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WO2022061689A1 - 可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件 - Google Patents

可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022061689A1
WO2022061689A1 PCT/CN2020/117626 CN2020117626W WO2022061689A1 WO 2022061689 A1 WO2022061689 A1 WO 2022061689A1 CN 2020117626 W CN2020117626 W CN 2020117626W WO 2022061689 A1 WO2022061689 A1 WO 2022061689A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustible poison
rod
combustible
pellets
burnable poison
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/117626
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
厉井钢
徐非
马云帆
陈俊
曹建华
雷雨晴
温艳荣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by China General Nuclear Power Corp, China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd, CGN Power Co Ltd filed Critical China General Nuclear Power Corp
Priority to PCT/CN2020/117626 priority Critical patent/WO2022061689A1/zh
Publication of WO2022061689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022061689A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/326—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements comprising fuel elements of different composition; comprising, in addition to the fuel elements, other pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped elements, e.g. control rods, grid support rods, fertile rods, poison rods or dummy rods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/02—Control of nuclear reaction by using self-regulating properties of reactor materials, e.g. Doppler effect
    • G21C7/04—Control of nuclear reaction by using self-regulating properties of reactor materials, e.g. Doppler effect of burnable poisons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fuel, in particular to a combustible poison rod and a fuel assembly containing the combustible poison rod.
  • the fuel rods in the core of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant are connected in a square array to form a fuel assembly, and the fuel rods are supported on the spacer grid assembly at certain distances along the length direction, so that each fuel rod maintains a certain value during its design life. Horizontal spacing.
  • the fuel rods consist of sintered cylindrical UO pellets housed in cladding tubes.
  • the residual reactivity of the core is relatively high at the beginning of the core life, and it is usually necessary to use combustible poisons to suppress the residual reactivity of the core, reduce the critical boron concentration, and flatten the power distribution of the core.
  • combustible poisons can be selected from materials such as gadolinium or erbium, which are doped in the nuclear fuel pellets in the form of oxides.
  • the combustible poison pellets containing oxides such as gadolinium or erbium are stacked one by one along the axial direction of the cladding tube to form a combustible poison rod.
  • the combustible poison content of all combustible poison pellets in the combustible poison rod is the same.
  • gadolinium and erbium have been widely used in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants and achieved good results.
  • the nuclear fuel assemblies containing combustible poison rods are dispersed in the core according to the physical design, which helps to flatten the distribution of the neutron fluence rate in the core.
  • the axial power of the reactor core loaded with the nuclear fuel assemblies containing combustible poison rods is relatively high near the top or bottom at the end of the cycle, which is prone to form local power peaks (that is, often The so-called "saddle-shaped" power distribution), which easily leads to the axial instability of the power xenon oscillation in the late cycle.
  • the axial instability of the power xenon oscillation of the reactor core in the later period of the cycle is more serious, which has become one of the key factors restricting the operating flexibility of the reactor, and greatly affects the load tracking of the nuclear power plant. ability.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an improved combustible poison rod and a fuel assembly containing the combustible poison rod.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a combustible poison rod comprising a cladding tube, a plurality of first combustible poison cores stacked in the cladding tube along the axial direction of the cladding tube block, a plurality of second combustible poison pellets stacked in the cladding tube along the axial direction of the cladding tube; a plurality of the first combustible poison pellets form a non-regulated area in the cladding tube , a plurality of the second combustible poison pellets form an adjustment area in the cladding tube;
  • the combustible poison content of each of the first combustible poison pellets is A%;
  • the content of the combustible poison of each of the second burnable poison pellets is B%;
  • a and B satisfy: 1 ⁇ B ⁇ A-1; or,
  • the combustible poison content of at least one of the second combustible poison pellets is C% and C% ⁇ A%, and the combustible poison content of the other second combustible poison pellets is B%;
  • A, B, and C satisfy: B ⁇ A, 1 ⁇ C ⁇ A-1.
  • the first combustible poison pellet is a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder.
  • the second combustible poison pellets are solid cylinders or hollow cylinders.
  • the burnable poison in the first burnable poison pellet includes gadolinium and/or erbium.
  • the burnable poison in the second burnable poison pellet includes gadolinium and/or erbium.
  • the first combustible poison pellets are UO 2 -Gd 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets or UO 2 -Er 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets.
  • the second combustible poison pellets are UO 2 -Gd 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets or UO 2 -Er 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets.
