WO2020022337A1 - チョコレート様食品 - Google Patents
チョコレート様食品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020022337A1 WO2020022337A1 PCT/JP2019/028865 JP2019028865W WO2020022337A1 WO 2020022337 A1 WO2020022337 A1 WO 2020022337A1 JP 2019028865 W JP2019028865 W JP 2019028865W WO 2020022337 A1 WO2020022337 A1 WO 2020022337A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- mass
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- chocolate
- acid composition
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
- A23D9/04—Working-up
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/10—Ester interchange
Definitions
- the present invention relates to chocolate-like foods using transesterified fats and oils, particularly chocolates that are not subjected to a tempering operation.
- the tempering hard butter contains a large amount of SUS triglyceride (S: a saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms, U: a monounsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms) contained in cocoa butter, and is similar to cocoa butter. Has properties and properties. Therefore, it has high compatibility with cocoa butter and a texture similar to cocoa butter can be obtained. However, since strict temperature control is required for the tempering operation, it is desired to omit it.
- non-tempering type hard butter does not require a complicated tempering operation, so it can be suitably used for various combination foods in which bread and western confectionery are combined with chocolate, and a trans fatty acid type hard butter, ester, etc. It can be broadly divided into exchangeable / separable hard butter and lauric acid hard butter.
- trans-acid hard butters obtained by hydrogenating liquid oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil have been widely used because of their good dissolution in mouth and high compatibility with cocoa butter.
- liquid oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil
- the risk of trans fatty acids on health has been clarified, and low trans fatty acid type hard butter containing no trans fatty acids has been desired.
- transesterification / fractionation hard butter is obtained by chemically or enzymatically transesterifying raw fats and oils having a very low trans fatty acid content, for example, extremely hardened oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and solid fats such as palm oil. After carrying out, fractionation is carried out to have good melting in the mouth. However, the cost is high due to the complexity of the manufacturing method, and cheaper hard butter is desired.
- Lauric acid-type hard butter has been produced for a long time from fats and oils rich in triglycerides rich in lauric acid, and examples thereof include palm kernel oil fractionated hard oil and coconut oil. These have the same texture and properties as cocoa butter, and have various advantages such as good gloss.However, during storage, bloom and graining develop violently, so cocoa butter and cocoa butter are often used. Cannot be blended.
- Patent Documents 5 to 9 disclose chocolate fat compositions containing a low trans acid content and containing a lauric fat.
- JP 2005-507028 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-532802 JP 2007-319043 A International Publication WO2011 / 138918 JP 2008-182961 A JP 2010-142152 A JP 2010-142153 A JP 2011-115075 A JP 2016-116486 A
- Cocoa feeling is a chocolate flavor that can be felt more strongly by increasing the mixing ratio of cacao mass in chocolate, and cacao mass is indispensable for imparting a cacao feeling and a delicious chocolate flavor, but cacao mass is about 55%.
- the mass% is cocoa butter, and if a large amount of cocoa mass is added, a large amount of cocoa butter is contained at the same time, and fat bloom occurs in the coating step without tempering, so that the mixing ratio of cocoa mass was limited.
- Patent Literatures 1 to 4 which are fat compositions for chocolate having a low trans acid content and containing no lauric fat, tend to have poor mouthfeel.
- Patent Documents 5 to 9 considered that although the mouthfeel was relatively good, further improvement in quality was necessary, including the limitation of cocoa butter, bloom resistance and poor mouthfeel.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the compatibility with cocoa butter and bloom resistance, reduce the trans fatty acid content, have sharp melting properties, and have a good melting property in the mouth. Is to provide food.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, in the constituent fatty acid composition, the unsaturated fatty acid content was adjusted to 10% by mass or less, and the other fatty acid composition was adjusted to the specified content.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by containing a transesterified fat and a specific amount of a cocoa component, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention (1) A chocolate-like food containing 5% to 50% by mass of a transesterified oil and fat satisfying all of (A) to (J) and 5% to 50% by mass of a cocoa component.
- A In the constituent fatty acid composition, the content of the saturated fatty acid having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is 90 to 99.5% by mass.
- B In the constituent fatty acid composition, the content of a saturated fatty acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is 6 to 18% by mass.
- C In the constituent fatty acid composition, the content of the saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms is 25 to 50% by mass.
- the content of the saturated fatty acid having 12 or less carbon atoms is 35 to 60% by mass.
- the content of a saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms is 1% by mass or less.
- the content of lauric acid is 20 to 50% by mass.
- the content of palmitic acid is 20 to 38% by mass.
- the content of stearic acid is 3 to 20% by mass.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content is 0.5 to 10% by mass.
