WO2022049869A1 - 可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置 - Google Patents
可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022049869A1 WO2022049869A1 PCT/JP2021/023772 JP2021023772W WO2022049869A1 WO 2022049869 A1 WO2022049869 A1 WO 2022049869A1 JP 2021023772 W JP2021023772 W JP 2021023772W WO 2022049869 A1 WO2022049869 A1 WO 2022049869A1
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- Prior art keywords
- engine
- control
- valve timing
- motor
- variable valve
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/356—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear making the angular relationship oscillate, e.g. non-homokinetic drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
- F02D13/0234—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0238—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
- F02D13/0265—Negative valve overlap for temporarily storing residual gas in the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0269—Controlling the valves to perform a Miller-Atkinson cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/08—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing for rendering engine inoperative or idling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
- F01L2800/01—Starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
- F01L2800/03—Stopping; Stalling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
- F01L2820/032—Electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for a variable valve timing device that changes the valve timing (opening / closing timing) of an intake valve or an exhaust valve using a motor as a drive source.
- timing pulleys, sprocket, gears, etc. exist as a driving force transmission mechanism for synchronously rotating an intake valve camshaft and an exhaust valve camshaft with respect to a crankshaft which is an output shaft of an internal combustion engine.
- a variable valve timing device that is incorporated in the engine and adjusts the valve timing of the intake valve according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine is known.
- the replacement of hydraulic variable valve timing devices with electric variable valve timing devices has progressed, and the controllable temperature and controllable engine rotation speed have tended to increase.
- it is difficult to control the existing electric variable valve timing device especially at a low engine speed, and it is difficult to control the valve timing of the intake valve at an arbitrary timing when the automobile engine is stopped.
- a method has been adopted in which the so-called variable valve timing device is controlled to a position that mechanically reaches the default position and waits for the next engine start.
- the electric variable valve timing device is equipped with a mechanism for changing the phase of the camshaft that drives the intake valve or the exhaust valve.
- the output from the motor is amplified by the reducer and transmitted to the camshaft. If you want to start from an arbitrary valve timing at the next start of the internal combustion engine, it is difficult to change the phase of the camshaft even if the motor is energized while the engine is stopped. It is desirable to convert.
- the phase of the camshaft during internal combustion engine operation is calculated from the relative values of the cam angle sensor and crank angle sensor, but immediately before the internal combustion engine is stopped, the detection cycle becomes rough due to the decrease in rotation speed, and the cam angle sensor Since the signal acquired by the internal combustion engine or the crank angle sensor becomes extremely coarse, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to control the valve timing to an accurate phase.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-197591 as a control method of the variable valve timing device in the currently known example approaches the target advance position in small steps. In this way, the power supply work to the motor is set to duty control to prevent overshoot at the target phase.
- Patent Document 2 retards the valve timing of the intake valve in the cranking state in which the engine is driven by the main engine motor in the hydraulic variable valve timing device. As a result, the actual compression ratio is reduced and the energy required for cranking is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 describes control in the vicinity of the target phase aimed at preventing overshoot in the variable valve timing device, but does not describe the operation when the engine is stopped, and restarts the engine from an arbitrary phase. It is difficult to do.
- Patent Document 2 described above a state in which the intake valve at the time of restarting the engine is controlled to an arbitrary position is realized by a hydraulic variable valve timing device, but it cannot be applied to an electric variable valve timing device. Furthermore, there is a problem that the application to the early closing type Miller cycle engine is not considered.
- the present invention has taken into consideration such a problem at low rotation of the internal combustion engine, and an object of the present invention is to arbitrarily fix an electric variable valve timing device from immediately before the internal combustion engine is stopped to after the internal combustion engine is stopped. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device of a variable valve timing device capable of controlling the phase with respect to the valve timing of the above.
- the control device of the variable valve timing device of the present invention changes the relative rotation phase of the cam shaft with respect to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine by adjusting the motor rotation speed of the motor connected to the cam shaft. It is a control device applied to an internal combustion engine provided with a variable valve timing device and having a control unit for controlling the variable valve timing device.
- the control unit is a control device of the crankshaft during engine stop processing of the internal combustion engine.
- the camshaft is fixed to a constant current or voltage supplied to the motor from the normal control of changing to the crankshaft and from the time when the rotation speed of the crankshaft becomes lower than the first threshold value to the time when the rotation speed becomes zero. It is characterized by performing low rotation control for holding the relative rotation phase of the above at the most advanced position or the latest retard position.
- the valve timing phase of the intake valve is controlled to the maximum advance position or the latest retard position until the rotation speed of the crankshaft drops to an arbitrary rotation speed and the internal combustion engine is completely stopped. Can be done. Further features relating to the present invention will be apparent from the description herein and the accompanying drawings. In addition, problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.
- the control block diagram of the control device of the variable valve timing device which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which shows the profile of the intake / exhaust cam at the time of the maximum advance angle of the intake camshaft when the early closing Miller cycle engine is mounted (Example 1).
- FIG. 1 The schematic diagram in the engine cylinder when the engine cycle is rotated by the intake profile shown in FIG.
- FIG. The figure which shows the change of the engine speed in the engine stop processing.
- the figure explaining the relationship between the engine speed from the engine stop to the restart, the phase of the intake valve, and the instruction duty.
- the figure which shows the relationship between the engine speed and a PWM signal at the time of low rotation control at the time of engine stop.
- the figure which shows the flowchart for demonstrating the phase control of an intake valve at the time of starting an engine The figure which shows the relationship between the engine speed and a PWM signal at the time of normal control at the time of starting an engine. The figure which shows the relationship between the engine speed and a PWM signal at the time of low rotation control at the time of engine start.
- the figure which shows the profile of the intake / exhaust cam at the time of the maximum advance angle of the intake camshaft when the late closing Miller cycle engine is mounted (Example 2).
