WO2020135087A1 - Communication method, apparatus and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communications, and disclosed thereby are a communication method, apparatus and system, which solve the problem of existing methods not being able to determine a value of an out-of-order message. Specifically, after receiving at least one message from a second device in an MPLS network by means of a transmission link, a first device in the MPLS network identifies a first label in each message, reads a sequence number of each message, and determines quality parameters of the transmission link according to the read sequence numbers. Hence, each message among the at least one message comprises a first label, the first label comprises the sequence number of the message, and the quality parameters comprise at least one of a value of an out-of-order message, a value of a lost message or a value of a repeated message.

Description

Communication method, device and system

This application requires the priority of a Chinese application filed on December 26, 2018 with the application number 201811603171.8 and the invention titled "a communication method, device and system", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical field

This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a communication method, device, and system.

Background technique

In order to ensure the normal operation of the business, the method of simulating packet sending (such as two-way active measurement protocol (TWAMP) technology) is used to detect the transmission link of the multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) network. Quality, or, based on real services (such as IP flow performance measurement (IPFPM) technology) to detect the quality of transmission links in the MPLS network.

TWAMP technology can determine the values of delay, jitter and lost messages, but it cannot determine the values of out-of-order messages, and the technology is not based on business messages and cannot truly reflect the customer's business conditions. IPFPM technology can determine the value and delay of lost packets, but cannot determine the value and jitter of out-of-order packets. In summary, for the MPLS network, the accuracy of the transmission link quality determined by the existing method is low.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a communication method, device, and system, which are used to solve the problem that the existing method cannot determine the value of the out-of-order message.

In order to achieve the above purpose, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which is applied to an MPLS network including a first device and a second device. Specifically, after receiving at least one message from the second device via the transmission link, the first device recognizes the first tag of each message and reads the sequence number of each message, and then, the first device According to the sequence number of each message read, determine the quality parameters of the transmission link. The quality parameter here includes at least one of the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message. Each message in the at least one message received by the first device in the present application includes a first label, and the first label includes a sequence number of the message.

The sequence number of the packet is used to indicate the sequence of the packets sent by the second device. Each packet received by the first device of the present application includes a first label, and the first label includes the sequence number of the packet. After reading the sequence number of each message it receives, the first device can accurately determine the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message or the value of the repeated message, which effectively improves The accuracy of the quality of the transmission link.

In a possible implementation manner of the present application, the method for the first device to determine the value of the out-of-sequence message is: the first device determines the first value (specifically, the report that satisfies the first preset condition in the at least one message Text value), and determine the first value as the value of the out-of-order message. The first preset condition of the present application is: pre-curr<preset threshold, or, curr-pre>preset threshold; where curr represents the sequence of the first message (any one of at least one message) Number, pre represents the sequence number of the second message (the last message of the first message received by the first device), 1<preset threshold<preset maximum sequence number.

This possible implementation method effectively and simply determines the value of the out-of-order message. Of course, the first device in the present application may also determine the value of the out-of-order message according to the sequence number of each message read, which is not specifically limited in this application.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the method by which the first device determines the value of the lost packet is: the first device determines the second value (specifically, a packet that satisfies the second preset condition in at least one packet Value), so that the first device can determine the difference between the values of the out-of-order messages of the second value as the value of the lost message. The second preset condition of the present application is: 1 <curr-pre ≤ preset threshold, or, preset threshold ≤ pre-curr <preset maximum sequence number; where curr represents the first message (at least one message Sequence number of any of the messages), pre means the sequence number of the second message (the last message of the first message received by the first device), 1<preset threshold<preset maximum sequence number .

It is understandable that if the message is lost, the message will be out of order, and the out of order message is just out of order and not lost. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the value of the lost message, the first The device needs to determine the first value and obtain the value of the out-of-order message. Furthermore, the first device determines the difference between the first value and the value of the out-of-order message as the value of the real lost message. This possible implementation method effectively determines the value of the lost message. Of course, the first device in this application can also determine the value of the lost message in other ways according to the sequence number of each message read, which is not specifically limited in this application.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the method for the first device to determine the value of the out-of-order message is: the first device determines the third value (specifically, a report that satisfies the third preset condition in at least one message Text value), and the third value is determined as the value of the repeated message. The third preset condition of this application is curr=pre, where curr represents the sequence number of the first message (any one of at least one message), and pre represents the second message (received by the first device) The sequence number of the previous message of the first message.

For the sending end (such as the second device), the sequence number of each message sent by the sending end is different. Therefore, if the sequence number of a message received by the first device is the same as the sequence number of the previous message received by the first device, it means that the message is the same as the previous message. The text is a repeated message. This possible implementation method effectively determines the value of the repeated message.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the above-mentioned first label further includes a time stamp of the message. Correspondingly, after identifying the first label of each message, the first device can also read each The timestamp of the message, and according to the timestamp of each message, obtain the sending time and the receiving time of each message, and then for each message, the first device compares the receiving time of the message with the message The difference in transmission time of the message is determined as the delay of the message.

Further optionally, the first device may also determine the average delay according to the delay of each message.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, for each message, after calculating the delay of the message, the first device may also compare the delay of the message with the first device The difference in the delay of the last message of the received message is determined as the jitter of the message.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the first device further sends to the second device a communication mode indicating that the first device is capable of processing the first tag and instructing the second device to communicate with the first device , The at least one message is a message sent by the second device to the first device in the communication mode.

The communication mode of this application may be a tunnel mode or a transmission mode. If the communication mode is the tunnel mode, the second device encapsulates the first label for all packets to be sent to the first device. If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the second device treats certain specific messages sent to the first device (such as a message whose transmission address is a preset address, and the transmission address is the source address of the message and/or the destination address of the message ) Encapsulate the first label.

The first device and the second device can use different communication modes for communication, which is well adapted to actual needs.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, each of the foregoing messages further includes a second label used to indicate that the first label does not participate in the calculation of load sharing, and the second label is located at the outer layer of the first label.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the first device may also determine the quality of the transmission link according to at least one of the determined quality parameter, time delay, and jitter.

In summary, in different possible implementations, the first device can determine the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message At least one of may also determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, in the communication method provided by the present application, the first device can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

In a second aspect, a communication device is provided, which can implement the functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof. These functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

In a possible manner of the present application, the communication device may include a receiving unit and a processing unit, and the receiving unit and the processing unit may perform the corresponding functions in the communication method of the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof . For example: a receiving unit, configured to receive at least one message from a second device via a transmission link, each message in the at least one message includes a first label, and the first label includes a sequence number of the message; a processing unit , Used to identify the first label of each message received by the receiving unit, and read the sequence number of each message, and used to determine the quality parameters of the transmission link based on the read sequence number, quality parameters At least one of the values of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message is included.

In a third aspect, a communication method is provided, which is applied to an MPLS network including a first device and a second device. Specifically, the second device receives the indication information sent by the first device to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and indicates the communication mode in which the second device communicates with the first device; In the case of the capability of the first label, the second device encapsulates the first label including the sequence number of the packet for the packet to be sent according to the communication mode indicated by the indication information, and sends the encapsulated packet to the first device . The sequence number of the message in the first label is used by the first device to determine the quality parameter of the transmission link (the link between the first device and the second device), the quality parameter includes the value of the out-of-order message, At least one of the value of the lost message or the value of the repeated message. In this way, after the second device sends the encapsulated message to the first device, the first device can recognize the sequence number in the first tag, and according to the sequence The number determines the quality parameter of the transmission link, which effectively improves the accuracy of the quality of the transmission link.

