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WO2020114649A1 - Convertisseur continu/continu bidirectionnel et procédé de fonctionnement du convertisseur continu/continu - Google Patents

Convertisseur continu/continu bidirectionnel et procédé de fonctionnement du convertisseur continu/continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020114649A1
WO2020114649A1 PCT/EP2019/076995 EP2019076995W WO2020114649A1 WO 2020114649 A1 WO2020114649 A1 WO 2020114649A1 EP 2019076995 W EP2019076995 W EP 2019076995W WO 2020114649 A1 WO2020114649 A1 WO 2020114649A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
bidirectional
switching element
primary
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/076995
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Riedel
David CELLO
Christoph Kienzler
Christian Winter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2020114649A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020114649A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bidirectional DC / DC converter which has a supplement which enables improved operation of the DC / DC converter, and also comprises a method for operating the DC / DC converter.
  • DC / DC converters are powered by a DC voltage source and provide electrical energy to a consumer as DC voltage at a different voltage level. For example, electrical energy is transferred from a high-voltage network to a low-voltage network and converted to a voltage level of the low-voltage network.
  • the drive motor is operated from the high-voltage network with a voltage of several 100 volts, while the low-voltage on-board network has a voltage of mostly 12 volts, occasionally also 24 or 48 volts.
  • Both networks each have a battery and are connected to each other via a DC / DC converter, which contributes to the stability of the overall system.
  • the low-voltage battery is regularly charged from the high-voltage network via the DC / DC converter, similar to the battery in a car with an internal combustion engine
  • the high-voltage battery on the other hand, must be regularly recharged or possibly replaced at petrol stations.
  • the intermediate circuit capacitor which is connected in parallel to the high-voltage battery, can be discharged.
  • This charging device comprises an ohmic charging resistor and a mechanical switch. After switching on the switch, a charging current flows through the charging resistor to the intermediate circuit capacitor, and only when this is charged can the main connection of the battery to the intermediate circuit capacitor be switched, which bridges the charging resistor.
  • a DC-DC converter is known from WO 2017/125204 A1, which under certain boundary conditions can also be used for power transfer from the secondary to the primary side if active switching elements are used on the secondary side.
  • additional power electronic components are required for the power transfer in the reverse direction.
  • an additional magnetic component with circuitry is preferably used.
  • a first aspect of the invention is directed to the hardware circuitry of the converter.
  • the DC / DC converter preferably comprises one on the primary side
  • transformers ensure the galvanic separation of the primary side from the secondary side in such a way that an energy transfer only takes place via the inductive coupling between the Transformer coils.
  • the transformer coils can be supplied with current pulses from the corresponding energy store, primary energy store or secondary energy store on the energy-emitting side in that diodes designed as switching elements connect them to the energy store at a high frequency (a few kHz) and reverse the polarity.
  • diodes act as rectifiers for the transmitted current pulses
  • a secondary series inductance is used in normal operation, i.e. at
  • a blocking switching element is provided which is parallel to the secondary side
  • blocking switching element refers to the ability of the blocking switching element to be able to block bidirectionally.
  • a blocking switching element is provided, which is connected in parallel to the series inductance on the secondary side and short-circuits the series inductance on the secondary side in the closed state.
  • a DC / DC converter supplemented in this way has the advantage that improved reverse operation is made possible and, for example, no charging circuit for charging an intermediate circuit capacitor on the primary side from one
  • the DC / DC converter with a blocking switching element which is connected in parallel with the series inductance on the secondary side, can be a forward converter with electrical isolation of the primary and secondary side and with a current-supplied secondary side.
  • it can be a single-phase or multi-phase phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) converter, a push-pull converter, resonance converter or a multilevel converter.
  • the transformer, the switching elements and the control device can also be wired and operated in such a way that the converter is designed as a single-phase phase-shifted full bridge (PSFB) DC / DC converter, preferably for hybrid and electric vehicles.
  • PSFB phase-shifted full bridge
  • the blocking switching element is a bidirectionally blocking switching element.
  • the blocking switching element can thus prevent current flow in both directions. With the blocking switching element opened in this way, reverse operation of the DC / DC converter is one
  • the blocking switching element comprises two semiconductor switches, whose gate connections are connected and form a first connection of the blocking switching element and whose source connections are connected and form a second connection of the blocking switching element.
