WO2022075260A1 - 二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム及び積層体 - Google Patents
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム及び積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022075260A1 WO2022075260A1 PCT/JP2021/036623 JP2021036623W WO2022075260A1 WO 2022075260 A1 WO2022075260 A1 WO 2022075260A1 JP 2021036623 W JP2021036623 W JP 2021036623W WO 2022075260 A1 WO2022075260 A1 WO 2022075260A1
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- biaxially oriented
- polyester film
- oriented polyester
- film
- layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09J7/255—Polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester film for molding used in the packaging field of pharmaceuticals, industrial products, etc. More specifically, the present invention relates to a laminated polyester film characterized in that the laminated body is excellent in moldability when laminated with a metal layer.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT Polybutylene terephthalate
- Nylon film has been used in conventional molding applications due to its excellent mechanical strength and flexibility.
- the nylon film is inferior in heat resistance as compared with, for example, PET film, there is a problem that not only the physical properties deteriorate due to thermal deterioration under high temperature and high humidity, but also the dimensional change due to moisture absorption. Therefore, in general, it may be used by laminating it with, for example, a PET film.
- the stress at 5% elongation and the stress difference at 15% elongation in the four directions of the film are 50 MPa or less and 70 MPa, respectively, and the elastic modulus is in the range of 2.0 GPa or more and 3.5 GPa or less.
- a polyester film that can be suitably used for inter-formation is disclosed.
- the crystalline polyester film tends to have low moldability and difficult to increase the laminating strength. Therefore, for example, when laminated with a metal layer, it is expected that the adhesion will be insufficient. If the adhesion to the metal layer is low, the stress generated by drawing during molding is not dispersed and deep drawing cannot be performed, which is likely to be unsuitable for deep drawing molding applications. Moreover, since the elongations in the four directions are close to each other, the orientation is presumed to be relatively isotropic. If the orientation is isotropic, it is highly possible that the deep drawing property is unsuitable for an anisotropic shape such as a rectangle that can be used satisfactorily in the present invention.
- the 5% elongation stress (F5) and the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the longitudinal machine direction and the transverse direction of the film are 1.5 ⁇ F10 / F5 ⁇ 1.0 and F10 ⁇ . It is disclosed that a polyester film characterized by being 120 MPa can be suitably used for molding applications.
- an easy-adhesive coating is applied on the polyester film to improve the adhesion to the metal layer and improve the moldability.
- the orientation is presumed to be relatively isotropic because the elongations in the longitudinal and width directions are close. If the orientation is isotropic, it is highly possible that the deep drawing property is unsuitable for an anisotropic shape such as a rectangle that can be used satisfactorily in the present invention.
- an object of the present invention is to obtain a biaxially oriented polyester film that can be suitably used for deep drawing molding after being laminated on a metal layer.
- the present inventors provided an adhesive layer and a base material layer on the base film, and the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature between the adhesive layer and the base material layer.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- the difference in reversible heat capacity ( ⁇ Cp) between the adhesive layer and the base material layer near the glass transition temperature is 0.10 or more and 0.45.
- the molecular orientation ratio measured using a molecular orientation meter is 1. Greater than 2.
- the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction is 90 MPa or more and 160 MPa or less.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film according to [1] which contains 60% by mass or more.
- the base material layer contains 100% by mass of the resin composition forming the base material layer, 60% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less of polyethylene terephthalate, and 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less of polybutylene terephthalate.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film according to [2] [4] The polyethylene terephthalate resin in which the adhesive layer is copolymerized is contained, and the content of the ethylene terephthalate unit is 75 mol% or more and 95 mol with respect to the polyester contained in the adhesive layer.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film according to any one of [1] to [3].
- [5] A laminate in which a metal layer is laminated on the adhesive layer side of the biaxially oriented polyester film according to any one of [1] to [4].
- [6] The laminate according to [5], wherein the metal layer is an aluminum layer having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less.
- [7] A packaging material using the laminate according to [6].
- a biaxially oriented polyester film having excellent interlayer adhesion of a laminate containing a metal layer and having excellent deep drawing formability for an irregular shape such as a rectangle can be obtained.
- Schematic diagram of reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) measurement Schematic diagram of the stretching pattern in the width direction of the exponential shape
- Schematic diagram of a method of shrinking a clip in the MD direction and performing a relaxation process in the MD direction Schematic diagram of a method of performing relaxation processing in the MD direction with a roll speed difference
- Top view of the mold used to evaluate the deep drawability of the laminate AA'cross-sectional view of the mold used to evaluate the deep drawability of the laminate
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is a film containing at least a base material layer and an adhesive layer.
- the base material layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention contains PET resin as a main component, and the content of PET resin is 60% by mass or more, assuming that the resin composition forming the base material layer is 100% by mass. It is preferably 70% by mass, more preferably 80% by mass.
- the stress (F10) is 10% elongation in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film, which leads to the improvement of deep drawability. ..
- the transparency is good, and when printed, the printing is clear and can be preferably used. Further, since the relatively inexpensive PET resin is the main component, the cost is low.
- the base material layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention can contain a polyester resin (B) other than the PET resin (A) for the purpose of adjusting the mechanical properties and stretchability.
- polyester resin (B) other than the PET resin (A) include polyester resins such as PBT, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), and polypropylene terephthalate (PPT).
- polyester resins ethylene glycol, and 1,3-propylene glycol in which dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid are copolymerized.
- dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid are copolymerized.
- 1,2-propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexanediol, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polycarbonate diol and other diol components were copolymerized.
- Glycol resin can be mentioned.
- PBT has excellent mechanical properties, and the stretchability is improved by adding a small amount.
- the yield yield stress in the stress-strain curve of the obtained biaxially oriented polyester film can be reduced. The lower the yield stress, the more the local stretching during drawing can be suppressed, and as a result, deeper drawing becomes possible. Further, it is preferable because it has good compatibility with PET resin and is excellent in transparency.
- the polyester resin (B) other than the PET resin (A) may not be contained, but by containing 10% by mass or more, the stretchability at the time of film production can be improved. In addition, the formability of the film can be improved.
- the upper limit of the content of the polyester resin (B) other than the PET resin (A) is 40% by mass or less, preferably 30% by mass or less, assuming that the resin composition forming the base material layer is 100% by mass. , More preferably 20% by mass or less. When the content is 40% by mass or less, the stress (F10) at 10% elongation in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film obtained can be increased, which leads to the improvement of deep drawing formability.
- the lower limit of the intrinsic viscosity of the PET resin (A) is preferably 0.45 dl / g, more preferably 0.50 dl / g, and most preferably 0.55 dl / g.
- the upper limit of the intrinsic viscosity of the PET resin (A) is preferably 0.80 dl / g, more preferably 0.75 dl / g, and most preferably 0.70 dl / g.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester resin (B) other than the PET resin (A) is preferably the intrinsic viscosity in which the melt viscosity of the PET resin (A) and the polyester resin (B) in the extruder is about the same.
