WO2021261545A1 - 流動食 - Google Patents
流動食 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021261545A1 WO2021261545A1 PCT/JP2021/023909 JP2021023909W WO2021261545A1 WO 2021261545 A1 WO2021261545 A1 WO 2021261545A1 JP 2021023909 W JP2021023909 W JP 2021023909W WO 2021261545 A1 WO2021261545 A1 WO 2021261545A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid food
- liquid
- mass
- molecular weight
- present
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/25—Exudates, e.g. gum arabic, gum acacia, gum karaya or tragacanth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid food, a method for suppressing liquid phase separation of liquid food or imparting excellent thickening property, and an agent for the method.
- nasal or oral tube feeding, or gastrostomy or enteral fistula tube feeding has been used for elderly people or patients who have difficulty in oral intake of food.
- Nasal or oral tube feeding is performed via a tube that is inserted through the nose or mouth and reaches the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, or jejunum, and gastrostomy / enterostomy tube feeding is performed.
- This is a method of continuously administering nutrition such as a concentrated liquid diet through a tube in which an external fistula is surgically or endoscopically constructed in the site from the esophagus to the jejunum (mostly the stomach).
- low-viscosity foods (hereinafter referred to as general liquid foods) have been the mainstream of liquid foods such as concentrated liquid foods, and since they contain many proteins and lipids, there is a problem that liquid phase separation occurs over time. was there. In addition, due to its low viscosity, it had poor retention in the stomach and had a risk of diarrhea and reflux into the gastroesophagus. As a countermeasure against this weakness, there is an option to use a high-viscosity type liquid food that slows down the administration rate of the liquid food. However, the former involves the pain and pressure ulcer risk of the care recipient due to the prolonged administration.
- Patent Document 1 an emulsified food composition containing a predetermined amount of lipid, a thickener that gels in an acidic region, gum arabic or gati gum, and a divalent metal salt provides emulsification stability immediately after preparation. It is disclosed that it is excellent.
- the present invention relates to providing a means for suppressing liquid phase separation during storage of a liquid food containing a protein and / or a decomposition product thereof, a lipid, and a salt containing calcium or magnesium.
- the present invention relates to providing a new means for suppressing liquid phase separation without impairing the thickening property when the liquid food is thickened.
- the present inventors have completed the present invention based on the following new findings. As a result of diligent studies, the present inventors have found that (A) a protein and / or a decomposition product thereof, (B) a lipid, (C) a salt containing calcium or magnesium, and (D) a weight average molecular weight of 0. It has been found that a liquid diet in which liquid phase separation is suppressed can be produced by containing a small molecule gati gum of 05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- the present inventors have found that in the case of the above-mentioned liquid food thickening mode, it has excellent thickening property.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- [1] Proteins and / or their degradation products, (B) Lipids, (C) Salts containing calcium or magnesium, and (D) Small molecules with a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- [2] (E) The liquid food according to [1], which contains a thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions.
- the liquid food according to [1] or [2] which is ingested orally or by tube and thickened by being mixed with gastric fluid in the stomach.
- [4] The liquid food according to any one of [1] to [3], which has a pH of 5.5 to 8.
- the content of the low molecular weight gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6 is 0.05 to 2.5% by mass.
- the liquid food according to any one.
- (D) Contains a low molecular weight gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- the agent according to [10] wherein the liquid food is ingested orally or by tube and then thickened by being mixed with gastric fluid in the stomach.
- the agent according to [10] or [11] wherein the liquid food further contains (E) a thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions.
- liquid phase separation of liquid foods containing proteins and / or their decomposition products, lipids, and salts containing calcium or magnesium is suppressed.
- the liquid diet of the present invention has excellent thickening properties.
- Test Example 1 No. It is a photograph showing the appearance of the liquid phase after storing the gastric thickening liquid food sample containing different kinds of components as the component of No. 3 at 25 ° C. for 10 days. The white bars represent the transparent phase created by the separation.
- Test Example 2 No. It is a photograph showing the appearance of the liquid phase after storing each intragastric thickening liquid food sample containing different amounts of small molecule gati gum (weight average molecular weight 150,000) as a component of No. 3 at 25 ° C. for 3 days. The white bars represent the transparent phase created by the separation.
- Test Example 3 No.
- White or black bars represent the transparent phase resulting from the separation.
- No. 3 is a photograph showing the appearance of a liquid phase after storing a general liquid food sample containing different amounts of small molecule gati gum (weight average molecular weight 150,000) at 25 ° C. for 1 or 3 days as a component of 3.
- the white bars represent the transparent phase created by the separation.
- No. It is a photograph showing the appearance of the liquid phase after storing a general liquid food sample containing a small molecule gati gum having a different weight average molecular weight as a component of No. 3 at 25 ° C. for 3 days.
- the white bars represent the transparent phase created by the separation.
- liquid phase separation of a liquid food means that when the liquid food is allowed to stand, a transparent phase appears in the suspended particles in the liquid food over time as compared with that before the standing. Refers to a phenomenon. That is, if a transparent phase is observed regardless of the presence or absence of precipitation or aggregation, it is considered that liquid phase separation has occurred.
- the "viscosity" of the liquid food refers to the property that the viscosity value becomes high when the viscosity of the liquid food is measured.
- the thickening includes a state in which the sample forms a gel, but at that time, for example, there is a bias in the formation of the gel, and when the sample separates into a gel-like part and a liquid part, the viscosity does not easily increase. Therefore, it is judged that the thickening property is low, and conversely, when the entire gel is uniformly gelled, the viscosity tends to increase and the thickening property is judged to be high.
- thickening agent thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions means that in a solution having the same concentration of the thickener but different only in the presence or absence of divalent metal ions. It indicates that the viscosity of the solution in which the valent metal ion is present is higher than the viscosity of the solution in which the valence metal ion is not contained.
- the liquid diet of the present invention comprises (A) a protein and / or a degradation product thereof, (B) a lipid, (C) a thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions, and (C) calcium or magnesium. It contains a salt and (D) a small molecule gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- the liquid food of the present invention contains a protein and / or a decomposition product thereof as the component (A).
- proteins and / or protein degradation products are amino acids, peptides (polypeptides having less than 50 residues such as mono, di, tripeptides, tetrapeptides, oligopeptides, etc.), and proteins (number of residues). Is a single component of any one selected from the group consisting of 50 or more polypeptides), or a combination of two or more.
- a liquid diet containing at least a protein tends to be more easily phase-separated in the coexistence of a lipid and a salt containing calcium or magnesium than a liquid diet containing only a proteolytic product.
- component (D) liquid phase separation can be suppressed even when a protein is used.
- the type of protein and / or its decomposition product is not particularly limited, but for example, milk-derived protein (milk, defatted milk powder, whole fat powder milk, milk protein concentrate, milky protein (whey), casein, lactoferrin, etc.), and the like.
