WO2020053991A1 - Manufacturing system design assistance apparatus - Google Patents
Manufacturing system design assistance apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020053991A1 WO2020053991A1 PCT/JP2018/033830 JP2018033830W WO2020053991A1 WO 2020053991 A1 WO2020053991 A1 WO 2020053991A1 JP 2018033830 W JP2018033830 W JP 2018033830W WO 2020053991 A1 WO2020053991 A1 WO 2020053991A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
- G06Q10/06313—Resource planning in a project environment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing system design support device that generates a design plan of a manufacturing system for manufacturing a product and presents the evaluation result.
- Patent Literature 1 in order to generate a suitable process design plan in which a process organization and a process layout are associated with each other, work element information is required for a production process of producing a plurality of similar products.
- a process design apparatus for repeatedly updating a process design by a process organization generating means and a process layout generating means based on equipment information, worker information, and the like, and a process layout evaluation value.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is capable of generating and comparing a plurality of manufacturing system design plans that satisfy manufacturing requirements. It is an object of the present invention to display a list of evaluation results at the time of start-up of a manufacturing system and at the time of manufacturing execution, so that a more suitable manufacturing system design from a factory management viewpoint can be determined by a simulation before actual machine operation.
- a manufacturing system design support apparatus includes a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing a product in a manufacturing system, a manufacturing system design plan generating unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements, An evaluation index setting unit that sets an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design plan, a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index, and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result
- a manufacturing system design support apparatus characterized by the following.
- a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a manufacturing system design support device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an image diagram of a screen for setting an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design support device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a logic of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an image diagram of a screen displaying an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design support device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is an image figure which shows learning of the design rule of the manufacturing system design support apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a manufacturing system design support device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the manufacturing system design support apparatus includes an input / output unit 1 serving as a user interface and an arithmetic processing unit 2 for performing internal processing.
- the arithmetic processing unit 2 includes a CPU (central processing unit) and a storage device such as a hard disk.
- the input / output unit 1 includes an input unit 11 and an output unit 12.
- the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111 of the input unit 11 sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing a product in the manufacturing system, and the evaluation index setting unit 112 of the input unit 11 sets an evaluation index of a manufacturing system design plan.
- the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111 includes a manufacturing requirement including at least one of a specification of a product manufactured by the manufacturing system, a specification of a production facility which is a component of the manufacturing system, and a production plan for manufacturing the product using the manufacturing system.
- the evaluation index setting unit 112 sets one or more evaluation indexes for evaluating a design plan of the manufacturing system.
- FIG. 2 is an image diagram of a screen for setting an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- an evaluation index at the time of startup for example, required time, required man-hours, and required cost can be selected. Further, as the evaluation index at the time of operation, for example, it is possible to select, for example, total facility efficiency, net facility efficiency, non-defective product rate, delivery date compliance rate, facility effectiveness, and labor productivity.
- a start date and an end date can be selected.
- the evaluation index setting unit 112 sets the content of the evaluation index on a setting screen on which a type of evaluation index value can be selected and a start date and an end date of the evaluation target period can be specified as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
- the arithmetic processing unit 2 includes a manufacturing system design plan generation unit 21 and a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit 22.
- the manufacturing system design plan generation unit 21 generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements
- the manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit 22 calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index.
- the evaluation result display unit 121 of the output unit 12 displays the evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit 22.
- the manufacturing system design plan generation unit 21 includes a manufacturing system design plan extraction unit 211, an evaluation result storage unit 212, a manufacturing system design rule learning unit 213, and a manufacturing system design rule storage unit 214.
- the manufacturing system design plan extracting unit 211 extracts a manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements set by the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111 and the evaluation indexes set by the evaluation index setting unit 112. Further, the manufacturing system design plan extracting unit 211 extracts a manufacturing system design plan using the manufacturing system design rule of the manufacturing system design rule storage unit 214 that holds the learning result of the manufacturing system design rule learning unit 213 as a manufacturing system design rule. I do. In other words, the manufacturing system design plan extracting unit 211 extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rules.
- the manufacturing system design plan generation unit 21 generates one or more manufacturing system design plans that satisfy the manufacturing requirements, and the manufacturing system design plan extraction unit 211 extracts one or more manufacturing system design plans in consideration of the evaluation index. .
- the evaluation result storage unit 212 receives a plurality of combinations of the manufacturing requirements, the evaluation index, the manufacturing system design plan, and the evaluation result from the manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit 22 and stores them.
- the manufacturing system design rule learning unit 213 learns a rule for deriving a highly evaluated manufacturing system design plan for a set of a manufacturing requirement and an evaluation index based on the combination result stored in the evaluation result storage unit 212.
- the manufacturing system design rule storage unit 214 stores the learning result of the manufacturing system design rule learning unit 213 as a manufacturing system design rule.
- the manufacturing system design plan evaluating unit 22 includes a manufacturing system evaluation calculating unit 221, a manufacturing system start-up evaluating unit 222, a manufacturing system execution evaluating unit 223, a production scheduler 224, a production simulator 225, and a control system interface 226.
- the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223 includes a production scheduler 224 that performs an operation plan of a manufacturing facility that manufactures a product and an arrangement plan of workers, a production simulator 225 that simulates a manufacturing facility and a production by a worker, and a manufacturing facility.
- the production execution is evaluated by using at least one of the control system interfaces 226 that obtains the production performance data.
- the evaluation index setting unit 112 sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a manufacturing system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution during operation, and transmits them to the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221. Further, the manufacturing system design plan extracting section 211 extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rule, and transmits the extracted manufacturing system design plan to the manufacturing system evaluation calculating section 221.
- the manufacturing system start-up evaluation section 222 evaluates start-up of the manufacturing system based on the start-up evaluation index.
- the production system execution evaluation unit 223 includes a production scheduler 224 that performs an operation plan of a production facility that manufactures a product and a placement plan of workers, a production simulator 225 that simulates production by the production facilities and workers, and a production record of the production facility. Manufacturing execution is evaluated using at least one of the control system interfaces 226 that acquire data. Further, the evaluation result display unit 121 ranks and displays the manufacturing system design plans based on the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
- the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221 ranks the evaluation results of the manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit 222 and the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223 by using the evaluation index in a predetermined period according to the evaluation index, and evaluates the evaluation result display unit 121. Send to
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the logic of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is realized as an application program on a computer on which logic is mounted, and outputs a design plan of a manufacturing system suitable for given conditions.
- the manufacturing system design support apparatus starts from step S1, inputs a manufacturing requirement in the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111 in step S2, and inputs an evaluation index in the evaluation index setting unit 112 in step S3.
- step S4 the existence of a design rule capable of deriving a manufacturing system design plan from a set of manufacturing requirements and evaluation indexes is confirmed. If there is a design rule in step S4, the process proceeds to step S5. If there is no design rule, the process proceeds to step S6. In step S5, a design plan to which the design rule is applied is generated. More specifically, a manufacturing system design plan is generated from a set of manufacturing requirements and evaluation indices based on design rules. After step S5, the process proceeds to step S7.
