WO2021220610A1 - 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 - Google Patents
固体撮像装置及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021220610A1 WO2021220610A1 PCT/JP2021/008486 JP2021008486W WO2021220610A1 WO 2021220610 A1 WO2021220610 A1 WO 2021220610A1 JP 2021008486 W JP2021008486 W JP 2021008486W WO 2021220610 A1 WO2021220610 A1 WO 2021220610A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
- H10F39/8063—Microlenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/024—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of coatings or optical elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/182—Colour image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/199—Back-illuminated image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8057—Optical shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
- H10F39/8067—Reflectors
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a solid-state image sensor and an electronic device.
- Patent Document 1 a solid-state image sensor having a pixel region in which a photoelectric conversion unit, a transparent insulating layer, a color filter, and a microlens are laminated in this order has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a separation portion containing a low-refractive material is arranged between color filters, and a waveguide is formed with the color filter as a core and the separation portion (diffusion path wall portion) as a clad to form a color. It prevents the incident light from diffusing in the filter and improves the sensitivity of each pixel. Further, on the edge side (high image height) of the pixel region, the incident light is obliquely incident on the microlens.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a solid-state image sensor and an electronic device capable of increasing the sensitivity of pixels and preventing color mixing.
- the solid-state imaging device of the present disclosure includes (a) a plurality of microlenses that collect incident light, (b) a plurality of color filters that transmit light of a specific wavelength included in the focused incident light, and (c). It is provided with a plurality of photoelectric conversion units in which light of a specific wavelength transmitted through the color filter is incident, and (d) a plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions arranged between the color filters and surrounding the color filter, and (e). Each of the plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions is formed at a position where pupil correction is performed.
- the electronic devices of the present disclosure include (a) a plurality of microlenses that collect incident light, a plurality of color filters that transmit light of a specific wavelength included in the condensed incident light, and a specific wavelength transmitted through the color filter. It is provided with a plurality of photoelectric conversion units into which the light of the light is incident and a plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions arranged between the color filters and surrounding the periphery of the color filter.
- the solid-state imaging device formed at the position, (b) an optical lens that forms an image of the image light from the subject on the imaging surface of the solid-state imaging device, and (c) a signal to the signal output from the solid-state imaging device. It is provided with a signal processing circuit that performs processing.
- Solid-state image sensor 1-1 Overall configuration of solid-state image sensor 1-2 Configuration of main parts 1-3 Forming method of color filter layer 1-4 Modification example 2.
- Second embodiment Example of application to electronic devices
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire solid-state image sensor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 of FIG. 1 is a back-illuminated CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 (101) captures the image light (incident light 106) from the subject through the optical lens 102, and pixels the amount of the incident light 106 imaged on the imaging surface. It is converted into an electric signal in units and output as a pixel signal.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 includes a substrate 2, a pixel region 3, a vertical drive circuit 4, a column signal processing circuit 5, a horizontal drive circuit 6, an output circuit 7, and a control circuit 8. It has.
- the pixel region 3 has a plurality of pixels 9 regularly arranged in a two-dimensional array on the substrate 2.
- the pixel 9 has a photoelectric conversion unit 23 shown in FIG. 2 and a plurality of pixel transistors (not shown).
- the plurality of pixel transistors for example, four transistors such as a transfer transistor, a reset transistor, a selection transistor, and an amplifier transistor can be adopted. Further, for example, three transistors excluding the selection transistor may be adopted.
- the vertical drive circuit 4 is composed of, for example, a shift register, selects a desired pixel drive wiring 10, supplies a pulse for driving the pixel 9 to the selected pixel drive wiring 10, and transfers each pixel 9 in rows. Drive. That is, the vertical drive circuit 4 selectively scans each pixel 9 in the pixel region 3 in a row-by-row manner in the vertical direction, and produces a pixel signal based on the signal charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit 23 of each pixel 9 according to the amount of received light. , Supply to the column signal processing circuit 5 through the vertical signal line 11.
- the column signal processing circuit 5 is arranged for each column of the pixel 9, for example, and performs signal processing such as noise removal for each pixel string with respect to the signal output from the pixel 9 for one row.
- the column signal processing circuit 5 performs signal processing such as CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) and AD (Analog Digital) conversion for removing fixed pattern noise peculiar to pixels.
- the horizontal drive circuit 6 is composed of, for example, a shift register, sequentially outputs horizontal scanning pulses to the column signal processing circuit 5, selects each of the column signal processing circuits 5 in order, and from each of the column signal processing circuits 5.
- the signal-processed pixel signal is output to the horizontal signal line 12.
- the output circuit 7 performs signal processing on pixel signals sequentially supplied from each of the column signal processing circuits 5 through the horizontal signal line 12 and outputs the signals.
- the signal processing for example, buffering, black level adjustment, column variation correction, various digital signal processing and the like can be used.
- the control circuit 8 Based on the vertical synchronization signal, the horizontal synchronization signal, and the master clock signal, the control circuit 8 transmits a clock signal or a control signal that serves as a reference for the operation of the vertical drive circuit 4, the column signal processing circuit 5, the horizontal drive circuit 6, and the like. Generate. Then, the control circuit 8 outputs the generated clock signal and control signal to the vertical drive circuit 4, the column signal processing circuit 5, the horizontal drive circuit 6, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state image sensor 1 when the image is broken along the line AA of FIG.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 includes a light receiving layer 16 in which a substrate 2, an insulating film 13, a light-shielding film 14, and a flattening film 15 are laminated in this order. Further, on the surface of the light receiving layer 16 on the flattening film 15 side (hereinafter, also referred to as “back surface S1”), a light collecting layer 19 in which the color filter layer 17 and the microlens array 18 are laminated in this order is formed. There is.
