receives input from the observer via the input unit 180 regarding the period for performing time clipping or the time interval for thinning out.
- Spatial clipping is a method of generating a moving image file by clipping only a specific spatial area of time-lapse imaging.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 generates a moving image file using a plurality of images obtained by cutting out only a specific region from a plurality of images generated during the time-lapse imaging period.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 may display the clipping frame on the output unit 160.
- the image pickup apparatus control unit 171 receives an input regarding a target cutout area from the displayed clipping frame by the observer via the input unit 180.
- the image pickup apparatus control unit 171 can perform spatial clipping centered on this region by receiving an input regarding a target cutout region from the input unit 180.
- a moving image file can be generated from a plurality of time-lapse images.
- the image pickup device control unit 171 advances the processing to S220.
- S217 may be a step performed as needed.
- the step of S217 may be skipped and the process may proceed to S220. Further, a part of the steps from S211 to S216 may be omitted without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the locus generation unit 400 generates a locus of movement of the observation target of the living body based on a plurality of images generated by photographing the observation target included in the moving image file a plurality of times in time series. ..
- the step of generating the locus of movement of the observation target of the living body based on the plurality of images includes the steps of S221 to S223 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows S220 in the flow.
- the locus generation unit 400 masks the portion of each of the plurality of images included in the moving image file that is surrounded by the outer circumference of the observation target of the living body.
- the locus generation unit 400 masks the observation target by extracting the outer circumference of the observation target in each of the plurality of images and masking the inside of the region surrounded by the outer circumference.
- the locus generation unit 400 may extract the outer periphery of the observation target by a conventionally known method such as a method of binarizing after applying a dispersion filter. After masking the observation target, the locus generation unit 400 advances the process to S222.
- the locus generation unit 400 sets a reference position for generating a locus in the masked area of the observation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 sets a reference position for each of the masked areas of the observation target of the plurality of images by a unified definition.
- the locus generation unit 400 may use the center of gravity, the center, the end, or the like of the masked region as the definition of the reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 may calculate the center of gravity 510a by a known method. For example, the locus generation unit 400 places the observation target on the xy coordinate plane, calculates the average x mean and y mean of the coordinate values of all the pixels included in the masked region 500a for each of the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. The obtained points (x mean , y mean ) may be set as the center of gravity 510a.
- the center 510b of the masked region 500b to be observed is set as the reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 may calculate the center 510b by a known method.
- the locus generation unit 400 places the observation target on the xy coordinate plane, and calculates the minimum value 550a on the x-axis of the masked region 500b and the average value 550c of the maximum value 550b. Further, the locus generation unit 400 similarly calculates the minimum value 560a of the y-axis of the masked region and the average value 560c of the maximum value 560b.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set the obtained points (550c, 560c) as the center 510b.
- the end of the masked area to be observed is set as the reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 places the observation target on the xy coordinate plane, and ends the points on the outer periphery of the observation target in a predetermined direction (+ direction or-direction) on the x-axis or the y-axis. A point that becomes a part may be set as a reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 may acquire the most advanced point in the direction in which the cell migrates as an end portion. For example, the locus generation unit 400 calculates the movement vector of the cell at each time point in the movement locus, places the observation target on the xy coordinate plane, and ends the points on the outer circumference of the observation target in the + direction of the movement vector. The point that becomes the reference position (state-of-the-art point) may be set.
- the locus generation unit 400 may acquire a movement vector by connecting the center of gravity or center of the observation target at that time point with the center of gravity or center of the observation target at a predetermined number of points before (for example, the previous time point). ..
- the locus generation unit 400 may set a position determined by using definitions other than the above (A), (B), and (C) as a reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 may express a fluorescently labeled protein on an observation target of a living body and set a position where the fluorescently labeled protein exists as a reference position.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set the center of gravity (average or weighted center of gravity, etc.) of the points specified by the above-mentioned plurality of definitions as the reference position. After setting the reference position, the locus generation unit 400 advances the process to S223.
- the locus generation unit 400 connects the reference positions of a plurality of images in a time series with a line segment to generate and output a locus of an observation target of a living body.
- FIG. 8 is an example of generating a locus of movement of an observation target by connecting reference positions of images captured during the period from the first time to the fifth time with a line segment in chronological order.
- the images 400a to 400e are phase difference images of mesenchymal stem cells (Mesenchymal Stem Cell) from the first time to the fifth time, respectively.
- the images 400a to 400e are displayed in the display area 101 of FIG.
- the images 410a to 410e are images obtained by masking the images 400a to 400e, respectively.
- the locus generation unit 400 sets a reference position.
- the reference position may be the center of gravity of the masked area.
- the locus generation unit 400 may generate a locus 420 of the movement of the observation target as shown in the right column of FIG. 8 by connecting the reference positions with a line segment in a time series from the first time to the fifth time.
- the locus of movement of the reference position generated in this way may be used as the locus of movement of the observation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 may output the locus 420 of the movement of the observation target to the display area 102 of FIG. 5 and / or record it in the recording unit 190.