- the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is formed from a resin composition containing PET resin as a main component.
- PET resin As a main component, the adhesion to the base material layer can be made high, and the decrease in the laminating strength due to delamination between the adhesive layer and the base material layer can be suppressed.
- the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention preferably contains a copolymerized polyester resin for the purpose of enhancing the adhesion to the metal layer.
- a copolymerized polyester resin for the purpose of enhancing the adhesion to the metal layer.
- copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate is preferable.
- the copolymerized polyester resin include a polyester resin obtained by copolymerizing a dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid, and / or.
- Diethylene glycol ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanediol, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polycarbonate diol
- a polyester resin in which a diol component such as the above is copolymerized.
- the lower limit of the content of the copolymerization component in the copolymerized polyester resin in the adhesive layer is preferably 5 mol%, more preferably 5 mol%, based on the terephthalic acid unit or the ethylene glycol unit of the polyester contained in the adhesive layer. It is 8 mol%, most preferably 11 mol%.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- the upper limit of the content of the copolymerization component in the copolymerized polyester resin in the adhesive layer is preferably 25 mol%, more preferably 22 mol, with respect to the terephthalic acid unit or ethylene glycol unit of the polyester contained in the adhesive layer. %, Most preferably 19 mol%.
- the content is 25 mol% or less, the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) of the adhesive layer becomes too large, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of blocking when the obtained biaxially oriented polyester film is used as a roll.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- F10 10% elongation stress
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention contains conventionally known additives such as lubricants, stabilizers, colorants, antioxidants, antistatic agents, and ultraviolet absorbers. May be.
- Lubricants can be included to adjust the coefficient of dynamic friction of the film.
- examples of the lubricant include inorganic fine particle lubricants such as silica, calcium carbonate and alumina, as well as organic lubricants. Silica and calcium carbonate are preferable, and porous silica is most preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both transparency and slipperiness.
- the lower limit of the lubricant content in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 100 mass ppm, more preferably 300 mass ppm, and most preferably 500 mass ppm. When the amount is 100 mass ppm or more, the slipperiness of the film can be improved.
- the upper limit of the lubricant content in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 10,000 mass ppm, more preferably 6000 mass ppm, and most preferably 2000 mass ppm. By setting the content to 10,000 mass ppm or less, the transparency of the film can be improved.
- the method for obtaining the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the T-die method is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficient stress during elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- F10 sufficient stress during elongation
- the inflation method it may be difficult to increase the draw ratio due to the manufacturing method, and it may be difficult to increase F10.
- F10 it is difficult to make a difference in orientation between the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- the raw material resin is melt-extruded using an extruder, extruded into a film from a T-die, cast on a cooling roll and cooled to obtain an unstretched sheet.
- a coextrusion method using a feed block, a multi-manifold, or the like is preferable.
- a dry laminating method, an extrusion laminating method, or the like can also be selected.
- the upper limit of the cooling roll temperature is preferably 40 ° C., more preferably 20 ° C. or lower.
- the lower limit of the cooling roll temperature is preferably 0 ° C.
- the temperature of the cooling roll is within the above range, it is preferable to lower the humidity of the environment near the cooling roll in order to prevent dew condensation.
- the thickness of the unstretched sheet is preferably in the range of 15 ⁇ m or more and 2500 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferably 600 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the stretching method can be either simultaneous biaxial stretching or sequential biaxial stretching, but sequential biaxial stretching is preferable from the viewpoint of easily making an orientation difference between the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- the lower limit of the stretching temperature in the longitudinal machine direction is preferably 90 ° C., more preferably 95 ° C., and particularly preferably 100 ° C. When the temperature is 90 ° C. or higher, breakage can be further suppressed.
- the upper limit of the stretching temperature in the MD direction is preferably 140 ° C., more preferably 135 ° C., and particularly preferably 130 ° C. When the temperature is 140 ° C. or lower, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the MD direction can be increased, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the lower limit of the draw ratio in the MD direction is preferably 3.5 times, more preferably 3.6 times, and particularly preferably 3.7 times. When it is 3.5 times or more, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the MD direction can be increased, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the draw ratio in the MD direction is preferably 4.5 times, more preferably 4.4 times, and particularly preferably 4.3 times. When it is 4.5 times or less, the effect of improving the stress at extension (F10) by 10% in the MD direction can be sufficiently obtained.
- the lower limit of the stretching temperature in the transverse direction (hereinafter, also referred to as the TD direction) is preferably 100 ° C., more preferably 105 ° C., and particularly preferably 110 ° C. When the temperature is 100 ° C. or higher, fracture is less likely to occur.
- the upper limit of the stretching temperature in the TD direction is preferably 140 ° C., more preferably 135 ° C., and particularly preferably 130 ° C. When the temperature is 140 ° C. or lower, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the TD direction can be increased, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the lower limit of the draw ratio in the TD direction is preferably 3.5 times, more preferably 3.6 times, and particularly preferably 3.7 times. When it is 3.5 times or more, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the TD direction can be increased, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the draw ratio in the TD direction is preferably 4.5 times, more preferably 4.4 times, and particularly preferably 4.3 times. When it is 4.5 times or less, the effect of improving the stress at extension (F10) by 10% in the TD direction can be sufficiently obtained.
- the stretching ratio in the MD direction (MD magnification) and the stretching ratio in the TD direction (TD ⁇ magnification) satisfy the following. TD magnification / MD magnification> 1.1
- the normal stretching pattern in the TD direction is a linear shape
- the exponential shape is a stretching pattern that stretches gently in the first half of stretching and greatly stretches in the second half of stretching. It has become.
- a method of relaxing in the MD direction in the latter half of the TD heat fixing zone is also preferable.
- the orientation in the MD direction is relaxed.
- the method of the relaxing process in the MD direction is not particularly limited, but for example, as shown in FIG. 3, there is a method of performing the relaxing process by shortening the interval between the clips holding the film in the MD direction.
- FIG. 3 shows a method of performing the relaxing process by shortening the interval between the clips holding the film in the MD direction.
- a method of removing the film gripped by the clip from the clip and then performing a relaxation process in the MD direction by adjusting the roll speed difference in the MD direction, or gripping the clip After cutting the film in the MD direction in front of the clip, there is a method of performing a relaxation process in the MD direction by adjusting the roll speed difference in the MD direction.
- the lower limit of the heat fixing temperature is preferably 170 ° C., more preferably 175 ° C., and particularly preferably 180 ° C. When the temperature is 170 ° C. or higher, the heat shrinkage rate can be made smaller.