In a possible implementation manner of the present application, the communication mode of the present application is a tunnel mode or a transmission mode. If the communication mode is the tunnel mode, the packets to be sent are all the packets sent by the second device to the first device. If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the message to be sent is a message whose transmission address (the source address of the message and/or the destination address of the message) in all the messages sent by the second device to the first device is the preset address . If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the second device also determines the message to be sent.

The first device and the second device can use different communication modes for communication, which is well adapted to actual needs.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, if the communication between the second device and the first device is in a target scenario (virtual private network (VPN) scenario or label switching path (LSP) scenario Scenario), the second device also encapsulates a third label for the packet to be sent; where, if the target scenario is a VPN scenario, the third label is a VPN label; if the target scenario is an LSP scenario, the third label is an LSP label. Correspondingly, the method for the second device to encapsulate the first label for the message to be sent is: the second device encapsulates the first label on the outer layer of the third label.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the second device further encapsulates a second label used to indicate that the first label does not participate in the calculation of load sharing for the packet to be sent. The second label is located on the first label. Outer layer.

In another possible implementation manner of the present application, the above-mentioned first tag further includes a time stamp of a message used by the first device to determine at least one of time delay and jitter.

In summary, after encapsulating the first label for the packet to be sent, the second device sends the encapsulated packet to the first device. In different possible implementations, the first device can determine at least one of the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message , The delay of each packet and/or the jitter of each packet may also be determined according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, in the communication method provided by the present application, the first device can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

According to a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which can implement the functions in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof. These functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

In a possible manner of the present application, the communication device may include a receiving unit, a processing unit, and a sending unit, and the receiving unit, the processing unit, and the sending unit may perform the third aspect and any one of its possible implementation manners Corresponding function in the communication method. For example, the receiving unit is used to receive instruction information sent by the first device, the instruction information is used to indicate that the first device has the capability of processing the first tag, and instructs the communication mode in which the second device communicates with the first device; the processing unit , Used to encapsulate the first label for the packet to be sent according to the communication mode indicated by the indication information received by the receiving unit when the second device has the capability of processing the first label, the first label includes the Sequence number. The sequence number of the message is used by the first device to determine the quality parameter of the transmission link. The quality parameter includes at least one of the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message. The transmission link It is a link between the first device and the second device; a sending unit is used to send the encapsulated message obtained by the processing unit to the first device.

According to a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is connected to the processor. The memory is used to store computer instructions. When the processor executes the computer instructions, The communication device executes the communication method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, or executes the communication method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

Optionally, the communication device further includes a transceiver for transmitting and receiving data in the communication method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof under the control of the processor of the communication device , Signaling or information steps, or performing the steps of sending and receiving data, signaling or information in the communication method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, for example, receiving at least one message and sending instructions information.

The communication device may be any node in the MPLS network, such as a service provider edge node or a service provider (Provider, P) node, or may be a part of the device in the MPLS network, such as a chip system in the service provider edge node. The chip system is used to support the service provider edge node to implement the functions involved in the first aspect and any one of its possible implementations, or to perform the functions involved in the above third aspect and any one of its possible implementations, For example, receiving, sending or processing the data and/or information involved in the above communication method. The chip system includes a chip, and may also include other discrete devices or circuit structures.

In a sixth aspect, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein; when the instructions run on the communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the first aspect as described above and various possible implementations thereof The communication method described in the above manner, or the communication method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

According to a seventh aspect, there is also provided a computer program product including instructions, which when executed on a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the communication method described in the first aspect and its various possible implementation manners, or to execute the above The communication method described in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

It should be noted that the above instructions may be stored in whole or in part on the first computer storage medium, where the first computer storage medium may be packaged with the processor of the communication device or separately packaged with the processor of the communication device, This application does not specifically limit this.

For a detailed description of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and various implementations of this application, reference may be made to the detailed descriptions in the first aspect and its various implementations, or the third aspect and its respective implementations For a detailed description in various implementations; and, for the beneficial effects of the fifth aspect, sixth aspect, seventh aspect, and various implementations thereof, reference may be made to the beneficial effects analysis in the first aspect and various implementations thereof, or With reference to the analysis of the beneficial effects in the third aspect and various implementations thereof, it will not be repeated here.

According to an eighth aspect, a communication system is provided, including the communication device described in the second aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, and the communication described in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof Device.

In this application, the names of the above-mentioned communication devices do not limit the devices or function modules themselves. In actual implementation, these devices or function modules may appear under other names. As long as the functions of each device or functional module are similar to this application, they fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies.

These and other aspects of this application will be more concise and understandable in the following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a communication system including an MPLS network provided by an embodiment of this application;

2 is a second structural diagram of a communication system including an MPLS network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

4A is a schematic flowchart 1 of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4B is a second schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a format of a message for adding an EMSTI label in an LSP scenario in an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 6 is a format of a message for adding an EMSTI label in a VPN scenario in an embodiment of this application;

7 is a third schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

8 is a fourth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a schematic diagram of the format of LDP TLV in an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a schematic diagram 1 of a processing flow of a message in an embodiment of the present application;

11 is a schematic flowchart 5 of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a second schematic diagram of a message processing flow in an embodiment of the present application;

13 is a schematic diagram of the format of the RSVP tag request class in the embodiment of the present application;

14 is a schematic diagram of the format of BGP TLV in the embodiment of the present application;

15 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

16 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used as examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiments or design solutions described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner.

In the following, the terms “first” and “second” are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

MPLS is a technology for exchanging and forwarding packets through a label. The label can support multiple protocols, such as label distribution protocol (LDP), open shortest path priority (open shortest path first) , OSPF) protocol, resource reservation protocol (resource reservation protocol (RSVP), border gateway protocol (border gateway protocol, BGP), etc. Therefore, the MPLS network can be understood as a unified forwarding plane suitable for multiple protocols.

In an MPLS network, an MPLS packet may include a label stack (label stack), which is composed of one or more label stack entries (label stack entries). Each label stack entry includes a label field, a priority field (which can be represented by EXP), a bottom field of the stack (which can be represented by S), and a lifetime field (which can be represented by TTL).

Among them, the label field is a relatively short, fixed-length (usually 20 bits), usually only a partial meaning of the identifier (similar to MAC address). The priority field generally occupies 3 bits and is used to indicate the priority of MPLS packets. The bottom field of the stack generally occupies 1 bit and is used to indicate whether the current label is at the bottom of the stack. The lifetime field generally occupies 8 bits and is used to indicate whether the MPLS packet is valid. If the value of the lifetime field is 0, it means that the MPLS packet has expired and should not be forwarded.

The MPLS network includes service provider edge ingress (ingress provider edge, ingress PE) and service provider edge outgoing node (egress provider edge, egress PE). The service provider edge ingress node is connected to the customer edge device (customer edge, CE) of the sending end, and is used to receive the service message sent by the sending end CE, add an MPLS label to the service message, and send the message after adding the MPLS label . The service provider's edge egress node is connected to the receiver's customer edge (CE), which is used to receive MPLS label-added messages, pop the MPLS labels, and send the removed labels to the receiver CE Text.

The service provider edge ingress node and the service provider edge egress node may be routers, and both the sending end CE and the receiving end CE may be routers, switches, or hosts.

Optionally, the MPLS network may further include at least one service provider (Provider, P) node. Node P has basic MPLS forwarding capabilities. The P node may be a router.

When the communication between the service provider edge ingress node, node P, and service provider edge egress node is in a virtual private network (VPN) scenario, after receiving the message carrying the MPLS label sent by the upstream device, the P node directly Forward the message to the downstream device.