- step S6 Generate an initial design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements in step S6.
- an initial design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements is generated as a manufacturing system design plan.
- step S5 the design plan is evaluated and calculated in step S7. More specifically, an evaluation based on the evaluation index input in step S3 for the manufacturing system design plan is calculated.
- step S8 the calculation result of the evaluation is displayed as the evaluation result, and subsequently, in step S9, the evaluation result is recorded.
- step S10 a design rule is learned based on an evaluation result that a manufacturing system design plan is derived from a combination of a manufacturing requirement and an evaluation index.
- step S11 the design rules stored in the manufacturing system design rule storage unit 214 are updated.
- step S12 If the manufacturing system design plan is not adopted in step S12, the process returns to step S2, where the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index are changed as necessary, and the manufacturing system design plan is generated again.
- step S12 the manufacturing system design plan is adopted in step S12 with reference to the evaluation result in step S8, the logic is ended in step S13.
- the specifications of a product manufactured by the manufacturing system include at least one of the material, dimensions, function, performance, component configuration, and manufacturing process of the product to be manufactured.
- dimensions that represent the material of the product and the three-dimensional shape of the product Includes data, accuracy tolerances of dimensional data, a list of parts that make up the product, the process of manufacturing the product, and the like.
- the specifications of the production equipment which is a component of the manufacturing system, include at least one of the dimensions, functions, performances, and component configurations of the equipment used for production of the product, and represent, for example, the three-dimensional shape of the production equipment. It includes dimensional data, installation area of production equipment, types of processing that the production equipment can handle, processing accuracy of the production equipment, and the like.
- three-dimensional CAD data stored as digital data may be used.
- the production plan is a plan for the types and quantities of products manufactured using the manufacturing system during a certain manufacturing period such as monthly, weekly, or daily.
- the evaluation index includes an evaluation index at the time of starting the manufacturing system and an evaluation index at the time of operation when the design proposal of the manufacturing system is applied.
- the evaluation index at the time of start-up for example, time, man-hours, costs, and the like required for starting the manufacturing system can be selected.
- KPI Key Performance Indicator
- ISO22400 Key Performance Indicator
- At least one index value of the index can be selected.
- a predetermined target period is set according to the start and end dates of the period according to the production plan.
- the manufacturing system design plan is a design plan including at least one of the configuration of the production facility, the layout of the production facility, and the arrangement of the workers.
- the manufacturing system design plan is evaluated by the manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit 22 based on the evaluation index.
- the manufacturing system evaluation calculating unit 221 calculates an evaluation value for each evaluation index for the manufacturing system design plan.
- Evaluation values are calculated using the evaluation results of the manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit 222 and the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223.
- the evaluation value calculated by the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221 is displayed on the evaluation result display unit 121 of the output unit 12.
- a manufacturing method including one or more manufacturing processes for the product a and the product b is defined.
- the manufacturing process is performed by using any one or more of production facilities having a manufacturable function and performance.
- the manufacturing system design plan is defined by the layout of production equipment and the arrangement of workers, which are required to achieve the production plan for the product a and the product b.
- an evaluation value is calculated by the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221.
- the calculation of the evaluation value by the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221 uses the evaluation by the manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit 222 and the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223.
- the manufacturing system start-up evaluation section 222 evaluates the work at the start of the manufacturing system. When starting up a manufacturing system, for example, purchasing new production equipment, moving or discarding unnecessary production equipment, changing the layout of production equipment, mechanically adjusting production equipment, designing and developing a control program for production equipment And operations necessary for operating the manufacturing system, such as checking the operation of the production equipment.
- a numerical value for the evaluation index selected by the evaluation index setting unit 112 is calculated from the time, man-hours, and cost required for starting the manufacturing system in consideration of each of these operations. .
- the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223 evaluates the operation of the manufacturing system during production execution.
- the operation during the production execution of the manufacturing system is to execute the production based on the production plan by the operation by the production equipment and the operation by the operator.
- the work performed by the production facility includes, for example, work performed based on a program stored in a control device of the production facility, such as processing by a machine tool, transport by a transport device, and inspection by an inspection device.
- the work performed by the worker is directly performed by a worker at the manufacturing site, for example, picking a part, fixing a jig or a processing target part to a machine tool, manually assembling a part, setting conditions for an inspection device, and the like. Work is included.
- the manufacturing system execution evaluating unit 223 when the production execution of the manufacturing system is operated by the work by the donation equipment and the work by the worker, the total equipment efficiency of the factory, the net equipment efficiency, the non-defective product rate, the product A numerical value for the evaluation index selected by the evaluation index setting unit 112 from the evaluation indexes such as the delivery date compliance rate is calculated.
- the result of simulating the production schedule calculated by the production scheduler 224 with the production simulator 225 simulating the manufacturing system design plan in a virtual space is used by allocating production equipment and workers based on the production plan. I do.
- a production scheduler 224 generally sold as a software product can be used.
- the evaluation value is calculated by acquiring the production result data from the control device of the production facility via the control system interface 226.
- the manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit 221 calculates an evaluation value for one or more evaluation indexes for each of one or more manufacturing system design plans based on the evaluation results of the manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit 222 and the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit 223. Output to the evaluation result display unit 121.
- FIG. 4 is an image diagram of a screen displaying an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the time at start-up for example, the time at start-up, the number of man-hours and costs, the overall equipment efficiency and the delivery date compliance rate during operation, and the overall evaluation are shown as evaluation results.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the start-up and operation-time selection items are selected in accordance with the items selected in FIG.
- the evaluation result display unit 121 outputs the evaluation result in a table format in which a vertical axis indicates a manufacturing system design plan and a horizontal axis indicates an evaluation index.
- the evaluation index on the horizontal axis the evaluation index at startup and the evaluation index during operation set by the evaluation index setting unit 112 are displayed.
- an evaluation value for the evaluation index on the horizontal axis is displayed.
- the average value of the evaluation order between the manufacturing system design plans is calculated. Display in addition to the head of the axis evaluation index.
- the manufacturing system design plan to be evaluated can be sorted in the order of the evaluation value for each evaluation index listed on the horizontal axis. This makes it possible to generate a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements, and to compare and display the evaluation results.
- a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing products in a manufacturing system
- a manufacturing system design plan generation unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements
- an evaluation of the manufacturing system design plan A manufacturing system design support apparatus comprising: an evaluation index setting unit that sets an index; a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index; and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result Therefore, a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
- the evaluation index setting unit sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a production system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution during operation.
- a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit that evaluates start-up of a manufacturing system based on an index
- a manufacturing system execution evaluation unit that evaluates manufacturing execution based on a manufacturing system execution evaluation index
- a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit and a manufacturing system execution The evaluation result of the evaluation unit is calculated.
- the manufacturing system design plan generating section extracts the manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index
- the manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing result, the evaluation index, and the combination result of the manufacturing system design plan and the evaluation result.
