WO2021198140A1 - Système de charge par résonance magnétique - Google Patents
Système de charge par résonance magnétique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021198140A1 WO2021198140A1 PCT/EP2021/058087 EP2021058087W WO2021198140A1 WO 2021198140 A1 WO2021198140 A1 WO 2021198140A1 EP 2021058087 W EP2021058087 W EP 2021058087W WO 2021198140 A1 WO2021198140 A1 WO 2021198140A1
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- inverter
- charging system
- voltage
- resonant circuit
- power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/081—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters wherein the phase of the control voltage is adjustable with reference to the AC source
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- H02M3/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
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- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H02M3/1586—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
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- H02M3/285—Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/338—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5383—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of electricity storage. It relates to a system for charging an accumulator, a rechargeable battery or a magnetic resonance battery.
- the primary resonant circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor, which can be connected in series or in parallel. We speak of a series or parallel LC circuit.
- the series LC circuit is often used for magnetic resonance charging, for example of electric vehicles such as bicycles, scooters, or cars.
- a charging system with a resonant serial LC circuit has the advantage of being simple to manufacture and therefore inexpensive. This is because the electric charge across the series LC circuit has no influence on its resonant frequency. It is therefore sufficient to supply the series LC circuit with a sinusoidal voltage source at the same frequency for it to operate.
- the serial LC circuit has many drawbacks. It reveals high voltages at the coil and capacitor, which poses design problems.
- the series LC system operates at constant RMS current, in the order of 60 to 80A, in the resonant circuit, which still generates losses.
- the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit may start to vary, resulting in a frequency shift with respect to the voltage source, and therefore a loss of efficiency. This is particularly problematic for a system used outdoors, which has to function equally well in winter and summer.
- the series LC circuit requires a charge regulator on the secondary resonant circuit intended to pick up the constant magnetic current, which increases the complexity and the costs.
- the parallel LC circuit is not usually used for magnetic resonance charging due to many obstacles.
- the parallel resonant circuit must be supplied from a power source, which is complex and expensive.
- the electric charge across the parallel LC circuit influences its resonant frequency, which makes the design and manufacture of a charging system including such an LC circuit more complex and expensive.
- a parallel LC resonant circuit can only power one secondary resonant circuit at a time.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive magnetic resonance charging system with improved performance.
- the object of the present invention is to respond at least in part to the aforementioned objects by proposing a charging system with a self-oscillating parallel LC primary resonant circuit.
- a magnetic resonance charging system comprising a voltage source (1) and an inverter (2), said inverter (2) comprising a parallel LC inverter resonant circuit (3) and at least one plate load (4), characterized in that said inverter resonant circuit (3) comprises a capacitor (32) connected in parallel with a primary winding (33) of said at least one load plate (4) and in that said inverter further comprises:
- the resonant circuit can resonate at its natural frequency naturally, it is a self-oscillating circuit. The efficiency of the charging system is thus improved.
- the present invention also relates to a method of using a charging system according to the invention comprising the following steps:
- a single power supply can supply several inverters, the starting of a second inverter being able to be carried out during the charging of a first inverter during a change to low power, which makes it possible to start the inverter at full power. power by avoiding the risk of breaking the components of the second inverter.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the charging system according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the coil of the resonant circuit of the inverter of the charging system according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a power supply of a charging system according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a charge regulator of a charging system according to the invention.
- the charging system comprises a voltage source 1 and an inverter 2 comprising a parallel LC inverter 3 resonant circuit comprising at least one load plate 4.
- the load plate 4 comprises a primary winding 33 capable of producing a magnetic field with a view to transferring energy, for example to a battery located on a mobile.
- the primary winding 33 is connected in parallel with a capacitor 32 to form said inverter resonant circuit 3.
- charging plates 4 can be used, each comprising a primary winding 33 connected in parallel with the capacitor 32.
- the voltage source 1 delivers a positive voltage, which can oscillate between 0 V and a maximum voltage value, for example between 24 and 600 V.
- the maximum voltage value depends on the power demand at the output of the charging system.
- the inverter 2 comprises a means 5 for measuring the instantaneous voltage across the terminals of the capacitor 32.
- This measuring means is preferably a transformer.
- the signal measured by the measuring means 5 is sent to a phase shifter 6, which introduces a phase shift therein before sending it back to an excitation means 7.
- the phase shift is a time of delay or advance with respect to the zero crossing. of the voltage measured at the terminals of the resonant inverter circuit 3.