  • the adjustment area is located at the lower end of the combustible poison rod
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment zone is H
  • the distance from the bottom of the combustible poison rod is S
  • L, H, and S satisfy:
  • the adjustment area is located at the upper end of the combustible poison rod
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment zone is H'
  • the distance from the top of the combustible poison rod is S'
  • L, H', S' satisfy:
  • the adjustment zones are distributed at the upper end and the lower end of the combustible poison rod at intervals;
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment area at the lower end is h and the distance from the bottom of the combustible poison rod is s
  • the length of the adjustment area at the upper end is h' and the distance from the The distance from the top of the combustible poison rod is s'
  • L, h, h', s and s' satisfy:
  • the present invention also provides a fuel assembly containing combustible poison rods, comprising at least one combustible poison rod described in any one of the above.
  • the fuel assembly further comprises several UO 2 fuel rods.
  • the fuel assembly further comprises at least one conventional combustible poison rod; the content of combustible poison in all combustible poison pellets of the conventional combustible poison rod is the same.
  • the combustible poison rod of the present invention contains two or more combustible poison pellets with different contents of combustible poisons in the axial direction, forming a regulated area and a non-regulated area, and significantly reducing the local axial power at the top or bottom of the core at the later stage of the reactor cycle, This further improves the "saddle-shaped" axial power distribution of the core at the end of the cycle and reduces the risk of axial instability of the power xenon oscillation.
  • the normal operating range of the nuclear power plant can be significantly increased, thereby improving the flexibility of the nuclear power plant operation; it can significantly prolong the load tracking time in the nuclear power plant cycle, thereby improving the nuclear power plant load tracking capability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a combustible poison rod according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a combustible poison rod according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a combustible poison rod according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of the axial power peak distribution at the end of the cycle life between the fuel assembly of an embodiment of the present invention and the fuel assembly of the prior art.
  • the combustible poison rod of the present invention includes a cladding tube 10 , a plurality of first combustible poison pellets 11 and several The second combustible poison pellet 12 .
  • first combustible poison pellets 11 are stacked in the cladding tube to form a non-regulated area 1
  • second combustible poison pellets 12 are stacked in sequence in the cladding tube 10 to form an adjustment area 2 .
  • the combustible poison rod also includes an upper end plug 13 and a lower end plug 14 connected to the upper and lower ends of the cladding tube 10, respectively.
  • first combustible poison pellets 11 and the second combustible poison pellets 12 may be solid cylinders or hollow cylinders, respectively.
  • the combustible poison includes gadolinium and/or erbium. Therefore, the first combustible poison pellets 11 are UO 2 -Gd 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets or UO 2 -Er 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets, and the second combustible poison pellets 12 are UO 2 -Gd 2 O 3 Mixed oxide pellets or UO 2 -Er 2 O 3 mixed oxide pellets.
  • the combustible poison content of each first combustible poison pellet 11 is A%; in the regulation zone 2, the combustible poison content of each second combustible poison pellet 12 is B%.
  • A that is, the value A in A%) and B (that is, the value B in B%) satisfy: 1 ⁇ B ⁇ A-1.
  • the combustible poison content of each first combustible poison pellet 11 is A%; in the regulation area 2, the combustible poison of at least one second combustible poison pellet 12 The content is C% and C% ⁇ A%, and the combustible poison content of the remaining second combustible poison pellets 12 is B%.
  • A, B, and C that is, the value C in C%) satisfy: B ⁇ A, 1 ⁇ C ⁇ A-1.
  • the regulation area 2 is located at the lower end of the combustible poison rod, and other parts of the combustible poison rod including the upper end and the like are the non-adjustment area 1 .
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment zone 2 is H
  • the distance from the bottom of the combustible poison rod is S
  • L, H, and S satisfy: L/20 ⁇ S ⁇ L/8, L/20 ⁇ H+S ⁇ L/3.
  • the adjustment area 2 is located at the upper end of the combustible poison rod, and the other parts of the fuel poison rod including the lower end are the non-adjustment area 1 .
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment zone is H'
  • the distance from the top of the combustible poison rod is S'
  • L, H', S' satisfy: L/20 ⁇ S' ⁇ L/8, L/20 ⁇ S'+H' ⁇ L/3.
  • the regulation area 2 is distributed at the upper and lower ends of the combustible poison rod at intervals, and the other parts including the middle part of the combustible poison rod are the non-adjustment area 1 .
