WO2022075396A1 - アダマンタン化合物および有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、電子機器 - Google Patents
アダマンタン化合物および有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022075396A1 WO2022075396A1 PCT/JP2021/037089 JP2021037089W WO2022075396A1 WO 2022075396 A1 WO2022075396 A1 WO 2022075396A1 JP 2021037089 W JP2021037089 W JP 2021037089W WO 2022075396 A1 WO2022075396 A1 WO 2022075396A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence device (hereinafter abbreviated as an organic EL device) which is a self-luminous element suitable for various display devices, or a compound and an element suitable for an electronic device. It relates to an organic EL element or an electronic device using the compound.
- a metal with a high work function has been used for the anode, and a light emitting element having a top emission structure that emits light from above has been used.
- the area of the light emitting part is limited, whereas in the light emitting element of the top emission structure, the pixel circuit is not blocked by extracting light from the top. Therefore, there is an advantage that the light emitting part can be widened.
- a translucent electrode such as LiF / Al / Ag (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), Ca / Mg (see Non-Patent Document 2), LiF / MgAg, etc. is used for the cathode.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a compound suitable for a low refractive index layer in a capping layer in order to improve the light extraction efficiency of an organic EL device.
- the physical properties of the material of the low refractive index layer suitable for the present invention are (1) that vapor deposition is possible and does not thermally decompose, (2) the thin film state is stable, and (3) the refractive index is low. Can be given.
- the physical characteristics of the device suitable for the present invention are (1) high light extraction efficiency, (2) no decrease in color purity, and (3) light transmission without change over time. It can be mentioned that (4) it has a long life.
- the present inventors have focused on the fact that the adamantan compound is excellent in the stability of the thin film, and the amide compound, the ester compound, the amine compound or the ether compound having the adamantan in the center has low refraction.
- the present invention has been completed as a result of finding that it exhibits rate characteristics, producing an organic EL element used as a material constituting a capping layer having a low refractive index, and earnestly evaluating the characteristics of the element.
- the following adamantane compounds and organic EL devices are provided.
- X represents an oxygen atom or an NH group
- L represents a linear or branched alkylene group or a carbonyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 1 and R 2 are different from each other even if they are the same. It may represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 to R 12 may be the same or different from each other, and may be the same or different from each other, and may be hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano group, substituted or unsubstituted.
- R 3 to R 12 are as defined by the general formula (1-A).
- R 3 to R 12 are as defined by the general formula (1-A).
- R 3 to R 12 are as defined by the general formula (1-A).
- R 3 to R 12 are as defined by the general formula (1-A).
- An organic EL device having at least an anode electrode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode electrode, and a capping layer in this order, and the capping layer is the organic thin film according to 7) above.
- An organic EL element characterized by.
- An organic EL device having at least an anode electrode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode electrode, and a capping layer in this order, wherein the capping layer is two layers, a first capping layer and a second capping layer.
- An organic EL device having a structure and characterized in that the first capping layer is the organic thin film according to 7) above.
- An electronic device or electronic device having a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer sandwiched between them, wherein the adamantane compound according to any one of 1) to 6) above is a constituent material thereof.
- An electronic device or electronic device characterized in that it is used as an electronic device or an electronic device.
- unsubstituted means that the hydrogen atom is not substituted with a substituent.
- hydrophilicity is used in the sense of including isotopes having different neutron numbers, that is, light hydrogen and deuterium.
- Groups and 1,3-propylene groups can be mentioned, with methylene groups and 1,2-ethylene groups being preferred, and methylene groups being more preferred.
- these divalent groups are preferably unsubstituted, but may have a substituent, and the substituent in this case is specifically a cyano group; a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom.
- Halogen atom such as iodine atom
- linear or branched alkyloxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as methyloxy group, ethyloxy group and propyloxy group can be mentioned.
- X in the general formula (1) represents an oxygen atom or an NH group. Specifically, when X in the general formula (1) is an oxygen atom and L is an alkylene group, (-L-X-) in the general formula (1) is an ether group, and the general formula (1) When X in 1) is an oxygen atom and L is a carbonyl group, (-L-X-) in the general formula (1) is an ester group. When X in the general formula (1) is an NH group and L is an alkylene group, ( ⁇ L—X—) in the general formula (1) is an amino group and is in the general formula (1). When X is an NH group and L is a carbonyl group, (-L-X-) in the general formula (1) is an amide group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group in the "substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group” represented by R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (1) include a phenyl group and a biphenyl group.
