WO2021018329A1 - Method and layer-building device for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment of a component as well as computer-program product and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment (12) of at least one component (10), in particular for a flow machine, comprising at least the following steps: a) applying at least one powder layer (20) of a material (22) to at least one building-up and joining zone (60) of at least one movable building platform (70); b) irradiating the powder layer (20) by means of at least one energy beam (80) for at least partially solidifying the powder layer (20) to form the at least one component segment (12), wherein a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_1) of at least one segment surface (14) of the at least one component segment (12) is created by a relative angle (ζ), assigned to the target surface roughness (Ra_1), being set between the energy beam (80) and a surface normal (17) of the segment surface (14), that is assigned to a point of impingement (16) of the energy beam (80) on the material (22). Further aspects of the invention concern a layer-building device (50) for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment (12) of a component (10), a computer-program product, a computer-readable storage medium (110) as well as a component (10).

Description

Method and layer construction device for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment of a component as well as computer program product and storage medium

description

The invention relates to a method and a layer construction device for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment of a component. Further aspects of the invention relate to a computer program product, a computer-readable storage medium and a component.

In such a method, a powdery material is usually deposited in layers and selectively solidified by means of at least one energy beam in order to additively build up a desired component segment. Such a process, which can also be referred to as an additive or generative manufacturing process, thus differs from conventional abrasive or primary forming manufacturing methods. Examples of the process for additive manufacturing are generative laser sintering or laser melting processes, which can be used, for example, to manufacture components for turbo machines such as aircraft engines. With selective laser melting, thin powder layers of the material or materials used can be applied to a building platform and melted and solidified locally with the aid of one or more laser beams in the area of a build-up and joining zone. Then the construction platform can be lowered, another layer of powder applied and locally solidified again. This cycle can be repeated until the finished component or the finished component segment is obtained. The component or component segment can then be processed further if necessary or used without further processing steps. In selective laser sintering, the component or component segment is produced in a similar manner by laser-assisted sintering of powdery materials. The energy is supplied here, for example, by laser beams from a CC laser, Nd: YAG laser, Yb fiber laser, diode laser or the like. Electron beam processes are also known in which the material is selectively solidified by one or more electron beams.

The object of the present invention is to create a method and a layered construction device of the type mentioned at the outset, by means of which at least one component segment of a component can be manufactured with little effort with at least locally improved quality. Further tasks

CONFIRMATION COPY The invention consists in specifying a computer program product and a computer-readable storage medium which enable such a layered construction device to be controlled. Finally, it is the object of the invention to specify a component with at least one component segment having an improved quality.

The objects are achieved according to the invention by a method with the features of claim 1, by a layer construction device with the features of claim 10, by a computer program product according to claim 13, by a computer-readable storage medium according to claim 14 and by a component according to claim 15 . Advantageous refinements with expedient refinements of the invention are specified in the respective subclaims, with advantageous refinements of each aspect of the invention being to be regarded as advantageous refinements of the respective other aspects of the invention.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a method for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment of at least one component, in particular for a turbo machine, comprising at least the following steps:

a) application of at least one powder layer of a material to at least one build-up and joining zone of at least one movable building platform;

b) Irradiating the powder layer by means of at least one energy beam for at least partial solidification of the powder layer with formation of the at least one component segment, a predetermined target surface roughness of at least one segment surface of the at least one component segment being generated by a relative angle assigned to the target surface roughness between the Energy beam and one, a point of impact of the energy beam on the material associated surface normal of the segment surface is set.

This is advantageous because by generating the predetermined target surface roughness at least on the component segment of the component, an improved quality can be generated, for example compared to component areas of the component that are different from the component segment. The relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal of the segment surface at the point of impact represents a setting variable that can be controlled and set with little effort, whereby the method can be used, for example, with high reproducibility of the target surface roughness, for example in mass production of the component. The invention is based on the knowledge that the nominal surface roughness is directly proportional to the relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal, whereby a specific angular value or angular amount of the relative angle can be assigned to a specific roughness value of the nominal surface roughness. This knowledge enables the target surface roughness to be generated in a targeted manner as a function of the relative angle. Thus, not only is a surface roughness prognosis possible with a known relative angle, but the target surface roughness can also be generated in a predetermined manner without complex regulation of an irradiation duration and additionally or alternatively a radiation intensity of the energy beam. The method enables, in particular, the targeted generation of the target surface roughness without varying the duration of the irradiation and additionally or alternatively the radiation intensity of the energy beam. In other words, the predetermined target surface roughness can be generated as a function of the setting of the relative angle without changing the radiation intensity and / or the irradiation time of the energy beam.