- a plurality of evaluation result storage units, a manufacturing system design rule learning unit for learning rules for deriving a manufacturing system design plan with high evaluation for a set of manufacturing requirements and an evaluation index based on the combination result, and a manufacturing system design rule A manufacturing system design rule storage unit that stores a learning result of the learning unit as a manufacturing system design rule.
- the manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rules. Further, the evaluation result display unit ranks and displays the manufacturing system design proposals by the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
- the production system execution evaluation unit includes a production scheduler that performs an operation plan of a production facility that manufactures a product and a placement plan of workers, a production simulator that simulates production by production facilities and workers, and production performance data of production facilities. Is evaluated using at least one of the control system interfaces that obtain
- Embodiment 2 has the same configuration as Embodiment 1.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the manufacturing system design rule learning unit 213 uses reinforcement learning and learns a neural network.
- Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning that deals with a problem in which an agent in a certain environment observes the current state and decides what action to take. Agents get rewards from the environment for choosing actions. Reinforcement learning learns ways to get the most reward through a series of actions.
- the algorithm of reinforcement learning is an algorithm similar to dynamic programming. Reinforcement learning is unsupervised learning that updates future reward estimates by experiencing a set of states and actions in order to learn suitable actions in a certain state. There is known a method of causing a user to experience the simulation.
- the combination of the manufacturing requirements set by the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111 with the current layout of the manufacturing system and the arrangement of workers is given by “state”, and the change of the layout of the manufacturing system and the arrangement of workers is given by “action”.
- the reinforcement learning in which the evaluation result calculated based on the evaluation index is set as the “reward” is executed.
- the state changes.
- various combinations of the state and the action are experienced, and a reward is obtained, whereby the evaluation of the combination is determined.
- the evaluation is calculated based on the evaluation index from the data obtained through the control system interface 226, reflected in the reinforcement learning, and stored in the manufacturing system design rule. It can be stored in the unit 214.
- the manufacturing system design plan extracting unit 211 extracts the evaluation indices set by the evaluation index setting unit 112 from the manufacturing requirements set by the manufacturing requirement setting unit 111. Extract a manufacturing system design plan that is highly evaluated.
- FIG. 5 is an image diagram showing learning of design rules of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing an image of a neural network to be learned.
- the items of the manufacturing requirement and the item of the evaluation index are set as the input of the neural network, and the item of the previous term manufacturing system design plan is set as the output of the neural network.
- the neural network is learned by giving a plurality of examples of the manufacturing system design plan suitable for the combination of the manufacturing requirement and the evaluation index to the neural network as a teacher signal.
- the learning result of the neural network can also be stored in the manufacturing system design rule storage unit 214 as a rule, and can be used for extracting the manufacturing system design plan by the manufacturing system design plan extraction unit 211.
- a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing products in a manufacturing system
- a manufacturing system design plan generation unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements
- an evaluation of the manufacturing system design plan A manufacturing system design support apparatus comprising: an evaluation index setting unit that sets an index; a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index; and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result Therefore, a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
- the evaluation index setting unit sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a production system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution during operation.
- a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit that evaluates start-up of a manufacturing system based on an index
- a manufacturing system execution evaluation unit that evaluates manufacturing execution based on a manufacturing system execution evaluation index
- a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit and a manufacturing system execution The evaluation result of the evaluation unit is calculated.
- the manufacturing system design plan generating section extracts a manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index, and a combination of the manufacturing requirements, the evaluation index, the manufacturing system design plan, and the evaluation result.
- a plurality of evaluation result storage units, a manufacturing system design rule learning unit for learning rules for deriving a manufacturing system design plan with high evaluation for a set of manufacturing requirements and an evaluation index based on the combination result, and a manufacturing system design rule A manufacturing system design rule storage unit that stores a learning result of the learning unit as a manufacturing system design rule.
- the manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rules. Further, the evaluation result display unit ranks and displays the manufacturing system design proposals by the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
- the production system execution evaluation unit includes a production scheduler that performs an operation plan of a production facility that manufactures a product and a placement plan of workers, a production simulator that simulates production by production facilities and workers, and production performance data of production facilities. Is evaluated using at least one of the control system interfaces that obtain
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、製品の製造を行う製造システムの設計案を生成し、評価した結果を提示する製造システム設計支援装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a manufacturing system design support device that generates a design plan of a manufacturing system for manufacturing a product and presents the evaluation result.
従来の技術では、例えば、特許文献1のように、工程編成と工程レイアウトとを関連付けた好適な工程設計案を生成するには、類似の複数製品を生産する生産工程に対して、作業要素情報、設備情報、作業者情報等と工程レイアウト評価値に基づき、工程編成生成手段と工程レイアウト生成手段とにより、工程設計を繰返し更新する工程設計装置を提供している。 In the related art, for example, as in Patent Literature 1, in order to generate a suitable process design plan in which a process organization and a process layout are associated with each other, work element information is required for a production process of producing a plurality of similar products. A process design apparatus for repeatedly updating a process design by a process organization generating means and a process layout generating means based on equipment information, worker information, and the like, and a process layout evaluation value.
このような製造システム設計支援装置では、予め設定した製造実行時の評価目標値を満たす1組の工程編成と工程レイアウトとが生成可能である。しかしながら、製造システムの立上げと実行を含むTCO(Total Cost of Ownership)の観点での複数の好適な製造システム設計を提示することができなかった。 In such a manufacturing system design support apparatus, one set of process organization and process layout that satisfies a preset evaluation target value at the time of manufacturing execution can be generated. However, it has not been possible to present a plurality of suitable manufacturing system designs in terms of TCO (Total Cost of Ownership), including the start-up and execution of the manufacturing system.
この発明は、上記のような問題を解決するためになされたものであり、製造要件を満たす複数の製造システム設計案を生成し、比較できるものである。製造システムの立上げ時及び製造実行時の評価結果を一覧表示することにより、工場経営観点でより好適な製造システム設計を実機運用前のシミュレーションで判断することが可能とすることを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is capable of generating and comparing a plurality of manufacturing system design plans that satisfy manufacturing requirements. It is an object of the present invention to display a list of evaluation results at the time of start-up of a manufacturing system and at the time of manufacturing execution, so that a more suitable manufacturing system design from a factory management viewpoint can be determined by a simulation before actual machine operation.
この発明に係る製造システム設計支援装置は、製造システムで製品を製造するときの製造要件を設定する製造要件設定部と、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成する製造システム設計案生成部と、製造システム設計案の評価指標を設定する評価指標設定部と、評価指標に基づき製造システム設計案の評価結果を算出する製造システム設計案評価部と、評価結果を表示する評価結果表示部とを備えたことを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置である。 A manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the present invention includes a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing a product in a manufacturing system, a manufacturing system design plan generating unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements, An evaluation index setting unit that sets an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design plan, a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index, and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result A manufacturing system design support apparatus characterized by the following.
この発明に係る製造システム設計支援装置によれば、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成し、設計案の評価結果を比較表示することができる。 According to the manufacturing system design support apparatus of the present invention, a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
実施の形態1.
