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WO2020030343A1 - Groupe d'approvisionnement pour un système de piles à combustible pour l'approvisionnement et/ou la commande d'un milieu gazeux - Google Patents

Groupe d'approvisionnement pour un système de piles à combustible pour l'approvisionnement et/ou la commande d'un milieu gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020030343A1
WO2020030343A1 PCT/EP2019/066625 EP2019066625W WO2020030343A1 WO 2020030343 A1 WO2020030343 A1 WO 2020030343A1 EP 2019066625 W EP2019066625 W EP 2019066625W WO 2020030343 A1 WO2020030343 A1 WO 2020030343A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cross
fuel cell
sectional areas
jet pump
delivery unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/066625
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Wursthorn
Armin RICHTER
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2020030343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020030343A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/461—Adjustable nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/54—Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • Delivery unit for a fuel cell system for the delivery and / or control of a gaseous medium
  • the present invention relates to a delivery unit for a fuel cell system for conveying and / or controlling a gaseous medium, in particular special hydrogen, which is provided in particular for use in vehicles with a fuel cell drive.
  • gaseous fuels will also play an increasing role in the automotive sector in the future.
  • Hydrogen gas flows must be controlled, particularly in vehicles with a fuel cell drive.
  • the gas flows are no longer controlled discontinuously, as in the injection of liquid fuel, but rather the gas is removed from at least one tank, in particular a high-pressure tank, and passed to the delivery unit via an inflow line of a medium-pressure line system.
  • This delivery unit leads the gas via a connecting line of a low pressure line system to a fuel cell.
  • a delivery unit for a fuel cell system for the promotion of a gaseous medium, in particular what is hydrogen, with a jet pump driven by a propellant jet of a pressurized gaseous medium and a metering valve.
  • the delivery unit can be designed as a combined valve jet pump arrangement and has the components of the first inlet, suction area, mixing tube and egg NEN diffuser and wherein the diffuser is fluidly connected via an outlet manifold with an anode input of the fuel cell.
  • a medium in particular a propellant
  • a medium can be discharged through a nozzle by means of the conveying unit, which medium is then mixed with a recirculation medium.
  • the flow of the propellant can be controlled using the metering valve.
  • the delivery unit known from DE 10 2014 221 506 A1 can have certain disadvantages.
  • the sizes of the cross-sectional areas of the conveying unit running orthogonally to a flow direction vary, as a result of which increased pressure losses and / or friction losses result for the gaseous medium to be conveyed, while it flows through the delivery unit and / or the fuel cell.
  • a reduction in the size of the cross-sectional areas in the flow direction a throttling effect is achieved and a local flow resistance is formed in the flow direction.
  • an increase in the size of the cross-sectional areas in the flow direction leads to disadvantageous effects such as flow losses and / or pressure losses.
  • the changing size of the cross-sectional areas accelerates and brakes the gaseous medium several times, which can lead to additional flow energy losses and / or pressure energy losses. This reduces the efficiency of the conveyor unit.
  • a delivery unit for a fuel cell system is proposed for the delivery and / or recirculation of a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, the hydrogen being referred to below as Fh.
  • the size of a cross-sectional area A orthogonal to a flow direction VII of the end region of a diffuser facing an outlet manifold and the size of orthogonal to Flow direction VII extending cross-sectional areas B of the exhaust manifold are at least approximately the same.
  • the pressure loss and / or loss of friction of the gaseous medium in the delivery unit, in particular in the region of the end region of the diffuser and the outlet manifold can be reduced because, due to the constant size of the cross-sectional area, speed fluctuations and / or pressure fluctuations in the medium flowing through the delivery unit can be almost prevented.
  • the design of the conveyor assembly according to the invention can achieve the advantage that a larger deflection radius can be achieved for a given overall length, for example due to the available installation space in the overall vehicle, as a result of which the flow energy losses in the conveyor assembly are caused by friction of the gaseous Me dium with the surface of the flow geometry.
  • This offers the advantage of a high efficiency of the delivery unit with a compact design of the delivery unit.
  • the measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the delivery unit specified in claim 1.
  • the subclaims relate to preferred developments of the invention.