- mesenchymal stem cells are used as observation targets, but cells other than mesenchymal stem cells are also preferably used as observation targets.
- the observation target of the living body that generates and outputs the locus may be one or a plurality.
- FIG. 9A is an example of the movement trajectory of the two observation objects.
- the locus generation unit 400 generates movement trajectories 420a and 420b for the cells on the left side and the cells on the right side, respectively, and outputs them to the display area 102.
- FIG. 9B is an example of graphing the movement trajectories of the two observation objects shown in FIG. 9A.
- the locus generation unit 400 may plot the generated loci 420a and 420b at xy coordinates and output them to the display area 103 as shown in FIG. 9B. After generating the locus of movement of the observation target, the locus generation unit 400 advances the process to S230.
- the cells that move in the locus 420a are actually moving in a certain direction, and it is considered that the degree of migration is high.
- the cell that moves in the locus 420b does not move significantly from the spot and only deforms, and it is not recognized that it is substantially migrating.
- the cells on the right have the same level of migration as the cells on the left when judged only by the amount of movement (total distance of movement). Will end up.
- the cells on the left can be evaluated as having high migration
- the cells on the right can be evaluated as having low migration.
- the locus generation unit 400 receives an input from the observer via the input unit 180 to select an observation target to be evaluated.
- the observation target in which the reference position is set in all of the plurality of images included in the moving image file and the locus is generated may be selected by the observer as the evaluation target.
- an observation target having a clear contrast with the background in all of the plurality of images included in the moving image file may be selected by the observer as the evaluation target.
- the observation target that does not overlap with the adjacent observation target may be selected by the observer as the evaluation target.
- the observation target that has not undergone cell division may be selected by the observer as the evaluation target.
- the migration calculation device 170 may automatically select the observation target.
- the step of S230 may be performed immediately after the step of S210 is performed. After the observation target to be evaluated is selected, the locus generation unit 400 advances the process to S231.
- the locus generation unit 400 causes the output unit 160 to display an observation target to be excluded from the evaluation of the migration property.
- the observation target to be excluded from the evaluation is the observation target that was not selected as the evaluation target in the step of S230.
- the observation target to be excluded from the evaluation is displayed in the display area 104 of FIG.
- the display area 104 may display observation targets to be excluded from the evaluation in chronological order.
- the locus generation unit 400 requests the observer to confirm the observation target to be excluded from the evaluation.
- the locus generation unit 400 may request the observer to check the image displayed in the display area 104 and determine whether or not to exclude the observation target in the image from the evaluation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 does not have to perform the steps after S240 on the observation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 may perform the steps after S240 on the observation target.
- the observer determines that the observation target is the object of evaluation, the observer manually corrects the trajectory of the observation target based on the image displayed in the display area 104, and then the trajectory is generated.
- the unit 400 may perform the steps after S240 on the observation target.
- S230 to S232 may be omitted.
- the locus generation unit 400 may skip the steps of S231 and S232 and proceed to the process of S240.
- the migration calculation unit 500 calculates the migration scale of the observation target of the living body to be evaluated.
- the step of calculating the migration scale of the observation target of the living body to be evaluated includes the steps of S241 to S243 as shown in FIG.
- the migratory scale indicates the degree to which the observation target migrates in a certain direction.
- migrating cells include (1) those that move in an almost constant direction (for example, a direction toward an attractant or a direction away from a repellent) for at least a certain period of time, and (2). Those that are evaluated to repeat deformation on the spot and / or to move actively but stay within a certain narrow area and do not make substantial movement (that is, make false movement). And are included.
- the migration scale is (1) giving a high value to only the former cells (observation target) as having high migration, and (2) having low migration to cells that do not migrate at all with the latter cells (observation target). It is a numerical scale that gives a low numerical value.
- the migratory measure may include at least one or more of the distance between the start point and the end point in the locus to be observed, the linearity of the locus, the total travel distance in the locus, the reach distance, and the speed of travel.
- FIG. 10 shows S240 in the flow.
- the migration calculation unit 500 calculates the distance between the start point and the end point of the observation target based on the locus of the observation target of the living body generated in S220.
- the starting point of the locus of the observation target is the reference position of the observation target in the image at the start time of the time-lapse imaging.
- the start time of the time-lapse imaging may include not only the start time but also a time in the vicinity of the start time.
- the end point of the locus of the observation target may be a reference position in the image of the observation target at the end time of the time-lapse imaging.
- the end time of the time-lapse imaging may include not only the end time but also a time in the vicinity of the end time.
- the distance between the start point and the end point may be a straight line distance from the start point to the end point.
- the migration calculation unit 500 advances the process to S242.
- the migration calculation unit 500 calculates the total movement distance of the observation target based on the generated locus of the observation target of the living body.
- the total moving distance of the observation target may be the total length of the trajectory from the start point to the end point of the observation target.
- the start and end points of the locus of the observation target may be the same as the above definition.
- the total movement distance of the cells on the left side may be the total length of the locus 420a (that is, the total length of the line segments constituting the locus 420a).