- the figure which shows the profile of the intake / exhaust cam at the most retarded angle of the intake camshaft when the late closing Miller cycle engine is mounted Example 2.
- variable valve timing device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the parts with the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an engine system according to the present embodiment to which the variable valve timing device of the present invention is applied.
- the engine system of the present embodiment is that of a series hybrid vehicle equipped with a traction motor for traveling and an engine dedicated to power generation.
- the engine is operated to generate electricity, and when the battery charge capacity becomes higher than a certain threshold value, the engine is stopped.
- the engine is an internal combustion engine composed of a 4-cycle engine, and a combustion chamber is formed by a cylinder head 1, a cylinder block 2, and a piston 3 inserted in the cylinder block 2.
- the piston 3 is connected to the crankshaft 5 via a connecting rod 4, and the crankshaft angle sensor 6 can detect the number of revolutions of the crankshaft, that is, the number of revolutions of the engine.
- the intake pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 8 are connected toward the combustion chamber.
- the intake pipe 7 and the exhaust pipe 8 are branched and connected to each cylinder in two, and two intake valves 9 and two exhaust valves 10 are provided so as to open and close the opening opening to the combustion chamber.
- the intake valve 9 and the exhaust valve 10 are provided with an intake cam 11 and an exhaust cam 12 at the upper portions thereof, respectively, and the intake valve 9 and the exhaust valve 10 are opened and closed by the rotation of these cams 11 and 12, respectively.
- an intake cam pulley connected to the intake cam, an exhaust cam pulley connected to the exhaust cam, and a crank pulley connected to the crankshaft 5 are provided on the engine side, and a timing belt is interposed between them. Is connected.
- the camshaft of the intake cam 11 is provided with a variable valve timing device 27 capable of changing the phase (relative rotation phase) with respect to the crankshaft 5.
- the variable valve timing device 27 has a configuration in which the phase of the camshaft of the intake cam 11 with respect to the crankshaft 5 is changed by adjusting the motor rotation speed of the motor (VTC motor) connected to the camshaft.
- VTC motor motor rotation speed of the motor
- a motor generator that works as a generator when generating electricity and as a motor when the engine is started or stopped is connected to the crankshaft 5.
- An intake cam angle sensor 13 is installed on the intake cam 11 to detect the rotation speed of the cam angle.
- An injector 14 is provided on the intake side of the combustion chamber, and a spark plug 15 and an ignition coil 16 are provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber.
- the fuel is stored in the fuel tank 17 and sent to the high-pressure fuel pump 19 by the feed pump 18 through the fuel pipe.
- the high-pressure fuel pump 19 is driven by the exhaust cam 12, and the boosted fuel is sent to the common rail 20.
- a fuel pressure sensor 21 is installed on the common rail 20 so that the fuel pressure can be detected.
- the common rail 20 and the injector 14 provided in each cylinder are connected by a fuel pipe.
- a three-way catalyst 22 is provided at the tip of the exhaust pipe 8, and an oxygen sensor 23 is provided downstream of the three-way catalyst 22.
- a temperature sensor 24 is provided on the three-way catalyst 22 to detect the temperature of the three-way catalyst 22.
- the cylinder block 2 is provided with a water temperature sensor 25 that measures the water temperature flowing through the cylinder block 2.
- ECU 26 constitutes a control device for the variable valve timing device 27.
- the ECU 26 has a CPU and a memory, and the CPU constitutes a control unit of the control device of the variable valve timing device 27.
- the electric variable valve timing device 27 includes a speed reducer 27a equipped with a sprocket 27d, a motor 27b for driving the intake cam, and a control unit 27c from the intake cam 11 side.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the speed reducer 27a.
- the configuration shown in Patent Document 3 can be applied.
- a general-purpose IC 27c-a and a motor driver 27c-b are provided as a calculation unit for driving the motor.
- a control block diagram in this embodiment based on these is shown in FIG.
- the acquisition path until the ECU 26 of the valve timing device in the present embodiment acquires the information on the actual rotation speed and the rotation direction of the intake cam drive motor 27b will be described.
- the rotation of the intake cam drive motor 27b is detected by the Hall IC provided in the control unit 27c, and the generated voltage is acquired by the general-purpose IC 27c-a provided in the circuit in the control unit.
- the input voltage is converted into the rotation speed and rotation direction of the intake cam drive motor 27b and output to the ECU 26, so that the ECU 26 acquires information on the motor rotation speed and rotation direction.
- the ECU 26 calculates an appropriate valve timing from the required engine speed and the required engine torque based on the calculation result of the actual phase.
- the calculated appropriate valve timing is converted into the target rotation direction and target rotation speed of the intake cam drive motor 27b of the variable valve timing device 27 in the ECU 26, and the control unit 27c of the valve timing device is used as a PWM signal by Duty control. Send to.
- the general-purpose IC 27c-a receives the instruction of the motor target rotation speed and the motor target rotation direction via the target motor speed receiving unit.
- the general-purpose IC 27c-a the actual rotation speed and the actual rotation direction of the intake cam drive motor 27b of the variable valve timing device 27 are acquired, and feedback control is applied from the signals of the motor target rotation direction and the motor target rotation speed. Then, a signal is transmitted to the motor driver 27c-b so that the motor rotation speed becomes appropriate.
- the motor driver 27c-b drives the intake cam drive motor 27b by converting them into UVW three-phase AC signals and outputting them as UVW drive signals to the intake cam drive motor 27b.
- the intake cam drive motor 27b is driven by a current and a voltage supplied as a UVW drive signal from the motor driver 27c-b.
- the signal for receiving the rotation direction / rotation speed command of the intake cam drive motor 27b from the ECU 26 has the following specifications.