In an advantageous development of the invention, in step b) a translational and / or rotary relative movement is carried out between the at least one energy beam and the at least one building platform in order to direct the energy beam onto a second point of impact different from the point of impact, one of the predetermined target surface roughness different, second predetermined target surface roughness at least the segment surface is generated by a, the second surface roughness associated, second relative angle between the energy beam and a, the second point of impact of the energy beam on the material associated second surface normal of the Segment surface is set. This is advantageous because it allows the second target surface roughness, which is different from the target surface roughness, to be set in a targeted manner at the second point of impact of the energy beam. With the nominal surface roughness and the second nominal surface roughness, at least two mutually different surface textures with correspondingly different roughness values can be generated on the segment surface. This enables different surface areas with different surface quality to be generated in a particularly needs-based manner. In a further advantageous development of the invention, the further steps take place: c) lowering the at least one building platform layer by layer and d) repeating steps a) to c). This advantageously enables a successive, layered build-up of the component segment or the component, the target surface roughness being able to be generated during the build-up and without complex post-processing of the component segment or the component. As a result, time can be saved when manufacturing the component.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, a laser beam or an electron beam is used as the energy beam. As a result, the component segment or the entire component can be produced, with its mechanical properties being able to correspond at least essentially to those of the material.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, the relative angle is set in that a radiation source emitting the energy beam is moved translationally and / or rotationally relative to the at least one building platform. This is advantageous because it makes it possible to dispense with complex optics for deflecting the energy beam and instead an alignment of the energy beam can be set directly and precisely in order to thereby set the relative angle. The radiation source can be, for example, a CO2 laser, Nd: YAG laser, Yb fiber laser, diode laser or the like.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, the relative angle is set by moving the at least one building platform translationally and / or rotationally relative to the at least one energy beam. This is advantageous, since it gives increased flexibility when setting the relative angle. The building platform can be inclined, for example, in order to set the relative angle. By tilting the construction platform, an angle of inclination of the component can be set relative to the energy beam and, additionally or alternatively, relative to a radiation source emitting the energy beam.

In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the powder layer is irradiated according to step b) by means of at least two energy beams, the energy beams each being emitted by means of an assigned radiation source and with different predetermined target surface roughness between a relative angle assigned to the respective energy beam the respective energy beam and the respective The point of impact of the energy beam on the surface normal assigned to the material of the segment surface is set. In addition, there is the possibility that the at least two energy beams are used to produce different nominal surface roughness of a component or to produce different nominal surface roughness of at least two different components. This means that the process can also be used with so-called "multi-laser systems". A component with different nominal surface roughness can be produced with several lasers or different components with different nominal surface roughness can be produced on a construction platform with an assigned laser. This advantageously increases the possible areas of application of the method according to the invention. In addition, the construction time of a single component or a number of different components can be reduced overall. In addition, there is the possibility that only that one of several energy beams is activated in step b), the assigned relative angle of which has a smaller relative deviation from a predetermined relative angle in order to achieve a predetermined target surface roughness. This measure also leads to a shortening of the construction times, since the setting times of the individual radiation sources can be shortened with regard to their angle of incidence.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, a minimum roughness value of the target surface roughness is generated by minimizing the relative angle. This is advantageous because the segment surface can thus be made smoother the smaller the relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal is set. In addition, the target surface roughness can become greater the greater the relative angle is set.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a layer construction device for the additive production of at least one component segment of at least one component, in particular for a fluid flow machine, comprising:

At least one movable building platform which has a build-up and joining zone which is designed to hold at least one powder layer of a material that can be applied to the build-up and joining zone;

- At least one radiation source for generating at least one energy beam for at least partially solidifying the powder layer while forming the at least one component segment; -at least one movement device which is set up to move the energy beam and / or the building platform; and

- At least one control device which is designed to control the movement device for moving the energy beam and / or the construction platform.