- the total movement distance of the cells on the right side may be the total length of the locus 420b (that is, the total length of the line segments constituting the locus 420b).
- the steps of S241 and S242 may be performed in the reverse order or at the same time. After calculating the total movement distance of the observation target, the migration calculation unit 500 advances the process to S243.
- the migration calculation unit 500 calculates the linearity of the observation target of the living body.
- linearity may be defined by the following equation.
- Linearity (distance between start point and end point of observation target) / (total movement distance of observation target)
- the distance between the start point and the end point of the observation target is a value calculated in S241.
- the total distance traveled by the observation target is the value calculated in S242.
- the value of linearity is a real number of 0 or more and 1 or less.
- the migration calculation unit 500 advances the process to S250.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates the migration of the observation target of the living body and selects the one having high migration.
- the step of evaluating the migration property of the observation target of the living body and selecting the one having high migration property includes the steps S251 to S254 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 shows S250 in the flow.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 receives an input regarding the threshold value of the migration scale from the observer via the input unit 180.
- the migratory measure may be some of the distance between the start and end points, the total distance traveled, the linearity, the distance reached and the speed of travel. The reach and speed of movement will be described later.
- the threshold value is a value selected as having a high migration property of the observation target when the migration property scale of the observation target has a value higher than this.
- the threshold value may be a predetermined value or may be arbitrarily set by the observer.
- a threshold value that the observer deems appropriate may be set based on a moving image or the like displayed on the output unit 160 about the locus of movement of a plurality of observation targets.
- the migration calculation device 170 may display a window screen or the like for causing the output unit 160 to input a threshold value, and acquire the value input by the observer as the threshold value via the input unit 180.
- the threshold value may be automatically set by the migration calculation device 170. For example, when the type of the cell to be observed is input to the input unit 180, the migration calculation device 170 may set a predetermined threshold value according to the input cell type. Further, the migration calculation device 170 may calculate a statistical value (mean, median, or sum or difference between the average and the standard deviation ⁇ ) of the migration scale calculated in S240, and use this as a threshold value. For example, the migration calculation device 170 calculates the average, median, average + ⁇ , average ⁇ , average + 2 ⁇ , average ⁇ 2 ⁇ , and the like of the distances between the start points and the end points of a plurality of observation targets obtained in S241, and uses this as the starting point later. It may be a threshold value applied to the distance between end points.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates the migration of the observation target of the living body based on the set total movement distance and the threshold value of the linearity.
- the step of evaluating the migration of the observation target of the living body includes the steps of S2521 and S2522 as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates whether or not the total travel distance of the observation target is longer than the threshold value. When the total movement distance of the observation target is less than the threshold value, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a small total movement distance. When the total movement distance of the observation target is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a large total movement distance. After evaluating the observation target assuming that the total travel distance is large, the migration evaluation unit 600 advances the process to S2522.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates whether or not the linearity value of the observation target evaluated as having a large total travel distance is larger than the threshold value. When the value of the linearity of the observation target is less than the threshold value, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates the observation target as having a small linearity. When the value of the linearity of the observation target is equal to or higher than the threshold value, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates the observation target as having a large linearity.
- the order of the steps of S2521 and the steps of S2522 may be reversed.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 outputs the evaluation result of the migration of the observation target of the living body.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may classify the observation target of the living body according to the evaluation result of the migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may select an observation target of a living body having high migration. For example, the migrating property evaluation unit 600 selects an observation target whose observability scale exceeds the first threshold value as the group having the highest migrating property, and the observability scale of the observation target is equal to or less than the first threshold value. Then, the observation target exceeding the second threshold is selected as the moderate migrating group, and the observing target whose observability scale is equal to or less than the second threshold is selected as the low migrating group. good. By selecting in this way, the migration evaluation unit 600 may classify the observation target according to the migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 classifies the observation target evaluated to have a small total travel distance into group A in the step of S2521. For example, in FIG. 14, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total travel distance is large in the step of S2521 and evaluates that the linearity value is small in the step of S2522. Classify into groups. For example, in FIG. 14, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total travel distance is large in the step of S2521 and evaluates that the linearity value is large in the step of S2522. Classify into groups. The migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates a plurality of observation targets classified into groups A and B as having low migration. The migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate a plurality of observation targets classified into the C group as having high migration. Instead, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate group A as having low migration, group B as having moderate migration, and group C as having high migration.
- the migration calculation unit 500 may calculate the ratio of the observation target belonging to the group A to the total observation target (also referred to as “group A ratio”). For example, the migration calculation unit 500 may calculate the ratio of the observation target belonging to the B group to the entire observation target (also referred to as “B group ratio”). For example, the migration calculation unit 500 may calculate the ratio of the observation target belonging to the C group to the entire observation target (also referred to as “C group ratio”).
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the migration of the observation target based on the ratio of each of the above groups.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate that the group A has good migration property with respect to the group to be observed in which the ratio of group A (or the total of the ratio of group A and the ratio of group B) is equal to or higher than the threshold value.
- the evaluation of migratory property may be output to the output unit 160 and / or recorded in the recording unit 190.