- the trans fatty acid content is 5% by mass or less. However, in the fatty acid composition analysis of (A) to (J), the fatty acid is analyzed by propyl esterification.
- CN48 or more triglyceride in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acids of the triglyceride in fats and oils is 48 or more
- CN28 or less triglyceride having a total carbon number of the fatty acid of the triglyceride in the fat or oil of 28 or less
- the content of lauric acid is 20 to 70% by mass.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content is 5% by mass or less.
- the content of the saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms is 5 to 50% by mass.
- the fatty acid is methyl esterified and analyzed.
- the chocolate-like food of (4), wherein the non-esterified fat or oil of (4) has a rising melting point of 30 ° C or more and 40 ° C or less.
- the chocolate-like food according to (4) or (5), wherein the content of the saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms is 10 to 25% by mass in the constituent fatty acid composition of (4). .
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention has a high solidification rate and is excellent in workability during chocolate production, while reducing the content of a saturated fatty acid having 16 or more carbon atoms, which deteriorates mouthfeel.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the tempering operation is unnecessary, the compatibility with cocoa butter, the bloom resistance, and the mouth melting
- tempering work is unnecessary, and a delicious chocolate with good melting in the mouth and a cocoa feeling can be provided.
- the chocolate-like food of the present invention contains 5 to 50% by mass of transesterified fat.
- the content is 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass.
- the transesterified fat when used for coating, it has properties such as sharp mouth melting and bloom resistance, solidification speed and gloss after solidification, and difficulty in peeling off from the coating when eaten. May not be obtained. If it exceeds 50% by mass, the above-mentioned properties can be obtained, but the chocolate flavor becomes thin and good flavor may not be obtained, and the oily feeling may become strong, which is not preferable.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention is a transesterified fat that satisfies all of the following (A) to (J).
- A) In the constituent fatty acid composition the content of the saturated fatty acid having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is 90 to 99.5% by mass.
- B) In the constituent fatty acid composition the content of a saturated fatty acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is 6 to 18% by mass.
- D In the constituent fatty acid composition, the content of the saturated fatty acid having 12 or less carbon atoms is 35 to 60% by mass.
- the content of a saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms is 1% by mass or less.
- the content of lauric acid is 20 to 50% by mass.
- the content of palmitic acid is 20 to 38% by mass.
- the content of stearic acid is 3 to 20% by mass.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content is 0.5 to 10% by mass.
- the trans fatty acid content is 5% by mass or less.
- the fatty acid is propyl-esterified and analyzed.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention is characterized in that the unsaturated fatty acid content in the constituent fatty acid composition (I) is 0.5 to 10% by mass as compared with the no-tempered hard butter obtained by the prior art. And there is an important difference. It is preferably 1 to 8% by mass, more preferably 1 to 7% by mass, further preferably 1 to 6% by mass, and most preferably 1 to 5% by mass. If the unsaturated fatty acid content exceeds 10% by mass, low melting point triglycerides increase, which is not desirable. If the amount is less than 0.5% by mass, the amount of the triglyceride having a low melting point may be too small.
- the oleic acid content is preferably 0.5 to 7% by mass, more preferably 1 to 6% by mass, further preferably 1 to 5% by mass, and most preferably 1 to 4% by mass. If the oleic acid content exceeds 7% by mass, the amount of low-melting triglycerides increases, which is not desirable. If the amount is less than 0.5% by mass, the amount of the triglyceride having a low melting point may be too small.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content in the constituent fatty acid composition (I) is 0.5 to 10% by mass, and the content of the saturated fatty acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid composition is 6% instead.
- the content is set to 1818% by mass, the lowering of the melting point of the transesterified fat can be suppressed, and sharp melting characteristics can be obtained. Since the production of low-melting-point triglycerides can be reduced, the required amount of high-melting-point triglycerides can be minimized, so that a good mouthfeel can be obtained when chocolate is produced.
- Such reduced production of low-melting-point triglycerides and reduced production of high-melting-point triglycerides also lead to obtaining sharp melting characteristics without performing separation. If the content of the saturated fatty acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms exceeds 18% by mass, low-melting-point triglycerides in the obtained transesterified fats and oils are undesirably increased. If it is less than 6% by mass, the desired medium melting point triglyceride is reduced, and sharp melting characteristics cannot be obtained, which is not desirable.