- the wiring layer 20 and the support substrate 21 are laminated in this order on the surface of the light receiving layer 16 on the substrate 2 side (hereinafter, also referred to as “surface S2”). Since the back surface S1 of the light receiving layer 16 and the back surface of the flattening film 15 are the same surface, the back surface of the flattening film 15 is also referred to as “back surface S1” in the following description. Further, since the surface S2 of the light receiving layer 16 and the surface of the substrate 2 are the same surface, the surface of the substrate 2 is also referred to as “surface S2” in the following description.
- the substrate 2 is composed of, for example, a semiconductor substrate made of silicon (Si), and forms a pixel region 3.
- a plurality of pixels 9 including the photoelectric conversion unit 23 are arranged in a two-dimensional array.
- Each of the photoelectric conversion units 23 is embedded in the substrate 2 to form a photodiode, generates a signal charge corresponding to the amount of light of the incident light 22, and accumulates the generated signal charge.
- each photoelectric conversion unit 23 is physically separated by a pixel separation unit 24.
- the pixel separation unit 24 is formed in a grid pattern so as to surround each photoelectric conversion unit 23.
- the pixel separation portion 24 has a bottomed trench portion 25 (groove portion) formed in the depth direction from the side facing the insulating film 13 of the substrate 2 (hereinafter, also referred to as “back surface S3”).
- the trench portion 25 is formed in a grid pattern so that the inner side surface and the bottom surface form the outer shape of the pixel separation portion 24. Further, an insulating film 13 covering the back surface S3 side of the substrate 2 is embedded in the trench portion 25.
- the insulating film 13 continuously covers the entire back surface S3 side (entire light receiving surface side) of the substrate 2 and the inside of the trench portion 25.
- an insulating material can be used. Specifically, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and silicon nitride (SiN) can be adopted.
- the light-shielding film 14 has a grid pattern in which the light-receiving surface sides of the plurality of photoelectric conversion units 23 are opened in a part of the back surface S4 side of the insulating film 13 so that light does not leak to the adjacent pixels 9. It is formed.
- the flattening film 15 continuously covers the entire back surface S5 side (entire light receiving surface side) of the insulating film 13 including the light shielding film 14 so that the back surface S1 of the light receiving layer 16 becomes a flat surface without unevenness. ing.
- the color filter layer 17 has a waveguide module 26 for each pixel 9 on the back surface S1 side (light receiving surface side) of the flattening film 15.
- the waveguide module 26 is configured by stacking a plurality of stages of waveguides 27.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a case where the number of stages of the waveguide 27 is three, and the height of all stages of the waveguide wall portion 29 and the height of all stages of the filter constituent member 28 are the same.
- Each of the waveguides 27 includes a filter component 28 and a waveguide wall portion 29 (separation portion).
- the filter component 28 is an optical filter that transmits light of a specific wavelength included in the incident light 22 focused by the microlens 30.
- the light having a specific wavelength for example, red light, green light, and blue light can be adopted.
- a filter constituent member 28 that transmits light of the same color is used as each of the filter constituent members 28 included in the same waveguide module 26 .
- the color filter 33 is formed by including the multi-stage filter component 28 included in the waveguide module 26.
- Light of a specific wavelength that has passed through the color filter 33 is incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 23.
- a Bayer arrangement can be adopted as the arrangement pattern of the filter constituent members 28 when viewed from the microlens 30 side.
- the material of the filter constituent member 28 for example, an organic glass material having a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.9 can be adopted.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 is formed so as to surround the periphery of the filter component 28 included in the same waveguide 27. Further, the waveguide wall portions 29 exist in the same stage and are shared between the waveguides 27 adjacent to each other. That is, the waveguide wall portions 29 of each stage are formed in a grid pattern so as to surround the filter constituent members 28 of the same stage. In other words, a plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions 29 are arranged between the color filters 33 formed by the filter constituent members 28 of all stages. As the material of the waveguide wall portion 29, for example, a low refractive index material having a refractive index lower than that of the filter constituent member 28 included in the same waveguide 27 can be adopted.
- the low-refractive index material for example, a low-refractive index resin having a refractive index of 1.0 to 1.2 can be adopted.
- the waveguide 27 has a core formed by the filter constituent member 28 having a relatively high refractive index, and a clad formed by the waveguide wall portion 29 having a relatively low refractive index.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a case where the height, width and material of the waveguide wall portion 29 of each stage are the same. That is, the waveguide wall portion 29 of each stage is a member having the same shape and the same material.
- the "width of the waveguide wall portion 29" is a cross section perpendicular to the back surface S3 (light receiving surface) of the substrate 2 and a direction parallel to the back surface S3 (light receiving surface) of the substrate 2 of the waveguide wall portion 29.
- the width For example, when the waveguide wall portion 29 is viewed from the microlens 30 side, the length of the waveguide wall portion 29 in a direction intersecting (orthogonal or the like) with the direction in which the waveguide wall portion 29 extends can be mentioned.
- each of the plurality of waveguide wall portions 29 is formed at a position where pupil correction is individually performed. That is, on the end side (high image height) of the pixel region 3, pupil correction is performed on each of the plurality of waveguides 27 included in each waveguide module 26. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each of the waveguide wall portions 29 stacked on each other is closer to the microlens array 18 side (micro) than the waveguide wall portion 29 in the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side. The waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage (lens 30 side) is shifted toward the central portion side of the pixel region 3. In FIG.
- the central axis of the lower waveguide wall portion 29 coincides with the central axis of the pixel separation portion 24, and the central axis of the middle-stage waveguide 27 is more pixels than the central axis of the lower waveguide wall portion 29.
- the central axis of the waveguide wall portion 29 in the upper stage is shifted to the central portion side of the pixel region 3 from the central axis of the waveguide 27 in the middle stage.
- the waveguide module 26 in the region on the left side of FIG. 3 with respect to the central portion of the pixel region 3 has the waveguide wall portions 29 in the middle and upper stages on the right side in FIG.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the amount of deviation of the waveguide wall portion 29 of each stage is the same.