  • the length of the combustible poison rod is L
  • the length of the adjustment zone 2 at the lower end is h and the distance from the bottom of the combustible poison rod is s
  • the length of the adjustment zone 2 at the upper end is h' and the distance from the top of the combustible poison rod is s '
  • L, h, h', s and s' satisfy:
  • the combustible poison rod of the present invention is used in a fuel assembly. Therefore, the fuel assembly containing the combustible poison rod of the present invention includes at least one of the above-mentioned combustible poison rods, and also includes several UO 2 fuel rods.
  • the combustible poison rods can be arranged in numbers of four, eight, sixteen, etc.
  • the fuel assembly may also include at least one conventional combustible poison rod, and all the combustible poison pellets of the conventional combustible poison rod have the same content of combustible poison, and therefore do not have the regulated area and the non-regulated area of the combustible poison rod of the present invention .
  • the content of the combustible poison in all the combustible poison pellets of the conventional combustible poison rod may be the same (A%) as the combustible poison content of the first combustible poison pellet in the combustible poison rod of the present invention.
  • At least one may be the combustible poison rod of the present invention, and the rest may be conventional combustible poison rods, or all of them may be the combustible poison rods of the present invention.
  • the combustible poison rod of the invention contains two or more combustible poison pellets with different combustible poison contents in the axial direction, which improves the operation performance of the reactor core.
  • the U 235 in the combustible poison pellet can be tailings produced by uranium enrichment, natural uranium or slightly enriched uranium, and the enrichment degree of U 235 is smaller than that in the uranium pellet .
  • the U 235 enrichment in the first combustible poison pellet and the second combustible poison pellet is equal.
  • the reactor core fuel consists of 157 groups of 17 ⁇ 17 12-foot fuel assemblies, and each group of fuel assemblies consists of 264 fuel rods Composition, each fuel rod contains 272 fuel pellets.
  • the combustible poison rods of the present invention and the conventional combustible poison rods in the prior art were loaded into the core respectively, and the effects on the axial power distribution at the beginning and end of the cycle life were compared, as shown in Figures 4 and 5 (Fig.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are the axial power distribution of the core when the conventional combustible poison rods of the prior art are used, and the dashed lines are the axial power distribution of the core when the combustible poison rods of the present invention are used). It can be seen from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 that the combustible poison rod of the present invention can significantly improve the axial power distribution at the end of the cycle life without substantially changing the axial power distribution at the beginning of the life cycle, and reduce the power at the top and bottom of the core. Axial local power peak.