- Egg protein (egg white, albumin, etc.), meat / marine product-derived protein, gelatin, collagen, and other animal-derived proteins; soybean protein (defatted soymilk powder, etc.), pea protein, green bean protein, barley protein, wheat protein (gluten, etc.), rice
- One of the components selected from the group consisting of proteins, vegetable-derived proteins, plant-derived proteins such as fruit-derived proteins; microorganism-derived proteins such as yeast-derived proteins; and decomposition products of these proteins, or two or more components. Combinations can be mentioned.
- the component (A) of the present invention preferably contains at least one or more selected from the group consisting of milk-derived protein, plant-derived protein, and decomposition products thereof, and preferably contains milk-derived protein and soybean. It is more preferable to contain at least one or more selected from the group consisting of proteins and decomposition products thereof.
- a milk-derived protein or a decomposition product thereof contains a milky protein (whey protein concentrate: WPC, separated whey protein: WPI, etc.), casein (casein sodium, casein calcium, and other casein metal salts). ), Non-fat dry milk, whole milk protein, milk protein concentrate (MPC), isolated milk protein (MPI), and one or more selected from the group consisting of decomposition products thereof.
- the milk protein concentrate is a separated protein contained in milk and contains both casein and whey protein.
- Whey protein is a water-soluble protein that remains when casein, fat, fat-soluble components and the like are removed from milk.
- the main component of whey protein is a protein such as ⁇ -lactoglobulin, ⁇ -lactoglobulin, and lactoferrin, which may contain lactose, water-soluble vitamins, and salts.
- Casein is a protein having a phosphate group contained in milk, dairy products, etc., and is a protein that precipitates when milk or the like is adjusted to be acidic.
- the total content of the component (A) of the liquid food of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 15% by mass, still more preferably, based on the total amount of the liquid food. Is 2 to 10% by mass.
- the total content of the component (A) of the liquid food of the present invention is, for example, 0.5% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 1.5% by mass or more, or 2% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of the liquid food. It may be, and may be, for example, 20% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less.
- the liquid food of the present invention contains a lipid as a component (B).
- the lipid is not particularly limited, but is, for example, rapeseed oil (canola oil), soybean oil, corn oil, rice oil, palm oil, palm oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, perilla oil, sesame oil, flaxseed oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil.
- Vegetable oils such as peanut oil and cacao butter; Animal oils such as fish oil (squid oil, cod liver oil, etc.), beef fat, pork fat, etc .; ), Docosahexaenoic acid, Eikosapentaenoic acid and the like.
- the liquid diet of the present invention may contain these lipids alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total content of the component (B) of the liquid food of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, based on the total amount of the liquid food. More preferably, it is 1 to 10% by mass.
- the total content of the component (B) of the liquid food of the present invention is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, 0.2% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, or 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the liquid food. It may be more than or equal to, and may be, for example, 30% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less.
- the liquid food of the present invention contains a salt containing calcium or magnesium as the component (C).
- a salt containing either one or both of calcium and magnesium can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the component (C) of the present invention is preferably a salt containing calcium.
- the component (C) of the present invention is insoluble or sparingly soluble in neutral water and is soluble in an acidic region.
- the component (C) that is insoluble or sparingly soluble in neutral water and soluble in the acidic region is not particularly limited, and is, for example, tricalcium phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and steer. Examples thereof include calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate, calcium sulfate, trimagnesium phosphate, magnesium carbonate and the like.
- the total content of calcium and magnesium in the liquid food of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the liquid food, from the viewpoint of significantly exerting the effect of the present invention. It is preferably 0.05 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 2% by mass.
- the total content of calcium and magnesium in the liquid food of the present invention is, for example, 0.01% by mass or more, 0.02% by mass or more, 0.05% by mass or more, or 0.2% by mass with respect to the total amount of the liquid food. % Or more, and 5% by mass or less, 3% by mass or less, or 2% by mass or less.
- the liquid food of the present invention contains a small molecule gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6 as a component (D).
- a small molecule gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6 as a component (D).
- gatty gum is a polysaccharide derived from the sap (secretion) of gatinoki (Anogeissus latifolia Wallich), and is usually contained in water up to about 30% by mass under room temperature or higher temperature conditions. It is a water-soluble polysaccharide that dissolves.
- the small molecule gati gum is a low molecular weight gati gum.
- the small molecule gati gum used for the component (D) of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be obtained by reducing the molecular size of gati gum by heat decomposition treatment, acid decomposition treatment, enzymatic decomposition treatment and the like.
- Examples of the method for producing a small molecule gati gum as a component (D) of the present invention include the production methods described in WO2018 / 062554, JP-A-2019-182886, or JP-A-2019-183144.
- the total content of the component (D) of the present invention is, for example, 0.05% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, and 0.2% by mass with respect to the total amount of the liquid food from the viewpoint of suppressing liquid phase separation. It can be 0.3% by mass or more, 0.4% by mass or more or 0.5% by mass or more, and for example, 2.5% by mass or less and 2% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of liquid food. Alternatively, it can be 1.5% by mass or less. If the content of the small molecule gati gum is greater than 2.5% by mass or less than 0.05% by mass, the suppression of liquid phase separation of the liquid food may be insufficient.
- the total content of the component (D) of the present invention is, for example, 0.05% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the liquid food in order to impart excellent thickening property in the stomach. 0.2% by mass or more, 0.3% by mass or more, 0.4% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, 0.6% by mass or more, 0.7% by mass or more, 0.8% by mass or more , 0.9% by mass or more, or 1% by mass or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular ghatti used in component (D) of the present invention there is 0.7 ⁇ 10 6 or less, e.g., 0.6 ⁇ 10 6 or less , 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 or less, 0.4 ⁇ 10 6 or less, at 0.3 ⁇ 10 6 or less, or 0.2 ⁇ 10 6 or less, and, for example, 0.09 ⁇ 10 6 or more, or 0.1 ⁇ 106 or more. If the weight average molecular weight of the low molecular ghatti is greater than 0.7 ⁇ 10 6, or 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 If less than is sometimes suppressed in the liquid phase separation of the liquid food may be insufficient.
- the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the low molecular weight gati gum are determined by the following analytical method using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) described in WO2018 / 062554. Desired.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Detector RI Mobile phase: 100 mM K 2 SO 4 Flow rate: 1.0 mL / min Temperature: 40 ° C
- the viscosity of an 8% by mass aqueous solution (20 ° C.) of the small molecule gatigam aqueous solution used for the component (D) of the present invention is preferably 70 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 60 mPa ⁇ s or less, still more preferably 50 mPa ⁇ s or less. More preferably 40 mPa ⁇ s or less, particularly preferably 35 mPa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 30 mPa ⁇ s or less, for example, 1 mPa ⁇ s or more, 2 mPa ⁇ s or more, 3 mPa ⁇ s or more, 4 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the viscosity of the 15 wt% aqueous solution (20 ° C.) of the small molecule gatigam aqueous solution of the component (D) of the present invention is preferably less than 100 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably less than 80 mPa ⁇ s, still more preferably less than 70 mPa ⁇ s, still more. It is preferably less than 60 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably less than 50 mPa ⁇ s, and more particularly preferably less than 40 mPa ⁇ s, for example, 10 mPa ⁇ s or more, 15 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the viscosity of the small molecule gatigam aqueous solution is measured by putting 80 g of the gatigam aqueous solution in a 100 mL screw bottle (inner diameter: 3.7 cm) and using the following equipment and conditions.