According to the invention, the control device is configured to control the movement device in such a way that a relative angle between the energy beam and a surface normal of a segment surface of the component segment assigned to a point of impact of the energy beam on the material is set to a predetermined target surface roughness to generate the at least one segment surface of the at least one component segment, the relative angle being assigned to the target surface roughness. The layer construction device can in particular be set up to carry out a method according to the first aspect of the invention.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the layer construction device is designed as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device. As a result, component segments and complete components can be produced whose mechanical properties at least essentially correspond to those of the material. For example, CO2 lasers, Nd: YAG lasers, Yb fiber lasers, diode lasers or the like can be provided as the radiation source to generate a laser beam. It can also be provided that two or more electron and / or laser beams are used, the exposure or solidification parameters of which can be varied.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the layered construction device can have at least two radiation sources for generating at least two energy beams for at least partially solidifying the powder layer with the formation of at least two component segments with different target surface roughness of a component or with the formation of at least two components with different target values - Include surface roughness. This embodiment of the invention is advantageously a so-called "multi-laser system". A component with different nominal surface roughness can be produced with several lasers or different components with different nominal surface roughness can be produced on a construction platform with an assigned laser. This advantageously increases the possible areas of application of the inventive layer construction device. In addition, the construction time of a single component or several different components can be reduced overall.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a control device of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention, cause the layer construction device to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the invention. A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a control device of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention, cause the layer construction device to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the invention.

The present invention can be implemented with the aid of a computer program product which comprises program modules which are accessible from a computer usable or computer readable medium and which store program code which is used by or in connection with one or more computers, processors or instruction execution systems of a layer building device becomes. For purposes of this description, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, distribute, or transport the computer program product for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, device, or device. The medium can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor system or a propagation medium per se, since signal carriers are not included in the definition of the physical, computer-readable medium. These include solid state or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), rigid magnetic disk, and an optical disk such as read only memory (CD) -ROM, DVD, Blue-Ray etc.), or a writable optical disk (CD-R, DVD-R). Processors as well as program code for implementing the various aspects of the invention can be centralized or distributed (or a combination thereof).

A fifth aspect of the invention relates to a component, in particular for a turbomachine, comprising at least one component segment, which by means of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention and / or by means of a method according to the first aspect of the invention. The features resulting therefrom and their advantages can be found in the descriptions of the first and second aspects of the invention, with advantageous configurations of each aspect of the invention being regarded as advantageous configurations of the other aspects of the invention.

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations, without departing from the scope of the invention. There are thus also embodiments of the invention to be regarded as encompassed and disclosed, which are not explicitly shown and explained in the figures, but which emerge from the explained embodiments by means of separate combinations of features and can be generated. Designs and combinations of features are also to be regarded as disclosed, which therefore do not have all the features of an originally formulated independent claim. In addition, designs and combinations of features, in particular through the statements set out above, are to be regarded as disclosed which go beyond the combinations of features set forth in the back references of the claims or differ from them. It shows:

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a layer construction device, by means of which a component is produced by a method for additive manufacturing, an energy beam impinging on an impact point;

2 shows a schematic side view of the layer construction device, the energy beam impinging on the point of impact parallel to an x-z plane;

3 shows a further schematic side view of the layered construction device, the energy beam impinging on a second point of impact in parallel to the x-z plane; and

4 shows a schematic side view of the layer construction device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 each show a schematic representation of a layer construction device 50 for the additive production of at least one component segment 12 of a component 10. The component 10 can be used for a turbo-engine, in particular a jet engine. The layer construction device 50 is embodied in the present case as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, coordinate systems related to the component 10 are specified, which are defined by an axis x, by an axis y and by an axis z of the component 10.

The layer building device 50 comprises a movable building platform 70 which has a building and joining zone 60. The build-up and joining zone 60 is designed to hold a powder layer 20 of a material 22 applied to the build-up and joining zone 60.

