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WO2019239655A1 - Poudre d'alliage de cuivre, produit stratifié/moulé, procédé pour la production de produit stratifié/moulé et pièces métalliques - Google Patents

Poudre d'alliage de cuivre, produit stratifié/moulé, procédé pour la production de produit stratifié/moulé et pièces métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019239655A1
WO2019239655A1 PCT/JP2019/009697 JP2019009697W WO2019239655A1 WO 2019239655 A1 WO2019239655 A1 WO 2019239655A1 JP 2019009697 W JP2019009697 W JP 2019009697W WO 2019239655 A1 WO2019239655 A1 WO 2019239655A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
copper alloy
alloy powder
layered object
layered
copper
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2019/009697
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
史香 西野
吉則 風間
吉田　浩一
吉章 荻原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
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Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2020525262A priority Critical patent/JPWO2019239655A1/ja
Publication of WO2019239655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019239655A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a copper alloy powder, a layered object, a method of manufacturing a layered object, and various metal parts, and in particular, rapid solidification by performing layered modeling using a copper alloy powder containing chromium and zirconium as a raw material powder.
  • a chromium-zirconium copper alloy as a layered object having all of high strength, high conductivity, and excellent heat resistance.
  • Metal materials that are required to have high strength, high conductivity, and excellent heat resistance include copper alloys containing chromium and zirconium. Can be mentioned. Zirconium contained in such a copper alloy can exhibit the most excellent heat resistance effect in a solid solution state, but is maintained in a temperature range where zirconium is precipitated in the actual manufacturing process. In many cases, zirconium does not dissolve in the copper base material, but forms precipitates, and the precipitates become coarser, and the heat resistance tends to decrease.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Since chromium-containing copper alloys (Cu—Cr alloys) and chromium-zirconium-containing copper alloys (Cu—Cr—Zr alloys) are age-hardening copper alloys having relatively high strength and electrical conductivity, It is applied to small parts such as welding electrode materials and spring materials, and large parts such as water-cooled molds. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 1)
  • chromium-zirconium copper alloy in which zirconium is added to chromium-containing copper alloy (Cu-Cr alloy) has improved intermediate temperature brittleness observed in all copper alloys, and is annealed more than chromium copper. It is known that the softening temperature is high and the strength is also high. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 1)
  • Non-Patent Document 2 In a chromium-containing copper alloy (Cu-Cr alloy), non-working material has a large age hardening, and the working material tends to soften by recovery with aging at around 300 ° C, reaching maximum hardness at about 400 ° C, and at higher temperatures. There is a tendency to soften rapidly. (For example, see Non-Patent Document 2)
  • processing methods such as casting, extrusion, cutting, and powder metallurgy have been used as methods for producing metal products from metals and alloys.
  • the object of the present invention is to optimize the composition of the raw material powder, thereby enabling the production of a layered product having all of high strength, high conductivity and excellent heat resistance, and layered modeling.
  • the object is to provide various metal parts such as motor brushes, brake pads, resistance welding electrodes, electric discharge machining electrodes, slip rings, and bearings.
  • the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
  • Copper for additive manufacturing characterized by containing, by mass%, Cr: 0.010 to 1.50%, Zr: 0.010 to 1.40%, and the balance consisting of copper and inevitable impurities Alloy powder.
  • Copper alloy powder as described in said (1) whose average particle diameter is the range of 10 micrometers or more and 40 micrometers or less.
  • the 50% particle size (d50) is 10 to 40 ⁇ m
  • the 10% particle size (d10) is 1 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • Copper alloy powder is as follows.
  • a layered object having an apparent density of 94% or more and 100% or less and an electric conductivity of 50% IACS or more.
  • the present invention contains, in mass%, Cr: 0.010 to 1.50%, Zr: 0.010 to 1.40%, and the balance consisting of copper and unavoidable impurities, thereby providing high strength and high conductivity.
