WO2022065390A1 - 測定感度算出方法、測定感度算出装置、測定感度算出プログラム、及び光学的測定装置 - Google Patents
測定感度算出方法、測定感度算出装置、測定感度算出プログラム、及び光学的測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4785—Standardising light scatter apparatus; Standards therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B9/02—Interferometers
- G01B9/02055—Reduction or prevention of errors; Testing; Calibration
- G01B9/02062—Active error reduction, i.e. varying with time
- G01B9/02067—Active error reduction, i.e. varying with time by electronic control systems, i.e. using feedback acting on optics or light
- G01B9/02069—Synchronization of light source or manipulator and detector
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
- A61B2562/0242—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00 for varying or adjusting the optical path length in the tissue
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a measurement sensitivity calculation method, a measurement sensitivity calculation device, a measurement sensitivity calculation program, and an optical measurement device.
- the continuous light method a method of measuring the amount of change in oxygen concentration with one light source and one receiver
- spatial decomposition a method of obtaining the absolute value of the oxygen concentration from the difference in the amount of spatial light with a pair of one light source and two photoreceivers
- the time-resolved method a method of obtaining the absolute value of the oxygen concentration from the difference in the amount of spatial light with a pair of one light source and two photoreceivers
- the time-resolved method a phase modulation method
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a measurement method using a continuous light method. Further, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a measurement method using a spatial decomposition method.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 2014/34285 Pamphlet
- Patent Document 2 US Pat. No. 5,902235
- Non-Patent Document 1 Masatsugu Niwayama, "Voxel-based measurement sensitivity of spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy in layered tissues", Biomedical Optics_2018 .3:
- the measurement depth in the spatial decomposition method there is a problem that if the measurement depth is set to about half of the distance between transmitters and receivers as in NIRS by the continuous light method, the error becomes large and the true measurement sensitivity cannot be obtained in principle. rice field.
- This disclosure has been made in consideration of the above facts, and is a measurement sensitivity calculation method, a measurement sensitivity calculation device, a measurement sensitivity calculation program, and an optical method capable of accurately calculating the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target.
- the purpose is to obtain a measuring device.
- the light emitted from the light emitter to the measurement target is the first from the light emitter.
- the first optical path length representing the length of the first optical path until the light is received by the first light receiver separated by one distance, and the light emitted from the light emitter are the second from the light emitter.
- the measurement sensitivity is measured for each depth of the measurement target, with the difference in optical path length between the second optical path length representing the length of the second optical path until light is received by the second light receiver separated by a distance as the measurement sensitivity.
- a process including a step of calculating the measurement sensitivity and a step of outputting the measurement sensitivity calculated for each depth of the measurement target is executed.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation method in the calculation step, a plurality of sets of two receivers having a combination in which at least one of the first distance and the second distance is different is selected and selected.
- the measurement sensitivity may be calculated for each depth of the measurement target.
- the output step is a set in which the depth of the measurement target is included in the depth range corresponding to the measurement sensitivity equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value among the plurality of sets of receivers.
- the first distance and the second distance of the light receiver may be output.
- the measurement target model is a model in which the measurement target is represented by a plurality of voxels, and the calculation step is the first optical path length and the first optical path length for each of the plurality of voxels.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation device is a first light receiving state in which the light emitted from the light emitter to the measurement target is separated from the light emitter by a first distance.
- the first optical path length which represents the length of the optical path until the light is received by the device, and the light emitted from the light emitter are received by the second light receiver separated by a second distance from the light emitter.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation program in the measurement target model representing the measurement target, the light emitted from the light emitter to the measurement target is separated from the light emitter by the first distance.
- a first optical path length representing the length of the first optical path until the light is received by the light receiver 1 and a second optical path length in which the light emitted from the light emitter is separated from the light emitter by a second distance.
- the step of calculating the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target using the difference in the optical path length between the second optical path length representing the length of the second optical path until the light is received by the light receiver and the optical path length as the measurement sensitivity, and the above-mentioned step.
- a process including a step of outputting the measurement sensitivity calculated for each depth of the measurement target is executed.
- the optical measuring device is a light emitter that emits light to a measurement target and three or more selected from a plurality of sets of receivers selected by the measurement sensitivity calculation method according to the first aspect.
- a light receiver a selection unit that selects two light receivers from the three or more light receivers, a calculation unit that calculates the degree of light absorption based on the light intensity of the light received by the two light receivers, and a calculation unit. To prepare for.
- the measuring unit that measures the optical flight time in the same positional relationship as the positional relationship between the light emitter and two predetermined receivers among the three or more receivers. And the absorption coefficient calculated based on the spatial inclination calculated based on the intensity of the light received by the two light receivers by emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths from the light emitter and the light flight time. And a specific unit for specifying the measurement target corresponding to the scattering coefficient, and the selection unit includes two of the three or more photoreceivers corresponding to the measurement target specified by the specific unit. The receiver may be selected.