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1による製造システム設計支援装置の構成を示すブロック図である。製造システム設計支援装置は、ユーザインタフェースとなる入出力部1及び内部処理を行う演算処理部2で構成される。演算処理部2は、CPU(中央処理装置)、ハードディスクなどの記憶装置から構成されている。入出力部1は、入力手段11と出力手段12とを備えている。入力手段11の製造要件設定部111は製造システムで製品を製造するときの製造要件を設定し、入力手段11の評価指標設定部112は製造システム設計案の評価指標を設定する。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a manufacturing system design support device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The manufacturing system design support apparatus includes an input / output unit 1 serving as a user interface and an
製造要件設定部111は、製造システムで製造する製品の仕様、製造システムの構成要素である生産設備の仕様、製造システムを利用して製品を生産する生産計画の少なくともいずれか1つを含む製造要件を設定する。また、評価指標設定部112は、製造システムの設計案を評価するための1つ以上の評価指標を設定する。
The manufacturing
図2は、本発明の実施の形態1による製造システム設計支援装置の評価指標を設定する画面のイメージ図である。立上げ時の評価指標として、例えば、必要時間、必要工数、必要コストを選択できるようになっている。また、運用時の評価指標として、例えば、総合設備効率、正味設備効率、良品率、納期遵守率、設備有効性、労働生産性を選択できるようになっている。所定の評価期間として、開始及び終了日を選択できるようになっている。 FIG. 2 is an image diagram of a screen for setting an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As an evaluation index at the time of startup, for example, required time, required man-hours, and required cost can be selected. Further, as the evaluation index at the time of operation, for example, it is possible to select, for example, total facility efficiency, net facility efficiency, non-defective product rate, delivery date compliance rate, facility effectiveness, and labor productivity. As the predetermined evaluation period, a start date and an end date can be selected.
評価指標設定部112は、例えば、図2に示すような評価指標値の種類の選択と評価対象期間の開始日及び終了日の指定とが行える設定画面で、評価指標の内容を設定する。
The evaluation
演算処理部2は、製造システム設計案生成部21と製造システム設計案評価部22とを備えている。製造システム設計案生成部21は製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成し、製造システム設計案評価部22は評価指標に基づき製造システム設計案の評価結果を算出する。出力手段12の評価結果表示部121は製造システム設計案評価部22の評価結果を表示する。
The
製造システム設計案生成部21は、製造システム設計案抽出部211と評価結果記憶部212と製造システム設計ルール学習部213と製造システム設計ルール記憶部214とから構成される。製造システム設計案抽出部211は、製造要件設定部111が設定した製造要件と、評価指標設定部112が設定した評価指標とから製造システム設計案を抽出する。また、製造システム設計案抽出部211は、製造システム設計ルール学習部213の学習結果を製造システム設計ルールとして保持する製造システム設計ルール記憶部214の製造システム設計ルールを用いて製造システム設計案を抽出する。換言すると、製造システム設計案抽出部211は、製造システム設計ルールを参照して製造システム設計案を抽出することになる。
The manufacturing system design
製造システム設計案生成部21は、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を1つ以上生成し、製造システム設計案抽出部211にて評価指標を考慮して1つ以上の製造システム設計案を抽出する。
The manufacturing system design
評価結果記憶部212は、製造要件と評価指標と製造システム設計案と評価結果との組合せ結果を複数、製造システム設計案評価部22から受け取り記憶する。製造システム設計ルール学習部213は、評価結果記憶部212に記憶されている組合せ結果に基づき製造要件と評価指標との組に対して評価の高い製造システム設計案を導出するルールを学習する。製造システム設計ルール記憶部214は、製造システム設計ルール学習部213の学習結果を製造システム設計ルールとして記憶する。
The evaluation
製造システム設計案評価部22は、製造システム評価算出部221と製造システム立上げ評価部222と製造システム実行評価部223と生産スケジューラ224と生産シミュレータ225と制御システムインタフェース226とを備えている。ここで、製造システム実行評価部223は、製品を製造する製造設備の稼働計画及び作業者の配置計画を行う生産スケジューラ224、製造設備及び作業者による生産のシミュレーションを行う生産シミュレータ225、及び製造設備の生産実績データを取得する制御システムインタフェース226の少なくともいずれか1つを用いて製造実行を評価する。
The manufacturing system design
評価指標設定部112は、立上げ作業を評価する立上げ評価指標と、運用したときの製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価指標とを設定し、製造システム評価算出部221に送信する。また、製造システム設計案抽出部211は、製造システム設計ルールを参照して製造システム設計案を抽出し、製造システム評価算出部221に送信する。
The evaluation
製造システム立上げ評価部222は、立上げ評価指標に基づいて製造システムの立上げを評価する。製造システム実行評価部223は、製品を製造する製造設備の稼働計画及び作業者の配置計画を行う生産スケジューラ224、製造設備及び作業者による生産のシミュレーションを行う生産シミュレータ225、及び製造設備の生産実績データを取得する制御システムインタフェース226の少なくともいずれか1つを用いて製造実行を評価する。さらに、評価結果表示部121は、所定の期間における評価指標による製造システム設計案の順位付けをして表示する。
The manufacturing system start-
製造システム評価算出部221は、製造システム立上げ評価部222及び製造システム実行評価部223の評価結果について、所定の期間における評価指標による製造システム設計案の順位付けを行って、評価結果表示部121に送信する。
The manufacturing system
図3は、本発明の実施の形態1による製造システム設計支援装置のロジックを示すフローチャート図である。ロジックを実装した計算機上のアプリケーションプログラムとして実現され、与えられた条件に対して好適な製造システムの設計案を出力する。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the logic of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is realized as an application program on a computer on which logic is mounted, and outputs a design plan of a manufacturing system suitable for given conditions.
製造システム設計支援装置は、ステップS1から開始し、ステップS2にて製造要件設定部111で製造要件を入力し、ステップS3にて評価指標設定部112で評価指標を入力する。
The manufacturing system design support apparatus starts from step S1, inputs a manufacturing requirement in the manufacturing
ステップS4にて、製造要件及び評価指標の組から製造システム設計案を導出可能な設計ルールの存在を確認する。ステップS4にて設計ルールが存在する場合にはステップS5に進み、設計ルールが存在しない場合にはステップS6に進む。ステップS5にて、設計ルールを適用した設計案を生成する。より具体的には、設計ルールに基づき製造要件及び評価指標の組から製造システム設計案を生成することになる。ステップS5の後、ステップS7に進む。 (4) In step S4, the existence of a design rule capable of deriving a manufacturing system design plan from a set of manufacturing requirements and evaluation indexes is confirmed. If there is a design rule in step S4, the process proceeds to step S5. If there is no design rule, the process proceeds to step S6. In step S5, a design plan to which the design rule is applied is generated. More specifically, a manufacturing system design plan is generated from a set of manufacturing requirements and evaluation indices based on design rules. After step S5, the process proceeds to step S7.
