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WO2020169071A1 - 随机接入的方法和装置 - Google Patents

随机接入的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020169071A1
WO2020169071A1 PCT/CN2020/076066 CN2020076066W WO2020169071A1 WO 2020169071 A1 WO2020169071 A1 WO 2020169071A1 CN 2020076066 W CN2020076066 W CN 2020076066W WO 2020169071 A1 WO2020169071 A1 WO 2020169071A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
terminal device
network device
system message
frequency band
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/076066
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范巍巍
默罕默德•阿代尔 赛勒穆
大卫•简-玛丽 马瑞泽
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP20759800.4A priority Critical patent/EP3930407A4/en
Priority to JP2021549392A priority patent/JP7200395B2/ja
Priority to BR112021016555-0A priority patent/BR112021016555A2/pt
Publication of WO2020169071A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020169071A1/zh
Priority to US17/408,211 priority patent/US12167454B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US18/949,925 priority patent/US20250081242A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
    • H04W74/0858—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a method and device for random access in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • a terminal device can obtain downlink synchronization with a cell through cell search, so that it can receive downlink data from a network device.
  • the terminal equipment can perform uplink transmission only after obtaining uplink synchronization with the cell.
  • the terminal device can establish a connection with the cell and obtain uplink synchronization through a random access process.
  • the frequency band of the wireless communication system has expanded from a licensed frequency band to an unlicenced frequency band.
  • the communication system working in the unlicensed frequency band in the new radio (NR) is also called NR-U (NR in unlicensed spectrum).
  • NR specifies the procedure for terminal equipment to perform random access in the authorized frequency band. Random access by terminal equipment in licensed frequency bands can be divided into two ways: competition-based and non-competition.
  • the terminal device In the contention-based random access process, the terminal device first sends a message 1 (ie, a random access signal) at a random access transmission opportunity (random access channel occasion, RO) configured by the network device.
  • a message 1 ie, a random access signal
  • RO random access transmission opportunity
  • the network device If the network device detects message 1, it will feed back message 2 (ie, random access response) to the terminal device. After the terminal device detects the random access response sent by the network device within the random access response time window, it sends a message 3 to the network device, and the message 3 carries identification information of the terminal device for conflict resolution. Finally, the network device sends message 4, which is used to indicate the terminal device that wins in the conflict resolution process.
  • the non-contention-based random access process does not include the conflict resolution process.
  • NR-U needs to coexist friendly with other systems (for example, wireless fidelity (wifi), licensed spectrum assisted access (LAA), etc.), and fair competition for available unlicensed frequency bands, therefore, random The access efficiency is not high.
  • wireless fidelity wifi
  • LAA licensed spectrum assisted access
  • This application provides a random access method.
  • the network device monitors the channel in an unlicensed frequency band and sends a first system message to the terminal device when it is determined that the channel is free.
  • the first system message carries first indication information.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the channel access type that the terminal device should use for random access. Therefore, the terminal device can access the available unlicensed frequency band according to the channel access type indicated by the network device, which can reduce the probability of conflict with other systems, thereby improving the efficiency of random access.
  • this application provides a random access method, the method includes: a network device determines a first channel access type that a terminal device should use to access a first unlicensed frequency band, and the first channel access type belongs to unlicensed One of the channel access types of frequency bands.
  • the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band include frame-based equipment FBE and load-based equipment LBE; the network device sends the first system message to the terminal device, and the first system message Carry first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first channel access type.
  • the network device sends the first system message to the terminal device, including: the network device performs channel monitoring during the idle period of the first FBE frame; when the channel status is determined to be idle , The network device sends the first system message in the second FBE frame.
  • the first system message carries first indication information.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel access type is FBE, where the second FBE frame and the first The FBE frames are adjacent and located after the first FBE frame.
  • the first system message further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the period of the FBE frame of the network device.
  • the first system message further includes third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the COT and idle time of the FBE frame of the network device. Accounted for.
  • the network device needs to indicate the configuration information of the FBE frame on the network side to the terminal device, for example, the period of the FBE frame, the proportion of COT and idle time, etc., so that the terminal device can perform random access.
  • the terminal device needs to indicate the configuration information of the FBE frame on the network side to the terminal device, for example, the period of the FBE frame, the proportion of COT and idle time, etc., so that the terminal device can perform random access.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device and the boundary of the wireless frame sent by the network device in the authorized frequency band are aligned or not aligned.
  • the network device is not limited to communicating with the terminal device only when the boundary of the FBE frame is aligned with the radio frame (radio frame). In the case that the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the FBE frame are not aligned, the network device can also communicate with the terminal device, which improves the flexibility of the communication between the network device and the terminal device.
  • the first system message further includes the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device relative to the boundary of the wireless frame.
  • the terminal device obtains the offset between the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the wireless frame from the first system message. In the case that the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the wireless frame are not aligned, the terminal device can use the offset and the detected FBE frame The boundary of the radio frame is determined.
  • the method further includes: the network device sends a first radio resource control RRC signaling to the terminal device, and the first RRC signaling carries the configuration of the FBE frame of the terminal device Information, the configuration information includes the duration of the fixed frame period FFP of the FBE frame of the terminal device, the duration of the FBE frame of the terminal device is n times the duration of the FBE frame of the network device, and n>1 is an integer.
  • the network device can configure the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal side and the FFP duration of the network side to be different according to the actual situation of the uplink and downlink services of the terminal device, which can improve the flexibility of uplink and downlink scheduling on the network side and support Different uplink and downlink service load requirements of terminal equipment.
  • the first RRC signaling also carries the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame of the terminal device relative to the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device.
  • the method further includes: the network device sends fourth indication information to the terminal device, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the effective remaining of the first channel access type Time, the first channel access type may change after the valid remaining time; the network device sends a second system message to the terminal device after the valid remaining time, and the second system message is used to indicate the valid remaining time after The type of channel access.
  • the method further includes: the network device sends a second RRC signaling to the terminal device, and the second RRC signaling carries at least one other than the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the terminal device accesses the first unlicensed frequency band with the first channel access type indicated by the network device, in some cases, for example, other different systems (for example, wifi, LAA) appear during the operation of the NR-U system.
  • other different systems for example, wifi, LAA
  • the network equipment can notify the terminal equipment that has been connected to the cell to switch the channel access type by broadcasting.
  • the appropriate channel access type can be selected according to the use of the unlicensed frequency band, which can reduce and other The probability of a system conflict.
  • the uplink transmission of the terminal device is all scheduled by the network device on the FBE frame of the network device when the monitoring channel status is idle.
  • the first system message is carried in the physical broadcast channel PBCH or the remaining minimum system information RMSI.
  • a random access method includes: a terminal device obtains a first system message from a network device, the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform The first channel access type that should be used for random access.
  • the first channel access type belongs to one of the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band include frame-based equipment FBE and Load-based equipment LBE; terminal equipment uses the first channel access type to access the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the terminal device acquiring the first system message from the network device includes: the terminal device receives the first system message from the second FBE frame of the network device, and the first system message Carrying first indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel access type is FBE.
  • the first system message further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the period of the FBE frame of the network device.
  • the first system message further includes third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the COT of the FBE frame of the network device and the proportion of idle time.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device and the boundary of the wireless frame sent by the network device in the licensed frequency band are aligned or not aligned.
  • the first system message further includes the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device relative to the boundary of the wireless frame
  • the method further includes: the terminal device according to The offset and the boundary of the FBE frame determine the boundary of the radio frame.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receives the first radio resource control RRC signaling from the network device, and the first RRC signaling carries the configuration of the FBE frame of the terminal device Information, the configuration information includes the duration of the fixed frame period FFP of the FBE frame of the terminal device, the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame of the terminal device is n times the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame of the network device, n>1 and an integer;
  • the terminal device determines the configuration of the FBE frame of the terminal device according to the first system message and the first RRC signaling.
  • the first RRC signaling also carries the offset of the FBE frame of the terminal device relative to the FBE frame of the network device.
  • the first system message carries information for indicating the random access channel RACH resource
  • the first system message is carried in the synchronization signal block SSB.
  • the method further includes : The terminal device monitors the channel during the idle duration of the third FBE frame; when it is determined that the channel status is idle, the terminal device sends a random access signal on the RACH resource at the header position of the fourth FBE frame, which does not exist in the fourth FBE frame SSB, the fourth FBE frame is located after and adjacent to the third FBE frame.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device detects the downlink signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame of the network device; when the terminal device detects the downlink signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame When the downlink signal arrives, the terminal device sends a random access signal on the RACH resource of the fifth FBE frame.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device detects within the random access response time window Random access response; when the random access response time window overlaps with the idle duration of the sixth FBE frame, the terminal device detects the random access in the first period and the second period of the random access response time window Respond, and do not perform random access response detection in the overlapping part of the random access response time window and the idle duration of the sixth FBE frame, wherein the first period is located in the sixth FBE frame, and the second period Located in the seventh FBE frame, the sum of the length of the first period and the second period is equal to the length of the random access response time window, the sixth FBE frame and the fifth FBE frame are the same FBE frame or are located in the first After five FBE frames, the seventh FBE frame is located after the sixth FBE frame.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receives fourth indication information from the network device, The fourth indication information is used to indicate the effective remaining time of the first channel access type, and the first channel access type may change after the effective remaining time; the terminal device receives from the network device after the effective remaining time A second system message, and the channel access type after the effective remaining time is determined according to the indication of the second system message.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receives second RRC signaling from the network device, and the second RRC signaling carries at least one other than the first unlicensed frequency band. Configuration information of an FBE frame of a second unlicensed frequency band, where the at least one second unlicensed frequency band is different from the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the uplink transmission of the terminal device is scheduled by the network device on the FBE frame of the network device when the monitoring channel status is idle.
  • the first system message is carried in the physical broadcast channel PBCH or the remaining minimum system information RMSI.
  • this application provides a device for performing random access.
  • the device has the function of implementing the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manners thereof.
  • the function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.
  • the present application provides a device for performing random access, and the device has the function of implementing the method in the second aspect and any possible implementation manners thereof.
  • the function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.
  • this application provides a network device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the network device executes the foregoing first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the network device further includes a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • this application provides a terminal device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the terminal device executes the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect or the first aspect.
  • the terminal device further includes a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions run on the computer, the computer executes the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The method in the way.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which computer instructions are stored.
  • the computer can execute the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect The method in the way.
  • this application provides a chip including a processor.
  • the processor is used to read and execute a computer program stored in the memory to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the chip further includes a memory, and the memory and the processor are connected to the memory through a circuit or wire, and the memory is used to store a computer program.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface.
  • this application provides a chip including a processor.
  • the processor is used to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory to execute the second aspect or any possible implementation method of the second aspect.
  • the chip further includes a memory, and the memory and the processor are connected to the memory through a circuit or wire, and the memory is used to store a computer program.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface.
  • this application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes computer program code.
  • the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the first aspect and any one of its possibilities. The method in the implementation.
  • this application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer can execute the second aspect and any of the possibilities The method in the implementation.
  • the network device monitors the channel in an unlicensed frequency band and sends a first system message to the terminal device when it is determined that the channel is free.
  • the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate The channel access type that the terminal equipment should use for random access. Therefore, the terminal device can access the available unlicensed frequency band according to the channel access type indicated by the network device, which can reduce the probability of conflict with other systems, thereby improving the efficiency of random access.
  • Fig. 1 is an example of the architecture of a communication system suitable for embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the FBE frame.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a contention-based random access process.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic interaction diagram of the random access method 100 provided in this application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the boundary alignment between the FBE frame and the radio frame.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing that the boundary between the FBE frame and the radio frame is not aligned.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of configuring RACH resources in the header of an FBE frame without SSB.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of configuring RACH resources in an FBE frame without SSB.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a network device dynamically indicating RACH resources through DCI.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the RAR time window falling within one FBE frame.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the RAR time window spanning FBE frames.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of network equipment scheduling Msg3.
  • FIG 13 is another schematic diagram of network equipment scheduling Msg3.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of COT initiated by network equipment.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram showing that COT can be initiated by a network device or a terminal device.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 500 for performing random access provided by this application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 600 for performing random access provided by this application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 1000 provided by the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a terminal device 7000 provided by this application.
  • NR-U new radio
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE frequency division duplex FDD
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the network equipment involved in this application includes but is not limited to: evolved node B (evolved node base, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), evolved (evolved LTE, eLTE) base station , NR base station (next generation node B, gNB), etc.
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • BBU baseband unit
  • evolved LTE evolved LTE
  • eLTE eLTE
  • the terminal equipment involved in this application includes but is not limited to: user equipment (UE), mobile station, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, terminal, wireless communication Equipment, user agents, wireless local access network (WLAN) stations (station, ST), cell phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (wireless local loop) , WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices, other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, mobile stations in the future 5G network And any of the terminal devices in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN) network.
  • UE user equipment
  • WLAN wireless local access network
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • FIG. 1 is an example of the architecture of a communication system suitable for embodiments of the present application.
  • network equipment and terminal equipment UE1 to UE6 form a communication system.
  • UE1 to UE6 can send uplink data to the network device, and the network device needs to receive the uplink data sent by UE1 to UE6 to UE1 to UE6.
  • UE4 to UE6 can also form a communication system.
  • network equipment can send downlink information to UE1, UE2, and UE5.
  • UE5 can also send downlink information to UE4 and UE6.
  • the channel access types of unlicensed frequency bands mainly include load-based equipment (LBE) and fixed frame-based equipment (frame-based equipment, FBE).
  • LBE load-based equipment
  • FBE frame-based equipment
  • LBE channel access methods such as Wi-Fi, LAA systems, etc.