- the excitation means 7 is able to inject energy from the voltage source 1 into the resonant inverter circuit 3 during each cycle observed by the measuring means 5, with a phase shift indicated by phase shifter 6.
- the excitation means 7 is therefore able to inject energy into the resonant inverter circuit 3 at the frequency of the signal measured by the measuring means 5.
- the resonant inverter circuit 3 is thus automatically excited at its frequency. own. There is no frequency forcing, which improves the efficiency of the charging system.
- the phase shift makes it possible to limit or even absorb current peaks in the inverter and thus prevent the destruction of its components, in particular any transistors. These current peaks appear when energy is suddenly injected into the circuit and cause voltage peaks which, if not attenuated, may cause the breakage of certain components, in particular any transistors.
- the phase shift makes it possible to absorb the inductance introduced by the length of cable between the inverter and the resonant circuit of the load plate, which makes it possible to supply a resonant circuit in a load plate placed at a large distance from the inverter.
- the excitation means 7 comprises a reservoir inductor 8, a charging diode 9, a charging transistor 10, a discharging diode 11, a discharging transistor 12 and a charging means.
- the reservoir inductance 8 is connected between the voltage source and a first terminal 14 of the inverter resonant circuit 3.
- the reservoir inductance 8 has a relatively low value, for example between 500 ⁇ H and 3 mH.
- the value of the tank inductance 8 varies depending on the power at which you want to operate the charging device. Too low an inductance value causes the inverter to stall, and increases the risk of breakage, while too high an inductance value causes too great a drop in voltage across the latter.
- the anode of the load diode 9 is connected to the second terminal 15 of the resonant inverter circuit 3, and its cathode is connected to the drain of a load transistor 10.
- the source of the load transistor 10 is connected to a output terminal 16, while its gate is connected to the control means 13.
- the anode of the discharge diode 11 is connected to the first terminal 14 of the resonant inverter circuit 3, and its cathode is connected to the drain of the discharge transistor 12.
- the source of the discharge transistor 12 is connected to the terminal of output 16, while its gate is connected to the control means 13.
- the control means 13 based on this measured phase-shifted signal coming from the phase shifter 6, successively controls the off-state setting of the load transistor 10 and the on-state setting of the discharge transistor 12, then the on-state setting. of the load transistor 10 and the off state of the discharge transistor 12.
- the energy When the load transistor 10 is in the off state and the discharge transistor 12 is in the on state, the energy accumulates in the reservoir inductor 8. Then when the load transistor 10 is in the on state and the discharge transistor 12 is in a blocked state, the accumulated energy is released in the resonant inverter circuit 3.
- the reservoir inductor 8 makes it possible to transform the voltage source 1 into a current source.
- the charge 10 and discharge 12 transistors are preferably MOSFET (insulated gate field effect transistor) or IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) type transistors.
- the excitation means 7 can be produced in different ways than that explained above and illustrated in .
- the excitation means 7 can comprise four transistors and four diodes, which makes it possible to inject energy into the resonant inverter circuit 3 not only at the load, but also at the discharge.
- the inverter resonant circuit 3 consists of an inductor wound in parallel with a capacitor, to form a "trap" circuit.
- the primary winding 33 is produced by a structure comprising two wires 17, for example Litz wires, connected in parallel.
- two wires 17a, 17b are shown.
- the wires 17 are spaced apart from each other over at least 50% of their length, which makes it possible to obtain the same magnetic flux density as a flat cable with a larger section, in particular the section of which would include the spaced wires 17.
- the spacing is preferably at least 1 mm. This makes it possible to reduce the overall value of the inductance of plate 4 (placing two inductors in parallel) and thus reduce the current flowing in the primary winding 33. The same efficiency is thus obtained with significantly less cable mass. , which reduces costs.
- the wires 17 are crossed after each winding turn, or after a certain number of winding turns, so that they have the same overall length, and thus the same inductance and resistance value.
- the circuit thus formed is therefore balanced.
- the two wires 17 are always parallel, even when crossing, in the sense that they are constantly spaced from one another, preferably by a constant distance.
- the voltage source 1 can be generated by a power supply 18, shown in , capable of generating the voltage source 1 from an alternating current source 19.
- the power supply 18 can thus be connected directly to the alternating current network, for example 220V / 50Hz, and deliver the voltage source 1 required for the correct operation of the inverter 2.
- the power supply is in particular able to generate the power supply. power envelope required in relation to the power requested at the output of the charging system.