- the optical measuring device is selected from a light emitter that emits light to a measurement target, three or more light receivers having different distances from the light emitter, and the three or more light receivers. It includes a selection unit that selects one photophore, and a calculation unit that calculates the degree of light absorption based on the light intensity of the light received by the two photophores.
- the light emitted from the light emitter to the measurement target is separated from the light emitter by a first distance.
- the first optical path length which represents the length of the first optical path until the light is received by the first light receiver, and the light emitted from the light emitter are separated from the light emitter by a second distance.
- At least one of the first distance and the second distance is measured by measuring the difference between the second optical path length representing the length of the second optical path until the light is received by the second receiver and the optical path length difference.
- a plurality of sets of two receivers having different combinations are selected, and the selected plurality of receivers correspond to the measurement target based on the calculation result obtained by calculating the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target.
- One receiver may be selected.
- the second distance is 14 mm or less. 2 receivers may be selected.
- the first distance is 1 ⁇ 2 of the second distance and the depth of the skin tissue.
- the first receiver and the first receiver corresponding to the first distance and the first distance closest to the second distance and the second distance satisfying the condition that is 1/5 of the second distance.
- the second receiver may be selected.
- the selection unit has the depth of the measurement target, the first distance, and the said, which are derived based on the calculation result of calculating the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target.
- the first receiver and the second receiver may be selected based on the correspondence of the second distance.
- the optical measuring device is a light emitter that emits light to a measurement target, two or more receivers having different distances from the light emitter, and at least one of the two or more receivers. It is provided with a measuring unit for measuring the optical flight time, which is adjacent to the light receiver.
- the spatial inclination calculated based on the intensity of the light received by the two or more light receivers by emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths from the light emitter, and the light.
- the configuration may include a calculation unit that calculates information on at least one of the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient based on the flight time.
- a specific unit that specifies the measurement target corresponding to at least one of the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient calculated by the calculation unit, and the measurement target specified by the specific unit. It may be configured to include a selection unit for selecting two or more receivers corresponding to the above.
- the measurement sensitivity can be calculated accurately for each depth of the measurement target.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of the measurement sensitivity calculation device 50.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation device 50 is a device including a general computer.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation device 50 includes a controller 51.
- the controller 51 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51A, a ROM (ReadOnlyMemory) 51B, a RAM (RandomAccessMemory) 51C, and an input / output interface (I / O) 51D.
- the CPU 51A, ROM 51B, RAM 51C, and I / O 51D are connected to each other via the system bus 51E.
- the system bus 51E includes a control bus, an address bus, and a data bus.
- the operation unit 52, the display unit 53, the communication unit 54, and the storage unit 55 are connected to the I / O 51D.
- the operation unit 52 includes, for example, a mouse and a keyboard.
- the display unit 53 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display or the like.
- the communication unit 54 is an interface for performing data communication with an external device.
- the storage unit 55 is composed of a non-volatile external storage device such as a hard disk, and stores the measurement sensitivity calculation program 55A, the measurement target model data 55B, the measurement target depth information 55C, and the like, which will be described later.
- the CPU 51A reads the measurement sensitivity calculation program 55A stored in the storage unit 55 into the RAM 51C and executes it.
- the CPU 51A functionally includes a calculation unit 60 and an output unit 61.
- the calculation unit 60 calculates the measurement depth for each depth of the measurement target using the measurement target model representing the measurement target.
- the measurement target include objects that absorb light, such as living organisms, agricultural products, and wood.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation device 50 is not limited to the medical equipment field, but is applied to products, services, etc. in the rehabilitation field, sports science field, or agricultural products. It can also be applied to quality control of various products such as wood.
- the measurement target model is a simulation model in which the layer structure of the measurement target, the light absorption coefficient, the light scattering coefficient, etc. are defined.
- FIG. 3 shows, as an example, a measurement target model M1 of gastrointestinal tissue as a measurement target.
- the layer structure of the gastrointestinal tissue ST is a one-layer structure.
- the calculation unit 60 determines that the light emitted from the light emitter 24 to the gastrointestinal tissue is separated from the light emitter 24 by a first distance D1.
- the first optical path length representing the length of the first optical path until the light is received by the light receiver 26 of 1 is calculated.
- the calculation unit 60 represents the length of the second optical path until the light emitted from the light emitter 24 is received by the second light receiver 26 separated by the second distance D2 from the light emitter 24.
- the measurement sensitivity is calculated for each depth to be measured, using the difference between the second optical path length and the optical path length as the measurement sensitivity.
- D1 ⁇ D2, and D1 and D2 are set to several tens of mm (for example, 40 mm) or less as an example.
- the measurement target model M1 is not shown in FIG. 3, but in the present embodiment, the measurement target is represented by a plurality of voxels as an example.
- the shape of the voxel a case where a cube having a side of 0.5 mm is used as an example in the present embodiment will be described, but the shape and size of the voxel are not limited to this.