When the communication between the service provider edge ingress node, node P, and service provider edge egress node is in the label switching path (LSP) scenario, after receiving the message carrying the MPLS label sent by the upstream device, the P node will The MPLS label is replaced with the MPLS label allocated by the downstream device to the P node, and the updated label message is sent to the downstream device.

Exemplarily, FIG. 1 shows a structure of a communication system including an MPLS network. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes CE1, CE2, service provider edge node 1, service provider edge node 2 and P node, and service provider edge node 1, service provider edge node 2 and P node are all located in the MPLS network. Among them, the service provider edge node 1 is connected to CE 1 and P node, and the service provider edge node 2 is connected to CE 2 and P node.

With reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows another structure of a communication system including an MPLS network. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication system includes CE1, CE2, service provider edge node 1, service provider edge node 2, P node, and a network management system (NMS). Among them, the service provider edge node 1, the service provider edge node 2 and the P node are located in the MPLS network, and the NMS is connected to each node in the MPLS network. NMS manages every node in the MPLS network.

Optionally, in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the service provider edge node 1 may be an edge ingress node of the MPLS network. Correspondingly, the service provider edge node 2 is an edge outgoing node of the MPLS network, and CE 1 is a service message transmission At the end, CE 2 is the receiving end of the service message; the service provider edge node 1 can also be the edge outgoing node of the MPLS network. Correspondingly, the service provider edge node 2 is the edge ingress node of the MPLS network, and CE 1 is the service message. At the receiving end, CE 2 is the sending end of the service message.

The communication between the devices shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 may be in a VPN scenario or an LSP scenario, which is not specifically limited in this application.

It can be understood that the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is only an example, and is not a limitation of the communication system. In practical applications, the structure of the communication system can exist in various forms.

At present, in order to ensure the normal operation of services, TWAMP technology or IPFPM technology is used to detect the quality of transmission links in the MPLS network. However, the accuracy of the transmission link quality determined by TWAMP technology and IPFPM technology is low.

To this end, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, by adding a first label including the sequence number of the message to the message, a node with the function of processing the first label in the MPLS network is implemented (taking the first device as an example) ) According to the sequence number of the message, determine at least one of the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message, which effectively improves the accuracy of the quality of the transmission link.

Further optionally, the first label in the embodiment of the present application may further include a time stamp of the message, so that the first device can determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp of the message.

In summary, in different implementations, the first device can determine at least the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message One can also determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, the communication method provided by the present application can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.

Each device shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, such as CE1, service provider edge node 1, P node, service provider edge node 2, and CE2, all belong to a communication device. In a specific implementation, the communication device has the components shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication device may include at least one processor 31, a memory 32, a communication interface 33, and a communication bus 34. The following describes the components of the communication device in detail with reference to FIG. 3:

The processor 31 is a control center of the communication device, and may be a single processor or a collective name of multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 31 is a central processing unit (CPU), may also be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or configured to implement one or more integrations of the embodiments of the present application Circuits, for example: one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Among them, the processor 31 can execute various functions of the communication device by running or executing the software program stored in the memory 32 and calling the data stored in the memory 32.

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 31 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU 0 and CPU 1 shown in FIG. 3.

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device may include multiple processors, such as the processor 31 and the processor 35 shown in FIG. 3. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-core processor) or a multi-core processor (multi-core processor). The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).

The memory 32 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (random access memory, RAM), or other types of information and instructions that can be stored The dynamic storage device can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable-read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or can be used to carry or store a form of instructions or data structures The desired program code and any other medium that can be accessed by the computer. The memory 32 may exist independently, and is connected to the processor 31 through the communication bus 34. The memory 32 may also be integrated with the processor 31.

The memory 32 is used to store a software program that executes the solution of the present application, and the software program is executed by the processor 31.

The communication interface 33 is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, wireless access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 33 may include a receiving unit to implement a receiving function, and a transmitting unit to implement a transmitting function.

The communication bus 34 may be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, ISA) bus, an external device interconnection (Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus, or the like. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only a thick line is used in FIG. 3, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

It should be noted that the device structure shown in FIG. 3 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. In addition to the components shown in FIG. 3, the communication device may include more or fewer components than the illustration, or a combination Some components, or different component arrangements.

The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 and the communication device shown in FIG. 3. Wherein, each device mentioned in the following method embodiments may have the components shown in FIG. 3, which will not be repeated here.

For ease of description, the subsequent content mainly uses CE 1 in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 as the sending end of the service message, the service provider edge node 1 is the edge ingress node of the MPLS network, and the service provider edge node 2 is the edge egress node of the MPLS network , CE 2 is the receiving end of the service message as an example.

FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4A, the method may include:

S400. The first device sends instruction information to the second device.

The instruction information is used to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and instruct the communication mode in which the second device communicates with the first device.

Similar to the MPLS label, the first label in the embodiment of the present application includes a priority field, a stack bottom field, and a lifetime field. The priority field, the bottom of the stack field, and the lifetime field can refer to the above description of the MPLS label stack entry, which will not be described in detail here.

In addition to the priority field, the bottom of the stack field, and the lifetime field, the first label also includes a sequence number field of the message. The sequence number field of the message is used to indicate the sequence number of the message. For the sending end (such as the second device), the sequence numbers of the packets sent by the sending end are arranged in order from small to large or from large to small.

For ease of understanding, the embodiment of the present application takes the sending end as an example to send the messages in the order of the sequence number from small to large.

Exemplarily, the length of the sequence number field of the message is 32 bits.

Optionally, the first label may further include a timestamp field, which is used to record the sending time and receiving time of the packet.

Exemplarily, the length of the timestamp field is 32 bits.

In a specific embodiment, the communication mode between the first device and the second device is a tunnel mode or a transmission mode. If the communication mode is the tunnel mode, the second device encapsulates the first label on all packets sent to the first device. If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the second device encapsulates the first label in all messages sent by the second device to the first device with the transmission address of the preset address, where the transmission address is the source address and /Or the destination address of the message.

The first device in the embodiment of the present application may be a service provider edge egress node, or may be a P node in an MPLS network.

Specifically, in the scenario where there is no P node in the MPLS network, the first device is the service provider edge outgoing node, and the second device is the service provider edge ingress node.

In a scenario where multiple P nodes exist in the MPLS network, the first device may be a service provider edge egress node, and the second device may be an upstream node of the service provider edge egress node (that is, a P node connected to the service provider edge egress node); The first device may also be a certain P node, and the second device may be an upstream node of the P node (the upstream node may be another P node or a service provider edge entry node); the first device may also be a service provider edge Outgoing node, the second device is the service provider edge ingress node (at this time, the P node in the MPLS network does not have the ability to process the first label), of course, the first device and the second device can also be in other forms, here is no longer Repeat them one by one.

Optionally, the indication information includes first information for indicating that the first device is capable of processing the first tag and second information for indicating that the second device communicates with the first device according to the communication mode.

In one implementation, the method for the first device to send the indication information to the second device is: the first device sends the first information to the second device; correspondingly, the second device determines that it also has the ability to process the first tag After that, a reply message is sent to the first device to notify the first device that the second device is capable of processing the first tag; after that, the first device determines the second information and sends the second information to the second device.

In another implementation manner, the method for the first device to send the indication information to the second device is: the first device sends a message 1 including the first information and the second information to the second device.

S401. When the second device is capable of processing the first tag, the second device sends a confirmation message to the first device.