- the content of the saturated fatty acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably 6 to 18% by mass, more preferably 6 to 15% by mass, further preferably 7 to 15% by mass, and most preferably 8 to 15% by mass.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention has a saturated fatty acid content of 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid composition of 90 to 99.5% by mass, preferably 95 to 99% by mass. If the amount is less than 90% by mass, the desired melting property of the transesterified fat cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 99.5% by mass, the amount of the triglyceride having a low melting point may be too small.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention has a lauric acid content of 20 to 50% by mass, preferably 25 to 50% by mass, more preferably 25 to 45% by mass, and still more preferably 30 to 45% by mass in the constituent fatty acid composition. % By mass. If the content is less than 20% by mass, the relative contents of stearic acid and palmitic acid in the saturated fatty acid content will be high, dissolving in the mouth will deteriorate, and sharp melting characteristics will not be obtained. If the lauric acid content exceeds 50% by mass, the relative stearic acid and palmitic acid contents in the saturated fatty acid content will be low, and the SFC% in the entire temperature range will be low, resulting in sharp melting characteristics. Can not be obtained.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention has a palmitic acid content of 20 to 38% by mass, preferably 20 to 37% by mass, and more preferably 20 to 36% by mass in the constituent fatty acid composition. By setting it in such a range, desired sharp melting characteristics can be obtained. If it exceeds 38% by mass, melting in the mouth deteriorates, which is not desirable.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention has a saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid composition in an amount of 25 to 50% by mass, preferably 30 to 50% by mass. If it exceeds 50% by mass, dissolution in the mouth deteriorates, and the desired transesterified fat and oil cannot be dissolved in the mouth.
- the content of the saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid composition is 1% by mass or less, preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less. is there.
- the transesterified fats and oils of the present invention have sharp melting characteristics and a good solidification rate even when the saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms is 1% by mass or less.
- the fatty acid composition of transesterified fats and oils is reported by Yoshinaga et al., ⁇ The Collaborative Study on the Enzymatic Analysis of Positional Distribution of of Short-and-Medium-chain Fatty Acids in Milk Fat Using Using Immobilized Bandida Lipase '' Fatty acid residues were propyl-esterified and measured according to the method described.
- the numerical value obtained by analysis is small. Or the accuracy may be poor.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention preferably has (content of CN48 or more) / (content of CN28 or less) of 20 or less, more preferably 1.5 to 20, still more preferably 2 to 20, More preferably, it is 2 to 15, most preferably 2 to 10. It is preferable to keep the content within such a range, because desired sharp melting characteristics can be easily obtained.
- CN48 or more triglyceride whose total carbon number of triglyceride constituent fatty acids in fats and oils is 48 or more CN28 or less: triglyceride whose total carbon number of triglyceride constituent fatty acids in fats and oils is 28 or less
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention preferably has a content of CN30 to CN38 (triglyceride having a total carbon number of fatty acids of triglyceride of 30 to 38 in the fat and oil) of 20 to 50% by mass, more preferably 20 to 50% by mass. 40% by mass.
- a content of 20 to 50% by mass is preferable because sharp melting characteristics can be easily obtained. If it is less than 20% by mass, the SFC% at 25 ° C to 35 ° C may decrease.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention preferably has a content of CN 48 or more (triglyceride having a total fatty acid number of 48 or more in the fat or oil) of 30% by mass or less, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass. And more preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- CN 48 or more triglyceride having a total fatty acid number of 48 or more in the fat or oil
- the content exceeds 30% by mass, the triglyceride having a high melting point increases when the content of the saturated fatty acid is large, and the triglyceride having a low melting point increases when the content of the unsaturated fatty acid is large. In some cases, a desired melting property of the transesterified fat cannot be obtained.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned constitution, but preferably, the transesterified starting fat is obtained by mixing the following fat component X and fat component Y and transesterifying. It was done.
- the fat component X is at least one fat component selected from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and processed fats and oils
- the fat component Y is palm oil containing 40% by mass to 100% by mass of palm stearin. It means an oil-separated hard part.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention is more preferably a transesterified mixture of the following fat component X and fat component Y.
- the use of palm stearin having an iodine value of 20 or less is preferable in that the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the constituent fatty acid composition (I) can be reduced, and the adjustment of the composition is facilitated.
- Oil component X is hydrogenated coconut oil, palm kernel fractionated hardened oil, and palm kernel fractionated oil.
- At least one or more types of fats and oils component Y is obtained by adding 40% to 100% by mass of palm stearin having an iodine value of 20 or less.
- the transesterification method includes a method of specifically exchanging only fatty acids bound to the 1- and 3-positions of triglyceride using an enzyme (lipase) (1,3-position specific transesterification method), an enzyme or a metal catalyst (for example, sodium methylate) is used to perform unspecified exchange regardless of the bonding position (random transesterification).
- the transesterification in the present invention is preferably the latter random transesterification. This is preferred because more triglyceride species are obtained, which stabilizes the quality of untempered chocolate for a long time.