  • the delivery unit there is a connecting piece between the outlet manifold and an anode inlet of a fuel cell, the size of the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece running orthogonally to the flow direction VII being at least approximately equal to the size of the cross-sectional area A and the size of the cross-sectional areas B. are, wherein in particular the connecting piece connects the outlet manifold to the anode inlet of the fuel cell at least indirectly fluidly.
  • the size of the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input of the fuel cell which is orthogonal to the flow direction VII is at least approximately equal to the size of the cross-sectional areas A, B and C, with a deflection and / or change in direction of the gaseous medium flowing in the flow direction VII exclusively in the Area of the exhaust manifold.
  • acceleration and / or deceleration of the gaseous medium when flowing through the connecting piece and the anode input of the fuel cell due to reducing and / or increasing cross-sectional areas can be prevented. It can be prevented that energy is withdrawn from the gaseous medium, which is lost to it when flowing through reducing and / or increasing cross-sectional areas due to internal and external friction.
  • the advantage can be achieved that losses of pulse energy, kinetic energy and pressure are almost avoided or at least reduced.
  • the lowest possible friction between the medium to be conveyed, in particular H2 and the surface of the flow geometry of the conveying unit can be achieved.
  • pressure losses and / or frictional losses can be reduced to who can occur due to the flow deflections and / or changes in the directions of movement of the gaseous medium due to the deflection in the exhaust manifold. In this way, the efficiency of the delivery unit and / or the valve jet pump arrangement and / or the entire fuel cell system can be improved.
  • the advantage can be achieved in this way that the flow connection between a jet pump and the anode input can be realized as short as possible and / or at least almost without flow deflection.
  • the efficiency of the delivery unit and thus of the entire fuel cell system can be increased due to the reduced friction losses.
  • an improved cold start ability of the delivery unit can be achieved, since the connecting piece cools more slowly, in particular due to the higher dimensions, and therefore formation of ice bridges in the flow cross-section is made more difficult, especially in the case of a cure zen downtimes.
  • the transitions in the flow area of the delivery unit between the parts of the jet pump can be carried out in a flow-optimized manner.
  • the flow resistance of the conveying unit can be reduced, in particular in the region of the diffuser, outlet manifold and connecting piece.
  • the flow losses and / or pressure losses of the medium to be conveyed can be reduced in the inner flow cross section of the conveying unit and there are almost no friction and / or flow losses.
  • the efficiency of the delivery unit and thus the efficiency of the entire fuel cell system can be increased.
  • the design of the delivery unit according to the invention has the advantage that the delivery unit and / or the combined valve-steel pump arrangement can be connected to an end plate of the fuel cell in a space-saving and compact design, thereby reducing the space requirement and the installation space of the fuel cells System in the overall vehicle can be reduced.
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser and / or the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece and / or the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input of the fuel cell each have a circular shape , In this way, a flow-optimized transition from the flow region of the end region of the diffuser to the flow region of the outlet manifold and / or from the flow region of the outlet manifold to the flow region of the connecting piece and / or to the flow region of the anode input of the fuel cell is realized.
  • the size of the cross-sectional areas A, B and / o of the C and / or D are at least approximately the same, the diameter of the flow areas of the respective areas is thus also the same. Therefore, there is almost no flow resistance between the flow areas of the diffuser, exhaust manifold and / or connector and / or anode input of the fuel cell due to shape transitions, such as a shape transition from a circular shape of the cross-sectional area to a rectangular shape with rounded corners. In this way, gaps or edges in the flow area of the delivery unit, which can cause turbulence or flow breaks of the medium to be conveyed, are almost avoided in the area of these transitions. The efficiency of the conveyor unit can thus be increased.
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser and / or the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input of the fuel cell each have a circular shape
  • the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the Connection piece each have an oval shape
  • the oval cross-sectional areas B, C being shaped as an ellipse.
  • the oval shape of the exhaust manifold is designed such that there is the advantage that the area of curvature can be made more compact due to the smaller distance between the surfaces of the flow area, in particular the distance parallel to the radius of curvature, and thus a more compact design of the conveyor gregats can be achieved.
  • the conveyor unit can also be installed in vehicles that have only a small available space.