A nickel-based alloy with the short name NiCrl 9NbMo, for example, can be used as the powdery material 22, which can have the following composition:

Cr: 19% by mass, Fe: 18% by mass, Mo: 3% by mass, Al: 0.5% by mass, Nb + Ta: 5, 1% by mass, Ti: 0.95% by mass, C: 0.05% by mass %, Ni: remainder. Individual particles formed from this material 22 can have a spherical basic shape and a diameter between 15 mm and 45 mm.

The layer construction device 50 also includes a radiation source SQ for generating an energy beam 80 for at least partially solidifying the powder layer 20 while forming the component segment 12. A laser beam or an electron beam is used as the energy beam 80, which is emitted by the radiation source SQ.

Furthermore, the layer construction device 50 comprises a movement device 90, which is set up to move the energy beam 80 and the construction platform 70. The movement device 90 can, for example, comprise a plurality of actuators, with the aid of which a respective relative movement RB of the radiation source SQ and the building platform 70 can be brought about. In addition, the layer construction device 50 comprises a control device 100 which is designed to control the movement device 90 for moving the energy beam 80 and the construction platform 70.

The control device 100 is configured to control the movement device 90 in such a way that a relative angle z between the energy beam 80 and a surface normal 17 of a segment surface 14 of the component segment 12 assigned to a point of impact 16 of the energy beam 80 on the material 22 is set in order to to generate a predetermined nominal surface roughness Ra i of the at least one segment surface 14 of the at least one component segment 12, the relative angle z being assigned to the nominal surface roughness Ra_l.

The control device 100 can include a model of the component 10. The model of the component 10 can include geometry data characterizing the component 10. The control device 100 can now be set up to determine the relative angle z between the energy beam 80 and the surface normal 17 during the production of the component segment 12 or the component 10 using the movement device 90 in this way by the relative movement RB of the radiation source SQ and additionally or alternatively the Set the construction platform 70 so that the relative angle z is kept as small as possible during the additive production of the component segment 12 or the component 10 as a function of a changing orientation of the surface normals 17. As a result, the nominal surface roughness Ra_l can also have the smallest possible amount. If, for example, the surface normals 17 protrude into a powder bed 24 formed from the material 22, the radiation source SQ and additionally or alternatively the construction platform 70 can be moved, in particular pivoted, using the movement device 90 in accordance with the relative movement RB that the energy beam 80, which in the present case is a laser beam, impinges on the point of impact 16 almost parallel to an xy plane spanned by the axis y and the axis y. The energy beam 80 can then enclose an angle of less than 10 °, preferably 5 °, with the xy plane, for example, and thus be oriented almost parallel to the xy plane. In other words, a minimum roughness value of the target surface roughness Ra_l can be generated by minimizing the relative angle z. In the present case, a computer-readable storage medium 110 is integrated into the control device 100, which storage medium comprises a computer program product with commands for the corresponding control of the layer construction device 50.

In summary, the relative angle z can be set in that the radiation source SQ emitting the energy beam 80 is moved, in particular pivoted, relative to the construction platform 70. Additionally or alternatively, the relative angle z can be set by moving the construction platform 70, in particular pivoting it, relative to the energy beam 80.

In order to additively manufacture at least the component segment 12 of the component 10, in a step a) the at least one powder layer 20 of the material 22 is first applied to the build-up and joining zone 60 of the building platform 70 which is movable, in particular pivotable, by means of the movement device 90 takes place, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 2, in a step b) the powder layer 20 is irradiated by means of the energy beam 80 for partial solidification of the powder layer 20 with the formation of the component segment 12, the predetermined target surface roughness Ra_l of the segment surface 14 of the component segment 12 is generated by setting the relative angle z, assigned to the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, between the energy beam 80 and the surface normal 17 of the segment surface 14 assigned to the point of impact 16 of the energy beam 80 on the material 22. In addition, in step b) the relative movement RB between the energy beam 80 and the construction platform 70 is carried out in order to direct the energy beam 80 onto a second impact point 18 different from the point of impact 16, as is shown by way of example in FIG . A second predetermined target surface roughness Ra_2 of the segment surface 14, which differs from the predetermined target surface roughness Ra_l, is generated by adding a second relative angle z_ 2, assigned to the second surface roughness Ra_2, between the energy beam 80 and one of the second impact point 18 of the Energy beam 80 is set on the material 22 associated second surface normal 19 of the segment surface 14. In a further step c) the building platform 70 is lowered in layers. Subsequently, in a further step d), steps a) to c) are repeated until the component 10 is completely additive manufactured. It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the relative angle z of equation (1) z = arccos [sin (a) sin (e) + cos (a) cos (e) cos (x - c)] (1) satisfies, in which