- the observation target for example, the cell on the left side of FIG. 9A
- a large linearity value was classified into a group with high migration.
- cells that stay in the same place and change only in morphology are evaluated as having low migration.
- cells that have a large total movement distance but only move the center of gravity near the starting point are evaluated as having low migration because the linearity value is low. Will be done. Therefore, according to the above classification, a cell group that has moved far from the starting point can be evaluated as having high migration.
- a plurality of observation targets are classified into groups A, B, and C, but the migration property may be evaluated even when there is only one observation target.
- only one threshold value is set for each of the total movement distance and the linearity, but two or more threshold values may be set for each migration scale. By setting two or more threshold values for each migratory scale, the migratory property can be evaluated in more detail.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate whether or not the distance between the start point and the end point of the observation target is longer than the threshold value. When the distance between the start point and the end point of the observation target is less than the threshold value, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as the distance between the start point and the end point is small. For the observation target evaluated as having a small distance between the start point and the end point, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having low migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a large distance between the start points and the end points. For the observation target evaluated as having a large distance between the start point and the end point, the migrating property evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observing target as an observing target having high migrating property.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 can evaluate the migration of the observation target in one step.
- the migration of the observation target can be classified more finely (for example, separation of group A and group B).
- FIG. 15 is a modified example of the definition of the reference position of the observation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set a reference position based on a region where observation targets at different positions at adjacent times overlap in a plurality of observation images.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set the center of gravity, the center, or the end of the region where the observation targets overlap as a reference position.
- the center of gravity 510a of the region where the cell 500a at the first time and the cell 500b at the second time adjacent to (for example, following) the first time overlap may be set as the reference position.
- FIG. 15 is a modified example of the definition of the reference position of the observation target.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set a reference position based on a region where observation targets at different positions at adjacent times overlap in a plurality of observation images.
- the locus generation unit 400 may set the center of gravity, the center, or the end of the region where the observation targets overlap as a reference position.
- the center of gravity 510b of the region where the cell 500b at the second time and the cell 500c at the third time adjacent to (for example, following) the second time overlap may be set as the reference position.
- the line segment 520 connecting the center of gravity 510a and the center of gravity 510b may be used as the locus of movement of the observation target.
- the center of gravity of the region where the observation target overlaps may be set as a reference position and the migration property may be evaluated.
- the region where the observation targets overlap is almost the same, so it is suitable to set the center of gravity of the region where the observation targets overlap as a reference position and evaluate the migration property.
- FIG. 16 is a modified example of the flow for calculating the migration scale of the observation target of S240.
- the migration calculation unit 500 may additionally perform the step of S246.
- the migration calculation unit 500 may calculate the reachable distance based on the generated locus of the observation target of the living body.
- the reaching distance is the distance between the starting point in the locus of movement of the observation target and the farthest point which is the farthest position from the starting point.
- the migratory calculation unit 500 calculates the distance between the starting point in the locus of movement of the observation target and each reference position constituting the locus of movement of the observation target, and sets the maximum distance among them as the reach distance. It's okay.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the reachable distance.
- the observation target is time-lapse imaged from the first time to the eighth time, and the position of the observation target at each time is set to 500a to 500h. Further, the reference position of the observation target at each time is set to 510a to 510h.
- the locus of movement of the observation target is represented by sequentially connecting the line segments 520a to 520 g, the start point of the locus is 510a, and the end point of the locus is 510h.
- the farthest farthest point from 510a which is the starting point of the locus
- 510d which is the reference position of the observation target at the fourth time. Therefore, the reachable distance in this case is the distance between the points 510a and 510d. It is represented by 540.
- FIG. 18 is a flow when the total distance traveled and the reachable distance are used as a migratory scale.
- the description already described may be applied as it is.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 After evaluating that the total movement distance of the observation target is longer than the threshold value in the step of S2521, the migration evaluation unit 600 advances the process to S2523.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates whether or not the reach of the observation target evaluated as having a large total travel distance is larger than the threshold value.
- the threshold value of the reachable distance may be arbitrarily set by the observer in S251, or may be automatically set by the migration calculation device 170.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a small reach.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a large reach.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may classify the observation target evaluated to have a small total travel distance into group A. For example, in FIG. 18, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total movement distance is large in the step of S2521 and evaluates that the reach is small in the step of S2523. You may classify. For example, in FIG. 18, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total movement distance is large in the step of S2521 and evaluates that the reach is large in the step of S2523. You may classify.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate a plurality of observation targets classified into groups A and B as having low migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate a plurality of observation targets classified into the C group as having high migration. That is, the migration evaluation unit 600 can not select an observation target whose reach is equal to or less than the threshold value as having high migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the cell as having low migration.
- the migratory evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the one having a large reach is high in migratory property and the one having a short reach is low in migratory property. Therefore, this cell is evaluated to have high migration. That is, the migration of the observation target is evaluated more appropriately.