- the liquid food of the present invention can contain a thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions as an optional component and further as a component (E).
- the thickener of the component (E) of the present invention is preferably a thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions regardless of the liquid property.
- the component (E) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably thickened in an acidic region in order to be thickened by being mixed with gastric fluid in the stomach.
- the acidic region is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a region having a pH of less than 5.5.
- the component (E) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, alginic acid, alginate, pectin (HM pectin, LM pectin), carrageenan (kappa type, iota type, lambda type, etc.), gellan gum (deacylated gellan gum). 1 or 2 or more selected from the group consisting of LM pectin and alginate), and more preferably 1 or 2 or more selected from the group consisting of LM pectin and alginate.
- Alginic acid or alginate is used as a thickener, gelling agent, etc. for food additives, and is a polysaccharide extracted from seaweed.
- the alginate include various salts such as sodium alginate, potassium alginate, and ammonium alginate, but the alginate is not particularly limited.
- the alginic acid or a salt thereof is commercially available.
- Alginate is commercially available, and examples thereof include "Sun Support (trademark) P-196" and “Sun Support (trademark) P-197" manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI Co., Ltd.
- Such alginic acid or a salt thereof is known to have acid resistance, heat resistance, pressure resistance, and stirring resistance, and any of these properties may be used.
- Pectin is a polysaccharide extracted from citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits, and plants such as apples and sugar beets, and is esterified with HM pectin (high methoxyl pectin) having an esterification degree of more than 50%. It is divided into LM pectin (low methoxyl pectin) having a degree of 50% or less.
- the pectin used in the present invention is preferably LM pectin, and more preferably one having an esterification degree of 40% or less.
- LM pectin is commercially available, and examples thereof include "Sun Support TM P-165" manufactured by Saneigen FFI Co., Ltd. Such pectin is known to have acid resistance, heat resistance, pressure resistance, and stirring resistance, and any of these properties may be used.
- the deacylated gellan gum contains glucose, glucuronic acid, and ramnorse as constituent sugars, and is bound to 1-3 of the main chain of gellan gum (native gellan gum) produced by fermentation with Sphingomonas elodea. It is obtained by removing the acyl group (acetyl group and glyceryl group) on glucose.
- the degree of deacyllation of the gellan gum used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the total content of the component (E) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the liquid food, from the viewpoint of significantly exerting the effect of the present invention. It is 0.1 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 2% by mass.
- the total content of the component (E) of the present invention is, for example, 0.05% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, 0.2% by mass or more, or 0.3% by mass or more with respect to the total amount of the liquid food. And, for example, 5% by mass or less, 4% by mass or less, 3% by mass or less, or 2% by mass or less.
- the total content of the component (D) with respect to 1 part by mass of the total content of the component (A) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 from the viewpoint of significantly exerting the effect of the present invention. It is ⁇ 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 5 parts by mass, still more preferably 0.025 to 3 parts by mass.
- the total content of the component (D) with respect to 1 part by mass of the total content of the component (A) is, for example, 0.005 part by mass or more, 0 from the viewpoint of significantly exerting the effect of the present invention. It can be 008 parts by mass or more, 0.01 parts by mass or more, 0.02 parts by mass or more or 0.025 parts by mass or more, and, for example, 10 parts by mass or less, 5 parts by mass or less, and 3 parts by mass or less. , 2 parts by mass or less, 1 part by mass or less, 0.8 parts by mass or less, 0.6 parts by mass or less, or 0.5 parts by mass or less.
- the liquid food of the present invention further includes nutritional components (carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, etc.), salts, taste components, extracts, sweeteners, sugar alcohols, high-sweetness sweeteners, etc.
- nutritional components carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, etc.
- salts taste components
- extracts sweeteners, sugar alcohols, high-sweetness sweeteners, etc.
- Bitterness agents acidulants, fragrances, coloring agents
- food additives pH adjusters (trisodium citrate, etc.), defoaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, thickeners, stabilizers, etc.
- polysaccharides 1 type or 2 or more types of celluloses such as microcrystalline cellulose
- the liquid food of the present invention preferably contains carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins and the like in addition to the components (A) to (E).
- sugar and dietary fiber generally used for food can be used.
- monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose
- ordinary various saccharides such as disaccharides such as maltose and sucrose
- sugar alcohols such as xylitol, sorbitol, glycerin and erythritol
- Dextrins oligosaccharides such as fructo-oligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, lactosucrose
- dietary fiber starch and the like.
- the sugar content of the liquid food in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.5 to 30% by mass, preferably 1 to 20% by mass, based on the total amount of the liquid food.
- the mineral examples include sodium, potassium, iron, copper, zinc and the like, in addition to the component (C).
- the mineral is not particularly limited, but a salt treated as a food (including food additives) can be contained in the liquid food of the present invention.
- the mineral content of the liquid diet of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the recommended amount, the standard amount, the target amount or the upper limit amount described in the "Japanese Dietary Intake Standards (2020 Edition)" established by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Usually, there are 6,000 to 20,000 mg / L as sodium, 2,000 to 3,500 mg / L as potassium, 10 to 40 mg / L as iron, 1.6 to 9 mg / L as copper, and 7 to 7 as zinc. It is 30 mg / L.
- vitamins examples include vitamin A, vitamin B 1 , B 2 , B 6 , B 12 , C, D, E, K, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, folic acid and the like.
- the vitamin content of the liquid diet of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the recommended amount, the standard amount, the target amount or the upper limit amount described in "Japanese Dietary Intake Standards (2020 Edition)", and is usually a vitamin.
- Vitamin B 12 is 2.4 to 100 mg / L
- vitamin C is 100 to 1,000 mg / L
- vitamin D is 0.0025 to 0.05 mg / L
- vitamin E is 8 to 600 mg / L
- vitamin K is 0. It is 055 to 30 mg / L, 13 to 30 mg / L as niacin, 0.03 to 0.1 mg / L as vitamin, 5 to 100 mg / L as pantothenic acid, and 0.2 to 1.0 mg / L as folic acid.
- the calorie value of the liquid food of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.1 to 7 kcal / mL, preferably 0.3 to 5 kcal / mL, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 kcal / mL.
- the liquid food of the present invention is a liquid food or drink that is liquid or intermediate between liquid and solid.