- the upper limit of the heat fixing temperature is preferably 210 ° C, more preferably 205 ° C, and particularly preferably 200 ° C. When the temperature is 210 ° C. or lower, it is possible to suppress a decrease in 10% elongation stress (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction due to relaxation of the molecular orientation, and the deep drawing formability becomes good. In addition, it is possible to prevent the adhesive layer from becoming brittle due to the heat treatment at a high temperature, and as a result, the adhesion to the metal layer from being lowered.
- F10 10% elongation stress
- the lower limit of the relaxation rate in the MD direction is preferably 0.2%, more preferably 0.4%, and particularly preferably 0.6%. When it is 0.2% or more, the orientation in the MD direction can be relaxed, and the orientation in the MD direction and the orientation in the TD direction can be different.
- the upper limit of the relaxation rate in the MD direction is preferably 3.0%, more preferably 2.8%, and particularly preferably 2.6%. When it is 3.0% or less, shrinkage wrinkles can be prevented and flatness can be improved.
- the lower limit of the relaxation rate in the TD direction is preferably 0.5%, more preferably 1.0%, and particularly preferably 2.0%. When it is 0.5% or more, the heat shrinkage rate in the TD direction can be kept low.
- the upper limit of the relaxation rate in the TD direction is preferably 10%, more preferably 8%, and particularly preferably 6%. If it is 10% or less, it is possible to prevent slackening and the like, and it is possible to improve the flatness.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 15 ⁇ m. When the thickness is 5 ⁇ m or more, the strength of the film can be maintained and the deep drawability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 30 ⁇ m. By setting the thickness to 50 ⁇ m or less, cold molding becomes possible.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the base material layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 60%, more preferably 70%, and particularly preferably 80% with respect to the total thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film. be. When it is 60% or more, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction can be increased, and the deep drawing property becomes good.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the base material layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 96%, more preferably 90%, and particularly preferably 86% with respect to the total thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film. be. When the content is 96% or less, the effect of improving the adhesion of the adhesive layer to the metal layer can be obtained, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the adhesive layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 4%, more preferably 8%, and particularly preferably 12% with respect to the total thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film. .. When it is 4% or more, the effect of improving the adhesion to the metal layer can be obtained, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the adhesive layer in the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 40%, more preferably 30%, and particularly preferably 20% with respect to the total thickness of the biaxially oriented polyester film. .. When it is set to 40% or less, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction can be increased, and the deep drawing property becomes good.
- the upper limit of the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature in the substrate layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.05, more preferably 0.03, and particularly preferably 0.01. Is.
- the base material layer becomes sufficiently rigid, and the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction and the width direction can be increased.
- the lower limit of the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature of the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.10, more preferably 0.15, and particularly preferably 0.20. be. When the value is 0.10 or more, the effect of improving the adhesion to the metal layer can be obtained, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature of the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.45, more preferably 0.40, and particularly preferably 0.35. be. By setting it to 0.45 or less, blocking when it is made into a film roll can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the difference in the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature between the base material layer and the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.10, more preferably 0.15, and particularly. It is preferably 0.20.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the direction can be increased.
- the upper limit of the difference in the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) in the vicinity of the glass temperature transition between the base material layer and the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.45, more preferably 0.40, and particularly. It is preferably 0.35. By setting it to 0.35 or less, it is possible to suppress blocking when the film roll is used.
- the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature of each layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film in the present invention corresponds to the movable amorphous amount when the reversible heat capacity curve is measured by a temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimeter.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- the difference between the values before and after the shift is called the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp), which corresponds to the amount of movable amorphous in which the molecular chain can move near the glass transition temperature in the amorphous region of the biaxially oriented polyester film.
- ⁇ Cp reversible heat capacity difference
- the difference in the reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) near the glass transition temperature between the base material layer and the adhesive layer of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention indicates the difference in the movable amorphous amount between the base material layer and the adhesive layer.
- the lower limit of the molecular orientation ratio of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably larger than 1.20, more preferably 1.23, and particularly preferably 1.26. By making it larger than 1.20, for example, the deep drawing formability into a rectangular shape becomes good.
- the lower limit of the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the MD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 90 MPa, more preferably 95 MPa, and particularly preferably 100 MPa. When it is set to 90 MPa or more, stress distribution during drawing is possible, and deep drawing formability is improved.
- the upper limit of the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the MD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 160 MPa, more preferably 155 MPa, and particularly preferably 150 MPa. By setting the value to 160 MPa or less, troubles such as breakage in film formation can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the TD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 90 MPa, more preferably 95 MPa, and particularly preferably 100 MPa. When it is set to 90 MPa or more, stress distribution during drawing is possible, and deep drawing formability is improved.
- the upper limit of the 10% elongation stress (F10) in the TD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 160 MPa, more preferably 155 MPa, and particularly preferably 150 MPa. By setting the value to 160 MPa or less, troubles such as breakage in film formation can be suppressed.
- the upper limit of the haze of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 5.0%, more preferably 4.5%, and particularly preferably 4.0%. When it is 5.0% or less, the printing looks beautiful, which is preferable.
- the lower limit of the dynamic friction coefficient of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 0.2, more preferably 0.25, and particularly preferably 0.30. By setting it to 0.20 or more, the transparency can be increased as a result and the appearance is improved.
- the upper limit of the dynamic friction coefficient of the biaxially oriented polyester film for the present invention is preferably 0.55, more preferably 0.50, and particularly preferably 0.45. When it is 0.55 or less, the slip of the film is good and blocking can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage in the MD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 1.0%, more preferably 1.5%, and particularly preferably 2.0%. When it is set to 1.0% or more, as a result, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the longitudinal direction can be increased, and the deep drawing property becomes good.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage in the MD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 6.0%, more preferably 5.5%, and particularly preferably 5.0%. By setting the content to 6.0% or less, it is possible to reduce processing troubles due to film shrinkage in processes such as printing.
- the lower limit of the heat shrinkage in the TD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably ⁇ 1.0%, more preferably ⁇ 0.5%, and particularly preferably 0%. When it is set to ⁇ 1.0% or more, the stress at 10% elongation (F10) in the width direction can be increased as a result, and the deep drawing property becomes good.
- the upper limit of the heat shrinkage in the TD direction of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention is preferably 5.0%, more preferably 4.5%, and particularly preferably 4.0%. By setting the content to 5.0% or less, it is possible to reduce processing troubles due to film shrinkage in processes such as printing.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention may be subjected to a corona discharge treatment, a glow discharge treatment, a flame treatment, a surface roughening treatment, and a known anchor coating treatment as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. , Printing, decoration, etc. may be applied.
- a printing layer may be laminated on the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention.
- the printing ink forming the printing layer water-based and solvent-based resin-containing printing inks can be preferably used.
- the resin used for the printing ink include an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and a mixture thereof.
- Known additives such as antistatic agents, light blocking agents, ultraviolet absorbers, plasticizers, lubricants, fillers, colorants, stabilizers, lubricants, defoamers, cross-linking agents, blocking agents, antioxidants, etc.