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention preferably satisfies all the following SFC%.
- SFC% When used for chocolate-like foods, it is preferable because a characteristic is obtained in which the dissolution in the mouth is sharp and there is no remaining feeling. 85% to 100% SFC at 10 ° C 60% to 80% SFC at 20 ° C 45% to 70% SFC at 25 ° C SFC at 40 °C is less than 2%
- the transesterified fat used in the present invention further satisfies the following SFC% by satisfying (content of CN48 or more) / (content of CN28 or less) 1.5 to 20. 85% to 100% SFC at 10 ° C 60% to 80% SFC at 20 ° C 45% to 70% SFC at 25 ° C 30% SFC at 25% to 50% 3% to 30% SFC at 35 ° C SFC at 40 ° C.
- CN 48 or more triglyceride in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acids of the triglyceride in fats and oils is 48 or more;
- CN28 or less a triglyceride in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acids of the triglyceride in fats and oils is 28 or less
- the chocolate-like food of the present invention preferably contains a non-esterified fat or oil that satisfies all of the following (a) to (c).
- a) In the constituent fatty acid composition the content of lauric acid is 20 to 70% by mass.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content is preferably 4% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, and further preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the content of the saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid composition of the non-esterified fat is preferably 10 to 45% by mass.
- the non-esterified oils and fats that can be used in the present invention may satisfy all of the above (a) to (c), but preferably have a rising melting point of 30 ° C or more and 40 ° C or less.
- the fat or oil having a rising melting point of 30 ° C. or more and less than 40 ° C. preferably has a saturated fatty acid content of 16 to 18 carbon atoms of 10 to 25% by mass.
- the non-esterified fat having a rising melting point of 30 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less can be used without limiting the raw material fat or the production method as long as the above numerical range is satisfied.
- Examples thereof include hardened oils of lauric fats such as palm kernel oil and coconut oil, fractionated oils, hardened fractionated oils, fractionated hardened oils, processed fats and oils subjected to transesterification and the like, and mixed oils and fats thereof.
- Preferred non-esterified fats and oils include components on the high melting point side obtained by fractionating palm kernel oil.
- the chocolate-like food of the present invention contains transesterified fat and cocoa components within the above numerical ranges, thereby obtaining excellent chocolate-like food having excellent compatibility with cocoa butter and bloom resistance, and having a good melting property in the mouth. it can. It preferably further contains a non-esterified fat or oil which satisfies all of the above (a) to (c).
- the chocolate-like food of the present invention may satisfy the above-mentioned constitution, but fats and oils other than the fats and oils can be used without limitation.
- Usable fats and oils include rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, safflower oil, olive oil, kapok oil, sesame oil, evening primrose oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, palm Vegetable oils and fats such as oils, medium-chain fatty acid-bonded fats (MCT), shea butter, monkey fat, animal fats such as milk fat, beef tallow, lard, fish oil and whale oil, and their hardened oils, fractionated oils, and hardened fractionated oils , Separated hardened oils, processed fats and oils subjected to transesterification and the like, and mixed fats and oils thereof.
- MCT medium-chain fatty acid-bonded fats
- the fat content of the chocolate-like food is preferably 30 to 70% by mass, more preferably 40 to 60% by mass. If the fat content is low, the viscosity of the chocolate-like food is too high, and when used for coating, the coating operation may be difficult. On the other hand, if the fat content is too large, the chocolate flavor becomes thin and may become oily, which is not preferable.
- a method for producing chocolate-like food it can be carried out in a manner similar to the production of general chocolates. Specifically, saccharides, cocoa mass, cocoa butter, cocoa powder, various powdered foods such as milk powder, emulsifiers, flavors, coloring materials and the like can be appropriately selected and mixed, rolled and conched, and obtained. .
- the chocolate-like food of the present invention is a chocolate-like food for coating.
- the chocolate-like food for coating is a processed oil-and-fat food in which the fat or oil forms a continuous phase, and examples thereof include a coated chocolate-like food for coating or covering the surface of confectionery, bakery products, and the like.
- the complex food coated using the coated chocolate-like food is not particularly limited as long as it is a confectionery or a bakery product, but the confectionery includes steamed buns, steamed kankan, castella, dora Grilled, Imagawa grilled, Taiyaki, Kintsuba, Waffle, Chestnut bun, Moon cake, Bolo, Yatsuhashi, Senbei, Karinto, Donut, Sponge cake, Roll cake, Angel cake, Pound cake, Baumkuchen, Fruit cake, Madeleine, Cream puff, Eclair , Mill foiille, apple pie, tart, biscuit, cookies, crackers, steamed bread, pretzel, wafers, snacks, pizza pie, crepes, souffles, venies, etc., and bananas, apples, strawberries, etc.