- liquid food of the present invention is a liquid food that is in a fluid and low viscosity state before ingestion and becomes thickened by being mixed with gastric fluid in the stomach.
- the liquid food of the present invention preferably contains the component (E) in addition to the components (A) to (D).
- “to thicken by being mixed with gastric juice in the stomach” is to thicken by adding 0.2 to 2 parts by mass of artificial gastric juice to 1 part by mass of the liquid food. You can check.
- the artificial gastric juice is an artificial gastric juice (2.0 g of sodium chloride, 7.0 mL of hydrochloric acid and 7.0 mL of hydrochloric acid) corresponding to the "dissolution test first solution" specified in the "general test method" of the 17th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia. It is dissolved in water to make 1,000 mL, and refers to a solution with pH 1.2).
- the viscosity of a liquid food or a mixture of liquid food and artificial gastric juice represents a value measured at a measurement temperature of 20 ° C. and a rotation speed of 6 rpm using a B-type rotational viscometer.
- B-type rotational viscometer for example, BL VISCOMETER manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the dedicated rotor NO. 1 to 4 shall be selected according to the sample viscosity and measured by the method described in the examples.
- liquid foods include swallowing foods; enteral nutritional supplements (pharmaceuticals administered by tube or orally); concentrated liquid foods and the like.
- the concentrated liquid food includes a natural concentrated liquid food made from natural food and an artificial concentrated liquid food composed of artificially processed or artificially synthesized natural food.
- Artificial concentrated liquid diets include, for example, semi-digestive nutrients (where the nitrogen source is protein), digestive nutrients (where the nitrogen source is amino acids and low molecular weight peptides), or elemental diets (where the nitrogen source is amino acids). (Those consisting only of).
- an artificial concentrated liquid food is preferable.
- Examples of the ingestion or administration form of the liquid food of the present invention include direct ingestion, oral ingestion via a straw or tube, nasal administration using a tube, transgastric fistula, oral tube administration and the like.
- the pH of the liquid food of the present invention is preferably 5.5 to 8.
- the viscosity of the liquid food of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 500 mPa ⁇ s, and more preferably 10 to 300 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the mixture obtained by adding 1/3 part by mass of artificial gastric juice to 1 part by mass of the liquid food of the present invention and allowing it to stand for 60 minutes is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1, It is 000 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 3,000 to 20,000 mPa ⁇ s, and even more preferably 4,000 to 20,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the liquid food of the present invention suppresses liquid phase separation over time during storage.
- the liquid food of the present invention can maintain a low viscosity when suppressing liquid phase separation during storage, and therefore, when ingested or administered by tube, it has good tube-passability and is promptly ingested. Or it can be administered.
- the liquid food of the present invention has a smooth texture even after storage and is easy to ingest when ingested orally.
- the liquid food of the present invention when the liquid food of the present invention is mixed with gastric fluid in the stomach and can be thickened, it has a feature of being excellent in thickening property.
- a part of the liquid food thickens excessively rapidly under an acidic region, so that a part of the liquid food does not increase in viscosity and the whole viscosity increases.
- the liquid diet of the present invention can maintain the thickening property.
- the liquid food of the present invention can be produced by mixing the components (A) to (E) and other components by a conventional method.
- the method for producing a liquid food of the present invention further includes a homogenization step, a container filling step, and a heat sterilization step.
- the homogenization step is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include homogenization using a high-pressure homogenizer.
- the heat sterilization step is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a retort sterilization process of heating at 105 to 131 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes after filling the container.
- the method of the present invention comprises a liquid diet containing (A) a protein and / or a degradation product thereof, (B) a lipid, and (C) a salt containing calcium or magnesium, and (D) a weight average molecular weight of 0.05. It contains a small molecule gati gum of ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6 and is used for suppressing liquid phase separation or imparting excellent thickening property (improvement of thickening property). It is a feature.
- the methods of the invention are augmented in the presence of (A) proteins and / or degradation products thereof, (B) lipids, (C) salts containing calcium or magnesium, and (E) divalent metal ions.
- a liquid diet containing a thickening agent to be thickened contains (D) 0.05 to 2.5% by mass of low molecular weight gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6. It is characterized in that it is used for suppressing liquid phase separation of the liquid food or imparting excellent thickening property.
- the components (A) to (E) of the liquid food, other components, preferred forms and the like are the same as those described in the above [liquid food].
- the liquid food of the method of the present invention corresponds to the above-mentioned [liquid food] which does not contain the component (D).
- the component (D) is preferably applied to the liquid food so as to be the amount of the component (D) of the liquid food described in the above section [Liquid food].
- the agent of the present invention contains (D) a small molecule gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6. Suppression of liquid phase separation of liquid food containing (A) protein or its decomposition product, (B) lipid, and (C) salt containing calcium or magnesium, or imparting excellent thickening property (thickening property) It is characterized by being used for improvement).
- the agent of the invention contains (D) a small molecule gati gum having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- Liquid food liquor containing (A) protein or degradation products thereof, (B) lipid, (C) salt containing calcium or magnesium, and (E) thickener that thickens in the presence of divalent metal ions. It is characterized by being used for suppressing phase separation or imparting excellent thickening property.
- the same low molecule gati gum of the component (D) in the above [liquid food] section can be used.
- the shape of the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a solid shape for example, powder, granule, tablet, etc.
- a liquid shape for example, dissolution liquid, dispersion liquid, etc.
- the content of the component (D) in the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 100% by mass, preferably 10 to 90% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 15 to the total amount of the agent. It is 85% by mass, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass.
- those in the solid form preferably further contain an excipient.
- excipients include starch decomposition products (dextrin, powdered candy, etc.), sugars (monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, etc.), disaccharides (eg, sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, etc.), oligosaccharides (serooligo).
- the agent of the present invention contains an excipient, the content thereof is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.01 to 90% by mass, preferably 3 to 80% by mass, based on the total amount of the agent. %, More preferably 4 to 75% by mass, still more preferably 5 to 70% by mass.
- the agent of the present invention may contain a metal salt, an emulsifier, or the like for the purpose of improving dispersibility.
- the type of the metal salt is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include potassium salt, sodium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt and the like, and specific examples thereof include chlorides, hydroxides, emulsions and citrates. Gluconate, phosphate, sulfate, malate and the like can be mentioned.
- calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium lactate, sodium citrate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate and the like can be mentioned.
- the preferred metal salt is one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate and sodium gluconate.
- the content of the metal salt in the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1 to 15% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 12% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 12% by mass, based on the total amount of the agent. Is 0.8 to 8% by mass, more preferably 0.8 to 6% by mass, still more preferably 1 to 5% by mass.
- the type of emulsifier is not particularly limited, but for example, sucrose fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester (for example, monoglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin condensed lysinol acid ester, organic acid monoglyceride, etc.), propylene glycol.
- sucrose fatty acid ester for example, monoglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin condensed lysinol acid ester, organic acid monoglyceride, etc.