  • the bidirectionally lockable blocking switching element is formed from two semiconductor switches arranged in such a way that the two intrinsic free-wheeling diodes are aligned with one another.
  • a topology for a bidirectionally lockable switching element is advantageously provided, which can be implemented in the converter circuit using available components.
  • Damping capacitors are provided, which are connected in parallel to the connections for the secondary energy store. Or it is a series connection of a damping resistor and a damping capacitor, which is parallel to the series connection of series inductance and to the connections for the
  • Circuit additions are used for the advantageous smoothing of voltage peaks in the switching operations on the secondary side.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to the method for operating a bidirectional DC / DC converter in reverse operation, the
  • a primary-side intermediate circuit capacitor can preferably be charged to practically any desired voltage.
  • the method for operating a bidirectional DC / DC converter in reverse operation comprises the following steps: - Closing the blocking switching element as long as the primary-side voltage falls below a predeterminable first voltage limit value;
  • a method which enables the boost operation at the smallest primary-side voltages and also at 0 volts.
  • the first and second voltage thresholds correlate with the specific voltage value described above.
  • the first and second voltage limit values are either predefined for the method or determined online during the operation of the DC / DC converter and predefined as a function of the secondary-side voltage. In particular, there are first and second
  • Voltage limit is less than the second voltage limit.
  • the first and second voltage limit values can preferably also be identical.
  • a DC / DC converter When the blocking switching element is closed, a DC / DC converter results, which can transmit power bidirectionally regardless of the primary and secondary voltage, so that the power transfer in the reverse direction is possible. At least two of the four half bridges are actively controlled to transmit the power. To optimize the RMS values of the switches and transformer currents, more complex controls such as the "three-level” or “triple-phase shift” control can be used, which results from the control of dual active bridge DC / DC Is known to walkers. During the high-frequency AC component of the secondary side
  • the blocking switching element does not have to be designed for the effective value of the secondary-side current.
  • the blocking switching element is preferably opened in all other operating areas of the converter, so that the influence on the circuit
  • secondary-side inductance reduces the in these operating areas RMS values of the converter currents (transformer and switch currents). This improves efficiency and increases the maximum output power.
  • control device can work with pulses of a fixed frequency.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuit of a single-phase phase-shifted full bridge (PSFB) DC / DC converter with the additions provided for operating the bidirectional DC / DC converter;
  • PSFB phase-shifted full bridge
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a blocking switching element
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents a process flow diagram for operating the bidirectional DC / DC converter.
  • FIG 1 shows the circuit of a single-phase phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) DC / DC converter, which is a possible converter type, in which
  • PSFB phase-shifted full-bridge
  • the PSFB converter shown in FIG. 1 has a transformer 1 which is fed in normal operation from the primary energy store UHV, preferably a high-voltage battery, connected to the primary-side connection HV.
  • Two half bridges with the switching elements M1 to M4 arranged on the primary side switch this voltage with a clock frequency of a few kHz with alternating sign to the primary winding of the transformer 1, as a result of which the core, periodically alternating, is magnetically charged.
  • a resonance coil LR ES on the primary and / or secondary side of the transformer 1 preferably ensures a smooth switching of the switching elements, so that their switching power loss is minimized.
  • An induction voltage is generated on the secondary side of the transformer 1, preferably in the low-voltage range, which is rectified by the passive diodes D1 to D4.
  • the induction pulse is preferably applied to the capacitor C2 and preferably the secondary side via the series inductance W1
  • the PSFB converter works as a buck converter.
  • switching elements Ml to M4 on the primary side and Dl to D4 on the secondary side on the low voltage side are referred to both as “diodes” and “switches”, depending on whether the focus is on the current function of the circuit the transition between the conductive and the non-conductive state is determined passively by the sign of the applied voltage, or that this transition is predetermined by the control device 2 by active switching at certain times.
  • diodes and switches
  • the primary energy storage UHV in particular a high-voltage battery, must be disconnected, and the primary side HV
  • the step-up converter is preferably able to charge the intermediate circuit capacitor CZK with secondary-side energy from the low-voltage battery UNV. It will be a special one
  • DC link capacitor CZK transmits.
  • the converter described is by means of the blocking switching element