- the calculation unit 60 calculates the measurement sensitivity by calculating the first optical path length and the second optical path length for each of the plurality of voxels, and integrates the measurement sensitivity calculated for each voxel for each depth to be measured. By doing so, the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target is calculated.
- the output unit 61 outputs the measurement sensitivity calculated for each depth of the measurement target. Specifically, the output unit 61 displays the measurement sensitivity calculated for each depth of the measurement target on the display unit 53 or stores it in the storage unit 55.
- FIG. 4 shows the thigh muscle measurement target model M2 as another example of the measurement target.
- the layered structure of the thigh muscle is a three-layer structure of skin SK, fat FA, and muscle MU.
- it is possible to specify a measurement target model for various human body parts such as brain tissue and forearm muscle.
- the measurement target model M when the measurement target model is not distinguished, it is referred to as the measurement target model M.
- step S100 a selection screen for the user to select a measurement target is displayed on the display unit 53, and the selection of the measurement target is accepted.
- the user operates the operation unit 52 to select a measurement target whose measurement sensitivity is to be calculated from a plurality of measurement targets.
- step S102 a selection screen for selecting a set of receivers 26 is displayed on the display unit 53, and selection of a set of receivers 26 is accepted.
- the user operates the operation unit 52 to select a plurality of sets of two photoreceivers 26 having a combination in which at least one of the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 is different.
- a set of receivers 26 that can be candidates in advance is excluded from the set of receivers 26 that are clearly considered to be out of scope. Let the user select multiple.
- the process of step S102 may be omitted, and the process of steps S104 to S114 may be executed for all the sets of the plurality of receivers 26.
- step S104 the length of the first optical path until the light emitted from the light emitter 24 to the measurement target is received by the first light receiver 26 separated from the light emitter 24 by the first distance D1.
- the first optical path length representing the above is calculated for each of a plurality of voxels.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows an optical path until the light emitted from the light emitter 24 is incident on the measurement target and is received by the light receiver 26.
- FIG. 6 shows the movement of the nth photon group.
- the photon group has an intensity of 1 at the time of incident, and the intensity is attenuated according to the Lambert-Beer law according to the absorption coefficient of the medium.
- the distance until the direction changes (scattering distance) and the direction after scattering are determined using random numbers. Assuming that the scattering coefficient of the medium in which the photon group exists is ⁇ s and the uniform random number from 0 to 1 is R, the scattering distance is ⁇ ln (R) / ⁇ s.
- Li and n be the photon lengths when the nth photon group passes through the voxel Vi while scattering, and let In be the intensity of the photon group when the photon group reaches the receiver 26.
- the average optical path length Li of the photon group that has passed through the voxel V i is expressed by the following equation.
- the optical path lengths Li and n when the photon group passes through the boxel Vi are weighted and added by the intensity In when they reach the receiver 26, and the photons that reach the receiver 26 are weighted and added. It is obtained by dividing by the sum of the photons of the group.
- the average optical path length is also simply referred to as an optical path length.
- step S104 the optical path length Li of the first optical path is calculated by the above equation (1) for all voxel Vi .
- step S106 the length of the first optical path until the light emitted from the light emitter 24 to the measurement target is received by the second light receiver 26 separated by the second distance D2 from the light emitter 24.
- the first optical path length representing the above is calculated for each of a plurality of voxels.
- the length of the second optical path until the light emitted from the light emitter 24 to the measurement target is received by the second light receiver 26 separated from the light emitter 24 by the second distance D2.
- the second optical path length to be represented is calculated for each of a plurality of voxels.
- the optical path length Li of the second optical path is calculated by the above equation (1) for all voxel Vi .
- step S108 the measurement sensitivity S i is calculated for each voxel V i .
- the measurement sensitivity S i is expressed by the following equation, where the first optical path length of the voxel V i is Li 1 and the second optical path length is Li 2.
- the measurement sensitivity S i is calculated by the difference between the second optical path length Lii 2 and the first optical path length Lii 1 .
- step S110 the measurement sensitivity Si of each voxel Vi calculated in step S108 is integrated for each depth.
- the measurement sensitivity Si of each voxel Vi is integrated every 1 mm in depth.
- the measurement sensitivity for each depth can be obtained.
- the measurement sensitivity S i of each voxel V i may be integrated every 0.5 mm, which is the length of one side of the voxel V i , and the unit of the depth for accumulating the measurement sensitivity S i can be arbitrarily set.
- FIGS. 7 to 10 show an example of the measurement sensitivity distribution in a contour diagram.
- FIG. 7 shows the measurement sensitivity distribution in a set of photoreceivers having a first distance D1 of 3 mm and a second distance D2 of 5 mm.
- 1 ⁇ 10 -1 (mm) to 1 ⁇ 10 -4 (mm) are represented by contour lines for positive measurement sensitivity
- 1 (mm), -1 ⁇ 10 -2 , and -1 ⁇ 10 -4 (mm) are represented by contour lines.