  • the flow transitions from the circular shape to the oval shape and vice versa are carried out as flow-optimized as possible, so that no edges or gaps form orthogonal to the flow direction VII of the gaseous medium, which could cause turbulence and / or braking.
  • the transition from a circular shape of the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser to the oval shape of the cross-sectional area B of the exhaust manifold is advantageous in terms of flow technology, since a transition from a circular to a rectangular shape with non-rounded corners, as is particularly the case in the prior art Technology is the case, a disadvantageous effect arises, in which there is increased turbulence and / or stalls of the medium to be conveyed in the area of the transitions, which reduces the efficiency of the delivery unit.
  • this disadvantageous effect is at least almost completely avoided by the inventive design of the transition of the cross-sectional areas from the end region of the diffuser to the exhaust manifold. Therefore, the advantage can be obtained of improving the efficiency and the delivery rate of the delivery unit.
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser and / or the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece each have a circular shape
  • the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input of the fuel cell each have a rectangular shape with rounded corners
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser has a circular shape
  • the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connector each having an oval shape
  • the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input of the fuel cell each having a rectangular shape with a round shape th corners.
  • the respective cross-sectional areas B of the exhaust manifold and / or the respective cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece in the flow direction VII change from a circular shape to an oval shape and / or from an oval shape to a circular shape.
  • an improved flow guidance of the gaseous medium in the delivery unit can be achieved, the gaseous medium due to the transitions of the shape from the end region of the diffuser to the outlet manifold and / or from the outlet manifold to the connector and / or to the anode input of the fuel cell experiences such a flow guidance so that it can flow with reduced flow losses and / or pressure losses through the area in which it experiences a deflection or change of direction, in particular through the exhaust manifold.
  • the shape Transitions in flow direction VII are carried out in such a way that no edges and / or gaps occur which could cause a stall and / or turbulence in the gaseous medium flowing through. Therefore, according to the configuration of the conveyor unit according to the invention, the cross-sectional areas which have a rectangular shape each have rounded corners, the radius of the rounded corners allowing a flow-optimized transition to a flow cross-section with a circular shape or an oval shape. The radius of the rounded corners of the respective region can vary in the direction of flow VII in order to achieve a flow-optimized transition on the one hand.
  • the radius of the rounded corners can also vary in such a way that a flow-optimized deflection or change of direction of the gaseous medium in the conveyor unit can be achieved.
  • the design of the conveyor assembly according to the invention has the advantage that a larger deflection radius can be achieved with a given overall length, for example due to the available installation space in the entire vehicle, as a result of which the flow energy losses in the conveyor assembly are reduced by friction of the gaseous medium.
  • the exhaust manifold sections and / or connecting pieces are manufactured as separate partial pieces, these being subsequently connected to one another and / or to the anode input of the fuel cell and / or to the diffuser of the valve jet pump arrangement, the connection being in particular force-fitting and / or form-fitting.
  • the sections are made of exhaust manifold and / or connecting piece by means of a forming process, in particular by means of a tensile pressure forming process and / or by means of a deep-drawing process.
  • the advantage can be achieved that the transitions in the flow cross section of the conveying unit between the parts of the conveying unit, in particular in the transition from one to the next section, can be carried out as smoothly and flow-optimized as possible, with gaps or edges in the area of these in particular Transitions can almost be avoided.
  • gaps or edges in the flow cross-section can lead to turbulence or a braking of the flow of the medium to be conveyed.
  • the invented In accordance with the design of the delivery unit, the internal flow resistance was reduced in the flow cross-section, which increases the efficiency of the delivery unit.
  • connection method of cohesive connection in combination with a manufacturing process of the parts by means of shaping, in particular tensile pressure forming, un different sizes of the conveying unit by varying the sizes of the parts and a corresponding combination of the parts, for example by means of a modular construction of the individual Parts are implemented, while the manufacturing costs, the manufacturing costs and the assembly costs can be kept low.
  • increased diffusion tightness can be achieved in this way, since the integral connection and joining process of the sections results in a sustainable and almost inseparable connection of the sections.