ステップS6にて製造要件を満たす初期設計案を生成する。換言すれば、製造システム設計案として製造要件を満たす初期設計案を生成する。ステップS6の後、ステップS7に進む。 に て Generate an initial design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements in step S6. In other words, an initial design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements is generated as a manufacturing system design plan. After step S6, the process proceeds to step S7.
ステップS5またはステップS6にて製造システム設計案を生成した後、ステップS7にて、設計案の評価算出を行う。より具体的には、製造システム設計案に対してステップS3にて入力された評価指標に基づく評価を算出する。 (4) After the production system design plan is generated in step S5 or step S6, the design plan is evaluated and calculated in step S7. More specifically, an evaluation based on the evaluation index input in step S3 for the manufacturing system design plan is calculated.
ステップS8にて評価結果として評価の算出結果を表示し、続いてステップS9にて評価結果を記録する。ステップS10にて製造要件及び評価指標の組合せから製造システム設計案を導いたことに対する評価結果に基づき、設計ルールを学習する。ステップS11にて、製造システム設計ルール記憶部214に記録している設計ルールを更新する。
(4) In step S8, the calculation result of the evaluation is displayed as the evaluation result, and subsequently, in step S9, the evaluation result is recorded. In step S10, a design rule is learned based on an evaluation result that a manufacturing system design plan is derived from a combination of a manufacturing requirement and an evaluation index. In step S11, the design rules stored in the manufacturing system design
ステップS12にて製造システム設計案を採用しない場合にはステップS2に戻り、必要に応じて製造要件及び評価指標を変更して製造システム設計案を再度生成する。ステップS12にてステップS8の評価結果を参照して製造システム設計案を採用した場合には、ステップS13にてロジックを終了する。 {Circle over (4)} If the manufacturing system design plan is not adopted in step S12, the process returns to step S2, where the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index are changed as necessary, and the manufacturing system design plan is generated again. When the manufacturing system design plan is adopted in step S12 with reference to the evaluation result in step S8, the logic is ended in step S13.
製造システムで製造する製品の仕様には、製造する製品の材質、寸法、機能、性能、部品構成、製造工程の少なくとも1つが含まれ、例えば、製品の素材、製品の3次元形状を表現する寸法データ、寸法データの精度公差、製品を構成する部品の一覧、製品を製造する工程等が含まれる。 The specifications of a product manufactured by the manufacturing system include at least one of the material, dimensions, function, performance, component configuration, and manufacturing process of the product to be manufactured. For example, dimensions that represent the material of the product and the three-dimensional shape of the product Includes data, accuracy tolerances of dimensional data, a list of parts that make up the product, the process of manufacturing the product, and the like.
また、製造システムの構成要素である生産設備の仕様には、製品の生産に利用する設備の寸法、機能、性能、部品構成の少なくとも1つが含まれ、例えば、生産設備の3次元形状を表現する寸法データ、生産設備の設置面積、生産設備が対応可能な加工の種類、生産設備の加工精度等が含まれる。 The specifications of the production equipment, which is a component of the manufacturing system, include at least one of the dimensions, functions, performances, and component configurations of the equipment used for production of the product, and represent, for example, the three-dimensional shape of the production equipment. It includes dimensional data, installation area of production equipment, types of processing that the production equipment can handle, processing accuracy of the production equipment, and the like.
製品または生産設備に対応する3次元形状を表す手段として、デジタルデータとして保存される3次元CADデータを利用してもよい。生産計画は、月単位、週単位、日単位等の一定の製造期間に製造システムを利用して製造する製品の種類と数量の計画である。 (3) As means for expressing a three-dimensional shape corresponding to a product or a production facility, three-dimensional CAD data stored as digital data may be used. The production plan is a plan for the types and quantities of products manufactured using the manufacturing system during a certain manufacturing period such as monthly, weekly, or daily.
評価指標は、製造システムの設計案を適用する場合の製造システムの立上げ時の評価指標と運用時の評価指標を含む。立上げ時の評価指標としては、例えば、製造システムの立上げに必要な時間、工数、コストなどを選択することができる。 (4) The evaluation index includes an evaluation index at the time of starting the manufacturing system and an evaluation index at the time of operation when the design proposal of the manufacturing system is applied. As the evaluation index at the time of start-up, for example, time, man-hours, costs, and the like required for starting the manufacturing system can be selected.
運用時の評価指標としては、例えば、工場の総合設備効率、正味設備効率、製品の良品率等のISO22400に定義されるKPI(Key Performance Indicator)指標、KPIに類する製品の納期遵守率等の評価指標の少なくとも1つ以上の指標値を選択することができる。評価対象期間は、期間の開始と終了の日付を生産計画に合わせて所定の対象期間を設定する。 As the evaluation index at the time of operation, for example, KPI (Key Performance Indicator) index defined in ISO22400, such as the total equipment efficiency of a factory, net equipment efficiency, and the percentage of non-defective products, the evaluation of the delivery date compliance rate of products similar to KPI, etc. At least one index value of the index can be selected. As the evaluation target period, a predetermined target period is set according to the start and end dates of the period according to the production plan.
製造システム設計案は、生産設備の構成と生産設備のレイアウトと作業者の配置の少なくとも1つを含む設計案である。製造システム設計案は、製造システム設計案評価部22にて評価指標に基づき評価される。製造システム評価算出部221にて製造システム設計案に対する評価指標別の評価値を算出する。
The manufacturing system design plan is a design plan including at least one of the configuration of the production facility, the layout of the production facility, and the arrangement of the workers. The manufacturing system design plan is evaluated by the manufacturing system design
評価値の算出には、製造システム立上げ評価部222と製造システム実行評価部223による評価結果を用いる。製造システム評価算出部221で算出された評価値は、出力手段12の評価結果表示部121に表示される。
Evaluation values are calculated using the evaluation results of the manufacturing system start-up
例えば、製品として製品aと製品bの2種類の製品を製造システムで製造する場合には、製品a及び製品bに対して1つ以上の製造工程で構成される製造方法が定義されている。製造工程は、製造可能な機能及び性能を持つ1つ以上の生産設備からいずれかを利用して実行される。 For example, when two types of products, product a and product b, are manufactured by a manufacturing system, a manufacturing method including one or more manufacturing processes for the product a and the product b is defined. The manufacturing process is performed by using any one or more of production facilities having a manufacturable function and performance.