- the region of negative measurement sensitivity is a region that cannot be measured accurately.
- the measurement sensitivity distribution is represented by contour lines for convenience, but the actual measurement sensitivity is calculated by integrating the measurement sensitivity Si of each voxel Vi for each depth as described above. And do it.
- FIG. 8 shows the measurement sensitivity distribution in a set of photoreceivers having a first distance D1 of 5 mm and a second distance D2 of 7 mm.
- FIG. 9 shows the measurement sensitivity distribution in a set of photoreceivers having a first distance D1 of 9 mm and a second distance D2 of 14 mm.
- FIG. 10 shows the measurement sensitivity distribution in a set of photoreceivers having a first distance D1 of 20 mm and a second distance D2 of 30 mm.
- FIGS. 11 to 15 show graphs of measurement sensitivities corresponding to FIGS. 7 to 10, respectively.
- FIG. 7 is a graph of measurement sensitivity corresponding to FIG. 11, where the horizontal axis is the depth (mm) and the vertical axis is the measurement sensitivity.
- the depth at which the measurement sensitivity reaches the peak value P is about 1.5 mm.
- the depth of the half width W1 of the measurement sensitivity that is, the range of the depth at which the measurement sensitivity is 1 ⁇ 2 of the peak value is 0.3 to 3.6 mm.
- the depth of 1/10 width W2 that is, the range of the depth at which the measurement sensitivity is 1/10 of the peak value is 0 to 6.2 mm.
- the depth at which the measurement sensitivity reaches the peak value P is about 3.4 mm.
- the depth range of the full width at half maximum W1 of the measurement sensitivity is 1.2 to 6.4 mm.
- the depth range of 1/10 width W2 is 0.2 to 10.4 mm.
- the depth at which the measurement sensitivity reaches the peak value P is about 5 mm. Further, the depth range of the full width at half maximum W1 of the measurement sensitivity is 2.2 to 9 mm. Further, the range of the depth of 1/10 width W2 is 0.9 to 14 mm.
- the depth at which the measurement sensitivity reaches the peak value P is about 6 mm. Further, the depth range of the full width at half maximum W1 of the measurement sensitivity is 2.6 to 10.5 mm. The depth range of 1/10 width W2 is 0.8 to 14.5 mm.
- the peak value of the measurement sensitivity is different. Specifically, it can be seen that as the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 become longer, the depth of the peak value of the measurement sensitivity gradually increases.
- the depth of the predetermined sensitivity is output. That is, the depth of the predetermined sensitivity is displayed on the display unit 53 or stored in the storage unit 55.
- the depth of the predetermined sensitivity can be, for example, a depth in which the measurement sensitivity has a peak value, a depth in a range in which the measurement sensitivity has a full width at half maximum, a depth in a range in which the measurement sensitivity has a width of 1/10, and the like.
- the depth of measurement sensitivity other than these may be output.
- step S114 it is determined whether or not the processes of steps S104 to S112 have been executed for all the receiver sets selected in step S102, and if all the receiver sets have been executed, the process proceeds to step S116. On the other hand, if all the receiver sets have not been executed, the process proceeds to step S104, and the processes of steps S104 to S112 are executed for the unexecuted receiver sets.
- step S116 the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 in the set of receivers suitable for the measurement target are output.
- the depth of the measurement target selected in step S100 is acquired by referring to the measurement target depth information 55C.
- the measurement target depth information 55C is information on the depth of various types of measurement targets. Then, for example, among the plurality of sets of receivers 26, the first distance D1 and the second distance D1 in the set of receivers 26 in which the depth of the measurement target is included in the depth range corresponding to the measurement sensitivity equal to or higher than the predetermined threshold value.
- the distance D2 is output.
- the threshold value may be, for example, a measurement sensitivity slightly smaller than the peak value (for example, a measurement sensitivity slightly smaller than the peak value by several percent), a measurement sensitivity of a half price range, that is, a measurement sensitivity of 1/2 of the peak value, and depending on the measurement application.
- the measurement sensitivity may be 1/10 width, that is, 1/10 of the peak value.
- the threshold value is set to 1/2 of the peak value and the depth of the measurement target is 10 mm, the depth of 10 mm is included in the depth range corresponding to the measurement sensitivity of 1/2 or more of the peak value.
- the measurement sensitivity is calculated for each voxel using the measurement target model in which the measurement target is represented by a plurality of voxels, and the measurement sensitivity for each depth is calculated by integrating the measurement sensitivity for each depth. do.
- the measurement sensitivity can be calculated accurately for each depth of the measurement target, and a set of light receivers suitable for the measurement target can be easily specified.
- the measurement sensitivity is calculated for each depth of the measurement target with the optical path length difference as the measurement sensitivity, so that the calculation efficiency is improved.
- the method of calculating the optical path length described in steps S104 and S106 of FIG. 5 is an example. Since the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the like differ depending on the number of layers and the medium of the measurement target model, it is preferable to calculate the optical path length by using the optical path length calculation method corresponding to the measurement target model.
