WO2020079132A1 - Switching apparatus for controlling the supply of power to an electrical load - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching apparatus (10) for controlling the supply of power to an electrical load (40). In order to be able to ensure reliable switching behaviour even in the event of loss of supply voltage (UB) for the switching apparatus (10), the switching apparatus (10) comprises a logic device (100, 110) which can process an input signal (E) having the supply voltage (UB) in accordance with an AND-gate and provide a binary output signal. A processing unit (90) is also provided and is designed to control, by responding to the binary output signal from the logic device (100, 110), at least one switching device (170) such that an electrical load (40) attached to the switching apparatus (10) can be connected to a supply voltage or can be disconnected from the supply voltage.

Description

 Switchgear for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer

description

The invention relates to a switching device for controlling the energy supply of a

electrical consumer, especially an electric motor.

In switching devices that have a complex processing unit, such as a microcontroller or discrete logic components, there is a need to always convert control commands into correct switching operations. Such switching operations lead in particular to switching off an electrical consumer from one

Supply voltage or for connecting an electrical consumer to a supply voltage. In the case of an unreliable or faulty power supply to the switching device and, in particular, to the processing unit, there is a risk that control commands that have been read in are not processed reliably or not completely, and that the switching device may be incorrectly switched. In the case of safety switching devices in particular, it is important to reliably prevent such incorrect switching.

In order to prevent such faulty switching in the event of a faulty power supply or in the event of a power supply to a switching device failing, EP 2 898 521 A1 teaches a switching device which comprises a control unit, a supply connection for applying a supply voltage for the switching device, a power supply unit and a first current path, which is connected to a supply network and has several switches. The control unit can output switching signals for the switches, drawing the energy for the switches via the power supply unit. Furthermore, the known switching device contains an energy store and has a measuring device connected to the control unit. The energy store is provided to buffer a supply voltage applied to the switching device, which also feeds the control unit. The measuring device monitors the supply voltage present at the supply connection of the switching device. If the monitored by the measuring device If the supply voltage falls within a critical range, the control unit uses the energy of the energy store to control the switches in such a way that an electrical consumer connected to the switching device is switched off from the supply network.

The present invention has for its object to provide a switching device for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer, which inexpensively and with the help of a simple circuitry design prevents incorrect switching of the switching device as a result of an unreliable power supply to the switching device and, in particular, reliably switches off an electrical consumer is possible.

A core idea of the invention can be seen in dispensing with a measuring device for monitoring a supply voltage applied to a switching device, so that an evaluation of a measuring signal in a control unit is no longer necessary.

The above technical problem is solved with the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, a switching device for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer is provided, which has the following features:

a first connection device to which an energy supply device for providing a supply voltage for an electrical consumer can be connected,

a second connection device to which an electrical consumer can be connected,

a third connection device to which an energy supply source for

Providing a supply voltage for the switching device, a fourth connection device to which an input signal can be applied, at least one current path connected to the first and second connection devices,

at least one controllable switching device in the at least one current path is arranged

a power supply unit, which is electrically connected to the third connection device, an energy storage device, which is electrically connected to the third connection device and is assigned to the power supply unit, wherein the energy storage device for internal device

Intermediate storage of one that can be applied to the third connection device

Supply voltage is formed,

a processing unit that is electrically connected to the power supply,

a logic device which is connected to the fourth connection device and the third connection device and is designed to generate a binary output signal by connecting a signal applied to the fourth connection device

Input signal with one applied to the third connection device

Supply voltage of the switching device, which can be supplied by the power supply source, can be processed according to an AND operation, the

Linking device is designed such that it can provide an output signal which corresponds to a logic zero when at the third

Connection device no supply voltage or a supply voltage is present, which is less than or equal to a threshold value, wherein the processing unit has an input to which the binary output signal of the

Linking device can be created, and wherein

the processing unit is designed, in response to the received output signal, to control the at least one switching device such that an electrical consumer that can be connected to the second connection device can be connected to a supply voltage that can be applied to the first connection device or can be switched off from a supply voltage that can be applied to the first connection device.

It should be noted at this point that, for example, an electrically drivable motor can be used as the electrical consumer while it is in the

Energy supply device for providing a supply voltage for an electrical consumer around a power supply network, in particular a

AC network can act. The characteristic "that the output signal corresponds to a logic zero"

preferably to be understood to mean that there is no output signal, i.e. in the event of a failure of the supply voltage or a faulty supply voltage of the switching device, the combination device preferably does not generate an output signal.