- the agent may be contained.
- the printing method for providing the print layer is not particularly limited, and a known printing method such as an offset printing method, a gravure printing method, or a screen printing method can be used.
- a known printing method such as an offset printing method, a gravure printing method, or a screen printing method
- known drying methods such as hot air drying, hot roll drying, and infrared drying can be used.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention may be provided with a gas barrier layer such as an inorganic thin film layer or a metal foil as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the inorganic thin film layer is a thin film made of metal or an inorganic oxide.
- the material for forming the inorganic thin film layer is not particularly limited as long as it can be made into a thin film, but from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties, it is inorganic such as aluminum, silicon oxide (silica), aluminum oxide (alumina), and a mixture of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide. Oxides are preferred. In particular, a composite oxide of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide is preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both flexibility and denseness of the thin film layer.
- the mixing ratio of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide is preferably in the range of 20% or more and 70% or less of Al in terms of the mass ratio of the metal content.
- the inorganic thin film layer can be softened, and it is possible to prevent the thin film from being destroyed during secondary processing such as printing or laminating to reduce the gas barrier property.
- the silicon oxide referred to here is various silicon oxides such as SiO and SiO 2 or a mixture thereof
- the aluminum oxide is various aluminum oxides such as AlO and AL2O 3 or a mixture thereof.
- the film thickness of the inorganic thin film layer is usually 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, preferably 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- the film thickness of the inorganic thin film layer is 1 nm or more, a more satisfactory gas barrier property can be easily obtained.
- it is 100 nm or less, it is advantageous in terms of bending resistance and manufacturing cost.
- the method for forming the inorganic thin film layer is not particularly limited, and is known, for example, a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method) such as a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or an ion plating method, or a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method).
- PVD method physical vapor deposition method
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition method
- the method may be adopted as appropriate.
- a typical method for forming an inorganic thin film layer will be described using a silicon oxide / aluminum oxide thin film as an example.
- a mixture of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 or a mixture of SiO 2 and Al is preferably used as the vapor deposition raw material.
- Particles are usually used as these vapor deposition raw materials, but it is desirable that the size of each particle is such that the pressure at the time of vapor deposition does not change, and the preferable particle diameter is 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
- heating methods such as resistance heating, high frequency induction heating, electron beam heating, and laser heating can be adopted.
- oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, carbon dioxide gas, water vapor or the like as the reaction gas, or to adopt reactive vapor deposition using means such as ozone addition and ion assist.
- the film forming conditions can be arbitrarily changed, such as applying a bias to the film to be vapor-deposited (laminated film to be subjected to vapor deposition) or heating or cooling the film to be vapor-deposited.
- a bias to the film to be vapor-deposited (laminated film to be subjected to vapor deposition) or heating or cooling the film to be vapor-deposited.
- Such vapor deposition material, reaction gas, bias of the vapor-film-deposited body, heating / cooling, and the like can be similarly changed when the sputtering method or the CVD method is adopted.
- a print layer may be laminated on the inorganic thin film layer.
- the gas barrier layer made of metal oxide is not a completely dense film, but is dotted with minute defects.
- the resin in the protective compatible resin composition permeates the defective portion of the metal oxide layer.
- the effect of stabilizing the gas barrier property can be obtained.
- the gas barrier performance of the laminated film is greatly improved.
- Examples of the protective layer include urethane-based, polyester-based, acrylic-based, titanium-based, isocyanate-based, imine-based, and polybutadiene-based resins to which epoxy-based, isocyanate-based, and melamine-based curing agents are added. ..
- Examples of the solvent used for forming the protective layer include aromatic solvents such as benzene and toluene; alcohol solvents such as methanol and ethanol; ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethyl acetate and butyl acetate.
- Etc. and examples thereof include polyhydric alcohol derivatives such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
- a layer of another material may be laminated on the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention.
- a laminating method a method of laminating a biaxially oriented polyester film after production and a method of laminating during film formation can be adopted.
- the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention can be used as a packaging material by forming a heat-sealing resin layer (also referred to as a sealant layer) called a sealant on the biaxially oriented polyester film, for example.
- a heat-sealing resin layer also referred to as a sealant layer
- the formation of the sealant layer is usually performed by an extrusion laminating method or a dry laminating method.
- the thermoplastic copolymer forming the heat-sealable resin layer any material may be used as long as it can sufficiently exhibit the sealant adhesiveness, and HDPE and LDPE can be used.
- Polyethylene resins such as LLDPE, polypropylene resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin random copolymers, ionomer resins and the like can be used.
- the sealant layer may be a single-layer film or a multilayer film, and may be selected according to the required function. For example, in terms of imparting moisture resistance, a multilayer film in which a resin such as an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer or polymethylpentene is interposed can be used. Further, the sealant layer may contain various additives such as a flame retardant, a slip agent, an anti-blocking agent, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, and a tackifier.
- the thickness of the sealant layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less.
- the laminate of the present invention is one in which a metal layer is laminated on the adhesive layer side of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention.
- the metal layer may be laminated so as to be in direct contact with the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention, or may be laminated via another layer such as an adhesive layer.
- the metal of the metal layer examples include various metal elements (aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, etc.), and the aluminum layer is particularly preferable.
- the thickness of the metal layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of deep drawing formability.
- the lower limit of the tensile elongation at break of the laminate in which the metal layer is laminated on the adhesive layer side of the biaxially oriented polyester film of the present invention and the sealant layer is further laminated on the metal layer side is preferably 30%. It is more preferably 32%, and particularly preferably 34%. When it is set to 30% or more, the laminated body can be sufficiently stretched, and the deep drawing formability becomes good.
- the upper limit of the tensile elongation at break of the laminate is preferably 50%, more preferably 48%, and particularly preferably 46%.
- the content By setting the content to 50% or less, the mechanical strength of the laminated body can be increased, and troubles such as pinholes during deep drawing can be prevented.
- the inflection point was obtained using the attached analysis software (TA Analysis manufactured by TA Instruments), and the heat capacity difference before and after the inflection point (glass transition temperature: abbreviated as Tg) was calculated according to the following formula.
- the inflectional heat capacity difference was determined.
- the above-mentioned inflection point means a point where the value when the reversible heat capacity curve is differentiated twice is 0 when the reversible heat capacity curve is an ideal curve without unevenness.
- Reversible heat capacity difference ( ⁇ Cp) (heat capacity on the high temperature side)-(heat capacity on the low temperature side) An example of measuring the reversible heat capacity difference is shown in FIG.
- an extension of the baseline of the heat capacity curve on the higher temperature side than Tg is drawn.
- the baseline of the heat capacity curve in the range of Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 15 ° C. is linearly fitted by the least squares method, and is used as the extension line 3 of the baseline of the heat capacity curve on the higher temperature side than Tg.