- the total movement distance and the reach are used as the migration scale to evaluate the migration of the observation target, but the migration evaluation unit 600 uses the linearity and the reach as the migration scale. It may be used to evaluate the migration of the observation target.
- FIG. 19 is another modification of the flow for calculating the migration scale of the observation target of S240.
- the migration calculation unit 500 may additionally perform the step of S247.
- the migration calculation unit 500 may calculate the speed of movement of the observation target based on the generated locus of the observation target of the living body.
- the speed of movement is defined as the distance between the position of the cell at the first time and the position of the cell at the second time divided by the time from the first time to the second time. good.
- FIG. 20 is a flow when the speed of movement is used as a migration scale in addition to the total movement distance and linearity.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 advances the processing to S2524.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates whether or not the speed of movement of the observation target evaluated as having a large linearity is larger than the threshold value.
- the threshold value of the moving speed may be arbitrarily set by the observer in S251, or may be automatically set by the migration calculation device 170. For fast-moving cells, the threshold may be set higher. For slow-moving cells, the threshold may be set lower.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a small movement speed.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate the observation target as having a high movement speed.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may classify the observation target evaluated to have a small total travel distance into group A. For example, in FIG. 18, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total travel distance is large in the step of S2521 and evaluates that the linearity value is small in the step of S2522. It may be classified into groups. For example, in FIG. 18, the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total travel distance is large in the step of S2521, evaluates that the linearity value is large in the step of S2522, and evaluates that the linearity value is large in the step of S2524. , The observation target evaluated to have a small movement speed may be classified into group C. For example, in FIG.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 evaluates that the total travel distance is large in the step of S2521, evaluates that the linearity value is large in the step of S2522, and evaluates that the linearity value is large in the step of S2524.
- the observation target evaluated to have a high moving speed may be classified into the D group.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate a plurality of observation targets classified into groups A, B, and C as having low migration.
- the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate a plurality of observation targets classified into the D group as having high migration. That is, the migration evaluation unit 600 can select a plurality of observation targets whose movement speed of the observation target is equal to or higher than the threshold value as having high migration.
- the migration property evaluation unit 600 may further classify the migration properties of the groups A to C. For example, the migration evaluation unit 600 may evaluate groups A and B as having low migration and group C as having moderate migration.
- the speed which is an element of time
- the migratory property of the observation target is evaluated in more detail.
- FIG. 21 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the computer 1900 that functions as the migration calculation device 170.
- the computer 1900 according to the present embodiment is connected to the CPU peripheral portion having the CPU 2000, RAM 2020, graphic controller 2075, and display device 2080 connected to each other by the host controller 2082, and to the host controller 2082 by the input / output controller 2084.
- An input / output unit having a communication interface 2030, a hard disk drive 2040, and a CD-ROM drive 2060, and a legacy input / output unit having a ROM 2010, a flexible disk drive 2050, and an input / output chip 2070 connected to the input / output controller 2084.
- the host controller 2082 connects the RAM 2020 to the CPU 2000 and the graphic controller 2075 that access the RAM 2020 at a high transfer rate.
- the CPU 2000 operates based on the programs stored in the ROM 2010 and the RAM 2020, and controls each part.
- the graphic controller 2075 acquires image data generated on a frame buffer provided in the RAM 2020 by the CPU 2000 or the like, and displays the image data on the display device 2080.
- the graphic controller 2075 may include a frame buffer internally for storing image data generated by the CPU 2000 or the like.
- Various information (for example, moving images, evaluation results of migration, etc.) generated inside the migration calculation device 170 can be displayed on the display device 2080.
- the input / output controller 2084 connects the host controller 2082 to a communication interface 2030, a hard disk drive 2040, and a CD-ROM drive 2060, which are relatively high-speed input / output devices.
- the communication interface 2030 communicates with other devices via a network by wire or wirelessly. In addition, the communication interface functions as hardware for communication.
- the hard disk drive 2040 stores programs and data used by the CPU 2000 in the computer 1900.
- the CD-ROM drive 2060 reads a program or data from the CD-ROM 2095 and provides it to the hard disk drive 2040 via RAM 2020.
- the input / output controller 2084 is connected to the ROM 2010, the flexible disk drive 2050, and the relatively low-speed input / output device of the input / output chip 2070.
- the ROM 2010 stores a boot program executed by the computer 1900 at startup, and / or a program depending on the hardware of the computer 1900.
- the flexible disk drive 2050 reads a program or data from the flexible disk 2090 and provides it to the hard disk drive 2040 via RAM 2020.
- the input / output chip 2070 connects the flexible disk drive 2050 to the input / output controller 2084, and inputs / outputs various input / output devices via, for example, a parallel port, a serial port, a keyboard port, a mouse port, and the like. Connect to controller 2084.
- the program provided to the hard disk drive 2040 via the RAM 2020 is stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk 2090, a CD-ROM 2095, or an IC card and provided by the user.
- the program is read from the recording medium, installed on the hard disk drive 2040 in the computer 1900 via the RAM 2020, and executed in the CPU 2000.