製造システム設計案は、製品a及び製品bの生産計画を達成するために必要となる、生産設備のレイアウトと、作業者の配置とによって定義される。定義された製造システム設計案は、製造システム評価算出部221によって評価値が算出される。製造システム評価算出部221による評価値の算出には、製造システム立上げ評価部222と製造システム実行評価部223による評価を利用する。
The manufacturing system design plan is defined by the layout of production equipment and the arrangement of workers, which are required to achieve the production plan for the product a and the product b. For the defined manufacturing system design plan, an evaluation value is calculated by the manufacturing system
製造システム立上げ評価部222では、製造システムの立上げ時の作業の評価を実施する。製造システムの立上げ時の作業には、例えば、新規生産設備の購入、不要生産設備の移動または廃棄、生産設備のレイアウト変更、生産設備の機械的な調整、生産設備の制御プログラムの設計・開発、生産設備の動作確認等、製造システムを稼働させるために必要な作業が含まれる。
(4) The manufacturing system start-up
製造システム立上げ評価部222による評価では、これらの各作業を考慮し、製造システムの立上げに要する時間、工数、コストの中から評価指標設定部112で選択された評価指標に対する数値を算出する。
In the evaluation by the manufacturing system start-up
製造システム実行評価部223では、製造システムの生産実行時の運用の評価を実施する。製造システムの生産実行時の運用とは、生産設備による作業と作業者による作業により生産計画に基づく製造を実行することである。生産設備による作業には、例えば、工作機械による加工、搬送装置による搬送、検査装置による検査等の、生産設備の制御装置に格納されたプログラムに基づき実行される作業が含まれる。
The manufacturing system
作業者による作業には、例えば、部品のピッキング、工作機械への治具や加工対象部品の固定、手作業による部品組立、検査装置への条件設定等の、製造現場の作業者によって直接実行される作業が含まれる。 The work performed by the worker is directly performed by a worker at the manufacturing site, for example, picking a part, fixing a jig or a processing target part to a machine tool, manually assembling a part, setting conditions for an inspection device, and the like. Work is included.
製造システム実行評価部223による評価では、賽銭設備による作業と作業者による作業によって、製造システムの生産実行を運用した場合には、工場の総合設備効率、正味設備効率、製品の良品率、製品の納期遵守率等の評価指標の中から評価指標設定部112で選択された評価指標に対する数値を算出する。
According to the evaluation by the manufacturing system
評価値の算出には、生産計画に基づき生産設備と作業者を割当て、生産スケジューラ224により算出した生産スケジュールを、製造システム設計案を仮想空間上に模擬した生産シミュレータ225でシミュレーション実行した結果を利用する。生産スケジュールの決定には、一般にソフトウエア製品として販売されている生産スケジューラ224が利用可能である。
For the calculation of the evaluation value, the result of simulating the production schedule calculated by the
製造システム設計案に基づく製造システムを実際に構築し、生産スケジューラ224に基づく製造を実行している場合には、生産シミュレータ225の代わりに実際の製造システムを利用する。この場合は、生産設備の制御装置から、制御システムインタフェース226を介して生産実績データを取得することにより、評価値を算出する。
(4) When a manufacturing system based on the manufacturing system design plan is actually constructed and manufacturing based on the
製造システム評価算出部221は、製造システム立上げ評価部222及び製造システム実行評価部223の評価結果に基づき、1つ以上の製造システム設計案のそれぞれについて、1つ以上の評価指標に対する評価値を評価結果表示部121に出力する。
The manufacturing system
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1による製造システム設計支援装置の評価結果を表示する画面のイメージ図である。設計案が毎に、例えば、立上げ時の時間、工数及びコスト、運用時の総合設備効率及び納期遵守率、並びに総合評価が評価結果として示される。この図4では、図2で選択した項目にあわせて、立上げ時及び運用時の選択項目を選択した例を示している。 FIG. 4 is an image diagram of a screen displaying an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. For each design proposal, for example, the time at start-up, the number of man-hours and costs, the overall equipment efficiency and the delivery date compliance rate during operation, and the overall evaluation are shown as evaluation results. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the start-up and operation-time selection items are selected in accordance with the items selected in FIG.
評価結果表示部121は、図4に示すように、縦軸に製造システム設計案、横軸に評価指標を取った表形式で評価結果を出力する。横軸の評価指標には、評価指標設定部112で設定された、立上げ時の評価指標と運用時の評価指標を表示する。評価結果としては、横軸の評価指標に対する評価値を表示する。横軸の評価指標に利用した立上げ時の評価指標と運用時の評価指標とに基づく製造システム設計案に対する総合評価として、製造システム設計案間の評価順位の平均値を算出することにより、横軸の評価指標の先頭に加えて表示する。また、横軸に挙げた評価指標別の評価値順に、評価対象の製造システム設計案をソート可能とする。これにより、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成し、評価結果を比較表示することが可能となる。
(4) As shown in FIG. 4, the evaluation
以上のように、製造システムで製品を製造するときの製造要件を設定する製造要件設定部と、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成する製造システム設計案生成部と、製造システム設計案の評価指標を設定する評価指標設定部と、評価指標に基づき製造システム設計案の評価結果を算出する製造システム設計案評価部と、評価結果を表示する評価結果表示部とを備えた製造システム設計支援装置であるので、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成し、設計案の評価結果を比較表示することができる。 As described above, a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing products in a manufacturing system, a manufacturing system design plan generation unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements, and an evaluation of the manufacturing system design plan A manufacturing system design support apparatus comprising: an evaluation index setting unit that sets an index; a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index; and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result Therefore, a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
また、評価指標設定部は、立上げ作業を評価する立上げ評価指標と、運用したときの製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価指標とを設定し、製造システム設計案評価部は、立上げ評価指標に基づいて製造システムの立上げを評価する製造システム立上げ評価部と、製造システム実行評価指標に基づいて製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価部と、製造システム立上げ評価部及び製造システム実行評価部の評価結果を算出する。 The evaluation index setting unit sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a production system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution during operation. A manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit that evaluates start-up of a manufacturing system based on an index, a manufacturing system execution evaluation unit that evaluates manufacturing execution based on a manufacturing system execution evaluation index, a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit, and a manufacturing system execution The evaluation result of the evaluation unit is calculated.
さらに、製造システム設計案生成部は、製造要件と評価指標とから製造システム設計案を抽出する製造システム設計案抽出部と、製造要件と評価指標と製造システム設計案と評価結果との組合せ結果を複数記憶する評価結果記憶部と、組合せ結果に基づき製造要件と評価指標との組に対して評価の高い製造システム設計案を導出するルールを学習する製造システム設計ルール学習部と、製造システム設計ルール学習部の学習結果を製造システム設計ルールとして記憶する製造システム設計ルール記憶部とを備えている。 Further, the manufacturing system design plan generating section extracts the manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index, and the manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing result, the evaluation index, and the combination result of the manufacturing system design plan and the evaluation result. A plurality of evaluation result storage units, a manufacturing system design rule learning unit for learning rules for deriving a manufacturing system design plan with high evaluation for a set of manufacturing requirements and an evaluation index based on the combination result, and a manufacturing system design rule A manufacturing system design rule storage unit that stores a learning result of the learning unit as a manufacturing system design rule.