- examples thereof include 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 2-phenanthrenyl group, 9-phenanthrenyl group and fluorenyl group, and phenyl group, biphenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group and fluorenyl group are preferable.
- a group and a fluorenyl group are more preferable.
- these groups may have a substituent, and in this case, specifically, a cyano group; a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom; a methyl group, Linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as ethyl group and propyl group; Linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as methyloxy group, ethyloxy group and propyloxy group Alkyloxy groups; aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as phenyl group, biphenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group and fluorenyl group can be mentioned.
- a substituent and in this case, specifically, a cyano group
- a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom
- halogen atom represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A)
- examples of the "halogen atom” represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A) include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom are preferable. Fluorine atoms are more preferred.
- alkyl group in the "linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms substituted or unsubstituted” represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A) is defined as an "alkyl group". Examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group and a propyl group, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are preferable, and a methyl group is more preferable.
- alkyloxy group in “a linear or branched alkyloxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms substituted or unsubstituted” represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A).
- Examples include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a propyloxy group, with methoxy group and ethoxy group being preferable, and methoxy group being more preferable.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group in the "substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group” represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A) include phenyl group and biphenyl.
- Group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 2-phenanthrenyl group, 9-phenanthrenyl group, fluorenyl group can be mentioned, and phenyl group, biphenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group and fluorenyl group are preferable.
- Phenyl group, fluorenyl group is more preferable, and phenyl group is further preferable.
- these groups may have a substituent, and in this case, specifically, a cyano group; a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom; a methyl group, Linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as ethyl group and propyl group; Linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as methyloxy group, ethyloxy group and propyloxy group An alkyloxy group or the like can be mentioned.
- Linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms represented by R 3 to R 12 in the general formula (1-A), and “linear or branched having 1 to 3 carbon atoms”.
- the "branched alkyloxy group” may have a substituent, and as the “substituent” in that case, a halogen atom is preferable, and a fluorine atom is more preferable.
- the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is preferably an adamantane compound represented by any of the following general formulas (1-A) to (1-E), and more preferably the following general formula. It is an adamantane compound represented by any one of (1-B) to (1-E).
- the two Ls in the general formula (1) are preferably the same group, but may be different groups.
- the two Xs in the general formula (1) are preferably the same group, but may be different groups.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other, but are preferably the same.
- X represents an oxygen atom or an NH group
- L represents a linear or branched alkylene group or carbonyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- R 3 to R 12 may be the same or different from each other, and may be a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, substituted or absent.
- the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is excellent in low refractive index characteristics.
- a low refractive index layer (organic thin film) is formed using the compound, and by combining with the high refractive index layer (organic thin film), an organic EL element with further improved light extraction efficiency due to the light interference effect. To realize.
- the adamantane compound of the present invention can be used not only for organic EL devices but also for electronic devices such as electrophotographic photosensitive members, image sensors, photoelectric conversion elements, and solar cells.
- the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is a novel compound, but these compounds can be synthesized by themselves according to a known method.
- FIGS. 1 to 8 Specific examples of the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, but the present invention is not limited to these compounds.
- arylamine compound having a high refractive index which is suitably used for the organic EL element of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 9 to 10, but the compound is not limited to these compounds.
- the method for producing the adamantan compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the purification of the compound includes purification by a column chromatograph, adsorption purification with silica gel, activated charcoal, activated white clay and the like. It can be carried out by a known method used for purifying organic compounds, such as recrystallization and crystallization with a solvent, and finally, purification was carried out by a sublimation purification method or the like.
- the compound can be identified by NMR analysis, mass spectrum analysis, or the like. As physical property values, it is preferable to measure the melting point, the glass transition point (Tg), the refractive index, and the absorbance.
- the melting point and the glass transition point (Tg) were measured by, for example, a high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimeter (DSC3100SA manufactured by Bruker AXS) using powder.
- the refractive index was measured by forming a thin film of 80 nm on a silicon substrate and using a spectroscopic measuring device (F10-RT-UV manufactured by Philmetrics).