- the amount of deviation between the uppermost waveguide wall portion 29 and the lowermost waveguide wall portion 29 is the distance from the central portion of the pixel region 3 when viewed from the microlens array 18 side. The farther it is, the larger it becomes.
- the amount of deviation between the portions 29 ⁇ the amount of deviation between the waveguide wall portions 29 in the waveguide module 26 in a region largely distant from the pixel region 3.
- the amount of deviation of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the microlens array 18 side of the waveguide wall portions 29 stacked on each other is set to the width x of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side. On the other hand, it is within the range of ⁇ x / 2. That is, the amount of deviation is determined so that there is no gap between the waveguide wall portions 29 stacked on each other.
- B [deg] is the refraction angle of the filter component 28 (color filter 33).
- the incident light 22 is obliquely incident on the end side (high image height) of the pixel region 3.
- the waveguide module 26 since the waveguide wall portion 29 is formed at the position where the waveguide wall portion 29 is pupil-corrected, the incident light 22 incident at an angle is on the microlens array 18 side of the waveguide wall portion 29 (FIG. 2). It is possible to prevent the incident light 22 from being scattered by the waveguide wall portion 29. Further, in the microlens 30, a part of the incident light 22 is diffracted by the diffraction action of the microlens 30, and the diffracted incident light 22 spreads.
- the waveguide module 26 since a zigzag waveguide is formed so as to extend in a direction parallel to the obliquely incident incident light 22, light is emitted at the interface between the filter component 28 and the waveguide wall portion 29. , And the spread incident light 22 is returned to the center side of the pixel 9, and the invasion of the incident light 22 into other pixels 9 can be suppressed.
- the microlens array 18 has a microlens 30 for each pixel 9 on the back surface S5 side (light receiving surface side) of the color filter layer 17.
- Each of the microlenses 30 collects the image light (incident light 22) from the subject into the photoelectric conversion unit 23 via the waveguide module 26. Further, on the end side (high image height) of the pixel region 3, pupil correction is performed on each of the microlenses 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the microlenses 30 is displaced toward the center of the pixel region 3 with respect to the waveguide module 26. Further, the microlens 30 is formed with a low profile.
- the height H of the microlens 30 is preferably, for example, 300 nm or less, more preferably 200 nm or less. As the height H, for example, the distance between the top and bottom of the microlens 30 can be adopted. By lowering the height of the microlens 30, even if a part of the incident light 22 is diffracted by the diffraction action of the microlens 30, all the diffracted incident light 22 is removed before the diffracted incident light 22 spreads. It can be guided into the waveguide module 26, and it is possible to prevent the incident light 22 from being incident on the adjacent pixel 9.
- the wiring layer 20 is formed on the surface S2 side of the substrate 2, and includes an interlayer insulating film 31 and wiring 32 laminated in a plurality of layers via the interlayer insulating film 31. Then, the wiring layer 20 drives the pixel transistors constituting each pixel 9 via the wiring 32 of a plurality of layers.
- the support substrate 21 is formed on a surface of the wiring layer 20 opposite to the side facing the substrate 2.
- the support substrate 21 is a substrate for ensuring the strength of the substrate 2 in the manufacturing stage of the solid-state image sensor 1.
- silicon (Si) can be used as the material of the support substrate 21, for example.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 having the above configuration, light is irradiated from the back surface side of the substrate 2 (the back surface S1 side of the light receiving layer 16), and the irradiated light is transmitted through the microlens 30 and the waveguide module 26. Light is photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion unit 23 to generate a signal charge. Then, the generated signal charge is output as a pixel signal by the vertical signal line 11 shown in FIG. 1 formed by the wiring 32 via the pixel transistor formed on the surface S2 side of the substrate 2.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 of the lower waveguide 27 among the lower, middle and upper waveguides 27 shown in FIG. 3 is formed on the back surface S1 of the light receiving layer 16.
- the filter constituent members 28 are formed in each of the spaces surrounded by the formed waveguide wall portions 29 to form the lower waveguide 27.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 of the middle waveguide 27 is placed on the waveguide wall portion 29 of the lower waveguide 27 from the waveguide wall portion 29 of the lower waveguide 27.
- the filter constituent members 28 are formed in each of the spaces surrounded by the formed waveguide wall portions 29 to form the waveguide 27 in the middle stage.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 of the upper waveguide 27 is placed on the waveguide wall portion 29 of the middle stage waveguide 27 from the waveguide wall portion 29 of the middle stage waveguide 27.
- filter constituent members 28 are formed in each of the spaces surrounded by the formed waveguide wall portions 29 to form the upper waveguide 27.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 of the first embodiment has a configuration in which a plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions 29 surrounding the periphery of the color filter 33 are provided between the color filters 33. Then, each of the plurality of waveguide wall portions 29 is formed at the position where the pupil is corrected. Therefore, it is possible to form a waveguide in which the color filter 33 is the core and the waveguide wall portions 29 in a plurality of stages are clads, and it is possible to suppress the incident light 22 from diffusing into the other pixels 9 in the color filter 33, and each pixel. The sensitivity of 9 can be improved.
- the incident light 22 is obliquely incident on the end side of the pixel region 3, but the obliquely incident incident light 22 is on the microlens 30 side of the waveguide wall portion 29 (circle 34 in FIG. 2). It is possible to prevent the incident light 22 from being hit by the waveguide wall portion 29, and it is possible to further improve the sensitivity of each pixel 9. In addition, it is possible to prevent scattered light from entering the other pixels 9 and causing color mixing. Therefore, it is possible to provide a solid-state image sensor 1 capable of increasing the sensitivity of the pixel 9 and preventing color mixing.
- the back surface irradiation type structure that is, the back surface S1 of the substrate 2 opposite to the front surface S2 of the substrate 2 on which the wiring layer 20 is formed is used as a light receiving surface, and the substrate 2 is used.
