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WO2020051652A1 - Gear system used in a device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum - Google Patents

Gear system used in a device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020051652A1
WO2020051652A1 PCT/BR2018/000054 BR2018000054W WO2020051652A1 WO 2020051652 A1 WO2020051652 A1 WO 2020051652A1 BR 2018000054 W BR2018000054 W BR 2018000054W WO 2020051652 A1 WO2020051652 A1 WO 2020051652A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
seeds
gears
conductor
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BR2018/000054
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Miguel Humberto NOER
Marcio Luiz Neuvald SILVA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maquinas Agricolas Jacto SA
Original Assignee
Maquinas Agricolas Jacto SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maquinas Agricolas Jacto SA filed Critical Maquinas Agricolas Jacto SA
Priority to BR112021004397-7A priority Critical patent/BR112021004397B1/en
Priority to PCT/BR2018/000054 priority patent/WO2020051652A1/en
Publication of WO2020051652A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020051652A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/04Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/08Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
    • A01C7/16Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver. More specifically, it comprises a system of gears, of various sizes, which house and transport the seeds from the selector system to the sowing groove through synchronous movements in opposite directions that conduct the seeds in a uniform manner.
  • this new constructive form allows to increase the speed of displacement of the seeds in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, not suffering from the action of the trepidation of the line and maintaining the correct distance until the sowing furrow.
  • sowing machines for planting comprise a seed conducting tube from the selector system to the sowing groove.
  • the seed is transported from the conductive tube into the system, falling in free fall from an average height of seven hundred millimeters to the sowing groove, this system not only generates an uneven distribution and the high coefficient of variation due to the disorderly fall of the seed, it does not have any regulating device to control the deposition of the seed and it can also have sensors in the center of the conductive tube that prevent the seed from sliding straight into the sowing groove, making its deposition uneven.
  • the present holder has developed a gear system that allows increasing the seed displacement speed in order to compensate the tractor displacement, without suffering from line shake action and maintaining the correct distance to the sowing furrow.
  • a gear system applied in the vacuum seed feeder and conductor that comprises a gear system that houses and they transport the seeds from the selector system to the sowing groove through synchronous movements in opposite directions that conduct the seeds in a uniform manner.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed conductor that provides a structure equipped with gear sets.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the doser and conductor of vacuum seeds that provides a circular structure provided by a selector disk that has a release point and a vacuum cut.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the doser and conductor of vacuum seeds that provides a selector disk that has a sealing rubber that allows the generation of vacuum close to the seed housing holes.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver that provides a selector disk that features a rosette next to the vacuum release and cut point.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver that provides a transmitting gear that drives the first set of gears to later move the selector disk.
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum seed metering and conductor that provides a gear set that has a larger diameter gear that increases the seed displacement speed in order to compensate the tractor displacement ,
  • a characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum seed feeder and conductor that provides a gear system that avoids the action of line trepidation and maintains the correct distance to the sowing groove.
  • Figure 1 shows the perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor.
  • Figure 2 shows the posterior perspective view of the vacuum feeder and seed driver.
  • Figure 3 shows the front view of the vacuum feeder and seed driver, showing the circular structure and selector disk.
  • Figure 4 shows the details of the circular structure and selector disk.
  • Figure 5 shows the perspective view of the vacuum seed doser and conductor, without the covers, detailing the splector disk and gear set.
  • Figure 6 shows the perspective view of the first gear set and figure 6A shows the rear perspective view of the first gear set.
  • Figure 7 shows the perspective view of the second gear set and figure 7A shows the rear perspective view of the second gear set.
  • Figure 8 shows the perspective view of the third gear set and figure 8A shows the rear perspective view of the third gear set.
  • Figure 9 shows the perspective view of the fourth gear set provided with the multiplier gear
  • Figure 9A shows the front view of the fourth gear set
  • Figure 9B shows the exploded perspective view of the fourth gear set.
  • Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the support structure of the gear set, where the exploded view of the third and fourth gear set appears in order to detail its constructiveness.
  • Figure 11 shows the rear perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor with the exploded details of the shaft and driving gear.
  • Figure 12 shows the rear view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the gear set and selector disk.
  • Figure 13 shows the perspective view of the gear set, selector disk, driving gear and feed wheel, detailing the operation, figure 13A shows the details of the drive and transmission system of the driving gear for the first gear set and figure 13B shows the detail of the feed wheel that transmits the seed until the spacing in the first set of gears.
  • Figure 14 shows the front view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the gear set and selector disk.
  • Figure 15 shows the frontal perspective view of the support structure of the gear set, detailing the positioning of the gears.
  • Figure 16 shows the front perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the guide structure placed next to the drive gear shaft.
  • Figure 17 shows the perspective view of the second constructive form of the gear set and Figure 17A shows the front view of the second constructive form of the gear set.
  • Figure 18 shows the perspective view of the third constructive form of the gear set and Figure 18A shows the front view of the third constructive form of the gear set.
  • Figure 19 shows the perspective view of the fourth constructive form of the gear set and Figure 19A shows the front view of the fourth constructive form of the gear set.
  • Figure 20 shows the rear perspective view of the fifth constructive form of the system where a pipe is used conductor
  • figure 20A shows a front view of the fifth constructive form of the conducting tube guidance system
  • figure 20B shows the exploded view detailing the self-adjusting seed driver.
  • the gear system applied to the vacuum seed metering and conductor, object of the present invention comprises a circular structure (10) provided with a cover (11) and a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), that house the selector disk and the set of gears for displacement and transportation of seeds.
  • the circular structure (10) is provided with a cover (11) that has an entry point (1 1 1) of the vacuum turbine that generates the suction inside the structure (10).
  • the structure (10) is provided with an entry point (101) of the seeds next to the selector system.
  • the vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21) serves as a support for the set of gears arranged vertically aligned and the cover (21) protects this set of gears from dirt and debris that can hinder the functioning of the system.
  • the selector disk (30) is provided with a set of holes (31) around its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, and by a set of teeth (32) arranged close to the end that allow interlocking with the set of gears arranged in the structure (20).
  • the selector disk (30) is fixed through a central axis (33) that allows easy replacement.
  • the selector disk (30) is equipped with a rubber (34) arranged around the holes (31) so that the entry point (111) is arranged over the holes and between the rubber, generating the vacuum necessary to fix the seeds close to the holes (31) and release them next to the set of transport and direction gears until the sowing groove.
  • the point of release of the seeds in the selector disk (30) is the point where there is no provision of the rubber (34) so that the seeds when passing through this point are released from the holes (31) until the first set of gears of transport of the set.
  • a rosette (35) is provided to eliminate broken and dirty seeds, avoiding damaging the vacuum seed selector system.
  • a set of gears (40), (50), (60) and (70) is placed in the internal portion of the vertical structure (20), which receive and transport the seeds to the sowing groove close to the soil in a synchronized manner. and with a controlled speed that compensates for the tractor's displacement.
  • the gear set (40) is provided with spacings (41) in its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, said gear set (40) which has a smaller diameter gear (42) on its front face and a gear (43) of larger diameter disposed in the rear portion.
  • the largest diameter gear (43) receives the movement of the driving gear (80) and the gear with the smallest diameter (42) transmits the movement of the driving gear to the selector disk (30).
  • an ejector gear (44) is arranged which causes all the seeds to be directed to the subsequent gear. According to figures 6 and 6A.
  • the gear set (50) is provided with spacings
  • the gear set (60) is provided with spacings
  • the constructive form of the gear (63) arranged in the set (60) allows to synchronize and control the speed in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, said gear (63) which is a speed multiplier gear (EMV).
  • the gear set (70) is equipped with a structure (71) that has a set of fins (711) that allow the reception and movement of the seeds to the release point close to the ground.
  • a gear (72) is arranged that receives the movement of the gear (63) of the set (60), so that the gear (63) transmits a movement with a higher rotation than the other gears of the set , allowing the equipment to compensate the tractor's displacement next to the planting, generating greater efficiency and precision to the seed dosing system.
  • the gear (72) is fitted together with the structure (71) through spacings (721) that fit together with projections (712), maintaining the locking of the set and rotation.
  • the gear (63) which is a speed multiplier gear (EMV) is coupled next to the gear (62) having the same number of teeth as this, but with a larger outside diameter in order to rotate the gear (72 ) with half the number of teeth, thus achieving twice the rotation speed of the other gears.
  • EMV speed multiplier gear
  • the gear set (70) separates the seeds in their housings (71) and with the increased speed, manages to deposit the seeds in the groove with the release speed close to zero, that is, the seeds are thrown back with the speed is similar to the forward speed of the planter, thus obtaining a distance between the seeds with an excellent variation coefficient, improving crop productivity at any speed of planting displacement.
  • the gear set (70) equipped with a structure (71) that has a set of fins (711) uses in its composition, flexible and soft material that avoids damage to the seeds and has its design in a way that holds the seeds in the housings (71) firmly to the point of release in the planting furrow providing an excellent coefficient of variation.
  • the gear set (40, 50, 60 and 70) features self-adjusting vanes (90) that have the purpose of adjusting and maintaining the grains in the cocoons of the sets (40, 50, 60 and 70), maintaining the system mechanical rotation of the gears free and without friction, allowing a good functioning and adjustments of the seeds.
  • the gear drive system consists of a driving gear (80) attached to one end of an axis (81), said axis (81) which has a transmission transmission gear (82) at its opposite end and a feed wheel (83).
  • the feed wheel (83) has the function of removing the seeds from the surface of the selector disk (30) and pushing them into the cocoons (41) of the gear set (40) ensuring the correct transfer time and distance of the seeds.
  • the wheel (83) is composed of soft and flexible material, rotating in the same direction as the disc (30) and inverse to the rotation of the gear set (40) to which it is connected by the teeth (42).
  • the axis (81) of the feeder wheel (83) is used to pull and move both the disc (30) through the gear (42), as well as the set of gears (40, 50, 60 and 70) of the system seed conveyor through movement transmission gear (82).
  • the system is activated by rotating the driving gear (80) that drives the shaft (81) and the gear (82) for the movement transmission, in order to move the disc (30) and the first set of gears ( 40).
  • the gear (43) transmits the rotational movement to the assembly (50) so that the gear (43) rotates the gear (52) counterclockwise.
  • the gear (52) transmits the movement to the assembly (60) through the gear (62), moving the assembly (60) clockwise.
  • the set (60) transmits the movement to the set (70) through the gear (63) of greater diameter that moves the gear (72), moving the set (70) counterclockwise.
  • the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes three sets of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove.
  • the system is provided by the selector disk (30), gear set (40), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the driving gear (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82).
  • the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes two sets of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove.
  • the system is equipped with the selector disk (30), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the driving gear (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82) .
  • the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes a set of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove.
  • the system is equipped with a selector disk (30) and a set of gears (70) which are moved by the driving gear (80) with an axle (81) and transmission gear (82).
  • the system presents the replacement of the gear system by a seed conducting tube (100) coupled next to the circular structural base (10) equipped with a selector disk (30).
  • a seed driver with self-adjusting pressure (101) is attached to the structure (10) by means of a screw and spring (102), allowing the seeds to be released right in the center of the conductor tube (100) .