また、製造システム設計案抽出部は、製造システム設計ルールを参照して製造システム設計案を抽出する。さらに、評価結果表示部は、所定の期間における評価指標による製造システム設計案の順位付けをして表示する。 (4) The manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rules. Further, the evaluation result display unit ranks and displays the manufacturing system design proposals by the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
また、製造システム実行評価部は、製品を製造する製造設備の稼働計画及び作業者の配置計画を行う生産スケジューラ、製造設備及び作業者による生産のシミュレーションを行う生産シミュレータ、及び製造設備の生産実績データを取得する制御システムインタフェースの少なくともいずれか1つを用いて製造実行を評価する。 The production system execution evaluation unit includes a production scheduler that performs an operation plan of a production facility that manufactures a product and a placement plan of workers, a production simulator that simulates production by production facilities and workers, and production performance data of production facilities. Is evaluated using at least one of the control system interfaces that obtain
実施の形態2.
実施の形態2は、実施の形態1と構成については同一である。実施の形態2では、実施の形態1に対して、製造システム設計ルール学習部213で、強化学習を用いている点、ニューラルネットワークを学習させる点が異なっている。
製造システム設計ルール学習部213における学習には、例えば、強化学習が利用可能である。強化学習とは、ある環境内におけるエージェントが、現在の状態を観測し、取るべき行動を決定する問題を扱う機械学習の一種である。エージェントは行動を選択することで環境から報酬を得る。強化学習は一連の行動を通じて報酬が最も多く得られるような方策を学習する。強化学習のアルゴリズムは動的計画法に類似したアルゴリズムである。強化学習は、ある状態での好適な行動を習得するために、状態と行動の組を経験することにより将来得られる報酬の見積りを更新する教師なし学習であり、様々な状態と行動の組合せをシミュレーションにより経験させる方法が知られている。
For the learning in the manufacturing system design
製造要件設定部111で設定された製造要件と現時点の製造システムのレイアウト、作業者の配置との組合せを「状態」、製造システムのレイアウトと作業者の配置の変更を「行動」、与えられた期間の「行動」の結果、評価指標に基づき算出された評価結果を「報酬」とする強化学習を実行する。強化学習の学習過程では、行動を実行すると状態が変化し、その結果として状態と行動の様々な組合せを経験し、報酬を得ることにより、組合せに対する評価が決定する。
The combination of the manufacturing requirements set by the manufacturing
生産シミュレータ225を用いて強化学習の学習過程を実行することにより、製造要件に対して、製造システムのレイアウトと作業者の配置をそれぞれ別のレイアウトと別の配置に変更する、あるいは変更しないという行動が得られる。このようにして強化学習によって得られたルールは、製造システム設計ルール記憶部214に保存される。
By executing the learning process of reinforcement learning using the
実工場に製造システムのレイアウトと作業者の配置を適用した場合には、制御システムインタフェース226を介して得られるデータから評価指標に基づき評価を算出し、強化学習に反映し、製造システム設計ルール記憶部214に保存することができる。
When the layout of the manufacturing system and the arrangement of the workers are applied to the actual factory, the evaluation is calculated based on the evaluation index from the data obtained through the
製造システム設計ルール記憶部214に保存されたルールに基づき、製造システム設計案抽出部211では、製造要件設定部111で設定された製造要件から、評価指標設定部112で設定された各評価指標の評価を高くする製造システム設計案を抽出する。
Based on the rules stored in the manufacturing system design
また、強化学習を繰返し実行し、製造要件と評価指標の入力に対する好適な製造システム設計案の出力の組合せの事例が収集できた場合には、収集事例を教師信号として入力から出力を得るニューラルネットワークを学習させることができる。 In addition, if reinforcement learning is repeatedly executed and cases of a combination of the output of a suitable manufacturing system design plan with respect to the input of the manufacturing requirement and the evaluation index can be collected, a neural network that obtains an output from the input using the collected example as a teacher signal is obtained. Can be learned.
図5は、本発明の実施の形態2による製造システム設計支援装置の設計ルールの学習を示すイメージ図であり、学習させる対象のニューラルネットワークのイメージを示した図である。ニューラルネットワークの入力として、製造要件の項目と評価指標の項目を設定し、ニューラルネットワークの出力として、前期製造システム設計案の項目を設定する。製造要件と評価指標の組合せと組合せに対して好適な製造システム設計案の複数の事例を教師信号としてニューラルネットワークに与えることにより、ニューラルネットワークを学習させる。 FIG. 5 is an image diagram showing learning of design rules of the manufacturing system design support apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing an image of a neural network to be learned. The items of the manufacturing requirement and the item of the evaluation index are set as the input of the neural network, and the item of the previous term manufacturing system design plan is set as the output of the neural network. The neural network is learned by giving a plurality of examples of the manufacturing system design plan suitable for the combination of the manufacturing requirement and the evaluation index to the neural network as a teacher signal.
ニューラルネットワークの学習結果についても、ルールとして製造システム設計ルール記憶部214に保存させることができ、製造システム設計案抽出部211での製造システム設計案の抽出に活用することができる。
学習 The learning result of the neural network can also be stored in the manufacturing system design
以上のように、製造システムで製品を製造するときの製造要件を設定する製造要件設定部と、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成する製造システム設計案生成部と、製造システム設計案の評価指標を設定する評価指標設定部と、評価指標に基づき製造システム設計案の評価結果を算出する製造システム設計案評価部と、評価結果を表示する評価結果表示部とを備えた製造システム設計支援装置であるので、製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成し、設計案の評価結果を比較表示することができる。 As described above, a manufacturing requirement setting unit that sets manufacturing requirements when manufacturing products in a manufacturing system, a manufacturing system design plan generation unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies manufacturing requirements, and an evaluation of the manufacturing system design plan A manufacturing system design support apparatus comprising: an evaluation index setting unit that sets an index; a manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index; and an evaluation result display unit that displays the evaluation result Therefore, a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements can be generated, and the evaluation results of the design plan can be compared and displayed.
また、評価指標設定部は、立上げ作業を評価する立上げ評価指標と、運用したときの製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価指標とを設定し、製造システム設計案評価部は、立上げ評価指標に基づいて製造システムの立上げを評価する製造システム立上げ評価部と、製造システム実行評価指標に基づいて製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価部と、製造システム立上げ評価部及び製造システム実行評価部の評価結果を算出する。 The evaluation index setting unit sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a production system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution during operation. A manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit that evaluates start-up of a manufacturing system based on an index, a manufacturing system execution evaluation unit that evaluates manufacturing execution based on a manufacturing system execution evaluation index, a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit, and a manufacturing system execution The evaluation result of the evaluation unit is calculated.
さらに、製造システム設計案生成部は、製造要件と評価指標とから製造システム設計案を抽出する製造システム設計案抽出部と、製造要件と評価指標と製造システム設計案と評価結果との組合せ結果を複数記憶する評価結果記憶部と、組合せ結果に基づき製造要件と評価指標との組に対して評価の高い製造システム設計案を導出するルールを学習する製造システム設計ルール学習部と、製造システム設計ルール学習部の学習結果を製造システム設計ルールとして記憶する製造システム設計ルール記憶部とを備えている。 Further, the manufacturing system design plan generating section extracts a manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index, and a combination of the manufacturing requirements, the evaluation index, the manufacturing system design plan, and the evaluation result. A plurality of evaluation result storage units, a manufacturing system design rule learning unit for learning rules for deriving a manufacturing system design plan with high evaluation for a set of manufacturing requirements and an evaluation index based on the combination result, and a manufacturing system design rule A manufacturing system design rule storage unit that stores a learning result of the learning unit as a manufacturing system design rule.