For diagnostic purposes, the linking device can be connected to a clock output of the processing unit and can be designed to be one at the fourth

Connection device applied input signal additionally to be linked to a clock signal of the processing unit. In this way, the operation of the switching device and the processing unit can be monitored.

An inexpensive and appropriate implementation provides that the

Linking device has a first coupling element, which is connected to the third and fourth connection device, and a second coupling element, which is connected to an input of the processing unit and the first coupling element.

Optionally, the linkage device can have a third coupling element, which is connected to the clock output of the processing unit and the second coupling element.

The coupling elements can be capacitive or inductive coupling elements or optocouplers.

According to an alternative embodiment of the switching device, the third and fourth connection devices each have a potential connection and a common ground connection, the AND link device having an AND gate with two inputs, which is connected to the potential connection of the third

Connection device or the potential connection of the fourth

Connection device are connected.

To the input voltages of the inputs of the AND gate, that's the

Supply voltage at the potential connection of the third connection device or the An input signal at the potential connection of the fourth connection device, in each case to be limited by an upper limit value, can be connected to the anode connection of a first Zener diode at one input of the AND gate and the anode connection of a second Zener diode can be connected to the other input of the AND gate. wherein the cathode connection of the first Zener diode is connected to the potential connection of the third connection device and the cathode connection of the second Zener diode is connected to the potential connection of the fourth connection device, while the anode connections are connected to the common ground connection.

The switching device is expediently arranged in a housing.

The above technical problem is also affected by the characteristics of the

Claim 9 solved.

Accordingly, a system for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer is provided, which comprises the following features:

a switching device according to one of claims 1 to 8,

a power supply source, which is connected to the third via a switching device

Connection device can be switched on or switched off by the third connection device, and

an external device connected to the fourth connection device

Provision of the input signal.

The invention is explained in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary switching device for controlling the supply of energy

 electrical consumer,

Fig. 2a-2d a plurality of temporal signal profiles and a temporal status profile with regard to the switching device, and Fig. 3 shows another exemplary switching device for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary switching device 10 for controlling the energy supply of an electrical consumer 40, which in the example shown can be a three-phase motor 40. The switching device 10 is preferably accommodated in a housing 20. The switching device 10 has a first connection device 200 to which one

Energy supply device for providing a supply voltage for the electrical consumer 40 can be connected. In the present example, the first connection device 200 has three connections, to which a three-phase connection

Power supply network 30 is connected, via which the three-phase motor 40 can be supplied with energy. The three-phase motor 40 is on a second

Connection device 210 connected, which has three connections in the present example.

Furthermore, the switching device 10 has at least one current path 220 which is connected to the first connection device 200 and the second connection device 210. At least one controllable switching device is arranged in the current path 220. In the present example, the current path 220 has a first electromechanical switch 171 and a second electromechanical switch 192 connected in series thereto, which is connected in parallel to a semiconductor switching element 191. The semiconductor switch can be designed, for example, as a triac. The electromechanical switch 192 and the semiconductor switching element 191 together form one

Hybrid switch 190. The electromechanical switches 171 and 192 and the

Semiconductor switches 191 can each be understood as a controllable switching device in the sense of the invention. The electromechanical switches 171 and 192 and the semiconductor switching element 191 are controlled via a

Processing unit 90, which can be designed, for example, as a microcontroller.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exemplary switching device 10 has a further current path 221 connected to the first connection device 200 and the second connection device 210. In the present example, the current path points 221 a first electromechanical switch 170 and one in series with it

switched second electromechanical switch 182, which is connected in parallel to a semiconductor switching element 181. The semiconductor switch can be designed, for example, as a triac. The electromechanical switch 182 and that

Semiconductor switching element 181 together form a hybrid switch 180. The electromechanical switches 170 and 182 and the semiconductor switch 181 can each be understood as a controllable switching device in the sense of the invention. The control of the electromechanical switches 170 and 182 and of the semiconductor switching element 181 likewise takes place via the processing unit 90.

Furthermore, the switching device has a third current path 222, which is connected to the first connection device 200 and the second connection device 210 and is designed as a conductor. The electrical

Consumers 40 are switched on or off by the power supply network 30 in a controlled manner.