- Rotation in the same direction as the rotation direction of the camshaft is defined as forward rotation
- rotation in the opposite direction is defined as reverse rotation
- forward rotation / reverse rotation is distinguished by the frequency of the input PWM.
- the forward rotation is 100 Hz
- the reverse rotation is 200 Hz.
- the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5 the rotation speed of the intake cam 11 is 2: 1.
- the intake cam 11 It is necessary to control the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5 to be higher or lower than 1/2 times the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5.
- Phase control in the direction of opening and closing the intake valve or exhaust valve 10 quickly in the engine cycle by momentarily increasing the rotation speed of the camshaft is called advance angle control, while controlling the rotation speed momentarily low.
- phase control of the intake valve or the exhaust valve 10 in the direction of opening slowly and closing slowly in the engine cycle is called retard angle control.
- variable valve timing device 27 there are two types of engines that carry out the Miller cycle by installing the variable valve timing device 27: the late closing Miller cycle and the early closing Miller cycle.
- a variable valve timing device 27 is mounted on the intake cam 11 to assume a type of engine that enables an early closing Miller cycle.
- the early closing Miller cycle refers to an engine stroke in which the intake valve 9 is closed before the piston 3 reaches bottom dead center in the intake stroke of a 4-cycle engine.
- the engine taken up in this embodiment has a configuration that enables the early closing Miller cycle to be established by phase-converting the intake cam 11 to the advance side by the mounted electric variable valve timing device 27.
- FIG. 3 (1) is a diagram showing a state in which the speed reducer 27a is in the most advanced angle
- FIG. 3 (2) is a diagram showing a state in which the speed reducer 27a is in the most retarded angle.
- the speed reducer 27a of the electric variable valve timing device 27 is composed of a drive rotating body 27e having a concave portion 27j and a driven rotating body 27h having a convex portion 27i in the internal structure.
- the speed reducer 27a has a shape in which the concave portion 27j of the driving rotating body 27e is fitted to the convex portion 27i of the driven rotating body 27h.
- the convex portion 27i reciprocates in the concave portion 27j along the rotation direction of the camshaft of the intake cam 11 and comes into contact with the maximum advance angle stopper 27f on one side of the concave portion 27j or the latest retard angle stopper 27g on the other side.
- the mechanism is such that the maximum advance angle position and the latest retard angle position are physically determined with respect to the phase of the intake cam 11 described above, and the phase within the range of the physical maximum advance angle position and the latest retard angle position. Allows conversion.
- variable valve timing device 27 based on the phase conversion drive principle by the variable valve timing device 27, an operation sequence at the time of engine stop processing is shown.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 is controlled by the control device of the variable valve timing device 27 so as to be at the maximum advance position before the engine is stopped, and the phase is adjusted. It is to stop the engine completely (zero rotation) while holding it.
- phase of the intake cam 11 can be maintained at the maximum advance position even while the engine is completely stopped by the phase control during the engine stop process, the phase of the intake cam 11 will be maintained even when the engine is restarted next time. Can be restarted from the most advanced position.
- the intake flow rate into the engine cylinder during the motoring period in which the rotation is increased by the generator before the first explosion It can be mentioned that it leads to the decrease of.
- the intake flow rate into the engine cylinder is reduced, so that the air flow rate in the compression stroke of the engine is reduced, so that the pumping loss is reduced.
- FIG. 5 shows the profile of the intake valve 9 at the maximum advance angle
- FIG. 6 shows the profile of the intake valve 9 at the latest angle.
- the profiles of the intake valve 9 in FIGS. 5 and 6 are indicated by reference numerals 9a (maximum advance angle profile) and reference numeral 9b (latest angle profile), and the profile of the exhaust valve 10 is indicated by reference numeral 10a.
- the engine cycle operation at the physical maximum advance angle position in the speed reducer 27a is defined as the maximum advance angle profile 9a of the intake valve 9. That is, in this embodiment, it is an object to restart the engine in a state where the profile of the intake valve 9 of FIG. 5, that is, the valve timing of the intake valve 9 is super-advanced to the maximum advance position.
- the working angles of the intake cam 11 and the exhaust cam 12 in this embodiment are 180 deg.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 is IVC140deg. It advances to CA_ABDC (valve timing at which the intake valve closes after the crankshaft 5 has rotated by an angle of 140 deg after the intake bottom dead center). Therefore, FIG. 7 shows the state inside the engine cylinder in each scene during the engine cycle when the intake cam 11 is controlled to the most advanced angle position.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 in this configuration is set to IVC140deg.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 with respect to the rotation of the crankshaft 5 of the engine equipped with the variable valve timing device 27 is variable with respect to the rotation speeds of the crank angle sensor 6 and the intake cam angle sensor 13 acquired by the ECU 26.
- the ECU 26 calculates by feedback-controlling the rotation speed of the intake cam drive motor 27b in the valve timing device 27.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 can be calculated without any problem by the above method.
- the low engine speed region where the engine speed is lower than a certain value such as immediately before the engine is stopped or immediately after the engine is restarted, it is difficult to calculate by the above method.
- the phase guarantee of the intake cam 11 is realized by the method of switching from the normal control to the special control in the low engine speed region.
- FIG. 8 shows the definition of the operation name for each time series from the time when the engine speed is low to the time after the engine is stopped in the engine stop sequence.
- FIG. 9 shows a series of sequences of the engine speed, the phase of the intake cam 11, and the indicated duty from the engine operation to the engine stop process, after the engine is stopped, and when the engine is restarted next time.
- FIG. 10 shows the history of the current value flowing into the power supply line from the battery in a series of sequences.
- the instruction duty here refers to the motor rotation speed and the rotation direction instruction of the motor by the PWM signal from the ECU 26 shown in FIG. 4 to the control unit 27c of the variable valve timing device 27.