- the power supply 18 can include a CEM filter 20 at its input, making it possible to filter the disturbances induced downstream and thus not to disturb the electrical network.
- the power supply 18 may also include, at the input, or where appropriate at the output of the CEM filter 20, a transformer 21.
- the transformer 21 makes it possible to modify the values of intensity and current. It enables galvanic isolation of stage 22 on output 1.
- the ground reference of inverter 2 is earth.
- the power supply may include a chopping module 22, located before the input of the transformer.
- the chopping module 22 makes it possible to raise the frequency of the current, for example from a frequency of 50 Hz at the input to a frequency between 20 KHz and 200 KHz at the output. This is necessary in order to power the transformer 21, in case it is a high frequency transformer. However, the use of a high frequency transformer is preferred because the size of such a transformer is reduced.
- the chopping module 22 can be composed of a diode rectifier 23, at the output of which is connected a chopper 24.
- the chopper 24 makes it possible to adjust the power of the current according to the needs of the charging system.
- a filter capacitor 25 is disposed between the diode rectifier 23 and the chopper 24.
- the capacitance of the filter capacitor can be between 0.1 and 10 ⁇ F, and can typically be a few. ⁇ F.
- Such relatively weak filtering makes it possible, during a power transfer, to obtain a "ripple" effect on this power, that is to say that an oscillation at twice the network frequency occurs. Due to this oscillation, the power transferred to an inverter 2 passes through minimums.
- the charging system comprises several inverters 2 connected to a single power supply 18.
- the power supply 18 is transferring power to a first inverter 2
- a second inverter 2 if a second inverter 2 is started, one can wait for a passage through a minimum of power within the power supply 18 to allow starting. of the second inverter.
- the second inverter 2 can be started at full power, without the risk of a power peak damaging a component.
- the power supply may include a rectifier 26, capable of converting the alternating current at the output of the transformer into a current whose voltage varies between 0 V and an adjustable maximum value, for example between 24 and 600 V, to obtain the source of voltage 1.
- a rectifier 26 capable of converting the alternating current at the output of the transformer into a current whose voltage varies between 0 V and an adjustable maximum value, for example between 24 and 600 V, to obtain the source of voltage 1.
- the inverter 2 may include a microcontroller capable of giving orders to start and stop the inverter 2 based on the following data: the operating frequency of the resonant circuit of inverter 3, recovered by the measuring means 5, the values of voltages and currents, recovered for example at the level of the first terminal 14 of the inverter resonant circuit 3 and of the output terminal 16.
- the microcontroller may also be able to communicate with the power supply 18 so that if the power supply 18 is already supplying another inverter 2, the microcontroller authorizes the starting of the inverter 2 at the right time, when switching to low power. To do this the microcontroller of the inverter 2 can also calculate the power from several measurements taken in the inverter 2. These measurements can include the current and the voltage in the loop of the resonant circuit of inverter 3, the current and the voltage at the output of voltage source 1, and the voltage zero crossing times in inverter 2.
- the power supply 18 can also include a microcontroller capable of giving orders to start and stop the power supply 18 based on the following data: temperature of the power components, voltage values and currents in the chopping module and the rectifier.
- the charging system according to the invention can comprise a charge regulator 27, one embodiment of which is illustrated in .
- the charge regulator converts the magnetic energy generated by the charging plate 4 into an electrical signal which can be used to charge / recharge a charge 28, for example a battery, an accumulator or a rechargeable cell.
- the charge regulator 27 has a secondary resonant circuit 29 in frequency match with the primary resonant circuit of the charge plate 4. If the charge 28 is a battery requiring constant current charging, the secondary resonant circuit 29 is preferably a battery. LC series circuit. If the load is an AC / DC converter, for example a battery charger to be connected to the 220V AC network, then the secondary resonant circuit is preferably a parallel LC circuit in order to obtain a large DC voltage at the output of the charge regulator. .
- the charge regulator comprises a rectifier and filtering module 30, making it possible to transform the current coming from the secondary resonant circuit 29 into a direct current capable of charging the load 28.
- a BUCK converter 31 is preferably added at the output of the rectifier and filter module 30, before the current is sent to the load 28.
- the BUCK converter allows the voltage of the current to be lowered to the value required by the load 28.
- the charge regulator 27 may include a microcontroller capable of communicating with the power supply 18. Thus, the charge regulator 27 can send a charge current request for the load 28 directly to the power supply 18, which will attempt to satisfy this request.