  • the combined valve jet pump arrangement has a heating element, the valve jet pump arrangement and / or the outlet manifold and / or the connecting piece being made of a material or an alloy with a low specific heat capacity. Since water can diffuse in the area of the fuel cell from a cathode area into an anode area through a membrane during operation of the fuel cell system, this water can flow along in the flow area of the anode side and accumulate at certain points. When the vehicle is switched off and thus a fuel cell system is switched off, this water can freeze at low temperatures, in particular below 0 ° C, and when the vehicle is idle for a long time and form so-called ice bridges.
  • the advantage can therefore be achieved that a faster warming up of the sections from the outlet manifold and the connecting piece and thus of the entire delivery unit can be brought about.
  • the heating element can be supplied with energy, in particular electrical energy, the heating element converting this energy into heat and / or converts heating energy. This process is advantageous due to the low specific heat capacity of the others Components of the conveyor unit are supported, by means of which the thermal energy can penetrate quickly into the entire conveyor unit and can remove existing ice bridges.
  • the faster warming up of the sections and the conveyor unit means that existing ice bridges can be removed more quickly, especially by melting through the introduction of heat.
  • the heating energy during a cold start process can advance to a nozzle in a short time after the heating element is switched on, and existing ice bridges in the area of the nozzle and the actuators of a metering valve can be heated and thus eliminated.
  • the probability of failure due to damage to the components of the conveyor unit can be reduced.
  • the cold start capability of the delivery unit and thus of the entire fuel cell system can be improved, since the ice bridges can be thawed and removed more quickly.
  • less energy, in particular electrical energy and / or thermal energy through the heating element used has to be introduced into the conveyor unit.
  • the operating costs of the delivery unit and of the entire fuel cell system can be reduced, particularly in the event of frequent cold starts due to low ambient temperatures and / or long idle times of the vehicle.
  • a high resistance to the medium to be conveyed by the conveying unit and / or other constituents from the surroundings of the conveying unit, such as chemicals, can be achieved. This in turn increases the service life of the conveyor unit and the probability of failure due to material damage to the housing can be reduced.
  • the delivery unit as components has the valve jet pump arrangement and / or a side channel compressor and / or a water separator, these being positioned on the end plate of the fuel cell in such a way that the flow lines between and / or within the components of the delivery unit are exclusively run parallel to the end plate, the end plate between the fuel cell and the För deraggregat is arranged.
  • the valve jet pump arrangement and / or a side channel compressor and / or a water separator these being positioned on the end plate of the fuel cell in such a way that the flow lines between and / or within the components of the delivery unit are exclusively run parallel to the end plate, the end plate between the fuel cell and the För deraggregat is arranged.
  • a direct and as short as possible flow line between the components of the conveyor can be provided.
  • the number of flow deflections and / or changes in the directions of movement of the gaseous medium in the conveyor unit can be reduced to the lowest possible number.
  • the flow losses and / or pressure losses within the För deraggregats can be reduced due to the length of the flow lines and / or the number of flow deflections. It is also advantageous that the flow lines between and / or within the components of the delivery unit run parallel to the plate-shaped carrier element. A flow deflection of the gaseous medium is thus further reduced, as a result of which the flow losses can be reduced further. As a result, the efficiency of the conveyor unit can be improved and the energy expenditure for operating the conveyor device can be reduced. In addition, the advantage can be achieved in this way that a simple positioning of the components relative to one another can be achieved by the components each having to be connected to the plate-shaped carrier element. This allows the number of components required for assembly to be reduced, which in turn leads to cost savings for the conveyor. Furthermore, the probability of an assembly error due to incorrectly aligned components of the conveyor is reduced, which in turn reduces the probability of failure of the conveyor assembly in operation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a delivery unit with a combined valve jet pump arrangement
  • Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the cross-sectional areas A, B, C, D running orthogonal to a flow direction VII according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the cross-sectional areas B, C running orthogonally to a flow direction VII, in each case according to a second exemplary embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of the orthogonal to a flow direction VII cross-sectional areas D according to a two th embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows a partially schematic sectional view of a fuel cell
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a För deraggregats 1, wherein the conveyor unit 1 has a combined valve-jet pump assembly 8.