- the engine speed of 200 rpm in the state where the fuel cut signal in the ECU 26 is turned on is defined as the control switching condition (first threshold value), and the region of the engine speed of 200 rpm or more is the normal control region and the engine.
- a rotation speed of less than 200 rpm is defined as a low rotation control region.
- FIG. 11 shows a flowchart showing a method of determining normal control and low rotation control in engine speed. Further, images of duty control when the engine is stopped are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 shows how the duty ratio is switched in proportion to the engine speed as normal control, and FIG. 13 shows that a command is issued at a constant duty ratio not proportional to the engine speed as low speed control. Is shown.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 11 will be described separately for each step. In this flowchart, the start condition is during engine operation, and the end condition is after the engine is stopped.
- control of the variable valve timing device 27 during engine operation is a control unit that controls a PWM signal having a duty ratio proportional to the engine rotation speed calculated by the ECU 26 based on the signal from the crank angle sensor 6 as normal control. Output for 27c.
- Step S02 The ECU 26 determines whether the engine stop flag is satisfied. For example, check the battery charge capacity. At this time, the state in which the battery charge capacity reaches the upper limit value is regarded as the engine stop preparation is completed. If the battery charge capacity has not reached the upper limit, the engine will not stop even if the vehicle stops due to a traffic light, traffic jam, etc., unless the key is turned off.
- Step S03 ⁇ The engine goes through a process of shifting to a fuel cut operation in which the fuel injection is stopped before the engine is stopped. At this time, since the engine torque is not required, the engine enters the fuel cut operation mode, turns off the fuel injection signal from the ECU 26 to the injector 14, and stops the fuel supply to the combustion chamber. During the fuel cut operation period after the fuel cut, the engine is rotated by inertia, and finally the engine speed becomes zero. Therefore, confirming that fuel injection has been stopped is one of the flags for shifting to engine low speed control.
- Steps S04, S05 At the same time as the fuel cut starts, the ECU 26 controls the variable valve timing device 27 so as to advance the phase of the intake cam 11.
- the target phase of the intake cam 11 after the fuel cut is set to the most advanced angle position (the most advanced angle profile 9a of the intake cam in FIG. 5), and the completion of the phase conversion to the most advanced angle position is shifted to the engine low rotation control. It is one of the flags of.
- the first threshold value in this embodiment will be described as an engine speed of 200 rpm. That is, as described above, the condition for entering the low rotation speed control is that the engine rotation speed is less than 200 rpm, the fuel is cut, and the intake cam 11 is phase-controlled to the maximum advance position.
- the normal control shown in FIG. 12 is switched to the low speed control shown in FIG. 13, and the ECU 26 shifts to the control unit 27c of the variable valve timing device 27.
- the duty ratio of the output PWM signal is fixed at 10%, which is a predetermined value.
- the intake cam drive motor 27b since the intake cam 11 is already phase-controlled to the physical maximum position by the variable valve timing device 27, the intake cam drive motor 27b has only the motor rotation speed corresponding to the actual engine rotation speed at that timing. It cannot occur.
- the rotation speed of the intake cam drive motor 27b at 100 rpm of the engine is 50 rpm. That is, in the period until the engine is completely stopped, it is excessive in the advance direction at the maximum advance position, that is, in the direction in which the convex portion 27i of the driven rotating body 27h is pressed against the maximum advance angle stopper 27f of the driving rotating body 27e. Motor torque will continue to be generated. Therefore, the intake cam 11 can maintain the phase-controlled state at the most advanced angle position until the engine is completely stopped.
- the set current and the set voltage supplied from the motor driver 27c-b to the intake cam drive motor 27b are set to 3% or more and 20% or less of the rated current of the intake cam drive motor 27b and the circuit.
- Steps S09, S10 When the signal from the crank angle sensor 6 to the ECU 26 is not input for a certain period of time, it is determined that the engine has stopped completely, and the output of the PWM signal from the ECU 26 to the control unit 27c is fixed at 10%. Stop and put it in standby mode.
- the valve timing profile of the intake valve 9 is changed to the maximum advance angle profile by controlling the phase of the intake cam 11 to the maximum advance angle position in the period called motoring, which is the pre-ignition period when the engine is restarted.
- motoring which is the pre-ignition period when the engine is restarted.
- NVH Noise, Vibration, Harshness
- FIG. 14 shows a flowchart based on the low rotation control at the time of restarting the engine. Further, images of duty control at the time of starting the engine are shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
- FIG. 15 shows how the duty ratio is switched in proportion to the engine speed as normal control
- FIG. 16 shows that a command is issued at a constant duty ratio regardless of the engine speed as low speed control. show.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 14 will be described separately for each step.
- the start condition is that the engine is stopped
- the end condition is that the control is switched to normal control after the engine is restarted.
- Steps S11, S12 Prepare each device in the standby state from the previous engine stop to the next engine restart.
- Step S13 After all the start condition flags of each device are turned on, when the engine start determination flag from the ECU 26 is turned on, a rotation command is given to the control unit 27c of the variable valve timing device 27, and the intake cam drive motor 27b. Start energizing.
- Steps S14, S15 A rotation command is given to the variable valve timing device 27 to press it in the direction of the maximum advance angle stopper 27f.
- the rotation command at this time gives a fixed value of 10% duty ratio as a rotation command in the same direction as the rotation direction of the camshaft as low rotation control, as in the case of engine stop processing.
- the ECU 26 receives a signal from the crank angle sensor 6 and calculates the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5. When the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5 exceeds the second threshold value of 200 rpm, the low rotation control is terminated and the process proceeds to step S16.
- step S16 switching from low rotation control to normal control is performed.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 is held and controlled at the maximum advance angle by normal control in which the duty ratio in the PWM output from the ECU 26 to the control unit 27c is proportional to the engine speed.