  • the combustible poison rod based on the present invention can significantly improve the axial power distribution at the later stage of the cycle life without substantially changing the axial power distribution at the beginning of the life cycle, reduce the risk of the axial instability of the xenon oscillation of the reactor power at the later stage of the cycle, and improve the nuclear power plant.
  • the capability of load tracking increases the flexibility of core operation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件，可燃毒物棒包括包壳管、设置在包壳管内的若干个第一可燃毒物芯块和第二可燃毒物芯块；若干个第一可燃毒物芯块在包壳管内叠置形成非调节区，若干个第二可燃毒物芯块在包壳管内叠置形成调节区；第一可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为A%；第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；A、B满足：1≤B≤A-1；或者，至少一个第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为C%，其余第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；A、B、C满足：B≤A，1≤C≤A-1。本发明的可燃毒物棒，显著降低反应堆循环后期堆芯顶部或底部的局部轴向功率，改善循环后期堆芯"马鞍形"的轴向功率分布，降低功率氙振荡轴向不稳定的风险。

Description

可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件 技术领域
本发明涉及核燃料技术领域，尤其涉及一种可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件。
 背景技术
压水堆核电站堆芯中燃料棒以正方形阵列形式连接成燃料组件，燃料棒沿其长度方向上每隔一定距离支承在定位格架组件上，使各燃料棒在其设计寿期内保持一定的横向间距。燃料棒由装在包壳管中的烧结圆柱形UO 2芯块组成。随着对经济性和安全性的要求越来越高，现代压水堆核电站普遍采用长循环、低泄漏的堆芯装载方案，换料周期可达到十八个月甚至更长。由于采用长循环换料，堆芯寿期初的剩余反应性比较高，通常需要采用可燃毒物来抑制堆芯的剩余反应性，降低临界硼浓度，并展平堆芯的功率分布。
在现代工业实践中，可燃毒物可选择钆或铒等材料，并以氧化物的形式掺杂在核燃料芯块中。含钆或铒等氧化物的可燃毒物芯块，沿着包壳管轴向方向逐一叠加，形成可燃毒物棒，可燃毒物棒内所有可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量都是相同的。作为成熟的可燃毒物，钆和铒已经在压水堆核电站中得到了广泛的应用，并取得了良好的业绩。含可燃毒物棒的核燃料组件按照物理设计被分散布置在堆芯中，它有利于展平堆芯中子注量率的分布。
然而，随着压水堆堆芯燃耗的加深，装载含可燃毒物棒的核燃料组件的反应堆堆芯在循环后期轴向功率在靠近顶部或底部的地方比较高，易形成局部功率峰（即常说的“马鞍形”功率分布），进而易导致循环后期功率氙振荡轴向不稳定。尤其是核电站采用长周期换料后，反应堆堆芯在循环后期的功率氙振荡轴向不稳定现象更加严重，已成为制约反应堆运行灵活性的关键因素之一，并极大地影响了核电站的负荷跟踪能力。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种改进的可燃毒物棒及含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件。
 技术解决方案
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种可燃毒物棒包括包壳管、若干个沿着所述包壳管的轴向叠置在所述包壳管内的第一可燃毒物芯块、若干个沿着所述包壳管的轴向叠置在所述包壳管内的第二可燃毒物芯块；若干个所述第一可燃毒物芯块在所述包壳管内形成非调节区，若干个所述第二可燃毒物芯块在所述包壳管内形成调节区；
在所述非调节区内，每一所述第一可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为A%；
在所述调节区内，每一所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；
A、B满足：1≤B≤A-1；或者，
在所述调节区内，至少一个所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为C%且C%＜A%，其余所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；
A、B、C满足：B≤A，1≤C≤A-1。
优选地，所述第一可燃毒物芯块为实心圆柱体或空心圆柱体。
优选地，所述第二可燃毒物芯块为实心圆柱体或空心圆柱体。
优选地，所述第一可燃毒物芯块中的可燃毒物包括钆和/或铒。
优选地，所述第二可燃毒物芯块中的可燃毒物包括钆和/或铒。
优选地，所述第一可燃毒物芯块为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块。
优选地，所述第二可燃毒物芯块为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块。
优选地，所述调节区位于所述可燃毒物棒的下端；
所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，所述调节区的长度为H且距离所述可燃毒物棒底部的距离为S；L、H、S满足：
L/20≤S≤L/8，L/20＜H+S≤L/3。
优选地，所述调节区位于所述可燃毒物棒的上端；
所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，所述调节区的长度为H'且距离所述可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为S'；L、H'、S'满足：