a construction angle, which can correspond to a polar angle of the surface normal 17, e angle of incidence, which can correspond to a polar angle of the energy beam 80, x azimuth angle of the surface normal 17

c AAimuthai angle of the energy beam 80

mean. The angles a, e, x, c represent variables that can be set particularly precisely, so that a particularly precise setting of the relative angle z can also take place on the basis of these variables. Equation (1) also applies to the relative angle z_2 shown in FIG. 3, so that with reference to FIG.

3 Equation (1) can also be expressed as follows: z_2 = arccos [sin (a) sin (e) + cos (a) cos (e) cos (x - c)]

By using the two azimuth angles x, c for the representation of the angle of incidence e of the energy beam 80 and the surface normal 17, which can also be referred to as surface normal, in spherical coordinates, a relative tilt between the component 10 and the radiation source SQ can be taken into account in equation (1).

The term cos (x - c) takes on the value “1” if the expression

(x - c) corresponds to the value “0”, for example the angles x and c are each 0 °.

This is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this case the relative angle z can be given by an equation (2) z = | (a - e) | (2) will be described.

Equation (2) represents a two-dimensional view and is valid on the assumption that the angle of incidence e of the energy beam 80 and the surface normals 17 (Surface normal) lie in the xy plane and thus parallel to the z axis. In this case the term with the two azimuth angles x, c "cos (x - c)" is equal to "1", since the difference between the two azimuth angles x, c gives the value "0" or both azimuth angles x, c the value " 0 ". Thereby, the equation (1) can be simplified to the equation (2). In this case, equation (2) can represent a special case of equation (1).

Due to the formula-related relationship via equation (1) for a three-dimensional view or equation (2) for a two-dimensional view, depending on the installation space position and geometry of the component 10, its target surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 can be predetermined and possibly reduced as required. The possibility of reducing the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 is here many times higher than by changing the exposure parameters relating to the energy beam 80.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the respective target surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 is directly proportional to the relative angle z. When using the respective formula-related relationship according to equation (1) or (2), the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 can be predicted and possibly minimized or at least reduced depending on the installation space position and geometry of the component 10.

For example, an Ra value of 5 gm can be achieved for the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 if the relative angle z has a value of 0 °. With an increase in the relative angle z per 1 °, an increase in roughness of the respective target surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 by 0.65 mm can be achieved. With a value of the relative angle z of 45 °, the associated Ra value can correspond to about 35 mm. In contrast to a roughness reduction by adapting parameters (exposure parameters) pertaining to the energy beam 80, whereby for example an exposure strategy can be changed and whereby the roughness reduction permits a maximum value of 10 mm, significantly smoother surfaces can be achieved by setting the relative angle z such as the segment surface 14 are formed.

In order to use the relative angle z and, as a result, to reduce the roughness, for example on the segment surface 14, there are various options: It is particularly advantageous to adapt an angle of inclination of the component 10, for example by means of the relative movement RB of the building platform 70 relative to the radiation source SQ. The angle of inclination can be adjusted for each installation space position, so that a maximum value of the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 can be reduced under a hypothesis that at the maximum value of the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 failure of the component 10 can occur during its intended use. Any increase in the roughness value brought about by this on other surfaces of the component 10 can then be accepted.

Depending on the angular amount or the relative angular range of the relative angle z, a preset parameter setup assigned to the model of the component 10 can preferably be used for irradiating the powder layer 20 by means of the energy beam 80. Using the equations (1), (2), different angular amounts of the relative angle z can generally be determined, it being possible for a roughness value to be assigned to each of the angular amounts. A relative angle roughness value function determined therefrom, in other words a function which expresses the roughness values as a function of various relative angles z, can be stored in the storage medium 110 and additionally or alternatively in the control device 100. As a result, the various roughness values to be expected in additive manufacturing can initially be determined using the model of component 10. The various roughness values of the nominal surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 can then be generated using equations (1) or (2) and additionally or alternatively the relative angle roughness value function when the component segment 12 or the component 10 is additively manufactured . The use of the relative angle roughness value function in additive manufacturing enables the target surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 to be generated quickly and in line with requirements.