The switching device 10 also has a third connection device with a potential connection 50 and a ground connection 51, to which one

Energy supply source 270 for the external provision of a supply voltage UB for the switching device 10 can be connected, for example by means of a switch 280. For example, power supply source 270 provides a DC voltage of 24V. Furthermore, a power supply unit 80, which can be, for example, a switching power supply, is integrated in the switching device 10. The power supply 80 is electrically connected to the connections 50 and 51 of the third connection device. The power supply unit 80 is designed to convert the supply voltage UB which can be connected to the connections 50 and 51 into a device-internal supply voltage of 5 V, for example. A decoupling diode 140 can be provided between the ground connection 51 and a connection of the power supply 80, the cathode connection of which with the

Ground connection 51 is connected, while the anode connection is connected to one input of the power supply 80. There is also a in the switching device 10

Energy storage 81 implemented, which is electrically connected to the connections 50 and 51 of the third connection device and assigned to the power supply 80. The Energy store 81 can be a capacitor which buffers the supply voltage UB which can be connected to the connections 50 and 51 in the device. The energy store 81 can be arranged separately from the power supply 80 in the housing 20 or integrated in the power supply 80. This ensures that even if the

Supply voltage UB the power supply 80 can temporarily maintain the supply of the switching device 10.

Furthermore, the switching device 10 has a fourth connection device with, for example, a potential connection 60 and a ground connection 61, to which an external input or release signal can be applied. The external

Input signal can, for example, from a control device 290

can be supplied, for example, by a programmable logic controller that can be connected to the fourth connection device.

Furthermore, a switching device 100, 110 is implemented in the switching device 10, which with the connections 50 and 51 of the third connection device and the

Connections 60 and 61 of the fourth connection device is connected. The

Linking device is designed to generate an output signal VE by being able to process an input signal E present at potential connection 60 of the fourth connection device with a supply voltage UB present at potential connection 50 of the third connection device, which supply voltage can be supplied by energy supply source 270, in accordance with an AND link . The

Processing unit 90 has an input 91 to which the output signal VE of the linking device 100, 110 can be applied. The logic device 100, 110 is designed to provide a signal, which corresponds to a logic zero, as the output signal VE if there is no supply voltage UB or a voltage at the connections 50, 51 of the third connection device that is less than or equal to a definable threshold value. A corresponding one

Output signal is shown in Fig. 2d in connection with Fig. 2a. The above-mentioned threshold value can be set via the resistor 130, for example. The processing unit 90 is designed, in response to the output signal VE received at the input 91, to actuate the at least one switching device, in the present example these are the switches 170, 171, 181, 182, 191 and 192, in such a way that that at the second connection device 210 connected electrical consumers 40 can be connected to the supply voltage of the power supply network 30 or can be switched off from the supply voltage of the power supply network 30. In this way, the energy supply of the electrical consumer 40 is controlled as a function of the binary output signal VE, in particular depending on whether an error-free connection is made at the connections 50 and 51

Supply voltage is present. It should be noted that if the supply voltage UB completely fails, the power supply 80 provides the energy for generating the switching signals for the at least one switching device, for example the switches 170, 171, 181, 182, 191 and 192, and for feeding the processing unit 90 from

Energy storage 81 relates.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the linking device can be a first coupling element

100 and a second coupling element 110. The first coupling element 100 is connected on the input side to the connections 50 and 51 of the third connection device and to the connection 60 of the fourth connection device. The second

Coupling element 110 is connected to the first coupling element 100, the input 91 of the processing unit 90 and the connection 61. The coupling elements 100 and 110 can each be designed as a capacitive or inductive coupling element, or as shown in FIG. 1, each as an optocoupler.

The coupling element 100 implemented as an optocoupler has an optical sensor

101, for example in the form of a light-emitting diode or laser diode, the

Anode connection is connected, for example, via current limiting resistor 130 to potential connection 50, and its cathode connection is connected directly or via decoupling diode 140 to ground connection 51. In the example shown, the resistor 130 and the optical transmitter 101 are thus connected in series and in parallel to the input of the power supply 80. Furthermore, the coupling element 100 has, for example, a photo transistor as an optical receiver 102, io

whose collector connection is connected to connection 60, for example, via a current limiting resistor 150. The emitter connection of the optical receiver 102 is connected to the anode connection of an optical transmitter 112, realized as a laser or light-emitting diode, of the second coupling element 110. Of the

The cathode connection of the optical transmitter 112 can be connected directly or, as shown, via a third coupling element 120 to the ground connection 61 of the fourth

Connection device of the switching device 10 may be connected. The optical transmitter 112 can in turn be connected to the second ground connection 61 via a decoupling diode 160. The coupling element 110 also has an optical receiver 111, which in turn can be designed as a phototransistor. Collector and

Emitter connection of the optical receiver 111 are with the input 91 of the

Processing unit 90 connected and deliver the binary output signal VE of the logic device.