  • the DC / DC converter is operated like a dual active bridge DC / DC converter when the blocking switching element is closed.
  • the series inductance W1 can be realized using conventional technology, i.e. wired or integrated in a printed circuit board using planar technology.
  • the blocking switching element S1 is provided in parallel to the secondary-side series inductance W1, which by the
  • Control device 2 of this first phase is closed only for as long as the primary-side voltage is less than a predeterminable first voltage limit value; in all other operating states of the converter, the blocking switching element S1 is preferably open, and the modification of the circuit by the blocking switching element S1 is then ineffective.
  • FIG. 1 shows still further modifications for the safe operation of the DC / DC converter.
  • Parallel to the series connection of Series inductance W1 and the connections for a secondary energy store are preferably provided with a series connection of a damping capacitor CS and a damping resistor RS. Smooth these components
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a blocking switching element S1, preferably a bidirectionally blocking switching element.
  • a blocking switching element S1 preferably a bidirectionally blocking switching element.
  • two semiconductor switches 210, 220 are arranged such that their gate connections 212, 222 are connected and form a first connection 230 of the blocking switching element S1.
  • the source connections 214, 224 of the two semiconductor switches 210, 220 are also connected and form a second connection 240 of the
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents a process flow diagram for operating the bidirectional DC / DC converter. The individual steps of the method 100 are described in FIG. 3 for the operation of the DC / DC converter
  • Control device 2 executed.
  • the method 100 starts with step 10.
  • step 20 the primary-side voltage, which is preferably applied to the
  • connections for the primary energy storage UHV are present, recorded, for example by means of a voltage measurement or by reading out physical quantities already recorded in the system, from which the voltage can be derived.
  • the voltage is compared to a first and / or a second voltage limit. If the voltage on the primary side falls below a predeterminable first voltage limit value, the method branches to step 40. In step 40, the blocking switching element S1 is closed. If the voltage on the primary side does not fall below a predeterminable second voltage limit value, the method branches to step 50.
  • the first is preferred
  • Voltage limit is less than the second voltage limit.
  • the first and second voltage limit values can preferably also be identical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur continu/continu bidirectionnel destiné au transfert d'énergie entre un côté primaire (HV) et un côté secondaire (LV), ledit convertisseur comportant des bornes pour un accumulateur d'énergie primaire (UHV) et un accumulateur d'énergie secondaire (UNV), un ou plusieurs transformateurs (1) destinés à effectuer la séparation galvanique entre le côté primaire (HV) et le côté secondaire (LV), des éléments de commutation (D1 à D4, M1 à M4) destinés à la connexion et à l'inversion de polarité de l'enroulement du transformateur (1) sur le côté primaire et sur le côté secondaire, un dispositif de commande (2) servant à commander l'élément de commutation (D1 à D4, M1 à M4) ; une inductance série côté secondaire (W1) et un élément de commutation de blocage (S1) qui est monté en parallèle avec l'inductance série côté secondaire (W1).
PCT/EP2019/076995 2018-12-07 2019-10-07 Convertisseur continu/continu bidirectionnel et procédé de fonctionnement du convertisseur continu/continu Ceased WO2020114649A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018221195.7A DE102018221195A1 (de) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 Bidirektionaler DC/DC-Wandler und Verfahren zum Betreiben des DC/DC Wandlers
DE102018221195.7 2018-12-07

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WO2022193343A1 (fr) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-22 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 Convertisseur d'isolement bidirectionnel à trois ports et véhicule de transport ferroviaire
WO2025062198A1 (fr) * 2023-09-20 2025-03-27 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un convertisseur cc-cc bidirectionnel déphasé à empilement en mode de précharge

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EP4039523B1 (fr) * 2021-02-04 2024-10-09 Volvo Truck Corporation Système d''électromobilité pour véhicule
DE102022214356A1 (de) 2022-12-23 2024-07-04 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Gleichspannungswandler und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gleichspannungswandlers
WO2024229170A1 (fr) * 2023-05-02 2024-11-07 Our Next Energy, Inc. Blocs-batteries avec convertisseurs cc-cc de traitement de puissance partielle

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JP2014036511A (ja) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 双方向ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータおよびこれを用いた車両用電源装置
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DE102016220358A1 (de) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gleichspannungswandler und Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines Gleichspannungswandlers

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WO2025062198A1 (fr) * 2023-09-20 2025-03-27 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un convertisseur cc-cc bidirectionnel déphasé à empilement en mode de précharge

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