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The gear system used in the device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum, which is the subject matter of the present invention, comprises a system of variously sized gears (40, 50, 60, 70) accommodating and transporting the seeds from the selector system to the planting furrow by means of synchronous movements, in opposite directions, that convey the seeds in a uniform manner. Thus, this new structural form of actuation and of the gear system makes it possible to increase the speed of movement of the seeds such as to compensate for the movement of the tractor, there thereby being no effect deriving from the action of the vibration of the line and the correct distance from the planting furrow being maintained.

Description

SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E  GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE DOSER AND

CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO  VACUUM SEED CONDUCTOR FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[01] A presente invenção descreve um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo. Mais especificamente compreende um sistema de engrenagens, de vários tamanhos, que alojam e transportam as sementes desde o sistema seletor até o sulco da semeadura através de movimentos sincrônicos em sentidos opostos que conduzem as sementes de maneira uniforme. Assim, esta nova forma construtiva permite aumentar a velocidade de deslocamento das sementes de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator, não sofrendo com ação da trepidação da linha e mantendo o distanciamento correto até o sulco de semeadura.  [01] The present invention describes a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver. More specifically, it comprises a system of gears, of various sizes, which house and transport the seeds from the selector system to the sowing groove through synchronous movements in opposite directions that conduct the seeds in a uniform manner. Thus, this new constructive form allows to increase the speed of displacement of the seeds in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, not suffering from the action of the trepidation of the line and maintaining the correct distance until the sowing furrow.

ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[02] No plantio de sementes, é sabido que a qualidade e a distribuição das sementes no solo são fundamentais para um bom desempenho, estima-se que para cada percentual de falha no plantio (cova sem semente) ou para cada percentual de “duplo” no plantio (duas sementes por cova) tem-se uma perda de 3,3% em produtividade.  [02] When planting seeds, it is known that the quality and distribution of seeds in the soil are fundamental for good performance, it is estimated that for each percentage of failure in planting (seedless pit) or for each percentage of “double ”When planting (two seeds per hole) there is a loss of 3.3% in productivity.

[03] Além disso, existe uma perda maior pelo distanciamento irregular das sementes, ou seja, o coeficiente de variação (CV) do distanciamento entre os grãos, proporcionando uma perda de produtividade de 1 ,5 a 3 sacos por hectare para cada 10% de variação do coeficiente de variação (CV).  [03] In addition, there is a greater loss due to the irregular spacing of the seeds, that is, the variation coefficient (CV) of the spacing between the grains, providing a productivity loss of 1, 5 to 3 bags per hectare for every 10% of variation of the coefficient of variation (CV).

[04] Atualmente, as semeadoras para o plantio compreendem um tubo condutor de sementes desde o sistema seletor ate o sulco da semeadura. A semente é transportada do tubo condutor para dentro do sistema, caindo em queda livre de uma altura média de setecentos milímetros até o sulco de semeadura, esse sistema além de gerar uma desuniformidade na distribuição e o alto coeficiente de variação em função da queda desordenada da semente, não apresenta nenhum dispositivo regulador para controlar a deposição da semente e, ainda, pode apresentar sensores no centro do tubo condutor que impedem a semente de deslizar retilineamente no sulco de semeadura, desuniformizando sua deposição. [04] Currently, sowing machines for planting comprise a seed conducting tube from the selector system to the sowing groove. The seed is transported from the conductive tube into the system, falling in free fall from an average height of seven hundred millimeters to the sowing groove, this system not only generates an uneven distribution and the high coefficient of variation due to the disorderly fall of the seed, it does not have any regulating device to control the deposition of the seed and it can also have sensors in the center of the conductive tube that prevent the seed from sliding straight into the sowing groove, making its deposition uneven.