- propylene glycol propylene glycol
- Examples include fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, lecithin, enzymatically decomposed lecithin, enzymatically treated lecithin, stearoyl sodium lactate, stearoyl lactate calcium, kiraya extract, saponin, polysorbate (eg, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80) and the like. Be done.
- the content of the emulsifier in the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the agent.
- the agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, but in addition to the component (D), excipients, metal salts, and emulsifiers, nutritional components and food additives (dietary fiber, pH adjuster, storage) that can be used in foods are further limited.
- excipients dietary fiber, pH adjuster, storage
- emulsifiers emulsifiers
- nutritional components dietary fiber, pH adjuster, storage
- One or more kinds of agents, antioxidants, thickeners, stabilizers, etc. can be blended.
- the liquid food in which the agent of the present invention is used corresponds to the liquid food described in the above [Liquid food] section which does not contain the component (D).
- the components (A) to (E), other components, preferable forms, etc. are the same as those described in the above [liquid food] section.
- the agent of the present invention is preferably added to the target liquid food so as to have the content of the component (D) with respect to the total amount of the liquid food described in the above [liquid food] section, for example.
- the present invention comprises (D) a protein and / or a degradation product thereof, (B) a lipid, and (C) a small molecule gatigam having a weight average molecular weight of 0.05 ⁇ 10 6 to 0.7 ⁇ 10 6.
- the liquid food may further contain a thickener that thickens in the presence of (E) divalent metal ions.
- Gati gum is GAIFOLIA SD (*) (weight average molecular weight 1.36 million), and small molecule gati gum is low molecule gati gum (weight average molecular weight 20,000, prepared based on the production method described in WO2018 / 062554). 90,000, 150,000, 200,000, 400,000, 600,000, 750,000) were used.
- the viscosities of the 15% by mass aqueous solution of the above-mentioned gati gum and small molecule gati gum were measured. 80 g of a 15% by mass aqueous solution was placed in a 100 mL screw bottle (inner diameter: 3.7 cm), and measurement was carried out under the following equipment and conditions. ⁇ Device and conditions> B-type rotational viscometer (Brookfield-type viscometer), rotor NO. 2 Rotation speed 60 rpm, measurement temperature: 20 ° C, measurement time: 1 minute
- the viscosity of the used gati gum was 328 mPa ⁇ s at a concentration of 15% by mass, and the viscosity of the low molecular weight gati gum (weight average molecular weight 150,000) was 17 mPa ⁇ s at a concentration of 15% by mass.
- Example 1-5 Comparative Example 1-5 was prepared. The viscosities of these samples and Example 1 were measured before mixing the artificial gastric juice and 60 minutes after mixing the artificial gastric juice. The results are shown in the same Table 3.
- the viscosity after 60 minutes of mixing the gastric juice decreased as the addition amount increased.
- the gel obtained by adding gastric fluid to the comparative example was loose and non-uniform, separation of the gel-like part and the liquid part was observed, and a decrease in thickening property was observed.
- gastric fluid was added to the sample of the example using the small molecule gati gum, the whole gel was uniformly gelled, and sufficient thickening property was observed. From the above, when the small molecule gati gum is used, even if the addition amount is increased as compared with the case where the gati gum is used, the thickening property is not impaired. Therefore, the addition concentration is increased by suppressing the liquid phase separation. It was clarified that sufficient thickening property in the stomach can be expected even if the necessity arises.
- the viscosity of the sample of the example after 60 minutes of mixing with the artificial gastric juice exceeded 4,000 mPa ⁇ s, and the thickening property was good.
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Abstract
Description
そこで、本発明は、タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、脂質、並びにカルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の保存時の液相分離を抑制する手段の提供に関する。
そこで、本発明は、上記の流動食が増粘化する場合において、増粘化性を損なわずに液相分離を抑制する、新たな手段の提供に関する。
本発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、に加えて、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させることによって、液相分離が抑制された流動食が製造できることを見出した。
[1]
(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、並びに(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有する、流動食。
[2]
さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含有する、[1]に記載の流動食。
[3]