- Step S17 In order to reduce NVH when the engine is restarted, in this embodiment, the engine speed of 1000 rpm is set as the third threshold value, and the phase of the intake cam 11 is held and controlled at the maximum advance position until the engine speed reaches 1000 rpm. do. That is, in step S17, the engine rotation speed after switching from the low rotation control to the normal control is monitored, and has a role of a trigger for switching the phase for NVH reduction and the phase of the first explosion.
- Step S17 when the engine speed exceeds 1000 rpm, which is the third threshold value, the holding control of the intake cam 11 to the most advanced angle position is finished, and the phase conversion of the intake cam 11 is started.
- the reason why the phase conversion is necessary is that the phase of the intake cam 11 exists at the position where the phase of the intake cam 11 abuts on the maximum advance angle stopper 27f (valve profile 9a), so that the intake compression amount is insufficient and ignition cannot be performed as it is. be. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the valve timing of the intake valve to an arbitrary initial explosion valve timing position set in advance from the stage where the third threshold value of 1000 rpm is exceeded (step S19).
- the ECU 26 confirms that the valve timing of the first explosion has been reached, turns on the fuel injection signal from the ECU 26 to the injector 14 toward the first explosion, and starts supplying fuel to the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 The basic configuration of the engine and its peripheral devices in this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 1 as in the first embodiment.
- the engine of this embodiment is an engine that adopts a late closing Miller cycle as a type.
- the profiles of the intake valve 9 and the exhaust valve 10 of the late closing Miller cycle are shown in FIGS. 17 and 18.
- FIG. 17 shows a profile when the phase of the intake cam 11 is set to the most advanced angle position in the late closing Miller cycle engine
- FIG. 18 shows a profile when the phase of the intake cam 11 is set to the most retarded angle in the late closing Miller cycle engine. Shows the profile when set to position.
- An engine having a late-closed Miller cycle function tends to have a larger cam width and a larger cam lift amount as a cam profile than an engine cam having an early-closed Miller cycle function.
- the control according to the engine speed by switching the control according to the engine speed, it is possible to restart the engine with the phase of the intake cam 11 controlled to the latest retard position when the engine is restarted.
- the rotation speed of the intake cam drive motor 27b is set in the rotation direction of the cam shaft.
- it is required to control to reverse rotation or zero rotation.
- the PWM output from the ECU 26 to the controller 27c of the variable valve timing device 27 is output from the ECU 26 to the controller 27c of the variable valve timing device 27 as a rotation speed command in the direction opposite to the rotation of the camshaft, at a frequency of 200 Hz and a duty ratio of 10%.
- the current or voltage supplied to the motor is fixed to the current or voltage that changes the relative rotation phase of the camshaft in the retard direction at the most retarded position.
- the engine speed of 200 rpm in the state where the fuel cut signal in the ECU 26 is turned on is defined as the control switching condition (first threshold value), and the region of the engine speed of 200 rpm or more is the normal control region and the engine.
- a rotation speed of less than 200 rpm is defined as a low rotation control region.
- the signal of the crank angle sensor 6 is calculated by the ECU 26 as the rotation speed of the crankshaft 5, and when the rotation speed becomes less than 200 rpm as described above, the control of the valve timing device is changed from the normal control to the low rotation speed control (200 Hz, duty ratio fixed at 10%). ). By controlling by this method, it is possible to control the phase of the intake cam 11 to the latest retard angle position until the engine is stopped.
- the phase of the intake cam 11 can be held and controlled at the latest retard angle position when the engine is stopped by the above method, and then the phase of the intake cam 11 can be controlled at the latest retard angle position even when the engine is stopped, the engine is restarted next time. It is possible to start from the most retarded angle position even at times.
- the threshold value for control switching when the engine is restarted is 200 rpm.
- the ECU 26 acquires the signal from the crank angle sensor 6, calculates the engine speed, and when the speed of 200 rpm or more is detected, it is normal from low speed control. After switching to control, the duty ratio to follow the engine speed is output from the ECU 26 to the control unit 27c of the variable valve timing device 27 as a PWM signal.
- the control device of the variable valve timing device in the above-described embodiment controls the valve timing phase to the maximum advance angle stopper position or the latest retard angle stopper position during the engine stop process and the fuel cut at the time of engine restart, and the engine.
- the command to the stopper direction fixed to the low duty ratio is continuously given to the intake cam drive motor, and in the region where the accurate engine rotation speed can be obtained, it is proportional to the engine rotation speed.
- the intake cam 11 can be started from an arbitrary phase at the next engine restart, and the engine cylinder can be started. It is possible to reduce the amount of intake air inward and reduce engine rotation speed fluctuations and vehicle body NVH when the engine is restarted.
- the present invention 1 is applied to an internal combustion engine provided with a variable valve timing device that changes the relative rotation phase of the cam shaft with respect to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine by adjusting the motor rotation speed of a motor connected to the cam shaft.
- a control device having a control unit that controls a valve timing device, wherein the control unit of the crankshaft when the rotation speed of the crankshaft is equal to or higher than the first threshold value during engine stop processing of the internal combustion engine.
- Normal control that adjusts the current or voltage supplied to the motor according to the rotation speed to change the relative rotation phase of the camshaft to the most advanced angle position or the latest retard angle position, and the rotation speed of the crankshaft is the second.
- the relative rotation phase of the camshaft is held at the most advanced position or the latest retard position by fixing the current or voltage supplied to the motor to a constant value from lower than one threshold to zero rotation. It is characterized by performing low rotation control and performing.
- the relative rotation phase of the camshaft is maintained at the maximum advance position or the latest retard position until the rotation speed of the crankshaft drops to an arbitrary rotation speed and the internal combustion engine is completely stopped. Can be done. Therefore, it can be applied to the early closing Miller cycle engine.