- the method of utilizing the chocolate-like food for coating also performs the coating operation without tempering the molten chocolate-like food for coating, but the conditions for coating are as follows: after coating from the molten state, the refrigeration temperature is 15 ° C. or less. It is preferred that the mixture is cooled at that temperature and solidified quickly.
- Table 1 shows the results of analyzing the fatty acid composition according to the fatty acid composition analysis method.
- Table 2 shows the results of analyzing the triglyceride composition according to the method for analyzing triglyceride composition. In Table 1, the iodine value was described as IV.
- the content of a saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms is 1% by mass or less.
- the content of lauric acid is 20 to 50% by mass.
- the content of palmitic acid is 20 to 38% by mass.
- the content of stearic acid is 3 to 20% by mass.
- the unsaturated fatty acid content is 0.5 to 10% by mass.
- the trans fatty acid content is 5% by mass or less.
- the content of CN30 to CN38 is 20 to 50% by mass. 2, content of CN48 or more is 30% by mass or less3, (content of CN48 or more) / (content of CN28 or less) is 20 or less
- Example 4 (content of CN48 or more) / (content of CN28 or less) is as low as 1.3, and there is a possibility that the content of the low melting point component is relatively large. Comparative Examples 1, 4 and 5 did not satisfy all of the above 1 to 3.
- Comparative Example 1 containing a saturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms had a low solid fat content of 13.3% after 10 minutes, and the solidification rate required as hard butter was inferior.
- the temperature of the chocolate-like food is adjusted to 45 ° C., and measured with a BM type viscometer (manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd.) using a No. 3 rotor at 12 rpm or less at 10,000 rpm, and measured at 4 rpm if exceeding 10,000 cP. No. rotor was measured at 12 rpm.
- Example 11 and Comparative Example 6 were slightly faster.
- -Example 11 and Comparative Example 6 had very good mouthfeel.
- -Example 10 had good mouth-mouthing with no lingering mouth.
- Comparative Example 7 is poor in mouth-feeling and has a residual aftertaste. -Both gloss and heat resistance were good without much difference.
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Abstract
Description
(1) (A)~(J)を全て満たすエステル交換油脂を5質量%~50質量%、およびカカオ成分を5質量%~50質量%含有する、チョコレート様食品、
(A)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が90~99.5質量%
(B)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~10の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が6~18質量%
(C)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が25~50質量%
(D)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数12以下の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が35~60質量%
(E)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が1質量%以下
(F)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~50質量%
(G)構成脂肪酸組成中、パルミチン酸の含有量が20~38質量%
(H)構成脂肪酸組成中、ステアリン酸の含有量が3~20質量%
(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が0.5~10質量%
(J)構成脂肪酸組成中、トランス脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
ただし、(A)~(J)の脂肪酸組成分析は、脂肪酸をプロピルエステル化して分析する、
(2) (1)のエステル交換油脂の、(CN48以上の含有量)/(CN28以下の含有量)が1.5~20である、(1)のチョコレート様食品、
ただし、CN48以上:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48以上のトリグリセリド、
CN28以下:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が28以下のトリグリセリド
(3) (1)の、(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が1~6質量%である、(1)または(2)のチョコレート様食品、
(4) (a)~(c)を全て満たす非エステル交換油脂を5質量%~50質量%含有する、(1)~(3)のいずれかのチョコレート様食品、