The two optocouplers 100 and 110 forming the linking device essentially perform an AND operation with the supply voltage UB which can be connected to the connections 50 and 51 and the input signal present at the connection 60 in such a way that if the

Supply voltage UB at the connections 50 and 51 and the input signal E at the connections 60 and 61 of the optical receiver 111 is conductive and thus an output signal VE corresponding to a logic 1 at the input 91 of the

Processing device 90 generated. If the supply voltage UB falls below the threshold value or even completely for whatever reason, then the current flowing through the optical transmitter 101, which is limited by the current limiting resistor 130, is no longer sufficient to activate the optical transmitter 101. As a result, the optical receiver 111 blocks and an output signal is no longer generated, ie the output signal corresponds to a logic zero. The missing output signal is "applied" as a logic zero at the input 91 of the processing unit 90, whereupon the processing unit 90 controls the switches 170, 171, 181, 182, 191, and 192 in such a way that the electrical consumer 40 is switched off from the power supply network 30 without arcing . The switching elements 170, 180 provided in the current paths 220 and 221

Reliefwiese 171 and 190 can be controlled in a known manner such that a contact-friendly, that is, arcing-free switching off the

electromechanical switches 170 and 182 or 171 and 192 is possible. Assume that all electromechanical switches are closed and the

Wire switches are open. If the motor 40 is to be switched off, for example, at the time t2, the processing unit 90 generates corresponding switching signals in such a way that first the semiconductor switches 181 and 191 are switched to be electrically conductive and then the switches 182 and 192 are opened, then the semiconductor switches 181 and 191 are again switched to be electrically non-conductive and then switches 170 and 171 are opened.

An exemplary behavior of the switching device 10 and the motor 40 is shown in FIGS.

2c, 2e and 2f.

FIG. 2a shows the time profile of the supply voltage UB, which is applied to the connections 50 and 51 at the time t0 and fails, for example, at the time t2. 2c shows the temporal course of the input signal E, which is applied to the connection 60 at the time t1 and remains applied beyond the time t2.

Fig. 2e shows the operating state of the motor 40. Fig. 2f shows the time course of the output signal VE of the logic device without modulation by a

Clock signal of the processing unit 90.

If the supply voltage UB is properly applied to the connections 50 and 51 of the switching device 10 and the input signal E is applied to the connection 60 at the time t1, the logic device 100, 110 generates the output signal VE, i.e. the phototransistor 11 is conductive. This state corresponds to a logic 1. In response to this, the processing device 90 controls the switches 170, 171, 181, 182, 191, and 192 in such a way that the electrical consumer 40 connects to the

Power supply network 30 is turned on. In this state they are

electromechanical switches 170, 171, 182 and 192 closed and the

Semiconductor switches 181 and 191 switched non-conductive. As particularly shown in FIG. 2e, motor 40 remains on until time t2. If the supply voltage UB at the connections 50 and 51 falls below a threshold value or completely at time t2, the photodiode 101 is no longer activated and the phototransistor 111 blocks, as already explained above. At this moment, as explained in detail above, under the control of the processing unit 90, the motor 40 is switched off from the power supply network, which is shown in FIG. 2e. As already mentioned, the

Processing unit 90 is powered by the power supply 80. Does that fall

Supply voltage UB off, the power supply 80 draws the energy for the

Processing unit 90 from energy storage 81.

In order to be able to monitor the functioning of the switching device and, in particular, the functioning of the processing unit 90, the linking device can be connected to a clock output 92 of the processing unit 90 and can be designed to additionally provide an input signal E present at the potential connection 60 of the fourth connection device with a clock signal VO of the processing unit 90 to modulate. An example of the time profile of the clock signal VO is shown in FIG. 2b, while the resulting time profile of the output signal VE of the linkage device 100, 110 is shown in FIG. 2d.

To modulate the input signal E, a third coupling element 120 can be provided, which can be assigned to the linkage device 100, 110. The third coupling element 120 can in turn be designed as a capacitive or inductive coupling element or, as can be seen in FIG. 1, as an optocoupler 120. The third

Coupling element 120 can have an optical transmitter 121, which can be designed, for example, as a light-emitting diode. The anode and cathode connections of the optical transmitter 121 are connected to the output 92 of the processing unit 90.