- the relative rotation phase of the camshaft is returned from the most advanced position to the retard side due to the friction of the cam ridge and the reaction force of the valve spring, or it is the slowest. It is possible to prevent it from being returned to the advance side from the corner position.
- the present invention 2 is the control device according to the present invention 1, wherein the control unit transfers a current or voltage supplied to the motor in the low rotation control of the cam shaft at the maximum advance position. It is characterized by controlling the current or voltage that changes the relative rotation phase in the advance direction, or the current or voltage that changes the relative rotation phase of the cam shaft in the retard direction at the latest retard angle position. do.
- the camshaft can be urged in the advance direction at the most advanced angle position, and the camshaft can be urged in the retard direction at the most retarded angle position. Therefore, the relative rotation phase of the camshaft can be held at the most advanced position or the latest retarded angle position until the rotation of the crankshaft is completely stopped.
- the present invention 3 is the control device according to the present invention 2, wherein the control unit sets the current or voltage of the motor fixed in the low rotation control according to the first threshold value in the normal control. It is characterized in that it is set to the same value as the current or voltage of the motor.
- the camshaft since the rotation speed of the crankshaft gradually decreases due to the engine stop processing, the camshaft is rotated in conjunction with the crankshaft, and the rotation speed gradually decreases.
- the motor in the low rotation control, the motor is supplied with a current or a voltage set according to the first threshold value. Therefore, the camshaft is urged in the advance direction at the most advanced angle position, and is urged in the retard direction at the most retarded angle position. Therefore, the relative rotation phase of the camshaft can be maintained at the most advanced position or the latest retarded position.
- the present invention 4 is the control device according to the present invention 1, wherein the control unit is such that the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine is stopped and the rotation speed of the crankshaft is smaller than the first threshold value. Further, the normal control is switched to the low rotation control on condition that the relative rotation phase of the camshaft is controlled to the maximum advance angle position or the latest retard angle position.
- the detection cycle becomes rough as the rotation speed decreases, and the signal acquired by the cam angle sensor or the crank angle sensor becomes extremely coarse, but at an appropriate timing. It is possible to switch to low rotation control and control the valve timing to an accurate phase.
- the variable valve timing device is a motor driver that supplies the current or voltage to the motor based on a PWM signal having an instruction pulse to drive the motor.
- the control unit In the normal control, the control unit outputs a PWM signal having a duty ratio proportional to the rotation speed of the crank shaft to the motor driver, and in the low rotation control, the fixed duty ratio is fixed to a constant value. It is characterized in that a PWM signal is output to the motor driver.
- the motor driver drives the motor based on the PWM signal having a duty ratio proportional to the rotation speed of the crankshaft, and is higher than the first threshold value.
- the motor is driven using a fixed duty ratio fixed to a constant value. Therefore, by controlling the motor using the PWM signal, the relative rotation phase of the camshaft can be changed to the most advanced angle position and held at the most advanced angle position or the latest retarded angle position.
- the motor driver sets a current value to the motor when the PWM signal having a fixed duty ratio fixed to a constant value is input from the control unit. It is characterized by supplying the following current or a voltage equal to or less than a set voltage value.
- the motor can be controlled at the time of low rotation control and held at the most advanced angle position or the latest retarded angle position.
- the control unit raises the rotation speed of the crankshaft from zero rotation to a second threshold value during the motoring period when the engine of the internal combustion engine is restarted.
- Low rotation control that keeps the relative rotation phase of the camshaft at the most advanced position or the latest retard position by fixing the current or voltage supplied to the motor to a constant value, and the number of rotations of the crankshaft.
- the relative rotation phase of the camshaft is set to the most advanced position or the slowest until the rotation speed of the crankshaft rises from zero rotation to the second threshold value. Can be held in a corner position.
- the control unit rotates the camshaft relative to each other on condition that the rotation speed of the crankshaft exceeds a third threshold value larger than the second threshold value. It is characterized by controlling the phase to be converted to the initial explosion valve timing position.
- the relative rotation phase of the camshaft can be converted to the initial explosion valve timing position to secure the intake compression amount, and the air-fuel mixture in the engine cylinder can be ignited.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various designs are designed without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. You can make changes.
- the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the described configurations.
- it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment.