  • the load-based channel detection mechanism refers to triggering the initial CCA detection when the device has service arrival. If the initial CCA of the device detects that the channel status is idle, the channel can be occupied immediately, and the channel occupation time is pre-configured. If the initial CCA of the device detects that the channel status is busy, it needs to generate a defer period. It is detected that the channel status is busy during the postponement period, and a postponement period is continued to be generated until the channel status is detected to be idle within a certain postponement period, and then the extended channel idle assessment (extended CCA, ECCA) is entered.
  • extended CCA extended CCA
  • ECCA refers to the channel detection backoff times N when a random CCA detection time is generated between (1, q), and q is pre-configured. If during this period, the CCA detection time detects that the channel status is busy, it also needs to generate a postponement duration until the channel is detected to be idle within a certain postponement duration before continuing the ECCA process.
  • the device can occupy the channel only after detecting that the channel is idle at the N CCA detection time, and the channel occupancy time is also preset.
  • the channel detection mechanism based on the frame structure refers to: setting a period, and performing a listen before talk (LBT) channel detection at a fixed position in each period.
  • the channel detection time is also called the clear channel assessment (channel clear assessment, CCA) detection time. If a device detects that the channel status is idle within the CCA detection time, the device can immediately occupy the channel.
  • the occupation time of the channel is a pre-configured fixed value. If the device detects that the channel status is not idle within the CCA detection time, the device cannot occupy the channel in this period until it waits for a fixed position in the next period to continue LBT channel detection.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the FBE frame.
  • the transmission period of the FBE frame is called a fixed frame period (FFP).
  • FFP fixed frame period
  • the duration of FFP is between 1ms and 10ms, and usually the cycle of FFP cannot be changed within 200ms.
  • An FFP consists of two parts: channel occupancy period (COT) and idle period (idle period). Among them, Idle Period is used for the initiating device of the FBE frame to perform CCA. If the monitoring channel status is idle, the initiating device can send a signal in the subsequent COT. The initiating device can share the sending opportunity with another or multiple devices during the COT, and these devices are called responding devices. If the sending interval between the initiating device and the responding device is less than 16s, the responding device does not need to do additional CCA, otherwise the responding device needs to do the Observation Slot CCA.
  • LBE does not have a fixed frame period.
  • the random access of terminal equipment specified in the NR can be divided into two methods based on competition and non-competition.
  • the entire process includes 4 steps, as shown in Figure 3.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of a contention-based random access process.
  • the four steps of the access process are roughly as follows: 1.
  • the UE sends a random access preamble (message 1, abbreviated as Msg1) on the RACH resource indicated by the gNB.
  • Msg1 a random access preamble
  • the UE detects the message 2 sent by the gNB (hereinafter referred to as Msg2) within the random access response window (RAR window).
  • the gNB determines the uplink timing advance (time advance, TA) of the UE according to the received time-frequency position of the Msg1, and carries the TA in the Msg2.
  • TA uplink timing advance
  • Msg2 also carries the time-frequency location of message 3 (hereinafter referred to as Msg3) sent by the UE. 3.
  • Msg3 After receiving Msg2, the UE sends Msg3 at the time-frequency position indicated by Msg2, and Msg3 carries the identification information of the UE. 4.
  • the gNB sends message 4 (hereinafter referred to as Msg4) to indicate the UE that wins the competition.
  • the random access process of the licensed frequency band does not involve the process of the terminal device selecting the channel access type.
  • the terminal device needs to access the cell with one of the above-mentioned FBE and LBE. Therefore, when the random access procedure in NR is applied to NR-U, the terminal device cannot know which channel access type is used to access the network.
  • this application proposes a random access scheme, which is applied to a scenario where a terminal device performs cell access in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • a radio frame has a duration of 10 ms and is composed of 10 sub-frames with a length of 1 ms.
  • Each subframe includes one or more time slots (slot), and each slot includes 14 symbols (symbol).
  • each subframe contains one or more slots, which is designed by NR to ensure that the duration of the radio frame under different subcarrier intervals is 10ms.
  • the subcarrier interval is 15KHz (Hertz)
  • one subframe is composed of one slot.
  • the subcarrier interval is 30KHz
  • one subframe is composed of 2 slots.
  • a subframe consists of 4 slots.
  • FBE-based channel detection mechanism In a wireless communication system operating in an unlicensed frequency band, in the FBE-based channel detection mechanism, devices (for example, network devices or terminal devices) perform signal transmission based on a fixed frame format.
  • the fixed frame format here is called FBE frame.
  • An FBE frame is composed of COT and idle duration. For details, see Figure 2 above.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic interaction diagram of the random access method 100 provided in the present application.
  • the network device determines the first channel access type that the terminal device should use to access the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the first channel access type belongs to one of the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band.
  • Channel access types for unlicensed frequency bands include FBE and LBE.
  • the first unlicensed frequency band refers to any segment of the unlicensed frequency band that can be used for wireless communication.
  • the network device may determine the channel access type that the terminal device should use to access the unlicensed frequency band based on multiple factors. As an example, in order to coexist harmoniously with other systems, the network device may determine that the terminal device adopts the same channel access type as other systems. For example, there is also a wifi system in the first unlicensed frequency band. If the wifi system uses the FBE mechanism, the network device determines that the terminal device uses the FBE mechanism to access the first unlicensed frequency band. If the wifi system uses the LBE mechanism, the network device determines that the terminal device uses the LBE mechanism to access the first unlicensed frequency band. Alternatively, the network device may also be determined based on other factors, for example, based on the load of the unlicensed frequency band, the degree of interference between sub-carriers, or some regulations based on regulations or agreements, which are not limited in this application.
  • the network device sends the first system message to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device obtains the first system message from the network device.
  • the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first channel access type that the terminal device should use for random access.
  • the terminal device uses the first channel access type to access the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the terminal device obtains the first system message from the network device, and obtains the first indication information by parsing the first system message.
  • the terminal device can learn the first channel access type indicated by the network device according to the first indication information.
  • the first channel access type may specifically be FBE or LBE.
  • the first system message sent carries the first indication information, and the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to access the first unlicensed The channel access type that the frequency band should use.
  • the terminal device accesses the first unlicensed frequency band according to the first channel access type indicated by the network device, which can reduce the probability of conflict with other systems, thereby improving the efficiency of random access.
  • the technical solution of the present application can solve the problem that the terminal equipment in the current NR cannot learn the channel access type before performing random access in the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the network device may send the first system message based on the LBE or FBE.
  • the network device sends the first system message after obtaining the channel use right according to the LBE-based channel detection mechanism introduced above.
  • the first system message carries the first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first system message.
  • the channel access type is LBE.
  • the UE acts as the responding device and uses the LBE to access the unlicensed frequency band. The detailed process on the UE side can refer to the prior art, which will not be introduced in this article.
  • the network device performs channel monitoring during the idle period of the first FBE frame.
  • the network device sends the first system message in the second FBE frame.
  • the terminal device receives the first system message in the second FBE frame of the network device, the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information indicates that the first channel access type is FBE.
  • the second FBE frame is adjacent to the first FBE frame, and the second FBE frame is located after the first FBE frame.
  • the network device sends the first system message in the second FBE frame.
  • the network device may send the first system message in the COT of the second FBE frame.
  • the network device performs channel monitoring during the idle period of the first FBE frame. If the channel status is idle, the network device can immediately occupy the channel. Therefore, the network device sends the first system message in the COT of the next FBE frame (that is, the second FBE frame) after the first FBE frame.
  • the network device may send a synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB) in the COT of the second FBE frame, for example, the network device sends the SSB at the header of the second FBE frame.
  • the SSB is composed of a primary synchronization signal (primary synchronization signal, PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (secondary synchronization signal, SSS), a physical broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel, PBCH), and other signals.
  • the other signal here may be a reference signal, for example.
  • the first system information can be carried on the PBCH.
  • the terminal device obtains the first system information by detecting the PBCH of the SSB.
  • the first system information may also be carried in the remaining minimum system information (RMSI).
  • RMSI remaining minimum system information
  • the first system message also includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the period of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate an index value in a table.
  • the table contains multiple predefined FFP durations. Among them, the duration of each FFP corresponds to an index.
  • the second indication information indicates an index value in the table, and also indicates the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the period of the FBE frame on the network side indicated by the second indication information may be the number of time slots (ie, slots) or symbols (symbol) of the default subcarrier interval.
  • the first system message also includes third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the COT of the FBE frame of the network device and the proportion of idle time.
  • the proportion of the COT and the idle duration of the FBE frame may also be an index value of a table that contains several predetermined values of the proportion of the COT and the idle duration.
  • the ratio of the COT and the idle duration of the FBE frame may also be the number of slots or symbols based on the default subcarrier interval.
  • a certain field of the first system message may carry the first indication information.
  • the subsequent field of the first system message should also carry second indication information and third indication information.
  • first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information are carried in the same system message (ie, the first system message) is just an example.
  • first indication information, the second indication information, and the third indication information may be carried in different system messages, which are not limited in this application.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side and the boundary of the wireless frame may be aligned or not, which will be described separately below.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame is aligned with the boundary of the radio frame.
  • a wireless frame is a frame format for network equipment to transmit signals in a licensed frequency band.
  • the FBE frame is a frame format for network equipment to transmit signals in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the radio frame are aligned, which means that the start point of the FBE frame and the start point of the radio frame coincide in the time domain.
  • the start symbol (that is, the first symbol) of the FBE frame in the time domain is the same as the start symbol of the radio frame in the time domain.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the boundary alignment between the FBE frame and the radio frame.
  • a network device performs a one-slot LBT in an Observation slot before the radio frame boundary. If the LBT passes, the network device sends the SSB at the start of the wireless frame boundary.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the radio frame are not aligned.
  • the network device does not need to send the SSB under the premise that the boundary of the FBE frame and the boundary of the wireless frame are aligned.
  • the network device can use any symbol boundary as the boundary of the FBE frame.
  • the network device needs to indicate the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame relative to the boundary of the wireless frame in the system message.
  • the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame relative to the boundary of the radio frame may be the number of symbols based on the default subcarrier interval, or the offset may also be an absolute time.
  • the terminal device After obtaining the offset from the first system information, the terminal device can determine the boundary of the radio frame through the boundary of the offset and the FBE frame.
  • the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame relative to the boundary of the radio frame may be notified by the network device through radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) signaling to the terminal device that needs to access.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the boundary between the FBE frame and the radio frame is not aligned.
  • the Observation slot before the radio frame boundary of the network device is the LBT of the one slot. If the LBT passes, the network device then determines the boundary of the wireless frame according to the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame with respect to the boundary of the wireless frame indicated in the first system message.
  • the first FBE frame and the second FBE frame above belong to the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side can be aligned with the boundary of the radio frame, or can also be aligned with the boundary of the radio frame.
  • the boundaries of wireless frames are not aligned. Therefore, the boundary of the first FBE frame and the boundary of the wireless frame may be aligned or not, and the boundary of the second FBE frame and the boundary of the wireless frame may also be aligned or not, which is not limited in this application.
  • the boundary of the first FBE frame is aligned with the boundary of the radio frame, and the boundary of the second FBE frame is not aligned with the boundary of the radio frame.
  • the network device configures the FBE frame when the boundary between the FBE frame and the wireless frame is not aligned, so that the network device can access the channel more efficiently.
  • the network device may configure the boundary of the FBE frame on the terminal side to be aligned with the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the network device may further configure the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal side and the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the network side to be the same.
  • the terminal device can determine the configuration information (or configuration parameters) of the FBE frame on the network side after completing the cell access, for example, the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal device side, the COT and the COT of the FBE frame The proportion of idle period, etc., therefore, the network device does not need to additionally indicate the configuration information of the FBE frame on the terminal side.
  • the network device may configure the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal side to be different from the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the network device can configure the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal side to be greater than the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the network device configures the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame on the terminal side to be n times the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame on the network side, where n>1 and n is an integer.
  • the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame on the terminal side is an integer multiple of the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the network device needs to notify the terminal device of the configuration information of the FBE frame on the terminal side, for example, the duration of FFP, the proportion of COT and idle period, and so on.
  • the network device may complete the configuration of the FBE frame on the terminal side to the terminal device through the first RRC signaling.
  • the boundary of the FBE frame on the network device configuration terminal side and the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side are not aligned.
  • the network device may indicate the configuration information of the FBE frame of the terminal device to the terminal device through the first RRC signaling.
  • the terminal device can obtain the configuration information of the FBE frame on the terminal side through the first RRC signaling during the cell access process.
  • the network device indicates to the terminal device the offset between the boundary of the FBE frame on the terminal side and the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side through the first RRC signaling, the duration of FFP, the proportion of COT and idle duration, etc., so that the terminal device can Obtain the configuration parameters of the FBE frame on the terminal side.
  • the network device may indicate configuration information of FBE frames of other unlicensed frequency bands other than the first unlicensed frequency band to the terminal device.
  • the second unlicensed frequency band here can be one or more.
  • the default is that the multiple second unlicensed frequency bands are different from the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the network device indicates the configuration information of the FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band to the terminal device, and can switch to a certain second unlicensed frequency band when the terminal device needs to switch the unlicensed frequency band after accessing the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the network device may carry configuration information of at least one FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band in the second RRC signaling.
  • the configuration information of the FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band includes information such as the boundary of the FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band, the proportion of COT and idle duration, and the duration of FFP.
  • the second RRC signaling and the first RRC signaling may be the same RRC signaling, which is not limited in this application.
  • the network device configures the boundary of the FBE frame on the network side and the terminal side to be unaligned and/or the FFP period is not equal, which is beneficial for the network device to perform uplink and downlink scheduling more flexibly, and can support different uplink service load requirements of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device accesses the first unlicensed frequency band with the first channel access type indicated by the network device, in some cases, for example, other different systems (for example, wifi, LAA) appear during the operation of the NR-U system.