Furthermore, the coupling element 120 can have an optical receiver 122, which in turn can be designed as a phototransistor. In the present example, the collector connection of the phototransistor 122 is connected to the cathode connection of the optical transmitter 112 of the second coupling element 110, while the emitter connection of the phototransistor 122 is connected, for example, via the decoupling diode 160 to the

Ground connection 61 of the fourth connection device is connected. In this case the input signal E present at the connection 60 via the resistor 150, the phototransistor 102, the photodiode 110, the phototransistor 122 and the

Decoupling diode 160 led to ground connection 61 and modulated with the clock signal VO when the supply voltage UB is properly applied. The modulated input signal E is reported back to the input 91 of the processing unit 90 via the output signal VE of the linking device. In this way, the processing unit 90 can immediately react to a faulty supply voltage UB, as explained above, and a faulty clock signal or faultily modulated output signal VE, for example by immediately switching off the motor 40.

It should also be noted that the switching device 10, the energy supply source 270, the switch 280 and the control device 290 preferably form a system 70 for controlling the energy supply of the electrical consumer 40. The electrical load 40 and the power supply network 30 can be regarded as components of the system 70.

FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary switching device 10 'for controlling the

Energy supply of an electrical consumer 40, which can be a three-phase motor 40 in the example shown. The switching device 10 'is preferably housed in a housing 20'. The switching device 10 'has a first connection device 200' to which an energy supply device for providing a

Supply voltage for the electrical consumer 40 can be connected. In the present example, the first connection device 200 ′ has three connections to which a three-phase power supply network 30 is connected, with which the

Three-phase motor 40 can be supplied. The three-phase motor 40 is connected to a second connection device 2 10 ′, which in the present example has three connections.

Furthermore, the switching device l0 'has at least one current path 220' which is connected to the first connection device 200 'and the second connection device 2l0'. At least one controllable switching device is arranged in the current path 220 '. In the present example, the current path 220 'has a first one electromechanical switch 171 'and a second electromechanical switch l92' connected in series thereto, which is connected in parallel to a semiconductor switching element 191 '. The semiconductor switch can be designed, for example, as a triac. The electromechanical switch l92 'and the semiconductor switching element 19G together form a hybrid switch l90'. The electromechanical switches 171 'and l92' and the semiconductor switch 19G can each be actuated as one

Switching device can be understood in the sense of the invention. The control of the electromechanical switches 171 ″ and l92 ″ and of the semiconductor switching element 191 ″ takes place via a processing unit 90 which can be designed, for example, as a microcontroller.

As shown in FIG. 3, the exemplary switching device 10 'has a further current path 22 G connected to the first connection device 200' and the second connection device 210 '. In the present example, the current path 22 G has a first electromechanical switch 170 'and a second electromechanical switch 182' connected in series, which is connected in parallel to a semiconductor switching element 18 G. The semiconductor switch can be designed, for example, as a triac. The electromechanical switch l82 'and that

Semiconductor switching element 18G in turn form a hybrid switch 180 '. The electromechanical switches 170 'and 182' and the semiconductor switch 18G can each be understood as a controllable switching device in the sense of the invention. The control of the electromechanical switches 170 'and 182' and the semiconductor switching element 181 'is also carried out via the processing unit 90'.

Furthermore, the exemplary switching device has a third current path 222 ', which is connected to the first connection device 200' and the second connection device 2l0 'and is designed as a conductor. The electrical consumer 40 can be switched on or off from the power supply network 30 in a controlled manner via these three current paths. The switching device 10 'also has a third connection device with a potential connection 50' and a ground connection 6 G, to which one

Energy supply source 270 'for the external provision of a supply voltage UB for the switching device 10' 'can be connected, for example by means of a switch 280 ". The energy supply source 270 'provides, for example, a DC voltage of 24V. Furthermore, a power supply 80 'is integrated in the switching device 10', in which it is

can be a switching power supply, for example. The power supply 80 ″ is electrically connected to the connections 50 ″ and 61 ″ of the third connection device. The power supply 80 ″ is designed to be connectable to the connections 50 ″ and 61 ″

Supply voltage UB into a device-internal supply voltage of

for example convert 5V. A decoupling diode 140 ′ can be provided between the connection 50 ″ and a connection of the power supply 80 ″