- an anode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a cathode and a capping layer are sequentially formed on a glass substrate. Further, those having a hole injection layer between the anode and the hole transport layer, those having an electron blocking layer between the hole transport layer and the light emitting layer, and those having a hole blocking layer between the light emitting layer and the electron transport layer. Those having an electron transport layer and those having an electron injection layer between the electron transport layer and the cathode can be mentioned.
- a structure that combines a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, a configuration that also serves as a hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer, and a positive structure for example, a structure that combines a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, a configuration that also serves as a hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer, and a positive structure.
- a configuration that also serves as a hole blocking layer and an electron transport layer, a configuration that also serves as an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer, and the like can be used.
- a laminated structure, a structure in which two capping layers are laminated, and the like are also possible.
- the total film thickness of each layer of the organic EL element is preferably about 200 nm to 750 nm, more preferably about 350 nm to 600 nm.
- the film thickness of the capping layer is, for example, preferably 30 nm to 120 nm, more preferably 40 nm to 80 nm. In this case, good light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
- the film thickness of the capping layer can be appropriately changed depending on the type of light emitting material used for the light emitting element, the thickness of each layer of the organic EL element other than the capping layer, and the like.
- an electrode material having a large work function such as ITO and gold is used.
- an arylamine compound having a structure in which two or more triphenylamine structures are linked in a molecule by a divalent group containing no single bond or hetero atom for example, a benzidine derivative.
- An arylamine compound having a structure in which two triphenylamine structures are linked in a molecule such as, a single bond or a divalent group containing no heteroatom, a starburst type triphenylamine derivative, and various triphenylamine 4 amounts. Materials such as the body are preferred.
- acceptor-type heterocyclic compounds such as porphyrin compounds typified by copper phthalocyanine and hexacyanoazatriphenylene, and coated polymer materials can be used. These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or individually. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with the layer formed in 1. In addition to the vapor deposition method, these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- NPD ⁇ -naphthyl
- NPD N, N, N', N'-tetrabiphenylyl benzidine
- an arylamine compound having a structure in which two triphenylamine structures are linked in a molecule, a single bond or a divalent group containing no heteroatom for example, N
- an arylamine compound having only one triphenylamine structure in the molecule and an arylamine having a structure in which three or more triphenylamine structures are linked in the molecule by a single bond or a divalent group containing no heteroatom. It is preferred to use compounds such as various triphenylamine trimers and tetramers. These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or layers formed by mixing them. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with a layer formed alone.
- a coating type polymer material such as poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) / poly (styrene sulfonate) (PSS) can be used.
- PEDOT poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
- PSS poly (styrene sulfonate)
- these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- a material usually used for the layer is preferably p-doped with trisbromophenylamine hexachloroantimony, a radialene derivative, or the like.
- a polymer compound having the structure of a benzidine derivative such as TPD in its partial structure can be used.
- TCTA 4,4', 4''-tri (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine
- TCTA 9,9-bis [4- (carbazole-9-yl) phenyl) ] Fluolene
- carbazole derivatives such as 1,3-bis (carbazole-9-yl) benzene (mCP), 2,2-bis (4-carbazole-9-yl-phenyl) adamantan (Ad-Cz), 9- [4 -(Carbazole-9-yl) phenyl] -9- [4- (triphenylsilyl) phenyl] -9H-Has an electron blocking effect on compounds having a triphenylsilyl group represented by fluorene and a triarylamine structure.
- mCP 1,3-bis (carbazole-9-yl) benzene
- Ad-Cz 2,2-bis (4-carbazole-9-yl-phenyl) adamantan
- Compounds can be used. These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or layers formed by mixing them. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with a layer formed alone. In addition to the vapor deposition method, these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- the light emitting layer of the organic EL element of the present invention in addition to metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives such as Alq 3 , various metal complexes, anthracene derivatives, bisstyrylbenzene derivatives, pyrene derivatives, oxazole derivatives, polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, etc. Can be used. Further, the light emitting layer may be composed of a host material and a dopant material, and an anthracene derivative is preferably used as the host material. In addition to the light emitting material, a heterocycle having an indole ring as a partial structure of the fused ring.
- a compound, a heterocyclic compound having a carbazole ring as a partial structure of the condensed ring, a carbazole derivative, a thiazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative, a polydialkylfluorene derivative and the like can be used.