  • the combined valve jet pump arrangement 8 has a metering valve 6 and a jet pump 4, the Dosierven valve 6 being connected to the jet pump 4, for example by means of a screw connection, in particular with a base body 13 of the jet pump 4.
  • the jet pump 4 has in its base body 13 a first inlet 28, a second inlet 36a, a suction area 7, a mixing tube 18, a diffuser 20 and an outlet manifold 22 and / or a connecting piece 26.
  • the metering valve 6 has a second inlet 36b and a nozzle 12. The metering valve 6 is inserted in particular in the direction of a longitudinal axis 50 into the jet pump 4, in particular into an opening in the base body 13 of the jet pump 4.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel cell system 31 is shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 31 having the components fuel cell 29, water separator 24, side channel compressor 10 and delivery unit with valve jet pump arrangement 8.
  • the fuel cell 29 is at least indirectly fluidic with the water separator 24 by means of an anode outlet 9 and / or an anode inlet 5 and / or the side channel compressor 10 and / or the valve jet pump arrangement 8 connected.
  • the components water separator 24 and / or the side channel compressor 10 and / or the valve jet pump arrangement 8 are at least indirectly fluidly connected to one another.
  • the components water separator 24 and side channel compressor 10 are optional components which do not necessarily have to be present in the delivery unit 1 and / or in the fuel cell system 31.
  • the fuel cell 29 has an end plate 2, the anode outlet 9 and the anode inlet 5 running through the end plate 2.
  • the end plate 2 is located on the side of the fuel cell 29 facing the valve jet pump arrangement 8.
  • Fig. 1 it is also shown that the combined valve jet pump arrangement 8 is flowed through by a medium to be conveyed in a flow direction VII.
  • the majority of the flow areas of the valve jet pump arrangement 8 are at least approximately tubular and serve to convey and / or conduct the gaseous medium, which is in particular H2, in the delivery unit 1.
  • the gas medium flows through it a central flow area in the interior of the base body 13 parallel to the longitudinal axis 50 in the flow direction VII, the central flow area in the area of the mouth of the nozzle 12 in the suction area 7 starts and through the mixing tube 18, the diffuser 20 to the outlet manifold mer 22 extends.
  • the valve jet pump arrangement 8 is fed a recirculate through the first inlet 28, the recirculate being in particular the unused H2 from the anode region of the fuel cell 29, in particular a stack, the recirculate also being water and may have nitrogen.
  • the recirculate flows into the valve jet pump arrangement 8 on a first flow path.
  • a gaseous propellant, in particular H2 flows through the second inlet 36 on a second flow path from outside the valve jet pump arrangement 8 , into a recess in the valve jet pump arrangement 8 and / or into the base body 13 and / or the metering valve 6 , wherein the propellant comes from a tank 34 and is under high pressure, in particular more than 10 bar.
  • the second inlet 36a, b runs through the components of the base body 13 and / or the metering valve 6.
  • the metering valve 6 removes the propellant from the metering valve 6 by means of actuators and a completely closable valve element, in particular intermittently, through the nozzle 12 into the suction area 7 and / or Mixing tube 18 drained sen.
  • the H2 flowing through the nozzle 12 and serving as the drive medium has a pressure difference from the recirculation medium, the recirculation medium flowing from the first inlet 28 into the delivery unit 1, the drive medium in particular having a higher pressure of at least 10 bar.
  • the recirculation medium is conveyed with a low pressure and a low mass flow into the central flow region of the delivery unit 1, for example by using a side channel compressor 10 connected upstream of the delivery unit 1.
  • the propellant flows with it the pressure difference described and a high speed, which may in particular be close to the speed of sound, through the nozzle 12 into the central flow region 21 of the suction region 7 and / or the mixing tube 18.
  • the nozzle 12 has an inner recess in the form of a flow cross section through which the gaseous medium can flow, in particular coming from the metering valve 6 and flowing into the suction area 7 and / or the mixing tube 18.