For the needs-based irradiation, the radiation source SQ, which can also be referred to as an exposure unit, can be moved and inclined with the aid of the movement device 90, thereby making it possible to minimize the relative angle z.

By setting the relative angle z or the second relative angle z_2, the nominal surface roughness Ra_l or the second surface roughness Ra_2 can be generated and thus a predetermined surface quality of the segment surface 14 can be set. The present method represents a significant advantage over conventional production methods. With these conventional production methods, surface roughness Ra of up to 45 mm can arise depending on the parameters, installation space position and geometry of a workpiece to be produced. Especially when designing target components for fatigue strength, with conventional manufacturing methods, due to this relatively poor surface roughness, high reductions in the respective material properties have to be accepted. Many workpieces manufactured additively using these conventional manufacturing methods must therefore either be reworked or oversized for use in aviation. In contrast to this, the present method or the present layer construction device 50 enables a specific formula-technical setting of the target surface roughness Ra i, Ra_2 of the component that can be achieved for the component 10, the target surface roughness Ra_l, Ra_2 depending on the construction space position and the The geometry of the component 10 can be predicted and possibly reduced by its model.

FIG. FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a second embodiment of the layered construction device 50. In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the layered construction device 50 shown here has two radiation sources SQ, SQ 1. The radiation sources SQ, SQ 1 each generate an energy beam 80, 82 for irradiating the powder layer 20 of the material 22 on the movable building platform 70. The energy beams 80, 82 strike the powder layer 20 in the area of the points of impact 16, 16 ', the points of impact 16, 16 'are spatially separated from one another and can be assigned to different components in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, it is also possible that the points of impact 16, 16 'can be assigned to different areas of an individual component. It is recognized that different predetermined desired surface roughness RA_L ', Ra_2' z_ by the respective energy beam 80, 82 associated with relative angle ^{1, z_2,} between the respective energy beam 80, 82 and the respective impact point 16, 16 'of the energy beam 80, 82 surface normals 17, 17 ′ of the segment surface 14 assigned to the material 22 are generated. The relative angles z_1 ', z_2' have different sizes, for example approx. 80 ° and 120 °. With regard to further details of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, reference is made to the explanations relating to FIGS. 1 to 3, the same reference symbols describing identical features. In addition, the method described above does not fundamentally differ from the one shown in FIG. Building device 50 carried out method for additive production of at least one component segment 12 of at least one component.

List of reference symbols:

10 component

12 component segment

14 segment surface

16 point of impact

16 'Point of impact

17 F smile normal

17 'surface normals

18 second point of impact

19 second surface normals

20 powder layer

22 material

24 powder bed

50 layer construction device

60 Build-up and joining zone

70 build platform

80 energy beam

82 energy beam

90 movement device

100 control device

1 10 storage medium

Ra_l target surface roughness Ra_2 second target surface roughness Ra_l 'target surface roughness Ra_2' second target surface roughness RB relative movement

SQ radiation source

SQ 1 radiation source

X axis

y axis

z axis

a mounting angle c azimuth angle e angle of incidence x azimuth angle z relative angle z_2 relative angle z_1 ^, relative angle z_2 'relative angle