[05] Estes sistemas trabalham com variação do coeficiente de variação (CV) de 30% a 80%, tendo-se perdas de produtividade de 4,5 até 25 sacos por hectare.  [05] These systems work with variation coefficient of variation (CV) from 30% to 80%, with productivity losses of 4.5 to 25 bags per hectare.

[06] O documento WO2015168759, do mesmo titular, descreve uma base estrutural circular dotada de tampa e base vertical angulada dotada de tampa, na parte superior da base descreve uma caixa de sementes, uma turbina de vácuo e um disco de corte, sendo o sistema acionado por uma barra e engrenagem que rotaciona no sentido horário o disco seletor transmitindo o movimento para as engrenagens vazadas dotadas de espaçamentos que direcionam as sementes até a rampa de soltura, reduzindo o coeficiente de variação da semente na linha de semeadura.  [06] The document WO2015168759, of the same holder, describes a circular structural base with lid and angled vertical base with lid, in the upper part of the base it describes a seed box, a vacuum turbine and a cutting disc, being the system driven by a bar and gear that rotates the selector disk clockwise, transmitting the movement to the hollow gears with spacings that direct the seeds to the release ramp, reducing the seed variation coefficient in the sowing line.

[07] Nesse sentido, buscando melhorar e aperfeiçoar o sistema dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, o presente titular, desenvolveu um sistema de engrenagens que permite aumentar a velocidade de deslocamento das sementes de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator, não sofrendo com ação da trepidação da linha e mantendo o distanciamento correto até o sulco de semeadura.  [07] In this sense, seeking to improve and perfect the vacuum seed metering and conductor system, the present holder has developed a gear system that allows increasing the seed displacement speed in order to compensate the tractor displacement, without suffering from line shake action and maintaining the correct distance to the sowing furrow.

[08] Desta forma, é objeto da presente invenção, um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que compreende um sistema de engrenagens que alojam e transportam as sementes desde o sistema seletor até o sulco da semeadura através de movimentos sincrônicos em sentidos opostos que conduzem as sementes de maneira uniforme. [08] In this way, it is the object of the present invention, a gear system applied in the vacuum seed feeder and conductor that comprises a gear system that houses and they transport the seeds from the selector system to the sowing groove through synchronous movements in opposite directions that conduct the seeds in a uniform manner.

SUMÁRIO DA INVENÇÃO  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[09] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê uma estrutura dotada por conjuntos de engrenagens.  [09] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed conductor that provides a structure equipped with gear sets.

[010] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê uma estrutura circular dotada por um disco seletor que apresenta um ponto de soltura e corte do vácuo.  [010] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the doser and conductor of vacuum seeds that provides a circular structure provided by a selector disk that has a release point and a vacuum cut.

[011] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê um disco seletor que apresenta uma borracha de vedação que permite a geração do vácuo junto aos furos de alojamento das sementes.  [011] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the doser and conductor of vacuum seeds that provides a selector disk that has a sealing rubber that allows the generation of vacuum close to the seed housing holes.

[012] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê um disco seletor que apresenta uma roseta junto ao ponto de soltura e corte do vácuo.  [012] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver that provides a selector disk that features a rosette next to the vacuum release and cut point.

[013] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê um eixo de transmissão dotado por uma engrenagem motriz e engrenagem transmissora.  [013] It is characteristic of the present invention a gear system applied to the vacuum seed metering and conductor that provides a transmission shaft provided with a driving gear and a transmitting gear.

[014] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê uma engrenagem transmissora que movimenta o primeiro conjunto de engrenagens para posteriormente movimentar o disco seletor. [014] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum feeder and seed driver that provides a transmitting gear that drives the first set of gears to later move the selector disk.

[015] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê um conjunto de engrenagens que apresenta uma engrenagem de maior diâmetro que aumenta a velocidade de deslocamento das sementes de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator,  [015] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum seed metering and conductor that provides a gear set that has a larger diameter gear that increases the seed displacement speed in order to compensate the tractor displacement ,

[016] É característica da presente invenção um sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo que provê um sistema de engrenagens que evita a ação da trepidação da linha e mantém o distanciamento correto até o sulco de semeadura.  [016] A characteristic of the present invention is a gear system applied to the vacuum seed feeder and conductor that provides a gear system that avoids the action of line trepidation and maintains the correct distance to the sowing groove.

[017] A caracterização da presente invenção é feita por meio de desenhos representativos do sistema de engrenagens, de tal modo que o produto possa ser integralmente reproduzido por técnica adequada, permitindo plena caracterização da funcionalidade do objeto pleiteado.  [017] The characterization of the present invention is made by means of representative drawings of the gear system, in such a way that the product can be fully reproduced by appropriate technique, allowing full characterization of the functionality of the object claimed.

BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURAS  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[018] A figura 1 apresenta a vista perspectiva do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo.  [018] Figure 1 shows the perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor.

[019] A figura 2 apresenta a vista perspectiva posterior do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo.  [019] Figure 2 shows the posterior perspective view of the vacuum feeder and seed driver.

[020] A figura 3 apresenta a vista frontal do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, demonstrando a estrutura circular e disco seletor.  [020] Figure 3 shows the front view of the vacuum feeder and seed driver, showing the circular structure and selector disk.

[021] A figura 4 apresenta o detalhamento da estrutura circular e disco seletor. [022] A figura 5 apresenta a vista perspectiva do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, sem as tampas, detalhando o conjunto do disco spletor e conjunto de engrenagens. [021] Figure 4 shows the details of the circular structure and selector disk. [022] Figure 5 shows the perspective view of the vacuum seed doser and conductor, without the covers, detailing the splector disk and gear set.

[023] A figura 6 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do primeiro conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 6A apresenta a vista em perspectiva posterior do primeiro conjunto de engrenagens.  [023] Figure 6 shows the perspective view of the first gear set and figure 6A shows the rear perspective view of the first gear set.

[024] A figura 7 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do segundo conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 7A apresenta a vista em perspectiva posterior do segundo conjunto de engrenagens.  [024] Figure 7 shows the perspective view of the second gear set and figure 7A shows the rear perspective view of the second gear set.

[025] A figura 8 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do terceiro conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 8A apresenta a vista em perspectiva posterior do terceiro conjunto de engrenagens.  [025] Figure 8 shows the perspective view of the third gear set and figure 8A shows the rear perspective view of the third gear set.

[026] A figura 9 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do quarto conjunto de engrenagens dotado da engrenagem multiplicadora, a figura 9A apresenta a vista frontal do quarto conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 9B apresenta a vista em perspectiva explodida do quarto conjunto de engrenagens.  [026] Figure 9 shows the perspective view of the fourth gear set provided with the multiplier gear, Figure 9A shows the front view of the fourth gear set and Figure 9B shows the exploded perspective view of the fourth gear set.

[027] A figura 10 apresenta a vista em perspectiva da estrutura de sustentação do conjunto de engrenagens, onde aparece a vista explodida do terceiro e quarto conjunto de engrenagens de forma a detalhar sua construtividade.  [027] Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the support structure of the gear set, where the exploded view of the third and fourth gear set appears in order to detail its constructiveness.