  • the propellant meets the recirculation medium that is already in the central flow area of the suction area 7 and / or the mixing tube 18. Due to the high speed and / or pressure difference between the propellant and the recirculation medium, an internal friction and turbulence between the media is generated. This creates a shear stress in the boundary layer between the fast propellant and the much slower recirculation medium. This voltage be impulse transmission, whereby the recirculation medium is accelerated and carried away.
  • the mixing takes place according to the principle of conservation of momentum.
  • the recirculation medium is accelerated in the flow direction VII and a pressure drop arises for the recirculation medium, as a result of which a suction effect occurs and thus further recirculation medium is replenished from the area of the first inlet 28.
  • This effect can be referred to as jet pumping effect.
  • the propellant medium can be prevented from flowing in from the second inlet 36 into the central flow region of the jet pump 4, so that the propellant medium does not continue in the flow direction VII can flow into the suction area 7 and / or the mixing tube 18 to the recirculation medium and thus the jet pump effect is suspended.
  • the mixed and to be conveyed medium which consists in particular of the recirculation medium and the propellant medium, flows in the flow direction VII into the diffuser 20, it being possible for the diffuser 20 to reduce the flow velocity.
  • the medium flows in the direction of flow VII from the diffuser 20 into the outlet manifold 22, where it is deflected accordingly, and from there via the connector 26 into the anode inlet 5 of the fuel cell 29.
  • the direction of flow VII changes the deflection in the exhaust manifold 22 in an area which is almost rectangular, where the gaseous medium in the area of the mixing tube 18 and the diffuser 20 flows almost in the direction of the longitudinal axis 50 and the gaseous medium after passing through the exhaust manifold 22 flows in the area of the connec tion piece 26 and at least a portion of the anode input 5 in the direction of a transverse axis 52.
  • the jet pump 4 from FIG. 1 has technical features which additionally improve the jet pump effect and the delivery efficiency and / or further improve the cold start process and / or production and assembly costs.
  • the portion of the diffuser 20 runs conically in the region of its inner flow cross-section, in particular increasing in the direction of flow VII.
  • the nozzle 12 and the mixing tube 18 and / or the diffuser 20 can run coaxially with one another.
  • This shape of the section Dif fusor 20 can produce the advantageous effect that the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, whereby the possible delivery volume of the delivery unit 1 can be further increased, whereby more of the to be promoted Medium, in particular H2, the fuel cell 29 can be supplied, whereby the efficiency of the entire fuel cell system 31 can be increased.
  • Fig. 1 shows that flow cross sections are formed in the internal flow area of the jet pump 4, which are in particular orthogonal to the flow direction VII.
  • the end region of the conically enlarged diffuser 20 forms a cross-sectional area A
  • the outlet manifold 22 forms at least two cross-sectional areas B, these cross-sectional areas B not running parallel to one another due to the curvature and / or the bend of the outlet manifold 22.
  • the optional connecting piece 26 forms at least two cross-sectional areas C and the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 forms at least two cross-sectional areas D.
  • the delivery unit 1, in particular the jet pump 4, is designed in such a way that the size of the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser 20 facing the outlet manifold 22 and the size of the cross-sectional areas B of the cross section orthogonal to the flow direction VII Exhaust manifold 22 are at least approximately the same.
  • the connector 26 is located between the outlet manifold 22 and the anode inlet 5 of the fuel cell 29, the size of the cross-sectional areas C of the connector 26 running orthogonally to the flow direction VII being at least approximately equal to the size of the cross-sectional area A and the size of the cross-sectional areas B.
  • the connector 26 connects at least indirectly fluidly the exhaust manifold 22 to the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29.
  • the size of the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 which is orthogonal to the flow direction VII can be at least approximately equal to the size of the cross-sectional areas A, B and C.
  • the gaseous medium flowing in the flow direction VII is deflected and / or changed in the jet pump 4 exclusively in the area of the outlet bend 22.
  • the metering valve 6 can be designed as a proportional valve 6 in order to enable an improved metering function and a more precise metering of the propellant medium into the suction area 7 and / or the mixing tube 18.