L/20≤S'≤L/8，L/20＜S'+ H'≤L/3。
优选地，所述调节区间隔分布在所述可燃毒物棒的上端和下端；
所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，位于下端的所述调节区的长度为h且距离所述可燃毒物棒底部的距离为s，位于上端的所述调节区的长度为h'且距离所述可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为s'；L、h、h'、s和s'满足：
L/20≤s≤L/8，L/20≤s'≤L/8；
L/20＜s+h≤L/3，L/20＜s'+ h'≤L/3。
本发明还提供一种含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件，包括至少一根以上任一项所述的可燃毒物棒。
优选地，所述燃料组件还包括若干根UO 2燃料棒。
优选地，所述燃料组件还包括至少一根常规可燃毒物棒；所述常规可燃毒物棒的所有可燃毒物芯块中可燃毒物的含量相同。
 有益效果
本发明的可燃毒物棒，在轴向含有两种或多种不同可燃毒物含量的可燃毒物芯块，形成调节区和非调节区，显著降低反应堆循环后期堆芯顶部或底部的局部轴向功率，进而改善循环后期堆芯“马鞍形”的轴向功率分布，降低功率氙振荡轴向不稳定的风险。
在同等条件下，相比现有设计技术，可显著增大核电站的正常运行范围，进而提升核电站运行的灵活性；可显著延长核电站循环内负荷跟踪的时间，进而提升核电站负荷跟踪的能力。
 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是本发明第一实施例的可燃毒物棒的剖面结构示意图；
图2是本发明第二实施例的可燃毒物棒的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明第三实施例的可燃毒物棒的剖面结构示意图；
图4是本发明一实施例的燃料组件与现有技术的燃料组件在循环寿期初轴向功率峰分布对比图；
图5是本发明一实施例的燃料组件与现有技术的燃料组件在循环寿期末轴向功率峰分布对比图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1-3所示，本发明的可燃毒物棒，包括包壳管10、沿着包壳管10的轴向设置在包壳管10内的若干个第一可燃毒物芯块11和若干个第二可燃毒物芯块12。若干个第一可燃毒物芯块11在包壳管内叠置形成非调节区1，若干个第二可燃毒物芯块12在包壳管10内依次叠置形成调节区2。
可燃毒物棒还包括分别连接在包壳管10上端和下端上的上端塞13和下端塞14。
其中，第一可燃毒物芯块11和第二可燃毒物芯块12分别可以是实心圆柱体，也可以是空心圆柱体。
在第一可燃毒物芯块11和第二可燃毒物芯块12中，可燃毒物包括钆和/或铒。因此，第一可燃毒物芯块11为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块，第二可燃毒物芯块12为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块。
在一种实施方式中，在非调节区1内，每一第一可燃毒物芯块11的可燃毒物含量为A%；在调节区2内，每一第二可燃毒物芯块12的可燃毒物含量为B%。其中，A（即A%中的数值A）、B（即B%中的数值B）满足：1≤B≤A-1。
在另一种实施方式中，在非调节区1内，每一第一可燃毒物芯块11的可燃毒物含量为A%；在调节区2内，至少一个第二可燃毒物芯块12的可燃毒物含量为C%且C%＜A%，其余第二可燃毒物芯块12的可燃毒物含量为B%。A、B、C（即C%中的数值C）满足：B≤A，1≤C≤A-1。
如图1所示，在发明的第一实施例中，调节区2位于可燃毒物棒的下端，可燃料毒物棒的包括上端等的其他部分为非调节区1。
可燃毒物棒的长度为L，调节区2的长度为H且距离可燃毒物棒底部的距离为S；L、H、 S满足：L/20≤S≤L/8，L/20＜H+S≤L/3。
如图2所示，在发明的第二实施例中，调节区2位于可燃毒物棒的上端，可燃料毒物棒的包括下端等的其他部分为非调节区1。
可燃毒物棒的长度为L，调节区的长度为H'且距离可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为S'；L、H'、S'满足：L/20≤S'≤L/8，L/20＜S'+ H'≤L/3。
如图3所示，在发明的第三实施例中，调节区2间隔分布在可燃毒物棒的上端和下端，可燃料毒物棒的包括中部等的其他部分为非调节区1。
可燃毒物棒的长度为L，位于下端的调节区2的长度为h且距离可燃毒物棒底部的距离为s，位于上端的调节区2的长度为h'且距离可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为s'； L、h、h'、s和s'满足：
L/20≤s≤L/8，L/20≤s'≤L/8；
L/20＜s+h≤L/3，L/20＜s'+ h'≤L/3。
本发明的可燃毒物棒用于燃料组件，因此，本发明的含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件，包括至少一根上述的可燃毒物棒，还包括若干根UO 2燃料棒。
在燃料组件中，可燃毒物棒可以四根、八根、十六根等数量设置。
根据需要，燃料组件还可以包括至少一根常规可燃毒物棒，常规可燃毒物棒的所有可燃毒物芯块中可燃毒物的含量相同，因此不具有本发明的可燃毒物棒的调节区和非调节区设置。常规可燃毒物棒的所有可燃毒物芯块中可燃毒物的含量可以与本发明的可燃毒物棒中第一可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量相同（A%）。
另外，在燃料组件的所有可燃毒物棒中，可以至少一根为本发明的可燃毒物棒，其余的为常规可燃毒物棒，或者全部均为本发明的可燃毒物棒。
本发明的可燃毒物棒在轴向含有两种或多种不同可燃毒物含量的可燃毒物芯块，提高了反应堆堆芯的运行性能。可燃毒物芯块中的U 235可以是铀浓缩产生的尾料、天然铀或稍加富集的铀，U 235的富集度小于铀芯块中U 235的富集度。第一可燃毒物芯块和第二可燃毒物芯块中的U 235富集度相等。
以百万千万瓦级压水堆核电站的十八个月换料为例，反应堆堆芯燃料由157组17×17的12英尺燃料组件组成，每一组燃料组件中是由264根燃料棒组成，每根燃料棒包含272个燃料芯块。将本发明的可燃毒物棒与现有技术中的常规可燃毒物棒分别装载入堆芯，对循环寿期初和寿期末轴向功率分布的影响做了比较，如图4和图5所示（图4和图5中实线为采用现有技术的常规可燃毒物棒时的堆芯轴向功率分布，虚线为采用本发明的可燃毒物棒时的堆芯轴向功率分布）。由图4和图5中可以看出，本发明的可燃毒物棒在基本不改变寿期初轴向功率分布的情况下，可以显著改进循环寿期末的轴向功率分布，降低堆芯顶端和底端的轴向局部功率峰。