- the intersection with the tangent line 2 at the inflection point (Tg) is obtained, and the value of the Y axis (reversible heat capacity) at this intersection is read and used as the heat capacity on the high temperature side.
- an extension of the baseline of the heat capacity curve on the lower temperature side than Tg is drawn.
- the baseline of the heat capacity curve in the range of Tg-15 ° C. to Tg-5 ° C. is linearly fitted by the least squares method, and is used as the extension line 4 of the baseline of the heat capacity curve on the lower temperature side than Tg. Then, the intersection with the tangent line 2 at the inflection point 1 (Tg) is obtained, the value of the Y axis (reversible heat capacity) at this intersection is read, and the heat capacity on the low temperature side is used as the heat capacity on the high temperature side and the heat capacity on the low temperature side. The difference was defined as the heat capacity difference ⁇ Cp. It was confirmed that the baseline shift of the above-mentioned reversible heat capacity measurement was not disturbed and the measurement was performed normally.
- [Molecular orientation ratio of film] Molecular orientation ratio of a sample cut out from the center of a biaxially oriented polyester film using a MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Measurement Co., Ltd. (maximum and minimum transmitted microwave intensity measured by the molecular orientation meter) The ratio of values) (maximum value / minimum value) was calculated. In the examples and comparative examples, the molecular orientation ratio (maximum value / minimum value) was the molecular orientation ratio (value in the TD direction / value in the MD direction).
- Heat shrinkage of biaxially oriented polyester film The heat shrinkage was carried out by a dimensional change test method based on JIS-C-2318, except that the test temperature was 150 ° C. and the heating time was 15 minutes.
- a urethane-based two-component curable adhesive was similarly bonded to the aluminum layer side of the laminate by a dry laminating method, and a 70 ⁇ m-thick unstretched polypropylene film (“P1147” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was bonded.
- the laminate was aged at 40 ° C. for 4 days to obtain a laminate.
- the bonding directions of the film and the aluminum layer used were all aligned with the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer formed of the urethane-based two-component curable adhesive after drying was 4 ⁇ m.
- the A layer and B layer are merged with a merging device, cast from a T-die at 280 ° C, and adhered to a cooling roll at 10 ° C by the electrostatic adhesion method.
- a merging device cast from a T-die at 280 ° C, and adhered to a cooling roll at 10 ° C by the electrostatic adhesion method.
- the content of silica particles in each layer was 0.1% by mass as the silica concentration when the entire resin composition in each layer was 100% by mass.
- the obtained unstretched sheet was stretched 4.0 times in the MD direction at a temperature of 115 ° C., and then passed through a tenter having a linear stretching pattern and stretched 4.6 times in the TD direction at 110 ° C., 190.
- a heat-fixing treatment at ° C. for 3 seconds and a relaxation treatment of 5% for 1 second were carried out to obtain a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- Table 1 shows the resin composition of the biaxially oriented polyester film and the film forming conditions.
- Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 2 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tenter stretching pattern was changed to an exponential shape. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 3 After heat-fixing treatment with a tenter, MD relaxation treatment was performed by shrinking the space between the TD clips. The relaxation rate in the MD direction was set to 3%. Other than that, a film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 4 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of the raw material input to the extruder 2 was changed so that the diethylene glycol component in the B layer was as shown in Table 1. Obtained. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 6 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thicknesses of the A layer and the B layer were changed as shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- a biaxially oriented polyester film was obtained. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 8 and 9 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film forming conditions shown in Table 1 were changed. Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 10 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin composition in the layer A was changed to the ratio shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 shows the physical characteristics of the obtained film and the evaluation results.
- Example 1 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of the raw material input to the extruder 2 was changed so that the diethylene glycol component in the B layer was as shown in Table 1. Obtained. Since the obtained film had a small ⁇ Cp difference and insufficient adhesion, the tensile elongation at break of the laminated body was low, and the deep drawing formability was insufficient.
- Example 2 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of the raw material input to the extruder 2 was changed so that the diethylene glycol component in the B layer was as shown in Table 1. Obtained. The obtained film had a small F10 and a low tensile elongation at break in the laminated body, so that the deep drawing formability was insufficient.
- Example 3 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the single layer structure was formed only in the A layer. Since the obtained film had no ⁇ Cp difference and lacked adhesion, the tensile elongation at break of the laminated body was low, and the deep drawing formability was insufficient.
- a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thicknesses of the A layer and the B layer were changed as shown in Table 1.
- the obtained film had a small F10, and not only the tensile elongation at break of the laminated body was low, but also the molecular orientation ratio was poor, so that the deep drawing formability was insufficient.
- Example 5 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film forming conditions shown in Table 1 were changed. Since the obtained film had an inappropriate molecular orientation ratio, the deep drawing formability of the laminated body was insufficient.
- Example 6 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film forming conditions shown in Table 1 were changed. The obtained film had a small F10 and a low tensile elongation at break in the laminated body, so that the deep drawing formability was insufficient.