  • other different systems for example, wifi, LAA
  • the network device can notify the terminal devices that have been connected to the cell to switch the channel access type by broadcasting.
  • the network device sends fourth indication information to the terminal device, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the effective remaining time of the first channel access type.
  • the network device sends the fourth indication information to the terminal device, indicating that the channel access type of the current cell may change after the effective remaining time has passed.
  • the fourth indication information may be carried in the first system message, which is not limited herein.
  • the terminal device needs to read the second system message sent by the network device after the length of the valid remaining time has passed, and access the cell according to the channel access type indicated in the second system message.
  • the second system message may be carried on the PBCH of the SSB or carried in the RMSI.
  • the network device indicates the effective remaining time of the first channel access type to the terminal device, which can be considered to be that the network device has made some restrictions on the behavior of the terminal device to read system messages.
  • terminal devices read system messages on demand or on a periodic basis, instead of reading all the time. When the system message does not change, the terminal device generally does not need to read the system message again.
  • the network device indicates the effective remaining time of the first channel access type to the terminal device, and the terminal device can learn that the channel access type will not change during the effective remaining time, so there is no need to read system messages. After the effective remaining time has elapsed, the terminal device reads the system message again (that is, the second system message above), and determines whether the channel access type needs to be switched according to the channel access type indicated in the second system message.
  • the effective remaining time may be based on the number of slots corresponding to the default subcarrier interval, or may be a value in units of symbols, or a value in absolute time, which is not limited here.
  • the network device may indicate the effective remaining time to the terminal device in a semi-static manner such as RRC signaling or paging. In another embodiment, the network device may also dynamically notify the terminal device that has accessed the cell of the effective remaining time of the current channel access type through downlink control information (DCI).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the terminal equipment can switch between the two channel types, FBE and LBE, so as to select the appropriate channel access type, thereby improving communication quality.
  • the random access process is initiated by the terminal device sending a random access signal to the network device on the RACH resource.
  • the transmission period of the SSB may be greater than the period of the network-side FBE frame, there will be some network-side FBE frames without SSB.
  • this application further proposes the following solutions to solve the problem of RACH resource configuration in FBE frames.
  • the network device only configures the RACH resource at the header position of the FBE frame without SSB.
  • the terminal device monitors the channel during the idle time of the third FBE frame; when it is determined that the channel status is idle, the terminal device sends a random access signal at the header position of the fourth FBE frame, and the fourth FBE frame is located at the first position. After the third FBE frame and adjacent to the third FBE frame.
  • the third FBE frame and the fourth FBE frame are only for distinguishing from the first FBE frame and the second FBE frame on the network side described above.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of configuring RACH resources in the header of an FBE frame without SSB.
  • SSB exists in FBE frame #1, and SSB does not exist in FBE frame #2.
  • the RACH resource is configured at the frame head position of the FBE frame without SSB.
  • Msg1 can be sent on the RACH resource configured at the frame head position.
  • the terminal device performs LBT through the observation slot before the start of the FBE frame without SSB (that is, FBE frame #2). If the LBT is successful, the terminal device can act as the initiator on the RACH resource at the header of the FBE frame Send a random access signal.
  • FBE frame #1 shown in FIG. 7 may correspond to the third FBE frame, and the FBE frame #2 corresponds to the fourth FBE frame.
  • FBE frame #1 shown in FIG. 7 belongs to an FBE frame in which SSB exists.
  • RACH resources can also be configured on the FBE frame with SSB.
  • the network device performs LBT in the observation slot before FBE frame #1. If the LBT is successful, the RACH resource is indicated to the UE in the RMSI.
  • the following other drawings are similar and will not be repeated.
  • the network device configures the RACH resource in the COT of the FBE frame without SSB.
  • the terminal device detects the downlink signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame of the network device; when the terminal device detects the downlink signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame, the terminal device detects the downlink signal in the RACH resource of the fifth FBE frame Random access signal is sent on.
  • the fifth FBE frame refers to any one of the FBE frames on the network side where there is no SSB.
  • the RACH resource is configured at the non-frame header position in the COT of the FBE frame without SSB on the network side.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of configuring RACH resources in an FBE frame without SSB.
  • the terminal equipment detects whether there is a downlink signal from the network equipment at the header position of the FBE frame without SSB. If the terminal device detects the downlink signal, it means that this FBE frame is initiated by the network device. At this time, the terminal device as a responding device can send Msg1 on the RACH resource of the FBE frame.
  • the network device dynamically indicates the RACH resource through DCI in the FBE frame where there is no SSB.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a network device dynamically indicating RACH resources through DCI.
  • the network device performs LBT in the observation slot before the start of the FBE frame (FBE frame #2 shown in FIG. 9) where there is no SSB on the network side. If the LBT is successful, the network device as the initiating device sends DCI at the header position of FBE frame #2 (DL as shown in Figure 9 indicates that it is used for downlink transmission), and DCI is used to indicate to the terminal device the data in FBE frame #2 The location of the RACH resource.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device sends Msg1 on the RACH resource, the terminal device will receive the Msg2 sent by the network device within the RAR time window configured by the network device.
  • the RAR time window may fall in one FFB frame, or it may fall in two or two frames. It is possible in the above FBE frame (that is, the RAR time window spans the FBE frame).
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the RAR time window falling within one FBE frame.
  • the RAR time window may completely fall within the COT of an FBE frame.
  • the RAR time window falls within the COT of FBE frame #1.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the RAR time window spanning FBE frames.
  • the terminal device sends the random access signal on the RACH resource of the fifth FBE frame as an example. After the terminal device sends the random access signal on the RACH resource of the fifth FBE frame, the terminal device detects within the random access response time window Random access response.
  • the random access response time window may be located in the fifth FBE frame, or may be located in a certain FBE frame after the fifth FBE frame. In the following, it is assumed that the random access response time window falls in a certain FBE frame after the fifth FBE frame, and the FBE frame where the start position of the random access response time window is located is called the sixth FBE frame.
  • the terminal device detects the random access response during the first and second periods of the random access response time window, and then The random access response detection is not performed on the overlapping part of the window and the idle duration of the sixth FBE frame.
  • the first period is located in the sixth FBE frame
  • the second period is located in the seventh FBE frame
  • the sum of the length of the first period and the second period is equal to the length of the random access response time window
  • the seventh FBE frame is located in the sixth FBE frame Then and adjacent to the sixth FBE frame.
  • the RAR time window may overlap with the idle period of FBE frame #1.
  • the length of the RAR time window needs to be extended to FBE frame #2.
  • the terminal device sends Msg1 on the RACH resource of FBE frame #1, and the start position of the RAR time window is located in FBE frame #1.
  • the terminal equipment starts to detect the random access response in the RAR time window.
  • t 1 is located in the COT of FBE frame #1
  • t 3 overlaps with the idle period of FBE frame #1
  • t 2 is located in the COT of FBE frame #2. Among them, the terminal device detects the random access response at t 1 .
  • the terminal device If the terminal device does not detect the random access response within t 1 , when entering t 3 , the terminal device suspends the detection of the random access response. When entering the COT of FBE frame #2, the terminal device continues to detect the random access response. In this way, it can be guaranteed that the length of the RAR time window will not be shortened due to overlap with the idle period of FBE frame #1.
  • FBE frame #1 in FIG. 11 may correspond to the sixth FBE frame
  • FBE frame #2 may correspond to the seventh FBE frame
  • t 1 corresponds to the first time period
  • t 2 corresponds to the second time period.
  • the UE After the UE detects Msg2 in the RAR time window, it sends Msg3 at the resource location indicated in Msg2 for sending Msg3.
  • the initiator of an FBE frame can only schedule the responding device within the FBE frame, but cannot schedule across FBE frames.
  • the resource location of Msg3 may appear in the next FBE frame. Therefore, the time-domain position of Msg3 needs to be scheduled according to the situation.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the network device scheduling Msg3. As shown in Figure 12, if Msg3 and Msg2 are located in the same FBE frame, the resource location of Msg3 is indicated by Msg2.
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic diagram of the network device scheduling Msg3. If Msg3 and Msg2 are in different FBE frames, or in other words, Msg3 does not fall in the FBE frame where Msg2 is located, the network device reschedules Msg3 through DCI. As shown in Figure 13, Msg2 is located in FBE frame #1. If the resource location for sending Msg3 is located in FBE frame #2, the network device needs to perform LBT in the observation slot before FBE frame #2, and in FBE frame after successful LBT #2 Scheduling Msg3 through DCI. It should be understood that the DCI is carried on the PDCCH shown in FIG. 13.
  • the network device needs to indicate to the terminal device which scheduling method is used in Msg2, so that the UE can send Msg3 correctly.
  • the network device indicates the resource location of Msg3 through Msg2 display, for example, the frame number carrying the resource location of Msg3, the slot number or the index of the symbol, etc.
  • the network device may instruct the terminal device to receive the information indicating the resource location of Msg3 in the subsequent FBE frame through Msg2.
  • the initiating device in the FBE frame can share the current COT to multiple responding devices.
  • the initiator of the COT of the FBE frame is gNB.
  • the UE performs uplink transmission in the current COT according to the scheduling of the gNB.
  • FIG 14 is a schematic diagram of COT initiated by network equipment. It is understandable that if the COT of the FBE frame is initiated by the network device, and the UE acts as the responding device, its signal transmission and reception are based on the configuration of the FBE frame on the network side. It can also be considered that the period of the FBE frame on the UE side, the duration of the FFP, and the proportion of COT and idle duration are completely consistent with the configuration of the FBE frame on the network side.
  • the terminal device sending an uplink signal (corresponding to the UL shown in 13) needs to be scheduled based on the network device.
  • the terminal device needs to perform CAA detection again.
  • the COT of the FBE frame can be initiated by a network device or a terminal device. That is, there are both gNB initiated COT and UE initiated COT.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram in which COT can be initiated by a network device or a terminal device.
  • the COT of the FBE frame can be initiated by the network device, for example, COT n, it can also be initiated by the UE, for example, COT n+1, COT n+2.
  • the UE receives the downlink signal according to the configuration of the FBE frame on the network side, and sends the uplink signal based on the configuration of the FBE frame on the terminal side.
  • the resource location (the location configured as UL as shown in FIG. 15) for the terminal device to send the uplink signal can be configured by the network side.
  • the network device statically configures the resource location for the terminal device to send uplink signals.
  • the network device dynamically configures the resource location for the terminal device to send uplink signals. In dynamic configuration, after successful LBT, the network device uses downlink information to indicate to the UE the resource location for sending uplink signals in the current frame in the FBE frame for which the use right is obtained. Regardless of whether static configuration or dynamic configuration is adopted, the terminal device needs to perform channel monitoring before these resource locations configured by the network device for sending uplink signals, and if the channel monitoring is successful, it can send uplink signals at these resource locations.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 500 for performing random access provided by this application.
  • the device 500 includes a processing unit 510 and a processing unit 520.
  • the processing unit 510 is configured to determine the first channel access type that the terminal device should use to access the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the first channel access type belongs to one of the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band.
  • Channel access types of frequency bands include FBE and load-based equipment LBE;
  • the transceiver unit 520 is configured to send the first system message to the terminal device.
  • the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first channel access type.
  • the processing unit 510 is specifically configured to perform channel monitoring during the idle period of the first FBE frame; the transceiver unit 520 is specifically configured to send the first system in the second FBE frame when the processing unit 510 determines that the channel status is idle Message, the first system message carries first indication information, the first indication information is used to indicate that the first channel access type is FBE, where the second FBE frame is adjacent to the first FBE frame and is located in the first FBE frame after that.
  • the transceiver unit 520 is further configured to send the first radio resource control RRC signaling to the terminal device.
  • the first RRC signaling carries configuration information of the FBE frame of the terminal device, and the configuration of the FBE frame of the terminal device
  • the information includes the duration of the fixed frame period FFP of the FBE frame of the terminal device, the duration of the FBE frame of the terminal device is n times the duration of the FBE frame of the network device, and n>1 is an integer.
  • the transceiver unit 520 is further used for:
  • the transceiver unit 520 is further configured to send second RRC signaling to the terminal device, and the second RRC signaling carries at least one FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band other than the first unlicensed frequency band. Configuration information, the at least one second unlicensed frequency band does not overlap with the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the device 500 may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the processing unit 510 may be a processor.
  • the transceiver unit 520 may be a transceiver, and the transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver, and has both receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver unit 520 may also be an input-output interface or an input-output circuit.
  • the transceiving unit 520 may be a communication interface.
  • input and output interfaces input interface circuits and output interface circuits.
  • the apparatus 500 may correspond to the network equipment in the embodiment of the random access method provided in this application.
  • the units included in the apparatus 500 are respectively used to implement corresponding operations and/or procedures executed by the network device in each method embodiment.
  • the processing unit 510 is configured to execute operations and/or steps implemented inside the terminal device in each method embodiment. For example, the processing unit 510 is used to determine the first channel access type that the terminal device should use for random access, to perform channel monitoring, and to determine whether the channel status is idle or not.
  • the transceiver unit 520 is configured to send the first system message, the second system message, the fourth indication information, the first RRC signaling, the second RRC signaling, and the detection random access response to the terminal device.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 600 for performing random access provided by this application.
  • the device 600 includes a processing unit 610 and a transceiver unit 620.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is configured to receive a first system message from a second FBE frame of the network device, the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the first channel access type, and the first channel access
  • the type belongs to one of the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band, and the channel access types of the unlicensed frequency band include FBE and LBE;
  • the processing unit 620 is configured to access the first unlicensed frequency band with the first channel access type.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is specifically configured to receive the first system message in the second FBE frame on the network side, the first system message carries first indication information, and the first indication information is specifically used to indicate access to the first channel.