- the structure is such that the incident light 22 is incident from the back surface S1 side of the above. Therefore, the incident light 22 is incident on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 without being restricted by the wiring layer 20. Therefore, the opening of the photoelectric conversion unit 23 can be widened, and higher sensitivity can be achieved than, for example, the surface irradiation type.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a case where the waveguide wall portion 29 has two stages.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a case where the waveguide wall portion 29 has four stages.
- the amount of deviation between the uppermost waveguide wall portion 29 and the lowermost waveguide wall portion 29 is increased as the distance from the central portion of the pixel region 3 increases.
- other configurations can be adopted.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 in the region where the distance from the center portion of the pixel region 3 is equal to or less than a predetermined distance is not pupil-corrected, and the distance from the center portion of the pixel region 3 is increased.
- the pupil correction may be performed only on the waveguide wall portion 29 in a region larger than a predetermined distance. In this case, as the pupil correction, the amount of deviation between the uppermost waveguide wall portion 29 and the lowermost waveguide wall portion 29 may be constant regardless of the distance from the central portion of the pixel region 3.
- the height of each step of the waveguide wall portion 29 is the same, but other configurations can be adopted.
- the heights of the waveguide wall portions 29 may be different from each other between the two or more stages of the waveguide wall portions 29 among the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portions 29.
- the height of the waveguide wall portion 29 is made different from each other in each stage, and the height of the waveguide wall portion 29 in the stage on the microlens 30 side is set to the photoelectric conversion unit 23. It may be lower than the height of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the side stage.
- the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is , It is supported by both the first-stage waveguide wall portion 29 and the filter component 28.
- the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is the first-stage filter component member 28. Since it is not supported and is supported only by the first-stage waveguide 27, it may fall down.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the microlens 30 side lower than that of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side, the waveguide wall portion 29 is formed. Since it is difficult to fall down, the waveguide wall portion 29 can be formed relatively easily. Further, for example, the number of stages of the waveguide wall portion 29 can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with the configuration in which the height of each stage of the waveguide wall portion 29 is lowered.
- the materials of the plurality of stages of the filter constituent members 28 are the same is shown, but other configurations may be adopted.
- the materials of the filter constituent members 28 may be different from each other among the two or more stages of the filter constituent members 28 among the plurality of stages of the filter constituent members 28.
- the viscosity of the material of the filter component 28 of the other stage may be lower than the viscosity of the material of the filter component 28 of the stage closest to the microlens 30.
- the viscosity of the material of the first-stage and second-stage filter constituent members 28 is lower than the viscosity of the material of the third-stage filter constituent member 28.
- the material of the filter constituent member 28 for example, a resist resin for a color filter can be adopted.
- the waveguide module 26 when the waveguide module 26 is formed, if the surface of the filter component 28 is uneven in the first-stage waveguide 27, the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is the second-stage waveguide. Since a part of the wall portion 29 is provided on the uneven surface of the first-stage filter constituent member 28, there is a possibility that the wall portion 29 may fall down. Therefore, when there is unevenness, it is necessary to polish the surface of the filter constituent member 28 to make it flat after the formation of the filter constituent member 28.
- the filter configuration of the first stage and the second stage By making the viscosity of the material of the color filter 33 of the other stage lower than the viscosity of the material of the color filter 33 of the stage closest to the microlens 30, the filter configuration of the first stage and the second stage The unevenness of the surface of the member 28 can be reduced, and the polishing process of the surface of the filter constituent member 28 can be reduced.
- the width of each stage of the waveguide wall portion 29 is the same is shown, but other configurations may be adopted.
- the widths of the waveguide wall portions 29 may be different from each other between the two or more stages of the waveguide wall portions 29 among the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portions 29.
- the width of the waveguide wall portion 29 is made different from each other in each stage, and the width of the waveguide wall portion 29 in the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side is set to the microlens 30 side. It may be wider than the width of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the step.
- the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is , It is supported by both the first-stage waveguide wall portion 29 and the filter component 28.
- the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is the first-stage filter component member 28. Since it is not supported and is supported only by the first-stage waveguide 27, it may fall down.
- the width of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side wider than the width of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the microlens 30 side, the width between the waveguide wall portions 29 is widened. Since the contact area of the waveguide wall portion 29 can be increased and the waveguide wall portion 29 is less likely to fall down, the waveguide wall portion 29 can be formed relatively easily.
- the amount of deviation of each stage of the waveguide wall portion 29 is the same is shown, but other configurations can also be adopted.
- the amount of deviation of the waveguide wall portions 29 may be different from each other between the two or more stages of the waveguide wall portions 29 among the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portions 29.
- the deviation amount of the waveguide wall portion 29 is made different from each other in each stage, and the deviation amount of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the stage on the microlens 30 side is set to the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side. It may be larger than the deviation amount of the waveguide wall portion 29 of the step.
- the magnitude relationship of the deviation amount is as follows: deviation amount between the third-stage waveguide wall portion 29 and the fourth-stage waveguide wall portion 29> the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 and the third-stage guidance.
- the amount of deviation from the waveguide wall portion 29> The amount of deviation between the first-stage waveguide wall portion 29 and the second-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is in this order.
- the incident light 22 focused by the microlens 30 is refracted at the interface between the microlens 30 and the filter component 28, so that the refraction angle is smaller than the incident angle.
- Refraction angle of the incident light 22 the ratio of the refractive index n 2 of the refractive index n 1 and a filter component 28 of the microlens 30 (n 2 / n 1) is significantly reduced as shown in FIG. 11 as large.
- the incident is obliquely incident. While preventing the incident light 22 from hitting the microlens 30 side of the waveguide wall portion 29 (the portion marked with a circle 34 in FIG. 11), the light collected by the microlens 30 is collected by the waveguide wall portion of each stage.
- each of the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portion 29 is set on the microlens 30 side of the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit 23 side.