- FIG. 15 shows a schematic configuration of the optical measuring device 10.
- the optical measuring device 10 includes a probe 12, a driving device 14, a control unit 16, an operation unit 18, a memory 20, and an output unit 22.
- the probe 12 has a light emitter 24, a plurality of light receivers 26, a light emitter 40 for ToF, and two light receivers 42 for ToF, for example, on a flat plate-shaped member (for example, a rubber member) 28 having flexibility. It is a provided configuration.
- a light emitting diode (LED) is used as an example in this embodiment, and a photodiode is used as the light receiver 26.
- the probe 12 is attached to an endoscope used in surgery for, for example, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, etc., and more specifically, to the tip of forceps of the endoscope.
- the optical measuring device 10 measures the oxygen concentration and the like in a state where the probe 12 is in contact with the measurement target 30 such as the esophageal tube and the stomach wall.
- the measured oxygen concentration and the like are taken into consideration when deciding how far to excise the esophageal tube and stomach wall.
- the light emitter 24 is a light emitting diode having two wavelengths, the peak wavelength of which is the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second wavelength ⁇ 2, as an example.
- the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 are set to wavelengths that absorb less hemoglobin and water, specifically two different wavelengths in the range of 700 nm to 900 nm.
- the first wavelength ⁇ 1 is 770 nm and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 is 830 nm.
- the light emitter 24 and each receiver 26 are arranged with different distances from each other, and three or more receivers 26 are arranged in a row.
- the three or more receivers 26 are selected as a set of receivers suitable for the measurement target obtained by the measurement sensitivity calculation device 50 described in the first embodiment performing the measurement sensitivity calculation process of FIG. It is a thing. That is, the distance between the three or more photoreceivers 26 and the light emitter 24 is a distance suitable for the measurement target measured by the optical measuring device 10.
- the light emitter 40 for ToF emits pulsed light in order to measure the flight time (Time of Light: ToF) of the light.
- the light emitter 40 for ToF is provided in the vicinity of the light emitter 24.
- the two ToF receivers 42 receive the light emitted from the ToF light emitter 40.
- the two ToF receivers 42 are provided in the vicinity of the two predetermined receivers 26 among the plurality of receivers 26, respectively. That is, the light emitter 40 for ToF and the two receivers 42 for ToF are arranged in the same positional relationship as the positional relationship between the light emitter 24 and the two light receivers 26.
- the ToF light emitter 40 and the two ToF receivers 42 are examples of the measuring unit.
- the drive device 14 includes an LED driver 32, a selection circuit 33, an IV converter 34, and an amplifier 36.
- the LED driver 32 causes the light emitter 24 to emit light at a predetermined wavelength and a predetermined light intensity according to an instruction from the control unit 16.
- the selection circuit 33 selects two photoreceivers 26 according to the instruction from the control unit 16, and outputs the outputs from the two selected photoreceivers 26 to the IV converter 34.
- the IV converter 34 converts the current obtained by photoelectric conversion of the light received by the light receiver 26 selected by the selection circuit 33 into a voltage and outputs the current to the amplifier 36.
- the amplifier 36 amplifies the voltage converted by the IV converter 34 to a predetermined level voltage, and outputs the signal indicating the light intensity to the control unit 16.
- the control unit 16 instructs the selection circuit 33 to select two light receivers 26, and also instructs the LED driver 32 to emit light from the light emitter 24, and the resulting two selected light receivers are obtained.
- the hemoglobin concentration and the like are calculated based on the light intensity of the light received in 26.
- the calculation result is output to the output unit 22.
- the output unit 22 is composed of, for example, a display, a printer, or the like, and outputs by displaying or printing the calculation result.
- the memory 20 stores in advance a program of a measurement processing routine to be described later, data used in the processing, and data related to a simulation result executed in advance.
- the probe 12 When measuring, the probe 12 is brought into contact with the measurement target of the person to be measured, and the operation unit 18 is operated to instruct the start of measurement. As a result, the process shown in FIG. 16 is started.
- step S200 the method of selecting the measurement target is accepted.
- the user operates the operation unit 18 to instruct whether the measurement target is automatically selected or manually selected.
- step S202 it is determined whether or not the selection method accepted in step S200 is automatic, and if it is manual, the process proceeds to step S204, and if it is automatic, the process proceeds to step S206.
- step S204 the measurement target is accepted.
- the user manually instructs the measurement target to be measured by operating the operation unit 18.
- the process proceeds to step S216.
- step S206 the light of the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 is sequentially emitted from the light emitter 24, and the light intensity of the light received by the two predetermined light receivers 26 is acquired.
- step S208 the spatial inclination in the spatial decomposition method is calculated based on the light intensity acquired in step S206.
- a known method described in Japanese Patent No. 5062698 is used.