  • the type is FBE.
  • processing unit 620 is further configured to determine the boundary of the wireless frame according to the offset of the boundary of the FBE frame of the network device relative to the boundary of the wireless frame and the boundary of the FBE frame.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to receive first radio resource control RRC signaling from the network device, where the first RRC signaling carries configuration information of the FBE frame of the device, and the configuration information includes the device The duration of the fixed frame period FFP of the FBE frame of the device, the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame of the device is n times the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame of the network device, n>1 and an integer; and the processing unit 620 is also configured to According to the first system message and the first RRC signaling, the configuration of the FBE frame of the terminal device is determined.
  • the processing unit 620 is further configured to monitor the channel during the idle duration of the third FBE frame; and the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to monitor the channel in the fourth FBE frame when the processing unit 620 determines that the channel status is idle
  • the random access signal is sent on the RACH resource at the head position, there is no SSB on the fourth FBE frame, and the fourth FBE frame is located after and adjacent to the third FBE frame.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to detect a downlink signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame of the network device; and, the transceiver unit 610 is also configured to detect a downstream signal at the header of the fifth FBE frame, The random access signal is sent on the RACH resource of the fifth FBE frame.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to detect the random access response within the random access response time window; and, when the random access response time window overlaps the idle duration of the sixth FBE frame, the transceiver unit 610 The random access response is detected in the first period and the second period of the random access response time window, and the random access response is not detected in the overlapping part of the random access response time window and the idle duration of the sixth FBE frame, where , The first period is located in the sixth FBE frame, the second period is located in the seventh FBE frame, the sum of the length of the first period and the second period is equal to the length of the random access response time window, the sixth FBE frame and the fifth FBE frame are The same FBE frame or after the fifth FBE frame, and the seventh FBE frame after the sixth FBE frame.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the network device, the fourth indication information is used to indicate the effective remaining time of the first channel access type, and the first channel access type The remaining time may change; and the transceiving unit 610 is further configured to receive a second system message from the network device after the valid remaining time; and the processing unit 620 is also configured to determine the second system message according to the indication of the second system message Channel access type after valid remaining time.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is further configured to receive second RRC signaling from the network device, and the second RRC signaling carries at least one FBE frame of the second unlicensed frequency band other than the first unlicensed frequency band. Configuration information, the at least one second unlicensed frequency band is different from the first unlicensed frequency band.
  • the device 600 may be a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • the transceiver unit 610 may be a transceiver, and the transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver, and has both receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver unit 610 may also be an input/output interface or an input/output circuit.
  • the transceiving unit 610 may be a communication interface.
  • input and output interfaces input interface circuits and output interface circuits.
  • the processing unit 620 may be a processor.
  • the apparatus 600 may correspond to the network equipment in the embodiment of the random access method provided in this application.
  • the units included in the apparatus 600 are respectively used to implement corresponding operations and/or procedures executed by the network device in each method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 610 is configured to perform the steps of receiving messages and/or information from a network device in each method embodiment. For example, the transceiver unit 610 is configured to receive the first system message, the second system message, the fourth indication information, the first RRC signaling, the second RRC signaling, and the detection random access response from the network device.
  • the processing unit 620 is configured to execute operations and/or steps implemented inside the terminal device in each method embodiment. For example, the processing unit 620 is configured to determine the first channel access type and related configuration information of the FBE frame on the network side according to the first system message, for example, the duration of FFP, the proportion of COT and idle duration, and so on. The processing unit 620 is further configured to determine the boundary of the wireless frame, determine the configuration information of the FBE frame of the device, for example, the duration of the FFP of the FBE frame of the device and the offset relative to the FBE frame on the network side, and determine the first channel The effective remaining time of the access type, etc.
  • the chip described in the embodiment of the application may be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), and a central Processor (central processor unit, CPU), network processor (Network Processor, NP), digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), can also be a microcontroller (microcontroller unit, MCU, programmable controller ( programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit, CPU
  • Network Processor Network Processor
  • NP network Processor
  • digital signal processing circuit digital signal processor, DSP
  • microcontroller unit microcontroller unit, MCU, programmable controller (programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • This application also provides a network device 1000, which is described below with reference to FIG. 18.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 1000 provided by the present application.
  • the network device 1000 is used to implement the function of the network device in the method embodiment.
  • the network device 1000 includes an antenna 1101, a radio frequency device 1102, and a baseband device 1103.
  • the antenna 1101 is connected to the radio frequency device 1102.
  • the radio frequency device 1102 receives the signal sent by the terminal device through the antenna 1101, and sends the signal sent by the terminal device to the baseband device 1103 for processing.
  • the baseband device 1103 processes the signal that needs to be sent to the terminal device and sends it to the radio frequency device 1102, and the radio frequency device 1102 transmits the signal through the antenna 1101.
  • the baseband device 1103 may include one or more processing units 11031.
  • the baseband device 1103 may further include a storage unit 11032 and a communication interface 11033.
  • the storage unit 11032 is used to store programs and data.
  • the communication interface 11033 is used to exchange information with the radio frequency device 1102.
  • the communication interface 11033 may be an input/output interface or an input/output circuit.
  • the network device 1000 in the above apparatus embodiment may completely correspond to the network device in the method embodiment, and the corresponding unit included in the network device 1000 is used to execute the corresponding steps performed by the network device in the method embodiment.
  • the baseband device 1103 is used to perform operations and/or steps implemented inside the network device. For example, the baseband device 1103 is used to determine the first channel access type that the terminal device should use to access the first unlicensed frequency band, determine whether the channel status is idle, and determine the configuration of the FBE frame on the network side and the FBE frame on the terminal side.
  • the radio frequency device 1102 exchanges messages and/or information with the terminal device through the antenna 1101.
  • the radio frequency device 1102 sends the first system message, the second system message, the fourth indication information, the first RRC signaling, the second RRC signaling, and the random access response to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 7000 includes a processor 7001 and a transceiver 7002.
  • the terminal device 7000 further includes a memory 7003.
  • the processor 7001, the transceiver 7002, and the memory 7003 can communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transfer control and/or data signals.
  • the memory 7003 is used to store computer programs, and the processor 7001 is used to call and run the computer programs from the memory 7003 to control the transceiver 7002 to send and receive signals.
  • the terminal device 7000 may further include an antenna 7004 for transmitting information or data output by the transceiver 7002 through a wireless signal.
  • the processor 7001 and the memory 7003 may be combined into one processing device, and the processor 7001 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 7003 to implement the above functions.
  • the memory 7003 may also be integrated in the processor 7001 or independent of the processor 7001.
  • the processor 7001 may be used to perform the actions described in the foregoing method embodiments that are implemented inside the terminal device, and the transceiver 7002 may be used to perform the receiving or sending actions performed by the terminal device.
  • the transceiver 7002 performs the steps of receiving messages and/or information from a network device in each method embodiment. For example, the transceiver 7002 receives the first system message, the second system message, the fourth indication information, the first RRC signaling, the second RRC signaling, and the detection random access response from the network device. For another example, the processor 7001 determines the first channel access type and related configuration information of the FBE frame on the network side according to the first system message, for example, the duration of FFP, the proportion of COT and idle duration, and so on.
  • the processor 7001 is further configured to determine the boundary of the wireless frame, determine the configuration information of the FBE frame on the terminal side, for example, the FFP duration of the FBE frame on the terminal side and the offset relative to the FBE frame on the network side, and determine the first channel access type Effective remaining time, etc.
  • the terminal device 7000 may further include a power supply 7005 for providing power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 7000 may further include one or more of an input unit 7006, a display unit 7007, an audio circuit 7008, a camera 7009, and a sensor 610.
  • the audio circuit may also include a speaker 70082, a microphone 70084, and so on.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which computer instructions are stored.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are executed on the computer, the computer can execute the corresponding operations performed by the network device in each method embodiment and/ Or process.
  • This application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which computer instructions are stored.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are executed on the computer, the computer is caused to execute the corresponding operations and/or processes performed by the terminal device in the various method embodiments. .
  • the computer program product includes computer program code.
  • the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the corresponding operations performed by the network device in the random access method provided in this application and/ Or process.
  • the computer program product includes computer program code.
  • the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the corresponding operations performed by the terminal device in the random access method provided in this application and/ Or process.
  • This application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the processor is used to call and run a computer program stored in the memory to execute the corresponding operation and/or process performed by the network device in the random access method provided in this application.
  • the chip further includes a memory, and the memory is connected to the processor.
  • the processor is used to read and execute the computer program in the memory.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface, and the processor is connected to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to receive signals and/or data that need to be processed, and the processor obtains the signals and/or data from the communication interface and processes them.
  • This application also provides a chip including a processor.
  • the processor is used to call and run a computer program stored in the memory to execute the corresponding operation and/or process performed by the terminal device in the random access method provided in this application.
  • the chip further includes a memory, and the memory is connected to the processor.
  • the processor is used to read and execute the computer program in the memory.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface, and the processor is connected to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to receive signals and/or data that need to be processed, and the processor obtains the signals and/or data from the communication interface and processes them.
  • the communication interface in the above embodiment may be an input/output interface, which may specifically include an input interface and an output interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output circuit, which may specifically include an input circuit and an output circuit.
  • the memory and the memory involved in the foregoing embodiments may be physically independent units, or the memory may also be integrated with the processor.
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more of them used to control the technology of the application Integrated circuits for program execution, etc.
  • the processor may be a digital signal processor device, a microprocessor device, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, etc.
  • the processor can distribute control and signal processing functions of terminal devices or network devices among these devices according to their respective functions.
  • the processor may have a function of operating one or more software programs, and the software programs may be stored in the memory.
  • the functions of the processor can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the memory can be read-only memory (ROM), other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • Dynamic storage devices can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage ( Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can Any other medium accessed by the computer, etc.