- the overall height of the multi-stage waveguide wall portion 29 is the same as the height of the color filter 33, but other configurations may be adopted. ..
- the overall height of the plurality of waveguide wall portions 29 may be different from the height of the color filter 33.
- the overall height of the plurality of waveguide wall portions 29 may be higher than the height of the color filter 33.
- the upper end side of the fifth-stage waveguide wall portion 29 protrudes from the color filter 33 and is located between the microlenses 30.
- the waveguide wall portion 29 of the uppermost stage is less likely to fall down, so that the waveguide wall portion 29 is set. It can be formed relatively easily and the process difficulty can be reduced.
- the distance between the microlens 30 and the waveguide wall portion 29 becomes long, all the incident light 22 diffracted and spread by the microlens 30 cannot be guided into the waveguide module 26, and the waveguide effect is weakened. there is a possibility. Further, since a part of the incident light 22 passes through the color filter 33 of the adjacent pixels 9, the incident light 22 may be weakened and the sensitivity of each pixel 9 may be lowered.
- the diffracted incident light 22 is before the diffracted incident light 22 spreads.
- the whole can be guided into the waveguide module 26, and the waveguide effect can be strengthened. Further, since the incident light 22 does not pass through the color filter 33 of the adjacent pixels 9, the sensitivity of each pixel 9 can be improved.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an electronic device (for example, a camera) to which the technique according to the present disclosure (the present technique) can be applied.
- the electronic device 100 includes a solid-state imaging device 101, an optical lens 102, a shutter device 103, a drive circuit 104, and a signal processing circuit 105.
- the optical lens 102 forms an image of image light (incident light 106) from the subject on the image pickup surface of the solid-state image pickup device 101.
- the signal charge is accumulated in the solid-state image sensor 101 for a certain period of time.
- the shutter device 103 controls the light irradiation period and the light blocking period of the solid-state image sensor 101.
- the drive circuit 104 supplies a drive signal that controls the transfer operation of the solid-state image sensor 101 and the shutter operation of the shutter device 103.
- the signal transfer of the solid-state image sensor 101 is performed by the drive signal (timing signal) supplied from the drive circuit 104.
- the signal processing circuit 105 performs various signal processing on the signal (pixel signal) output from the solid-state image sensor 101.
- the signal-processed video signal is stored in a storage medium such as a memory or output to a monitor.
- the electronic device 100 to which the solid-state image sensor 1 can be applied is not limited to the camera, but can also be applied to other electronic devices. For example, it may be applied to an imaging device such as a camera module for mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablet terminals.
- the above is an example of an electronic device to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the technique according to the present disclosure can be applied to the solid-state image sensor 101 among the configurations described above.
- the solid-state image sensor 1 of FIG. 1 can be applied to the solid-state image sensor 101.
- a better photographed image can be obtained.
- the present technology can also have the following configurations.
- (1) With multiple microlenses that collect incident light, A plurality of color filters that transmit light of a specific wavelength included in the condensed incident light, and A plurality of photoelectric conversion units in which light of a specific wavelength transmitted through the color filter is incident, and It is provided between the color filters and has a plurality of stages of waveguide walls surrounding the color filters.
- a solid-state image sensor in which each of the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portion is formed at a position where pupil correction is performed.
- (2) The solid-state image sensor according to (1) above, wherein the waveguide wall portion contains a low-refractive-index material having a refractive index lower than that of the color filter.
- Device. (4) The solid-state image sensor according to (3), wherein the height of the waveguide wall portion of the microlens side stage is lower than the height of the waveguide wall portion of the stage on the photoelectric conversion unit side.
- the color filter includes a plurality of stages of filter components.
- the width of the waveguide wall portion is different from each other between the two or more stages of the waveguide wall portions among the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portions, according to any one of (1) to (6).
- Solid-state image sensor in this (7), "the width of the waveguide wall portion in the direction parallel to the back surface S3 (light receiving surface) of the substrate 2 in the cross section perpendicular to the back surface S3 (light receiving surface) of the substrate 2 is plural.
- the solid-state imaging device according to any one of (1) to (6), which is different from each other between the two or more stages of the waveguide wall portion of the stage.
- a plurality of microlenses that collect incident light, a plurality of color filters that transmit light of a specific wavelength contained in the condensed incident light, and a plurality of colors that transmit light of a specific wavelength transmitted through the color filter. It is provided with a photoelectric conversion unit and a plurality of stages of waveguide wall portions arranged between the color filters and surrounding the periphery of the color filter, and each of the plurality of stages of the waveguide wall portions is formed at a position where pupil correction is performed.
- Solid-state imaging device and An optical lens that forms an image of the image light from the subject on the imaging surface of the solid-state image sensor, and An electronic device including a signal processing circuit that processes a signal output from the solid-state image sensor.
