WO2020078525A1

WO2020078525A1 - Reinforcement for reinforcing a plaster layer

Info

Publication number: WO2020078525A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/000475
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Wieczorek; Igor EISENBRAUN
Original assignee: Knauf Gips KG
Current assignee: Knauf Gips KG
Priority date: 2018-10-17
Filing date: 2018-10-17
Publication date: 2020-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2021-04-17
Also published as: EP3867209A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a reinforcement, preferably a woven reinforcement fabric, for reinforcing a plaster layer. The invention furthermore relates to a method for producing a reinforcement and a method for creating a structured surface.

Description

Reinforcement for reinforcing a plaster layer

In particular when plastering an external wall of a building, a reinforcement plaster provided with a reinforcement is often applied. A reinforcement plaster of this kind can also be part of what is known as an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS). Usually, an ETICS comprises an adhesive mortar, an insulating material, a reinforcement mortar with an incorporated woven reinforcement fabric, and a finishing plaster or another suitable terminating coating, for example formed from ceramic. This external thermal insulation composite system is applied to a substrate, which for example can consist of masonry, for example the facade of a building. The substrate, however, can also be formed by planar construction elements, which in particular can be an outer panelling of a stud frame of a wall construction. The wall construction in turn may be constructed for example in front of a masonry. The compartments of the stud wall can also contain an insulating material.

Reinforcement mortar and reinforcement plaster shall be understood here and hereinafter to be substantially synonymous. Specifically, for the aspects considered in the present case, it can be substantially irrelevant what material is used for the reinforcement plaster. This is true in particular for example for material that is cement-based or gypsum-based.

The reinforcement is preferably introduced into the reinforcement plaster layer in such a way that approximately two thirds of the material layer thickness are beneath the reinforcement and one third is above. The reinforcement is thus embedded in the reinforcement plaster correspondingly. A reinforcement can therefore be, for example, a woven reinforcement fabric or also a reinforcement mesh. It can be made for example of a glass fibre woven fabric, and can have different mesh widths (for example 4 x 4 mm or 5 x 5 mm) and weights per unit area. Reference can be made additionally for example, merely as background information, to the disclosure of documents US 2,208,191 , EP 2 733 272 and DE 10 2005 040 090 B4. Document US 2,208,191 relates to a multi-layer external plaster structure with a reinforcement, document EP 2 733 272 relates to an ETICS, and DE 10 2005 040 090 B4 relates to a woven reinforcement fabric in a reinforcement plaster.

The invention proceeds in particular from a reinforcement plaster which is intended to have an optically aesthetic appearance, for example by means of a decor (or ornament). An aesthetic appearance of this kind has been provided previously by means of a finishing plaster or an application of finishing plaster to the reinforcement plaster, for example as indicated in the aforesaid document US 2,208,191.

The object of the invention is to provide a decor to a reinforcement plaster in an improved and simplified way.

This object is achieved in accordance with the invention by a reinforcement which is characterised by at least one structuring additive, preferably a structuring graining.

This solution according to the invention, in a surprisingly simple manner, has the advantage that a structure can be introduced already into the reinforcement plaster selectively and in a tailored manner, which structure provides (or contributes to) the external appearance, the decor, of the plaster during and after the embedding of the reinforcement in the reinforcement plaster layer, respectively. Thus, it is advantageously not only possible to dispense entirely with a finishing plaster, but the structured surface of the plaster can even be provided much more precisely, more reliably, more easily and more reproducibly, and in a more standardised manner to a certain extent. The structured surface of the plaster thus can be even better planned and defined, for example by an architect, as a creative means of expression. For example, it can thus be incorporated in a complete facade design.

The structured surface formed in accordance with the invention can preferably also be provided additionally with a top coating, in particular with a paint.

The structuring according to the invention can be provided preferably and in a particularly simple manner (directly) by the use of graining. However, it can also be provided (indirectly) by at least one, in particular chemical additive, which for example induces structuring by the formation of bubbles in the plaster material itself. To this end, additives which act as air-entraining agents and/or liquefiers for example are suitable. For example, graining and chemical additives can also be combined with one another as appropriate. The graining can be selected fundamentally on the basis of creative aspects, in particular can be selected to be coarser or finer, for example in grain sizes from grit to gravel. This means, in other words, that for example the grain size classes constituted by medium sand, coarse sand, fine gravel (grus), medium gravel (pea gravel) can also be comprised. Rocks, in particular natural rocks, preferably silicate rocks, silicate minerals and/or carbonate rocks, preferably sand-lime brick, marble and/or perlite can be used. However, a wide range of different synthetic graining may also be possible. In a preferred embodiment, what is known as a“spar dash” design could be provided. In addition, it is possible to use perlite to reduce the weight of the reinforcement. Various grain sizes can also be selected for a graining, for example so as to obtain a grain structure formed of a finishing grain (or structuring grain) and fine-material fractions. Here, the finishing grain or structuring grain is the largest grain in the grain structure and is ultimately decisive for the character of the surface structure.