  • a copper alloy powder that enables production of a layered object having all of excellent heat resistance, a layered object and a method of manufacturing the layered object, and, for example, motor brushes, brake pads, resistance welding electrodes, electric discharge machining
  • Various metal parts such as industrial electrodes, slip rings, and bearings can be provided.
  • chromium and zirconium in copper makes it possible to improve the light absorptance, so that it is possible to design a powder with excellent formability.
  • the density of the layered object can be improved by using such an alloy powder, and the strength and conductivity can be improved as compared with pure copper by increasing the density of the layered object. Can do.
  • the additive manufacturing method after melting the raw material copper alloy powder, it is possible to rapidly solidify the molten metal at a much higher cooling rate than the conventional casting method of producing a copper alloy, As a result, it is possible to refine the crystal grains by this rapid solidification and improve the strength, and also effectively suppress the generation of chromium and zirconium precipitates contained in the copper alloy, thereby improving the heat resistance. Can do.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate two types of electrodes from parts manufactured by a layered manufacturing apparatus (3D printer) using the copper alloy powder according to the present invention as a material.
  • 1 (a) is a resistance welding electrode
  • FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic view of an electric discharge machining electrode.
  • the copper alloy powder of this embodiment contains, by mass%, Cr: 0.010 to 1.50%, Zr: 0.010 to 1.40%, and the balance is made of copper and inevitable impurities.
  • ⁇ Essential component> ⁇ Cr: 0.010-1.50 mass% Cr (chromium) is a component having an effect of improving strength and heat resistance, and has a small amount of light absorption of a laser beam having a wavelength of 1.2 ⁇ m or less, particularly a fiber laser having a wavelength of 1.065 ⁇ m. It is an important element that can exert an enhancing effect on the surface. In order to exhibit such an effect, the Cr content is preferably 0.010% by mass or more.
  • the Cr content is preferably in the range of 0.010 to 1.50 mass%.
  • Zr zirconium
  • Zr zirconium
  • the Zr content is preferably 0.010% by mass or more. Further, if the Zr content exceeds 1.40% by mass, precipitates such as Cr 2 Zr or Cu 3 Zr are coarsened, so that the effect of improving strength and heat resistance cannot be expected. Therefore, the Zr content is preferably in the range of 0.010 to 1.40% by mass.
  • the above-described Cr and Zr are essential components, but other than these components, for example, Pb: 0.01 to 1.0%, Bi: 0.01 to 1.0% by mass% , Ca: 0.01 to 1.0%, Sr: 0.01 to 1.0%, Ba: 0.01 to 1.0%, Te: 0.01 to 1.0%, Si: 0.01 -1.0%, Sn: 0.01-1.0%, Mg: 0.01-1.0%, Ni: 0.01-1.0%, Ag: 0.01-1.0% and One or more elements selected from the group of Mn: 0.01 to 1.0% can also be contained as optional components as appropriate according to the required performance.
  • These optional added components are elements added to improve the light absorption characteristics, and in order to improve such characteristics, it is preferable to contain 0.010% or more of each additive component. On the other hand, even if it adds more than the upper limit of the said content range of each additive component, it is because the improvement effect beyond it cannot be anticipated. Moreover, 0.05% or more and 0.3% or less are more preferable. Further, when these optional additional components are two or more kinds, the total content is preferably 0.02 to 2.0% by mass from the viewpoint that an effect of improving the light absorption rate can be expected.
  • the balance consists of Cu and inevitable impurities other than the essential components and optional components described above.
  • the “inevitable impurities” referred to here are mostly copper alloy particles, which are present in the raw material, or inevitably mixed in the manufacturing process, and are originally unnecessary, but in a trace amount, It is generally 0.05% by mass or less, and is an allowable impurity because it does not affect the properties of the copper alloy particles.