- the charging of the load 28 can be done in two phases repeating at the frequency of the network: a charging phase, when the voltage delivered by the power supply 18 is greater than the voltage at the terminals of the load 28, then a relaxation phase , when the voltage delivered by the power supply 18 is lower than the voltage at the terminals of the load 28.
- a charging phase when the voltage delivered by the power supply 18 is greater than the voltage at the terminals of the load 28, then a relaxation phase , when the voltage delivered by the power supply 18 is lower than the voltage at the terminals of the load 28.
- the power supply 18 does not send a continuous power which the charge regulator 27 can have, but just sends the necessary power requested by the load 28. The overall efficiency of the charging system is thus optimized.
- the charging system according to the invention can be used in a charging process comprising the following steps:
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- un moyen de mesure de la tension instantanée aux bornes dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur,
- un déphaseur connecté audit moyen de mesure,
- un moyen d’excitation connecté au déphaseur, apte à injecter de l’énergie provenant de ladite source de tension dans le circuit résonant d’onduleur lors de chaque cycle observé par le moyen de mesure, avec un déphasage indiqué par le déphaseur.
- ledit moyen d’excitation peut comprendre :
- une inductance réservoir connectée entre ladite source de tension et une première borne du circuit résonant d’onduleur,
- une diode de charge dont l’anode est connectée à une deuxième borne dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur,
- un transistor de charge dont le drain est connecté à la cathode de ladite diode de charge, la source est connectée à une borne de sortie, et la grille est connectée à un moyen de pilotage,
- une diode de décharge dont l’anode est connectée à la première borne dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur,
- un transistor de décharge dont le drain est connecté à la cathode de ladite diode de décharge, la source est connectée à une borne de sortie, et la grille est connectée audit moyen de pilotage,
- ledit moyen de pilotage étant connecté au déphaseur, et apte à piloter la mise en état bloqué du transistor de charge et la mise en état passant du transistor de décharge, puis la mise en état passant du transistor de charge et la mise en état bloqué du transistor de décharge lors de chaque cycle observé par le moyen de mesure, avec un déphasage indiqué par le déphaseur,
- la source de tension peut délivrer une tension variant entre 0 V et une tension maximale réglable, par exemple comprise entre 24 et 600 V, à une fréquence comprise entre 20 KHz et 200 kHz, ce qui permet d’alimenter la plupart des types de batteries, pile rechargeables et accumulateurs,
- ledit moyen de mesure peut comporter un transformateur, ce qui est un mode de réalisation simple, peu cher et efficace,
- ledit bobinage primaire peut comprendre au moins deux fils connectés en parallèle et espacés les uns des autres d’au moins 1 mm sur au moins 50% de leur longueur, ce qui permet d’obtenir une efficacité similaire à un câble unique de section bien plus importante ; c’est ainsi un mode de réalisation simple, peu cher et efficace,
- ladite source de tension peut être générée par une alimentation apte à convertir une source de courant alternatif, par exemple à une tension de 220 V et une fréquence de 50 Hz, en une source de tension délivrant une tension variant entre 0 V et une tension maximale réglable, par exemple comprise entre 24 et 600V, ce qui permet par exemple d’utiliser le réseau de distribution domestique d’électricité,
- ladite alimentation peut comporter un condensateur filtrant, ayant une capacité par exemple comprise entre 0,1 et 10 µF, permettant de créer dans ladite source de tension une oscillation de la puissance au double de la fréquence de ladite source de courant alternatif, ce qui permet l’alimentation de plusieurs onduleurs par la même alimentation, le démarrage d’un deuxième onduleur pouvant être effectué pendant la charge d’un premier onduleur lors d’un passage en basse puissance,
- ledit onduleur peut comporter un microcontrôleur, apte à communiquer avec l’alimentation et à donner des ordres de marche ou d’arrêt de l’onduleur, ce qui est un mode de réalisation simple et efficace de l’invention,
- le système de charge selon l’invention peut comporter un régulateur de charge apte à communiquer avec l’alimentation et à lui envoyer une demande de courant de charge, ce qui permet d’optimiser la puissance envoyée par l’alimentation vers la batterie, accumulateur ou pile rechargeable à charger.
- alimentation d’un premier onduleur 2 par l’alimentation,
- ordre d’alimenter un deuxième onduleur 2 par l’alimentation,
- calcul de la puissance au niveau du premier onduleur 2,
- lorsque ladite puissance passe par une valeur basse, par exemple inférieure à 0,1 x le maximum de ladite puissance, démarrage de l’alimentation du deuxième onduleur.