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Abstract
Description
また、画素領域の端部側(高像高)では、入射光はマイクロレンズに斜めに入射する。
本開示は、画素の感度を高めるとともに、混色を防止可能な固体撮像装置及び電子機器を提供することを目的とする。
1-1 固体撮像装置の全体の構成
1-2 要部の構成
1-3 カラーフィルタ層の形成方法
1-4 変形例
2.第2の実施形態:電子機器への応用例
[1-1 固体撮像装置の全体の構成]
本開示の第1の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1について説明する。図1は、本開示の第1の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1の全体を示す概略構成図である。
図1の固体撮像装置1は、裏面照射型のCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)イメージセンサである。図13に示すように、固体撮像装置1(101)は、光学レンズ102を介して被写体からの像光(入射光106)を取り込み、撮像面上に結像された入射光106の光量を画素単位で電気信号に変換して画素信号として出力する。
図1に示すように、固体撮像装置1は、基板2と、画素領域3と、垂直駆動回路4と、カラム信号処理回路5と、水平駆動回路6と、出力回路7と、制御回路8とを備えている。
水平駆動回路6は、例えば、シフトレジスタによって構成され、水平走査パルスをカラム信号処理回路5に順次出力して、カラム信号処理回路5の各々を順番に選択し、カラム信号処理回路5の各々から信号処理が行われた画素信号を水平信号線12に出力させる。
制御回路8は、垂直同期信号、水平同期信号、及びマスタクロック信号に基づいて、垂直駆動回路4、カラム信号処理回路5、及び水平駆動回路6等の動作の基準となるクロック信号や制御信号を生成する。そして、制御回路8は、生成したクロック信号や制御信号を、垂直駆動回路4、カラム信号処理回路5、及び水平駆動回路6等に出力する。
次に、図1の固体撮像装置1の詳細構造について説明する。図2は、図1のA-A線で破断した場合の、固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。
図2に示すように、固体撮像装置1は、基板2、絶縁膜13、遮光膜14及び平坦化膜15がこの順に積層されてなる受光層16を備えている。また、受光層16の平坦化膜15側の面(以下、「裏面S1」とも呼ぶ)には、カラーフィルタ層17及びマイクロレンズアレイ18がこの順に積層されてなる集光層19が形成されている。さらに、受光層16の基板2側の面(以下、「表面S2」とも呼ぶ)には、配線層20及び支持基板21がこの順に積層されている。なお、受光層16の裏面S1と平坦化膜15の裏面とは同一の面であるため、以下の記載では、平坦化膜15の裏面についても「裏面S1」と表す。また、受光層16の表面S2と基板2の表面とは同一の面であるため、以下の記載では、基板2の表面についても「表面S2」と表す。
また、各光電変換部23は、画素分離部24によって物理的に分離されている。画素分離部24は、各光電変換部23を取り囲むように、格子状に形成されている。画素分離部24は、基板2の絶縁膜13との対向面(以下、「裏面S3」とも呼ぶ)側から深さ方向に形成された有底のトレンチ部25(溝部)を有している。トレンチ部25は、内側面及び底面が画素分離部24の外形を形成するように、格子状に形成されている。また、トレンチ部25の内部には、基板2の裏面S3側を覆う絶縁膜13が埋め込まれている。
フィルタ構成部材28は、マイクロレンズ30で集光された入射光22が含む特定波長の光を透過する光学フィルタである。特定波長の光としては、例えば、赤色光、緑色光、青色光を採用できる。また、同一の導波路モジュール26に含まれるフィルタ構成部材28のそれぞれとしては、同一色の光を透過するフィルタ構成部材28を用いている。これにより、導波路モジュール26が有する複数段のフィルタ構成部材28を含んで、カラーフィルタ33を形成している。カラーフィルタ33を透過した特定波長の光は、光電変換部23に入射される。また、マイクロレンズ30側から見た場合の、フィルタ構成部材28の配列パターンとしては、例えば、ベイヤー配列を採用できる。フィルタ構成部材28の材料としては、例えば、屈折率1.4~1.9の有機系のガラス材料を採用できる。
z=y×tanB ………(1)
SinB=n/sinA
ここで、B[deg]はフィルタ構成部材28(カラーフィルタ33)の屈折角度である。
また、画素領域3の端部側(高像高)では、マイクロレンズ30それぞれに瞳補正が行われている。具体的には、マイクロレンズ30のそれぞれは、図2に示すように、導波路モジュール26よりも画素領域3の中心部側にずれている。また、マイクロレンズ30は、低背化されて形成されている。マイクロレンズ30の高さHは、例えば、300nm以下が好ましく、200nm以下がより好ましい。高さHとしては、例えば、マイクロレンズ30の頂部と底面との間の距離を採用できる。マイクロレンズ30を低背化することにより、マイクロレンズ30の回折作用で入射光22の一部が回折されたとしても、回折された入射光22が広がる前に、回折された入射光22全部を導波路モジュール26内に導くことができ、入射光22が隣接する画素9へ入射することを防止することができる。
支持基板21は、配線層20の基板2に面する側とは反対側の面に形成されている。支持基板21は、固体撮像装置1の製造段階において、基板2の強度を確保するための基板である。支持基板21の材料としては、例えば、シリコン(Si)を用いることができる。
次に、固体撮像装置1における、カラーフィルタ層17の形成方法について説明する。
まず、図5Aに示すように、受光層16の裏面S1に、図3に示した下段、中段及び上段の導波路27のうちの、下段の導波路27の導波路壁部29を形成する。続いて、図5Bに示すように、形成した導波路壁部29で囲まれた空間それぞれにフィルタ構成部材28を形成して、下段の導波路27を形成する。続いて、図5Cに示すように、下段の導波路27の導波路壁部29の上に、中段の導波路27の導波路壁部29を、下段の導波路27の導波路壁部29よりも画素領域3の中心部側にずらして形成する。続いて、図5Dに示すように、形成した導波路壁部29で囲まれた空間それぞれにフィルタ構成部材28を形成して、中段の導波路27を形成する。続いて、図5Eに示すように、中段の導波路27の導波路壁部29の上に、上段の導波路27の導波路壁部29を、中段の導波路27の導波路壁部29よりも画素領域3の中心部側にずらして形成し、形成した導波路壁部29で囲まれた空間それぞれにフィルタ構成部材28を形成して、上段の導波路27を形成する。これにより複数の導波路モジュール26を有するカラーフィルタ層17が得られる。
それゆえ、カラーフィルタ33をコアとし複数段の導波路壁部29をクラッドとした導波路を形成でき、カラーフィルタ33内で入射光22が他の画素9に拡散することを抑制でき、各画素9の感度を向上できる。また、通常、画素領域3の端部側では入射光22が斜めに入射されるが、斜めに入射された入射光22が導波路壁部29のマイクロレンズ30側(図2の丸印34の部分)にあたることを防止でき、入射光22が導波路壁部29でけられることを防止でき、各画素9の感度をさらに向上することができる。また、散乱光が他の画素9に侵入して混色を生じることを防止することができる。それゆえ、画素9の感度を高めるとともに、混色を防止可能な固体撮像装置1を提供することができる。
(1)なお、第1の実施形態では、導波路壁部29の段数を三段とする例を示したが、他の構成を採用することもできる。例えば、図6及び図7に示すように、三段より少なくてもよく、三段より多くてもよい。図6は、導波路壁部29が二段の場合を例示している。また、図7は、導波路壁部29が四段の場合を例示している。導波路壁部29の段数を三段より多くすることで、導波路モジュール26全体で形成される導波路をより大きく傾けることができ、高CRA(chie ray angle)が必要とされるモバイル機器に好適である。