  • the copper alloy powder of this embodiment preferably has an average particle size in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the copper alloy powder of the present embodiment has a 50% particle size (d50) of 10 to 40 ⁇ m and a 10% particle size (d10) of 1 to 30 ⁇ m in an integrated particle size distribution obtained by measurement on a volume basis. More preferably, the 90% particle diameter (d90) is more preferably 30 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the “average particle diameter” here means the volume average diameter MV.
  • “50% particle diameter d50” is also called median diameter, and means the particle diameter when the copper alloy powder is integrated from the small side to become 50% volume in the integrated particle size distribution obtained by measuring on a volume basis. To do.
  • “10% particle diameter d10” means the particle diameter when the particles are integrated from the smaller side to become 10% volume in the integrated particle size distribution obtained by measurement on a volume basis.
  • “90% particle diameter d90” described later means a particle diameter when particles are integrated from the smaller side to 90% volume in an integrated particle size distribution obtained by measurement on a volume basis.
  • the average particle diameter of copper alloy powder into the range of 10 micrometers or more and 40 micrometers or less, it becomes easy to fuse
  • the thickness 10 to 40 ⁇ m it becomes possible to improve the squeezing property of the powder.
  • the 10% particle diameter d10 to 1 to 30 ⁇ m, the bulk density of the powder layer can be improved.
  • a powder layer can be formed by laying copper-based powder so that the porosity is small and high density, and a layered model consisting of a high-density copper alloy by subsequent laser irradiation Can be manufactured.
  • the average particle size of the copper alloy powder is less than 10 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the powder is scattered at the time of laser irradiation, and if it is more than 40 ⁇ m, the density of the shaped article due to incomplete melting of the powder occurs. There arises a problem of lowering and squeezing property.
  • the 50% particle diameter d50 is less than 10 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the squeezing property is lowered, and when the 50% particle diameter d50 is more than 40 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the bulk density of the powder is lowered. Further, if the 10% particle diameter d10 is less than 1 ⁇ m, the problem of powder scattering at the time of laser irradiation occurs, and if the 10% particle diameter d10 exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the problem that the bulk density of the powder layer decreases.
  • the 90% particle size (d90) of the cumulative particle size distribution obtained by measurement on a volume basis is preferably 30 to 70 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of improving the bulk density of the powder layer. If the 90% particle diameter d90 is less than 30 ⁇ m, there may be a problem that the bulk density of the powder layer is reduced due to powder scattering during laser irradiation, and if the 90% particle diameter d90 is more than 70 ⁇ m, the powder layer This is because there is a possibility that the density of the shaped article is lowered due to the reduction of the bulk density.
  • the layered object of this embodiment contains, by mass%, a copper alloy powder containing Cr: 0.010 to 1.50%, Zr: 0.010 to 1.40%, with the balance being copper and inevitable impurities.
  • the reason why the apparent density is limited to 94% or more and 100% or less is that the layered object formed of a copper alloy formed using a conventional copper-based powder has a porosity of 6.
  • the apparent density of the layered product could not be 94% or more and 100% or less, but in this embodiment, as described above, optimization of the particle size and particle size distribution of the raw material powder As a result, it is possible to form a layered object formed of a copper alloy having an apparent density of 94% or more and 100% or less.
  • the apparent density is 100%, it means the same as the theoretical density of the bulk copper alloy, and the layered object of this embodiment is a high-density high alloy equivalent to the copper alloy (bulk). Can be configured.
  • the internal porosity can be reduced by using Cu—Cr—Zr alloy powder, which has better formability than pure copper, and the internal porosity can be reduced, and a high conductivity of 50% IACS or higher can be achieved. can do.
  • the size of the precipitates such as Cr 2 Zr and Cu 3 Zr present in the layered object is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less in order to obtain high strength and excellent heat resistance. This is because the Cu—Cr—Zr alloy is an age-hardening type copper alloy, and when the size of the precipitate becomes larger than 5 ⁇ m, the strength and heat resistance tend to decrease.