基于本发明的可燃毒物棒在基本不改变寿期初轴向功率分布的情况下，可以显著改进循环寿期后期的轴向功率分布，降低循环后期反应堆功率氙振荡轴向不稳定的风险，提高核电站负荷跟踪的能力，提升堆芯运行的灵活性。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，包括包壳管、沿着所述包壳管的轴向设置在所述包壳管内的若干个第一可燃毒物芯块和若干个第二可燃毒物芯块；若干个所述第一可燃毒物芯块在所述包壳管内叠置形成非调节区，若干个所述第二可燃毒物芯块在所述包壳管内叠置形成调节区；
    在所述非调节区内，每一所述第一可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为A%；
    在所述调节区内，每一所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；
    A、B满足：1≤B≤A-1；或者，
    在所述调节区内，至少一个所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为C%且C%＜A%，其余所述第二可燃毒物芯块的可燃毒物含量为B%；
    A、B、C满足：B≤A，1≤C≤A-1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述第一可燃毒物芯块为实心圆柱体或空心圆柱体；
    所述第二可燃毒物芯块为实心圆柱体或空心圆柱体。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述第一可燃毒物芯块中的可燃毒物包括钆和/或铒；
    所述第二可燃毒物芯块中的可燃毒物包括钆和/或铒。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述第一可燃毒物芯块为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块；
    所述第二可燃毒物芯块为UO 2-Gd 2O 3混合氧化物芯块或UO 2-Er 2O 3混合氧化物芯块。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述调节区位于所述可燃毒物棒的下端；
    所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，所述调节区的长度为H且距离所述可燃毒物棒底部的距离为S；L、H、S满足：
    L/20≤S≤L/8，L/20＜H+S≤L/3。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述调节区位于所述可燃毒物棒的上端；
    所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，所述调节区的长度为H'且距离所述可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为S'；L、H'、S'满足：
    L/20≤S'≤L/8，L/20＜S'+ H'≤L/3。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的可燃毒物棒，其特征在于，所述调节区间隔分布在所述可燃毒物棒的上端和下端；
    所述可燃毒物棒的长度为L，位于下端的所述调节区的长度为h且距离所述可燃毒物棒底部的距离为s，位于上端的所述调节区的长度为h'且距离所述可燃毒物棒顶部的距离为s'；L、h、h'、s和s'满足：
    L/20≤s≤L/8，L/20≤s'≤L/8；
    L/20＜s+h≤L/3，L/20＜s'+ h'≤L/3。
  8. 一种含可燃毒物棒的燃料组件，其特征在于，包括至少一根权利要求1-7任一项所述的可燃毒物棒。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的燃料组件，其特征在于，所述燃料组件还包括若干根UO 2燃料棒。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的燃料组件，其特征在于，所述燃料组件还包括至少一根常规可燃毒物棒；所述常规可燃毒物棒的所有可燃毒物芯块中可燃毒物的含量相同。
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US4587090A (en) * 1982-11-05 1986-05-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel assembly for boiling water reactor
JPH03267793A (ja) * 1990-03-15 1991-11-28 Toshiba Corp 燃料集合体
US5198186A (en) * 1989-05-10 1993-03-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fuel assembly for nuclear reactor
US5367547A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-11-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fuel assembly for boiling water reactor and core
US20120140868A1 (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Fuel rod and fuel assembly

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4587090A (en) * 1982-11-05 1986-05-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel assembly for boiling water reactor
US5198186A (en) * 1989-05-10 1993-03-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fuel assembly for nuclear reactor
JPH03267793A (ja) * 1990-03-15 1991-11-28 Toshiba Corp 燃料集合体
US5367547A (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-11-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fuel assembly for boiling water reactor and core
US20120140868A1 (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Fuel rod and fuel assembly

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