経口又は経管で摂取され、胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、[1]又は[2]に記載の流動食。
[4]
pHが5.5~8である、[1]~[3]のいずれか1に記載の流動食。
[5]
前記(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムの含有量が、0.05~2.5質量%である、[1]~[4]のいずれか1に記載の流動食。
[6]
(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、並びに(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、を含有する流動食に、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させることを含む、前記流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与のための方法。
[7]
前記流動食が、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含む、[6]に記載の方法。
[8]
前記流動食が、経口又は経管で摂取され、胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、[6]又は[7]に記載の方法。
[9]
前記(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させる量が、流動食の全量に対して0.05~2.5質量%である、[6]~[8]のいずれか1に記載の方法。
[10]
(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有する、
(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、並びに(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性を付与するための剤。
[11]
前記流動食が、経口又は経管で摂取され、その後胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、[10]に記載の剤。
[12]
前記流動食が、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含む、[10]又は[11]に記載の剤。
[13]
(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムの、(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、並びに(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与のための使用。
[14]
前記流動食が、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含む、[13]に記載の使用。
本発明の流動食は、(A)成分としてタンパク質及び/又はその分解物を含有する。
本明細書において、タンパク質及び/又はタンパク質分解物とは、アミノ酸、ペプチド(モノ、ジ、トリペプチド、テトラペプチド、オリゴペプチド等の残基数が50未満のポリペプチド)、及びタンパク質(残基数が50以上のポリペプチド)からなる群より選ばれるいずれか1種単独の成分、又は2種以上の組み合わせを含む。
本発明の流動食は、(B)成分として脂質を含有する。脂質としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、菜種油(キャノーラ油)、大豆油、コーン油、米油、ヤシ油、パーム油、サフラワー油、ヒマワリ油、シソ油、ゴマ油、アマニ油、オリーブ油、綿実油、落花生油、カカオ脂等の植物油;魚油(イワシ油、タラ肝油等)、牛脂、豚脂等の動物油;長鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド(LCT)、中鎖脂肪酸(炭素数6~12程度)トリグリセリド(MCT)、ドコサヘキサエン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸等が挙げられる。中でも、脂質の吸収性を高める観点から、炭素数が8~10であるMCTを少なくとも含有することが好ましい。
本発明の流動食には、これらの脂質が、1種単独で含まれても、あるいは2種以上含まれてもよい。
本発明の流動食は、(C)成分としてカルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する。本発明の(C)成分としては、カルシウム又はマグネシウムのいずれか一方又は両方を含む塩を、1種単独又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明の流動食には、(D)成分として重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有する。このような分子量の低分子ガティガムを(A)~(C)成分を含有する流動食に適用することにより、低分子化していないガティガムを使用した場合に比べて、流動食の保存中の液相分離をより抑制することができる。また、当該流動食が増粘化する場合には、低分子化していないガティガムを使用した場合に比べて、優れた増粘化性を付与することができる。
<分子量、及び分子量分布の測定方法>
検出器:RI
移動相:100mM K2SO4
流量:1.0mL/min
温度:40℃
カラム:TSKgel GMPWXL 30cm(ガードPWXL)
インジェクション:100μl
プルランスタンダード:Shodex STANDARD P-82
本発明の(D)成分の低分子ガティガム水溶液の15重量%水溶液(20℃)の粘度は、好ましくは100mPa・s未満、より好ましくは80mPa・s未満、更に好ましくは70mPa・s未満、より更に好ましくは60mPa・s未満、特に好ましくは50mPa・s未満、及びより特に好ましくは40mPa・s未満であり、例えば10mPa・s以上、15mPa・s以上であることができる。
ここで、当該低分子ガティガム水溶液の粘度は、100mLスクリュー瓶(内径:3.7cm)に、ガティガム水溶液を80g入れ、以下の装置、及び条件で、測定される。
<装置、及び条件>
B型回転粘度計(ブルックフィールド型粘度計)、ローターNO.2
回転数 60rpm、測定温度:20℃、測定時間:1分
本発明の流動食は、任意成分として、さらに(E)成分として二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含有することができる。
本発明の流動食において、(A)成分の総含有量1質量部に対する(D)成分の総含有量は、特に限定されないが、本発明の効果を顕著に奏する観点から、好ましくは0.01~10質量部、より好ましくは0.02~5質量部、更に好ましくは0.025~3質量部である。
本発明の流動食は、(A)~(E)成分以外に、さらに栄養成分(炭水化物、ミネラル、ビタミン等)、塩類、呈味成分、エキス、甘味料、糖アルコール、高甘味度甘味料、苦味料、酸味料、香料、着色料、食品添加物(pH調整剤(クエン酸三ナトリウム等)、消泡剤、保存料、酸化防止剤、増粘剤、安定化剤等)、多糖類(微結晶セルロース等のセルロース類)等を1種又は2種以上含有することができる。
本発明の流動食のミネラル含有量は、厚生労働省が策定する「日本人の食事摂取基準(2020年版)」に記載の推奨量、目安量、目標量又は上限量に従い適宜設定することが可能であり、通常、ナトリウムとして6,000~20,000mg/L、カリウムとして2,000~3,500mg/L、鉄として10~40mg/L、銅として1.6~9mg/L、亜鉛として7~30mg/Lである。
本発明の流動食のビタミン含有量は、「日本人の食事摂取基準(2020年版)」に記載の推奨量、目安量、目標量又は上限量に従い適宜設定することが可能であり、通常、ビタミンAとして540~2,000mg/L、ビタミンB1として0.8~10.0mg/L、ビタミンB2として1.0~100mg/L、ビタミンB6として1.0~1,000mg/L、ビタミンB12として2.4~100mg/L、ビタミンCとして100~1,000mg/L、ビタミンDとして0.0025~0.05mg/L、ビタミンEとして8~600mg/L、ビタミンKとして0.055~30mg/L、ナイアシンとして13~30mg/L、ビオチンとして0.03~0.1mg/L、パントテン酸として5~100mg/L、葉酸として0.2~1.0mg/Lである。
本発明の流動食は、液状又は液状と固体状の中間の、流動性のある飲食品である。
本明細書において、流動食又は流動食と人工胃液との混合物の粘度は、B型回転粘度計を用いて、測定温度20℃にて回転数6rpmで測定される値を表す。B型回転粘度計としては、例えば東機産業株式会社製のBL VISCOMETER等を用いることができる。当該機器を用いる場合は、専用のローターNO.1~4を試料粘度に合わせて選択し、実施例に記載した方法で測定するものとする。
本発明の流動食のpHは、好ましくは5.5~8である。
本発明の流動食1質量部に対して、1/3質量部の人工胃液を添加し、転倒混和して得られる混合物の60分静置後の粘度は、特に限定されないが、好ましくは1,000~30,000mPa・s、より好ましくは3,000~20,000mPa・s、更に好ましくは4,000~20,000mPa・sである。
本発明の流動食は、保存時の経時的な液相分離が抑制される。また、本発明の流動食は、保存時の液相分離を抑制する際に低粘度を維持できるため、経管で摂取又は投与される場合には、チューブ通過性が良好であり、速やかに摂取又は投与することができる。
本発明の流動食は、常法によって(A)~(E)成分及びその他成分を混合することによって製造することができる。
本発明の方法は、(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、及び(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、を含有する流動食に、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させることを含み、液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与(増粘化性の向上)のために用いられることを特徴とする。
本発明の方法の流動食は、上記[流動食]のうちの(D)成分を含有していないものに相当する。
本発明の方法において、(D)成分は、当該流動食に対して、上記[流動食]の項に記載した流動食の(D)成分の量となるように適用されることが好ましい。
本発明の剤は、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有し、