  • the manufacturing method of the layered object according to the present embodiment includes, for example, the above-described first step of forming a powder layer with a copper alloy powder and melting and solidifying the copper alloy powder existing at a predetermined position of the formed powder layer.
  • a layered object can be manufactured by laminating a modeling layer by sequentially repeating the first step and the second step, including a second step of forming a layer. More specifically, a thin powder layer is formed by spreading copper alloy powder with a thickness of about 0.05 mm by squeezing with a recoater on a shaping / processing table that can be raised and lowered (the first step), and then CAD.
  • a laser beam is irradiated, and only the irradiated portion of the powder layer is melted and solidified to form a modeling layer (second step). Further, a new powder layer is formed and laser beam irradiation is performed by a laser additive manufacturing apparatus ( What is necessary is just to manufacture a layered modeling thing by repeatedly performing using what is called a 3D printer.
  • a heat treatment step and a forging step after completion of repeated lamination of the modeling layer as necessary.
  • the copper alloy powder when squeezing the copper alloy powder uniformly, it is more preferable to apply a high frequency of 5 kHz or more to the recoater from the viewpoint that the porosity (porosity) of the layered object is reduced and the apparent density is increased. .
  • the copper alloy powder is more uniformly dispersed, so that the gaps between the copper alloy powders having relatively large particle diameters become uniform, and the copper alloy powder having a relatively small particle diameter easily enters the voids.
  • the thermal resistance between the copper alloy powders becomes uniform, the laser light energy converted into thermal energy diffuses uniformly, which increases the apparent density of the copper alloy (laminated model) after melting and solidification. This is because it is improved.
  • the layered object of the present invention can be applied in various technical fields and applications as various metal parts using copper alloy materials. Specifically, it can be applied to various metal parts, and is particularly suitable for use in motor brushes, brake pads, resistance welding electrodes, electric discharge machining electrodes, slip rings, bearings, and the like.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate two types of electrodes from parts manufactured by a layered manufacturing apparatus (3D printer) using the copper alloy powder according to the present invention as a material.
  • 1 (a) is a resistance welding electrode
  • FIG. 1 (b) is a schematic view of an electric discharge machining electrode.
  • Examples 1 to 22 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Each component was weighed so as to have the component composition shown in Table 1, and the weighed component was put into a melting furnace and melted to prepare a copper alloy (ingot). Each produced copper alloy (ingot) was mechanically pulverized, and the pulverized product of the pulverized copper alloy was dissolved in a gas atomizer and then sprayed to obtain copper alloy particles. In order to obtain fine particles, the inside of the spray tank of the gas atomizer was an atmosphere filled with a mixed gas of 85 volume% N 2 and 15 volume% H 2 or He gas. The recovered copper alloy powder (particles) was sieved and subjected to sizing.
  • the particle size distribution of the sized particles is measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (SALD-2300, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and the 50% particle size ( d50) 10% particle diameter (d10) and 90% particle diameter (d90) were determined. Further, the average particle size of the powder was determined by a light diffraction / scattering method.
  • SALD-2300 laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device
  • Table 1 shows the average particle diameter, d10, d50, and d90 of each material powder used as the material of the layered object, and the porosity (%) and overall judgment of each object (copper alloy part).
  • the comprehensive judgment is based on the following criteria: “A”, “B”, “C ”,“ D ”, and“ E ”.
  • the overall judgment is “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D”.
  • the apparent density of the layered object (copper alloy part) was “ ⁇ ” when 95% or more, “ ⁇ ” when 94% or more and less than 95%, and “X” when less than 94%.
  • the Cr and Zr contents are within the scope of the present invention, the apparent density of the layered product (copper alloy part) is 94% or more, and the tensile strength was 200 MPa or more, at least one of conductivity and heat resistance was “ ⁇ ” or more, and the overall judgment was a pass level of “A” to “D”.