- ECU control device
- 27 Variable valve timing device, 27a ... Reducer, 27b ... Intake cam Drive motor, 27c ... Control unit, 27d ... Cam shaft sprocket, 27e ... Drive rotating body, 27j ... Drive rotating body recess, 27f ... Drive rotating body recess maximum advance angle stopper, 27g ... Drive rotating body recess minimum angle stopper, 27h ... driven rotating body, 27i ... driven rotating body convex part, 27ca ... general-purpose IC, 27c-b ... motor driver, 9a ... early closing mirror cycle maximum advance angle intake valve profile, 9b ... early closing mirror cycle fastest angle Intake valve profile, 10a ... Early closing mirror cycle exhaust valve profile, 9c ... Slow closing mirror cycle maximum advance angle intake valve profile, 9d ... Late closing mirror cycle latest retard angle intake valve profile, 10c ... Late closing mirror cycle exhaust valve profile
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Abstract
Description
<エンジン構成>
図1は、本発明の可変バルブタイミング装置が適用される本実施形態に係わるエンジンシステムの構成図である。
本実施形態のエンジンシステムは、走行用のトラクションモータと、発電専用のエンジンを搭載するシリーズハイブリッド自動車のものである。シリーズハイブリッド自動車では、バッテリー充電容量が、ある閾値より低くなると、エンジンを動作させて発電し、バッテリー充電容量が、ある閾値より高くなるとエンジンを停止させる制御が行われる。
前記クランク角センサ6とカム角センサ13により検知したクランクシャフト5と吸気カム11・排気カム12の回転数信号をECU26に入力することによって、クランクシャフト5とカムシャフトの相対的な位相差が算出される。本エンジン構成では、クランク角は6deg.CA毎、カム角180deg.CA毎に角度を取得する。前記吸気カム11に設けた可変バルブタイミング装置27は電動式とし、その構成を図2と図3に示す。
次に、前記可変バルブタイミング装置27による位相変換駆動原理を踏まえて、エンジン停止処理時の動作シーケンスを示す。エンジン停止処理時の可変バルブタイミング装置27への要求動作は、可変バルブタイミング装置27の制御装置によって吸気カム11の位相を、エンジン停止前に最進角位置となるように制御し、前記位相を保持したままエンジンを完全に停止(ゼロ回転)させることである。
次に、本実施例における制御フローについて説明する。本実施例では、ECU26における燃料カット信号がONになった状態での、エンジン回転数200rpmを制御の切換え条件(第1閾値)と定義し、エンジン回転数200rpm以上の領域を通常制御領域、エンジン回転数200rpm未満を低回転制御領域と定義する。
エンジン動作中の可変バルブタイミング装置27の制御は前記の通り、通常制御として、クランク角センサ6からの信号をもとにECU26にて算出するエンジン回転数に比例したDuty比のPWM信号をコントロールユニット27cに対して出力する。
ECU26によって、エンジン停止フラグを満たしているか判断する。例えば、バッテリー充電容量を確認する。この時、バッテリー充電容量が上限値に到達した状態をエンジン停止準備完了とする。バッテリー充電容量が上限値に到達していない状態では、キーオフされない限り、仮に車両が信号や渋滞等によって停止してもエンジンは停止させないものとする。
エンジンは、停止する前に、燃料噴射を停止させる燃料カット運転に移行するというプロセスを経る。この際、エンジントルクが不要なため、エンジンは燃料カット運転モードに入り、ECU26からインジェクタ14への燃料噴射信号をオフとし、燃焼室への燃料供給が停止される。燃料カット後の燃料カット運転期間中は、エンジンが惰性で回転され、最終的にエンジン回転数はゼロとなる。そのため、燃料噴射が停止されたことを確認したことをエンジン低回転制御に移行するためのフラグの一つとする。
燃料カット開始と同時に、可変バルブタイミング装置27に対して吸気カム11の位相を進角させるように、ECU26が制御を行う。燃料カット後の吸気カム11の目標位相は、最進角位置(図5における吸気カムの最進角プロファイル9a)とし、最進角位置への位相変換の完了をエンジン低回転制御に移行するためのフラグの一つとする。
通常制御と低回転制御を切り替える条件として、前記のようにエンジン回転数(=クランクシャフトの回転数)を閾値として切り替える。本実施例における第1閾値は、エンジン回転数200rpmとして説明を行う。つまり、前記の通り、低回転制御に入る条件はエンジン回転数が200rpm未満かつ燃料カットかつ吸気カム11が最進角位置に位相制御されていること、のアンド条件とする。
クランク角センサ6からECU26への信号が、ある一定期間入力されなくなったタイミングで、エンジン回転が完全に停止したエンジン停止と判定し、ECU26からコントロールユニット27cへのPWM信号によるDuty10%固定の出力を停止し、スタンバイ状態とする。
前記ECU26からのPWM出力のDuty比を切り替える仕様としたことで、エンジン停止時の吸気カム11の位相を可変バルブタイミング装置27によって最進角位置に制御でき、次回エンジン再始動時に吸気カム11の位相を最進角位置から起動することを可能とする。
前回のエンジン停止以降、次回エンジン再始動までの間をスタンバイ状態として、各装置の準備を行う。
各機器の起動条件フラグが全てONになった以降、ECU26からのエンジン始動判定フラグがONとなった時点で、可変バルブタイミング装置27のコントロールユニット27cに回転指令を与え、吸気カム駆動用モータ27bへの通電を開始する。
可変バルブタイミング装置27に対して、最進角ストッパ27fの方向に押し付ける、回転指令を与える。この時の回転指令は、エンジン停止処理中と同様に、低回転制御としてカムシャフトの回転方向と同方向への回転指令としてDuty比10%の固定値を与える。ECU26ではクランク角センサ6からの信号を受け、クランクシャフト5の回転数を算出する。クランクシャフト5の回転数が、第2閾値である200rpmを超えた段階で、低回転制御を終了し、ステップS16へ移行する。
ステップS16では、低回転制御から通常制御に切り替えを行う。ここでは、ECU26からコントロールユニット27cへのPWM出力におけるDuty比とエンジン回転数が比例する通常制御によって、吸気カム11の位相を最進角に保持制御する。
前記のエンジン再始動時のNVH低減に向けて、本実施例ではエンジン回転数1000rpmを第3閾値とし、エンジン回転数が1000rpmとなるまでは、吸気カム11の位相を最進角位置に保持制御する。つまり、ステップS17では、低回転制御から通常制御に切り替わった後のエンジン回転数をモニタし、NVH低減のための位相と初爆の位相を切り替えるトリガの役割を持つ。