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • optical disc storage Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can Any other medium
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for A computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种随机接入的方法，该方法包括：网络设备确定终端设备接入第一非授权频段应该采用的第一信道接入类型，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种，所述非授权频段的信道接入类型包括FBE和基于负载的设备LBE；网络设备向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型。终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息，并采用第一指示信息指示的第一信道接入类型接入所述第一非授权频段。

Description

随机接入的方法和装置
本申请要求于2019年02月21日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201910129891.3、申请名称为“随机接入的方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，更具体地，涉及非授权频段的一种随机接入的方法和装置。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，终端设备通过小区搜索可以与小区获得下行同步，从而能够从网络设备接收下行数据。但是，终端设备只有与小区获得上行同步之后才能进行上行传输。终端设备通过随机接入(random access)流程可以与小区建立连接并获得上行同步。
随着通信技术的不断演进，授权频谱资源越来越有限。无线通信系统的频段从授权频段扩展到了非授权(unlicenced)频段。新空口(new radio，NR)中工作于非授权频段的通信系统也称为NR-U(NR in unlicensed spectrum)。NR规定了终端设备在授权频段进行随机接入的流程。终端设备在授权频段进行随机接入可以分为基于竞争和非竞争两种方式。在基于竞争的随机接入流程中，终端设备首先在网络设备配置的随机接入传输时机(random access channel occasion,RO)发送消息1(即，随机接入信号)。如果网络设备检测到消息1，则向终端设备反馈消息2(即，随机接入响应)。终端设备在随机接入响应的时间窗内检测网络设备发送的随机接入响应之后，向网络设备发送消息3，消息3中携带该终端设备的标识信息，用于进行冲突解决。最后，网络设备发送消息4，消息4用于指示在冲突解决过程中胜出的终端设备。基于非竞争的随机接入过程不包括冲突解决的过程。
而NR-U由于需要和其它系统(例如，无线保真(wireless fidelity,wifi)，授权频谱辅助接入(licensed assisted access,LAA)等)友好共存，公平竞争可用的非授权频段，因此，随机接入的效率不高。
发明内容
本申请提供一种随机接入的方法，网络设备通过在非授权频段进行信道监听，并在确定信道空闲时向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随机接入应采用的信道接入类型。从而，终端设备可以按照网络设备指示的信道接入类型接入可用的非授权频段，可以降低和其它系统发生冲突的概率，从而能够提高随机接入的效率。
第一方面，本申请提供一种随机接入的方法，该方法包括：网络设备确定终端设备接 入第一非授权频段应采用的第一信道接入类型，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种，所述非授权频段的信道接入类型包括基于帧的设备FBE和基于负载的设备LBE；网络设备向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，网络设备向终端设备发送第一系统消息，包括：网络设备在第一FBE帧的空闲时长进行信道监听；当确定信道状态为空闲时，网络设备在第二FBE帧发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型为FBE，其中，第二FBE帧和第一FBE帧相邻且位于第一FBE帧之后。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息还包括第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示网络设备的FBE帧的周期。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息还包括第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示网络设备的FBE帧的信道占用时间COT和空闲时长的占比。
当第一信道接入类型具体为FBE时，网络设备需要向终端设备指示网络侧的FBE帧的配置信息，例如，FBE帧的周期，COT和空闲时长的占比等，便于终端设备进行随机接入。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，网络设备的FBE帧的边界和网络设备在授权频段发送的无线帧的边界对齐或不对齐。
在本实施例中，网络设备不限于仅在FBE帧的边界和无线帧(radio frame)对齐的情况下和终端设备进行通信。在FBE帧的边界和FBE帧的边界不对齐的情况下，网络设备也可以和终端设备进行通信，提高了网络设备和终端设备进行通信的灵活性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息中还包括网络设备的FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移。
终端设备从第一系统消息中获取FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界的偏移，在FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界不对齐的情况下，终端设备可以根据偏移和检测到的FBE帧的边界，确定出无线帧的边界。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端设备发送第一无线资源控制RRC信令，第一RRC信令中携带终端设备的FBE帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括终端设备的FBE帧的固定帧周期FFP的时长，终端设备的FBE帧的时长为网络设备的FBE帧的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数。
网络设备根据终端设备的上行业务和下行业务的实际情况，可以配置终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长和网络侧的FFP的时长不等，可以提高网络侧进行上下行调度的灵活性，并支持终端设备不同的上下行业务负载需求。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一RRC信令中还携带终端设备的FBE帧的边界相对于网络设备的FBE帧的边界的偏移。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；网络设备在所述有效剩余时间之后向终端设备发送第二系统消息，第二系统消息用于指示所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入 类型。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端设备发送第二RRC信令，第二RRC信令中携带除了第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与第一非授权频段互不重叠。
终端设备以网络设备指示的第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段之后，在一些情况下，例如，NR-U系统在工作期间有其它异系统(例如，wifi,LAA)出现，为了和其它异系统公平共存，或者，由于当前小区的负载或受干扰程度等发生变化，NR-U需要改变信道接入类型。在这些情况下，网络设备可以通过广播的方式通知本小区已接入的终端设备进行信道接入类型的切换，可以根据非授权频段的使用情况选择合适的信道接入类型，从而可以降低和其它系统发生冲突的概率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，终端设备的上行传输均是由网络设备在监听信道状态为空闲时，在网络设备的FBE帧上进行调度的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，该方法包括：终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随机接入应采用的第一信道接入类型，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种，所述非授权频段的信道接入类型包括基于帧的设备FBE和基于负载的设备LBE；终端设备采用第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段。
结合第二方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息，包括：终端设备从网络设备的第二FBE帧接收第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型为FBE。
结合第二方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息还包括第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示网络设备的FBE帧的周期。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息还包括第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示网络设备的FBE帧的COT和空闲时长的占比。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，网络设备的FBE帧的边界和网络设备在授权频段发送的无线帧的边界对齐或者不对齐。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息中还包括网络设备的FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移，以及，该方法还包括：终端设备根据所述偏移和FBE帧的边界，确定无线帧的边界。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：终端设备从网络设备接收第一无线资源控制RRC信令，第一RRC信令中携带终端设备的FBE帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括终端设备的FBE帧的固定帧周期FFP的时长，终端设备的FBE帧的FFP的时长为网络设备的FBE帧的FFP的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数；终端设备根据第一系统消息和第一RRC信令，确定终端设备的FBE帧的配置。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一RRC信令中还携带终端设备的FBE帧相对于网络设备的FBE帧的偏移。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息中携带用于指示随机接 入信道RACH资源的信息，第一系统消息承载在同步信号块SSB中，该方法还包括：终端设备在第三FBE帧的空闲时长监听信道；当确定信道状态为空闲时，终端设备在第四FBE帧的帧头位置的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号，第四FBE帧上不存在SSB，第四FBE帧位于第三FBE帧之后且与第三FBE帧相邻。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：终端设备在网络设备的第五FBE帧的帧头检测下行信号；当终端设备在第五FBE帧的帧头检测到下行信号时，终端设备在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，终端设备在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号之后，该方法还包括：终端设备在随机接入响应时间窗内检测随机接入响应；当所述随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长重叠时，终端设备在所述随机接入响应时间窗的第一时段和第二时段检测所述随机接入响应，并在所述随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长的重叠部分不进行随机接入响应的检测，其中，所述第一时段位于第六FBE帧，所述第二时段位于第七FBE帧，所述第一时段和所述第二时段的长度之和等于所述随机接入响应时间窗的时长，第六FBE帧与第五FBE帧为同一个FBE帧或位于第五FBE帧之后，第七FBE帧位于第六FBE帧之后。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，终端设备以第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段之后，该方法还包括：终端设备从网络设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；终端设备在所述有效剩余时间之后从网络设备接收第二系统消息，并根据第二系统消息的指示确定所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：终端设备从网络设备接收第二RRC信令，第二RRC信令中携带除了第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与第一非授权频段互不相同。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，终端设备的上行传输均是由网络设备在监听信道状态为空闲时，在网络设备的FBE帧上进行调度的。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
关于第二方面的各实施例的有益效果，可以参见第一方面的相应说明，不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请提供一种用于进行随机接入的装置，所述装置具有实现第一方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元。
第四方面，本申请提供一种用于进行随机接入的装置，所述装置具有实现第二方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元。
第五方面，本申请提供一种网络设备，包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储计算机程序，处理器用于调用并运行存储器中存储的计算机程序，使得网络设备执行上述第一方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，网络设备还包括通信接口。所述通信接口可以为收发器或者输入输出接口。
第六方面，本申请提供一种终端设备，包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储计算机 程序，处理器用于调用并运行存储器中存储的计算机程序，使得终端设备执行上述第二方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，终端设备还包括通信接口。所述通信接口可以为收发器或者输入输出接口。
第七方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器。处理器用于读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行第一方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，存储器与处理器通过电路或电线与存储器连接，存储器用于存储计算机程序。
进一步可选地，所述芯片还包括通信接口。
第十方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器。处理器用于读取并执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行第二方面或第二方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，存储器与处理器通过电路或电线与存储器连接，存储器用于存储计算机程序。
进一步可选地，所述芯片还包括通信接口。
第十一方面，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面及其任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十二方面，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面及其任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
本申请的技术方案，网络设备通过在非授权频段进行信道监听，并在确定信道空闲时向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随机接入应采用的信道接入类型。从而，终端设备可以按照网络设备指示的信道接入类型接入可用的非授权频段，可以降低和其它系统发生冲突的概率，从而能够提高随机接入的效率。
附图说明
图1为适用于本申请实施例的通信系统的架构的示例。
图2为FBE帧的结构示意图。
图3为基于竞争的随机接入过程的示意图。
图4是本申请提供的随机接入的方法100的示意性交互图。
图5为FBE帧和无线帧的边界对齐的示意图。
图6为FBE帧和无线帧的边界不对齐的示意图。
图7是在不存在SSB的FBE帧的帧头配置RACH资源的示意图。
图8是在不存在SSB的FBE帧中配置RACH资源的示意图。
图9是网络设备通过DCI动态指示RACH资源的示意图。
图10为RAR时间窗落在一个FBE帧内的示意图。
图11为RAR时间窗跨FBE帧的示意图。
图12为网络设备调度Msg3的一个示意图。
图13为网络设备调度Msg3的另一个示意图。
图14为COT均由网络设备发起的示意图。
图15为COT可以由网络设备或终端设备发起的示意图。
图16为本申请提供的进行随机接入的装置500的示意性框图。
图17为本申请提供的进行随机接入的装置600的示意性框图。
图18是本申请提供的网络设备1000的结构示意图。
图19为本申请提供的终端设备7000。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请的技术方案主要应用在工作于非授权(unlicensed)频段的无线通信系统，例如，新空口(new radio,NR)的非授权系统(以下称作NR-U)。此外，也可以应用于一个通信设备需要向另一个通信设备指示信道接入类型的其它通信系统中。
本申请中提及的无线通信系统包括但不限于：全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks,WLAN)等。
本申请中涉及的网络设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved node base，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station,BTS)、家庭基站(home evolved NodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband Unit，BBU)、演进的(evolved LTE,eLTE)基站、NR基站(next generation node B,gNB)等。
本申请中涉及的终端设备包括但不限于：用户设备(user equipment,UE)、移动台、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理、无线局域网(wireless local access network,WLAN)中的站点(station,ST)、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol,SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant,PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备、连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、未来5G网络中的移动台以及未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land  mobile network,PLMN)网络中的终端设备等中的任意一种。