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 3 do not contain Zr, the apparent density of the layered product (copper alloy part) is less than 94%, the heat resistance is “ ⁇ ”, and the conductivity is “x”. Or it was " ⁇ " and the comprehensive judgment was "E” and failed.
  • Comparative Example 4 the content of Cr and Zr was larger than the appropriate range of the present invention, so that a layered product (copper alloy part) could not be formed. Since Comparative Example 5 does not contain Cr or Zr, the apparent density of the layered product (copper alloy part) is less than 94%, the tensile strength is less than 200 MPa and “x”, and the heat resistance is also “x”. Yes, the overall judgment was “E”.
  • a copper alloy powder, a laminate model, and a method for manufacturing a laminate model that enable the manufacture of a laminate model having all of high strength, high conductivity, and excellent heat resistance, and, for example, a motor
  • Various metal parts such as brushes, brake pads, resistance welding electrodes, electrical discharge machining electrodes, slip rings, and bearings can be provided.
  • the layered object manufactured with the copper alloy powder of the present invention can be applied to various metal parts, particularly for motor brushes, brake pads, resistance welding electrodes, electric discharge machining electrodes, slip rings, bearings, etc. Suitable for use.
  • Electrode for resistance welding 20 Electrode for electrical discharge machining

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une poudre d'alliage de cuivre contenant 0,010 à 1,50 % de Cr et 0,010 à 1,40 % de Zr en termes de % en masse, le reste comprenant du cuivre et des impuretés inévitables. L'invention concerne également un produit stratifié/moulé formé par fusion et solidification d'une poudre d'alliage de cuivre qui contient 0,010 à 1,50 % de Cr et 0,010 à 1,40 % de Zr en termes de % en masse, le reste comprenant du cuivre et des impuretés inévitables. Le produit stratifié/moulé a une masse volumique apparente de 94 à 100 % et une conductivité électrique supérieure ou égale à 50 % IACS et permet la production d'un produit stratifié/moulé ayant une résistance élevée, une conductivité électrique élevée et une excellente résistance à la chaleur.
PCT/JP2019/009697 2018-06-14 2019-03-11 Poudre d'alliage de cuivre, produit stratifié/moulé, procédé pour la production de produit stratifié/moulé et pièces métalliques Ceased WO2019239655A1 (fr)

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WO2021261591A1 (fr) * 2020-06-26 2021-12-30 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 POUDRE D'ALLIAGE DE CUIVRE PRÉSENTANT UN FILM DE REVÊTEMENT DE Si ET PROCÉDÉ POUR SA PRODUCTION
WO2022138233A1 (fr) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 Poudre d'alliage de cuivre pour fabrication additive et procédé d'évaluation de ladite poudre d'alliage de cuivre, procédé de production d'un article fabriqué de manière additive avec l'alliage de cuivre, et article fabriqué de manière additive avec l'alliage de cuivre
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WO2023162610A1 (fr) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 Poudre d'alliage à base de cuivre ayant une excellente conductivité électrique
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JP2024023541A (ja) * 2019-12-20 2024-02-21 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 積層造形用金属粉末及び該金属粉末を用いて作製した積層造形物
US20240116110A1 (en) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-11 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Oxidation resistant high conductivity copper alloys
JPWO2024090448A1 (fr) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02
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JPWO2024090449A1 (fr) * 2022-10-24 2024-05-02
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WO2025204930A1 (fr) * 2024-03-28 2025-10-02 三井金属鉱業株式会社 Poudre d'alliage de cuivre et procédé de fabrication d'un article façonné stratifié à l'aide de ladite poudre d'alliage de cuivre
WO2025225674A1 (fr) * 2024-04-23 2025-10-30 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Objet en alliage de cuivre fabriqué de manière additive et procédé de production d'objet en alliage de cuivre fabriqué de manière additive

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JP7563652B2 (ja) 2022-10-24 2024-10-08 三菱マテリアル株式会社 金属ａｍ用銅合金粉末および積層造形物の製造方法
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