Anode connection is connected to the connection 50 'during the

Cathode connection is connected to an input of the power supply 80 '. In addition, an energy storage device 81 is implemented in the switching device 10, which is electrically connected to the

Connections 50 'and 61' connected and assigned to the power supply 80 '. Of the

Energy store 81 'can be a capacitor which buffers the supply voltage UB which can be connected to the connections 50' and 61 'in the device. The energy store 81 'can be arranged separately from the power supply 80' or can be integrated in the power supply 80 '. This ensures that even if the supply voltage UB completely fails, the power supply unit 80 'can temporarily maintain the supply of the switching device 10'.

Furthermore, the switching device 10 has a fourth connection device with, for example, a potential connection 60 and the common ground connection 61, to which an external input or enable signal can be applied. The external input signal can be supplied, for example, by a control device 290 ′, for example by a programmable logic controller, which can be connected to the fourth connection device.

A linkage device 240 is provided in order to be able to reliably prevent switching device 10 'from switching incorrectly if the supply voltage UB fails. which is designed as an AND gate, which has two inputs and one output. One input is assigned to the potential connection 50 ', while the other input is assigned to the potential connection 60'. In this way, the logic device implemented as an AND gate carries out an AND operation with the supply voltage UB present at connection 50 'and the input signal E present at connection 60', a binary output signal, which can be zero or one, being present at the output . The output signal of the AND gate 240 is fed to an input 91 'of the processing unit 90'.

In order to be able to define switch-on thresholds for the two inputs of the AND gate 240, one input of the AND gate 240 is via a first Zener diode 250 with the potential input 50 'of the third connection device and the other input of the AND gate 240 is via one second Zener diode 251 connected to the potential connection 60 'of the fourth connection device. Here, the anode connection of the Zener diode 250 is connected to the first input of the AND gate 240, while the cathode connection is assigned to the potential connection 50 ', to which the supply voltage UB can be applied. The second input of the AND gate 240 is connected to the anode connection of the Zener diode 251, the cathode connection of which is connected to the potential connection 60 ', to which an input signal can be applied. The anode connection of the first Zener diode 250 can be connected to the common ground connection 61 'via a resistor 260, while the anode connection of the other Zener diode 251 can also be connected to the ground connection 61' via a resistor 261. The Zener diode 251 defines, with the resistor 261, the switch-on threshold of the one input of the AND gate 240 with regard to the potential connection 60. This means that if the input signal E present at the potential connection 60 'is greater than the specified one

Limit value, that is the Z voltage of the Zener diode 251, the assigned input of the AND gate 240 detects a logic 1. The Zener diode 250 defines with the resistor 260 the switch-on threshold of the other input of the AND gate 240 with regard to the potential connection 50 '. This means that when the

Potential connection 50 'supply voltage UB greater than the defined limit, that is the Z voltage of the Zener diode 250, is the assigned input of the AND gate 240 detects a logic 1. The two limits are

typically different, since the input signal E and the supply voltage UB are typically also different.

The functioning of the switching device 10 'essentially corresponds to that of the

Switchgear 10. Is there a proper supply voltage UB to the

Connections 50 'and 61' and if an input signal E is applied to the connections 60 'and 61', the motor 40 is switched on to the power supply network 30 under the control of the processing unit 90 ', as explained above. In this case, the two inputs of the AND gate 240 each recognize a logic 1, which leads to a logic 1 at the output of the AND gate, which is also present at the input 91 'of the processing unit 90'. If the input signal E is switched off or, for example, the supply voltage UB drops or drops out, this leads to a logic 0 being present at the output of the AND gate 240 and thus at the input 91 'of the processing unit 90'. In response to a logical 0, the

Processing unit 90 ″, for example, switches 170 ″, 171 ″, 181 ″, 182% 191 ″ and l92 ″ in the manner described with regard to switching device 10 in order to switch off motor 40 from power supply network 30. The power supply 80 and thus the processing unit 90 'can obtain the energy required to control the switches from the energy store 80'.

It should also be noted that the switching device 10% form the energy supply source 270 ″, the switch 280 ″ and the control device 290 ″ preferably a system 70 ″ for controlling the energy supply of the electrical consumer 40. The electrical load 40 and the power supply network 30 can be regarded as components of the system 70.