- the program installed in the computer 1900 and making the computer 1900 function as the mobility calculation device 170 includes a trajectory generation module, a migration calculation module, a migration evaluation module, and an image pickup device control module. These programs or modules may act on the CPU 2000 or the like to cause the computer 1900 to function as a locus generation unit 400, a migration calculation unit 500, a migration evaluation unit 600, and an image pickup device control unit 171.
- the information processing described in these programs is read into the computer 1900, and the locus generation unit 400, the migration calculation unit 500, which are specific means in which the software and the various hardware resources described above cooperate with each other. It functions as a migration evaluation unit 600 and an image pickup device control unit 171. Then, by realizing the calculation or processing of the information according to the purpose of use of the computer 1900 in the present embodiment by these specific means, the unique migration calculation device 170 according to the purpose of use is constructed.
- the CPU 2000 executes a communication program loaded on the RAM 2020, and a communication interface is based on the processing content described in the communication program. Instruct 2030 to process communication. Under the control of the CPU 2000, the communication interface 2030 reads out the transmission data stored in the transmission buffer area or the like provided on the storage device such as the RAM 2020, the hard disk drive 2040, the flexible disk 2090, or the CD-ROM 2095, and transfers the transmission data to the network. The received data transmitted or received from the network is written to a receive buffer area or the like provided on the storage device.
- the communication interface 2030 may transfer the transmission / reception data to / from the storage device by the DMA (direct memory access) method, and instead, the CPU 2000 may transfer the transfer source storage device or the communication interface 2030.
- the transmitted / received data may be transferred by reading data from the data and writing the data to the communication interface 2030 or the storage device of the transfer destination.
- the CPU 2000 is all or necessary from files or databases stored in an external storage device such as a hard disk drive 2040, a CD-ROM drive 2060 (CD-ROM 2095), and a flexible disk drive 2050 (flexible disk 2090). Parts are read into the RAM 2020 by DMA transfer or the like, and various processes are performed on the data on the RAM 2020. Then, the CPU 2000 writes the processed data back to the external storage device by DMA transfer or the like. In such processing, the RAM 2020 can be regarded as temporarily holding the contents of the external storage device. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the RAM 2020 and the external storage device are collectively referred to as a memory, a recording unit, a storage device, or the like.
- the storage device or the like stores information necessary for information processing of the migration calculation device 170, for example, moving image data as necessary, and supplies it to each component of the migration calculation device 170 as needed. ..
- the CPU 2000 can also hold a part of the RAM 2020 in the cache memory and read / write on the cache memory. Even in such a form, the cache memory plays a part of the function of the RAM 2020. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cache memory is also included in the RAM 2020, the memory, and / or the storage device, unless otherwise indicated. do.
- the CPU 2000 includes various operations described in the present embodiment, information processing, condition determination, information retrieval / replacement, and the like, which are specified by the instruction sequence of the program for the data read from the RAM 2020. Is processed and written back to RAM 2020. For example, when the CPU 2000 determines a condition, whether or not the various variables shown in the present embodiment satisfy conditions such as large, small, above, below, and equal to other variables or constants. If the condition is satisfied (or not satisfied), it branches to a different instruction sequence or calls a subroutine.
- the CPU 2000 can search for information stored in a file or database in the storage device. For example, when a plurality of entries in which the attribute value of the second attribute is associated with the attribute value of the first attribute are stored in the storage device, the CPU 2000 describes the plurality of entries stored in the storage device. By searching for an entry in which the attribute value of the first attribute matches the specified condition and reading the attribute value of the second attribute stored in that entry, it is associated with the first attribute that satisfies the predetermined condition. The attribute value of the second attribute obtained can be obtained.
- the program or module shown above may be stored in an external recording medium.
- an optical recording medium such as a DVD or a CD
- a magneto-optical recording medium such as MO
- a tape medium such as an IC card, or the like
- a storage device such as a hard disk or RAM provided in a dedicated communication network or a server system connected to the Internet may be used as a recording medium, and a program may be provided to the computer 1900 via the network.
- the migration calculation device 170 has been shown to have a CPU 2000 as a processor, but the type of processor is not particularly limited. For example, as a processor, GPU, ASIA, FPGA and the like can be appropriately used. Further, in the present disclosure, the migratory calculation device 170 has a configuration in which the hard disk drive 2040 is provided as an auxiliary storage device, but the type of the auxiliary storage device is not particularly limited. For example, another storage device such as a solid state drive may be used in place of the hard disk drive 2040 or in combination with the hard disk drive 2040.