- the dopant material quinacridone, coumarin, rubrene, perylene and their derivatives, benzopyran derivative, rhodamine derivative, aminostyryl derivative and the like can be used, and it is more preferable to use a green light emitting material.
- These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or layers formed by mixing them. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with a layer formed alone.
- a phosphorescent light emitter As the phosphorescent body, a phosphorescent body of a metal complex such as iridium or platinum can be used. A green phosphorescent body such as Ir (ppy) 3 , a blue phosphorescent body such as FIrpic, FIr6, a red phosphorescent light emitter such as Btp 2 Ir (acac), etc. are used, and a green phosphorescent light emitter is used. Is more preferable.
- a carbazole derivative such as 4,4'-di (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl (CBP), TCTA, or mCP can be used as the hole injecting / transporting host material.
- CBP 4,4'-di (N-carbazolyl) biphenyl
- TCTA TCTA
- mCP mCP
- an electron transporting host material p-bis (triphenylsilyl) benzene (UGH2) and 2,2', 2''-(1,3,5-phenylene) -tris (1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) ) (TPBI) or the like can be used, and a high-performance organic EL element can be manufactured.
- the phosphorescent light emitting material In order to avoid concentration quenching, it is preferable to dope the phosphorescent light emitting material to the host material by co-depositing in the range of 1 to 30% by weight with respect to the entire light emitting layer.
- these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- a phenanthroline derivative such as basocproin (BCP) or a quinolinol derivative such as aluminum (III) bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinate) -4-phenylphenolate (BAlq).
- BCP basocproin
- BAlq aluminum (III) bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinate) -4-phenylphenolate
- Compounds having a hole-blocking action can be used, such as metal complexes, various rare earth complexes, triazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and benzoazole derivatives. These materials may also serve as materials for the electron transport layer.
- these may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or layers formed by mixing them. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with a layer formed alone.
- these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- the electron transport layer of the organic EL element of the present invention in addition to metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives such as Alq 3 and BAlq, various metal complexes, triazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, pyridine derivatives, and benz
- An imidazole derivative, a benzoazole derivative, a thiadiazol derivative, an anthracene derivative, a carbodiimide derivative, a quinoxalin derivative, a pyridoindole derivative, a phenanthroline derivative, a silol derivative and the like can be used.
- these may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials, or may be used as a single layer formed by themselves, layers formed by mixing them, or layers formed by mixing them. It may be a laminated structure of a layer formed by mixing with a layer formed alone.
- these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- alkali metal salts such as lithium fluoride and cesium fluoride
- alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium fluoride
- metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives such as lithium quinolinol, aluminum oxide and the like.
- Metal oxides or metals such as itterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), cesium (Cs) can be used, but in the preferred choice of electron transport layer and cathode. , This can be omitted.
- a material usually used for the layer which is further n-doped with a metal such as cesium, can be used.
- an electrode material having a low work function such as aluminum, an alloy having a lower work function such as a magnesium silver alloy, a magnesium calcium alloy, a magnesium indium alloy, and an aluminum magnesium alloy, and an ITO, IZO or the like is used as the electrode material.
- the capping layer of the organic EL element of the present invention preferably has a two-layer structure of a first capping layer and a second capping layer, and in that case, the first capping layer adjacent to the cathode electrode is the general one of the present invention. It is preferable to use the adamantane compound represented by the formula (1). These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials. In addition to the vapor deposition method, these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention preferably has a refractive index in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm of 1.6 or less, and more preferably 1.5 or less.
- the organic EL device of the present invention it is preferable to use an arylamine compound having a high refractive index as the second capping layer laminated on the first capping layer.
- the arylamine compound having a high refractive index the refractive index in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 700 nm is preferably 1.6 or more, more preferably 1.8 or more, and more preferably 1.9 or more. More preferred.
- These high-refractive-index arylamine compounds have a structure in which two triphenylamine structures are linked in a molecule by a single bond or a phenylene group, as exemplified in FIGS. 9 to 10, and are substituents.