A next embodiment of the invention is characterised in that the graining is bound to the reinforcement by a binder, preferably a low-viscosity binder, such as a dispersion. This binding to the reinforcement could be achieved for example by painting the binder onto the reinforcement or by immersing the reinforcement in the binder.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the binder can be a water-soluble and/or reversibly binding binder. A dispersion could also be considered in particular for a preferred binder of this kind. For example, dispersions from the company Wacker, which are sold in the form of a dispersible polymer powder under the name“Vinnapas” could be considered as appropriate dispersions.

This has the particular advantage, inter alia, that the binder dissolves in the moist plaster as the reinforcement is embedded. The graining can thus detach from the reinforcement to such an extent that it is slightly more freely relocatable, for example. The graining for example can thus be oriented in the plaster in an ordered manner by the smoothing of the plaster. The plaster can be smoothed flat for example by further pressing and embedding the reinforcement, which has first been pressed into the reinforcement plaster layer manually, into the plaster layer, flat over the entire area, using preferably a batten. Here, as mentioned, the graining, or the structuring grain, can additionally also be oriented automatically, wherein a complete covering of the structuring grain with the plaster should be avoided. A next embodiment of the invention is characterised by additives influencing the structure.

The additives, inter alia, could also be liquefiers and/or air-entraining agents, merely by way of example. As already mentioned further above, an air-entraining agent could contribute alone and/or together with a graining to the formation of a structure. A liquefier could in particular improve or promote the cross-linking between the reinforcement material, the graining and the reinforcement plaster.

A next embodiment provides at least one thickening agent, preferably methylcellulose. The binder could thus be made more voluminous, to be able to carry more graining. For example, products from the company SE Tylose GmbH & Co. KG could be used as methylcellulose, for example Tylose MH 10007. However, other cellulose ethers could equally be used as thickening agent.

In a preferred embodiment of the reinforcement according to the invention, the reinforcement can contain at least one fungicide. For example, fungal attacks can be avoided by means of fungicides. A mixture based on a plurality of fungicides can also be contained in the reinforcement.

In a preferred embodiment of the reinforcement according to the invention, a compound formed of graining and additives is provided. The compound is preferably already prepared prior to being applied to the reinforcement. Another embodiment of the invention provides a reinforcement, which is provided in the form of pre-manufactured roll material, web material or sheet material. If a larger or coarser graining is provided, it can be advantageous to provide the reinforcement in sheet form. Finer grainings can also be provided very easily on rollable material. A pattern, in particular formed of regions with graining and regions without graining, is readily possible in all the alternatives. However, of course a reinforcement with graining over the entire area of the reinforcement is also possible. A woven reinforcement fabric, which for example can be formed as a rollable netting, as a web material or as a mesh in sheet form is preferably provided.

As already mentioned above, it is provided in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that the reinforcement is formed with at least one region provided with graining, preferably a strip or a field, instead of with graining over the entire area. On the one hand, a pattern can thus be formed, on the other hand at least one overlap region remaining free from graining, preferably an overlap strip, for overlapping with an adjacent reinforcement can be provided additionally, integrated in a pattern, or alternatively. The remaining overlap region free of graining can then be overlapped optionally with a region carrying a graining, preferably a strip, of a reinforcement to be attached adjacently. The visible surface formed jointly by the reinforcements could thus present a graining seamlessly and uninterruptedly. An overlap region in the form of a strip could preferably have a width of approximately 10 cm, for example.

Separate protection is also claimed for a method for producing a reinforcement according to the invention. The method is characterised in accordance with the invention in the form of an independent solution to the problem addressed in that at least one structuring additive, preferably a structuring graining, can be applied to a carrier material, preferably a woven fabric or mesh, at least in one region, and can be connected to the carrier material by means of a binder. A further embodiment provides that the reinforcement can be finished by drying as soon as the graining has been applied to the reinforcement. Further features of the reinforcement according to the invention can be implemented by means of appropriate, preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention.

Furthermore, separate protection is claimed for a method for creating a structured surface, preferably on an outer surface of a building, preferably as part of an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), in which the structured surface preferably can be provided on a reinforcement plaster to be created with use of a reinforcement. This method is characterised in accordance with the invention in the form of an independent solution to the problem addressed in that a reinforcement according to the invention, which preferably can be produced by the aforesaid method according to the invention, can be used.

This method is additionally characterised in accordance with a further embodiment in that the reinforcement can be pressed into and/or embedded in a plaster layer and the structuring additive, preferably the structuring graining, can then be moved around as desired, in particular in border regions of the reinforcement.

Exemplary embodiments forming the basis of further inventive features as well, which are to be considered merely as exemplary however and which are not intended to limit the subject matter of the invention or the scope of protection thereof, are shown in the drawings, in which: Fig- 1 in Fig. 1 a) schematically shows a view of a first exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention in the form of a web material with a strip-like longitudinal structure formed from a graining, and in Fig. 1 b) schematically shows a plurality of reinforcement webs adjacently on a (hatched) plaster layer;

Fig. 2 in Fig. 2 a) schematically shows a view of a second exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention in the form of a web material with a substantially chequered field structure formed from a graining, and in Fig. 2 b) schematically shows a plurality of reinforcement webs adjacently on a (hatched) plaster layer; and

Fig. 3 in Fig. 3 a) schematically shows a view of a third exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention in the form of a web material with a strip-like transverse structure formed from a graining, and in Fig. 3 b) shows a plurality of reinforcement webs adjacently on a building facade with window openings.