(a)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~70質量%
(b)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
(c)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が5~50質量%
ただし、(a)~(c)の脂肪酸組成分析は、脂肪酸をメチルエステル化して分析する、
(5) (4)の非エステル交換油脂の上昇融点が30℃以上40℃以下である、(4)のチョコレート様食品、
(6) (4)の、(c)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が10~25質量%である、(4)または(5)のチョコレート様食品、である。
好ましい態様として、本発明で使用するエステル交換油脂は、口どけを悪化させる炭素数16以上の飽和脂肪酸含有量を低減しながら、固化速度が早く、チョコレート作製時の作業性に優れている。
本発明により、トランス脂肪酸含有量を低減しながら、テンパリング操作が不要で、ココアバターとの相溶性と耐ブルーム性に優れ、口溶けの良好なチョコレートを製造することができる。
より好ましい態様として、被覆用チョコレートを作製した場合、カカオマスを多量に配合しても、テンパリング作業が不要で、かつ口溶け良好でカカオ感のある美味しい被覆用チョコレートを提供することができる。
(A)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が90~99.5質量%
(B)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~10の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が6~18質量%
(C)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が25~50質量%
(D)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数12以下の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が35~60質量%
(E)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が1質量%以下
(F)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~50質量%
(G)構成脂肪酸組成中、パルミチン酸の含有量が20~38質量 %
(H)構成脂肪酸組成中、ステアリン酸の含有量が3~20質量%
(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が0.5~10質量%
(J)構成脂肪酸組成中、トランス脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
ただし、脂肪酸組成分析は、脂肪酸をプロピルエステル化して分析する。
ただし、CN48以上:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48以上のトリグリセリド
CN28以下:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が28以下のトリグリセリド
油脂成分Xは、ヤシ油、パーム核油及びこれらを加工した油脂より選ばれた1種以上の油脂
油脂成分Yは、パームステアリンを40質量%~100質量%含む油脂
なお、パームステアリンとはパーム油分別硬質部を意味する。
油脂成分Xは、硬化ヤシ油、パーム核分別硬化油、及びパーム核分別油より選ばれた少なくとも1種以上の油脂
油脂成分Yは、パームステアリンを40質量%~100質量%含む油脂
油脂成分Xが、硬化ヤシ油、パーム核分別硬化油、及びパーム核分別油選ばれた少なくとも1種以上の油脂
油脂成分Yが、ヨウ素価が20以下のパームステアリンを40質量%~100質量%含む油脂
10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
20℃のSFCが、60%~80%
25℃のSFCが、45%~70%
40℃のSFCが、2%以下
10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
20℃のSFCが、60%~80%
25℃のSFCが、45%~70%
30℃のSFCが、25%~50%
35℃のSFCが、3%~30%
40℃のSFCが、2%以下
ただし、CN48以上:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48以上のトリグリセリド、
CN28以下:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が28以下のトリグリセリドを示す
10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
20℃のSFCが、65%~80%
25℃のSFCが、50%~70%
30℃のSFCが、25%~50%
35℃のSFCが、5%~30%
40℃のSFCが、2%以下
(a)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~70質量%
(b)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
(c)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が5~50質量%
(プロピル化による脂肪酸組成分析方法)
油脂の脂肪酸組成は、吉永らにより報告されている「The Collaborative Study on the Enzymatic Analysis of Positional Distribution of Short- and Medium- chain Fatty Acids in Milk Fat Using Immobilized Candida Antarctica Lipase B」記載の方法に準じて通常のメチルエステル化ではなくプロピルエステル化し。ガスクロマトグラフによる分析は日本油化学協会基準油脂分析試験法に準じて測定した。
(トリグリセリド組成分析方法)
油脂中のトリグリセリドを構成している脂肪酸の総炭素数の測定は、日本油化学会制定‘基準油脂分析試験法2.4.6 トリアシルグリセリン組成(ガスクロマトグラフ法)’に準じて実施した。
(SFC測定方法)
(各温度のSFC)(固化速度)の測定において、SFCは、IUPAC.2 150 SOLID CONTENT DETERMINATION IN FATS BY NMRに準じて測定する。分析装置はBruker社製“minispec mq20”を使用する。
(各温度のSFC Parallel measurements)
溶解特性を評価するため、油脂を80℃で10分保持した後、60℃に30分保持することで油脂を完全に溶解し、0℃に1時間保持して固化させる。さらに、所定の温度(10℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃)に30分保持した後にSFC(固体脂含量)を測定する。
(固化速度)
油脂を80℃で10分保持した後、60℃に30分保持することで油脂を完全に溶解し、20℃にて安定化し、3分後~30分後のSFC(固体脂含量)を測定する。
下記(A)~(J)の数値で評価した。
(A)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が90~99.5質量%
(B)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~10の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が6~18質量%