Claims

Claims 1. A method for the additive production of at least one component segment (12) of at least one component (10), in particular for a turbo machine, comprising at least the following steps: a) application of at least one powder layer (20) of a material (22) to at least one building and joining zone (60) of at least one movable building platform (70); b) irradiating the powder layer (20) by means of at least one energy beam (80, 82) for at least partial solidification of the powder layer (20) with the formation of the at least one component segment (12), with a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_l) of at least one segment surface (14 ) of the at least one component segment (12) is generated by a relative angle (z) assigned to the nominal surface roughness (Ra_l) between the energy beam (80, 82) and a point of impact (16) of the energy beam (80, 82) is set to the surface normal (17) of the segment surface (14) assigned to the material (22). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step b) a translational and / or rotational relative movement (RB) between the at least one energy beam (80, 82) and the at least one building platform (70) is carried out to direct the energy beam (80, 82) to one of the point of impact (16) to direct different, second point of impact (18), a second predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_2) different from the predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_l) being generated at least on the segment surface (14) by one, the second Second relative angle (z_2) assigned to the surface roughness (Ra_2) between the energy beam (80, 82) and a second surface normal (19) assigned to the second point of impact (18) of the energy beam (80, 82) on the material (22) ) the segment surface (14) is set. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following steps: c) lowering the at least one building platform (70) in layers; d) repeating steps a) to c). 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative angle (z) is set by moving a radiation source (SQ, SQ ') emitting the energy beam (80, 82) translationally and / or rotationally relative to the at least one building platform (70). 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the powder layer (20) is irradiated according to step b) by means of at least two energy beams (80, 82), the energy beams (80, 82) each being emitted by means of an associated radiation source (SQ, SQ 1) and different predetermined ones Target surface roughness (Ra_T, Ra_2 ') by a relative angle (z_G \ z_2') assigned to the respective energy beam (80, 82) between the respective energy beam (80, 82) and the respective point of impact (16, 16 ') of the energy beam (80, 82) is set to the surface normals (17, 17 ') of the segment surface (14) assigned to the material (22). 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized, that the at least two energy beams (80, 82) are used to produce different nominal surface roughness of a component or to produce different nominal surface roughness of at least two different components. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative angle (z) is set in that the at least one building platform (70) is moved in a translatory and / or rotary manner relative to the at least one energy beam (80, 82). 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a minimum roughness value of the target surface roughness (Ra_l) is generated by minimizing the relative angle (z). 9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the energy beam (80, 82) is activated by several energy beams in step b), whose assigned relative angle (z_1 ", z_2 ') has a smaller relative deviation from a predetermined relative angle to achieve a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra G, Ra_2 '). 10. Layered construction device (50) for the additive production of at least one component segment (12) of at least one component (10), in particular for a turbo machine, comprising: - At least one movable building platform (70) which has a build-up and joining zone (60) which is designed to hold at least one powder layer (20) of a material (22) that can be applied to the build-up and joining zone (60); - At least one radiation source (SQ, SQ1) for generating at least one energy beam (80, 82) for at least partial solidification of the powder layer (20) while forming the at least one component segment (12); - at least one movement device (90) which is set up to move the energy beam (80, 82) and / or the construction platform (70); and - at least one control device (100) which is designed to control the movement device (90) for moving the energy beam (80, 82) and / or the construction platform (70), characterized in that the control device (100) is configured to control the movement device (90) in such a way that a relative angle (z) between the energy beam (80) and one point of impact (16) of the energy beam (80) on the material (22 ) assigned surface normals (17) of a segment surface (14) of the component segment (12) is set in order to generate a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_l) of the at least one segment surface (14) of the at least one component segment (12), the relative angle (e.g. ) is assigned to the target surface roughness (Ra_l). 1 1st layer construction device (50) according to claim 10, characterized in that this is designed as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device. 12. Layer construction device according to claim 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the layer construction device (50) at least two radiation sources (SQ, SQ 1) for generating at least two energy beams (80, 82) for at least partially solidifying the powder layer (20) with the formation of at least two component segments (12) with different target surface roughness ( Ra_l ', Ra_2') of a component or with the formation of at least two components with different nominal surface roughness (Ra_P, Ra_2 '). 13. Computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a control device (100) of a layer construction device (50) according to one of claims 10 to 12, cause the layer construction device (50) to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 . 14. Computer-readable storage medium (1 10), comprising instructions which, when executed by a control device (100) of a layer construction device (50) according to one of claims 10 to 12, cause the layer construction device (50), the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 execute. 15. Component (10), in particular for a turbomachine, comprising at least one component segment (12) which is produced by means of a layer construction device (50) according to one of claims 10 to 12 and / or by means of a method according to one of claims 1 to 9 is.