- Mobility evaluation device 7 Optical fiber 10 Imaging device 20 Culture vessel 23 Stage 27 Objective lens section 34 Fluorescent filter section 38 Imaging lens section 40 Transmission illumination section 41 Collector lens 44 Field lens 45 Polarized mirror 47 Transmission light source 50 Timeline 52 Stop button 53 Skip button 54 Play button 55 Fast forward button 56 Clipping button 60 Slender bar 70 Excitation light source 100 Chamber 101 Display area 102 Display area 103 Display area 104 Display area 105 Playback control unit 150 Microscope unit 160 Output unit 170 Runnability calculation Device 171 Imaging device Control unit 180 Input unit 190 Recording unit 300 Camera 400 Trajectory generator 411 Field lens 452 Polarized mirror 500 Mobility calculation unit 600 Mobility evaluation unit 1900 Computer 2000 CPU 2010 ROM 2020 RAM 2030 Communication interface 2040 Hard disk drive 2050 Flexible disk drive 2060 CD-ROM drive 2070 I / O chip 2075 Graphic controller 2080 Display device 2082 Host controller 2084 I / O controller 2090 Flexible disk 2095 CD-ROM
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Abstract
Description
[特許文献1]特許第6035844号公報
[式1]
直線性=(観察対象の始点終点間距離)/(観察対象の総移動距離)
式1で、観察対象の始点終点間距離はS241で算出した値である。式1で、観察対象の総移動距離はS242で算出した値である。式1の定義によれば、直線性の値は0以上1以下の実数である。上記の直線性の定義によれば、同じ場所にとどまり、形態のみを変化している細胞は直線性が低く、始点から遠くへ移動した細胞は直線性が高く見積もられる。観察対象の直線性を算出した後で、遊走性算出部500は処理をS250に進める。
図15は、観察対象の基準位置の定義の変形例である。軌跡生成部400は、複数の観察画像において、隣接する時刻において異なる位置にある観察対象が重なる領域に基づいて、基準位置を設定してよい。例えば、軌跡生成部400は、観察対象が重なる領域の重心、中心、または端部を、基準位置として設定してよい。例えば、図15において、第1時刻における細胞500aと、第1時刻に隣接(例えば、後続)する第2時刻における細胞500bとが重なる領域の重心510aを、基準位置として設定してよい。また、図15において、第2時刻における細胞500bと、第2時刻に隣接(例えば、後続)する第3時刻における細胞500cとが重なる領域の重心510bを、基準位置として設定してよい。この場合、重心510aと重心510bとを結んだ線分520を、観察対象の移動の軌跡としてよい。このように、移動中に形態があまり変化しない細胞の場合、観察対象が重なる領域の重心を基準位置として設定し、遊走性を評価してもよい。また、ほぼ同じ位置で収縮を繰り返す細胞の場合、観察対象が重なる領域はほとんど変わらないため、観察対象が重なる領域の重心を基準位置として設定し、遊走性を評価することが適している。
図16は、S240の観察対象の遊走性尺度を算出するフローの変形例である。S242で生体の観察対象の総移動距離を算出した後、または、S243で生体の観察対象の直線性を算出した後で、遊走性算出部500はS246のステップを追加的に行ってよい。S246において、遊走性算出部500は、生成した生体の観察対象の軌跡に基づいて、到達距離を算出してよい。ここで、到達距離とは、観察対象の移動の軌跡における始点と、始点から最も遠い位置である最遠点との距離である。例えば、遊走性算出部500は、観察対象の移動の軌跡における始点と、観察対象の移動の軌跡を構成する各基準位置との距離をそれぞれ算出し、そのうちの最大の距離を到達距離として設定してよい。
図19は、S240の観察対象の遊走性尺度を算出するフローの他の変形例である。S243で生体の観察対象の直線性を算出した後で、遊走性算出部500は、S247のステップを追加的に行ってよい。S247において、遊走性算出部500は、生成した生体の観察対象の軌跡に基づいて、観察対象の移動の速さを算出してよい。ここで、移動の速さは、第1時刻における細胞の位置と、第2時刻における細胞の位置との間の距離を、第1時刻から第2時刻までの時間で除したものとして定義してよい。
7 光ファイバ
10 撮像装置
20 培養容器
23 ステージ
27 対物レンズ部
34 蛍光フィルタ部
38 結像レンズ部
40 透過照明部
41 コレクタレンズ
44 フィールドレンズ
45 偏光ミラー
47 透過照明用光源
50 タイムライン
52 停止ボタン
53 スキップボタン
54 再生ボタン
55 早送りボタン
56 クリッピングボタン
60 スラーダーバー
70 励起用光源
100 チャンバ
101 表示領域
102 表示領域
103 表示領域
104 表示領域
105 再生コントロール部
150 顕微鏡部
160 出力部
170 遊走性算出装置
171 撮像装置制御部
180 入力部
190 記録部
300 カメラ
400 軌跡生成部
411 フィールドレンズ
452 偏光ミラー
500 遊走性算出部
600 遊走性評価部
1900 コンピュータ
2000 CPU
2010 ROM
2020 RAM
2030 通信インターフェイス
2040 ハードディスクドライブ
2050 フレキシブルディスク・ドライブ
2060 CD-ROMドライブ
2070 入出力チップ
2075 グラフィック・コントローラ
2080 表示装置
2082 ホスト・コントローラ
2084 入出力コントローラ
2090 フレキシブルディスク
2095 CD-ROM
Claims (16)
- 生体の観察対象の観察画像を時系列で複数回撮像して得られた、前記観察対象の複数の画像に基づいて、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡を生成する軌跡生成ステップと、
前記観察対象の移動の軌跡上において、前記観察対象が前記軌跡の始点から遠ざかる程度を示す遊走性尺度を算出する遊走性算出ステップと、
前記観察対象の前記遊走性尺度に基づいて、前記観察対象が、あらかじめ定められた条件を満たすか否かを評価する遊走性評価ステップを備える、
遊走性評価方法。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の軌跡の始点から終点までの直線距離である始点終点間距離を算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記始点終点間距離が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項1に記載の遊走性評価方法。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の前記始点終点間距離を前記総移動距離で除して前記移動の軌跡の直線性を算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記直線性が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項2に記載の遊走性評価方法。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡における始点と前記始点から最も遠い最遠点との到達距離を算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記到達距離が閾値以上である前記観察対象を、遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項1に記載の遊走性評価方法。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の速さを算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記観察対象の移動の速さが閾値以上のものを、遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項3に記載の遊走性評価方法。 - 命令を内部に有するコンピュータプログラムであって、