- demande de démarrage de l’onduleur,
- le transistor de décharge est mis en état bloqué, tandis que le transistor de charge est mis en état passant,
- un faible courant est envoyé au circuit résonant d’onduleur 3 et amorce l'oscillation,
- une lecture de la fréquence de résonance du circuit résonant d’onduleur 3 est réalisée grâce au moyen de mesure 5 et si elle, et le cas échéant d’autres paramètres, sont corrects, la puissance est entièrement libérée dans l’onduleur.
- alimentation d’un premier onduleur 2 par l’alimentation 18,
- ordre d’alimenter un deuxième onduleur 2 par l’alimentation 18,
- calcul de la puissance dans le premier onduleur 2,
- lorsque ladite puissance passe par une valeur basse, par exemple inférieure à 0,1 x le maximum de ladite puissance, démarrage de l’alimentation du deuxième onduleur 2.
Claims (10)
- Système de charge par résonance magnétique comportant une source de tension (1) et un onduleur (2), ledit onduleur (2) comprenant un circuit résonant d’onduleur (3) LC parallèle et au moins une plaque de charge (4), caractérisé en ce que ledit circuit résonant d’onduleur (3) comprend un condensateur (32) connecté en parallèle à un bobinage primaire (33) de ladite au moins une plaque de charge (4) et en ce que ledit onduleur (2) comporte en outre :
- un moyen de mesure (5) de la tension instantanée aux bornes dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur (3),
- un déphaseur (6) connecté audit moyen de mesure (5),
- un moyen d’excitation (7) connecté au déphaseur (6), apte à injecter de l’énergie provenant de ladite source de tension (1) dans le circuit résonant d’onduleur (3) lors de chaque cycle observé par le moyen de mesure (5), avec un déphasage indiqué par le déphaseur (6), le déphasage étant un temps de retard ou d’avance par rapport au passage à zéro de la tension mesurée aux bornes du circuit résonant d’onduleur (3).
- Système de charge selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel ledit moyen d’excitation comprend :
- une inductance réservoir (8) connectée entre ladite source de tension (1) et une première borne (14) du circuit résonant d’onduleur (3),
- une diode de charge (9) dont l’anode est connectée à une deuxième borne (15) dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur (3),
- un transistor de charge (10) dont le drain est connecté à la cathode de ladite diode de charge (9), la source est connectée à une borne de sortie (16), et la grille est connectée à un moyen de pilotage (13),
- une diode de décharge (11) dont l’anode est connectée à la première borne (14) dudit circuit résonant d’onduleur (3),
- un transistor de décharge (12) dont le drain est connecté à la cathode de ladite diode de décharge (11), la source est connectée à une borne de sortie (16), et la grille est connectée audit moyen de pilotage (13),
- ledit moyen de pilotage (13) étant connecté au déphaseur (6), et apte à piloter la mise en état bloqué du transistor de charge (10) et la mise en état passant du transistor de décharge (12), puis la mise en état passant du transistor de charge (10) et la mise en état bloqué du transistor de décharge (12) lors de chaque cycle observé par le moyen de mesure 6), avec un déphasage indiqué par le déphaseur (6).
- Système de charge selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la source de tension (1) délivre une tension variant entre 0 V et une tension maximale réglable, par exemple comprise entre 24 et 600 V, à une fréquence comprise entre 20 KHz et 200 kHz.
- Système de charge selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit moyen de mesure (5) comporte un transformateur.
- Système de charge selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit bobinage primaire (33) comprend au moins deux fils (17a, 17b) connectés en parallèle et espacés les uns des autres d’au moins 1 mm sur au moins 50% de leur longueur.
- Système de charge selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite source de tension (1) est générée par une alimentation (18) apte à convertir une source de courant alternatif (19), par exemple à une tension de 220 V et une fréquence de 50 Hz, en une source de tension (1) délivrant une tension variant entre 0 V et une tension maximale réglable, par exemple comprise entre 24 et 600V.
- Système de charge selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel ledit onduleur (2) comporte un microcontrôleur, apte à communiquer avec l’alimentation (18) et à donner des ordres de marche ou d’arrêt de l’onduleur (2).
- Système de charge selon l’une des revendications 6 à 7, comportant un régulateur de charge (27) apte à communiquer avec l’alimentation (18) et à lui envoyer une demande de courant de charge.