- It has two benzoazole groups or benzotriazole groups, or has only one triphenylamine structure in the molecule, and has two or three benzoazole groups, benzotriazole groups, or benzothienyl groups as substituents. Those having are preferably used. Since these compounds have no absorption in each of the blue, green and red wavelength regions, they are particularly suitable when it is desired to display a clear and bright image with good color purity. These may be formed alone, or may be used as a single layer formed by mixing with other materials. In addition to the vapor deposition method, these materials can be formed into a thin film by a known method such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method.
- the refractive index of the material constituting the second capping layer is 0.2 or more larger than the refractive index of the adjacent first capping layer ([refractive index of the second capping layer]-[refractive index of the first capping layer] ⁇ 0.2) is preferable. That is, the second capping layer improves the light extraction efficiency in the organic EL element, but the effect is that the larger the reflectance at the interface between the second capping layer and the first capping layer, the more the effect of light interference. Is more effective because it is large. Therefore, it is preferable that the refractive index of the material constituting the second capping layer is 0.2 or more larger than the refractive index of the adjacent first capping layer.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the organic EL element having a bottom emission structure or a dual emission structure that emits light from both the top and the bottom. The same can be applied to an organic EL element. In these cases, the electrodes in the direction in which the light is taken out from the light emitting element need to be transparent or translucent.
- the glass transition point (Tg) and melting point of the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) were measured with a high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimeter (DSC3100SA, manufactured by Bruker AXS). Glass transition point (Tg) Melting point Compound of Example 1 (1-13) 71 ° C 222 ° C Compound of Example 2 (1-18) (not observed) 256 ° C. Compound of Example 3 (1-23) (not observed) 322 ° C.
- a vapor-filmed film having a film thickness of 80 nm is formed on a silicon substrate using the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1), and the wavelength is measured using a spectroscopic measuring device (F10-RT-UV, manufactured by Philmetrics).
- the refractive index n at 400 nm, 450 nm, and 700 nm was measured.
- High refractive index arylamine compounds (2-8) and Alq 3 were also measured for comparison. The measurement results are summarized in Table 1.
- the refractive index of the adamantan compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is 1.60 or less in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm, and the arylamine compound (2-8) has a high refractive index. It has a value smaller than 0.2 or more than the refractive index of.
- the organic EL element has a hole injection layer 3, a hole transport layer 4, a light emitting layer 5, and electron transport on a glass substrate 1 on which a reflective ITO electrode is previously formed as a metal anode 2.
- the layer 6, the electron injection layer 7, the cathode 8, the first capping layer 9, and the second capping layer 10 were vapor-deposited in this order.
- an ITO having a film thickness of 50 nm, a silver alloy reflective film having a film thickness of 100 nm, and an ITO having a film thickness of 5 nm are sequentially formed on a glass substrate 1 as a metal anode 2 in isopropyl alcohol. After performing ultrasonic washing for 20 minutes, drying was performed for 10 minutes on a hot plate heated to 250 ° C. Then, after performing UV ozone treatment for 2 minutes, the glass substrate with ITO was mounted in a vacuum vapor deposition machine and the pressure was reduced to 0.001 Pa or less.
- an electron acceptor (Acceptor-1) having the following structural formula and a compound (3-1) having the following structural formula were used, and the vapor deposition rate ratio was (Acceptor-1).
- the compound (3-1) 3: 97 was subjected to dual vapor deposition at a vapor deposition rate, and the film was formed so as to have a film thickness of 10 nm.
- a compound (3-1) having the following structural formula was formed as the hole transport layer 4 so as to have a film thickness of 140 nm.
- EMD-1 compound having the following structural formula
- ETM-1 compound having the following structural formula
- Two-way vapor deposition was performed at a vapor deposition rate of 50:50, and the film was formed to have a film thickness of 30 nm.
- Lithium fluoride was formed on the electron transport layer 6 as an electron injection layer 7 so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm.
- a magnesium-silver alloy was formed on the electron injection layer 7 as a cathode 8 so as to have a film thickness of 12 nm.
- the compound (1-13) of Example 1 was formed on the cathode 8 as the first capping layer 9 so as to have a film thickness of 30 nm, and finally the arylamine compound (2-) having a high refractive index was formed as the second capping layer 10. 8) was formed so as to have a film thickness of 30 nm.
- the characteristics of the produced organic EL device were measured at room temperature in the atmosphere. Table 2 summarizes the measurement results of the light emission characteristics when a DC voltage is applied to the manufactured organic EL element.