- step S210 the ToF light emitter 40 is made to emit light, and the ToF until the emitted light is received by the ToF light receiver 42 is measured.
- step S212 the spatial inclination calculated in step S208 and the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient corresponding to the ToF measured in step S210 are obtained.
- table data representing the correspondence between the spatial slope and ToF and the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient obtained in advance from a theoretical analysis database or the like is stored in the memory 20 in advance, and the table data is referred to.
- the spatial inclination calculated in step S208 and the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient corresponding to ToF measured in step S210 are obtained.
- step S214 the measurement target corresponding to the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient obtained in step S212 is specified.
- table data showing the correspondence between the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient and the measurement target is stored in the memory 20 in advance, and the table data is referred to to correspond to the absorption coefficient and the scattering coefficient obtained in step S212.
- step S216 a set of photoreceivers corresponding to the measurement target specified in step S214 is selected.
- table data showing the correspondence relationship between the measurement target and the receiver set is stored in the memory 20 in advance, and the table data is referred to to obtain the receiver set corresponding to the measurement target specified in step S214.
- step S218 the measurement process is executed. That is, the light of the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 is sequentially emitted from the light emitter 24, and the light intensity of the light received by the two light receivers 26 selected in step S216 is acquired. Then, the degree of light absorption is calculated based on the acquired light intensity. In addition, the hemoglobin concentration and the like are calculated based on the degree of light absorption. For the calculation of the degree of light absorption, the hemoglobin concentration and the like, for example, a known method described in Japanese Patent No. 5062698 can be used.
- step S220 the measurement result of step S218 is output to the output unit 22.
- the measurement target can be automatically specified, so that the user can save the trouble of manually specifying the measurement target.
- the user can manually specify the measurement target, which improves convenience.
- the configuration in which the two ToF receivers 42 are provided in the vicinity of the two predetermined receivers 26 among the plurality of receivers 26 has been described, but one ToF receiver 42 has been described.
- the configuration may be such that the vessel 42 is provided.
- one ToF receiver 42 is arranged at a position in consideration of balance so as to be close to both of the two predetermined receivers 26.
- the ToF receiver 42 may be provided at an intermediate position between the two predetermined receivers 26. That is, the ToF receiver 42 may be provided at a position where the distances from each of the two predetermined receivers 26 are equidistant.
- the measurement target model of the skin tissue (including the subcutaneous tissue) as the measurement target is used, the second distance D2 is set to 5 mm, and the first distance D1 is set to 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 5 (mm). ), And the result of simulating the measurement sensitivity (Sensitivity) for each measurement depth (Depth) is shown.
- the measurement sensitivity takes a value in the range of ⁇ 1.0 to 1.0, is color-coded by positive sensitivity and negative sensitivity, and is displayed as a gradation by changing the density according to the value. ing.
- the dark-colored region of the region A1 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity.
- the peak measurement sensitivity is a measurement sensitivity at which the measurement sensitivity is 1 (mm).
- the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 1 (mm) or more and 2 (mm) or less.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 17, except that the second distance D2 is 8 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 8 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A2 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity. As shown in FIG. 18, it can be seen that the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 1.5 (mm) or more and 2.5 (mm) or less.
- the area B2 surrounded by the broken line has a negative measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 17, except that the second distance D2 is 14 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 14 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A3 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 2.0 (mm) or more and 4.0 (mm) or less.
- the area B3 surrounded by the broken line has a negative measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 17, except that the second distance D2 is 30 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 30 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A4 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity. As shown in FIG. 20, it can be seen that the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 3.0 (mm) or more and 6.5 (mm) or less.
- the area B4 surrounded by the broken line has a negative measurement sensitivity.
- the second distance is obtained. It is preferable to select a second photoreceiver 26 having a D1 of 14 mm or less.
- the present inventor performed the same simulation as in FIGS. 17 to 20 for various second distances D2 other than the second distance D2 shown in FIGS. 17 to 20. From the simulation results shown in FIGS. 17 to 20 and the simulation results other than those shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, it was found that the measurement depth becomes deeper as the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 become longer.
- the measurement depth Dp is approximated by 1/5 of the second distance D2 when the first distance D1 is about half of the second distance D2.
- the correspondence between the measurement depth Dp1 and the second distance D2 is expressed by the following equation.
- Dp1 0.090 x D1 + 0.079 x D2 + 0.85 ... (4)
- the first distance D1 is 1/2 of the second distance D2, and the skin tissue to be measured is desired.
- the first receiver corresponding to the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 closest to the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 satisfying the condition that the depth of is 1/5 of the second distance D2. 26 and a second photoreceiver 26 may be selected.
- the depth of the measurement target, the first distance, and the second are derived based on the calculation result obtained by calculating the measurement sensitivity for each depth of the measurement target.
- the first light receiver 26 and the second light receiver 26 may be selected based on the correspondence of distances.
- the first receiver 26 and the second receiver 26 may be selected based on the above equation (4).