If the first device sends the first information and the second information to the second device, after receiving the first information, the second device has sent to the first device a message indicating that the second device is capable of processing the first tag Reply message. Correspondingly, after receiving the second information, the second device may send a confirmation message indicating that the second device will communicate with the first device according to the communication mode indicated by the second information. Optionally, the confirmation message is an ACK message or a message including an OK field, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

If the first device sends the first information and the second information to the second device at the same time, after receiving the message 1, the second device determines whether it has the capability of processing the first tag. If the second device is capable of processing the first tag, the second device sends a confirmation message to the first device, the confirmation message is used to indicate that the second device is capable of processing the first tag, and the second device will be based on the second information The indicated communication mode communicates with the first device. If the second device does not have the capability to process the first label, the second device is a P node in the MPLS network, and both the upstream node and the downstream node of the node have the capability to process the first label, the P node needs Send "type-length-value (TLV) of the first label processed by the downstream node" to the upstream node, so as to facilitate the negotiation of the communication mode between the upstream node and the downstream node. In this case, you can The upstream node is regarded as a second device, and the downstream node is regarded as a first device. The case where the second device does not have the capability of processing the first label and the second device is a service provider edge ingress node in the MPLS network is not applicable to the embodiment of the present application, and will not be described.

S402. The second device encapsulates the first label for each packet to be sent according to the communication mode indicated by the indication information.

It can be known from the foregoing description that if the communication mode indicated by the indication information is the tunnel mode, the second device encapsulates the first label on all packets sent to the first device. Therefore, after S401, the second device determines each message sent to the first device as a message to be sent, and encapsulates a first label for each message to be sent.

If the communication mode indicated by the indication information is the transmission mode, the second device encapsulates the first label in all the messages sent by the second device to the first device with the transmission address of the preset address. Therefore, after S401, the second device needs to first determine the message to be sent from all the messages sent to the first device, and then, the second device encapsulates the first label for each message to be sent.

For the content of the first label, reference may be made to the description in S400 above, and details are not repeated here.

It can be seen from the above description that the communication between the first device and the second device may be in an LSP scenario or a VPN scenario. Specifically, if the communication between the first device and the second device is in an LSP scenario, the second device also encapsulates an LSP label for each packet to be sent; if the communication between the first device and the second device is in a VPN scenario, the first The second device also encapsulates a VPN label for each packet to be sent.

Wherein, the second device encapsulates the LSP label (or VPN label) for each message to be sent as the prior art, for details, reference may be made to the description of the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

In an implementation manner, when the communication between the first device and the second device is in an LSP scenario, the second device encapsulates the first label on the outer layer of the LSP label of each packet to be sent; when the first device and the second device When the communication between the two devices is in a VPN scenario, the second device encapsulates the first label on the outer layer of the VPN label of each packet to be sent.

S403 (optional). The second device encapsulates a second label for each message to be sent.

The second label is used to indicate that the first label does not participate in the calculation of load sharing. In this way, after receiving the packet encapsulated with the second label, other nodes in the MPLS network do not use the first label for the calculation of load sharing. Among them, the calculation of load sharing by the nodes is the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

Optionally, the second label belongs to the reserved label, for example, the second label is the reserved label 11.

In a specific implementation, the second device encapsulates the second label on the outer layer of the first label.

If the combination of the first label and the second label is called an enhanced MPLS service exchange index (enhanced MPLS service transmission index, EMSTI) label, FIG. 5 shows the format of the packet in which the second device encapsulates the EMSTI label in the LSP scenario FIG. 6 shows the format of the packet in which the second device encapsulates the EMSTI label in the VPN scenario. In addition to the EMSTI label, the packets shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 also include a public network destination address (DA) field, a public network source address (source) address (SA) field, and a virtual local area network (virtual local area network). VLAN) ID, 8847 field, LSP label, VPN label, payload and cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC) field. For the definition of the above-mentioned fields, reference may be made to the definition of the field of the message in the existing MPLS network, which will not be repeated here.

S404. The second device sends at least one encapsulated message to the first device through the transmission link.

Correspondingly, the first device receives at least one message from the second device via the transmission link. Each message received by the first device includes the first label. Optionally, each packet received by the first device further includes a second label.

S405. The first device recognizes the first label of each message, and reads the sequence number of each message in the at least one message.

As can be seen from the above description, the first label includes the sequence number field of the message, therefore, after identifying the first label of each message, the first device can read the sequence number of each message in at least one message.

S406. The first device determines the quality parameter of the transmission link according to the sequence number of each message read.

The transmission link is a link between the first device and the second device, and the quality parameter of the transmission link includes at least one of the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message.

The method for the first device to determine the value of the out-of-order message may be: the first device determines the value of the message that meets the first preset condition (that is, the first value) in at least one message as the value of the out-of-order message.

The first preset condition is: pre-curr<preset threshold, or curr-pre>preset threshold. Curr here means the sequence number of the first message (any one of the at least one message), and pre means the sequence number of the second message (the last message of the first message received by the first device) , 1<preset threshold<preset maximum serial number.

The preset threshold value of the present application may be the flip length value of the serial number. As can be seen from the above description, the sequence number field of the message in the first label occupies 32 bits, so that the preset maximum sequence number may be 4294967295 (0xffffffff). The sequence number of the packet has a maximum value and a minimum value. If the sequence number of the current packet sent by the second device is the preset maximum sequence number, the sequence number of the next packet sent by the second device should be the preset The minimum sequence number, therefore, the sequence number of the message may be reversed. Correspondingly, the flip length of the sequence number can be set to a preset threshold, that is, the value of the default continuous out-of-order packets will not exceed the preset threshold. Exemplarily, the preset threshold is 2147483647 (0x7fffffff).

Of course, the first device in the embodiment of the present application may also use other methods to determine the value of the out-of-sequence message, which will not be repeated here.

The method for the first device to determine the value of the lost message may be: the first device determines the value of the message that satisfies the second preset condition (that is, the second value) in at least one message, and obtains the value of the out-of-order message ( For the acquisition of this value, please refer to the above description), so that the first device can determine the difference between the second value and the value of the out-of-order message as the value of the lost message.

Wherein, the second preset condition is: 1<curr-pre≤preset threshold, or, preset threshold≤pre-curr<preset maximum sequence number. The definition of curr and pre here can refer to the above description, and the value range of the preset threshold can also refer to the above description, which will not be described in detail here.

It is understandable that if the message is lost, the message will be out of order, and the out of order message is just out of order and not lost. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the value of the lost message, the first After the device determines the first value, it also needs to obtain the value of the out-of-order message. Furthermore, the first device determines the difference between the first value and the value of the out-of-order message as the value of the real lost message.

Optionally, the above “method for the first device to determine the second value may be: if 1<curr-pre≦the preset threshold, the first device updates the second value k to: the stored value of k+curr- pre-1, that is, k+=curr-pre-1; if the preset threshold ≤pre-curr<preset maximum sequence number, the first device updates the second value k to: the stored value of k+preset Maximum sequence number +curr-pre, that is k+=preset maximum sequence number+curr-pre, the initial value of the second value is 0.

The method for the first device to determine the value of the repeated message may be: the first device determines the value of the message that satisfies the third preset condition (that is, the third value) in at least one message, and determines the value as the repeated message Value.

The third preset condition is curr=pre. For the definition of curr and pre, please refer to the above description, and no more details will be given here.

Optionally, the method for the first device to determine the third value is: if curr=pre, the first device updates the third value to: the stored third value +1, and the initial value of the third value is 0.

Further optionally, the first label in the embodiment of the present application may further include a time stamp. In this case, the first device can also read the time stamp of each message to obtain the sending time and receiving time of each message, and then determine the delay and jitter according to the sending time and receiving time of each message At least one.

With reference to FIG. 4A and as shown in FIG. 4B, in addition to S400-S406, the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application may further include:

S407 (optional), the first device reads the time stamp of each message.

S408 (optional). The first device obtains the sending time and receiving time of each message according to the time stamp of each message, and determines the delay and/or jitter.