参见图1，图1为适用于本申请实施例的通信系统的架构的示例。如图1所示，网络设备和终端设备UE1～UE6组成一个通信系统。在该通信系统中，UE1～UE6可以发送上行数据给网络设备，网络设备需要接收UE1～UE6发送的上行数据给UE1～UE6。此外，UE4～UE6也可以组成一个通信系统。在该通信系统中，网络设备可以发送下行信息给UE1、UE2、UE5。UE5也可以发送下行信息给UE4、UE6。
为了便于理解本申请的技术方案，这里对本申请涉及的相关技术作简单说明。在非授权频段中，发射节点需要通过竞争的方式使用非授权频段。按照欧洲电信标准组织(European telecommunications standards institute，ETSI)的定义，非授权频段的信道接入类型主要包括基于负载的设备(load based equipment,LBE)和基于固定帧结构的设备(frame based equipment,FBE)。或者说，非授权频段上有两种信道检测机制，分别为基于帧结构(即，基于FBE)的信道检测机制和基于负载(基于LBE)的信道检测机制。目前主流的工作在非授权频段的通信系统大多采用LBE的信道接入方式，例如，Wi-Fi,LAA系统等。
基于负载的信道检测机制是指，当设备有业务到达的时候，触发初始CCA检测。如果设备初始CCA检测到信道状态为空闲，则可以立即占用信道，信道的占用时间是预先配置的。若设备初始CCA检测到信道状态为忙，则需要生成一个推迟时长(defer period)。在推迟时长内检测到信道状态为忙，则继续生成一个推迟时长，直至在某个推迟时长内检测到信道状态为空闲之后进入扩展信道空闲评估(extended CCA,ECCA)。
ECCA是指在(1，q)之间生成一个随机的CCA检测时间的信道检测退避次数N，q是预先配置的。若在此期间，CCA检测时间检测到信道状态为忙，则也需要生成一个推迟时长，直到在某个推迟时长内检测到信道空闲之后再继续ECCA过程。设备在N次CCA检测时间检测到信道空闲之后，才可以占用信道，信道的占用时间也是预先设置的。
基于帧结构的信道检测机制是指：设定一个周期，每个周期的固定位置进行一次先听后说(listen before talk,LBT)信道检测。信道检测时间也称为空闲信道评估(channel clear assessment,CCA)检测时间。若一个设备在CCA检测时间内检测到信道状态为空闲，则该设备可以立即占用信道。信道的占用时间是一个预先配置的固定值。若设备在CCA检测时间内检测到信道状态为非空闲，则在这个周期内该设备不能占用信道，直至等到下一个周期的固定位置继续进行LBT信道检测。
参见图2，图2为FBE帧的结构示意图。如图2所示，FBE帧的发送周期称为固定帧周期(fixed frame period,FFP)。FFP的时长在1ms和10ms之间，且通常FFP的周期在200ms内不能变更。一个FFP由信道占用时间(channel occupancy period，COT)和空闲时长(idle period)两部分组成。其中，Idle Period用于FBE帧的发起设备(initiating device)进行CCA。如果监听信道状态为空闲，则发起设备可以在随后的COT中发送信号。发起设备可以在COT期间将发送机会共享给另一个或多个设备，这些设备称为响应设备(responding device)。若发起设备和响应设备之间的发送间隔小于16s，则响应设备不需要做额外的CCA，否则响应设备需要做Observation Slot时间长度的CCA。
可以看到，不同于FBE，LBE没有固定的帧周期。
NR中规定的终端设备在授权频段进行随机接入可以分为基于竞争和非竞争两种方 式。对于基于竞争的随机接入而言，其整个过程包含4个步骤，如图3所示。
参见图3，图3为基于竞争的随机接入过程的示意图。如图3所示，接入过程的4个步骤大致为：1、UE在gNB指示的RACH资源上发送随机接入前导(消息1，简写为Msg1)。2、UE在随机接入响应时间窗(random access response window,RAR window)时间窗内检测gNB发送消息2(以下记作Msg2)。其中，gNB根据接收到的Msg1的时频位置来确定UE的上行定时提前(time advance,TA),将TA携带在Msg2中。同时Msg2还携带了UE发送消息3(以下记作Msg3)的时频位置。3、UE在收到Msg2后，在Msg2指示的时频位置上发送Msg3，Msg3中携带UE的标识信息。4、gNB通过发送消息4(以下记作Msg4)，指示竞争中胜出的UE。
可以看出，授权频段的随机接入过程并不涉及终端设备选择信道接入类型的流程。而在非授权频段的随机接入过程中，终端设备需要以上述的FBE和LBE中的一种接入小区。因此，将NR中的随机接入流程应用于NR-U时，终端设备无法获知采用何种信道接入类型接入网络。
为此，本申请提出一种随机接入的方案，应用于终端设备在非授权频段进行小区接入的场景。
需要说明的是，工作于授权频段的通信系统定义了无线帧(radio frame)来进行信号的传输，一个无线帧的时长为10ms，由10个长度为1ms的子帧(sub-frame)组成。每个子帧包含一个或多个时隙(slot)，每个slot包含14个符号(symbol)。其中，每个子帧包含一个或多个slot是NR为了保证不同的子载波间隔下的无线帧的时长都为10ms而设计的。例如，当子载波间隔为15KHz(赫兹)时，一个子帧由一个slot组成。当子载波间隔为30KHz时，一个子帧由2个slot组成。当子载波间隔为60KHz时，一个子帧由4个slot组成。关于无线帧详细说明可以参考现有技术，例如，参考协议NR 38.201，这里不作详述。
而工作于非授权频段的无线通信系统，在基于FBE的信道检测机制中，设备(例如，网络设备或终端设备)基于固定帧格式进行信号传输。而这里的固定帧格式称为FBE帧。一个FBE帧由COT和空闲时长组成，具体可以参见上文图2所示。
以下实施例中出现的编号，例如，“第一”、“第二”等，仅仅是为了区分不同的描述对象，例如，区分不同的系统消息，不同的FBE帧或不同的RRC信令等，不应对本申请的技术方案构成限定。
参见图4，图4是本申请提供的随机接入的方法100的示意性交互图。
110、网络设备确定终端设备接入第一非授权频段应采用的第一信道接入类型。
其中，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种。非授权频段的信道接入类型包括FBE和LBE。
这里，第一非授权频段是指非授权频段中可以用于无线通信的任意一段。
在步骤110中，网络设备可以基于多种因素来确定终端设备接入非授权频段应该采用的信道接入类型。作为一个示例，为了和其它系统的和谐共存，网络设备可以确定终端设备采用和其它系统相同的信道接入类型。例如，第一非授权频段还存在wifi系统。如果wifi系统采用FBE机制，网络设备确定终端设备采用FBE机制接入第一非授权频段。如果wifi系统采用LBE机制，网络设备确定终端设备采用LBE机制接入第一非授权频段。 或者，网络设备还可以根据其它的因素来确定，例如，根据非授权频段的负载，子载波之间的干扰程度，或者基于法规或者协议的一些规定等，本申请对此不作限定。
120、网络设备向终端设备发送第一系统消息。终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息。
其中，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随机接入应该采用的第一信道接入类型。
130、终端设备采用第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段。
对于终端设备而言，终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息，通过解析第一系统消息获得第一指示信息。终端设备根据第一指示信息可以获知网络设备指示的第一信道接入类型。第一信道接入类型具体可以为FBE，或者LBE。
在本申请的技术方案中，网络设备确定终端设备采用的信道接入类型之后，在发送的第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示终端设备接入第一非授权频段应该采用的信道接入类型。终端设备按照网络设备指示的第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段，可以降低和其它系统发生冲突的概率，从而能够提高随机接入的效率。
另外，本申请的技术方案可以解决目前NR中终端设备在非授权频段进行随机接入之前无法获知信道接入类型的问题。
在步骤120中，作为发起设备，网络设备可以基于LBE或者FBE发送第一系统消息。
在一个实施例中，网络设备根据上文介绍的基于LBE的信道检测机制获得信道使用权之后发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型为LBE。对于UE而言，UE作为响应设备，采用LBE接入非授权频段。UE侧的详细过程可以参考现有技术，本文不再介绍。
在另一个实施例中，网络设备在第一FBE帧的空闲时长进行信道监听。当确定信道状态为空闲时，网络设备在第二FBE帧发送第一系统消息。终端设备在网络设备的第二FBE帧接收第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息指示第一信道接入类型为FBE。
这里，第二FBE帧和第一FBE帧相邻，且第二FBE帧位于第一FBE帧之后。网络设备在第二FBE帧发送第一系统消息，根据上文图2对FBE帧的介绍可知，网络设备可以是在第二FBE帧的COT发送第一系统消息。
应理解，网络设备在第一FBE帧的空闲时长进行信道监听。如果信道状态为空闲，网络设备可以立即占用信道。因此，网络设备在第一FBE帧之后的下一个FBE帧(也即，第二FBE帧)的COT发送第一系统消息。
具体地，网络设备可以在第二FBE帧的COT发送同步信号块(synchronization signal block,SSB)，例如，网络设备在第二FBE帧的帧头发送SSB。SSB由主同步信号(primary synchronization signal,PSS)、辅同步信号(secondary synchronization signal，SSS)以及物理广播信道(physical broadcast channel,PBCH)以及其它信号组成。这里的其它信号例如可以是参考信号。第一系统信息可以承载在PBCH上。终端设备通过检测SSB的PBCH，获取到第一系统信息。或者，第一系统信息也可以承载在剩余最小系统信息(remaining minimum system information,RMSI)中。
当第一信道接入类型具体为FBE时，第一系统消息中还包括第二指示信息，第二指 示信息用于指示网络侧的FBE帧的周期。
在一种实现方式中，第二指示信息用于指示一个表格中的索引值。所述表格中包含有预定义的多个FFP的时长。其中，每个FFP的时长对应一个索引。这样，第二指示信息指示表格中的一个索引值，也就指示了网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长。
在另一种实现方式中，第二指示信息指示的网络侧的FBE帧的周期可以是默认子载波间隔的时隙(即，slot)或符号(symbol)的个数值。
进一步地，第一系统消息中还包括第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示网络设备的FBE帧的COT和空闲时长的占比。
在一种实现方式中，FBE帧的COT和空闲时长的占比也可以是一个表格的索引值，该表格中包含若干个预定的COT和空闲时长的占比的数值。或者，FBE帧的COT和空闲时长的占比也可以是基于默认子载波间隔的slot或符号的个数值。
在一种实现方式中，第一系统消息的某个字段中可以携带第一指示信息。当网络设备指示第一信道接入类型为FBE时，第一系统消息的后续字段还应携带第二指示信息和第三指示信息。
可选地，第一指示信息，第二指示信息以及第三指示信息携带在同一个系统消息(即，第一系统消息)中仅是作为一个实施例。在另一个实施例中，第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息可以分别携带在不同的系统消息中，本申请不作限定。
在本申请中，网络侧的FBE帧的边界(boundary)和无线帧的边界可以对齐或者不对齐，下面分别进行说明。
情况1
FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界对齐。
如上文所述，无线帧是网络设备在授权频段进行信号传输的帧格式。FBE帧是网络设备在非授权频段进行信号传输的帧格式。FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界对齐，是指FBE帧的起点和无线帧的起点在时域上重合。或者说，FBE帧在时域上的起始符号(也即，第一个符号)和无线帧在时域上的起始符号相同。
参见图5，图5为FBE帧和无线帧的边界对齐的示意图。如图5所示，网络设备在无线帧的边界前的一个Observation slot做one-slot的LBT。若LBT通过，网络设备则在无线帧的边界的起点发送SSB。
情况2
FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界不对齐。
考虑为了使网络设备更高效的接入信道，网络设备并不需要在FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界对齐的前提下才能发送SSB。在情况2中，网络设备可以将任意的符号边界作为FBE帧的边界。在这种情况下，网络设备需要在系统消息中指示FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移(offset)。
在一种实现方式中，FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移可以是以基于默认子载波间隔的符号个数，或者，偏移也可以为绝对时间。
终端设备从第一系统信息中获取到偏移后，可以通过偏移和FBE帧的边界，确定出无线帧的边界。
在另一种可能的实现中，FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移可以由网络设备通 过无线资源控制(radio resource control,RRC)信令来通知需要进行接入的终端设备。
参见图6，图6是FBE帧和无线帧的边界不对齐的示意图。如图6所示，网络设备在无线帧边界之前的Observation slot做one slot的LBT。若LBT通过，网络设备再根据第一系统消息中指示的FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移，确定出无线帧的边界。
上文中的第一FBE帧和第二FBE帧都属于网络侧的FBE帧，根据情况1和情况2中的说明可知，网络侧的FBE帧的边界可以和无线帧的边界对齐，或者也可以和无线帧的边界不对齐。因此，第一FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界可能对齐或不对齐，第二FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界也可能对齐或者不对齐，本申请不作限定。例如，当无线帧的周期为FBE帧的周期的整数倍(大于1倍)时，第一FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界对齐，第二FBE帧的边界和无线帧的边界不对齐。
网络设备通过在FBE帧和无线帧的边界不对齐的情况下进行FBE帧的配置，可以使得网络设备更高效地接入信道。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，需要区分网络侧的FBE帧和终端侧的FBE帧。
在一个实施例中，网络设备可以配置终端侧的FBE帧的边界和网络侧的FBE帧的边界对齐。
可选地，网络设备可以进一步配置终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长和网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长也相同。
在该实施例中，终端设备完成小区接入后已经可以确定网络侧的FBE帧的配置信息(或者说，配置参数)，例如，终端设备侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长、FBE帧的COT和idle period的占比等，因此，网络设备不需要额外指示终端侧的FBE帧的配置信息。
可选地，网络设备可以配置终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长和网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长不等。
例如，在终端设备的上行业务和下行业务不对称的情况下，如果上行业务远多于下行业务，网络设备可以配置终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长大于网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长。作为一个示例，网络设备配置终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长为网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长的n倍，n>1且n为整数。换句话说，终端侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长是网络侧的FBE帧的FFP的时长的整数倍。在这个方案里，网络设备需要将终端侧的FBE帧的配置信息，例如，FFP的时长，COT和idle period的占比等信息通知给终端设备。
作为一种实现方式，网络设备可以通过第一RRC信令向终端设备完成终端侧的FBE帧的配置。
在另一个实施例中，网络设备配置终端侧的FBE帧的边界和网络侧的FBE帧的边界不对齐。
网络设备可以通过第一RRC信令向终端设备指示终端设备的FBE帧的配置信息。终端设备在小区接入过程中通过第一RRC信令可以获取到终端侧的FBE帧的配置信息。
例如，网络设备通过第一RRC信令向终端设备指示终端侧的FBE帧的边界和网络侧的FBE帧的边界的偏移，FFP的时长，COT和空闲时长的占比等，从而终端设备可以获得终端侧的FBE帧的配置参数。
在另一个实施例中，网络设备可以向终端设备指示除了第一非授权频段之外的其它非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息。
本文中将第一非授权频段之外的其它非授权频段统称为第二非授权频段。这里的第二非授权频段可以是一个或多个。当第二非授权频段为多个时，默认为这多个第二非授权频段和第一非授权频段互不相同。
网络设备向终端设备指示第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，可以在终端设备接入第一非授权频段之后，需要切换非授权频段时，切换到某个第二非授权频段。
可选地，网络设备可以通过在第二RRC信令中携带至少一个第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息。
这里，第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，例如包括第二非授权频段的FBE帧的边界，COT和空闲时长的占比，FFP的时长等信息。
可选地，第二RRC信令和第一RRC信令可以为同一个RRC信令，本申请不作限定。
网络设备配置网络侧和终端侧的FBE帧的边界不对齐和/或FFP周期不相等，有利于网络设备更灵活地进行上下行调度，并可以支持终端设备的不同上行业务负载的需求。
终端设备以网络设备指示的第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段之后，在一些情况下，例如，NR-U系统在工作期间有其它异系统(例如，wifi,LAA)出现，为了和其它异系统公平共存，或者，由于当前小区的负载或受干扰程度等发生变化，NR-U需要改变信道接入类型。在这些情况下，网络设备可以通过广播的方式通知本小区已接入的终端设备进行信道接入类型的切换。
在一种实现方式中，网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间。网络设备向终端设备发送第四指示信息，表示经过有效剩余时间之后，当前小区的信道接入类型可能会发生改变。
可选地，第四指示信息可以携带在第一系统消息中，本文不作限定。
终端设备根据第四指示信息的指示，在经过有效剩余时间的时间长度之后，需要读取网络设备发送的第二系统消息，并按照第二系统消息中指示的信道接入类型接入小区。其中，第二系统消息可以为承载在SSB的PBCH上或承载在RMSI中。
网络设备向终端设备指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，可以认为是网络设备对终端设备读取系统消息的行为作了一些约束。通常，终端设备都是根据需要或者基于周期读取系统消息的，而不需要一直读取。在系统消息不发生变化的情况下，终端设备一般不需要重新读取系统消息。网络设备向终端设备指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，终端设备可以获知在所述有效剩余时间期间信道接入类型是不会发生变化的，因而也不需要读取系统消息。在经过有效剩余时间之后，终端设备重新读取系统消息(也即上文的第二系统消息)，根据第二系统消息中指示的信道接入类型，确定是否需要切换信道接入类型。
这里，有效剩余时间可以是基于默认子载波间隔对应的slot的个数，或者可以是以符号为单位的数值，也可以为绝对时间的数值，这里不作限定。