ステップS17に示す通り、エンジン回転数が第3閾値である1000rpmを超えた段階で、吸気カム11の最進角位置への保持制御を終えて、吸気カム11の位相変換を開始する。位相変換が必要な理由は、吸気カム11の位相が最進角ストッパ27fに当接する位置(バルブププロファイル9a)に存在することで、吸気圧縮量が足りず、そのままでは点火を行えないためである。そのため、第3閾値の1000rpmを超えた段階から、吸気バルブのバルブタイミングを予め設定した任意の初爆バルブタイミング位置に変換する必要がある(ステップS19)。初爆のバルブタイミングに到達したことをECU26が確認し、初爆に向けてECU26からインジェクタ14へ燃料噴射信号をオンとし、燃焼室への燃料供給を開始する。
以降次回エンジン停止時まで、エンジン回転数とDuty比を比例させて、可変バルブタイミング装置27を駆動する通常制御へと切り替える。
以上の制御により、エンジン停止から再始動に伴うエンジン回転数変動の低減及び車体振動(NVH)の低減することが可能となる。
<適用エンジン構成>
本実施例における、エンジン及びその周辺機器の基本構成は実施例1と同様に図1の通りである。本実施例のエンジンはタイプとして、遅閉じミラーサイクルを採用したエンジンとする。遅閉じミラーサイクルの吸気バルブ9及び排気バルブ10のプロファイルを図17と図18に示す。図17には遅閉じミラーサイクルエンジンにおいて、吸気カム11の位相を最進角位置に設定した場合のプロファイルを示し、図18には遅閉じミラーサイクルエンジンにおいて、吸気カム11の位相を最遅角位置に設定した場合のプロファイルを示している。遅閉じミラーサイクルの機能を有するエンジンではカムプロファイルとして、早閉じミラーサイクルの機能を有するエンジンのカムと比較し、カム幅・カムのリフト量共に大きいという傾向がある。
遅閉じミラーサイクルではエンジン再始動時に吸気カム11の位相を最遅角位置に制御した状態で再始動することが望ましい。遅閉じミラーサイクルを搭載するエンジンでは早閉じミラーサイクルとは反対に、4サイクルエンジンの行程において、吸気行程の途中で吸気バルブ9を開弁し、圧縮行程に入ってから吸気バルブ9を閉じる位相を可能とする機構を有している。そのため、エンジン再始動時の吸気カム11の位相を最遅角位置に制御することで、圧縮行程におけるエンジン筒内の空気流量を低減でき、エンジン再始動時のクランクシャフト5の回転上昇時の回転数変動の低減及びエンジン再始動時の車体振動(NVH)の抑制を図ることが可能となる。本実施例ではこの動作を吸気カムシャフトに搭載したバルブタイミング装置による位相変換によって成立させる。
一方、前記方式によりエンジン停止時の吸気カム11の位相を最遅角位置に保持制御でき、以降、エンジン停止時も吸気カム11の位相を最遅角位置に制御できた場合、次回エンジン再始動時においても最遅角位置から始動することを可能とする。エンジン再始動時における制御切り替えについても、エンジン回転数200rpmを閾値とする。エンジン再始動時の初爆を迎えるまでの期間において、クランク角センサ6からの信号をECU26が取得し、エンジン回転数を算出し、200rpm以上の回転数を検出した段階で、低回転制御から通常制御へと切り替え、以降エンジン回転数に追従させるDuty比をECU26から可変バルブタイミング装置27のコントロールユニット27cにPWM信号として出力する。
Claims (8)
- 内燃機関のクランクシャフトに対するカムシャフトの相対回転位相を前記カムシャフトに連結されたモータのモータ回転数の調整によって変化させる可変バルブタイミング装置を備えた内燃機関に適用され、前記可変バルブタイミング装置を制御する制御部を有する制御装置であって、
前記制御部は、前記内燃機関のエンジン停止処理中において、前記クランクシャフトの回転数が第1閾値以上のときは、前記クランクシャフトの回転数に応じて前記モータに供給される電流又は電圧を調整して前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を最進角位置又は最遅角位置へ変化させる通常制御と、前記クランクシャフトの回転数が第1閾値よりも低くなってからゼロ回転になるまでの間、前記モータに供給される電流又は電圧を一定に固定して前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を最進角位置又は最遅角位置に保持する低回転制御と、を行うことを特徴とする可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記低回転制御において、前記モータに供給される電流又は電圧を、前記最進角位置にて前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を進角方向に変化させる電流又は電圧、または、前記最遅角位置にて前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を遅角方向に変化させる電流又は電圧に固定する制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記低回転制御において固定される前記モータの電流又は電圧を、前記通常制御において前記第1閾値に応じて設定される前記モータの電流又は電圧と同じ値に設定していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記内燃機関への燃料供給が停止され、かつ、前記クランクシャフトの回転数が前記第1閾値よりも小さく、かつ、前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相が前記最進角位置又は最遅角位置に制御されていることを条件に、前記通常制御を前記低回転制御に切り替えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
- 前記可変バルブタイミング装置は、指示パルスを有するPWM信号に基づいて前記モータに前記電流又は電圧を供給して前記モータを駆動するモータドライバを備え、
前記制御部は、前記通常制御では、前記クランクシャフトの回転数に比例したDuty比のPWM信号を前記モータドライバに出力し、前記低回転制御では、一定値に固定された固定Duty比のPWM信号を前記モータドライバに出力することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。 - 前記モータドライバは、一定値に固定された固定Duty比の前記PWM信号が前記制御部から入力された場合に、前記モータに設定電流値以下の電流又は設定電圧値以下の電圧を供給することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記内燃機関のエンジン再始動時のモータリング期間において、前記クランクシャフトの回転数がゼロ回転から第2閾値に上昇するまでの間、前記モータに供給される電流又は電圧を一定に固定して前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を最進角位置又は最遅角位置に保持する低回転制御と、前記クランクシャフトの回転数が第2閾値を超えたことを条件として、前記クランクシャフトの回転数に応じて前記モータに供給される電流又は電圧を調整して前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を最進角位置又は最遅角位置へ変化させる通常制御と、を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記クランクシャフトの回転数が第2閾値よりも大きい第3閾値を超えたことを条件として、前記カムシャフトの相対回転位相を初爆バルブタイミング位置に変換させる制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の可変バルブタイミング装置の制御装置。
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| JPWO2022049869A1 (ja) | 2022-03-10 |
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| US12018622B2 (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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