Optionally, for each message, the first device determines the difference between the reception time of the message and the transmission time of the message as the delay of the message.

Exemplarily, if the first device receives 4 packets, the 4 packets are: packet a, packet b, packet c, and packet d; Arrive[a] indicates the reception time of packet a , Send[a] means the sending time of message a, Arrive[b] means the receiving time of message b, Send[b] means the sending time of message b, Arrive[c] means the receiving time of message c, Send [c] indicates the sending time of packet c, Arrive[d] indicates the receiving time of packet d, and Send[d] indicates the sending time of packet d, then the first device calculates the delay T1 of packet a and the packet The delay T2 of b, the delay T3 of message c, and the delay of message d are: T1=Arrive[a]-Send[a], T2=Arrive[b]-Send[b], T3=Arrive [c]-Send[c], T4=Arrive[d]-Send[d].

Of course, the first device can also calculate the average delay T, for example:

T={(Arrive[a]-Send[a])+(Arrive[b]-Send[b])+(Arrive[c]-Send[c])+(Arrive[d]-Send[d]) }/4

Optionally, for each message, the first device determines the difference between the delay of the message and the delay of the last message of the message received by the first device as the value of the message Jitter.

Exemplarily, if the first device receives message a and message b in sequence, J[a] is used to represent the delay of message a, and J[b] is the delay of message b, where J[a] =Arrive[a]-Send[a], J[b]=Arrive[b]-Send[b], then the first device calculates jitter D=J[b]-J[a].

Since S407 and S408 are optional steps, they are indicated by broken lines in FIG. 4B.

In summary, in different possible implementations, the first device can determine the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message At least one of may also determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, in the communication method provided by the present application, the first device can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

Further optionally, in the communication system shown in FIG. 2, after determining the relevant parameters (such as the above-mentioned quality parameters, time delay, and jitter), the first device may also determine the quality of the transmission link according to the determined parameters, And send the quality of the transmission link to the NMS, so that the NMS operation and maintenance personnel can maintain the first device or the second device in time.

Alternatively, after determining the relevant parameters (such as the above-mentioned quality parameters, delay, and jitter), the first device may also send the determined parameters to the NMS, so that the NMS can determine the quality of the transmission link according to the parameters, thereby making the NMS Of O&M personnel timely maintain the first device or the second device.

4B, as shown in FIG. 7, the communication method provided in this embodiment of the present application may further include S701 or S702:

S701. The first device sends the determined parameter to the NMS.

S702. The first device determines the quality of the transmission link according to the determined parameters, and sends the quality of the transmission link to the NMS.

Optionally, if the first device determines the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, the value of the lost message, the delay, and the jitter, the first device may use the preset weight value for each parameter To calculate the quality of the transmission link. Of course, the first device may also use other methods to determine the quality of the transmission link, which will not be repeated here.

In summary, in different possible implementations, the first device can determine the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message At least one of may also determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, in the communication method provided by the present application, the first device can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

In order to more clearly understand the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the communication method will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 and 11 below.

The processes shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 are described by encapsulating the first label and the second label (that is, the EMSTI label) for the message, and the first label includes the sequence number and time stamp of the message as an example.

Take the MPLS network including PE1, P node and PE2 as an example to illustrate, PE1 represents the service provider edge ingress node, PE2 represents the service provider edge egress node, P node represents the intermediate node between PE1 and PE2, P The nodes are connected to PE1 and PE2. The transmission link between P node and PE 1 is transmission link 1, and the transmission link between P node and PE 2 is transmission link 2.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The process shown in FIG. 8 is applicable to labels supporting LDP in an MPLS network, and the communication between PE 1, P nodes, and PE 2 is in an LSP scenario.

As shown in FIG. 8, the communication method may include:

S800. Node P sends instruction information 1 to PE 1, and PE 2 sends instruction information 2 to P node.

The indication information 1 is used to indicate that the P node has the capability of processing the first label, and indicates the communication mode in which the P node communicates with the PE 1.

The indication information 2 is used to indicate that PE 2 has the capability of processing the first label, and indicates the communication mode in which the P node communicates with PE 2.

When the P node sends indication information 1 to PE 1, the P node is the first device described above, and PE 1 is the second device described above. When PE 2 sends instruction information 2 to the P node, the P node is the above-mentioned second device, and PE 2 is the above-mentioned first device.

For the process of the P node sending the indication information 1 to the PE 1 and the process of the PE 2 sending the indication information 2 to the P node, reference may be made to the description of S400 above, and no more details will be given here.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the execution order of “P node sends instruction information 1 to PE 1” and “PE 2 sends instruction information 2 to P node 1”.

Optionally, the indication information 1/indication information 2 is carried in LSP signaling.

Exemplarily, an LDP TLV is added to the LSP signaling, and the LDP TLV is used to carry indication information 1/indication information 2, and is used to identify that the device has the capability of processing the first label. Figure 9 shows the format of LDP TLV.

In Fig. 9, "U" indicates an unknown bit, and its value is set to 1. If the receiving device does not recognize the LDP TLV, the receiving device ignores the LDP TLV; "F" indicates the forward bit (Forward bit), The value is set to 1. If the receiving device is the LDP TLV, the receiving device hops forward the LDP to the upstream device; "Type" indicates the type of the first label; "Length" indicates the length of the LDP TLV; "Mode" indicates The communication mode between the sending device and the receiving device, for example, 0x00 indicates the tunnel mode, and 0x01 indicates the transmission mode. When the communication mode between the sending device and the receiving device is the tunnel mode, the 1/2/3/4/5/6/7 fields are set to 0, indicating that no distinction is made between the characteristics of the service flow, and all packets entering the tunnel are The first label is processed. When the communication mode between the sending device and the receiving device is the transmission mode, the 0/1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9 field can be set to 1, and the field set to 1 indicates that in the service flow Of this field is valid.

S801. PE 1 sends a confirmation message 1 to the P node, and the P node sends a confirmation message 2 to the PE 2.

The embodiment of the present application does not limit the execution order of “PE 1 sends a confirmation message 1 to P node” and “P node sends a confirmation message 2 to PE 2”.

S802. According to the communication mode indicated by the indication information 1, after acquiring the message a, PE 1 encapsulates the LSP label 1 and the EMSTI label 1 for the message a to generate the message b.

PE 1 is a method for encapsulating LSP label 1 for message a. Refer to the method for encapsulating LSP label in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

PE1 encapsulates EMSTI label 1 for message a, and EMSTI label 1 is located on the outer layer of LSP label 1.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 10, message a includes payload, private network SA, and private network DA. After obtaining message a, PE 1 encapsulates message a with LSP label 1 and EMSTI label 1 to generate Packet b. At this time, packet b includes payload, LSP label 1, EMSTI label 1, public network SA, and public network DA.

S803, PE sends a message b to the P node.

S804. The P node recognizes and strips the EMSTI label 1, and determines the quality parameter of the transmission link 1 according to the serial number and time stamp in the EMSTI label 1.

If the quality parameters of transmission link 1 include the values of out-of-order messages, the values of lost messages, the values of repeated messages, delay and jitter, then the method for the P node to determine the values of out-of-order messages can refer to the above S406 For description, the method for determining the value of the lost message and the repeated message by the P node can refer to the description in S407 above, and the method for determining the delay and jitter in the P node can refer to the description in S408 and S409 above, which will not be described in detail here.

S805. The P node replaces LSP label 1 with LSP label 2, and adds EMSTI label 2 to generate a message c.