- Example 7 A biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained by forming a film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin composition in the layer A was changed to the ratio shown in Table 1. In the obtained film, not only the F10 was small and the tensile elongation at break of the laminated body was low, but also the molecular orientation ratio was inappropriate, so that the deep drawing formability of the laminated body was insufficient.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、例えばナイロンフィルムと比較して硬くて脆いため、絞りの深い成形用途では成形が困難な場合があった。
しかしながら、ナイロンフィルムは例えばPETフィルムと比較して耐熱性に劣るため、高温高湿度下では熱劣化により物性が低下するだけでなく、吸湿による寸法変化の問題があった。そのため、一般的には例えばPETフィルムと積層して用いられることがある。
〔1〕 少なくともポリエステルを主成分とする基材層と接着層を含む二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムであって、下記要件(1)から(3)を満たす二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(1)接着層と基材層のガラス転移温度近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)の差が0.10以上0.45である
(2)分子配向計を用いて測定した分子配向比が1.2より大きい。
(3)長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)が90MPa以上160MPa以下である
〔2〕 基材層が、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを60質量%以上含む、〔1〕に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
〔3〕 基材層が、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを60質量%以上90質量%以下含む、ポリブチレンテレフタレートを10質量%以上40質量%以下含む、〔2〕に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム
〔4〕 接着層が共重合されたポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含み、接着層に含まれるポリエステルに対して、エチレンテレフタレート単位の含有量が75モル%以上95モル%以下であり、共重合成分の含有量が5モル%以上25モル%以下である、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか一項に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
〔5〕 〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層側に金属層が積層された積層体。
〔6〕 金属層が厚み15μm以上80μm以下のアルミニウム層である、〔5〕に記載の積層体。
〔7〕 〔6〕に記載の積層体を用いた包装材。
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
[基材層]
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの基材層はPET樹脂を主成分とするものであり、PET樹脂の含有率は、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、60質量%以上であり、好ましくは70質量%であり、より好ましくは80質量%である。PET樹脂の含有率を60質量%以上とすることで得られる二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を高めることができ、深絞り成形性の向上につながる。また、透明性が良好なものとなり、印刷した場合に印刷が鮮明で好適に用いることができる。また比較的安価なPET樹脂が主成分となるのでコストが安価となる。
PET樹脂(A)以外のポリエステル樹脂(B)としては、PBT、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)、ポリブチレンナフタレート(PBN)、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート(PPT)などのポリエステル樹脂が挙げられる。加えて、イソフタル酸、オルソフタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、ビフェニルジカルボン酸、シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸などのジカルボン酸が共重合されたポリエステル樹脂、エチレングリコール、1,3-プロピレングリコール、1,2-プロピレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、シクロヘキサンジオール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、ポリカーボネートジオール等のジオール成分が共重合されたポリエステル樹脂が挙げられる。
なかでも、PBTは力学特性に優れ、少量添加することにより延伸性が良くなる。また、得られる二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの応力‐ひずみ曲線における上降伏応力を低下させることができる。上降伏応力が低いほど絞り成形時の局所延伸を抑えることができ、結果的により深絞りが可能となる。また、PET樹脂との相溶性が良く透明性に優れるので好ましい。
前記PET樹脂(A)以外のポリエステル樹脂(B)の含有量の上限は、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、40質量%以下であり、好ましくは30質量%以下であり、より好ましくは20質量%以下である。40質量%以下とすることで得られる二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を高めることができ、深絞り成形性の向上につながる。
前記PET樹脂(A)の固有粘度の上限は好ましくは0.80dl/gであり、より好ましくは0.75dl/gであり、最も好ましくは0.70dl/gである。0.80dl/g以下とすることで、フィルム延伸時の応力が高くなりすぎることを抑制し、良好な製膜性を得ることができる。
前記PET樹脂(A)以外のポリエステル樹脂(B)の固有粘度は、前記PET樹脂(A)とポリエステル樹脂(B)の押し出し機での溶融粘度が同程度である固有粘度が好ましい。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層はPET樹脂を主成分とする樹脂組成物から形成されるものである。PET樹脂を主成分とすることで基材層との密着性を高いものとし、接着層-基材層での層間剥離によるラミネート強度の低下を抑えることができる。
共重合されたポリエステル樹脂としては、イソフタル酸、オルソフタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、ビフェニルジカルボン酸、シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸などのジカルボン酸が共重合されたポリエステル樹脂、及び/又はジエチレングリコール、エチレングリコール、1,3-プロピレングリコール、1,2-プロピレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキサンジオール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、ポリカーボネートジオール等のジオール成分が共重合されたポリエステル樹脂が挙げられる。
接着層中の共重合されたポリエステル樹脂中の共重合成分の含有量の上限は接着層に含まれるポリエステルのテレフタル酸単位あるいはエチレングリコール単位に対して、好ましくは25mol%であり、より好ましくは22mol%であり、最も好ましくは19mol%である。25mol%以下とすることで、接着層の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)が大きくなりすぎて、得られる二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムをロールとした場合にブロッキングが生じることを抑制することができる。また、長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)が低下するのを抑制することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムにおける滑剤含有量の上限は、好ましくは10000質量ppmであり、より好ましくは6000質量ppmであり、最も好ましくは2000質量ppmである。10000質量ppm以下とすることで、フィルムの透明性を良好なものとすることができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得るための方法として、特に限定はないが十分な長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を得る観点からTダイ方式が好ましい。インフレーション方式ではその製造方法に起因して延伸倍率が上がりにくく、F10を高めにくいことがある。また、長手方向と幅方向の配向差をつけにくい。
冷却ロール温度の下限は好ましくは0℃である。0℃以上であると、溶融したポリエステル樹脂組成物が冷却固化する際の結晶化抑制効果を十分に発揮できる。また、冷却ロールの温度を上記の範囲とする場合、結露防止のため冷却ロール付近の環境の湿度を下げておくことが好ましい。
MD方向の延伸温度の上限は好ましくは140℃であり、より好ましくは135℃であり、特に好ましくは130℃である。140℃以下であると、MD方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を高めることができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。
MD方向の延伸倍率の上限は好ましくは4.5倍であり、より好ましくは4.4倍であり、特に好ましくは4.3倍である。4.5倍以下であると、MD方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)向上の効果が十分に得られる。
TD方向の延伸温度の上限は好ましくは140℃であり、より好ましくは135℃であり、特に好ましくは130℃である。140℃以下であると、TD方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を高めることができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。