[028] A figura 1 1 apresenta a vista perspectiva posterior do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo com o detalhamento explodido do eixo e engrenagem motriz.  [028] Figure 11 shows the rear perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor with the exploded details of the shaft and driving gear.

[029] A figura 12 apresenta a vista posterior do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, detalhando o conjunto de engrenagens e disco seletor. [030] A figura 13 apresenta a vista em perspectiva do conjunto de engrenagens, disco seletor, engrenagem motriz e roda alimentadora, detalhando o funcionamento, a figura 13A demonstra o detalhamento do sistema de acionamento e transmissão da engrenagem motriz para o primeiro conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 13B apresenta o detalhamento da roda alimentadora que transmite a semente até o espaçamento no primeiro conjunto de engrenagens. [029] Figure 12 shows the rear view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the gear set and selector disk. [030] Figure 13 shows the perspective view of the gear set, selector disk, driving gear and feed wheel, detailing the operation, figure 13A shows the details of the drive and transmission system of the driving gear for the first gear set and figure 13B shows the detail of the feed wheel that transmits the seed until the spacing in the first set of gears.

[031] A figura 14 apresenta a vista frontal do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, detalhando o conjunto de engrenagens e disco seletor.  [031] Figure 14 shows the front view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the gear set and selector disk.

[032] A figura 15 apresenta a vista perspectiva frontal da estrutura de sustentação do conjunto de engrenagens, detalhando o posicionamento das engrenagens.  [032] Figure 15 shows the frontal perspective view of the support structure of the gear set, detailing the positioning of the gears.

[033] A figura 16 apresenta a vista perspectiva frontal do dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, detalhando a estrutura guia disposta junto ao eixo da engrenagem motriz.  [033] Figure 16 shows the front perspective view of the vacuum seed feeder and conductor, detailing the guide structure placed next to the drive gear shaft.

[034] A figura 17 apresenta a vista em perspectiva da segunda forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 17A apresenta a vista frontal da segunda forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens.  [034] Figure 17 shows the perspective view of the second constructive form of the gear set and Figure 17A shows the front view of the second constructive form of the gear set.

[035] A figura 18 apresenta a vista em perspectiva da terceira forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 18A apresenta a vista frontal da terceira forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens.  [035] Figure 18 shows the perspective view of the third constructive form of the gear set and Figure 18A shows the front view of the third constructive form of the gear set.

[036] A figura 19 apresenta a vista em perspectiva da quarta forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens e a figura 19A apresenta a vista frontal da quarta forma construtiva do conjunto de engrenagens. [036] Figure 19 shows the perspective view of the fourth constructive form of the gear set and Figure 19A shows the front view of the fourth constructive form of the gear set.

[037] A figura 20 apresenta a vista em perspectiva posterior da quinta forma construtiva do sistema onde é utilizado um tubo condutor, a figura 20A apresenta perspectiva frontal da quinta forma construtiva do sistema de direcionamento por tubo condutor e a figura 20B apresenta a vista explodida detalhando o direcionador de sementes auto ajustável. [037] Figure 20 shows the rear perspective view of the fifth constructive form of the system where a pipe is used conductor, figure 20A shows a front view of the fifth constructive form of the conducting tube guidance system and figure 20B shows the exploded view detailing the self-adjusting seed driver.

[038] As figuras elaboradas expressam a melhor forma ou forma preferencial de se realizar o produto, fundamentando a parte descritiva do relatório através de uma numeração detalhada e consecutiva, onde se esclarece aspectos que possam ficar subentendidos pela representação, de modo a determinar claramente a proteção ora pretendida.  [038] The figures drawn up express the best or preferred way of making the product, supporting the descriptive part of the report through a detailed and consecutive numbering, which clarifies aspects that may be implied by the representation, in order to clearly determine the protection now sought.

DESCRIÇÃO DA INVENÇÃO  DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[039] O sistema de engrenagens aplicado no dosador e condutor de sementes a vácuo, objeto da presente invenção, compreende uma estrutura circular (10) dotada por tampa (1 1 ) e uma estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ), que alojam o disco seletor e o conjunto de engrenagens de deslocamento e transporte das sementes.  [039] The gear system applied to the vacuum seed metering and conductor, object of the present invention, comprises a circular structure (10) provided with a cover (11) and a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), that house the selector disk and the set of gears for displacement and transportation of seeds.

[040] A estrutura circular (10) é dotada por tampa (11 ) que apresenta um ponto de entrada (1 1 1 ) da turbina de vácuo que gera a sucção no interior da estrutura (10). A estrutura (10) é dotada por um ponto de entrada (101 ) das sementes junto ao sistema seletor.  [040] The circular structure (10) is provided with a cover (11) that has an entry point (1 1 1) of the vacuum turbine that generates the suction inside the structure (10). The structure (10) is provided with an entry point (101) of the seeds next to the selector system.

[041] A estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ) serve de sustentação do conjunto de engrenagens dispostas alinhadas verticalmente e a tampa (21 ) protege este conjunto de engrenagens de sujeiras e detritos que possam atrapalhar o funcionamento do sistema.  [041] The vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21) serves as a support for the set of gears arranged vertically aligned and the cover (21) protects this set of gears from dirt and debris that can hinder the functioning of the system.

[042] Na porção interna da estrutura circular (10) é disposto o disco seletor (30) dotado por um conjunto de furos (31 ) ao redor de sua porção central que recebem e transportam as sementes, e por um conjunto de dentes (32) dispostos junto a extremidade que permitem o engrenamento com o conjunto de engrenagens disposto na estrutura (20). O disco seletor (30) é fixado através de um eixo central (33) que permite a fácil substituição. [042] In the inner portion of the circular structure (10), the selector disk (30) is provided with a set of holes (31) around its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, and by a set of teeth (32) arranged close to the end that allow interlocking with the set of gears arranged in the structure (20). The selector disk (30) is fixed through a central axis (33) that allows easy replacement.

[043] O disco seletor (30) é dotado por uma borracha (34) disposta ao redor dos furos (31) de forma que o ponto de entrada (111 ) fica disposto sobre os furos e entre a borracha, gerando o vácuo necessário para fixar as sementes junto aos furos (31) e liberá-las junto ao conjunto de engrenagens de transporte e direcionamento até o sulco da semeadura.  [043] The selector disk (30) is equipped with a rubber (34) arranged around the holes (31) so that the entry point (111) is arranged over the holes and between the rubber, generating the vacuum necessary to fix the seeds close to the holes (31) and release them next to the set of transport and direction gears until the sowing groove.

[044] O ponto de soltura das sementes no disco seletor (30) é o ponto onde não há a disposição da borracha (34) de forma que as sementes ao passarem por este ponto são liberadas dos furos (31) até ao primeiro conjunto engrenagens de transporte do conjunto. Junto ao ponto de soltura das sementes é disposta uma roseta (35) que permite eliminar as sementes quebradas e sujeiras, evitando prejudicar o sistema seletor de sementes a vácuo.  [044] The point of release of the seeds in the selector disk (30) is the point where there is no provision of the rubber (34) so that the seeds when passing through this point are released from the holes (31) until the first set of gears of transport of the set. Next to the seed release point, a rosette (35) is provided to eliminate broken and dirty seeds, avoiding damaging the vacuum seed selector system.