For the method of replacing the LSP label 1 with the LSP label 2 by the P node, reference may be made to the method of exchanging the LSP label by the P node in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 10, after receiving the message b, the P node exchanges the LSP label and the EMSTI label in the message b to generate the message c, and the message c includes the payload, the LSP label 2, EMSTI label 2, public network SA and public network DA.

S806. The P node sends a message c to PE 2.

S807. PE 2 identifies and strips the EMSTI label 2, and determines the quality parameter of the transmission link 2 according to the sequence number and time stamp fields in the EMSTI label 2.

If the quality parameters of transmission link 2 include the values of out-of-order messages, the values of lost messages, the values of repeated messages, delay and jitter, then PE 2 can refer to the above method for determining the values of out-of-order messages For description, the method for PE 2 to determine the value of the lost message and the repeated message can refer to the description in S407 above, and the method for PE 2 to determine the delay and jitter can refer to the description in S408 and S409 above, which will not be described in detail here.

S808, PE 2 strips the LSP label 2 to obtain the message a.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 10, after receiving the message c, PE 2 strips the LSP label and the EMSTI label in the message c to obtain the message a.

Further optionally, after determining the quality parameter of the transmission link 1 (that is, after S804), the P node may also send the quality parameter of the transmission link 1 to the NMS; after determining the quality parameter of the transmission link 2 (that is, after S807) ), PE 2 can also send the quality parameters of transmission link 2 to the NMS.

As shown in FIG. 8, the communication method provided in this embodiment of the present application may further include S809 after S804, and may further include S810 after S807.

S809 (optional), the P node sends the quality parameter of the transmission link 1 to the NMS.

S810 (optional), PE 2 sends the quality parameters of transmission link 2 to the NMS.

Since S809 and S810 are optional, they are indicated by dotted boxes in FIG. 8.

In addition, when the label in the MPLS network supports LSP, the communication between PE 1, P nodes, and PE 2 can also be in a VPN scenario. In a VPN scenario, PE 1 and PE 1 need to process the first label, and the P node does not need to recognize the first label.

FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application in this situation. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication method may include:

S110. PE 2 sends instruction information to PE 1.

The process of sending instruction information from PE 2 to PE 1 can refer to the description of S400 above, and details are not repeated here.

The indication information may be carried in the LDP TLV of the LSP signaling, where the LDP TLV may refer to the description of S800 above or the format of FIG. 9 and will not be described in detail here.

S111. PE1 sends a confirmation message to PE2.

For S111, reference may be made to the description of S401 above, and details are not described herein again.

S112. According to the communication mode indicated by the indication information, after acquiring the message x, PE 1 encapsulates the VPN label, LSP label 1, and EMSTI label for the message x to generate the message y.

For the method of encapsulating the VPN label by PE 1 for message x, please refer to the method of encapsulating the VPN label in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

The method of encapsulating LSP label 1 by PE 1 for message x can refer to the method of encapsulating LSP label in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

PE1 is the message x encapsulated EMSTI label, and the EMSTI label is located on the outer layer of LSP label 1.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 12, packet x includes payload, private network SA, and private network DA. After obtaining packet x, PE 1 encapsulates packet x with VPN label, LSP label 1, and EMSTI label. To generate a message y, at this time, the message y includes a payload, a VPN label, an EMSTI label, an LSP label 1, a public network SA, and a public network DA.

S113. PE1 sends a message y to the P node.

S114. The P node replaces LSP label 1 with LSP label 2 to generate a message z.

For the method of replacing the LSP label 1 with the LSP label 2 by the P node, reference may be made to the method of exchanging the LSP label by the P node in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 12, after receiving the message y, the P node exchanges the LSP label in the message y to generate a message z, and the message z includes a payload, a VPN label, an EMSTI label, and an LSP Label 2, public network SA and public network DA.

S115. The P node sends a message z to PE 2.

S116. PE 2 recognizes and strips the EMSTI label, and determines the quality parameters of the transmission link between PE 1 and PE 2 according to the serial number and time stamp field in the EMSTI label.

If the quality parameters of the transmission link between PE 1 and PE 2 include the values of out-of-order packets, the values of lost packets, the values of repeated packets, delay and jitter, PE 2 determines the values of out-of-order packets The method can refer to the description of S406 above, the method of PE 2 to determine the value of the lost packet and the repeated message can refer to the description of S407 above, and the method of PE 2 to determine the delay and jitter can refer to the description of S408 and S409 above, not here I will repeat them in detail.

S117, PE 2 strips the VPN label and LSP label 2 to obtain the message x.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 12, after receiving the message z, PE 2 strips the VPN label, EMSTI label, and LSP label 2 in the message z to obtain the message x.

Further optionally, after determining the quality parameter of the transmission link between PE 1 and PE 2 (that is, after S116), PE 2 may also send the quality parameter of the transmission link to the NMS.

As shown in FIG. 11, the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include S118 after S116.

S118 (optional), PE 2 sends the quality parameters of the transmission link between PE 1 and PE 2 to the NMS.

Since S118 is optional, it is indicated by a dotted box in FIG. 11.

As can be seen from the above description, the label in the MPLS network can support LDP, and can also support RSVP or BGP.

When the label in the MPLS network supports RSVP, the communication between devices in the MPLS network can only be in the LSP scenario. The flow of the communication method shown in FIG. 8 is also applicable to this scenario.

The difference is that when the label in the MPLS network supports RSVP, the indication information 1/indication information 2 is carried in RSVP signaling.

Exemplarily, an RSVP label request class is added to RSVP signaling. The RSVP label request class is used to carry indication information 1/indication information 2, and is used to identify that the device has the capability of processing the first tag. Figure 13 shows the format of the RSVP tag request class.

As shown in FIG. 13, the RSVP tag request class includes a reserved field and a flow ID (flow ID) field. When sending a message, the value of the reserved field is set to 0. The flow identifier is used by the first node of the packet to dynamically apply according to the characteristics of the IP flow, and is used to identify the service flow. If the value of the flow identifier is 0, the receiving device performs EMSTI label processing on all packets sent by the sending device.

When the label in the MPLS network supports BGP, the communication between the devices in the MPLS network can be in an LSP scenario or a VPN scenario.

The flow of the communication method shown in FIG. 8 is also applicable to the label in the MPLS network supporting BGP, and the communication between devices in the MPLS network is in an LSP scenario.

The flow of the communication method shown in FIG. 11 is also applicable to the label in the MPLS network supporting BGP, and the communication between devices in the MPLS network is in a VPN scenario.

The difference is that when the label in the MPLS network supports BGP, the indication information 1/indication information 2/indication information is carried in BGP signaling.

Exemplarily, BGP signaling adds BGP TLV, which is used to carry indication information 1/indication information 2/indication information, and is used to identify that the device has the capability of processing the first label. Figure 14 shows the format of BGP TLV.

In Figure 14, a flag indicates optional delivery. A node may not have the ability to process the first label. If a node does not have the ability to handle the first label, the node also needs to pass the BGP TLV to other peers Body (such as upstream device); type (type) indicates the type of the first label; length (length) indicates the length of the BGP TLV; mode (mode) indicates the communication mode between the sending device and the receiving device, exemplary, 0x00 Indicates the tunnel mode, and 0x01 indicates the transmission mode. When the communication mode between the sending device and the receiving device is the tunnel mode, the 1/2/3/4/5/6/7 fields are set to 0, indicating that no distinction is made between the characteristics of the service flow, and all packets entering the tunnel are The first label is processed.