Claims

Claims 1. Switching device (10, 10 ') for controlling the energy supply of an electrical  Consumer (40), comprising:  a first connection device (200, 200 ') to which a  Energy supply device (30) for providing a  Supply voltage for an electrical consumer (40) can be connected, a second connection device (210, 2l0 ') to which an electrical consumer (40) can be connected,  a third connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 6G) to which one  Power supply source (270; 270 ') for providing one  Supply voltage for the switching device (10; 10 ') can be connected, a fourth connection device (60, 61; 60', 61 ') to which a  Input signal can be applied,  at least one current path (221; 22 G) which is connected to the first and second connection devices (200, 210; 200 ″, 2l0 ″),  at least one controllable switching device (170; 170 '' which is arranged in the at least one current path (221; 221 ''),  a power supply unit (80; 80 '') which is electrically connected to the third connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 6l' '),  an energy store (81; 81 '), which is electrically connected to the third  Connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 6l') is connected and assigned to the power supply unit (80, 80 '), the energy store (81; 81') for intermediate device storage of a device connected to the third connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 61 ') supply voltage can be applied,  a processing unit (90; 90 '') that is electrically connected to the power supply (80; 80 ''),  a linking device (100, 110; 240) which is connected to the third  Connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 61') and the fourth connection device (60, 61; 60 ', 61') are connected and designed to be a binary Generate output signal by connecting an input signal present at the fourth connection device (60, 61; 60 ', 61') with one at the third The connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 61') present supply voltage, which can be supplied by the energy supply source (270; 270 '), can be processed according to an AND link, the link device (100, 110; 240) being designed such that that it can provide an output signal which corresponds to a logic zero if there is no supply voltage or a supply voltage which is less than or equal to a threshold value at the third connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 6l'), the  Processing unit (90; 90 '') has an input (91; 91 '') to which the binary output signal of the combination device (100, 110; 240) can be applied, and wherein  the processing unit (90, 90 '') is designed to control the at least one switching device (170; l70 '') in response to the received binary output signal such that a connection to the second connection device (210; 2l0 ‘) connectable electrical consumer (40) to one to the first  Connection device (200; 200 ') can be connected to a supply voltage that can be connected or from one that can be connected to the first connection device  Supply voltage can be switched off. 2. Switching device (10) according to claim 1  characterized in that  the linking device (100, 110) is connected to a clock output (92) of the processing unit (90) and is designed to additionally link an input signal present at the fourth connection device (60, 61) with a clock signal. 3. switching device (10) according to claim 1 or 2,  characterized in that the linkage device (100; 110) has a first coupling element (100) which is connected to the third and fourth connection devices (50, 51, 60, 61) and a second coupling element (110) which is connected to the one input (91) the processing unit (90) and the first coupling element (100). 4. switching device (10) according to claims 2 and 3,  characterized in that  the linking device has a third coupling element (120) which is connected to the clock output (92) of the processing unit (90) and the second  Coupling element (110) is connected. 5. Switching device (10) according to claim 3 or 4,  characterized in that  the coupling elements (100, 110, 120) are each designed as capacitive or inductive coupling elements (for the description: relays) or as optocouplers. 6. Switching device (10 ') according to claim 1,  characterized in that  the third and fourth connection devices each have a potential connection (50, ', 60') and a common ground connection (6G), and that the linking device (240) has an AND gate with two inputs which is connected to the potential connection (50 ') third connection device or the potential connection (60 ') of the fourth connection device are connected. 7. Switching device according to claim 6,  characterized in that  at one input of the AND gate the anode connection of a first Zener diode (250) and at the other input of the AND gate the  Anode connection of a second Zener diode (251) is connected, the cathode connection of the first Zener diode (250) with the potential connection (50 ') of the third connection device and the cathode connection of the second Zener diode (251) with the potential connection (60' ) the fourth Connection device is connected, while the anode connections are connected to the common ground connection (61 '). 8. Switching device (10; 10 ') according to one of the preceding claims characterized by  a housing (20; 20 '') in which the switching device (10; 10 '') is arranged. 9. System (70; 70 ') for controlling the energy supply of an electrical  Consumer,  full:  a switching device (10; 10 ') according to one of the preceding claims,  a power supply source (270; 270 '') which can be connected to the third connection device (50, 51; 50 ', 6G) via a switching device (280; 280' ') or can be switched off from the third connection device, and  an external, to the fourth connection device (60, 61; 60 ″, 6G)  connected device (290; 290 '') for providing the input signal.