[045] Na porção interna da estrutura vertical (20) é disposto um conjunto de engrenagens (40), (50), (60) e (70) que recebem e transportam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura junto ao solo de forma sincronizada e com uma velocidade controlada que compensa o deslocamento do trator.  [045] A set of gears (40), (50), (60) and (70) is placed in the internal portion of the vertical structure (20), which receive and transport the seeds to the sowing groove close to the soil in a synchronized manner. and with a controlled speed that compensates for the tractor's displacement.

[046] O conjunto de engrenagens (40) é dotado por espaçamentos (41) em sua porção central que recebem e transportam as sementes, dito conjunto de engrenagens (40) que apresenta em sua face frontal uma engrenagem (42) de menor diâmetro e uma engrenagem (43) de maior diâmetro disposta na porção posterior. A engrenagem de maior diâmetro (43) é a que recebe o movimento da engrenagem motriz (80) e a engrenagem de menor diâmetro (42) é a que transmite o movimento da engrenagem motriz para o disco seletor (30). Junto aos espaçamentos (41) é disposta uma engrenagem ejetora (44) que faz com que todas as sementes sejam direcionadas a engrenagem subsequente. Conforme as figuras 6 e 6A. [046] The gear set (40) is provided with spacings (41) in its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, said gear set (40) which has a smaller diameter gear (42) on its front face and a gear (43) of larger diameter disposed in the rear portion. The largest diameter gear (43) receives the movement of the driving gear (80) and the gear with the smallest diameter (42) transmits the movement of the driving gear to the selector disk (30). Next to the spacings (41), an ejector gear (44) is arranged which causes all the seeds to be directed to the subsequent gear. According to figures 6 and 6A.

[047] O conjunto de engrenagens (50) é dotado por espaçamentos [047] The gear set (50) is provided with spacings

(51) em sua porção central que recebem e transportam as sementes, dito conjunto de engrenagens (50) que apresenta uma engrenagem(51) in its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, said set of gears (50) that has a gear

(52) de maior diâmetro disposta na porção posterior. A engrenagem (52) é movimentada pela engrenagem (43) do conjunto (40). Junto aos espaçamentos (51) é disposta uma engrenagem ejetora (53) que faz com que todas as sementes sejam direcionadas a engrenagem subsequente. Conforme as figuras 7 e 7A. (52) of larger diameter arranged in the posterior portion. The gear (52) is moved by the gear (43) of the assembly (40). Next to the spacings (51), an ejector gear (53) is arranged which causes all the seeds to be directed to the subsequent gear. According to figures 7 and 7A.

[048] O conjunto de engrenagens (60) é dotado por espaçamentos [048] The gear set (60) is provided with spacings

(61 ) em sua porção central que recebem e transportam as sementes, dito conjunto de engrenagens (60) que apresenta uma engrenagem(61) in its central portion that receive and transport the seeds, said set of gears (60) that has a gear

(62) de menor diâmetro e uma engrenagem (63) de maior diâmetro dispostas em conjunto na porção posterior. O conjunto de engrenagens (60) é movimentado através da engrenagem (62) que recebe o movimento da engrenagem (52) do conjunto (50), de modo a movimentar a engrenagem (63). Dita engrenagem (63) de maior diâmetro que acelera a rotação da ultima engrenagem (70). Conforme as figuras 8 e 8A. (62) of smaller diameter and a gear (63) of larger diameter arranged together in the posterior portion. The gear set (60) is moved through the gear (62) which receives the movement of the gear (52) from the set (50), in order to move the gear (63). Said gear (63) of larger diameter that accelerates the rotation of the last gear (70). According to figures 8 and 8A.

[049] A forma construtiva da engrenagem (63) disposta no conjunto (60) permite sincronizar e controlar a velocidade de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator, dita engrenagem (63) que é uma engrenagem multiplicadora de velocidade (EMV). [050] O conjunto de engrenagens (70) é dotado por uma estrutura (71) que apresenta um conjunto de aletas (711 ) que permitem o recebimento e deslocamento das sementes até o ponto de soltura junto ao solo. Na porção frontal do conjunto (70) é disposta uma engrenagem (72) que recebe o movimento da engrenagem (63) do conjunto (60), de modo que a engrenagem (63) transmite um movimento com uma rotação superior as demais engrenagens do conjunto, permitindo que o equipamento compense o deslocamento do trator junto ao plantio, gerando maior eficiência e precisão ao sistema dosador de sementes. [049] The constructive form of the gear (63) arranged in the set (60) allows to synchronize and control the speed in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, said gear (63) which is a speed multiplier gear (EMV). [050] The gear set (70) is equipped with a structure (71) that has a set of fins (711) that allow the reception and movement of the seeds to the release point close to the ground. In the front portion of the set (70), a gear (72) is arranged that receives the movement of the gear (63) of the set (60), so that the gear (63) transmits a movement with a higher rotation than the other gears of the set , allowing the equipment to compensate the tractor's displacement next to the planting, generating greater efficiency and precision to the seed dosing system.

[051] A engrenagem (72) é encaixada junto a estrutura (71) através de espaçamentos (721 ) que se encaixam junto a projeções (712), mantendo o travamento do conjunto e rotação.  [051] The gear (72) is fitted together with the structure (71) through spacings (721) that fit together with projections (712), maintaining the locking of the set and rotation.

[052] A engrenagem (63), que é uma engrenagem multiplicadora de velocidade (EMV), fica acoplada junto à engrenagem (62) tendo o mesmo numero de dentes desta, porem com o diâmetro externo maior de forma a rotacionar a engrenagem (72) com a metade do numero de dentes, conseguindo assim o dobro de velocidade de rotação das demais engrenagens.  [052] The gear (63), which is a speed multiplier gear (EMV), is coupled next to the gear (62) having the same number of teeth as this, but with a larger outside diameter in order to rotate the gear (72 ) with half the number of teeth, thus achieving twice the rotation speed of the other gears.

[053] O conjunto de engrenagens (70) distancia as sementes em seus alojamentos (71) e com a velocidade aumentada, consegue depositar as sementes no sulco com a velocidade de soltura próxima de zero, ou seja, as sementes são arremessadas para trás com a velocidade similar à velocidade de deslocamento para frente da plantadeira, obtendo-se assim um distanciamento das sementes com excelente coeficiente de variação melhorando a produtividade da lavoura em qualquer velocidade de deslocamento do plantio. [054] O conjunto de engrenagens (70) dotado de estrutura (71) que apresenta um conjunto de aletas (711) utiliza em sua composição, material flexível e macio que evita danos às sementes e tem o seu desenho de maneira que prende as sementes nos alojamentos (71 ) firmemente até o ponto de soltura no sulco de plantio proporcionando um excelente coeficiente de variação. [053] The gear set (70) separates the seeds in their housings (71) and with the increased speed, manages to deposit the seeds in the groove with the release speed close to zero, that is, the seeds are thrown back with the speed is similar to the forward speed of the planter, thus obtaining a distance between the seeds with an excellent variation coefficient, improving crop productivity at any speed of planting displacement. [054] The gear set (70) equipped with a structure (71) that has a set of fins (711) uses in its composition, flexible and soft material that avoids damage to the seeds and has its design in a way that holds the seeds in the housings (71) firmly to the point of release in the planting furrow providing an excellent coefficient of variation.