- Example 6 an organic EL device was produced under the same conditions except that the compound (1-18) of Example 2 was used instead of the compound (1-13) of Example 1 as the first capping layer 9. ..
- the characteristics of the produced organic EL device were measured at room temperature in the atmosphere. Table 2 summarizes the measurement results of the light emission characteristics when a DC voltage is applied to the manufactured organic EL element.
- Example 6 an organic EL device was produced under the same conditions except that the compound (1-23) of Example 3 was used instead of the compound (1-13) of Example 1 as the first capping layer 9. ..
- the characteristics of the produced organic EL device were measured at room temperature in the atmosphere. Table 2 summarizes the measurement results of the light emission characteristics when a DC voltage is applied to the manufactured organic EL element.
- Example 1 For comparison, an organic EL device was produced under the same conditions except that Alq 3 was used in place of the compound (1-13) of Example 1 as the first capping layer 9 in Example 6. The characteristics of the produced organic EL device were measured at room temperature in the atmosphere. Table 2 summarizes the measurement results of the light emission characteristics when a DC voltage is applied to the manufactured organic EL element.
- Example 6 the arylamine compound (2-8) having a high refractive index is formed as the second capping layer 10 so as to have a double film thickness of 60 nm, and the first capping layer 9 is not provided.
- An organic EL element was manufactured. The characteristics of the produced organic EL device were measured at room temperature in the atmosphere. Table 2 summarizes the measurement results of the light emission characteristics when a DC voltage is applied to the manufactured organic EL element.
- Table 2 summarizes the results of measuring the device life using the organic EL devices manufactured in Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the device life was measured as the time (95% attenuation) until the element decayed to 95% when the initial brightness was 100% when the constant current drive of 10 mA / cm 2 was performed.
- the drive voltage at a current density of 10 mA / cm 2 uses the elements of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the adamantan compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention as the first capping layer.
- the elements of Examples 6 to 8 are almost the same as the elements of Examples 6 to 8, whereas the elements of Examples 6 to 8 are comparable to the elements of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 in terms of brightness, luminous efficiency, power efficiency, and element life. , Both have improved significantly.
- This has a laminated structure in which the second capping layer is laminated on the first capping layer containing the adamantane compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, and the refraction of the first capping layer and the second capping layer is further formed. It is shown that the light extraction efficiency can be significantly improved by combining the materials of the second capping layer so that the difference in the rates becomes large.
- An organic EL element in which a material having a large difference in refractive index is laminated as a layer can obtain high light extraction efficiency. Further, by using the compound having no absorption in each of the wavelength regions of blue, green and red, it is particularly suitable when it is desired to display a clear and bright image with good color purity. For example, it has become possible to develop it into applications such as home appliances and lighting.