ここで、例えば、導波路モジュール26の形成時に、一段目の導波路27において、導波路壁部29とフィルタ構成部材28とが同じ高さである場合、二段目の導波路壁部29は、一段目の導波路壁部29とフィルタ構成部材28との両方で支えられる。しかしながら、例えば、一段目の導波路27において、導波路壁部29がフィルタ構成部材28よりも高くなってしまった場合、二段目の導波路壁部29は、一段目のフィルタ構成部材28で支えられず、一段目の導波路27のみで支えることになるので、倒れる可能性がある。これに対し、マイクロレンズ30側の段の導波路壁部29の高さを、光電変換部23側の段の導波路壁部29よりも低くする構成とすることで、導波路壁部29が倒れ難くなるため、導波路壁部29を比較的容易に形成できる。また例えば、導波路壁部29の各段の高さを低くする構成に比べ、導波路壁部29の段数を低減でき、製造コストを低減できる。
ここで、例えば、導波路モジュール26の形成時に、一段目の導波路27において、フィルタ構成部材28の表面に凹凸がある場合、二段目の導波路壁部29は、二段目の導波路壁部29の一部が一段目のフィルタ構成部材28の凹凸上に設けられるので、倒れる可能性がある。それゆえ、凹凸がある場合には、フィルタ構成部材28の形成後に、フィルタ構成部材28表面を研磨して平坦にする必要がある。これに対し、最もマイクロレンズ30側の段のカラーフィルタ33の材料の粘性よりもその他の段のカラーフィルタ33の材料の粘性を低くする構成とすることで、一段目及び二段目のフィルタ構成部材28の表面の凹凸を低減することができ、フィルタ構成部材28表面の研磨工程を削減できる。
ここで、例えば、導波路モジュール26の形成時に、一段目の導波路27において、導波路壁部29とフィルタ構成部材28とが同じ高さである場合、二段目の導波路壁部29は、一段目の導波路壁部29とフィルタ構成部材28との両方で支えられる。しかしながら、例えば、一段目の導波路27において、導波路壁部29がフィルタ構成部材28よりも高くなってしまった場合、二段目の導波路壁部29は、一段目のフィルタ構成部材28で支えられず、一段目の導波路27のみで支えることになるので、倒れる可能性がある。これに対し、光電変換部23側の段の導波路壁部29の幅をマイクロレンズ30側の段の導波路壁部29の幅よりも広くする構成とすることで、導波路壁部29間の接触面積を増大でき、導波路壁部29が倒れ難くなるため導波路壁部29を比較的容易に形成できる。
ここで、マイクロレンズ30で集光された入射光22は、マイクロレンズ30とフィルタ構成部材28との界面で屈折するため、入射角よりも屈折角が小さくなる。入射光22の屈折角は、マイクロレンズ30の屈折率n1とフィルタ構成部材28の屈折率n2との比率(n2/n1)が大きくなるほど図11に示すように大幅に小さくなる。これに対し、マイクロレンズ30側の段の導波路壁部29のずれ量を、光電変換部23側の段の導波路壁部29のずれ量よりも大きくする構成とすることで、斜めに入射された入射光22が導波路壁部29のマイクロレンズ30側(図11の丸印34の部分)にあたることを防止しつつ、マイクロレンズ30で集光された光を各段の導波路壁部29にあたらずに光電変換部23まで進ませることができる。これにより、各画素9の感度をより向上できる。
また、このような構成を採用する場合、図8に示すように、複数段の導波路壁部29のそれぞれを光電変換部23側の段の導波路壁部29よりもマイクロレンズ30側の段の導波路壁部29の方が高さを低くする構成を組み合わせることで、マイクロレンズ30側の段の導波路壁部29のずれ量を増大し易く、導波路壁部29を比較的容易に形成できる。
ここで、例えば、複数段の導波路壁部29の全体の高さをカラーフィルタ33の高さよりも低くした場合、最上段の導波路壁部29が倒れ難くなるため、導波路壁部29を比較的容易に形成でき、プロセス難易度を低下できる。しかしながら、マイクロレンズ30と導波路壁部29との距離が長くなるため、マイクロレンズ30で回折されて広がった入射光22全てを導波路モジュール26内に導くことができず、導波路効果が弱まる可能性がある。また、入射光22の一部が隣接する画素9のカラーフィルタ33を通るため、入射光22が弱められ、各画素9の感度が低下する可能性がある。これに対し、複数段の導波路壁部29の全体の高さをカラーフィルタ33の高さよりも高くする構成とすることで、回折された入射光22が広がる前に、回折された入射光22全部を導波路モジュール26内に導くことができ、導波路効果を強めることができる。また、入射光22が隣接する画素9のカラーフィルタ33を通らないため、各画素9の感度を向上できる。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、例えば、デジタルスチルカメラ、デジタルビデオカメラ等の撮像装置、撮像機能を備えた携帯電話機、又は、撮像機能を備えた他の機器といった各種の電子機器に適用されてもよい。
図13は、本開示に係る技術(本技術)が適用され得る電子機器(例えば、カメラ)の概略的な構成の一例を示す図である。
図13に示すように、電子機器100は、固体撮像装置101と、光学レンズ102と、シャッタ装置103と、駆動回路104と、信号処理回路105とを備えている。
なお、固体撮像装置1を適用できる電子機器100としては、カメラに限られるものではなく、他の電子機器にも適用することができる。例えば、携帯電話機やタブレット端末等のモバイル機器向けカメラモジュール等の撮像装置に適用してもよい。
(1)
入射光を集光する複数のマイクロレンズと、
集光された前記入射光が含む特定波長の光を透過する複数のカラーフィルタと、
前記カラーフィルタを透過した特定波長の光が入射される複数の光電変換部と、
前記カラーフィルタ間に配置され、前記カラーフィルタの周囲を囲む複数段の導波路壁部とを備え、
複数段の前記導波路壁部それぞれは、瞳補正がされた位置に形成されている
固体撮像装置。
(2)
前記導波路壁部は、前記カラーフィルタよりも屈折率の低い低屈折材料を含む
前記(1)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(3)
前記導波路壁部の高さは、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
前記(1)又は(2)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(4)
前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部の高さよりも、前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部の高さが低い
前記(3)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(5)
前記カラーフィルタは、複数段のフィルタ構成部材を含み、
前記フィルタ構成部材の材料は、複数段の前記フィルタ構成部材のうちの、二段以上の前記フィルタ構成部材間で互いに異なっている
前記(1)から(4)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
(6)
最も前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記カラーフィルタの材料の粘性よりも、他の段の前記カラーフィルタの材料の粘性が低い
前記(5)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(7)
前記導波路壁部の幅は、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