[055] O conjunto de engrenagens (40, 50, 60 e 70) apresentam palhetas auto ajustáveis (90) que tem a finalidade de ajustar e manter os grãos nos casulos dos conjuntos (40, 50, 60 e 70), mantendo o sistema de giro mecânico das engrenagens livres e sem atritos, possibilitando um bom funcionamento e ajustes das sementes.  [055] The gear set (40, 50, 60 and 70) features self-adjusting vanes (90) that have the purpose of adjusting and maintaining the grains in the cocoons of the sets (40, 50, 60 and 70), maintaining the system mechanical rotation of the gears free and without friction, allowing a good functioning and adjustments of the seeds.

[056] O sistema de acionamento das engrenagens é composto por uma engrenagem motriz (80) fixada em uma das extremidades de um eixo (81 ), dito eixo (81 ) que apresenta em sua extremidade oposta uma engrenagem (82) de transmissão do movimento e uma roda alimentadora (83).  [056] The gear drive system consists of a driving gear (80) attached to one end of an axis (81), said axis (81) which has a transmission transmission gear (82) at its opposite end and a feed wheel (83).

[057] A roda alimentadora (83) tem a função de remover as sementes da superfície do disco seletor (30) e empurra-las para dentro dos casulos (41) do conjunto de engrenagens (40) assegurando o tempo e distancia corretos da transferência das sementes.  [057] The feed wheel (83) has the function of removing the seeds from the surface of the selector disk (30) and pushing them into the cocoons (41) of the gear set (40) ensuring the correct transfer time and distance of the seeds.

[058] A roda (83) é composta de material macio e flexível, rotacionando no mesmo sentido do disco (30) e inverso à rotação do conjunto de engrenagens (40) à qual esta ligada pelos dentes (42).  [058] The wheel (83) is composed of soft and flexible material, rotating in the same direction as the disc (30) and inverse to the rotation of the gear set (40) to which it is connected by the teeth (42).

[059] O eixo (81 ) da roda alimentadora (83) é utilizado para tracionar e movimentar tanto o disco (30) através da engrenagem (42), bem como o conjunto de engrenagens (40, 50, 60 e 70) do sistema transportador de sementes através engrenagem (82) de transmissão do movimento. [059] The axis (81) of the feeder wheel (83) is used to pull and move both the disc (30) through the gear (42), as well as the set of gears (40, 50, 60 and 70) of the system seed conveyor through movement transmission gear (82).

[060] O sistema é acionado através da rotação da engrenagem motriz (80) que movimenta o eixo (81 ) e a engrenagem (82) de transmissão do movimento, de modo a movimentar o disco (30) e o primeiro conjunto de engrenagens (40).  [060] The system is activated by rotating the driving gear (80) that drives the shaft (81) and the gear (82) for the movement transmission, in order to move the disc (30) and the first set of gears ( 40).

[061] A engrenagem motriz (80) e a engrenagem de transmissão (82) realizam sua movimentação em sentido anti-horário, transmitindo o movimento para a engrenagem (43) do conjunto (40) de forma que tal engrenagem se movimenta em sentido horário. A rotação do conjunto [061] The driving gear (80) and the transmission gear (82) move in a counterclockwise direction, transmitting the movement to the gear (43) of the assembly (40) so that such gear moves clockwise . The rotation of the set

(40) transmite o movimento para o disco seletor (30) através da engrenagem (42), de modo que o disco seletor se movimenta no sentido anti-horário dentro da estrutura circular (10). (40) transmits the movement to the selector disk (30) through the gear (42), so that the selector disk moves counterclockwise within the circular structure (10).

[062] A engrenagem (43) transmite o movimento rotacional para o conjunto (50) de forma que a engrenagem (43) rotaciona a engrenagem (52) em sentido anti-horário. A engrenagem (52) transmite o movimento para o conjunto (60) através da engrenagem (62), movimentando o conjunto (60) no sentido horário.  [062] The gear (43) transmits the rotational movement to the assembly (50) so that the gear (43) rotates the gear (52) counterclockwise. The gear (52) transmits the movement to the assembly (60) through the gear (62), moving the assembly (60) clockwise.

[063] O conjunto (60) transmite o movimento ao conjunto (70) através da engrenagem (63) de maior diâmetro que movimenta a engrenagem (72), movimentando o conjunto (70) no sentido anti- horário.  [063] The set (60) transmits the movement to the set (70) through the gear (63) of greater diameter that moves the gear (72), moving the set (70) counterclockwise.

[064] O eixo (81) dotado por engrenagem motriz (80) e engrenagem (82), apresenta junto a engrenagem (82) uma estrutura guia (83) disposta junto ao ponto de soltura da semente no disco seletor (30) de forma a permitir que a semente seja direcionada até os alojamentos [064] The shaft (81) provided with driving gear (80) and gear (82), presents along the gear (82) a guide structure (83) arranged close to the seed release point on the selector disk (30) in a way to allow the seed to be directed to the quarters

(41) do conjunto (40) [065] O sistema de movimentação e rotação das engrenagens permite que a semente disposta junto ao disco seletor (30) seja posicionada e conduzida até o sulco da semeadura através de um sistema sincronizado que evita a geração de sementes duplas e permite aumentar a velocidade de deslocamento das sementes de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator, não sofrendo com ação da trepidação da linha e mantendo o distanciamento correto até o sulco de semeadura. (41) of the set (40) [065] The system of movement and rotation of the gears allows the seed placed next to the selector disk (30) to be positioned and guided to the furrow of the sowing through a synchronized system that avoids the generation of double seeds and allows to increase the speed of displacement of the seeds in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, not suffering from the action of the trepidation of the line and maintaining the correct distance until the sowing furrow.

[066] Opcionalmente, em uma segunda forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta uma estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ), que descreve três conjuntos de engrenagens interligados ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura. Assim, o sistema é dotado pelo disco seletor (30), conjunto de engrenagens (40), conjunto da engrenagem multiplicadora (60) e conjunto de engrenagens (70), que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) e engrenagem de transmissão (82).  [066] Optionally, in a second constructive form, the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes three sets of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove. Thus, the system is provided by the selector disk (30), gear set (40), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the driving gear (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82).

[067] Opcionalmente, em uma terceira forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta uma estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ), que descreve dois conjuntos de engrenagens interligados ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura. Assim, o sistema é dotado pelo disco seletor (30), conjunto da engrenagem multiplicadora (60) e conjunto de engrenagens (70), que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) e engrenagem de transmissão (82).  [067] Optionally, in a third constructive form, the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes two sets of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove. Thus, the system is equipped with the selector disk (30), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the driving gear (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82) .

[068] Opcionalmente, em uma quarta forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta uma estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ), que descreve um conjunto de engrenagens interligado ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura. Assim, o sistema é dotado pelo disco seletor (30) e conjunto de engrenagens (70) que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) e engrenagem de transmissão (82). [068] Optionally, in a fourth constructive form, the system has a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21), which describes a set of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove. Like this, the system is equipped with a selector disk (30) and a set of gears (70) which are moved by the driving gear (80) with an axle (81) and transmission gear (82).