(A)タンパク質又はその分解物、(B)脂質、及び(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与(増粘化性の向上)のために用いられることを特徴とする。
(A)タンパク質又はその分解物、(B)脂質、(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、及び(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与のために用いられることを特徴とする。
本発明の剤が賦形剤を含有する場合、その含有量は、特に限定されないが、当該剤の全量に対して、例えば、0.01~90質量%が挙げられ、好ましくは3~80質量%、より好ましくは4~75質量%、更に好ましくは5~70質量%である。
本発明の剤における金属塩の含有量は、特に限定されないが、当該剤の全量に対して、例えば、0.1~15質量%が挙げられ、好ましくは0.5~12質量%、より好ましくは0.8~8質量%、更に好ましくは0.8~6質量%、更により好ましくは1~5質量%である。
本発明の剤における乳化剤の含有量は、特に限定されないが、当該剤の全量に対して、例えば、0.1~10質量%が挙げられる。
本発明は、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムの、(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、及び(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与のための使用を含む。また、一実施態様では、前記流動食は、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含むことができる。これらの(A)~(E)成分及び具体的な態様は、上記[流動食]の項に記載したものと同じである。
以下の試験例では、ガティガムはGATIFOLIA SD(*)(重量平均分子量136万)、低分子ガティガムはWO2018/062554に記載の製造方法に基づいて調製した低分子ガティガム(重量平均分子量2.0万、9.0万、15万、20万、40万、60万、75万)を用いた。
<装置、及び条件>
B型回転粘度計(ブルックフィールド型粘度計)、ローターNO.2
回転数 60rpm、測定温度:20℃、測定時間:1分
(胃内増粘化流動食試料の調製)
表1の処方で、増粘剤としてアルギン酸ナトリウムを含有する胃内増粘化流動食の試料を調製した。調製方法を以下に示す。なお、各試料の表1のNo.3に相当する原料の種類及び流動食全量に対する含有量は、評価結果を示す表に記載した。
<調製方法>
(1)イオン交換水、No.1の消泡剤及びNo.2の菜種油を混合して攪拌しながら、No.3~10の混合物を加え、80℃まで加熱して10分間加熱溶解した。
(2)得られた溶液をイオン交換水で全量補正して、高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて圧力50MPaで均質化処理を行った。
(3)容器に充填し、流水で30分冷却してから、121℃で10分間レトルト殺菌処理を行った。得られた流動食は室温まで冷却してから、種々の評価を行った。
上記の処方による胃内増粘化流動食試料の液相分離、チューブ通過性及び胃液との混合前後の粘度について、以下の方法により評価した。
(1)液相分離
各試料の製造直後は均一に白濁しているが、徐々に栄養成分が分離して、液面直下又は底面に透明から半透明の層が現れる。これが液相分離である。そこで、液相分離の評価として、容器に充填された各試料を保存した後の外観の観察と水層の厚さの測定を行った。
目視で水層の存在が確認できなかった場合は、液相分離が抑制されたものとして良好(〇)、目視で水相の存在が確認された場合は、液相分離が起こっており不良(×)と判定した。
(2)チューブ通過性
各試料を25℃においてサイズ8Fr(外径2.7mm)、長さ120cm(ジェイ・エム・エス社製、型番:JF-C08120Q)を用い、チューブ(120cm)を垂直に垂らして、上端に漏斗を接続した。20℃に調温した試料を、漏斗から自然滴下によりチューブを通過させ、試料がチューブの下端から排出されてから、30分後までに流れた試料量を「30分当たりチューブ流量」とした。そして、チューブ通過性を、30分当たりチューブ流量が200mL以上の場合は非常に良好(◎)、150mL以上200mL未満の場合は良好(〇)、150mL未満の場合は不良(×)と判定した。
(3)胃液混合時の粘度変化
胃液として、第十七改正日本薬局方の「一般試験法」に定められる「溶出試験第1液」に相当する人工胃液(塩化ナトリウム2.0gを塩酸7.0mL及び水に溶かして1,000mLとしたものであり、pH1.2の溶液)を用いた。各試料1質量部に対し、1/3質量部の人工胃液を添加し、十分に転倒混和した後の試料を、20℃で60分静置した後、胃液混合60分後の試料とした。胃液混合前と胃液混合60分後の試料の粘度は、20℃において、東機産業株式会社製BL VISCOMETERを用い、回転数6rpmにおいて、1,000mPa・s以下のときNO.1ローターを、1,000mPa・sを超え5,000mPa・s以下のときNO.2ローターを、5,000mPa・sを超え20,000mPa・s以下のときNO.3ローターを、20,000mPa・sを超えるときNO.4ローターを使用することによって測定した。
表1のNo.3の成分として、0.5質量%低分子ガティガム(分子量15万)(実施例1-1)、0.5質量%ガティガム(比較例1-1)、0.5質量%ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(HLB;5)(比較例1-2)、又は1.1%ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(HLB;16)(比較例1-3)を含有する胃内増粘化流動食について、25℃で10日間保存した後の液相分離、及び25℃におけるチューブ通過性を評価した結果を、表2及び図1に示した。実施例1-1は、10日間保存後において、液相分離は観察されず、良好な安定性を示した。
一方、ガティガム又はショ糖脂肪酸エステルを用いた比較例1~3は、10日間保存によって液相の分離が観察された。
各試料について、チューブ通過性を評価した結果を同じ表2に示した。低分子ガティガムを用いた場合は、ガティガムに比べてチューブ通過性に優れることが明らかとなった。
上記実施例1-1の他に、表3に示すように、表1のNo.3の成分として低分子ガティガム(重量平均分子量15万)又はガティガムを1.0質量%、1.5質量%に増量した、実施例1-2、実施例1-3、及び比較例1-4、比較例1-5を調製した。これらの試料と、実施例1について、人工胃液混合前及び人工胃液混合60分後の粘度を測定した。その結果を同じ表3に示した。
以上から、低分子ガティガムを用いた場合は、ガティガムを用いた場合に比べて添加量を増やしても、増粘化性を損なうことがないため、液相分離の抑制等で、添加濃度を上げる必要性が生じても胃内での十分な増粘化性を期待できることが明らかとなった。
(胃内増粘化流動食の調製)
表4の処方で、増粘剤としてアルギン酸ナトリウムを含有する胃内増粘化流動食の試料を試験例1と同じ方法により調製した。なお、各試料の表4のNo.3に相当する原料の種類及び流動食全量に対する含有量は、評価結果を示す表に記載した。
表4のNo.3の成分として、異なる濃度の低分子ガティガム(分子量15万)を使用して調製した胃内増粘化流動食試料について、試験例1と同様の方法で25℃にて3日間保存した後の液相分離抑制効果を比較した。図2に示すように、0.02質量%よりも大きく、3.0質量%よりも小さい添加量の低分子ガティガムを含有する実施例2-1~実施例2-6は、いずれも液相分離が抑制された。
表4のNo.3の成分として、種々の重量平均分子量の低分子ガティガムを1.0質量%添加して調製した胃内増粘化流動食試料について、試験例1と同様の方法で人工胃液混合60分後の粘度を比較した。その結果を表5に示した。低分子ガティガムの重量平均分子量が0.02×106よりも大きく、0.6×106よりも小さい場合、粘度が4,000mPa・sを超えており、胃内増粘化流動食の増粘化性が良好であった。
(胃内増粘化流動食の調製)
表6の処方で、増粘剤としてペクチンを含有する胃内増粘化流動食の試料を試験例1と同じ方法により調製した。なお、各試料の表6のNo.3に相当する原料の種類及び流動食全量に対する含有量は、評価結果を示す表に記載した。
表6のNo.3の成分として、0.5質量%の低分子ガティガム(重量平均分子量15万)又はガティガムを含有する胃内増粘化流動食試料を調製し、試験例1と同様の方法で25℃にて3日間保存した後の液相分離抑制効果を比較した。結果を図3に示した。試験例1と同様に、低分子ガティガムを使用した実施例の試料は、3日保存後も液相分離が見られなかった。一方、ガティガムを使用した比較例の試料は、1日保存後は液相分離が見られなかったが、3日保存後は液相分離が観察された。
表6のNo.3の成分として、異なる重量平均分子量の低分子ガティガムを1.0質量%添加して調製した胃内増粘化流動食試料について、試験例1と同様の方法で人工胃液混合60分後の粘度を比較した。その結果を表7に示した。低分子ガティガムを使用した実施例では、ガティガムを使用した比較例に比べて、胃液混合60分後の粘度がより高くなっており、胃内増粘化流動食の増粘化性がより良好であることが明らかとなった。比較例の試料は、胃液混合後のゲルが緩く、増粘化性が損なわれていた。そして、ガティガムの添加量を上げていくと胃液混合60分後のゲルの粘度はより低下した。
(一般流動食の調製)
表8の処方で、経口摂取可能な一般流動食の試料を調製した。調製方法を以下に示す。なお、各試料の表8のNo.3に相当する原料の種類及び流動食全量に対する含有量は、評価結果を示す表に記載した。
<調製方法>
(1)イオン交換水及びNo.1、2の混合液にNo.3~14の混合物を添加し、室温で10分間攪拌した。
(2)80℃まで加熱し10分間攪拌後、No.15を添加した。
(3)得られた溶液をイオン交換水で全量補正して、高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて圧力50MPaで均一化処理を行った。
(4)容器に充填し、流水で30分間冷却してから、121℃で10分間レトルト殺菌処理を行った。得られた流動食は室温まで冷却してから、種々の評価を行った。
表8のNo.3の成分として、種々の成分を含有する経口摂取用流動食について、試験例1と同様の方法により25℃又は7℃で保存した場合の液相分離を評価した。結果を図4A及び図4Bに示した。No.3の成分として低分子ガティガムを含有する実施例4-1は、25℃又は7℃で3日保存しても液相分離は観察されず、良好な安定性を示した。一方、No.3の成分としてガティガム、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、又はコハク酸モノグリセリドを用いた比較例は、3日保存後に液相の分離が観察された。