- the second distance D2 is set to 5 mm
- the first distance D1 is made variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 5 (mm). Except for this, the results of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each measurement depth under the same conditions as in FIG. 17 are shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A5 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 0.5 (mm) or more and 1.5 (mm) or less. In FIG. 21, there is no region where the measurement sensitivity is negative.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 21 except that the second distance D2 is 8 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 8 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A6 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 1.0 (mm) or more and 2.0 (mm) or less. In FIG. 22, there is no region where the measurement sensitivity is negative.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 21 except that the second distance D2 is 14 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 14 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A7 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity. As shown in FIG. 23, it can be seen that the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 2.5 (mm) or more and 4.0 (mm) or less.
- the measurement sensitivity is negative in the region B7 surrounded by the broken line.
- the measurement depth is measured under the same conditions as in FIG. 21 except that the second distance D2 is 30 mm and the first distance D1 is variable in the range of 0 (mm) ⁇ D1 ⁇ 30 (mm). The result of simulating the measurement sensitivity for each is shown.
- the dark-colored region of the region A8 surrounded by the broken line is the peak measurement sensitivity.
- the measurement sensitivity peaks in the range where the measurement depth is 3.0 (mm) or more and 5.5 (mm) or less.
- the measurement sensitivity is negative in the region B8 surrounded by the broken line.
- the present inventor performed the same simulation as in FIGS. 21 to 24 for various second distances D2 other than the second distance D2 shown in FIGS. 21 to 24. Then, from the simulation results shown in FIGS. 21 to 24 and the simulation results other than those shown in FIGS. 21 to 24, when the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are the same as compared with the case where the measurement target is the skin tissue. It was found that the measurement depth at which the measurement sensitivity peaks is slightly shallower.
- the difference between the measurement depth Dp1 of the skin tissue and the Dp2 of the gastrointestinal tissue is in the range of 10% or more and 20% or less, and the same measurement sensitivity calculation device. It was found that the measurement sensitivity distributions of the two tissues can be calculated.
- the measurement depth can be changed in the range of 1 to 5 mm by appropriately selecting the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 according to the depth of the measurement target and the type of tissue.
- the present embodiment does not limit the invention according to the claim, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are indispensable for the means for solving the invention.
- the embodiments described above include inventions at various stages, and various inventions are extracted by combining a plurality of disclosed constituent requirements. Even if some constituents are deleted from all the constituents shown in the embodiment, the configuration in which some of the constituents are deleted can be extracted as an invention as long as the effect is obtained.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation program 55A may be stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) and provided, or may be provided via a network.
- a storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) and provided, or may be provided via a network.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation process is realized by the software configuration by using the computer by executing the program