[069] Opcionalmente, em uma quinta forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta a substituição do sistema de engrenagens por um tubo condutor de sementes (100) acoplado junto à base estrutural circular (10) dotada de disco seletor (30). Para o funcionamento deste sistema usa-se um direcionador de sementes com pressão auto ajustável (101 ) fixado junto a estrutura (10) através de parafuso e mola (102), permitindo que as sementes sejam soltas bem no centro do tubo condutor (100). Para a utilização deste sistema é necessário realocar a engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) junto a porção central do disco seletor (30) de forma a transmitir o movimento da engrenagem motriz direto ao disco (30), e realizar o ajuste do sistema de encaixe variável junto às borrachas (34) disposta junto ao disco seletor (30), ajustando o corte de vácuo, reduzindo a altura de queda livre das sementes com menos ricocheteio e melhor distribuição das sementes, conforme descrito nas figuras 20, 20A e 20B.  [069] Optionally, in a fifth constructive form, the system presents the replacement of the gear system by a seed conducting tube (100) coupled next to the circular structural base (10) equipped with a selector disk (30). For the operation of this system, a seed driver with self-adjusting pressure (101) is attached to the structure (10) by means of a screw and spring (102), allowing the seeds to be released right in the center of the conductor tube (100) . To use this system, it is necessary to relocate the driving gear (80) equipped with an axis (81) near the central portion of the selector disk (30) in order to transmit the movement of the driving gear directly to the disk (30), and carry out the adjustment of the variable fitting system next to the rubbers (34) disposed next to the selector disk (30), adjusting the vacuum cut, reducing the height of free fall of the seeds with less rebound and better distribution of the seeds, as described in figures 20, 20A and 20B.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO compreender uma estrutura circular (10) dotada por tampa (11 ) dotado por um ponto de entrada (111) da turbina de vácuo e um ponto de entrada (101) das sementes junto ao sistema seletor, e uma estrutura vertical (20) dotada por tampa (21 ) que serve de sustentação do conjunto de engrenagens e a tampa (21 ) protege este conjunto de engrenagens de sujeiras e detritos que possam atrapalhar o funcionamento do sistema, caracterizado por na porção interna da estrutura circular (10) ser disposto o disco seletor (30) fixado através de um eixo central (33), dito disco (30) que apresenta a disposição de uma borracha (34) de geração do vácuo junto aos furos (31) e o engrenamento com o conjunto de engrenagens disposto na estrutura (20) é realizado através dos dentes (32), sendo que na porção interna da estrutura (20) é disposto um conjunto de engrenagens (40) dotado por espaçamentos (41 ), uma engrenagem (42) de menor diâmetro e uma engrenagem (43) de maior diâmetro disposta na porção posterior, dita engrenagem de maior diâmetro (43) que recebe o movimento da engrenagem motriz (80) através da engrenagem (82) e a engrenagem de menor diâmetro (42) é a que transmite o movimento da engrenagem motriz para o disco seletor (30); o movimento é transmitido para o conjunto de engrenagens (50) dotado por espaçamentos (51) e uma engrenagem (52) de maior diâmetro disposta na porção posterior que é movimentada pela engrenagem (43) do conjunto (40); o movimento é transmitido para o conjunto de engrenagens (60) dotado por espaçamentos (61), uma engrenagem (62) de menor diâmetro e uma engrenagem (63) de maior diâmetro dispostas em conjunto na porção posterior, sendo movimentado através da engrenagem1. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR comprises a circular structure (10) provided with a cover (11) provided with an entry point (111) of the vacuum turbine and an entry point (101) of the seeds next to the selector system, and a vertical structure (20) provided with a cover (21) that supports the gear set and the cover (21) protects this set of gears from dirt and debris that can hinder the operation of the system, characterized because in the inner portion of the circular structure (10) the selector disk (30) is fixed, fixed through a central axis (33), said disk (30) which has the provision of a rubber (34) for generating the vacuum next to the holes (31) and the gearing with the set of gears arranged in the structure (20) is carried out through the teeth (32), and in the inner portion of the structure (20) there is a set of gears (40) provided with spacings (41) ), a gear (42) of smaller diameter and a gear (43) of larger diameter disposed in the posterior portion, said gear of larger diameter (43) that receives the movement of the driving gear (80) through the gear (82) and the gear of smaller diameter (42) is the one that transmits the movement of the driving gear to the selector disk (30); the movement is transmitted to the set of gears (50) provided with spacings (51) and a gear (52) of greater diameter disposed in the posterior portion that is moved by the gear (43) of the set (40); the movement is transmitted to the set of gears (60) provided with spacings (61), a gear (62) of smaller diameter and a gear (63) of larger diameter arranged together in the posterior portion, being moved through the gear (62) que recebe o movimento da engrenagem (52) do conjunto (50), de modo a movimentar a engrenagem (63) de maior diâmetro que acelera a rotação da ultima engrenagem (70); o movimento é transmitido para o conjunto de engrenagens (70) dotado por uma estrutura (71 ) que apresenta um conjunto de aletas (711 ) e uma engrenagem (72) que recebe o movimento com rotação superior da engrenagem (63) do conjunto (60); o sistema de acionamento das engrenagens é composto por uma engrenagem motriz (80) fixada em uma das extremidades de um eixo (81 ), dito eixo (81) que apresenta em sua extremidade oposta uma engrenagem (82) de transmissão do movimento e uma roda alimentadora (83), dita roda alimentadora (83) que tem a função de remover as sementes da superfície do disco seletor (30) e empurra-las para dentro dos casulos (41 ) do conjunto de engrenagens (40). (62) which receives the movement of the gear (52) of the assembly (50), in order to move the gear (63) of greater diameter that accelerates the rotation of the last gear (70); the movement is transmitted to the gear set (70) provided by a structure (71) which has a set of fins (711) and a gear (72) which receives the movement with upper rotation of the gear (63) of the set (60 ); the gear drive system consists of a driving gear (80) attached to one end of an axle (81), said axle (81) which at its opposite end has a gear (82) for transmitting movement and a wheel feeder (83), said feeder wheel (83) which has the function of removing the seeds from the surface of the selector disk (30) and pushing them into the cocoons (41) of the gear set (40). 2. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o disco seletor (30) ser dotado por uma borracha (34) disposta ao redor dos furos (31) de forma que o ponto de entrada (111) fica disposto sobre os furos e entre a borracha, gerando o vácuo necessário para fixar as sementes junto aos furos (31 ) e liberá-las junto ao ponto onde não há a disposição da borracha (34) de forma que as sementes ao passarem por este ponto são liberadas dos furos (31) até ao primeiro conjunto engrenagens de transporte do conjunto 2. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the selector disk (30) is provided with a rubber (34) arranged around the holes (31) so that the entry point (111) is arranged over the holes and between the rubber, generating the vacuum necessary to fix the seeds next to the holes (31) and release them near the point where there is no rubber arrangement (34) so that the seeds as they pass through this point are released from the holes (31) to the first set of transport gears in the set 3. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por junto ao ponto de soltura das sementes ser disposta uma roseta (35) que permite eliminar as sementes quebradas e sujeiras, evitando prejudicar o sistema seletor de sementes a vácuo. 3. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that a rosette (35) is placed next to the seed release point, which allows the elimination of broken and dirty seeds, avoiding damaging the vacuum seed selector system. 4. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por junto aos espaçamentos (41 ) e (51 ) ser dispostas as engrenagens ejetoras (44) e (53) que faz com que todas as sementes sejam direcionadas a engrenagem subsequente.  4. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejector gears (44) and (53) are arranged close to the spacings (41) and (51), which causes all seeds are directed to the subsequent gear. 5. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por a forma construtiva da engrenagem (63) permitir sincronizar e controlar a velocidade de forma a compensar o deslocamento do trator, dita engrenagem (63) que é uma engrenagem multiplicadora de velocidade (EMV) que fica acoplada junto à engrenagem (62) de forma a rotacionar a engrenagem (72) com a metade do numero de dentes, gerando o dobro de velocidade de rotação das demais engrenagens.  5. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED FEEDER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the constructive shape of the gear (63) allows to synchronize and control the speed in order to compensate the displacement of the tractor, said gear ( 63) which is a speed multiplier gear (EMV) that is attached to the gear (62) in order to rotate the gear (72) with half the number of teeth, generating twice the speed of rotation of the other gears. 6. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por a engrenagem (72) ser encaixada junto a estrutura (71) através de espaçamentos (721) que se encaixam junto a projeções (712), mantendo o travamento do conjunto e rotação. 6. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear (72) is fitted together with the structure (71) through spacings (721) that fit together with projections ( 712), maintaining the set locking and rotation. 7. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por o conjunto de engrenagens (70) distancia as sementes em seus alojamentos (71) e com a velocidade aumentada, consegue depositar as sementes no sulco com a velocidade de soltura próxima de zero. 7. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the set of gears (70) separates the seeds in their housings (71) and with the increased speed, manages to deposit the seeds in the groove with the release speed close to zero. 8. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado oor o conjunto de engrenagens (70) ser dotado de estrutura (71) que apresenta um conjunto de aletas (711) que utiliza em sua composição, material flexível e macio que evita danos às sementes, prendendo as sementes nos alojamentos (71) firmemente até o ponto de soltura no sulco de plantio.  8. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear set (70) is provided with a structure (71) that has a set of fins (711) that it uses in its composition, flexible and soft material that avoids damage to the seeds, securing the seeds in the housings (71) firmly until the release point in the planting furrow. 9. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o conjunto de engrenagens (40, 50, 60 e 70) apresentar palhetas auto ajustáveis (90) que tem a finalidade de ajustar e manter os grãos nos casulos dos conjuntos (40, 50, 60 e 70), mantendo o sistema de giro mecânico das engrenagens livres e sem atritos, possibilitando o funcionamento e ajustes das sementes.  9. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the set of gears (40, 50, 60 and 70) has self-adjusting vanes (90) that have the purpose of adjusting and keep the grains in the cocoons of the sets (40, 50, 60 and 70), keeping the mechanical rotation system of the gears free and without friction, allowing the seed to function and adjust. 10. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por a roda (83) ser composta de material macio e flexível, rotacionando no mesmo sentido do disco (30) e inverso à rotação do conjunto de engrenagens (40) à qual esta ligada pelos dentes (42). 10. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheel (83) is composed of soft and flexible material, rotating in the same direction as the disc (30) and inverse to rotation the gear set (40) to which it is connected by the teeth (42). 11. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o eixo (81 ) da roda alimentadora (83) ser utilizado para tracionar e movimentar tanto o disco (30) através da engrenagem (42), bem como o conjunto de engrenagens (40, 50, 60 e 70) do sistema transportador de sementes através engrenagem (82) de transmissão do movimento. 11. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (81) of the feed wheel (83) is used to pull and move both the disc (30) through the gear (42), as well as the set of gears (40, 50, 60 and 70) of the seed conveyor system through gear (82) of movement transmission. 12. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por opcionalmente, em uma segunda forma construtiva, o sistema descreve três conjuntos de engrenagens interligados ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura, sendo dotado pelo disco seletor (30), conjunto de engrenagens (40), conjunto da engrenagem multiplicadora (60) e conjunto de engrenagens (70), que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81) e engrenagem de transmissão (82).  12. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED FEEDER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized by optionally, in a second constructive form, the system describes three sets of gears interconnected to the selector disk (30) that move the seeds until the sowing groove, being provided by the selector disk (30), gear set (40), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the driving gear (80) equipped with shaft ( 81) and transmission gear (82). 13. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por opcionalmente, em uma terceira forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta uma estrutura vertical (20) que descreve dois conjuntos de engrenagens interligados ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura, sendo dotado pelo disco seletor (30), conjunto da engrenagem multiplicadora (60) e conjunto de engrenagens (70), que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) e engrenagem de transmissão (82). 13. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that, optionally, in a third constructive form, the system has a vertical structure (20) that describes two sets of gears connected to the disk selector (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove, being provided by the selector disk (30), multiplier gear set (60) and gear set (70), which are moved by the gear drive (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82). 14. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por opcionalmente, em uma quarta forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta uma estrutura vertical (20) que descreve um conjunto de engrenagens interligado ao disco seletor (30) que movimentam as sementes até o sulco de semeadura, sendo dotado pelo disco seletor (30) e conjunto de engrenagens (70) que são movimentados pela engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81) e engrenagem de transmissão (82).  14. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that, optionally, in a fourth constructive form, the system has a vertical structure (20) that describes a set of gears connected to the disk selector (30) that move the seeds to the sowing groove, being provided by the selector disc (30) and set of gears (70) that are moved by the driving gear (80) with shaft (81) and transmission gear (82 ). 15. SISTEMA DE ENGRENAGENS APLICADO NO DOSADOR E CONDUTOR DE SEMENTES A VÁCUO, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado por opcionalmente, em uma quinta forma construtiva, o sistema apresenta a substituição do sistema de engrenagens por um tubo condutor de sementes (100) acoplado junto à base estrutural circular (10) dotada de disco seletor (30), sendo dotado um direcionador de sementes com pressão auto ajustável (101) fixado junto a estrutura (10) através de parafuso e mola (102), realocando a engrenagem motriz (80) dotada de eixo (81 ) junto a porção central do disco seletor (30) de forma a transmitir o movimento da engrenagem motriz direto ao disco (30), e realizar o ajuste do sistema de encaixe variável junto às borrachas (34) disposta junto ao disco seletor (30), ajustando o corte de vácuo, reduzindo a altura de queda livre das sementes com menos ricocheteio e melhor distribuição das sementes.  15. GEAR SYSTEM APPLIED TO THE VACUUM SEED DOSER AND CONDUCTOR, according to claim 1, characterized by optionally, in a fifth constructive form, the system presents the replacement of the gear system by a seed conducting tube (100) coupled to the circular structural base (10) with a selector disk (30), with a self-adjusting pressure seed guide (101) fixed to the structure (10) by means of a screw and spring (102), relocating the driving gear (80) equipped with an axis (81) close to the central portion of the selector disk (30) in order to transmit the movement of the driving gear directly to the disk (30), and to carry out the adjustment of the variable fitting system next to the rubbers (34) arranged next to the selector disk (30), adjusting the vacuum cut, reducing the height of free fall of the seeds with less rebound and better distribution of the seeds.
PCT/BR2018/000054 2018-09-12 2018-09-12 Gear system used in a device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum Ceased WO2020051652A1 (en)

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PCT/BR2018/000054 WO2020051652A1 (en) 2018-09-12 2018-09-12 Gear system used in a device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum

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