Fig. 1 shows in Fig. 1 a) a view of a first exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention in the form of web material with a strip-like longitudinal structure formed from a graining.

A reinforcement web 1 in this first exemplary embodiment comprises longitudinal strips 2 with a graining, which is indicated by dots. In addition, the reinforcement web 1 also has strips 3 free from graining.

Another exemplary embodiment for example could be provided with a graining preferably over the entire area. The reinforcement could also be provided in the form of sheet material, instead of web material.

In any case, at least one relatively narrow region or strip, in particular in the case of sheets preferably at least two strips for parqueting of the sheets, could preferably be kept free of graining as overlap region 4. This overlap region could be used in order to apply, in a manner overlapping it, a region or strip with or without graining belonging to the next, adjacent reinforcement web 1.

In Fig. 1 b) a plurality of reinforcement webs 1 according to Fig. 1 a) are arranged adjacently on a (hatched) plaster layer 5. Fig. 2 shows in Fig. 2 a) a view of a second exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention in the form of web material with a substantially chequered field structure formed from a graining.

In this second exemplary embodiment the reinforcement web 1 has fields 6 with graining and fields 7 without graining. A region or strip is again also provided at one border of the reinforcement web 1 as overlap region 4.

In Fig. 2 b) a plurality of reinforcement webs 1 are again arranged adjacently on a (hatched) plaster layer 5, this time in accordance with Fig. 2 b). Since the graining is intended to form the surface structure of the plaster layer 5, the graining here, as in Fig. 1 b), protrudes slightly from the plaster layer 5. The plaster layer 5 is provided in all regions, however, and therefore it is shown hatched everywhere.

Both in Fig. 1 b) and in Fig. 2 b) the overlap regions 4 between the mutually adjacent reinforcement paths 1 are indicated by vertical, dashed lines. In reality, these of course are intended to be, and will be invisible, in particular once the surface of the plaster layer has been smoothed and honed and the preferred orientation of the structuring grains has been achieved.

Fig. 3, in Fig. 3 a), shows a view of a third exemplary embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention as web material with a strip-shaped transverse structure formed from a graining. In Fig. 3 a), in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1 a), only transverse strips 8 with graining and transverse strips 9 without graining are provided.

In Fig. 3 b) a plurality of reinforcement webs 1 according to Fig. 3 a) are shown adjacently on a building facade. A hatched plaster layer 5, in which the reinforcement webs 1 are embedded, is also provided here. In addition, window openings 10 are indicated by way of example in the building facade and are incorporated in the facade design.

Claims

1. A reinforcement, preferably a woven reinforcement fabric, for reinforcing a

plaster layer,

characterised by

at least one structuring additive, preferably a structuring graining.

2. The reinforcement according to claim 1 , characterised in that the graining

contains silicate rocks, silicate minerals and/or carbonate rocks, preferably sand- lime brick, marble and/or perlite.

3. The reinforcement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the graining is bound to the reinforcement by a binder, preferably a low-viscosity binder.

4. The reinforcement according to claim 3, characterised in that the binder is a

water-soluble and/or reversibly binding binder.

5. The reinforcement according to one or more of the preceding claims,

characterised by additives influencing the structure.

6. The reinforcement according to claim 5, characterised by a compound formed from graining and additives influencing the structure.

7. The reinforcement according to one or more of the preceding claims,

characterised in that the reinforcement contains at least one thickening agent, preferably methyl cellulose.

8. The reinforcement according to one or more of the preceding claims,

characterised in that the reinforcement contains at least one fungicide.

9. The reinforcement according to one or more of the preceding claims,

characterised in that the reinforcement is provided as a pre-manufactured roll material, web material or sheet material.

10. The reinforcement according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the reinforcement is formed with at least one region provided with graining, preferably a strip or a field, instead of with graining over the entire area.

11. The reinforcement according to claim 10, characterised by at least one overlap region remaining free from graining for overlapping with an adjacent

reinforcement.

12. A method for producing a reinforcement, preferably according to one or more of the preceding claims,

characterised in that

at least one structuring additive, preferably a structuring graining, is applied to a carrier material, preferably a woven fabric or mesh, at least in one region, and is connected to the carrier material by means of a binder.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterised in that the reinforcement is finished by drying.

14. A method for creating a structured surface, preferably on an outer surface of a building, preferably as part of an external thermal insulation composite system, in which the structured surface is preferably provided on a reinforcement plaster to be created with use of a reinforcement,

characterised in that

a reinforcement according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1 is used, which preferably is produced by the method according to either one of claims 12 or 13.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterised in that the reinforcement is pressed into and/or embedded in a plaster layer and the structuring additive, preferably the structuring graining, is then moved around as desired, in particular in border regions of the reinforcement.