(C)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が25~50質量%
(D)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数12以下の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が35~60質量%
(E)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が1質量%以下
(F)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~50質量%
(G)構成脂肪酸組成中、パルミチン酸の含有量が20~38質量 %
(H)構成脂肪酸組成中、ステアリン酸の含有量が3~20質量%
(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が0.5~10質量%
(J)構成脂肪酸組成中、トランス脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
・実施例1~実施例9のエステル交換油は、前記(A)~(J)の数値範囲を全て満たす。
・比較例2は、パルミチン酸の含有量が38.8%で(G)を満たさないものであった。
・比較例3は、ステアリン酸の含有量が31.5%で(H)を満たさないものであった。なお(E)を満たすものの炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が0.6質量%であった。
・比較例1は、重要視している(I)を満たさず、また(A)、(D)、(E)も満たさないものであった。
・比較例4は、重要視している(I)を満たさず、また(A)、(D)、(G)、(H)も満たさないものであった。
・比較例5は、重要視している(I)を満たさず、また(A)、(B)、(D)も満たさないものであった。
1、CN30~CN38の含有量が20~50質量%
2、CN48以上の含有量が30質量%以下
3、(CN48以上の含有量)/(CN28以下の含有量)が20以下
・実施例1~実施例9、比較例2~比較例3は、前記1~3の数値範囲を全て満たす。
・実施例4は、(CN48以上の含有量)/(CN28以下の含有量)が1.3と低く、相対的に低融点成分が多い可能性がある。
・比較例1、比較例4~比較例5は、前記1~3を全て満たさないものであった。
下記数値範囲を全て満たすことでシャープな融解特性の指標とした。
・10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
・20℃のSFCが、60%~80%
・25℃のSFCが、45%~70%
・40℃のSFCが、2%以下
下記数値範囲を全て満たすことで、より好ましいシャープな融解特性の指標とした。
10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
20℃のSFCが、60%~80%
25℃のSFCが、45%~70%
30℃のSFCが、25%~50%
35℃のSFCが、3%~30%
40℃のSFCが、2%以下
下記数値範囲を全て満たすことで、さらに好ましいシャープな融解特性の指標とした。
10℃のSFCが、85%~100%
20℃のSFCが、65%~80%
25℃のSFCが、50%~70%
30℃のSFCが、25%~50%
35℃のSFCが、5%~30%
40℃のSFCが、2%以下
・前記、脂肪酸組成分析値の評価、トリグリセリド組成分析値の評価の数値範囲を全て満たす、実施例1~実施例9は、シャープな融解特性が得られた。
・パルミチン酸の含有量が38質量%を超える、比較例2の35℃SFC%は、2.4%で、2%を超えるものであった。
・ステアリン酸の含有量が20質量%を超える、比較例3の35℃SFC%は、2.2%で、2%を超えるものであった。
・比較例1、比較例4~比較例5は、シャープな融解特性が得られなかった。
・実施例4を除く、実施例1~実施例3、実施例5~実施例9は、より好ましいシャープな融解特性を満たすものであった。
・実施例4、実施例8~実施例9を除く、実施例1~実施例3、実施例5~実施例7は、さらに好ましいシャープな融解特性を満たすものであった。
・構成要件を満たす、実施例1~実施例9は、10分後の固体脂含量が20%を超えており、良好な結果が得られた。
・炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸を含有する比較例1は10分後の固体脂含量が13.3%と低く、ハードバターとして必要な固化速度が劣るものであった。
上記で作製したエステル交換油脂を使用してチョコレートテストにより評価した。
(エステル交換油脂)
・実施例2のエステル交換油脂、比較例1のエステル交換油脂を使用した。
(非エステル交換ラウリン系油脂A)
パーム核油ステアリンの硬化タイプであって、ココアバター代用脂(CBS=cocoa butter substitute)として使用される、パルケナH(不二製油株式会社製)を非エステル交換ラウリン系油脂Aとして使用した。
上昇融点は35.0℃であった。脂肪酸組成を表5に示す。
(平均粒子径)
マイクロメーター(株式会社ミツトヨ社製、商品名「デジマチック標準外側マイクロメーター MDC-25PJ」)の測定面にチョコレート様食品(油分が50%未満に満たない場合は、液油により希釈し油分50~60%に調製)を付着させ、測定面同士を付着させてチョコレート様食品が測定面よりはみ出す状態で粒度を測定する。粒度は5回測定し、最大と最小の値を除く3回の測定値の平均値を平均粒子径とした。
(粘度)
チョコレート様食品の品温を45℃に調整し、BM型粘度計(東京計器株式会社製)で10,000cP以下の場合は3号ローター、12rpmにて測定し、10,000cPを超える場合は4号ローター、12rpmにて測定した。
チョコレートを完全融解した後50℃に調整し、プラスチックカップに約15g充填し、直ちに5℃で冷却した。一晩5℃で固化した後、20℃で一晩静置し、15℃恒温インキュベータにて保管し経時変化を観察した。テスト開始してから、ブルームが発生するまでに経過した日数を、表7にまとめた。
45日目までブルームが出ないものを合格「○」とした。
・比較例6はブルーム耐性が劣っていた。
作製したチョコレートをコーティングテストにより評価した。評価方法は、(コーティングテスト評価方法)に従って実施した。評価結果は、表8にまとめた。
(乾き時間)
チョコレートを完全融解した後50℃に調整し、市販されているドーナツにコーティングし、室温(22℃)で固化するまでの時間を計測することで評価した。
(口溶け)
チョコレートを市販されているドーナツにコーティングし、20℃1日保存後に試食し、下記評価基準に従い評価した。
3点 : 口どけが非常によく冷感があり、後残りは感じられない。
2点 : 口どけがよく、後残りは感じられない。
1点 : 口どけが悪く、後残りが感じられる。
(つや)
チョコレートを市販されているドーナツにコーティングし、20℃1日保存後の状態を目視により評価した。
(耐熱性)
チョコレートを完全融解した後50℃に調整し、市販されているドーナツにコーティングし、5℃にて2分間冷却固化した後、28℃のインキュベータに保存した。14日後にチョココーティングがべたつくかどうかで耐熱性を評価した。
○:べたつきなく耐熱性良好
×:べたつきあり耐熱性不良
・乾き時間はいずれも許容範囲で、実施例11と比較例6はややはやかった。
・実施例11及び比較例6は非常に良好な口どけを有していた。
・実施例10は口残りがなく良好な口どけを有していた。
・比較例7は、口どけが悪く、後残りが感じられる。
・つや及び耐熱性はいずれも大差なく良好であった。
総合評価を行なった。最良が5点、最低が1点とする5段階評価とした。評価3以上を合格とした。評価結果を表9に示す。
・比較例は総合評価結果、不合格であった。
・実施例11は、乾き時間、口溶け、ブルーム耐性がより優れていた。
・比較例6は、ブルーム耐性が劣っていた。
・比較例7は、口溶けが劣っていた。
Claims (6)
- (A)~(J)を全て満たすエステル交換油脂を5質量%~50質量%、及びカカオ成分を5質量%~50質量%含有する、チョコレート様食品。