  • the nozzle 12 and the mixing tube 18 are rotationally symmetrical, the nozzle 12 running coaxially to the mixing tube 18 of the jet pump 4 ver.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view orthogonal to a
  • Cross-sectional areas A, B, C, D running in the direction of flow VII according to a first exemplary embodiment. It is shown that the cross-sectional areas of the respective components of the jet pump, such as diffuser 20, outlet manifold 22, connecting piece 26, anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29, are circular, the respective cross-sectional area A, B, C, D being circular with an almost constant radius.
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end area of the diffuser 20 and / or the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold 22 and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece 26 and / or the cross-sectional areas D of the ano the input 5 of the fuel cell 29 each have a circular shape, the respective cross-sectional area A, B, C, D running circular with an almost constant radius.
  • the delivery unit 1 and / or the jet pump 4 according to the invention can have this circular shape of the cross-sectional areas A, B, C, D in other areas, in particular in the flow areas, but also in all other flow areas of the fuel cell system 31.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the cross-sectional areas B, C running orthogonally to a flow direction VII according to a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the respective cross-sectional area is oval
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end region of the diffuser 20 and / or the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 each have a circular shape (as shown in FIG. 2) and the cross-sectional areas B des Exhaust manifold 22 and / or the cross-sectional surface C of the connector 26 each have an oval shape (as shown in Fig. 3 ge).
  • the oval cross-sectional areas B, C can be used as one Ellipse be formed, in particular a small semiaxis of the ellipse in the direction of the longitudinal axis 50 and / or the transverse axis 52.
  • this oval shape of the cross-sectional areas A, B, C, D shown in FIG. 3, depending on the embodiment of the delivery unit 1 and / or the jet pump 4, can be in any combination of the areas of the diffuser 20, outlet manifold 22, connecting piece 26 and Anode input 5 can be used in the delivery unit 1 according to the invention, but also in all other flow areas of the fuel cell system 31.
  • the respective cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold 22 and / or the respective cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece 26 can change in the flow direction VII from a circular shape to an oval shape and / or change from an oval shape to a circular shape.
  • the cross-sectional area D has a rectangular shape with rounded edges.
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end area of the diffuser 20 and / or the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold 22 and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece 26 each have a circular shape (as in FIG. 2 ) and the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 each have a rectangular shape with rounded corners (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the cross-sectional area A of the end area of the diffuser 20 has a circular shape and the cross-sectional areas B of the outlet manifold 22 and / or the cross-sectional areas C of the connecting piece 26 each have an oval shape and the cross-sectional areas D of the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 each have a rectangular shape with rounded corners. Furthermore, this rectangular shape shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a partially schematic sectional view of the fuel cell system 31 with the valve jet pump unit 2, the fuel cell 29 and the optional components water separator 24 and Be tenkanalver Noticer 10. It is shown that the combined valve-jet pump arrangement 8 on the fuel cell 29 is installed and / or attached, where in the valve jet pump arrangement 8 is mounted in particular on the end plate 2 of the fuel cell 29.
  • the exhaust manifold 22 and connecting piece 26 are not designed as part of the base body 13 of the jet pump 4 and / or are not located in the base body 13.
  • the components exhaust manifold 22 and / or connector 26 are made as separate parts, which subsequently with each other and / or with the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29 and / or with the diffuser 20 of the valve jet pump arrangement 8 and / or the base body 13 connected, the connection being in particular non-positive and / or positive.
  • the exhaust manifold sections 22 and / or connecting piece 26 can be produced by means of a forming process, in particular by means of a tensile pressure forming process and / or by means of a deep-drawing process.
  • the combined valve jet pump assembly 8 has an optional heating element 11, the valve jet pump assembly 8 and / or the outlet manifold 22 and / or the connector 26 made of a material or an alloy with a low specific heat capacity are manufactured.
  • the cold start ability can be improved, in particular at temperatures below 0 ° Celsius, since ice bridges present in the flow area of the valve jet pump arrangement 8 are thus broken down can be.
  • the heating element 11 can be integrated in the base body 13 of the jet pump 4 or can be arranged thereon.
  • the water separator 24 has the task here of what occurs during operation of the fuel cell 29 and together with the gaseous medium, in particular H 2 the anode outlet 9 flows back into the valve jet pump arrangement 8 to be removed from the system.