前記(1)から(6)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
言い換えると、この(7)は、「基板2の裏面S3(受光面)に垂直な断面の、基板2の裏面S3(受光面)と平行な方向における、前記導波路壁部の幅は、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
前記(1)から(6)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。」とも言える。
(8)
前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部の幅よりも、前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部の幅が広い
前記(7)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(9)
前記導波路壁部のずれ量は、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
前記(1)から(8)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
(10)
前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部のずれ量よりも、前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部のずれ量が大きい
前記(9)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(11)
複数段の前記導波路壁部の全体の高さは、前記カラーフィルタの高さと異なっている
前記(1)から(10)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
(12)
複数段の前記導波路壁部の全体の高さは、前記カラーフィルタの高さよりも高い
前記(11)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(13)
前記光電変換部は、裏面照射型構造である
前記(1)から(12)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
(14)
前記マイクロレンズの高さは、300nm以下である
前記(1)から(13)の何れかに記載の固体撮像装置。
(15)
入射光を集光する複数のマイクロレンズと、集光された前記入射光が含む特定波長の光を透過する複数のカラーフィルタと、前記カラーフィルタを透過した特定波長の光が入射される複数の光電変換部と、前記カラーフィルタ間に配置され、前記カラーフィルタの周囲を囲む複数段の導波路壁部とを備え、複数段の前記導波路壁部それぞれは、瞳補正がされた位置に形成されている固体撮像装置と、
被写体からの像光を前記固体撮像装置の撮像面上に結像させる光学レンズと、
前記固体撮像装置から出力される信号に信号処理を行う信号処理回路とを備える
電子機器。
Claims (15)
- 入射光を集光する複数のマイクロレンズと、
集光された前記入射光が含む特定波長の光を透過する複数のカラーフィルタと、
前記カラーフィルタを透過した特定波長の光が入射される複数の光電変換部と、
前記カラーフィルタ間に配置され、前記カラーフィルタの周囲を囲む複数段の導波路壁部とを備え、
複数段の前記導波路壁部それぞれは、瞳補正がされた位置に形成されている
固体撮像装置。 - 前記導波路壁部は、前記カラーフィルタよりも屈折率の低い低屈折材料を含む
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記導波路壁部の高さは、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部の高さよりも、前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部の高さが低い
請求項3に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記カラーフィルタは、複数段のフィルタ構成部材を含み、
前記フィルタ構成部材の材料は、複数段の前記フィルタ構成部材のうちの、二段以上の前記フィルタ構成部材間で互いに異なっている
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 最も前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記フィルタ構成部材の材料の粘性よりも、他の段の前記フィルタ構成部材の材料の粘性が低い
請求項5に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記導波路壁部の幅は、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部の幅よりも、前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部の幅が広い
請求項7に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記導波路壁部のずれ量は、複数段の前記導波路壁部のうちの、二段以上の前記導波路壁部間で互いに異なっている
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光電変換部側の段の前記導波路壁部のずれ量よりも、前記マイクロレンズ側の段の前記導波路壁部のずれ量が大きい
請求項9に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 複数段の前記導波路壁部の全体の高さは、前記カラーフィルタの高さと異なっている
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 複数段の前記導波路壁部の全体の高さは、前記カラーフィルタの高さよりも高い
請求項11に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光電変換部は、裏面照射型構造である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記マイクロレンズの高さは、300nm以下である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 入射光を集光する複数のマイクロレンズと、集光された前記入射光が含む特定波長の光を透過する複数のカラーフィルタと、前記カラーフィルタを透過した特定波長の光が入射される複数の光電変換部と、前記カラーフィルタ間に配置され、前記カラーフィルタの周囲を囲む複数段の導波路壁部とを備え、複数段の前記導波路壁部それぞれは、瞳補正がされた位置に形成されている固体撮像装置と、
被写体からの像光を前記固体撮像装置の撮像面上に結像させる光学レンズと、
前記固体撮像装置から出力される信号に信号処理を行う信号処理回路とを備える
電子機器。
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| US12068347B2 (en) | 2024-08-20 |
| US20240339470A1 (en) | 2024-10-10 |
| JPWO2021220610A1 (ja) | 2021-11-04 |
| JP7617905B2 (ja) | 2025-01-20 |
| CN115244696A (zh) | 2022-10-25 |
| KR20230002407A (ko) | 2023-01-05 |
| US20230163149A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
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