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Abstract
Description
また、これらの2価基は無置換であることが好ましいが、置換基を有していてもよく、この場合の置換基としては、具体的に、シアノ基;フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子などのハロゲン原子;メチルオキシ基、エチルオキシ基、プロピルオキシ基などの炭素原子数1ないし3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基などをあげることができる。
具体的には、一般式(1)中のXが酸素原子であってLがアルキレン基の場合、前記一般式(1)中の(-L-X-)はエーテル基であり、一般式(1)中のXが酸素原子であってLがカルボニル基である場合、前記一般式(1)中の(-L-X-)はエステル基である。
そして、一般式(1)中のXがNH基であってLがアルキレン基の場合、前記一般式(1)中の(-L-X-)はアミノ基であり、一般式(1)中のXがNH基であってLがカルボニル基である場合、前記一般式(1)中の(-L-X-)はアミド基である。
また、これらの基は置換基を有していてもよく、この場合の置換基としては、具体的に、シアノ基;フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子などのハロゲン原子;メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基などの炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基;メチルオキシ基、エチルオキシ基、プロピルオキシ基などの炭素原子数1ないし3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基;フェニル基、ビフェニル基、1-ナフチル基、2-ナフチル基、フルオレニル基などの芳香族炭化水素基などを挙げることができる。
また、これらの基は置換基を有していてもよく、この場合の置換基としては、具体的に、シアノ基;フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子などのハロゲン原子;メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基などの炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基;メチルオキシ基、エチルオキシ基、プロピルオキシ基などの炭素原子数1ないし3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基などをあげることができる。
一般式(1)中の2つのLは、同じ基であることが好ましいが、異なる基であってもよい。
また、一般式(1)中の2つのXは、同じ基であることが好ましいが、異なる基であってもよい。
また、一般式(1)において、R1、R2は相互に同一でも異なってもよいが、同一であることが好ましい。
R3~R12は、相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基、または置換もしくは無置換の芳香族炭化水素基である。
炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキレン基、芳香族炭化水素基、ハロゲン原子、炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~3の直鎖状もしくは分岐状のアルキルオキシ基およびそれらの置換基などの詳細は、前述したとおりである。
これらは、単独で成膜してもよいが、他の材料とともに混合して成膜した単層として使用してもよい。これらの材料は蒸着法の他、スピンコート法やインクジェット法などの公知の方法によって薄膜形成を行うことができる。
これらの化合物は、青、緑および赤それぞれの波長領域において吸収を持たないので、色純度がよく鮮明で明るい画像を表示したい場合に、特に好適である。
これらは、単独で成膜してもよいが、他の材料とともに混合して成膜した単層として使用してもよい。これらの材料は蒸着法の他、スピンコート法やインクジェット法などの公知の方法によって薄膜形成を行うことができる。
窒素置換した反応容器にアダマンタン-1,3-ジアミン5.0g、テトラヒドロフラン120mL、炭酸カリウム10.4gを加え、4-フルオロベンゾイルクロリド10.5gを10分かけて滴下し、さらに25℃で4時間撹拌した。水100mLを加え、テトラヒドロフランを減圧下留去した後、析出した固体を濾過により採取した。メタノール60mL、水60mLを加え、1時間、還流分散洗浄し、室温まで冷却した後、固体を濾過により採取した。ジクロロメタン180mLに溶解し、シリカゲル6gを加えて、1時間25℃で1時間撹拌した後、シリカゲルを濾過により除いた。濾液を濃縮し、残渣をメタノールで洗浄することにより、N,N’-アダマンタン-1,3-ジイルビス(4-フルオロベンゼンアミド)(1-13)の白色粉体8.4g(収率68%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)で以下の24個の水素のシグナルを検出した。
δ(ppm)=7.71-7.74(4H)、7.06-7.11(4H)、5.31(2H)、2.57(2H)、2.33(2H)、2.07-2.19(8H)、1.71(2H)。
実施例1において、4-フルオロベンゾイルクロリドを3,5-ジフルオロベンゾイルクロリドに代えて、同様の操作を行い、N,N’-アダマンタン-1,3-ジイルビス(3,5-ジフルオロベンゼンアミド)(1-18)の白色粉体11.4g(収率80.9%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)で以下の22個の水素のシグナルを検出した。
δ(ppm)=7.22-7.29(4H)、6.92-6.97(2H)、5.88(2H)、2.57(2H)、2.37(2H)、2.07-2.18(8H)、1.73(2H)。
実施例1において、4-フルオロベンゾイルクロリドをペンタフルオロベンゾイルクロリドに代えて、同様の操作を行い、N,N’-アダマンタン-1,3-ジイルビス(ペンタフルオロベンゼンアミド)(1-23)の白色粉体9.0g(収率54%)を得た。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)で以下の16個の水素のシグナルを検出した。
δ(ppm)=8.64(2H)、2.36(2H)、2.23(2H)、1.93-2.04(8H)、1.61(2H)。
13C-NMR(DMSO-d6)で以下の13Cシグナルを検出した。
δ(ppm)=157.0、144.6、142.5、142.2、140.0、138.5、138.4、136.2、136.0、114.1、113.9、113.6、67.5、54.1、54.0、44.4、39.4、35.1、29.6、25.6。
m/z(M+1)=555
ガラス転移点(Tg) 融点
実施例1の化合物(1-13) 71℃ 222℃
実施例2の化合物(1-18) (観測されず) 256℃
実施例3の化合物(1-23) (観測されず) 322℃
作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加した発光特性の測定結果を表2にまとめて示した。
作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加した発光特性の測定結果を表2にまとめて示した。
作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加した発光特性の測定結果を表2にまとめて示した。
比較のために、実施例6において、第一キャッピング層9として実施例1の化合物(1-13)に代えてAlq3を用いた以外は、同様の条件で有機EL素子を作製した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行った。
作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加した発光特性の測定結果を表2にまとめて示した。