在一个实施例中，网络设备可以通过RRC信令或寻呼消息(paging)等半静态的方式向终端设备指示有效剩余时间。在另一个实施例中，网络设备也可以通过下行控制信息(downlink control information,DCI)动态地向已经接入小区的终端设备通知当前信道接入类型的有效剩余时间。
根据本实施例，在NR-U和其它异系统(例如，wifi)共存的情况，或者NR-U系统在工作期间出现其它异系统，或者小区的负载或受干扰程度等发生变化等情况下，终端设 备可以在FBE和LBE两种信道类型之间进行切换，从而选择合适的信道接入类型，因而能够提高通信质量。
根据上文图3介绍的NR中终端设备通过4-step进行随机接入的流程可以知道，随机接入流程是由终端设备在RACH资源上向网络设备发送随机接入信号来发起的。但是，由于SSB的发送周期可能大于网络侧FBE帧的周期，因此，就会存在一些网络侧FBE帧上没有SSB。在没有SSB的FBE帧中配置RACH资源可能存在这样的问题：如果网络设备将RACH资源配置在FBE帧的非帧头位置，如果网络设备LBT失败，没有获得FBE帧的使用权，则UE无法在该FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号(也即，Msg1)，导致RACH资源被浪费。
为此，本申请进一步提出如下几种方案解决FBE帧中RACH资源的配置问题。
方案1
网络设备仅在不存在SSB的FBE帧的帧头位置配置RACH资源。
对于终端设备而言，终端设备在第三FBE帧的空闲时长监听信道；当确定信道状态为空闲时，终端设备在第四FBE帧的帧头位置发送随机接入信号，第四FBE帧位于第三FBE帧之后且与第三FBE帧相邻。
需要说明的是，这里的第三FBE帧和第四FBE帧仅仅是为了和上文中网络侧的第一FBE帧和第二FBE帧进行区分。
如图7所示，图7是在不存在SSB的FBE帧的帧头配置RACH资源的示意图。FBE帧#1中存在SSB，FBE帧#2中不存在SSB。RACH资源配置在不存在SSB的FBE帧的帧头位置，一旦获得不存在SSB的FBE帧的使用权，就可以在帧头位置配置的RACH资源上发送Msg1。终端设备通过在不存在SSB的FBE帧(也即，FBE帧#2)的起点之前的observation slot进行LBT，如果LBT成功，终端设备可以作为发起设备在该FBE帧的帧头位置的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
应理解，图7中所示的FBE帧#1可以对应第三FBE帧，FBE帧#2对应第四FBE帧。
另外，图7中所示的FBE帧#1属于存在SSB的FBE帧。存在SSB的FBE帧上也可以配置RACH资源。如图7所示，网络设备在FBE帧#1之前的observation slot进行LBT。如果LBT成功，则在RMSI中向UE指示RACH资源。以下其它附图类似，不再赘述。
方案2
网络设备在不存在SSB的FBE帧的COT中配置RACH资源。
对于终端设备而言，终端设备在网络设备的第五FBE帧的帧头检测下行信号；当终端设备在第五FBE帧的帧头检测到下行信号时，终端设备在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
这里，第五FBE帧是指网络侧的不存在SSB的FBE帧中的任意一个。在方案2中，RACH资源是配置在网络侧不存在SSB的FBE帧的COT中的非帧头位置。
参见图8所示，图8是在不存在SSB的FBE帧中配置RACH资源的示意图。终端设备在不存在SSB的FBE帧的帧头位置检测是否有来自网络设备的下行信号。若终端设备检测到下行信号，则说明这个FBE帧是由网络设备发起的。此时，终端设备作为响应设备可以在该FBE帧的RACH资源上发送Msg1。
方案3
网络设备在不存在SSB的FBE帧通过DCI动态指示RACH资源。
参见图9，图9是网络设备通过DCI动态指示RACH资源的示意图。网络设备在网络侧不存在SSB的FBE帧(如图9中所示的FBE帧#2)的起点之前的observation slot进行LBT。如果LBT成功，网络设备作为发起设备在FBE帧#2的帧头位置发送DCI(如图9中所示的DL，表示用于下行传输)，DCI用于向终端设备指示FBE帧#2中的RACH资源的位置。
以上对如何在不存在SSB的FBE帧中配置RACH资源进行了说明。下面说明终端设备如何接收Msg2。
根据图3中介绍的随机接入的4-step的流程，终端设备在RACH资源上发送Msg1之后，终端设备会在网络设备配置的RAR时间窗内接收网络设备发送的Msg2。
但是，根据上文介绍的Msg1的各种发送方案可以发现，受限于Msg1的发送位置和FFP的时长，RAR时间窗可能落会在一个FFB帧中，也可能出现落在两个或两个以上的FBE帧中的可能(也即，RAR时间窗跨FBE帧)。
参见图10，图10为RAR时间窗落在一个FBE帧内的示意图。如图10所示，RAR时间窗可能会完全落在一个FBE帧的COT内。例如，RAR时间窗落在FBE帧#1的COT内。
参见图11，图11为RAR时间窗跨FBE帧的示意图。以上文终端设备在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号为例，终端设备在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号之后，终端设备在随机接入响应时间窗内检测随机接入响应。
随机接入响应时间窗可能位于第五FBE帧，也可能位于第五FBE帧之后的某个FBE帧。以下假设随机接入响应时间窗落在第五FBE帧之后的某个FBE帧中，并将随机接入响应时间窗的起始位置所在的FBE帧称为第六FBE帧。当随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长重叠时，终端设备在随机接入响应时间窗的第一时段和第二时段检测所述随机接入响应，并在随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长的重叠部分不进行随机接入响应的检测。其中，第一时段位于第六FBE帧，第二时段位于第七FBE帧，第一时段和第二时段的长度之和等于随机接入响应时间窗的长度，第七FBE帧位于第六FBE帧之后且与第六FBE帧相邻。
例如，在图11中，RAR时间窗可能和FBE帧#1的idle period重叠。为了保证RAR时间窗的长度不受到影响，需要将RAR时间窗的长度延长至FBE帧#2。如图11所示，假设终端设备在FBE帧#1的RACH资源上发送Msg1，RAR时间窗的起始位置位于FBE帧#1。终端设备并在RAR时间窗开始进行随机接入响应的检测。t 1位于FBE帧#1的COT内，t 3和FBE帧#1的idle period重叠，t 2位于FBE帧#2的COT内。其中，终端设备在t 1检测随机接入响应。如果在t 1内终端设备未检测到随机接入响应，当进入t 3，终端设备暂停随机接入响应的检测。当进入FBE帧#2的COT，终端设备继续检测随机接入响应。这样，可以保证RAR时间窗的长度不会因为和FBE帧#1的idle period重叠而缩短。
应理解，图11中的FBE帧#1可以对应第六FBE帧，FBE帧#2可以对应第七FBE帧。t 1对应第一时段，t 2对应第二时段。
下面说明关于Msg3的发送方案。
UE在RAR时间窗内检测到Msg2之后，在Msg2中指示的用于发送Msg3的资源位 置上发送Msg3。
根据FBE的法规，一个FBE帧的发起设备只能在该FBE帧内调度响应设备，而不能跨FBE帧调度。但是，受限于Msg2的发送位置和FFP的大小，Msg3的资源位置可能会出现在下一个FBE帧中。因此，Msg3的时域位置需要分情况调度。
在一种可能的情况下，参见图12，图12为网络设备调度Msg3的一个示意图。如图12所示，若Msg3和Msg2位于同一个FBE帧中，则Msg3的资源位置由Msg2进行指示。
在另一种可能的情况下，参见图13，图13为网络设备调度Msg3的另一个示意图。若Msg3和Msg2位于不同的FBE帧中，或者说，Msg3没有落在Msg2所在的FBE帧，网络设备则通过DCI重新调度Msg3。如图13所示，Msg2位于FBE帧#1，如果发送Msg3的资源位置位于FBE帧#2，则网络设备需要在FBE帧#2的前一个observation slot进行LBT，并在LBT成功之后在FBE帧#2通过DCI调度Msg3。应理解，DCI承载在图13中所示的PDCCH上。
在这两种可能的情况下，网络设备需要在Msg2中向终端设备指示具体采用哪种调度方式，以便UE正确发送Msg3。例如，网络设备通过Msg2显示指示Msg3的资源位置，例如，携带Msg3的资源位置的帧号，时隙号或者符号的索引等。或者，网络设备会通过Msg2指示终端设备在后续的FBE帧接收指示Msg3的资源位置的信息。
此外，根据上文的说明，在FBE帧的发起设备可以将当前COT共享给多个响应设备。
在一个实施例中，FBE帧的COT的发起设备均为gNB。UE根据gNB的调度在当前的COT进行上行发送。
参见图14所示，图14为COT均由网络设备发起的示意图。可以理解的是，如果FBE帧的COT均由网络设备发起，UE作为响应设备，其信号的发送和接收都是基于网络侧的FBE帧的配置。也可以认为，UE侧的FBE帧的周期、FFP的时长以及COT和空闲时长的占比和网络侧的FBE帧的配置完全一致。当FBE帧的COT的发起均为网络设备的配置中，终端设备发送上行信号(对应如13中所示的UL)需要基于网络设备的调度。此外，当网络设备发送的下行信号和终端设备发送的上行信号之间的间隔大于16s时，终端设备需要重新做CAA检测。
在另一个实施例中，FBE帧的COT可以由网络设备发起，也可以由终端设备发起。也即，既存在gNB initiated COT，也存在UE initiated COT。
参见图15所示，图15为COT可以由网络设备或终端设备发起的示意图。如图15所示，如果FBE帧的COT可以由网络设备发起，例如，COT n，也可以由UE发起，例如，COT n+1,COT n+2。
对于UE而言，UE根据网络侧的FBE帧的配置接收下行信号，并基于终端侧的FBE帧的配置发送上行信号。在这个实施例中，终端设备发送上行信号的资源位置(如图15中所示的被配置为UL的位置)可以由网络侧进行配置。例如，网络设备静态配置用于终端设备发送上行信号的资源位置。又例如，网络设备动态配置用于终端设备发送上行信号的资源位置。在动态配置中，网络设备LBT成功后，在获得使用权的FBE帧中通过下行信息向UE指示当前帧中发送上行信号的资源位置。无论采用静态配置或动态配置，终端设备需要在网络设备配置的用于发送上行信号的这些资源位置之前进行信道监听，如果信道监听成功，则可以在这些资源位置发送上行信号。
以上对申请提供的随机接入的方法进行了详细说明，下面介绍本申请提供的用于进行随机接入的装置。
参见图16，图16为本申请提供的用于进行随机接入的装置500的示意性框图。如图16所示，装置500包括处理单元510和处理单元520。
处理单元510，用于确定终端设备接入第一非授权频段应采用的第一信道接入类型，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种，所述非授权频段的信道接入类型包括FBE和基于负载的设备LBE；
收发单元520，用于向终端设备发送第一系统消息。其中，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型。
在一个实施例中，处理单元510具体用于在第一FBE帧的空闲时长进行信道监听；收发单元520具体用于在处理单元510确定信道状态为空闲时，在第二FBE帧发送第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型为FBE，其中，第二FBE帧和所述第一FBE帧相邻且位于第一FBE帧之后。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元520还用于向终端设备发送第一无线资源控制RRC信令，第一RRC信令中携带终端设备的FBE帧的配置信息，该终端设备的FBE帧的配置信息包括终端设备的FBE帧的固定帧周期FFP的时长，终端设备的FBE帧的时长为网络设备的FBE帧的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元520还用于：
向终端设备发送第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；
在所述有效剩余时间之后向终端设备发送第二系统消息，第二系统消息用于指示所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元520还用于向终端设备发送第二RRC信令，第二RRC信令中携带除了第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，该至少一个第二非授权频段与第一非授权频段互不重叠。
可选地，装置500可以为芯片或集成电路。
可选地，处理单元510可以为处理器。
可选地，收发单元520可以为收发器，收发器可以包括发射机和接收机，同时具备接收和发送的功能。
可选地，收发单元520还可以为输入输出接口，或者输入输出电路。
可选地，收发单元520可以为通信接口。例如，输入输出接口，输入接口电路和输出接口电路等。
装置500可以对应本申请提供的随机接入的方法实施例中的网络设备。装置500包括的各单元分别用于实现各方法实施例中由网络设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
例如，处理单元510用于执行各方法实施例中由终端设备内部实现的操作和/或步骤。例如，处理单元510用于确定终端设备进行随机接入应该采用的第一信道接入类型，用于进行信道监听，以及确定信道状态是否空闲等。
收发单元520，用于向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第二系统消息，第四指示信息，第一RRC信令，第二RRC信令以及检测随机接入响应等。
参见图17，图17为本申请提供的用于进行随机接入的装置600的示意性框图。如图17所示，装置600包括处理单元610和收发单元620。
收发单元610，用于从网络设备的第二FBE帧接收第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型，第一信道接入类型属于非授权频段的信道接入类型中的一种，所述非授权频段的信道接入类型包括FBE和LBE；
处理单元620，用于以第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段。
在一个实施例中，收发单元610具体用于在网络侧的第二FBE帧接收第一系统消息，第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，第一指示信息具体用于指示第一信道接入类型为FBE。
在另一个实施例中，处理单元620还用于根据网络设备的FBE帧的边界相对于无线帧的边界的偏移以及所述FBE帧的边界，确定无线帧的边界。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元610还用于从网络设备接收第一无线资源控制RRC信令，第一RRC信令中携带所述装置的FBE帧的配置信息，该配置信息包括所述装置的FBE帧的固定帧周期FFP的时长，所述装置的FBE帧的FFP的时长为网络设备的FBE帧的FFP的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数；以及，处理单元620还用于根据第一系统消息和第一RRC信令，确定终端设备的FBE帧的配置。
在另一个实施例中，处理单元620还用于在第三FBE帧的空闲时长监听信道；以及，收发单元610还用于在处理单元620确定信道状态为空闲时，在第四FBE帧的帧头位置的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号，第四FBE帧上不存在SSB，第四FBE帧位于第三FBE帧之后且与第三FBE帧相邻。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元610还用于在网络设备的第五FBE帧的帧头检测下行信号；以及，收发单元610还用于在第五FBE帧的帧头检测到下行信号时，在第五FBE帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元610还用于在随机接入响应时间窗内检测随机接入响应；以及，当随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长重叠时，收发单元610在随机接入响应时间窗的第一时段和第二时段检测随机接入响应，并在随机接入响应时间窗与第六FBE帧的空闲时长的重叠部分不进行随机接入响应的检测，其中，第一时段位于第六FBE帧，第二时段位于第七FBE帧，第一时段和第二时段的长度之和等于随机接入响应时间窗的时长，第六FBE帧与第五FBE帧为同一个FBE帧或位于第五FBE帧之后，第七FBE帧位于第六FBE帧之后。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元610还用于从网络设备接收第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；以及，收发单元610还用于在所述有效剩余时间之后从网络设备接收第二系统消息；以及，处理单元620还用于并根据第二系统消息的指示确定所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
在另一个实施例中，收发单元610还用于从网络设备接收第二RRC信令，第二RRC信令中携带除了第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的FBE帧的配置信息，该至少一个第二非授权频段与第一非授权频段互不相同。
可选地，装置600可以为芯片或集成电路。
可选地，收发单元610可以为收发器，收发器可以包括发射机和接收机，同时具备接收和发送的功能。
可选地，收发单元610还可以为输入输出接口，或者输入输出电路。
可选地，收发单元610可以为通信接口。例如，输入输出接口，输入接口电路和输出接口电路等。
可选地，处理单元620可以为处理器。
装置600可以对应本申请提供的随机接入的方法实施例中的网络设备。装置600包括的各单元分别用于实现各方法实施例中由网络设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
收发单元610用于执行各方法实施例中从网络设备接收消息和/或信息的步骤。例如，收发单元610用于从网络设备接收第一系统消息，第二系统消息，第四指示信息，第一RRC信令，第二RRC信令以及检测随机接入响应等。
处理单元620用于执行各方法实施例中由终端设备内部实现的操作和/或步骤。例如，处理单元620用于根据第一系统消息确定第一信道接入类型以及网络侧的FBE帧的相关配置信息，例如，FFP的时长，COT和空闲时长的占比等。处理单元620还用于确定无线帧的边界，确定所述装置的FBE帧的配置信息，例如，所述装置的FBE帧的FFP的时长以及相对于网络侧FBE帧的偏移，确定第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间等。
本申请实施例中所述的芯片，可以是现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)、专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)、中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)、网络处理器(Network Processor，NP)、数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU、可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其它集成芯片。
本申请还提供一种网络设备1000，下面结合图18进行说明。
参见图18，图18是本申请提供的网络设备1000的结构示意图。网络设备1000用于实现方法实施例中的网络设备的功能。如图18所示，网络设备1000包括天线1101、射频装置1102、基带装置1103。天线1101与射频装置1102连接。在上行方向，射频装置1102通过天线1101接收终端设备发送的信号，将终端设备发送的信号发送给基带装置1103进行处理。在下行方向，基带装置1103对需要发送给终端设备的信号进行处理，并发送给射频装置1102，射频装置1102通过天线1101将信号发射出去。
基带装置1103可以包括一个或多个处理单元11031。此外，基带装置1103还可以包括存储单元11032和通信接口11033。存储单元11032用于存储程序和数据。通信接口11033用于与射频装置1102交互信息。通信接口11033可以为输入输出接口或者输入输出电路。
上述装置实施例中的网络设备1000可以与方法实施例中的网络设备完全对应，网络设备1000所包括的相应单元用于执行方法实施例中由网络设备执行的相应步骤。
例如，基带装置1103用于执行由网络设备内部实现的操作和/或步骤。例如，基带装置1103用于确定终端设备接入第一非授权频段应该采用的第一信道接入类型，确定信道状态是否空闲，以及确定网络侧的FBE帧以及终端侧的FBE帧的配置等。
又例如，射频装置1102通过天线1101与终端设备进行消息和/或信息交互。例如，射频装置1102向终端设备发送第一系统消息，第二系统消息，第四指示信息，第一RRC 信令，第二RRC信令以及随机接入响应等。
参见图19，图19为本申请提供的终端设备7000。如图19所示，终端设备7000包括处理器7001和收发器7002。可选地，终端设备7000还包括存储器7003。其中，处理器7001、收发器7002和存储器7003之间可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号。存储器7003用于存储计算机程序，处理器7001用于从存储器7003中调用并运行计算机程序，以控制收发器7002收发信号。