(A)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が90~99.5質量%
(B)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数6~10の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が6~18質量%
(C)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が25~50質量%
(D)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数12以下の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が35~60質量%
(E)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数20以上の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が1質量%以下
(F)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~50質量%
(G)構成脂肪酸組成中、パルミチン酸の含有量が20~38質量%
(H)構成脂肪酸組成中、ステアリン酸の含有量が3~20質量%
(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が0.5~10質量%
(J)構成脂肪酸組成中、トランス脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
ただし、(A)~(J)の脂肪酸組成分析は、脂肪酸をプロピルエステル化して分析する。 - 請求項1に記載されたエステル交換油脂の、(CN48以上の含有量)/(CN28以下の含有量)が1.5~20である、請求項1に記載のチョコレート様食品。
ただし、CN48以上:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48以上のトリグリセリド、
CN28以下:油脂中のトリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が28以下のトリグリセリド - 請求項1に記載された、(I)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が1~6質量%である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のチョコレート様食品。
- (a)~(c)を全て満たす非エステル交換油脂を5質量%~50質量%含有する、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のチョコレート様食品。
(a)構成脂肪酸組成中、ラウリン酸の含有量が20~70質量%
(b)構成脂肪酸組成中、不飽和脂肪酸含有量が5質量%以下
(c)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が5~50質量%
ただし、(a)~(c)の脂肪酸組成分析は、脂肪酸をメチルエステル化して分析する。 - 請求項4に記載された非エステル交換油脂の上昇融点が30℃以上40℃以下である、請求項4に記載のチョコレート様食品。
- 請求項4に記載された、(c)構成脂肪酸組成中、炭素数16~18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が10~25質量%である、請求項4又は請求項5に記載のチョコレート様食品。
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| US17/262,189 US12396468B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2019-07-23 | Chocolate food |
| BR112021001136-6A BR112021001136B1 (pt) | 2018-07-24 | 2019-07-23 | Alimento do tipo chocolate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021193972A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | 株式会社Adeka | 製菓用油脂組成物 |
| WO2021256157A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | フィリング用油脂組成物 |
| JPWO2022050339A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | ||
| WO2022050338A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | 株式会社Adeka | ノーテンパー型ハードバター組成物 |
| WO2022209887A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | チョコレート用油脂組成物 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021193972A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | 株式会社Adeka | 製菓用油脂組成物 |
| JPWO2021193972A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | ||
| WO2021256157A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | フィリング用油脂組成物 |
| JP2022000002A (ja) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-01-04 | 不二製油株式会社 | フィリング用油脂組成物 |
| JPWO2022050339A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | ||
| WO2022050338A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | 株式会社Adeka | ノーテンパー型ハードバター組成物 |
| WO2022050339A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | 株式会社Adeka | 製菓用油脂組成物 |
| JPWO2022050338A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-10 | ||
| WO2022209887A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | 不二製油グループ本社株式会社 | チョコレート用油脂組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20210289810A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| JP7444061B2 (ja) | 2024-03-06 |
| JPWO2020022337A1 (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
| BR112021001136A2 (pt) | 2021-04-20 |
| US12396468B2 (en) | 2025-08-26 |
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