表8のNo.3の成分として、異なる濃度の低分子ガティガム(分子量15万)を使用して調製した一般流動食試料について、試験例1と同様の方法で25℃、3日間保存した後の液相分離抑制効果を比較した。結果を図5に示した。0.02質量%よりも大きく、5.0質量%よりも小さい添加量の低分子ガティガムを含有する実施例の一般流動食は、いずれも液相分離が抑制された。
表8のNo.3の成分として、種々の重量平均分子量の低分子ガティガムを0.5質量%添加して調製した一般流動食試料について、試験例1と同様の方法により25℃で保存した場合の液相分離を評価した。その結果を図6に示した。流動食において、低分子ガティガムの重量平均分子量が0.02×106よりも大きく、0.75×106よりも小さい場合に液相分離が抑制されることが明らかとなった。
(一般流動食の調製)
表9の処方で、経口摂取可能な一般流動食の試料を調製した。調製方法を以下に示す。なお、各試料の表9のNo.3に相当する原料の種類及び流動食全量に対する含有量は、評価結果を示す表に記載した。
<調製方法>
(1)イオン交換水及びNo.1、2の混合液にNo.3~13の混合物を添加し、室温で10分間攪拌した。
(2)80℃まで加熱し10分間攪拌後、No.14を添加した。
(3)得られた溶液をイオン交換水で全量補正して、高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて圧力50MPaで均一化処理を行った。
(4)容器に充填し、流水で30分間冷却してから、121℃で10分間レトルト殺菌処理を行った。得られた流動食は室温まで冷却してから、種々の評価を行った。
表9のNo.3の成分として、種々の成分を含有する一般流動食について、上記の方法によりチューブ通過性を評価した。結果を表10に示した。一般流動食についても、低分子ガティガムを使用した実施例は、低分子ガティガムを使用しない比較例に比べて、チューブ通過性がより良好であった。
表9のNo.3の成分として種々の成分を添加した一般流動食を調製し、官能評価パネルによる官能評価を行った。官能評価パネルは、食品の官能評価について熟練している、食品の研究開発に従事する6名(男性4名、女性2名;平均年齢28.3歳)で構成した。各パネリストが流動食を15g喫食して、なめらかさをVAS(visual analog scale)法により評価した。即ち、パネリストは、100mmの直線上の左端を0(なめらかさを全く感じない)、右端を100(非常になめらかである)として、各自が知覚したなめらかさの度合いに対応する直線上の位置に印をつけてスコア化した。そして、平均点が50点以上の場合をなめらかさ良好、50点未満をなめらかさ不良と判断した。
Claims (12)
- (A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、並びに(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有する、流動食。
- さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含有する、請求項1に記載の流動食。
- 経口又は経管で摂取され、胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、請求項1又は2に記載の流動食。
- pHが5.5~8である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の流動食。
- 前記(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムの含有量が、0.05~2.5質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の流動食。
- (A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、並びに(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩、を含有する流動食に、(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させることを含む、前記流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性の付与のための方法。
- 前記流動食が、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記流動食が、経口又は経管で摂取され、胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 前記(D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有させる量が、流動食の全量に対して0.05~2.5質量%である、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- (D)重量平均分子量が0.05×106~0.7×106の低分子ガティガムを含有する、
(A)タンパク質及び/又はその分解物、(B)脂質、並びに(C)カルシウム又はマグネシウムを含む塩を含有する流動食の液相分離の抑制又は優れた増粘化性を付与するための剤。 - 前記流動食が、経口又は経管で摂取され、その後胃内で胃液と混合されることによって増粘化する、請求項10に記載の剤。
- 前記流動食が、さらに(E)二価金属イオンの存在下で増粘化する増粘剤を含む、請求項10又は11に記載の剤。
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| WO2013146181A1 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 株式会社大塚製薬工場 | 乳化食品組成物 |
| WO2018062554A1 (ja) | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | 低分子ガティガム |
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| EP3132693B1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2024-09-18 | San-Ei Gen F.F.I., INC. | Concentrated liquid food |
| JP6852741B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-03-31 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | コークス炉の乾燥孔の補修方法 |
| JP7195209B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-17 | 2022-12-23 | 株式会社トクヤマ | フォトクロミック化合物、該フォトクロミック化合物を含む硬化性組成物、及び該硬化性組成物からなるフォトクロミック硬化体 |
-
2021
- 2021-06-24 WO PCT/JP2021/023909 patent/WO2021261545A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-06-24 CN CN202180036963.5A patent/CN115697083B/zh active Active
- 2021-06-24 JP JP2022532530A patent/JP7781750B2/ja active Active
- 2021-06-24 EP EP21827943.8A patent/EP4173493A4/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013146181A1 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 株式会社大塚製薬工場 | 乳化食品組成物 |
| WO2018062554A1 (ja) | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | 低分子ガティガム |
| JP2019182886A (ja) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-24 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | 低分子ガティガムの製造方法 |
| JP2019183144A (ja) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-24 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | 低分子ガティガムの製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| See also references of EP4173493A4 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7576144B1 (ja) | 2023-11-17 | 2024-10-30 | 森永製菓株式会社 | ゼリー食品 |
| WO2025105418A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-17 | 2025-05-22 | 森永製菓株式会社 | ゼリー食品 |
| JP2025082747A (ja) * | 2023-11-17 | 2025-05-29 | 森永製菓株式会社 | ゼリー食品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115697083B (zh) | 2025-06-10 |
| CN115697083A (zh) | 2023-02-03 |
| EP4173493A1 (en) | 2023-05-03 |
| JPWO2021261545A1 (ja) | 2021-12-30 |
| EP4173493A4 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
| JP7781750B2 (ja) | 2025-12-08 |
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