In summary, in different possible implementations, the first device can determine the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the repeated message, or the value of the lost message according to the sequence number in the first label of each message At least one of may also determine the delay and/or jitter according to the time stamp in the first label of each packet. Compared with the prior art, in the communication method provided by the present application, the first device can determine more parameters, which effectively improves the accuracy of the transmission link quality.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which may be any node in an MPLS network (such as a service provider edge node or a P node), or may be a partial device of a node in an MPLS network, for example, such as a service provider edge The chip system in the node (or P node). Optionally, the chip system is used to support nodes in the MPLS network to implement the functions involved in the above method embodiments, for example, to receive, send, or process the data and/or information involved in the above methods. The chip system includes a chip, and may also include other discrete devices or circuit structures.

The communication device is used to perform the steps performed by the first device in the above communication method. The communication apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application may include modules corresponding to corresponding steps.

The embodiments of the present application may divide the functional modules of the communication apparatus according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules. The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner.

In the case where each function module is divided corresponding to each function, FIG. 15 shows a possible structural diagram of the communication device in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication device 15 includes a receiving unit 150 and a processing unit 151.

The receiving unit 150 is used to support the communication device to perform the receiving operations shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B or FIG. 7, such as S401, S404, etc., and/or other processes for the technology described herein.

The processing unit 151 is used to support the communication device to perform the identification, reading, and determination operations shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7, such as S405, S406, S407, S408, and/or the like. Other processes of the described technology.

Wherein, all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referred to the function description of the corresponding function module, which will not be repeated here. Of course, the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned modules. For example, the communication device may further include a sending unit 152 and a storage unit 153. The sending unit 152 may be used to support the communication device to perform the sending operations shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7, such as S400, S701, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein. The storage unit 153 may be used to store program codes and data of the communication device.

The physical block diagram of the communication device provided in this application may refer to FIG. 3 described above. The above processing unit 151 may be the processor 31 in FIG. 3, the sending unit 152 and the receiving unit 150 may be the communication interface 33 in FIG. 3, and the storage unit 153 may be the memory 32 in FIG. 3.

Another embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions, and when the instructions run on the communication device, the communication device executes as shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7. The steps of the first device in the communication method of the illustrated embodiment.

In another embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the communication device may be readable from the computer The storage medium reads the computer-executed instruction, and the processor executes the computer-executed instruction to cause the communication device to execute the steps of the first device in the communication method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which may be any node in an MPLS network (such as a service provider edge node or a P node), or may be a partial device of a node in an MPLS network, for example, such as a service provider edge The chip system in the node (or P node). Optionally, the chip system is used to support nodes in the MPLS network to implement the functions involved in the above method embodiments, for example, to receive, send, or process the data and/or information involved in the above methods. The chip system includes a chip, and may also include other discrete devices or circuit structures.

The communication device is used to perform the steps performed by the second device in the above communication method. The communication apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application may include modules corresponding to corresponding steps.

The embodiments of the present application may divide the functional modules of the communication apparatus according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules. The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner.

In the case where each functional module is divided corresponding to each function, FIG. 16 shows a possible structural schematic diagram of the communication device in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 16, the communication device 16 includes a processing unit 161, a sending unit 162 and a receiving unit 163.

The processing unit 161 is used to support the communication device to perform the operations such as the packaging shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7, such as S402, S403, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.

The sending unit 162 is used to support the communication device to perform the sending operations shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7, such as S401, S404, etc., and/or other processes for the technology described herein.

The receiving unit 163 may be used to support the communication device to perform the receiving operations shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7, for example, S400, etc., and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.

Wherein, all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referred to the function description of the corresponding function module, which will not be repeated here. Of course, the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned modules, for example, the communication device may further include a storage unit 164. The storage unit 164 may be used to store program codes and data of the communication device.

The physical block diagram of the communication device provided in this application may refer to FIG. 3 described above. The above processing unit 161 may be the processor 31 in FIG. 3, the sending unit 162 and the receiving unit 163 may be the communication interface 33 in FIG. 3, and the storage unit 164 may be the memory 32 in FIG. 3.

Another embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions, and when the instructions run on the communication device, the communication device executes as shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7. The steps of the second device in the communication method of the illustrated embodiment.

In another embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the communication device may be readable from the computer The storage medium reads the computer-executed instruction, and the processor executes the computer-executed instruction to cause the communication device to execute the steps of the second device in the communication method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, or FIG. 7.

In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it may appear in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g. Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) to another website, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data terminal including one or more available medium integrated servers, data centers, and the like. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), or a semiconductor medium (eg, solid state disk (SSD)), or the like.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and conciseness of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional module is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned functions can be allocated as needed Completed by different functional modules, that is, dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, there may be other divisions, for example, multiple units or components may be The combination can either be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed in multiple different places . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function unit.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may essentially be part of or contribute to the prior art or all or part of the technical solutions may be embodied in the form of software products, which are stored in a storage medium In it, several instructions are included to enable a device (which may be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

The above is only the specific implementation of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this, any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application . Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (28)

1. A communication method characterized by being applied to a multi-protocol label switching MPLS network, where the MPLS network includes a first device and a second device, and the communication method includes:

   The first device receives at least one message from the second device via a transmission link, each message in the at least one message includes a first label, and the first label includes a sequence of messages number;

   The first device recognizes the first label of each message and reads the serial number of each message;

   The first device determines the quality parameter of the transmission link according to the sequence number of each message, where the quality parameter includes the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message, or the value of the repeated message At least one.
2. The communication method according to claim 1, wherein the value of the out-of-order message is obtained by the first device according to the following process:

   The first device determines a first value, the first value is a value of a message that satisfies a first preset condition in the at least one message, and the first preset condition is: pre-curr<preset Threshold, or, curr-pre>preset threshold; curr represents the sequence number of the first message, the first message is any one of the at least one message, and pre represents the sequence of the second message No., the second message is the last message of the first message received by the first device, 1<the preset threshold value<the preset maximum sequence number;

   The first device determines the first value as the value of the out-of-order message.
3. The communication method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the value of the lost packet is obtained by the first device according to the following procedure:

   The first device determines a second value according to the sequence number of each message, the second value is a value of a message that satisfies a second preset condition in the at least one message, the second The preset condition is: 1<curr-pre≤preset threshold, or, preset threshold≤pre-curr<preset maximum sequence number; curr represents the sequence number of the first message, and the first message is all Any one of the at least one message, pre indicates the sequence number of the second message, the second message is the last message of the first message received by the first device, 1 <the preset threshold value<the preset maximum serial number;

   The first device determines the difference between the second value and the value of the out-of-order message as the value of the lost message.
4. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the value of the repeated message is obtained by the first device according to the following procedure:

   The first device determines a third value according to the sequence number of each message, where the third value is the value of a message that satisfies a third preset condition in the at least one message, and the third The preset condition is: curr=pre, curr represents the sequence number of the first message, the first message is any one of the at least one message, and pre represents the sequence number of the second message. The second message is the last message of the first message received by the first device;

   The first device determines the third value as the value of the repeated message.
5. The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first label further includes a time stamp of the message; the communication method further includes:

   The first device reads the time stamp of each message;

   The first device obtains the sending time and receiving time of each message according to the time stamp of each message;

   For each message, the first device determines the difference between the reception time of the message and the transmission time of the message as the delay of the message.
6. The communication method according to claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:

   For each packet, the first device determines the difference between the delay of the packet and the delay of the last packet of the packet received by the first device as the packet The text shakes.
7. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the communication method further comprises:

   The first device sends instruction information to the second device; the instruction information is used to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and indicates the second device and the first device A communication mode in which communication is performed; the at least one message is a message sent by the second device to the first device according to the communication mode.
8. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein each message further includes a second label, the second label is located on an outer layer of the first label, and the first The second label is used to indicate that the first label does not participate in the calculation of load sharing.
9. A communication method, characterized in that it is applied to a multi-protocol label switching MPLS network, the MPLS network includes a first device and a second device; the communication method includes:

   The second device receives indication information sent by the first device, the indication information is used to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and indicates that the second device and the first device The communication mode in which the device communicates;

   When the second device is capable of processing the first label, the second device encapsulates the first label for the packet to be sent according to the communication mode, and the first label includes the Sequence number, the sequence number of the message is used by the first device to determine the quality parameter of the transmission link, the quality parameter includes the value of the out-of-order message, the value of the lost message or the value of the repeated message At least one, the transmission link is a link between the first device and the second device;

   The second device sends the encapsulated message to the first device.
10. The communication method according to claim 9, wherein the communication mode is a tunnel mode or a transmission mode;

    If the communication mode is the tunnel mode, the packets to be sent are all packets sent by the second device to the first device;

    If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the message to be sent is a message whose transmission address is a preset address in all messages sent by the second device to the first device, and the transmission address Is the source address of the message and/or the destination address of the message.
11. The communication method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the method further comprises:

    If the communication between the second device and the first device is in a target scenario, the second device encapsulates a third label for the packet to be sent; wherein, the target scenario is a virtual private network VPN scenario or label Switch path LSP scenario; if the target scenario is a VPN scenario, the third label is a VPN label; if the target scenario is an LSP scenario, the third label is an LSP label;

    The second device encapsulating the first label for the message to be sent specifically includes:

    The second device encapsulates the first label on the outer layer of the third label.
12. The communication method according to any one of claims 9-11, wherein the method further comprises:

    The second device encapsulates a second label for the message to be sent, the second label is located at an outer layer of the first label, and the second label is used to indicate that the first label does not participate in load sharing Calculation.
13. The communication method according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that

    The first label further includes a time stamp of the message, and the time stamp of the message is used by the first device to determine at least one of time delay and jitter.
14. A communication device characterized by being applied to a multi-protocol label switching MPLS network. The MPLS network includes a first device and a second device. The communication device is the first device. The communication device includes:

    A receiving unit, configured to receive at least one message from the second device via a transmission link, each message in the at least one message includes a first label, and the first label includes a sequence of messages number;

    The processing unit is configured to identify the first label of each message received by the receiving unit, and read the sequence number of each message, and determine according to the sequence number of each message A quality parameter of the transmission link, the quality parameter includes at least one of a value of out-of-order messages, a value of a lost message, or a value of a repeated message.
15. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein when the quality parameter includes the value of the out-of-order message, the processing unit is specifically configured to:

    Determining a first value, the first value is a value of a message that satisfies a first preset condition in the at least one message, the first preset condition is: pre-curr<preset threshold, or, curr -pre>preset threshold; curr means the sequence number of the first message, the first message is any one of the at least one message, pre means the sequence number of the second message, the first The second message is the last message of the first message received by the receiving unit, 1<the preset threshold value<the preset maximum sequence number;

    The first value is determined as the value of the out-of-order message.
16. The communication device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein when the quality parameter includes the value of the lost packet, the processing unit is specifically configured to:

    A second value is determined according to the sequence number of each message, and the second value is a value of a message that satisfies a second preset condition in the at least one message, and the second preset condition is: 1<curr-pre≤preset threshold, or, preset threshold≤pre-curr<preset maximum sequence number; curr represents the sequence number of the first message, the first message is the at least one message Any one of the packets, pre represents the sequence number of the second packet, the second packet is the last packet of the first packet received by the receiving unit, 1<the preset threshold ＜The preset maximum serial number;

    The difference between the second value and the value of the out-of-order message is determined as the value of the lost message.
17. The communication device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein when the quality parameter includes the value of the repeated message, the processing unit is specifically configured to:

    A third value is determined according to the sequence number of each message, and the third value is a value of a message that satisfies a third preset condition in the at least one message, and the third preset condition is: curr=pre, curr represents the sequence number of the first message, the first message is any one of the at least one message, pre represents the sequence number of the second message, the second message The last message of the first message received by the receiving unit;

    The third value is determined as the value of the repeated message.
18. The communication device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the first tag further includes a time stamp of the message; the processing unit is further configured to:

    Read the timestamp of each message;

    Acquiring the sending time and receiving time of each message according to the time stamp of each message;

    For each message, the difference between the reception time of the message and the transmission time of the message is determined as the delay of the message.
19. The communication device according to claim 18, wherein the processing unit is further configured to:

    For each message, the difference between the delay of the message and the delay of the last message of the message received by the receiving unit is determined as the jitter of the message.
20. The communication device according to any one of claims 14-19, characterized in that the communication device further comprises a sending unit;

    The sending unit is configured to send instruction information to the second device, where the instruction information is used to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and instructs the second device and the first device A communication mode in which a device communicates, and the at least one message is a message sent by the second device to the first device according to the communication mode.
21. The communication device according to any one of claims 14 to 20, wherein each message further includes a second label, the second label is located on the outer layer of the first label, and the first The second label is used to indicate that the first label does not participate in the calculation of load sharing.
22. A communication device characterized by being applied to a multi-protocol label switching MPLS network, where the MPLS network includes a first device and a second device; the communication device is the second device, and the communication device includes:

    The receiving unit is configured to receive indication information sent by the first device, the indication information is used to indicate that the first device is capable of processing the first tag, and indicates the second device and the first The communication mode in which the device communicates;

    The processing unit is configured to be a packet to be sent according to the communication mode indicated by the indication information received by the receiving unit when the second device has the capability of processing the first tag A first label is encapsulated, the first label includes the sequence number of the packet, and the sequence number of the packet is used by the first device to determine the quality parameter of the transmission link, and the quality parameter includes the value of the out-of-order packet , At least one of the value of the lost message or the value of the repeated message, the transmission link is a link between the first device and the second device;

    The sending unit is configured to send the encapsulated message obtained by the processing unit to the first device.
23. The communication device according to claim 22, wherein the communication mode is a tunnel mode or a transmission mode;

    If the communication mode is the tunnel mode, the packets to be sent are all packets sent by the second device to the first device;

    If the communication mode is the transmission mode, the message to be sent is a message whose transmission address is a preset address in all messages sent by the second device to the first device, and the transmission address Is the source address of the message and/or the target address of the message; the processing unit is also used to determine the message to be sent.
24. The communication device according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the processing unit is further configured to:

    If the communication between the second device and the first device is in a target scenario, encapsulate a third label for the packet to be sent; wherein, the target scenario is a virtual private network VPN scenario or a label switched path LSP scenario; If the target scenario is a VPN scenario, the third label is a VPN label; if the target scenario is an LSP scenario, the third label is an LSP label;

    The processing unit is used to encapsulate the first label for the message to be sent, which specifically includes:

    The processing unit is configured to encapsulate the first label on the outer layer of the third label.
25. The communication device according to any one of claims 22-24, characterized in that

    The processing unit is further configured to encapsulate a second label for the message to be sent, the second label is located on the outer layer of the first label, and the second label is used to indicate that the first label is not Participate in the calculation of load sharing.
26. The communication device according to any one of claims 22-25, characterized in that

    The first label further includes a time stamp of the message, and the time stamp of the message is used by the first device to determine at least one of time delay and jitter.
27. A communication device, characterized in that the communication device includes: a processor and a memory;

    The memory is connected to the processor; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the computer instructions, the communication device performs the communication according to any one of claims 1-8 Method, or performing the communication method according to any one of claims 9-13.
28. A communication system, characterized in that the communication system includes the communication device according to any one of claims 14-21, and the communication device according to any one of claims 22-26.

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