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the measurement sensitivity calculation process may be realized by a hardware configuration or a combination of a hardware configuration and a software configuration.
- processing flow of the measurement sensitivity calculation program described in the above embodiment is also an example, and unnecessary steps are deleted or new steps are added within the range not deviating from the gist of the present disclosure. Needless to say, the processing order may be changed.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2:米国特許第5902235号明細書
非特許文献1:Masatsugu Niwayama, "Voxel-based measurement sensitivity of spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy in layered tissues", Biomedical Optics_2018.3:
図1は、測定感度算出装置50のハードウェア構成を示す図である。測定感度算出装置50は、一般的なコンピュータを含む装置である。
次に、第3実施形態について説明する。第3実施形態では、第1の距離D1及び第2の距離D2の複数の組み合わせにおける測定感度のシミュレーション結果について説明する。
Dp≒D2/5 ・・・(3)
ただし、D1≒D2/2
Dp1=0.090×D1+0.079×D2+0.85 ・・・(4)
Dp2=0.041×D1+0.073×D2+0.76 ・・・(5)
12 プローブ
14 駆動装置
16 制御部
24 発光器
26 受光器
33 選択回路
40 ToF用発光器
42 ToF用受光器
50 測定感度算出装置
51 コントローラ
55 記憶部
55A 測定感度算出プログラム
55B 測定対象モデルデータ
55C 測定対象深度情報
60 算出部
61 出力部
D1 第1の距離
D2 第2の距離
M 測定対象モデル
Claims (14)
- 測定対象を表す測定対象モデルにおいて、発光器から前記測定対象に対して発光された光が、前記発光器から第1の距離だけ離間した第1の受光器で受光されるまでの第1の光路の長さを表す第1の光路長と、前記発光器から発光された光が、前記発光器から第2の距離だけ離間した第2の受光器で受光されるまでの第2の光路の長さを表す第2の光路長と、の光路長差を測定感度として、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出する算出部と、
前記測定対象の深度毎に算出した前記測定感度を出力する出力部と、
を含む処理を実行する測定感度算出装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記第1の距離及び前記第2の距離の少なくとも一方が異なる組み合わせの2つの受光器の組を複数組選択し、選択した複数組の受光器について、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出する
請求項1記載の測定感度算出装置。 - 前記出力部は、前記複数組の受光器のうち、前記測定対象の深度が、予め定めた閾値以上の測定感度に対応する深度範囲に含まれる組の受光器における前記第1の距離及び前記第2の距離を出力する
請求項2記載の測定感度算出装置。 - 前記測定対象モデルは、前記測定対象を複数のボクセルで表したモデルであり、
前記算出部は、前記複数のボクセル毎に前記第1の光路長及び前記第2の光路長を算出して前記測定感度を算出し、前記測定対象の深度毎の各ボクセルについて算出された前記測定感度を積算することにより、前記測定対象の深度毎の前記測定感度を算出する
請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の測定感度算出装置。 - 測定対象を表す測定対象モデルにおいて、発光器から前記測定対象に対して発光された光が、前記発光器から第1の距離だけ離間した第1の受光器で受光されるまでの光路の長さを表す第1の光路長と、前記発光器から発光された光が、前記発光器から第2の距離だけ離間した第2の受光器で受光されるまでの光路の長さを表す第2の光路長と、の光路長差を測定感度として、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出するステップと、
前記測定対象の深度毎に算出した前記測定感度を出力するステップと、
を備えた測定感度算出方法。 - コンピュータに、
測定対象を表す測定対象モデルにおいて、発光器から前記測定対象に対して発光された光が、前記発光器から第1の距離だけ離間した第1の受光器で受光されるまでの第1の光路の長さを表す第1の光路長と、前記発光器から発光された光が、前記発光器から第2の距離だけ離間した第2の受光器で受光されるまでの第2の光路の長さを表す第2の光路長と、の光路長差を測定感度として、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出するステップと、
前記測定対象の深度毎に算出した前記測定感度を出力するステップと、
を含む処理を実行させる測定感度算出プログラム。 - 測定対象に対して発光する発光器と、
前記発光器からの距離が異なる3つ以上の受光器と、
前記3つ以上の受光器から選択された2つの受光器を選択する選択部と、
前記2つの受光器で受光した光の光強度に基づいて、光の吸収度合いを算出する演算部と、
を備えた光学的測定装置。 - 前記選択部は、測定対象を表す測定対象モデルにおいて、発光器から前記測定対象に対して発光された光が、前記発光器から第1の距離だけ離間した第1の受光器で受光されるまでの第1の光路の長さを表す第1の光路長と、前記発光器から発光された光が、前記発光器から第2の距離だけ離間した第2の受光器で受光されるまでの第2の光路の長さを表す第2の光路長と、の光路長差を測定感度として、前記第1の距離及び前記第2の距離の少なくとも一方が異なる組み合わせの2つの受光器の組を複数組選択し、選択した複数組の受光器について、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出した算出結果に基づいて、前記測定対象に対応する2つの受光器を選択する
請求項7記載の光学的測定装置。 - 前記選択部は、前記測定対象が皮膚組織であって測定対象の深度が1mm以上で且つ3mm以下の場合、前記第2の距離が14mm以下の前記第2の受光器を選択する
請求項8記載の光学的測定装置。 - 前記選択部は、前記測定対象が皮膚組織の場合、前記第1の距離が前記第2の距離の1/2であり、且つ、前記皮膚組織の深度が前記第2の距離の1/5となる条件を満たす前記第1の距離及び前記第2の距離に最も近い前記第1の距離及び前記第2の距離に対応する前記第1の受光器及び前記第2の受光器を選択する
請求項8記載の光学的測定装置。 - 前記選択部は、前記測定対象の深度毎に前記測定感度を算出した算出結果に基づいて導出した前記測定対象の深度、前記第1の距離、及び前記第2の距離の対応関係に基づいて、前記第1の受光器及び前記第2の受光器を選択する
請求項8記載の光学的測定装置。 - 測定対象に対して発光する発光器と、
前記発光器からの距離が異なる2つ以上の受光器と、
前記2つ以上の受光器のうち少なくとも1つの受光器に隣接する、光飛行時間を測定する測定部と、
を備えた光学的測定装置。 - 前記発光器から複数の波長の光を発光させて、前記2つ以上の受光器で受光した光の強度に基づいて算出した空間的傾きと、前記光飛行時間と、に基づいて吸収係数及び散乱係数の少なくとも一方に関する情報を算出する算出部
を備えた請求項12記載の光学的測定装置。 - 前記算出部により算出された前記吸収係数及び散乱係数の少なくとも一方に対応する前記測定対象を特定する特定部と、
前記特定部により特定された前記測定対象に対応する2つ以上の受光器を選択する選択部と、
を備えた請求項13記載の光学的測定装置。
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| US20230366669A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
| JP7813039B2 (ja) | 2026-02-12 |
| JPWO2022065390A1 (ja) | 2022-03-31 |
| EP4218605A1 (en) | 2023-08-02 |
| EP4218605A4 (en) | 2025-01-01 |
| US12422246B2 (en) | 2025-09-23 |
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