TD方向の延伸倍率の上限は好ましくは4.5倍であり、より好ましくは4.4倍であり、特に好ましくは4.3倍である。4.5倍以下であると、TD方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)向上の効果が十分に得られる。
具体的には、MD方向の延伸倍率(MD倍率)およびTD方向の延伸倍率(TD×倍率)が下記を満たすことが好ましい。
TD倍率/MD倍率>1.1
熱固定温度の上限は好ましくは210℃であり、より好ましくは205℃であり、特に好ましくは200℃である。210℃以下であると、分子配向の緩和による長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)の低下を抑制することができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。また、高温での熱処理によって接着層が脆くなり、結果的に金属層との密着性が低下することを抑制することができる。
MD方向のリラックス率の上限は好ましくは3.0%であり、より好ましくは2.8%であり、特に好ましくは2.6%である。3.0%以下であると収縮シワを防止でき、平面性を向上させることができる。
TD方向のリラックス率の上限は好ましくは10%であり、より好ましくは8%であり、特に好ましくは6%である。10%以下であると弛みなどが生じることを防止でき、平面性を向上させることができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの厚みの下限は好ましくは5μmであり、より好ましくは10μmであり、特に好ましくは15μmである。5μm以上とすることでフィルムの強度を維持することができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの厚みの上限は好ましくは50μmであり、より好ましくは40μmであり、特に好ましくは30μmである。50μm以下とすることで、冷間成形が可能となる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムにおける基材層の厚みの上限は好ましくは、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム全体の厚みに対して96%であり、より好ましくは90%であり、特に好ましくは86%である。96%以下とすることで、接着層による金属層への密着性向上効果を得られることができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムにおける接着層の厚みの上限は好ましくは、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム全体の厚みに対して40%であり、より好ましくは30%であり、特に好ましくは20%である。40%以下とすることで、長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)を高めることができ、深絞り性が良好なものとなる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層のガラス転移温度近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)の上限は好ましくは0.45であり、より好ましくは0.40であり、特に好ましくは0.35である。0.45以下とすることで、フィルムロールとしたときのブロッキングを抑制することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの基材層と接着層のガラス温度転移近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)の差の上限は好ましくは0.45であり、より好ましくは0.40であり、特に好ましくは0.35である。0.35以下とすることで、フィルムロールとしたときのブロッキングを抑制することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの基材層と接着層のガラス転移温度近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)の差は、基材層と接着層の可動非晶量の差を示す。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのMD方向における10%伸長時応力(F10)の上限は好ましくは160MPaであり、より好ましくは155MPaであり、特に好ましくは150MPaである。160MPa以下とすることで、製膜における破断等のトラブルを抑制することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのTD方向における10%伸長時応力(F10)の上限は好ましくは160MPaであり、より好ましくは155MPaであり、特に好ましくは150MPaである。160MPa以下とすることで、製膜における破断等のトラブルを抑制することができる。
本発明の用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの動摩擦係数の上限は好ましくは0.55であり、より好ましくは0.50であり、特に好ましくは0.45である。0.55以下とすることで、フィルムの滑りが良好でブロッキングを抑制することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのMD方向の熱収縮率の上限は好ましくは6.0%であり、より好ましくは5.5%であり、特に好ましくは5.0%である。6.0%以下とすることで、印刷等の工程におけるフィルムの収縮による加工トラブルを低減することができる。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムのTD方向の熱収縮率の上限は好ましくは5.0%であり、より好ましくは4.5%であり、特に好ましくは4.0%である。5.0%以下とすることで、印刷等の工程におけるフィルムの収縮による加工トラブルを低減することができる。
シーラント層の厚さは、10μm以上100μm以下が好ましく、20μm以上60μm以下がより好ましい。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層側に金属層を積層した本発明の積層体に、更に金属層側にシーラント層を積層した積層体の引張破断伸度の下限は、好ましくは30%であり、より好ましくは32%であり、特に好ましくは34%である。30%以上とすることで、積層体が十分に伸びることができ、深絞り成形性が良好なものとなる。
上記積層体の引張破断伸度の上限は、好ましくは50%であり、より好ましくは48%であり、特に好ましくは46%である。50%以下とすることで、積層体の力学強度を高いものとすることができ、深絞り成形時のピンホール等のトラブルを防ぐことができる。
[フィルムの厚み]
JIS K7130-1999 A法に準拠し、ダイアルゲージを用いて測定した。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの基材層及び接着層の表面を刃の剃刀替刃を用いて表面を削って、それぞれ測定用サンプルとした。
温度変調示差走査熱量計(DSC)「DSC250」(TA Instruments 社製)を用いて、サンプルをハーメチックアルミニウムパン内に5.0±0.2mgで秤量し、MDSC(登録商標)ヒートオンリーモードで、平均昇温速度2.0℃/min、変調周期40秒で測定し、可逆熱容量曲線を得た。得られた熱容量曲線において、付属の解析ソフト(TA Instruments社製 TA Analysis)を用いて変曲点を求め、変曲点(ガラス転移温度:Tgと略記する)前後の熱容量差を下記式にしたがって可逆熱容量差を求めた。ここで、上記の変曲点とは可逆熱容量曲線が凹凸の無い理想的な曲線である場合に、可逆熱容量曲線を二回微分した時の値が0である点をいう。
可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)=(高温側の熱容量)―(低温側の熱容量)
可逆熱容量差の測定例を図1に示した。ここで、熱容量曲線においてTgより高温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線を引く。Tg+5℃からTg+15℃の範囲の熱容量曲線のベースラインを、最小二乗法により直線フィッティングしたものを前記Tgより高温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線3とする。そして、変曲点(Tg)における接線2との交点を求め、この交点におけるY軸(可逆熱容量)の値を読み取り、高温側の熱容量とする。次に、Tgより低温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線を引く。ここで、Tg-15℃からTg-5℃の範囲の熱容量曲線のベースラインを、最小二乗法により直線フィッティングしたものを前記Tgより低温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線4とする。そして、変曲点1(Tg)における接線2との交点を求め、この交点におけるY軸(可逆熱容量)の値を読み取り、低温側の熱容量とし、高温側の熱容量と低温側の熱容量の値の差を熱容量差ΔCpとした。
なお、上記の可逆熱容量測定のベースラインシフトが乱れなく、測定が正常に行えたことを確認した。
王子計測株式会社製のMOA-6004型分子配向計を用いて、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの中央部から切り出した試料の分子配向比(分子配向計で測定された透過マイクロ波強度の最大値と最小値の比)(最大値/最小値)を求めた。実施例及び比較例においては、分子配向比(最大値/最小値)は、分子配向比(TD方向の値/MD方向の値)であった。
二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムから幅15mm、長さ180mmの試料を切り出した。切り出した試料を23℃、65%R.H.の雰囲気下で12時間エージングしたあと、23℃、65%R.H.の雰囲気下、チャック間100mm、引張速度360mm/分の条件で測定を行った。5回測定を繰り返し、フィルムが10%伸びた際の応力(10%伸長時応力)の平均値を用いた。測定装置としては島津製作所社製オートグラフAG-1を用いた。
JIS K7361-1に準拠し、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを1辺10cmの正方形状に切り出し、日本電飾(株)製ヘイズメーターNDH2000を用い、ヘイズ測定を行った。3か所で実施し、その平均値をヘイズ実測値とした。
JIS K-7125に準拠し、引張試験機(A&D社製テンシロンRTG-1210)を用い、23℃・65%RH環境下で、二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム表面と裏面とを接合させた場合の動摩擦係数を求めた。なお、上側のフィルムを巻き付けたスレッド(錘)の重量は、1.5Kgであり、スレッドの底面積の大きさは、39.7mm2であった。また、摩擦係数の測定の際の引張速度は、200mm/分であった。
熱収縮率は試験温度150℃、加熱時間を15分間とした以外は、JIS-C-2318に準拠した寸法変化試験法で実施した。
本発明の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層側にウレタン系2液硬化型接着剤「タケラック(登録商標)A525S」と「タケネート(登録商標)A50」(いずれも三井化学社製)を13.5:1.0(質量比)の割合で配合し、ドライラミネート法により厚さ40μmのアルミニウム層(東洋アルミニウム社製「アルミハク CE 8079」)を貼り合わせた。続けて、上記積層体のアルミニウム層側に、同様にウレタン系2液硬化型接着剤を、ドライラミネート法により厚さ70μmの無延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(東洋紡社製「P1147」)を貼り合わせた。この積層体を40℃で4日間エージングを施すことにより、積層体を得た。用いたフィルムおよびアルミニウム層の張り合わせ方向は全て長手方向と幅方向を揃えて実施した。なお、ウレタン系2液硬化型接着剤で形成される接着剤層の乾燥後の厚みはいずれも4μmであった。