- Système de charge selon l’une des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel ladite alimentation (18) comporte un condensateur filtrant (25), ayant une capacité par exemple comprise entre 0,1 et 10 µF, permettant de créer dans ladite source de tension (1) une oscillation de la puissance au double de la fréquence de ladite source de courant alternatif (19).
- Procédé d’utilisation d’un système de charge selon la revendication précédente comportant au moins deux onduleurs (2), comportant les étapes suivantes :
- alimentation d’un premier onduleur (2) par l’alimentation (18),
- ordre d’alimenter un deuxième onduleur (2) par l’alimentation (18),
- calcul de la puissance au niveau du premier onduleur (2),
- lorsque ladite puissance passe par une valeur basse, par exemple inférieure à 0,1 x le maximum de ladite puissance, démarrage de l’alimentation du deuxième onduleur (2).
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA3173842A CA3173842A1 (fr) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | Systeme de charge par resonance magnetique |
| CN202180029190.8A CN115428294A (zh) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | 磁共振充电系统 |
| IL296925A IL296925A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | Magnetic resonance charging system |
| EP21715247.9A EP4128476A1 (fr) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | Système de charge par résonance magnétique |
| JP2022559529A JP2023520394A (ja) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | 磁気共振充電システム |
| KR1020227036636A KR20220160613A (ko) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | 자기 공진 충전 시스템 |
| US17/915,830 US20230127892A1 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | Magnetic resonance charging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2003118 | 2020-03-30 | ||
| FR2003118A FR3108801B1 (fr) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Système de charge par résonance magnétique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2021198140A1 true WO2021198140A1 (fr) | 2021-10-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2021/058087 Ceased WO2021198140A1 (fr) | 2020-03-30 | 2021-03-29 | Système de charge par résonance magnétique |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230127892A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4128476A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023520394A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20220160613A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN115428294A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3173842A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3108801B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL296925A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021198140A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11418060B2 (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2022-08-16 | Aira, Inc. | Phase modulated wireless charger |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014039088A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Access Business Group International Llc | Système et procédé de transfert de puissance bidirectionnel sans fil |
| WO2017169543A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Antenne à cadre, dispositif d'alimentation en énergie, dispositif de réception d'énergie, et système d'alimentation en énergie sans fil |
| CN109149979A (zh) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | 一种用于谐振电路的大功率电压控制型负电阻 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6016257A (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 2000-01-18 | Philips Electronics North America Corporation | Voltage regulated power supply utilizing phase shift control |
| US8933594B2 (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2015-01-13 | Witricity Corporation | Wireless energy transfer for vehicles |
| EP3176935B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-30 | 2020-12-09 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Dispositif de conversion d'énergie électrique |
| EP3512072A1 (fr) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-17 | Prodrive Technologies B.V. | Système de transfert d'énergie électrique sans contact et son procédé de fonctionnement |
| US20190157897A1 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-23 | Delphi Technologies, Llc | Wireless battery charger with automatic impedance characterization and frequency adjustment |
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 FR FR2003118A patent/FR3108801B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-03-29 CA CA3173842A patent/CA3173842A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-03-29 IL IL296925A patent/IL296925A/en unknown
- 2021-03-29 EP EP21715247.9A patent/EP4128476A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-03-29 JP JP2022559529A patent/JP2023520394A/ja active Pending
- 2021-03-29 KR KR1020227036636A patent/KR20220160613A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-03-29 CN CN202180029190.8A patent/CN115428294A/zh active Pending
- 2021-03-29 WO PCT/EP2021/058087 patent/WO2021198140A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-03-29 US US17/915,830 patent/US20230127892A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014039088A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Access Business Group International Llc | Système et procédé de transfert de puissance bidirectionnel sans fil |
| WO2017169543A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Antenne à cadre, dispositif d'alimentation en énergie, dispositif de réception d'énergie, et système d'alimentation en énergie sans fil |
| CN109149979A (zh) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | 一种用于谐振电路的大功率电压控制型负电阻 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20220160613A (ko) | 2022-12-06 |
| JP2023520394A (ja) | 2023-05-17 |
| IL296925A (en) | 2022-12-01 |
| US20230127892A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| EP4128476A1 (fr) | 2023-02-08 |
| FR3108801B1 (fr) | 2022-07-22 |
| CA3173842A1 (fr) | 2021-10-07 |
| CN115428294A (zh) | 2022-12-02 |
| FR3108801A1 (fr) | 2021-10-01 |
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