前記命令は、プロセッサまたはプログラム可能回路に実行されると、前記プロセッサまたは前記プログラム可能回路に、
生体の観察対象の観察画像を時系列で複数回撮像して得られた前記観察対象の複数の画像を取得するステップと、
前記複数の画像に基づいて、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡を生成する軌跡生成ステップと、
前記観察対象の移動の軌跡上において、前記観察対象が前記軌跡の始点から遠ざかる程度を示す遊走性尺度を算出する遊走性算出ステップと、
前記観察対象の前記遊走性尺度に基づいて、前記観察対象が、あらかじめ定められた条件を満たすか否かを評価する遊走性評価ステップと、
を含む動作を実行させる、
コンピュータプログラム。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の軌跡の始点から終点までの直線距離である始点終点間距離を算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記始点終点間距離が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項6に記載のコンピュータプログラム。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の前記始点終点間距離を前記総移動距離で除して前記移動の軌跡の直線性を算出するステップを含み、 前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記直線性が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項7に記載のコンピュータプログラム。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡における始点と前記始点から最も遠い最遠点との到達距離を算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記到達距離が閾値以上である前記観察対象を、遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項6に記載のコンピュータプログラム。 - 前記遊走性算出ステップは、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の速さを算出するステップを含み、
前記遊走性評価ステップは、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記観察対象の移動の速さが閾値以上のものを、遊走性が高いものとして選択するステップを含む、
請求項8に記載のコンピュータプログラム。 - 生体の観察対象の観察画像を時系列で複数回撮像して得られた、前記観察対象の複数の画像に基づいて、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡を生成する軌跡生成部と、
前記観察対象の移動の軌跡上において、前記観察対象が前記軌跡の始点から遠ざかる程度を示す遊走性尺度を算出する遊走性算出部と、
を備える、遊走性算出装置。 - 前記遊走性算出装置は、前記観察対象の前記遊走性尺度に基づいて、前記観察対象が、あらかじめ定められた条件を満たすか否かを評価する遊走性評価部を備える、
請求項11に記載の遊走性算出装置。 - 前記遊走性算出部は、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の軌跡の始点から終点までの直線距離である始点終点間距離を算出し、
前記遊走性評価部は、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記始点終点間距離が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択する、
請求項12に記載の遊走性算出装置。 - 前記遊走性算出部は、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて、前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の前記始点終点間距離を前記総移動距離で除して前記移動の軌跡の直線性を算出し、
前記遊走性評価部は、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記直線性が閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択する、 請求項13に記載の遊走性算出装置。 - 前記遊走性算出部は、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡に基づいて前記観察対象の総移動距離、および、前記観察対象の移動の軌跡における始点と前記始点から最も遠い最遠点との到達距離を算出し、
前記遊走性評価部は、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記総移動距離が閾値以上かつ前記到達距離が閾値以上である前記観察対象を、遊走性が高いものとして選択する、
請求項12に記載の遊走性算出装置。 - 前記遊走性算出部は、前記遊走性尺度の少なくとも一部として、前記観察対象の移動の速さを算出し、
前記遊走性評価部は、複数の前記観察対象のうち、前記観察対象の移動の速さが閾値以上のものを遊走性が高いものとして選択する、
請求項14に記載の遊走性算出装置。
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| JP2022535002A JP7464123B2 (ja) | 2020-07-06 | 2021-06-22 | 遊走性算出装置、遊走性評価方法およびコンピュータに遊走性評価方法を実行させるコンピュータプログラム |
| US18/151,153 US20230237672A1 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2023-01-06 | Migration property calculating apparatus migration property evaluating method, computer program causing computer to perform migration property evaluating method |
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- 2021-06-22 WO PCT/JP2021/023586 patent/WO2022009663A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-06-22 EP EP21836772.0A patent/EP4177350A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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| EP4177350A4 (en) | 2024-07-31 |
| JP7464123B2 (ja) | 2024-04-09 |
| JPWO2022009663A1 (ja) | 2022-01-13 |
| US20230237672A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
| EP4177350A1 (en) | 2023-05-10 |
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