前述の積層体から幅15mm、長さ180mmの試料を切り出した。切り出した試料を23℃、65%R.H.の雰囲気下で12時間エージングしたあと、23℃、65%R.H.の雰囲気下、チャック間100mm、引張速度360mm/分の条件で測定を行った。5回測定を繰り返し、アルミニウム層が破断した際の伸度の平均値を積層体の引張破断伸度とした。測定装置としては島津製作所社製オートグラフAG-1を用いた。
前述の積層体から長手方向15cm×幅方向10cmの試料を切り出した。この試料を図5および図6に示す金型に長手方向と幅方向を揃えてセットし、上からプレスをして絞り成形を行った。具体的には、幅(W)54mm、奥行(D)54mm、高さ(H)12mm、四隅がR=3mmの凹形状の金型上に積層体を配置し、フィルム抑えで積層体を抑えた状態で、金型に対応する形状のパンチでプレスした。絞り速度は6mm/sとした。
各絞り深さに対してN=10で実施し、N=10でフィルムの裂けやピンホールが発生しなかった時の最大の絞り深さをその試料の深絞り成形値とした。
基材層A層/接着層B層の2層構成とし、基材層A層となる押出機1に、PET樹脂(テレフタル酸//エチレングリコール=100//100(モル%)からなる固有粘度0.62dl/g、シリカ粒子配合)とPBT樹脂(テレフタル酸//ブタンジオール=100//100(モル%)となる固有粘度1.28dl/g)を投入した。次に基材層B層となる押出機2に、PET樹脂(テレフタル酸//エチレングリコール=100//100(モル%)からなる固有粘度0.62dl/g、シリカ粒子配合)と共重合PET樹脂(テレフタル酸//エチレングリコール/ジエチレングリコール=100//60/40(モル%)となる固有粘度0.62dl/g)をB層中のジエチレングリコール成分が17モル%となるような比率で投入した。それぞれの押出機にて樹脂を280℃で融解させた後、合流装置でA層とB層を合流させ、280℃のT-ダイスからキャストし、10℃の冷却ロールに静電密着法により密着させて2層構成の未延伸シートを得た。なお、各層中のシリカ粒子の含有量は、各層中の樹脂組成物全体を100質量%としたときに、シリカ濃度として0.1質量%とした。
次いで、得られた未延伸シートを115℃の温度でMD方向に4.0倍で延伸し、次いで延伸パターンが直線形のテンターに通して110℃でTD方向に4.6倍延伸し、190℃で3秒間の熱固定処理と1秒間5%の緩和処理を実施して、厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの樹脂組成、および製膜条件を表1に示した。また、得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
テンター延伸パターンを指数形に変えた以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
テンターで熱固定処理を施した後に、TDクリップ間を縮めることによりMDリラックス処理を施した。なお、MD方向のリラックス率3%となるようにした。そのほかは実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
B層中のジエチレングリコール成分が表1に記載の通りなるよう、押出機2への投入原料重量比率を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
A層とB層の厚みが表1に記載の通りなるように変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
B層を構成する押出機2への投入に、PET樹脂(テレフタル酸//エチレングリコール=100//100(モル%)からなる固有粘度0.62dl/g、シリカ粒子配合)と共重合PET樹脂(テレフタル酸//エチレングリコール/ネオペンチルグリコール=100//60/40(モル%)となる固有粘度0.62dl/g)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
表1に記載する製膜条件に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
A層中の樹脂組成が表1に記載する比率になるよう変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性および評価結果を表1に示した。
B層中のジエチレングリコール成分が表1に記載の通りなるよう、押出機2への投入原料重量比率を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはΔCp差が小さく、密着性が不足しているため積層体の引張破断伸度が低く、深絞り成形性が不足していた。
B層中のジエチレングリコール成分が表1に記載の通りなるよう、押出機2への投入原料重量比率を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはF10が小さく、積層体の引張破断伸度が低いため、深絞り成形性が不足していた。
A層のみの単層構成にした以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはΔCp差がなく、密着性が不足しているため積層体の引張破断伸度が低く、深絞り成形性が不足していた。
A層とB層の厚みが表1に記載の通りなるように変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはF10が小さく、積層体の引張破断伸度が低いだけではなく、分子配向比も不良であったため、深絞り成形性が不足していた。
表1に記載する製膜条件に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムは分子配向比が不適切なため、積層体の深絞り成形性が不足していた。
表1に記載する製膜条件に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはF10が小さく、積層体の引張破断伸度が低いため、深絞り成形性が不足していた。
A層中の樹脂組成が表1に記載する比率になるよう変更した以外は実施例1と同様に製膜して厚さ25μmの二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムはF10が小さく、積層体の引張破断伸度が低いだけではなく、分子配向比も不適切なため、積層体の深絞り成形性が不足していた。
2 変曲点(Tg)における接線
3 高温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線
4 低温側での熱容量曲線のベースラインの延長線
5 ガラス転移温度近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)
6 パンチ
7 フィルム押さえ
8 フィルム積層体
Claims (7)
- 少なくともポリエステルを主成分とする基材層と接着層を含む二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムであって、下記要件(1)から(3)を満たす二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
(1)接着層と基材層のガラス転移温度近傍の可逆熱容量差(ΔCp)の差が0.10以上0.45以下である
(2)分子配向計を用いて測定した分子配向比が1.2より大きい
(3)長手方向および幅方向の10%伸長時応力(F10)が90MPa以上160MPa以下である - 基材層が、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを60質量%以上含む、請求項1に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 基材層が、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物を100質量%として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを60質量%以上90質量%以下含む、ポリブチレンテレフタレートを10質量%以上40質量%以下含む、請求項2に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 接着層が共重合されたポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含み、接着層に含まれるポリエステルに対して、エチレンテレフタレート単位の含有量が75モル%以上95モル%以下であり、共重合成分の含有量が5モル%以上25モル%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の二軸配向ポリエステルフィルムの接着層側に、金属層が積層された積層体。
- 金属層が厚み15μm以上80μm以下のアルミニウム層である、請求項5に記載の積層体。
- 請求項6に記載の積層体を用いた包装材。
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- 2021-10-04 CN CN202180068064.3A patent/CN116438077A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-04 WO PCT/JP2021/036623 patent/WO2022075260A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-10-04 US US18/247,974 patent/US12215255B2/en active Active
- 2021-10-04 KR KR1020237013969A patent/KR20230084192A/ko active Pending
- 2021-10-06 TW TW110137095A patent/TW202214421A/zh unknown
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2022202569A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-29 | ||
| JP7679873B2 (ja) | 2021-03-24 | 2025-05-20 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム及び積層体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12215255B2 (en) | 2025-02-04 |
| KR20230084192A (ko) | 2023-06-12 |
| CN116438077A (zh) | 2023-07-14 |
| JP7444178B2 (ja) | 2024-03-06 |
| JPWO2022075260A1 (ja) | 2022-04-14 |
| EP4227091A1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
| TW202214421A (zh) | 2022-04-16 |
| US20230374349A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
| EP4227091A4 (en) | 2024-10-02 |
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