  • the water which may be in gaseous and / or liquid form, cannot penetrate into the recirculation blower 10 and / or the jet pump 4 and / or the metering valve 6, since it is separated directly from the gaseous medium by the water separator 24 and from the fuel cells -System 31 winningeinrich device. Damage to the components of the delivery unit 1 and / or the fuel cell system 31, in particular the movable parts of the components, by corrosion can thereby be prevented, as a result of which the service life of all components through which flow is increased.
  • the medium does not have to undergo any further deflection in the later course and, after passing through the outlet manifold 22, can flow into the anode input 5 with almost no further deflections or with only slight further deflections and friction losses.
  • the valve jet pump arrangement 8 and / or the delivery unit 1 is preferably arranged parallel to the end plate 2 of the fuel cell 29. This applies in particular if the fuel cell system 31 can have compact dimensions due to structural restrictions on or in the vehicle. Therefore, the anode gas flow that exits the jet pump 4 must be deflected almost at right angles or at least in an acute angle in order to reach the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29.
  • the delivery unit 1 has as components the valve jet pump arrangement 8 and / or the side channel compressor 10 and / or the water separator 24, these being positioned on the end plate 2 of the fuel cell 29 such that the flow lines between and / or run within half of the components of the delivery unit 1 parallel to the end plate 2, the end plate 2 being arranged between the fuel cell 29 and the delivery unit 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un groupe d'approvisionnement (1) pour un système de piles à combustible (31) pour l'approvisionnement et/ou la commande d'un milieu gazeux, en particulier d'hydrogène, pourvu d'une pompe à jet (4) entraînée par un jet de propulsion d'un milieu gazeux se trouvant sous pression et d'une vanne de dosage (6), le groupe d'approvisionnement (1) étant réalisé en tant qu'agencement combiné (8) de la vanne et de la pompe à jet, une sortie du groupe d'approvisionnement (1) étant raccordée fluidiquement à une entrée d'anode (5) d'une pile à combustible (29), la pompe à jet (4) comportant une zone d'aspiration (7), un tuyau de mélange (18) et un diffuseur (20) et étant traversée par le milieu gazeux dans une direction d'écoulement (VII) et le diffuseur (20) étant raccordé fluidiquement à l'entrée d'anode (5) de la pile à combustible (29) par le biais d'un collecteur de sortie (22). Selon l'invention, la grandeur d'une surface de section transversale (A) de la zone d'extrémité du diffuseur (20) tournée vers le collecteur de sortie (22) s'étendant orthogonalement à la direction d'écoulement (VII) et la grandeur des surfaces de section transversale (B) du collecteur de sortie (22) s'étendant orthogonalement à la direction d'écoulement (VII) sont au moins approximativement égales.
PCT/EP2019/066625 2018-08-08 2019-06-24 Groupe d'approvisionnement pour un système de piles à combustible pour l'approvisionnement et/ou la commande d'un milieu gazeux Ceased WO2020030343A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018213313.1A DE102018213313A1 (de) 2018-08-08 2018-08-08 Förderaggregat für ein Brennstoffzellen-System zur Förderung und/oder Steuerung eines gasförmigen Mediums
DE102018213313.1 2018-08-08

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DE102019204723A1 (de) * 2019-04-03 2020-10-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Förderaggregat für ein Brennstoffzellen-System zur Förderung und/oder Steuerung eines gasförmigen Mediums
DE102019214676A1 (de) * 2019-09-25 2021-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Förderaggregat für ein Brennstoffzellen-System zur Förderung und/oder Steuerung eines gasförmigen Mediums
DE102020207269A1 (de) 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Förderaggregat für ein Brennstoffzellen-System zur Förderung und/oder Steuerung eines gasförmigen Mediums
DE102021206156A1 (de) 2021-06-16 2022-12-22 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Förderaggregat für ein Brennstoffzellen-System zur Förderung und/oder Steuerung eines gasförmigen Mediums und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Förderaggregats

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AU2002325650B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2008-04-17 Chaozhou Three-Circle (Group) Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system and method for recycling exhaust
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US12261342B2 (en) 2021-12-29 2025-03-25 Electric Hydrogen Co. Geometric shapes for reduced manifold pressure drop

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