可选地，终端设备7000还可以包括天线7004，用于将收发器7002输出的信息或数据通过无线信号发送出去。
处理器7001和存储器7003可以合成一个处理装置，处理器7001用于执行存储器7003中存储的程序代码来实现上述功能。具体实现时，存储器7003也可以集成在处理器7001中，或者独立于处理器7001。
处理器7001可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由终端设备内部实现的动作，而收发器7002可以用于执行由终端设备执行的接收或发送的动作。
例如，收发器7002执行各方法实施例中从网络设备接收消息和/或信息的步骤。例如，收发器7002从网络设备接收第一系统消息，第二系统消息，第四指示信息，第一RRC信令，第二RRC信令以及检测随机接入响应等。又例如，处理器7001根据第一系统消息确定第一信道接入类型以及网络侧的FBE帧的相关配置信息，例如，FFP的时长，COT和空闲时长的占比等。处理器7001还用于确定无线帧的边界，确定终端侧的FBE帧的配置信息，例如，终端侧FBE帧的FFP的时长以及相对于网络侧FBE帧的偏移，确定第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间等。
可选地，终端设备7000还可以包括电源7005，用于给终端设备中的各种器件或电路提供电源。
除此之外，为了使得终端设备的功能更加完善，终端设备7000还可以包括输入单元7006、显示单元7007、音频电路7008、摄像头7009和传感器610等中的一个或多个。音频电路还可以包括扬声器70082、麦克风70084等。
此外，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行各方法实施例中由网络设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行各方法实施例中由终端设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请提供的随机接入的方法中由网络设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请提供的随机接入的方法中由终端设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
本申请还提供一种芯片，包括处理器。处理器用于调用并运行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行本申请提供的随机接入的方法中由网络设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，存储器与处理器连接。处理器用于读取并执行存储器中的计算机程序。
进一步可选地，所述芯片还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口连接。通信接口用于接收需要处理的信号和/或数据，处理器从通信接口获取该信号和/或数据，并对其进行处理。
本申请还提供一种芯片，包括处理器。处理器用于调用并运行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行本申请提供的随机接入的方法中由终端设备执行的相应操作和/或流程。
可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，存储器与处理器连接。处理器用于读取并执行存储器中的计算机程序。
进一步可选地，所述芯片还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口连接。通信接口用于接收需要处理的信号和/或数据，处理器从通信接口获取该信号和/或数据，并对其进行处理。
可选地，以上实施例中的通信接口可以是输入输出接口，具体可以包括输入接口和输出接口。或者，通信接口可以是输入输出电路，具体可以包括输入电路和输出电路。
上述实施例中涉及的存储器与存储器可以是物理上相互独立的单元，或者，存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
以上各实施例中，处理器可以为中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、微处理器、特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请技术方案程序执行的集成电路等。例如，处理器可以是数字信号处理器设备、微处理器设备、模数转换器、数模转换器等。处理器可以根据这些设备各自的功能而在这些设备之间分配终端设备或网络设备的控制和信号处理的功能。此外，处理器可以具有操作一个或多个软件程序的功能，软件程序可以存储在存储器中。处理器的所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可存储静态信息和指令的其它类型的静态存储设备、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或可存储信息和指令的其它类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其它磁存储设备，或者还可以是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的 划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，本申请的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内，，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，应用于非授权频段，所述方法包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一系统消息，所述第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示第一信道接入类型，所述第一信道接入类型具有固定的帧周期。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述网络设备的帧的周期。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息还包括第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述网络设备的帧的信道占用时间COT和空闲时长的占比。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备的帧的边界和所述网络设备在授权频段发送的无线帧的边界对齐或不对齐。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息中还包括所述网络设备的帧的边界相对于所述无线帧的边界的偏移。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第一无线资源控制RRC信令，所述第一RRC信令中携带所述终端设备的帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括所述终端设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长，所述终端设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长为所述网络设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一RRC信令中还携带所述终端设备的帧的边界相对于所述网络设备的帧的边界的偏移。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，所述第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；
    所述网络设备在所述有效剩余时间之后向所述终端设备发送第二系统消息，所述第二系统消息用于指示所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二RRC信令，所述第二RRC信令中携带除了所述第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与所述第一非授权频段互不重叠。
  11. 根据权利要求2-10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备的上行传输均是由所述网络设备在监听信道状态为空闲时在所述网络设备的帧上进行调度的。
  12. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端设备从网络设备获取第一系统消息，所述第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，所 述第一指示信息用于指示终端设备接入第一非授权频段应采用的第一信道接入类型，所述第一信道接入类型具有固定的帧周期；
    所述终端设备以所述第一信道接入类型接入所述第一非授权频段。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息还包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述网络设备的帧的周期。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息还包括第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述网络设备的帧的COT和空闲时长的占比。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备的帧的边界和所述网络设备在授权频段发送的无线帧的边界对齐或者不对齐。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息中还包括所述网络设备的帧的边界相对于所述无线帧的边界的偏移，以及，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述偏移和帧的边界，确定所述无线帧的边界。
  18. 根据权利要求13-17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备从所述网络设备接收第一无线资源控制RRC信令，所述第一RRC信令中携带所述终端设备的帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括所述终端设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长，所述终端设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长为所述网络设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数；
    所述终端设备根据所述第一系统消息和所述第一RRC信令，确定所述终端设备的帧的配置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一RRC信令中还携带所述终端设备的帧相对于所述网络设备的帧的偏移。
  20. 根据权利要求13-19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息中携带用于指示随机接入信道RACH资源的信息，所述第一系统消息承载在同步信号块SSB中，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备在第三帧的空闲时长监听信道；
    当确定信道状态为空闲时，所述终端设备在第四帧的帧头位置的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号，所述第四帧上不存在SSB，所述第四帧位于所述第三帧之后且与所述第三帧相邻。
  21. 根据权利要求13-19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备在所述网络设备的第五帧的帧头检测下行信号；
    当所述终端设备在所述第五FBE帧的帧头检测到下行信号时，所述终端设备在所述第五帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备在所述第五帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备在随机接入响应时间窗内检测随机接入响应；
    当所述随机接入响应时间窗与第六帧的空闲时长重叠时，所述终端设备在所述随机接入响应时间窗的第一时段和第二时段检测所述随机接入响应，并在所述随机接入响应时间 窗与所述第六帧的空闲时长的重叠部分不进行随机接入响应的检测，其中，所述第一时段位于所述第六帧，所述第二时段位于第七帧，所述第一时段和所述第二时段的长度之和等于所述随机接入响应时间窗的时长，所述第六帧与所述第五帧为同一个帧或位于所述第五帧之后，所述第七帧位于所述第六帧之后。
  23. 根据权利要求13-22中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备以所述第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备从所述网络设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，所述第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；
    所述终端设备在所述有效剩余时间之后从所述网络设备接收第二系统消息，并根据所述第二系统消息的指示确定所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
  24. 根据权利要求13-23中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备从网络设备接收第二RRC信令，所述第二RRC信令中携带除了所述第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与所述第一非授权频段互不相同。
  25. 根据权利要求13-24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备的上行传输均是由所述网络设备在监听信道状态为空闲时，在所述网络设备的帧上进行调度的。
  26. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于向终端设备发送第一系统消息，所述第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型，所述第一信道接入类型具有固定的帧周期。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
  28. 根据权利要求26或27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送第一无线资源控制RRC信令，所述第一RRC信令中携带所述终端设备的帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括所述终端设备的帧的固定帧周期的时长，所述终端设备的帧的时长为所述装置的帧的时长的n倍，n>1且为整数。
  29. 根据权利要求26-28中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，所述第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；
    在所述有效剩余时间之后向所述终端设备发送第二系统消息，所述第二系统消息用于指示所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
  30. 根据权利要求26-29中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送第二RRC信令，所述第二RRC信令中携带除了所述第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与所述第一非授权频段互不重叠。
  31. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于从网络设备获取第一系统消息，所述第一系统消息中携带第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述装置接入第一非授权频段应采用的第一信道接入类 型，所述第一信道接入类型具有固定的帧周期；
    处理单元，用于采用所述第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息承载在物理广播信道PBCH或剩余最小系统信息RMSI中。
  33. 根据权利要求31或32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息中还包括所述网络设备的帧的边界相对于所述网络设备在授权频段发送的无线帧的边界的偏移，
    以及，所述处理单元还用于：
    根据所述偏移和帧的边界，确定所述无线帧的边界。
  34. 根据权利要求31-33中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    从所述网络设备接收第一无线资源控制RRC信令，所述第一RRC信令中携带所述装置的帧的配置信息，所述配置信息包括所述装置的帧的固定帧周期的时长，所述装置的帧的固定帧周期的时长为所述网络设备的帧的固定帧周期时长的n倍，n>1且为整数；
    以及，所述处理单元还用于根据所述第一系统消息和所述第一RRC信令，确定所述装置的帧的配置。
  35. 根据权利要求31-34中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一系统消息中携带用于指示随机接入信道RACH资源的信息，所述第一系统消息承载在同步信号块SSB中，
    所述处理单元还用于在第三帧的空闲时长监听信道；
    所述收发单元，还用于当所述处理单元确定信道状态为空闲时，在第四帧的帧头位置的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号，所述第四帧上不存在SSB，所述第四帧位于所述第三帧之后且与所述第三帧相邻。
  36. 根据权利要求31-34中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于在所述网络设备的第五帧的帧头检测下行信号；
    当所述收发单元在所述第五帧的帧头检测到下行信号时，所述收发单元还用于在所述第五帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元在所述第五帧的RACH资源上发送随机接入信号之后，收发单元还用于：
    在随机接入响应时间窗内检测随机接入响应；
    当所述随机接入响应时间窗与第六帧的空闲时长重叠时，所述收发单元在所述随机接入响应时间窗的第一时段和第二时段检测所述随机接入响应，并在所述随机接入响应时间窗与所述第六帧的空闲时长的重叠部分不进行随机接入响应的检测，其中，所述第一时段位于所述第六帧，所述第二时段位于第七帧，所述第一时段和所述第二时段的长度之和等于所述随机接入响应时间窗的时长，所述第六帧与所述第五帧为同一个帧或位于所述第五帧之后，所述第七帧位于所述第六帧之后。
  38. 根据权利要求31-37中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元采用所述第一信道接入类型接入第一非授权频段之后，所述收发单元还用于：
    从所述网络设备接收第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述第一信道接入类型的有效剩余时间，所述第一信道接入类型在所述有效剩余时间之后可能发生改变；
    在所述有效剩余时间之后从所述网络设备接收第二系统消息，并根据所述第二系统消 息的指示确定所述有效剩余时间之后的信道接入类型。
  39. 根据权利要求31-38中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    从所述网络设备接收第二RRC信令，所述第二RRC信令中携带除了所述第一非授权频段之外的至少一个第二非授权频段的帧的配置信息，所述至少一个第二非授权频段与所述第一非授权频段互不相同。
  40. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  41. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求12-25中任一项所述的方法。
  42. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于从读取并执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  43. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于从读取并执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行如权利要求12-25中任一项所述的方法。
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