比較のために、実施例6において、第二キャッピング層10として高屈折率のアリールアミン化合物(2-8)を2倍の膜厚60nmとなるように形成し、第一キャッピング層9を有しない有機EL素子を作製した。作製した有機EL素子について、大気中、常温で特性測定を行った。
作製した有機EL素子に直流電圧を印加した発光特性の測定結果を表2にまとめて示した。
2 金属陽極
3 正孔注入層
4 正孔輸送層
5 発光層
6 電子輸送層
7 電子注入層
8 陰極
9 第一キャッピング層
10 第二キャッピング層
Claims (11)
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のアダマンタン化合物を含む有機薄膜であって、波長400nm~700nmの範囲における屈折率が、1.60以下であることを特徴とする、有機薄膜。
- 少なくとも陽極電極、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層、陰極電極およびキャッピング層をこの順に有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子であって、前記キャッピング層が、請求項7に記載の有機薄膜であることを特徴とする、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 少なくとも陽極電極、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層、陰極電極およびキャッピング層をこの順に有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子であって、前記キャッピング層が第一キャッピング層および第二キャッピング層の2層構造であり、第一キャッピング層が、請求項7に記載の有機薄膜であることを特徴とする、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記第一キャッピング層の屈折率と第二キャッピング層の屈折率の差([第二キャッピング層の屈折率]-[第一キャッピング層の屈折率])が、0.2以上であることを特徴とする、請求項9記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 一対の電極とその間に挟まれた少なくとも一層の有機層を有する電子機器または電子素子であって、前記有機層に請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のアダマンタン化合物が、その構成材料として用いられていることを特徴とする、電子機器または電子素子。
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| US18/030,289 US20230365495A1 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2021-10-07 | Adamantane compound, organic electroluminescent device, and electronic apparatus |
| KR1020237010749A KR20230084144A (ko) | 2020-10-09 | 2021-10-07 | 아다만탄 화합물 및 유기 일렉트로루미네센스 소자, 전자 기기 |
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| CN117229192A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏三月科技股份有限公司 | 含有三氟甲基或全氟异丙基的双邻苯二甲酰亚胺类有机化合物及包含其的有机电致发光器件 |
| WO2024237322A1 (ja) * | 2023-05-18 | 2024-11-21 | 保土谷化学工業株式会社 | 芳香族化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子および電子機器 |
| EP4365164A4 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2025-07-09 | Dongjin Semichem Co Ltd | NOVEL COMPOUND FOR COVERING LAYER, AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
| EP4404719A4 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2025-10-01 | Samsung Display Co Ltd | NOVEL COMPOUND FOR ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE, AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
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| CN117343078A (zh) | 2021-11-25 | 2024-01-05 | 北京夏禾科技有限公司 | 有机电致发光材料和器件 |
| CN117843522A (zh) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-04-09 | 吉林奥来德光电材料股份有限公司 | 一种有机覆盖层材料及其制备方法和有机电致发光器件 |
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| EP4365164A4 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2025-07-09 | Dongjin Semichem Co Ltd | NOVEL COMPOUND FOR COVERING LAYER, AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
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| EP4404719A4 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2025-10-01 | Samsung Display Co Ltd | NOVEL COMPOUND FOR ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE, AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
| CN117229192A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏三月科技股份有限公司 | 含有三氟甲基或全氟异丙基的双邻苯二甲酰亚胺类有机化合物及包含其的有机电致发光器件 |
| WO2024237322A1 (ja) * | 2023-05-18 | 2024-11-21 | 保土谷化学工業株式会社 | 芳香族化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子および電子機器 |
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| EP4227288A4 (en) | 2025-03-12 |
| JP7748382B2 (ja) | 2025-10-02 |
| KR20230084144A (ko) | 2023-06-12 |
| CN116368118B (zh) | 2025-06-17 |
| CN116368118A (zh) | 2023-06-30 |
| JPWO2022075396A1 (ja) | 2022-04-14 |
| US20230365495A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
| TW202222769A (zh) | 2022-06-16 |
| EP4227288A1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
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