また、製造システム設計案抽出部は、製造システム設計ルールを参照して製造システム設計案を抽出する。さらに、評価結果表示部は、所定の期間における評価指標による製造システム設計案の順位付けをして表示する。 (4) The manufacturing system design plan extracting section extracts the manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rules. Further, the evaluation result display unit ranks and displays the manufacturing system design proposals by the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
また、製造システム実行評価部は、製品を製造する製造設備の稼働計画及び作業者の配置計画を行う生産スケジューラ、製造設備及び作業者による生産のシミュレーションを行う生産シミュレータ、及び製造設備の生産実績データを取得する制御システムインタフェースの少なくともいずれか1つを用いて製造実行を評価する。 The production system execution evaluation unit includes a production scheduler that performs an operation plan of a production facility that manufactures a product and a placement plan of workers, a production simulator that simulates production by production facilities and workers, and production performance data of production facilities. Is evaluated using at least one of the control system interfaces that obtain
1 入出力部、2 演算処理部、11 入力手段、12 出力手段、21 製造システム設計案生成部、22 製造システム設計案評価部、111 製造要件設定部、112 評価指標設定部、121 評価結果表示部、211 製造システム設計案抽出部、212 評価結果記憶部、213 製造システム設計ルール学習部、214 製造システム設計ルール記憶部、221 製造システム評価算出部、222 製造システム立上げ評価部、223 製造システム実行評価部、224 生産スケジューラ、225 生産シミュレータ、226 制御システムインタフェース。 1 {input / output section, 2} arithmetic processing section, 11} input means, 12 # output means, 21} manufacturing system design plan generation section, 22 {manufacturing system design plan evaluation section, 111} manufacturing requirement setting section, 112 # evaluation index setting section, 121 # evaluation result display Section, 211 {production system design plan extraction section, 212} evaluation result storage section, 213} production system design rule learning section, 214} production system design rule storage section, 221} production system evaluation calculation section, 222} production system start-up evaluation section, 223} production system Execution evaluation unit, 224 production scheduler, 225 production simulator, 226 control system interface.
Claims (7)
前記製造要件を満たす製造システム設計案を生成する製造システム設計案生成部と、
前記製造システム設計案の評価指標を設定する評価指標設定部と、
前記評価指標に基づき前記製造システム設計案の評価結果を算出する製造システム設計案評価部と、
前記評価結果を表示する評価結果表示部とを備えたことを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 A manufacturing requirement setting unit for setting manufacturing requirements when manufacturing products in the manufacturing system;
A manufacturing system design plan generation unit that generates a manufacturing system design plan that satisfies the manufacturing requirements,
An evaluation index setting unit that sets an evaluation index of the manufacturing system design plan,
A manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit that calculates an evaluation result of the manufacturing system design plan based on the evaluation index,
A manufacturing system design support device, comprising: an evaluation result display unit for displaying the evaluation result.
前記評価指標設定部は、立上げ作業を評価する立上げ評価指標と、運用したときの製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価指標とを設定し、
前記製造システム設計案評価部は、前記立上げ評価指標に基づいて前記製造システムの立上げを評価する製造システム立上げ評価部と、前記製造システム実行評価指標に基づいて製造実行を評価する製造システム実行評価部と、製造システム立上げ評価部及び製造システム実行評価部の前記評価結果を算出する製造システム評価算出部とを備えたことを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support apparatus according to claim 1,
The evaluation index setting unit sets a start-up evaluation index for evaluating the start-up work and a manufacturing system execution evaluation index for evaluating the production execution when operated.
The manufacturing system design plan evaluation unit is a manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit that evaluates start-up of the manufacturing system based on the start-up evaluation index, and a manufacturing system that evaluates manufacturing execution based on the manufacturing system execution evaluation index. A manufacturing system design support apparatus comprising: an execution evaluation unit; and a manufacturing system evaluation calculation unit that calculates the evaluation results of the manufacturing system start-up evaluation unit and the manufacturing system execution evaluation unit.
前記製造システム設計案生成部は、
前記製造要件と前記評価指標とから製造システム設計案を抽出する製造システム設計案抽出部と、
前記製造要件と前記評価指標と前記製造システム設計案と前記評価結果との組合せ結果を複数記憶する評価結果記憶部と、
前記組合せ結果に基づき前記製造要件と前記評価指標との組に対して評価の高い前記製造システム設計案を導出するルールを学習する製造システム設計ルール学習部と、
前記製造システム設計ルール学習部の学習結果を製造システム設計ルールとして記憶する製造システム設計ルール記憶部とを備えたことを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The manufacturing system design plan generation unit,
A manufacturing system design plan extraction unit that extracts a manufacturing system design plan from the manufacturing requirements and the evaluation index,
An evaluation result storage unit that stores a plurality of combination results of the manufacturing requirement, the evaluation index, the manufacturing system design plan, and the evaluation result,
A manufacturing system design rule learning unit that learns a rule for deriving the manufacturing system design plan having a high evaluation for a set of the manufacturing requirement and the evaluation index based on the combination result;
A manufacturing system design rule storage unit for storing a learning result of the manufacturing system design rule learning unit as a manufacturing system design rule.
前記製造システム設計案抽出部は、前記製造システム設計ルールを参照して製造システム設計案を抽出することを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support device according to claim 3, wherein
The manufacturing system design support device, wherein the manufacturing system design plan extracting unit extracts a manufacturing system design plan with reference to the manufacturing system design rule.
前記評価結果表示部は、所定の期間における前記評価指標による前記製造システム設計案の順位付けをして表示することを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
The manufacturing system design support apparatus, wherein the evaluation result display unit ranks and displays the manufacturing system design plans based on the evaluation index in a predetermined period.
前記製造システム実行評価部は、前記製品を製造する製造設備の稼働計画及び作業者の配置計画を行う生産スケジューラ、前記製造設備及び前記作業者による生産のシミュレーションを行う生産シミュレータ、及び前記製造設備の生産実績データを取得する制御システムインタフェースの少なくともいずれか1つを用いて前記製造実行を評価することを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, which is dependent on claim 2 and claim 2,
The production system execution evaluation unit includes a production scheduler that performs an operation plan and a placement plan of a manufacturing facility that manufactures the product, a production simulator that simulates production by the manufacturing facility and the worker, and a production simulator. A manufacturing system design support device, wherein the manufacturing execution is evaluated using at least one of a control system interface for acquiring production performance data.
前記製造システム設計ルール学習部は、強化学習を用いたことを特徴とする製造システム設計支援装置。 The manufacturing system design support apparatus according to any one of claims 3 and 4, and claims 5 and 6, which are dependent on claim 3.
A manufacturing system design support device, wherein the manufacturing system design rule learning unit uses reinforcement learning.
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